Passage

Romans 1

• Glossary Term

  Apostle

  Established, stable term, though the underlying concept of a specially authorized emissary of Christ may need brief explanation for readers unfamiliar with the New Testament narrative.

  ROM.1.1

• Doctrine

  Apostleship

  Apoštol is stable and unambiguous; risk is unfamiliarity with the New Testament narrative role, not mistranslation.

  ROM.1.1

• Glossary Term

  Called

  Context-sensitive: Romans 1:1 (called to apostleship), 1:7 (called to be saints), 8:28-30 (effectual calling).

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.6-7

• Glossary Term

  Calling

  In ordinary Modern Czech, 'povolání' overwhelmingly means one's job or profession ('Jaké je vaše povolání?,' 'What is your occupation?').

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.6-7

• Doctrine

  Christian Fellowship

  Shared participation in Christ; 'společenství' is a stable, low-risk modern Czech word for community.

  ROM.1.12

• Glossary Term

  Covenant

  'Smlouva' is the ordinary Czech word for any contract or agreement (a lease, an employment contract).

  ROM.1.3

• Glossary Term

  David

  Standard proper name.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Davidic Covenant

  Requires explicit Old Testament background (2 Samuel 7); no analogous concept assumed in general Czech culture.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Deity of Christ

  CRITICAL: co-equal divine nature; must not be softened to 'a great moral teacher,' a common secular-humanist framing of Jesus in non-religious Czech culture.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Divine Calling

  'Povolání' overwhelmingly means one's job or profession in ordinary Czech; God's sovereign call must be actively distinguished from this dominant secular-vocational sense.

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.6-7

• Glossary Term

  Exhort

  Context-sensitive; 'povzbuzovat' (encourage) reads more naturally in a modern register than the more formal/dated 'napomínat' (admonish).

  ROM.1.12

• Doctrine

  Faith

  Personal trust in Christ specifically; secular Czech commonly uses 'víra' for generic belief or self-confidence with no religious referent assumed.

  ROM.1.17

• Glossary Term

  Faith

  Personal trust in Christ.

  ROM.1.17

• Glossary Term

  Fellowship

  Shared participation in Christ; 'společenství' is a stable, recognizable modern Czech word for community/fellowship in both religious and secular contexts.

  ROM.1.12

• Doctrine

  Fulfillment of Prophecy

  Linear historical fulfillment (Old Testament to New Testament) requires OT narrative background that cannot be assumed for a general secular readership.

  ROM.1.2-4

• Glossary Term

  Glory

  God's radiant honor and presence.

  ROM.1.4

• Glossary Term

  God

  Standard and unambiguous, though 'proboha' ('for God's sake') functions as a common secular exclamation in everyday speech, similarly requiring register awareness in translated material.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Gospel

  The term itself is stable, but given very low general religious practice, it cannot be assumed to carry any inherited meaning; must be actively defined, not merely translated.

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Gospel

  Established term (Bible kralická through the modern Czech Ecumenical Translation), but cannot be assumed to carry inherited meaning for most readers given the Czech Republic's very low religious practice.

  ROM.1.1, ROM.1.16

• Doctrine

  Humanity of Christ

  Real physical human nature; low doctrinal risk, though should be taught alongside deity of Christ since basic Christology cannot be assumed as background.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Incarnation

  Low competing secular meaning but also low pre-existing recognition; must be taught as new content, not merely named.

  ROM.1.3

• Glossary Term

  Incarnation

  Established theological term with very low everyday secular use, meaning it carries almost no competing secular meaning but also almost no pre-existing recognition; treat as a term to be taught, not merely translated.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Inspiration of Scripture

  Requires foundational explanation of what Scripture's authority even claims to be, since general background familiarity with the Bible as a religious document cannot be assumed.

  ROM.1.2

• Glossary Term

  Jesus

  Standard and stable, though 'Ježíš'/'Ježíšmarjá' also functions as a common secular interjection/mild profanity in colloquial Czech (comparable to 'Jesus!' as an exclamation in English) — translators must ensure formal doctrinal material never inadvertently echoes this casual exclamatory register.

  ROM.1.4

• Glossary Term

  Justification

  CRITICAL: in everyday Czech, 'ospravedlnění' simply means justifying or excusing an action ('ospravedlnění pozdního příchodu,' 'justifying being late') — a low-stakes, mundane word with essentially zero inherited theological weight.

  ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Law

  The Mosaic law/Torah; also the ordinary word for civil law/legislation, requiring context to keep Paul's specific argument about Mosaic law distinct from law-in-general.

  ROM.1.2-4

• Glossary Term

  Lord

  CRITICAL, structurally similar to Greek's Κύριος: 'pán/pane' is the ordinary Czech word for 'Mister/Sir' in everyday polite address.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Lordship of Christ

  CRITICAL: 'Pán' is also the ordinary word for 'Mister/Sir'; capitalization alone is a fragile signal for the exclusive divine lordship Romans 10:9 claims, and the confession must be actively taught rather than assumed to register from word choice alone.

