Providence

تقدیر (taqdir) is avoided as the primary rendering because, per the classical Ash’ari-dominant Sunni consensus, it names a specific, precisely debated doctrine of divine decree that can be popularly received in a stronger predestinarian/fatalistic sense than Romans 8:28’s personal, purposive providence intends to convey; تدبیر (purposive arrangement/management) is preferred to keep the personal-care sense forward, though translators should be aware taqdir-adjacent language may still be the most natural way some readers process this passage, and a clarifying note is recommended.