Core Glossary
Core Glossary — 1 Timothy (English → Tamil)
How to read this glossary
- Status: REUSE — term already exists in the baseline
translation_memory.json; the Tamil rendering shown MUST be used exactly as recorded there. The baseline TM key is given. - Status: NEW — term is not in the baseline; this document proposes the rendering, risk tier, and rationale. All NEW Critical/High terms require formal addition to
translation_memory.jsonandbible_term_registry.jsonat the start of Phase 2, per the pipeline’s translation-memory-load-and-enforcement instructions. - Risk tiers follow the baseline’s definitions exactly: Critical (theologian review, every occurrence) / High (theologian review) / Medium (native speaker review) / Low (automated review).
- Chapter references show every chapter in which the term is load-bearing, per the full-book coverage mandate.
Table 1 — Terms Reused Exactly from Baseline Translation Memory
| English term | Greek | Tamil (reused exactly) | TM key | Risk (baseline → this curriculum) | 1 Timothy chapters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | θεός | கடவுள் | god | Critical | 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 (pervasive) |
| Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | இயேசு | jesus | Critical | 1, 6 |
| Christ | Χριστός | கிறிஸ்து | christ | Critical | 1, 2, 3, 6 |
| Lord | κύριος | கர்த்தர் | lord | Critical → Critical | 1, 6 |
| Holy Spirit | πνεῦμα | பரிசுத்த ஆவியானவர் | holy_spirit | Critical | 3, 4 |
| Faith | πίστις | விசுவாசம் | faith | High | 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 (pervasive) |
| Grace | χάρις | கிருபை | grace | High | 1, 6 |
| Mercy | ἔλεος | இரக்கம் | mercy | Medium | 1 |
| Peace | εἰρήνη | சமாதானம் | peace | Medium | 1 |
| Holy | ἅγιος | பரிசுத்தம் | holy | High | 2, 5 |
| Church | ἐκκλησία | சபை | church | Medium → High | 3, 5 |
| Household of God | οἶκος θεοῦ | கடவுளுடைய வீட்டார் | household_of_god | Medium | 3 |
| Mystery | μυστήριον | இரகசியம் | mystery | High | 3 |
| Glory | δόξα | மகிமை | glory | High | 1, 3 |
| Flesh | σάρξ | மாம்சம் | flesh | Critical | 3 |
| Justification | δικαιόω | நீதிமானாக்கப்படுதல் | justification | Critical | 3 (applied to Christ, distinct sense) |
| Salvation | σωτηρία / σῴζω | இரட்சிப்பு | salvation | Critical | 1, 2, 4 |
| Savior | σωτήρ | இரட்சகர் | savior | Critical | 1, 2, 4 |
| Mediator | μεσίτης | மத்தியஸ்தன் | mediator | Medium → Critical | 2 |
| Overseer(s) | ἐπίσκοπος | கண்காணி(கள்) | overseers | Medium → High | 3 |
| Deacon(s) | διάκονος | உதவிக்காரன்/உதவிக்காரர்கள் | deacons | Medium → High | 3 |
| Gentleness | ἐπιεικής / πραϋπαθία | சாந்தகுணம் | gentleness | Medium | 3, 6 |
| Submission | ὑποτάσσω / ὑποταγή | கீழ்ப்படிதல் | submission | Medium | 2, 3 |
| Devil | διάβολος | பிசாசு | devil | High | 3, 4 |
| Contentment | αὐτάρκεια | மனநிறைவு | contentment | High → Critical | 6 |
| Proven character / testing | δοκιμάζω / δοκιμή | பரீட்சிக்கப்பட்ட(து) | proven_character | Medium | 3 |
| Election | ἐκλεκτός / ἐκλογή | தெரிந்துகொள்ளுதல் / தெரிந்துகொள்ளப்பட்ட | election | High | 5 |
| Slavery / yoke | δουλεία / ζυγός | அடிமைத்தனம் / நுகம் | slavery, yoke_of_slavery | High/Medium | 6 |
| True companion / genuine (child) | γνήσιος | உண்மையான | true_companion (root) | Low | 1 |
| Confess | ὁμολογέω / ἐξομολογέω | அறிக்கை செய்தல் | confess | High | 6 |
| Envy and rivalry | φθόνος καὶ ἔρις | பொறாமையும் வாதமும் | envy_and_rivalry | Medium | 6 |
| Exhort | παρακαλέω | உற்சாகப்படுத்துதல் | exhort | Low | 4 |
| Spiritual gifts (root) | χάρισμα(τα) | ஆவிக்குரிய வரம்/வரங்கள் | spiritual_gifts | Medium | 4 |
| Image of the invisible (God) | ἀόρατος | அதரிசனமான | image (note) | High | 1 |
Table 2 — New Terms Introduced by 1 Timothy (Proposed Renderings, Full Book Coverage)
| English term | Greek / transliteration | Tamil (proposed) | Risk | Chapters | Key rationale / collision |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Godliness | εὐσέβεια / eusebeia | கடவுள்பக்தி | Critical | 2, 3, 4, 6 | Flagship decision. Rejects established OV தேவபக்தி (reintroduces தேவன்-collision at high frequency) and bare பக்தி (loses God-directedness). பக்தி-family collision with Tamil Shaiva/Vaishnava devotional theology is unavoidable and must be managed pastorally, not lexically eliminated. Mandatory theologian review, every occurrence. |
| Sound doctrine / sound words | ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία / hygiainousa didaskalia | ஆரோக்கியமான போதகம் | Medium | 1, 6 | Medical/health metaphor; bookends with 6:4’s “diseased with controversy” (νοσῶν). Preserve the health/sickness image rather than flattening to “correct teaching.” |
| Different/contrary doctrine | ἑτεροδιδασκαλέω / heterodidaskaleō | வேறுவிதமாய் போதிக்கிறவன் | High | 6 | Direct antonym-pair with sound doctrine above; names the book’s central polarity. |
| Myths and endless genealogies | μῦθοι καὶ γενεαλογίαι ἀπέραντοι | கட்டுக்கதைகளும் முடிவில்லாத வம்சாவளிகளும் | Medium | 1 | Do not pair in translated text with any named Hindu puranic/itihasa genre; keep general. |
