Passage

Romans 12

• Doctrine

  Christian Identity in Christ

  Identity located in union with Christ, not in ummah membership, ethnic-religious community, or family/social standing -- a claim with real social cost in many Urdu-speaking contexts where conversion carries significant family and community consequences.

  ROM.12.5

• Glossary Term

  Church

  Established, transliterated Urdu Christian term for the local congregation.

  ROM.12.4-5

• Doctrine

  Church as God's People

  New covenant community, not a mosque-centered institution or the Islamic ummah.

  ROM.12.4-5

• Doctrine

  Separation unto God's Service

  Must not be confused with formal Islamic ritual-purity states (tahara, wudu, ghusl) or with the specific devotional-ascetic status of a Sufi wali.

  ROM.12.1-2

• Doctrine

  Spiritual Gifts

  Spirit-given enablements, not karamat (miraculous favors popularly attributed to Sufi saints).

  ROM.12.6-8

• Glossary Term

  Spiritual Gifts

  کرامات (karamat) names miraculous favors attributed to Sufi saints/friends of God (awliya) in popular devotional practice, an achieved-status category; روحانی نعمتیں (spiritual blessings/favors) avoids that saint-veneration association and keeps the sense of freely given Spirit-enablement.

  ROM.12.6-8