Doctrine
Risk: Critical · Human theologianIncarnation
CRITICAL: unlike the Hindu-context languages in this pipeline, where the incarnation’s rival is a competing positive doctrine (avatara), in Urdu the incarnation collides with tawhid’s direct denial that God takes on created or bodily form at all (Qur’an 112, Surah al-Ikhlas). This is a negation risk, not a syncretism risk, and must be taught as a claim Islamic theology explicitly contests, not smoothed over as an uncontroversial description.