| Falsely called knowledge | ψευδώνυμος γνῶσις / pseudōnymos gnōsis | பொய்யாக அறிவு என்று சொல்லப்படுகிற அறிவு | Critical | 6 | MUST use அறிவு, not ஞானம் (reserved in the Colossians package for σοφία) — a different Greek word, used pejoratively; conflating the two would blur Colossians’ true Christ-centered wisdom with this verse’s condemned false teaching. Historically the term from which “Gnosticism” derives its name. |
| Guard the deposit | παραθήκη φυλάσσω / paratēkē phylassō | உன்னிடம் ஒப்படைக்கப்பட்டதைக் காத்துக்கொள் | Critical | 6 | Second flagship coinage; names the book’s final doctrine. Commercial-trust/deposit imagery; low collision, positive transfer via Tamil commercial vocabulary (cf. அச்சாரம் precedent). |
| Ransom | ἀντίλυτρον / antilytron | மீட்கும் விலை / பரிகார விலை | High | 2 | Related to but distinct from established redemption (மீட்பு); the ἀντί- prefix sharpens the substitutionary “in place of” sense. Directly tied to the Mediator doctrine. |
| To exercise authority / domineer | αὐθεντέω / authenteō | அதிகாரம் செலுத்துதல் | High | 2 | One of the NT’s most contested lexical items; render neutrally so Tamil does not resolve a live interpretive debate by word choice. Mandatory theologian review. |
| Saved through childbearing | σωθήσεται διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας | பிள்ளைப்பேறு மூலமாய் இரட்சிக்கப்படுவாள் | Critical | 2 | Must never be excerpted apart from 2:15b’s faith/love/holiness/self-control qualifier (structurally identical rule to the Philippians 2:12-13 unit requirement). Risk of implying works-salvation and of valorizing motherhood as a spiritual-worth measure. |
| Husband of one wife / wife of one husband | μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα / ἑνὸς ἀνδρὸς γυνή | ஒரே மனைவிக்குக் கணவன் / ஒரே கணவனுக்கு மனைவி | High | 3, 5 | Genuine interpretive ambiguity in the Greek itself (monogamy vs. fidelity vs. once-married); render literally/openly, do not resolve by translation. |
| Women / wives (deacons’ context) | γυναῖκας / gynaikas | பெண்கள் | High | 3 | Leave interpretively open (deaconesses question) exactly as the Greek does; do not commit to மனைவிகள். |
| Elder (age sense) / Elder (office sense) | πρεσβύτερος / presbyteros | வயது மூத்தவர் / மூப்பர் | High | 5 | Same Greek word carries both senses within one chapter; sense must be judged occurrence-by-occurrence, not defaulted. |
| Widow | χήρα / chēra | விதவை | High | 5 | Lexically unambiguous but socially loaded: significant Tamil/South Indian history of widow stigma and mistreatment (pre-reform-movement social practice). Passage’s dignity-affirming structure is a pastoral asset requiring active, not passive, framing. |
| Council of elders | πρεσβυτέριον / presbyterion | மூப்பர் குழு | Medium | 4 | Distinct from individual πρεσβύτερος (elder); an ordaining body. |
| Laying on of hands | ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν | கைகளை வைத்தல் | Medium | 4, 5 | Ordination/commissioning gesture; distinguish from folk ritual-touch practice in teaching notes. |
| Conscience | συνείδησις / syneidēsis | மனச்சாட்சி | Medium | 1, 3, 4 | Recurring Pastoral-Epistles keyword; low collision, but load-bearing across the whole book. |
| Church of God / God’s church | ἐκκλησία θεοῦ | கடவுளுடைய சபை | High | 3 | New “of God” compound; follows package convention (கடவுள், not தேவன்). |
| Church of the living God | ἐκκλησία θεοῦ ζῶντος | ஜீவனுள்ள கடவுளின் சபை | High | 3 | ”Living God” carries an implicit polemic against lifeless idol-images in a temple-dense religious landscape; state plainly, do not soften or sharpen unnecessarily. |
| Pillar and buttress of the truth | στῦλος καὶ ἑδραίωμα τῆς ἀληθείας | சத்தியத்தின் தூணும் அஸ்திபாரமும் | High | 3 | தூண் (pillar) evokes Tamil temple architecture (thousand-pillared halls); keep the CONTENT upheld (revealed truth) explicit in teaching material. |
| Mystery of godliness | τὸ τῆς εὐσεβείας μυστήριον | கடவுள்பக்தியின் இரகசியம் | Critical | 3 | Compounds two flagged terms (mystery + godliness); unpacked immediately by the Christ-hymn, not a separate esoteric teaching. |
| Manifested in the flesh | ἐφανερώθη ἐν σαρκί | மாம்சத்தில் வெளிப்பட்டார் | Critical | 3 | Direct incarnation statement; verb must not overlap with அவதரித்தார்-family avatar-descent vocabulary (forbidden per baseline incarnation doctrine). |
| Vindicated in the Spirit | ἐδικαιώθη ἐν πνεύματι | ஆவியில் நீதிமானாக்கப்பட்டார் | High | 3 | Same TM justification-compound applied to sinless Christ in a vindication sense, not a forgiveness-of-sin sense; teaching notes must state the nuance. |
| Taken up in glory (ascension) | ἀνελήμφθη ἐν δόξῃ | மகிமையில் ஏறெடுத்துக்கொள்ளப்பட்டார் | High | 3 | First formal ascension-doctrine entry in this Language Package; cross-reference Ephesians exaltation doctrine. |
| Deceitful spirits / teachings of demons | πνεύμασι πλάνοις καὶ διδασκαλίαις δαιμονίων | ஏமாற்றுகிற ஆவிகள் மற்றும் தீய ஆவிகளின் போதனைகள் | High | 4 | Use தீய ஆவிகள், not பேய்கள், to avoid mapping onto Tamil folk spirit-taxonomy (per Ephesians devil precedent). |