  ROM.1.4

• Glossary Term

  Messiah

  CRITICAL: transliterated term requiring foundational explanation of the entire Old Testament messianic-expectation background, which cannot be assumed as prior knowledge for a general secular Czech reader.

  ROM.1.3-4

• Doctrine

  Messianic Promise

  CRITICAL: requires foundational explanation of the entire Old Testament messianic-expectation background, which cannot be assumed as prior knowledge.

  ROM.1.3-4

• Glossary Term

  Mission

  Standard term; may carry a mild historical/colonial-era or NGO-humanitarian connotation in contemporary secular usage rather than a specifically gospel-proclamation sense, worth a brief clarifying note.

  ROM.1.5, ROM.1.13-14

• Doctrine

  Mission to the Nations

  'Misie' may carry a mild historical/colonial-era or NGO-humanitarian connotation rather than a specifically gospel-proclamation sense in contemporary secular usage.

  ROM.1.5, ROM.1.13-14

• Doctrine

  Mutual Edification

  Building one another up in faith; no significant doctrinal risk.

  ROM.1.12

• Doctrine

  Obedience of Faith

  A compound concept needing to be taught since neither component word carries strong pre-existing religious connotation for most readers.

  ROM.1.5

• Glossary Term

  Obedience Of Faith

  Romans 1:5 and 16:26.

  ROM.1.5

• Glossary Term

  Power Of God

  Standard, unambiguous rendering.

  ROM.1.16

• Doctrine

  Power of God for Salvation

  Standard, unambiguous rendering.

  ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Prophecy

  God-inspired declaration, not fortune-telling or trend prediction.

  ROM.1.2-4

• Glossary Term

  Prophet

  God's spokesperson; Czech popular culture's frequent use of 'prorok/prorokovat' for fortune-telling or predicting trends (e.g.

  ROM.1.2

• Glossary Term

  Resurrection

  Established Kralice-tradition term, still used at Easter (Velikonoce), the Czech Republic's most widely observed but now largely secularized holiday, popularly associated more with folk customs (pomlázka) than the resurrection of Christ.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Resurrection of Christ

  CRITICAL: bodily, historical, once-for-all resurrection.

  ROM.1.4

• Glossary Term

  Righteousness

  'Spravedlnost' is the ordinary Czech word for justice/fairness in courts and society.

  ROM.1.16

• Doctrine

  Sainthood (Called to be Holy)

  Every believer is called 'svatý' in Romans 1:7; the Czech calendar's continued marking of saints' name days is a cultural touchpoint but functions as folk custom detached from any live doctrine of sainthood, so the corporate sense must be taught as new content.

  ROM.1.7

• Doctrine

  Salvation

  CRITICAL: the greatest single risk in this Language Package.

  ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Salvation

  CRITICAL: 'spasení' is a genuine Kralice Bible-tradition term, but in one of the most secular societies in Europe it now registers to most readers as an archaic, quasi-literary word (comparable to how 'thee/thou' sounds to English speakers) rather than a live category of meaning.

  ROM.1.16

• Glossary Term

  Seed Of David

  Romans 1:3; conveys physical lineage and covenant fulfillment, though the Davidic covenant background itself needs foundational explanation.

  ROM.1.3

• Doctrine

  Separation unto God's Service

  Low risk of syncretistic conflation; the primary risk is the concept being wholly unfamiliar rather than misapplied.

  ROM.1.1

• Glossary Term

  Sin

  Czech colloquially uses 'hřích' in a weakened idiomatic sense close to 'what a shame/pity' about mundane matters (wasted food, missed opportunities).

  ROM.1.18

• Glossary Term

  Son Of God

  CRITICAL: full phrase required.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Sonship of Christ

  CRITICAL: eternal, unique Sonship, not the adoptive 'děti Boží' sense Romans 8 applies to believers; basic Trinitarian categories need brief accompanying explanation.

  ROM.1.4

• Doctrine

  Spiritual Gifts

  Spirit-given enablements for the church; low syncretism risk, but the underlying concept of the Holy Spirit distributing gifts needs foundational explanation.

  ROM.1.11

• Glossary Term

  Spiritual Gifts

  Spirit-given enablements for the church.

  ROM.1.11

• Doctrine

  Thanksgiving

  Standard term; minimal risk.

  ROM.1.8, ROM.1.21

• Glossary Term

  Thanksgiving

  Standard but somewhat formal/literary term; 'poděkování' is the everyday word for simple thanks and may read more naturally in less formal passages.

  ROM.1.8, ROM.1.21

• Doctrine

  Universal Human Accountability

  All humanity equally guilty before God; must be built up against the colloquially weakened, low-stakes everyday use of 'hřích' (sin) as a mild idiom for 'a shame' or 'a pity.'

  ROM.1.18

• Doctrine

  Universal Scope of the Gospel

  No ethnic or national barrier to the gospel; retain unqualified universal language, foundational for a reader without prior assumptions about who the gospel is 'for.'

  ROM.1.16