| Forbidding marriage / abstaining from foods | κωλυόντων γαμεῖν, ἀπέχεσθαι βρωμάτων | கலியாணத்தைத் தடைசெய்தல், உணவுகளிலிருந்து விலகுதல் | Medium-High | 4 | Direct parallel to Colossians freedom_from_legalism/rejection_of_asceticism; cross-reference established cautions. |
| Bodily training (limited value) | σωματικὴ γυμνασία | சரீர பயிற்சி | Medium-High | 4 | Keep visibly distinct from Colossians’ rejected சரீர ஒடுக்கம் (asceticism) — a different claim (some value) about a different practice (ordinary exercise). |
| Savior of all, especially believers | σωτὴρ πάντων ἀνθρώπων, μάλιστα πιστῶν | எல்லா மனிதருக்கும், விசேஷமாக விசுவாசிகளுக்கும் இரட்சகர் | Critical | 4 | Must hold universal common care and particular salvation together; neither universalize nor erase “of all people.” |
| Double honor | διπλῆς τιμῆς | இரட்டிப்பான மதிப்பு | Medium | 5 | Concrete financial-support dimension, not sentimental respect alone. |
| Elect angels | ἐκλεκτῶν ἀγγέλων | தெரிந்துகொள்ளப்பட்ட தூதர்கள் | Medium-High | 5 | Unusual application of election-vocabulary to angels; does not import angel-mediation (consistent with Colossians doctrine). |
| Keep yourself pure (chastity) | ἁγνὸν σεαυτὸν τήρει | உன்னைத் தூய்மையாய்க் காத்துக்கொள் | Medium | 5 | ἁγνός distinct from ἅγιος (holy) and from the already-rejected சுத்தம்; use தூய்மை to preserve the three-way Greek distinction. |
| Love of money is a root of evils | ῥίζα πάντων τῶν κακῶν ἡ φιλαργυρία | பணப்பிரியமே எல்லாத் தீமைகளுக்கும் வேராயிருக்கிறது | Critical | 3, 6 | Escalating money-theme (3:3 → 3:8 → 6:10); render “a root,” not an absolute “the [sole] root,” per the Greek’s own qualified sense. |
| Godliness as a means of gain | πορισμὸν εἶναι τὴν εὐσέβειαν | கடவுள்பக்தியை ஆதாய வழியாக நினைத்தல் | Critical | 6 | Names the abuse directly; cross-reference Philippians prosperity-gospel caution. |
| King of kings and Lord of lords | βασιλεὺς τῶν βασιλευόντων καὶ κύριος τῶν κυριευόντων | ராஜாதி ராஜாவும் கர்த்தாதி கர்த்தரும் | Critical | 6 | Absolute, exclusive supremacy; guard against henotheistic “greatest among many real lords” misreading (cf. Colossians supremacy_of_christ). |
| Immortality | ἀθανασία / athanasia | சாகாத்தன்மை / அழிவின்மை | Medium-High | 6 | Distinct Greek word from 1:17’s ἄφθαρτος (அழிவில்லாத); keep lexically distinguishable. |
| Unapproachable light | φῶς ἀπρόσιτον | நெருங்கமுடியாத ஒளி | Medium-High | 6 | Light-imagery collision with Tamil Shaiva light-theology (Shiva as ஒளி வடிவு); center teaching on “unapproachable,” not “light” alone. |
| Eternal life | αἰώνιος ζωή | நித்திய ஜீவன் | High | 6 | First formal Language Package entry for this pervasive concept; must stay distinct from மோட்சம்/முக்தி (forbidden per baseline salvation/heaven). |
| Man of God | ἄνθρωπε τοῦ θεοῦ | கடவுளுடைய மனுஷனே | Medium-High | 6 | OT prophetic-office title; use கடவுளுடைய (not தேவனுடைய) per package convention, departing from the historically dominant OV rendering. |
| Steadfastness | ὑπομονή | உறுதி / நிலைத்திருத்தல் | Medium | 6 | Virtue-list term; flag for cross-book consistency if pipeline extends further. |
| Confidence / boldness | παρρησία | மிகுந்த தைரியம் / மனத்துணிவு | Medium | 3 | Formal glossary addition; theological weight beyond ordinary “confidence.” |
| Trustworthy saying | πιστὸς ὁ λόγος | விசுவாசிக்கத்தக்க வார்த்தை | Low | 3 (also 1, 4) | Formulaic Pastoral-Epistles introduction; keep consistent across all five NT occurrences. |
| Above reproach | ἀνεπίλημπτος / ἀνέγκλητος | குற்றஞ்சாட்ட முடியாதவன் | Medium | 3 | Legal/reputational “no valid accusation,” not sinless perfection. |
| Not a recent convert | νεόφυτος / neophytos | புதிதாக நாற்றுபோல் நடப்பட்டவன் | Medium | 3 | Preserve the horticultural “newly planted sapling” image; positive, low-collision, vivid. |
| Not double-tongued | δίλογος / dilogos | இரட்டை நாக்குடையவன் அல்லாதவன் | Low | 3 | Natural existing Tamil idiom (இரு நாக்கு பேசுதல்); no collision. |
| Not greedy for dishonest gain | αἰσχροκερδής / aischrokerdēs | வெட்கமான ஆதாயத்தை விரும்பாதவன் | Medium | 3 | Distinct from φιλαργυρία (love of money); keep visibly separate root in Tamil. |
| Not a slanderer (of women/deacons’ wives) | μὴ διάβολος (adjectival) | அவதூறு பேசாதவர்கள் | Medium | 3 | Wordplay with διάβολος (the Devil); do not render with பிசாசு here — different sense. |
| Good standing | βαθμός / bathmos | நல்ல நிலை | Medium | 3 | Avoid clericalist “career-ladder” connotation; God-given honor, not upward mobility. |
| Apostasy / depart from the faith | ἀφίστημι / aphistēmi | விசுவாசத்தை விட்டு விலகுதல் | High | 4 | First formal apostasy entry; cross-reference if pipeline extends to later Pastorals/2 Timothy. |
Table 3 — Chapter Coverage Summary (Full-Book Confirmation)
| Chapter | New load-bearing vocabulary introduced? | Summary |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | Sound doctrine (health metaphor), myths/genealogies, conscience, God’s incommunicable attributes (ἄφθαρτος/immortal, ἀόρατος/invisible — reuses Colossians அதரிசனமான), wage the good warfare. |
| 2 | Yes | Godliness (flagship term), full prayer-vocabulary set, Mediator (elevated to Critical), ransom, authority/domineer, “saved through childbearing.” |
| 3 | Yes — core passage | Overseer and deacon qualifications (full verse-by-verse, Part 1 above); household of God, church of the living God, pillar and buttress of the truth, mystery of godliness, the Christ-hymn (manifested in the flesh / vindicated in the Spirit / taken up in glory). |
| 4 | Yes | Apostasy, deceitful spirits/demons, false asceticism (forbidding marriage, food-abstinence), bodily training vs. godliness, universal-and-particular Savior, spiritual gift (singular), laying on of hands, council of elders. |
| 5 | Yes | Elder (dual age/office sense), widow-care structure, “wife of one husband” mirror term, double honor, elect angels, purity (ἁγνός distinct from ἅγιος). |
| 6 | Yes | Slave/master ethics, contrary doctrine, disease-of-controversy metaphor (bookending ch. 1), godliness-as-gain abuse and its true form (reuses Philippians மனநிறைவு), love-of-money root-of-evils, King of kings/Lord of lords, immortality/unapproachable light, guard the deposit (flagship term), falsely-called knowledge (γνῶσις, kept distinct from Colossians’ ஞானம்). |
No chapter of 1 Timothy is without new load-bearing theological vocabulary; the whole book has been reviewed and is represented above.
Doctrine-to-Term Cross-Reference (Curriculum’s Eight Named Doctrines)
| Curriculum doctrine | Primary terms (this glossary) | Risk |
|---|---|---|
| Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching | ஆரோக்கியமான போதகம், வேறுவிதமாய் போதிக்கிறவன், கட்டுக்கதைகளும்…, பொய்யாக அறிவு என்று சொல்லப்படுகிற அறிவு | Critical/High |
| Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons) | கண்காணி, உதவிக்காரன், மூப்பர், ஒரே மனைவிக்குக் கணவன், குற்றஞ்சாட்ட முடியாதவன் | High |
| Christ as the One Mediator | மத்தியஸ்தன் (elevated to Critical), மீட்கும் விலை | Critical |
| Public Worship and Prayer | ஜெபங்கள்/வேண்டுதல்கள்/பரிந்துபேசுதல்கள்/ஸ்தோத்திரங்கள், அதிகாரம் செலுத்துதல், அமைதி | High |
| The Church as Pillar of Truth | கடவுளுடைய சபை, ஜீவனுள்ள கடவுள், சத்தியத்தின் தூணும் அஸ்திபாரமும் | High |
| Godliness and Contentment | கடவுள்பக்தி (flagship), மனநிறைவு | Critical |
| Care for Widows and the Household of Faith | விதவை, ஒரே கணவனுக்கு மனைவி, இரட்டிப்பான மதிப்பு | High |
| Guarding the Deposit of Faith | உன்னிடம் ஒப்படைக்கப்பட்டதைக் காத்துக்கொள் (flagship), பொய்யாக அறிவு… | Critical |
This glossary and its companion 07_semantic_analysis.md together satisfy PRD Phase 1 Step 1 for 1 Timothy: full six-chapter coverage, verse-by-verse treatment of the core passage (3:1-13), and exact reuse of every applicable baseline translation-memory term. All NEW Critical/High entries above must be formally added to translation_memory.json, bible_term_registry.json, and doctrine_risk_registry.json before Phase 2 segment translation begins.
Critical Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: கடவுள்
Transliteration: kadavul
Doctrine: God’s Incommunicable Attributes
Rejected alternatives: தேவன், பரமேஸ்வரன், பகவான்
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. This book’s monotheistic doxologies (1:17; 6:15-16) and the exclusivity claim of 2:5 (‘one God, one mediator’) make this the single most load-bearing recurrence of the God-word decision in the curriculum. NEVER தேவன்.
Jesus
Approved rendering: இயேசு
Transliteration: yesu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package.
Christ
Approved rendering: கிறிஸ்து
Transliteration: kiristhu
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package (promoted from Galatians).
Lord
Approved rendering: கர்த்தர்
Transliteration: karthar
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: எஜமான்
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Root of the closing 6:15 title ராஜாதி ராஜாவும் கர்த்தாதி கர்த்தரும் (King of kings and Lord of lords) — see that entry for the elevated Critical handling this book requires. எஜமான் is reserved for earthly ‘masters’ (6:1-2) and must stay lexically distinct from கர்த்தர்.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: பரிசுத்த ஆவியானவர்
Transliteration: Parisutha Aaviyanavar
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: பிரம்மம், பரமாத்மா
Original: πνεῦμα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Speaks of apostasy in the latter times (4:1) and vindicates Christ (3:16); the personal third Person of the Trinity, never an impersonal universal spirit.
Flesh
Approved rendering: மாம்சம்
Transliteration: maamsam
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: உடல், சரீரம்
Original: σάρξ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Galatians package. Christ’s real human nature, manifested visibly (3:16). See manifested_in_the_flesh for the full avatar-collision caution attached to this verse’s verb.
Justification
Approved rendering: நீதிமானாக்கப்படுதல்
Transliteration: neethimanaakkappaduthal
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: மன்னிப்பு பெறுதல்
Original: δικαιόω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. In 1 Timothy uniquely applied to Christ’s own vindication (3:16, ஆவியில் நீதிமானாக்கப்பட்டார்) rather than to a believing sinner — see vindicated_in_the_spirit for the required sense-disambiguation teaching note.
Salvation
Approved rendering: இரட்சிப்பு
Transliteration: iratchippu
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: மோட்சம், முக்தி
Original: σωτηρία / σῴζω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Never மோட்சம்/முக்தி. Reaffirmed throughout this book, notably at 2:15’s saved_through_childbearing and 4:10’s universal-and-particular Savior formula, both requiring mandatory theologian review.
Savior
Approved rendering: இரட்சகர்
Transliteration: iratchagar
Doctrine: Christ as Savior
Rejected alternatives: மீட்பர்
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Philippians package. Named of God and Christ Jesus in the letter’s opening (1:1) and in the universal-and-particular formula of 4:10. A personal rescuer-God, never a moksha-granting deity.
Mediator
Approved rendering: மத்தியஸ்தன்
Transliteration: mathiyasthan
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Original: μεσίτης
Category: Christ as the One Mediator
Inherited from Galatians package (established there at Medium risk for Moses as mediator of the law, 3:19-20). ELEVATED TO CRITICAL in this curriculum: 1 Timothy 2:5 (‘there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus’) is the positive doctrinal counterpart to the Colossians rejection of angel-worship, and the single highest-stakes verse in this book given Tamil religious practice’s structural pattern of approaching the divine through attendant deities, gurus, ritual specialists, or (in strands of Tamil folk Catholicism) saints and Mary. Must exclude every rival intermediary without exception.
Contentment
Approved rendering: மனநிறைவு
Transliteration: mananiraivu
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Rejected alternatives: பற்றின்மை, ஆசையின்மை
Original: αὐτάρκεια
Category: Godliness and Contentment
Inherited from Philippians package (established there at High risk, 4:11, αὐτάρκης). ELEVATED TO CRITICAL here: the same Greek noun-family (αὐτάρκεια, 6:6) is paired directly with the newly flagged கடவுள்பக்தி, compounding two Critical terms at the letter’s theological center. NEVER பற்றின்மை/ஆசையின்மை (vairāgya-style detachment/desirelessness) — the sufficiency is Christ-supplied within full engagement, not achieved by extinguishing desire.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: நீதி
Transliteration: neethi
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: தர்மம், புண்ணியம்
Inherited from Romans package. Named in the 6:11 virtue list Timothy is charged to pursue. Never தர்மம் — right standing/character before God, not a dharmic duty performed.
Godliness
Approved rendering: கடவுள்பக்தி
Transliteration: kadavul-bakthi
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Rejected alternatives: தேவபக்தி, பக்தி, இறைப்பற்று
Original: εὐσέβεια
Category: Godliness and Contentment
FLAGSHIP NEW COINAGE for this book. εὐσέβεια occurs roughly eight times (2:2; 3:16; 4:7-8; 6:3, 5-6, 11), this letter’s single most frequent theological keyword. Rejects the historically established Tamil O.V. rendering தேவபக்தி (reintroduces தேவன், a deva among the pantheon, at unacceptable frequency, directly undoing this package’s foundational God-word decision). Rejects bare பக்தி (loses God-directed specificity). Rejects இறைப்பற்று (பற்று carries an unwanted Buddhist/Jain-adjacent ‘attachment’ connotation). Builds on the package’s own established கடவுளுடைய compound convention (cf. household_of_god). Residual பக்தி-family collision with Tamil Shaiva/Vaishnava devotional theology is UNAVOIDABLE and must be managed pastorally (standing teaching-note template distinguishing sound-doctrine-shaped obedient reverence from ritual surrender or devotional technique), not eliminated lexically. Mandatory theologian review, every occurrence.
Mystery Of Godliness
Approved rendering: கடவுள்பக்தியின் இரகசியம்
Transliteration: kadavulbakthiyin irakasiyam
Doctrine: Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: τὸ τῆς εὐσεβείας μυστήριον
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
3:16 compounds two flagged terms (இரகசியம் + கடவுள்பக்தி). The revealed content of godliness, immediately unpacked by the six-line Christ-hymn that follows — must be taught as a single revealed unit, never as a separate guarded/esoteric doctrine, given Tamil religious culture’s strong esoteric-transmission patterns (guru-given secret initiation, Siddhar hidden doctrine).
Godliness As Means Of Gain
Approved rendering: கடவுள்பக்தியை ஆதாய வழியாக நினைத்தல்
Transliteration: kadavulbakthiyai aathaaya vazhiyaaga ninaithal
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: πορισμὸν εἶναι τὴν εὐσέβειαν
Category: Godliness and Contentment
6:5’s named abuse (πορισμὸν εἶναι τὴν εὐσέβειαν), reversed by 6:6’s true statement. Critical by inheritance from கடவுள்பக்தி; must be flagged in teaching material against prosperity-gospel misuse, cross-referenced with the Philippians caution against detaching 4:19’s supply-promise into a general prosperity guarantee.
Love Of Money Root Of Evils
Approved rendering: பணப்பிரியமே எல்லாத் தீமைகளுக்கும் வேராயிருக்கிறது
Transliteration: panappiriyame ellaath theemaikalukkum veraayirukkirathu
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: ῥίζα πάντων τῶν κακῶν ἡ φιλαργυρία
Category: Godliness and Contentment
6:10. Extremely high isolated-quotation frequency. Must render ‘A root’ (of the evils in view), never the KJV-style overclaiming absolute (‘THE [sole] root of ALL evil’). Reuses the பணப்பிரியன்/பணப்பிரியம் root established at 3:3 (overseer qualification) and 3:8 (deacon qualification, distinct from αἰσχροκερδής), so the letter’s escalating money-theme stays visible across all three occurrences. Mandatory theologian review given quotation frequency.
Saved Through Childbearing
Approved rendering: பிள்ளைப்பேறு மூலமாய் இரட்சிக்கப்படுவாள்
Transliteration: pillaipperu moolamaay iratchikkappaduvaal
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: σωθήσεται διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας
Category: Public Worship and Prayer
2:15, σωθήσεται διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας. Reuses இரட்சிக்கப்படுவாள் [root: salvation]. Risk: sounding like salvation is earned or conditioned on successful childbearing (contradicting salvation_by_grace_through_faith), compounded by residual Tamil social stigma toward childlessness. HARD RULE (modeled on the Philippians 2:12-13 precedent): 2:15a must NEVER be translated, quoted, or excerpted in a segment omitting 2:15b’s faith/love/holiness/self-control qualifier. Mandatory theologian review.
Manifested In The Flesh
Approved rendering: மாம்சத்தில் வெளிப்பட்டார்
Transliteration: maamsathil veliyppattaar
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: அவதரித்தார்
Original: ἐφανερώθη ἐν σαρκί
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
3:16, ἐφανερώθη ἐν σαρκί, the Christ-hymn’s opening line. Reuses மாம்சம் [flesh]. The verb வெளிப்பட்டார் must never overlap with அவதரித்தார்-family avatar-descent verbs (forbidden per baseline Incarnation doctrine). This compressed, creedal, hymn-form statement is the sharpest single avatar-collision clause in this Language Package, given Tamil Vaishnavism’s dasavatara devotion. Mandatory theologian review.
Savior Of All Especially Believers
Approved rendering: எல்லா மனிதருக்கும், விசேஷமாக விசுவாசிகளுக்கும் இரட்சகர்
Transliteration: ellaa manithaarukkum, visheshamaaga vishvasigalukkum iratchagar
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: σωτὴρ πάντων ἀνθρώπων, μάλιστα πιστῶν
Category: Christ as the One Mediator
4:10, σωτὴρ πάντων ἀνθρώπων, μάλιστα πιστῶν. Reuses இரட்சகர் [savior]. Genuinely double-edged: teaching material must hold both halves together, neither collapsing into universalism nor erasing God’s providential common care for unbelievers implied by ‘of all people.’ Mandatory theologian review.
King Of Kings Lord Of Lords
Approved rendering: ராஜாதி ராஜாவும் கர்த்தாதி கர்த்தரும்
Transliteration: raajaathi raajaavum karthaathi kartharum
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: ὁ βασιλεὺς τῶν βασιλευόντων καὶ κύριος τῶν κυριευόντων
Category: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
6:15, ὁ βασιλεὺς τῶν βασιλευόντων καὶ κύριος τῶν κυριευόντων. Reuses கர்த்தர் [lord] root. Must land as EXCLUSIVE supremacy over every possible rival authority, never ‘the greatest among many real lords/kings’ — a live henotheistic misreading risk given Tamil religious culture’s chosen-deity (இஷ்ட தெய்வம்) devotional pattern, directly parallel to the Colossians supremacy_of_christ caution. Mandatory theologian review.
Guard The Deposit
Approved rendering: உன்னிடம் ஒப்படைக்கப்பட்டதைக் காத்துக்கொள்
Transliteration: unnidam oppadaikkappattathaik kaathukkol
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: τὴν παραθήκην φύλαξον
Category: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
SECOND FLAGSHIP COINAGE. 6:20, τὴν παραθήκην φύλαξον. A legal-commercial deposit/trust metaphor (a valuable item left with a trustee, bound to return it intact); names the letter’s final converging concern directly. Preserve the commercial-trust image explicitly (ஒப்படைக்கப்பட்டது, ‘entrusted’) rather than a vague ‘protect the teaching’ — a LOW-collision, positively legible image via Tamil commercial vocabulary (cf. established அச்சாரம், earnest-money). Mandatory theologian review given its status as a named book doctrine.
Falsely Called Knowledge
Approved rendering: பொய்யாக அறிவு என்று சொல்லப்படுகிற அறிவு
Transliteration: poiyyaaga arivu endru sollappadukira arivu
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Rejected alternatives: ஞானம்
Original: ψευδώνυμος γνῶσις
Category: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
6:20, ψευδώνυμος γνῶσις — the term from which ‘Gnosticism’ derives its name. HARD RULE: MUST use அறிவு, NEVER ஞானம் (already reserved for σοφία in the Colossians package, wisdom). γνῶσις is a DIFFERENT Greek word from σοφία; conflating the two Tamil renderings would blur Colossians’ true, Christ-centered wisdom with this verse’s condemned false ‘knowledge.’ The ψευδώνυμος qualifier must carry its full ironic force. Mandatory theologian review with explicit cross-reference to the Colossians sufficiency_of_christ_against_hollow_philosophy doctrine.
High Risk Terms
Faith
Approved rendering: விசுவாசம்
Transliteration: vishvasam
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: பக்தி
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. In 1 Timothy also extends toward an objective body of apostolic belief (‘the faith’, 1:19; 3:9; 4:1; 6:12, 21) alongside its subjective trust sense. Never பக்தி.
Grace
Approved rendering: கிருபை
Transliteration: kirupai
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: புண்ணியம், ஊழ்வினை பலன்
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. This letter’s opening greeting (1:2) uniquely adds ஈலேயோஸ் (mercy) alongside grace and peace — the only Pauline letter-opening to do so.
Holy
Approved rendering: பரிசுத்தம்
Transliteration: parisutham
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: சுத்தம்
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Used of holy hands lifted in prayer (2:8). Must be kept distinct from ஆகனos/purity (5:22, rendered தூய்மை) so the letter’s two related-but-distinct purity words remain lexically separate.
Church
Approved rendering: சபை
Transliteration: sabai
Doctrine: Church as Pillar of Truth
Rejected alternatives: கோவில்
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
Inherited from Romans/Ephesians package. Risk elevated from the baseline’s Medium to High in this curriculum because 1 Timothy 3:14-15 gives ἐκκλησία its most concentrated identity-statement in the NT. Distinct from ஆலயம் (church building); never கோவில்.
Mystery
Approved rendering: இரகசியம்
Transliteration: irakasiyam
Doctrine: Church as Pillar of Truth
Rejected alternatives: மறைஞானம், மறைபொருள்
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
Inherited from Ephesians/Colossians package. A formerly hidden, now openly revealed truth — of the faith (3:9) and of godliness (3:16). Never மறைஞானம் (esoteric initiate-gnosis); this book’s central chapter concentrates this term at unusually high density.
Glory
Approved rendering: மகிமை
Transliteration: magimai
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Ascribed to God forever (1:17 doxology) and the sphere into which Christ was taken up (3:16); see taken_up_in_glory for the ascension-specific caution.
Overseers
Approved rendering: கண்காணி
Transliteration: kankaani
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Rejected alternatives: குரு, ஆயர், பூசாரி, அர்ச்சகர்
Inherited from Philippians package (established there at Medium risk, 1:1). ELEVATED TO HIGH in this curriculum: 1 Timothy 3:1-7, not Philippians 1:1, is where the office’s qualifications receive detailed, doctrinally load-bearing treatment (the core passage). Singular of established plural கண்காணிகள். Never குரு (guru-sishya master status) or பூசாரி/அர்ச்சகர் (temple-functionary vocabulary).
Deacons
Approved rendering: உதவிக்காரர்கள்
Transliteration: uthavikkaarargal
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Rejected alternatives: அடியார்
Inherited from Philippians package (established there at Medium risk, 1:1). ELEVATED TO HIGH: 1 Timothy 3:8-13 gives this office its detailed character qualification. Distinguish from ஊழியக்காரர் (Paul’s self-designation) and never அடியார் (the Shaiva devotee-servant title).
Devil
Approved rendering: பிசாசு
Transliteration: pisaasu
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare
Rejected alternatives: பேய்
Original: διάβολος
Category: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Inherited from Ephesians package. The personal, singular, defeated adversary whose judgment and snare threaten a proud or disgraced overseer (3:6-7), and behind deceitful teaching (4:1’s related δαιμόνια). Never conflated with the folk taxonomy of பேய்/முனி/மோகினி.
Election
Approved rendering: தெரிந்துகொள்ளுதல்
Transliteration: therinthu-kolluthal
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Rejected alternatives: தலைவிதி, ஊழ்வினை
Original: ἐκλεκτός / ἐκλογή
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Inherited from Romans package. In this book applied unusually to the elect angels (5:21) rather than human salvation — see elect_angels for the required non-speculative teaching note.
Slavery
Approved rendering: அடிமைத்தனம்
Transliteration: adimaithanam
Doctrine: Bondservants and Household Ethics
Original: δοῦλοι ὑπὸ ζυγόν
Category: Godliness and Contentment
Inherited from Galatians package. Applied to bondservants under the yoke (6:1-2). Inherits the baseline’s caution about caste- and bonded-labor-history resonance in Tamil Nadu; handle with dignity, never euphemize.
Confess
Approved rendering: அறிக்கை செய்தல்
Transliteration: arikkai seythal
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: ὁμολογέω
Category: Christology
Inherited from Philippians package. Applied to Christ Jesus’ own good confession before Pilate (6:13), held up as the model for Timothy’s confession. Keep verbatim-consistent with the established Romans 10:9 confession convention.
Gospel
Approved rendering: சுவிசேஷம்
Transliteration: suvisesham
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: நல்ல செய்தி
Inherited from Romans package. Named ‘the glorious gospel of the blessed God’ (1:11) entrusted to Paul; the positive standard against which sound doctrine is measured throughout the letter.
Sin
Approved rendering: பாவம்
Transliteration: paavam
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: தீவினை
Inherited from Romans package. Used of Paul’s own former state as ‘chief of sinners’ (1:15) and elsewhere (5:20, 5:22, 5:24). Never தீவினை (karmic bad action).
Law
Approved rendering: நியாயப்பிரமாணம்
Transliteration: niyayapramanam
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: தர்மம்
Inherited from Romans package. Discussed at 1:8-9 (‘the law is good, if one uses it lawfully’); the same word (νόμος) is used positively at ‘the law of Christ’ family elsewhere in the pipeline, but here refers to the Mosaic law. Never தர்மம்.
Hope
Approved rendering: நம்பிக்கை
Transliteration: nambikkai
Doctrine: Christ as Savior
Rejected alternatives: ஆசை
Inherited from Ephesians package. ‘Christ Jesus our hope’ (1:1); ‘the living God, who is the Savior of all people’ as the ground of hope (4:10); ‘hope set on God’ (6:17). Never ஆசை (wishful desire) — certainty grounded in God’s promise.
Good Works
Approved rendering: நற்கிரியைகள்
Transliteration: narkiriyaikal
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Rejected alternatives: புண்ணியம்
Inherited from Ephesians package. Recurs throughout 1 Timothy (2:10; 3:1’s ‘noble task’ cluster; 5:10, 5:25; 6:18 ‘rich in good works’). Fruit of grace and godliness, never a merit-accumulating puṇṇiyam category.
Ransom
Approved rendering: மீட்கும் விலை
Transliteration: meetkum vilai
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Original: ἀντίλυτρον
Category: Christ as the One Mediator
2:6, ἀντίλυτρον. Distinct from, but visibly related to, the established மீட்பு (redemption, Galatians ἐξαγοράζω), so a Tamil reader connects it to the wider redemption doctrine while preserving the ἀντί- prefix’s sharpened ‘in place of’ substitutionary sense. Directly load-bearing for the Mediator doctrine.
Exercise Authority
Approved rendering: அதிகாரம் செலுத்துதல்
Transliteration: athikaaram seluthuthal
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: αὐθεντεῖν
Category: Public Worship and Prayer
2:12, αὐθεντεῖν. One of the most contested lexical items in the NT (ranging from neutral ‘exercise authority’ to negative ‘domineer/usurp’). Deliberately rendered neutrally so the Tamil translation does not resolve, by word choice, a live complementarian/egalitarian interpretive question the Greek leaves open. Mandatory theologian review; Phase 2 translators must not let this word-choice pre-decide the debate.
Husband Of One Wife
Approved rendering: ஒரே மனைவிக்குக் கணவனாயிருக்கிறவன்
Transliteration: ore manaivikku kanavanaayirukkiravan
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:2 (and mirrored at 3:12), μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα. A fixed idiomatic qualifier genuinely disputed among interpreters (monogamy / marital fidelity / single-marriage). Render literally and openly; do not resolve the English-versions’ own interpretive disagreement by translation choice. Sharpened by Tamil family law’s historical recognition of polygamy in some pre-independence contexts. Mandatory theologian review for every occurrence (3:2, 3:12, and its mirror at 5:9).
Wife Of One Husband
Approved rendering: ஒரே கணவனுக்கு மனைவியாயிருந்தவள்
Transliteration: ore kanavanukku manaiviyaayirunthaval
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
Original: ἑνὸς ἀνδρὸς γυνή
Category: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
5:9, ἑνὸς ἀνδρὸς γυνή, the direct mirror of husband_of_one_wife applied to widows eligible for enrolled church support. Same interpretive ambiguity; render literally and openly, cross-referenced with 3:2/3:12 for consistency.
Women Deacons Context
Approved rendering: பெண்கள்
Transliteration: pengal
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Rejected alternatives: மனைவிகள்
Original: γυναῖκας
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:11, γυναῖκας. Grammatically ambiguous between deacons’ wives specifically, a distinct female-deacon office, or women generally — a genuinely disputed referent. Render openly as பெண்கள் (‘women’), NOT resolved toward மனைவிகள் (‘wives’). Mandatory theologian review.
Elder Office
Approved rendering: மூப்பர்
Transliteration: mooppar
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: πρεσβύτερος
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
5:17, 19, πρεσβύτερος in its office-sense, synonymous with the overseer of ch. 3. The SAME Greek word carries an ordinary age-sense (5:1-2) within the same chapter — a genuine ambiguity inherent to the Greek; judge sense-by-sense at each occurrence rather than defaulting to one rendering throughout the chapter.
Widow
Approved rendering: விதவை
Transliteration: vithavai
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
Original: χήρα
Category: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
The dominant subject of ch. 5 (5:3, 5, 16 ‘widows indeed’). Lexically unambiguous — the risk is SOCIAL/PASTORAL: Tamil/South Indian society carries a documented history of widow stigma and mistreatment (social exclusion, historical remarriage prohibition, enforced-austerity dress traditions) that the twentieth-century Self-Respect/Dravidian reform movements explicitly targeted. The passage’s dignity-affirming, structured provision is a genuine pastoral asset requiring teaching material to actively counter, not passively inherit, residual stigma. Flagged for both theologian and native-speaker review.
Church Of God
Approved rendering: கடவுளுடைய சபை
Transliteration: Kadavuludaiya sabai
Doctrine: Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: ἐκκλησία θεοῦ
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
3:5, ἐκκλησίας θεοῦ, invoked rhetorically as the proving-ground for which household management qualifies an overseer. New ‘of God’ compound following the package’s convention (கடவுள், never தேவன்).
Church Of The Living God
Approved rendering: ஜீவனுள்ள கடவுளின் சபை
Transliteration: jeevanulla kadavulin sabai
Doctrine: Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: ἐκκλησία θεοῦ ζῶντος
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
3:15, ἐκκλησία θεοῦ ζῶντος, echoing the recurring OT/NT polemical formula contrasting God’s aliveness with lifeless idols. Given Tamil Nadu’s temple-dense religious landscape and its tradition of consecrated deity-images (மூர்த்தி, விக்கிரகம்) experienced by worshippers as the living presence of the deity, this phrase carries a real implicit polemical edge. Render plainly and confidently, without softening or sharpening beyond the text. Mandatory theologian review.
Pillar And Buttress Of Truth
Approved rendering: சத்தியத்தின் தூணும் அஸ்திபாரமும்
Transliteration: sathiyathin thoonum asthiparamum
Doctrine: Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: στῦλος καὶ ἑδραίωμα τῆς ἀληθείας
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
3:15, στῦλος καὶ ἑδραίωμα τῆς ἀληθείας (ἑδραίωμα, NT hapax). தூண் evokes Tamil temple architecture’s celebrated pillared halls (ஆயிரங்கால் மண்டபம், Madurai/Srirangam). Teaching material must make the CONTENT upheld (revealed gospel truth) explicit so the image does not drift toward equating the church with a temple complex.
Vindicated In The Spirit
Approved rendering: ஆவியில் நீதிமானாக்கப்பட்டார்
Transliteration: aaviyil neethimanaakkappattaar
Doctrine: Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: ἐδικαιώθη ἐν πνεύματι
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
3:16, ἐδικαιώθη ἐν πνεύματι. Reuses the exact justification compound [நீதிமானாக்கப்படுதல்] applied here to the sinless Christ’s public vindication, NOT to forgiveness of sin. Teaching material must make this nuance explicit wherever this verse is taught. Theologian review required.
Taken Up In Glory
Approved rendering: மகிமையில் ஏறெடுத்துக்கொள்ளப்பட்டார்
Transliteration: magimaiyil eraeduthukkollappattaar
Doctrine: Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: ἀνελήμφθη ἐν δόξῃ
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
3:16, ἀνελήμφθη ἐν δόξῃ, the hymn’s closing line — the ascension. First formal ascension-doctrine entry in this Language Package. Reuses மகிமை [glory]. The verb must not suggest a temporary or repeatable heavenly visitation (guarding again against an avatar-adjacent reading) but a definitive, once-for-all bodily ascension. Cross-reference Ephesians’ exaltation_of_christ doctrine.
Deceitful Spirits Teachings Of Demons
Approved rendering: ஏமாற்றுகிற ஆவிகள் மற்றும் தீய ஆவிகளின் போதனைகள்
Transliteration: emaatrugira aavigal matrum theeya aavigalin bothanaigal
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: பேய்கள்
Original: πνεύματα πλάνα καὶ διδασκαλίαι δαιμονίων
Category: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
4:1, πνεύματα πλάνα καὶ διδασκαλίαι δαιμονίων. Following the established caution for devil, use தீய ஆவிகள் (‘evil spirits’), NEVER பேய்கள், to avoid mapping this NT category onto Tamil folk religion’s dense taxonomy of afflicting/haunting spirits (பேய், முனி, மோகினி) managed by amulets and exorcists. The doctrinal point — deception defeated by holding fast to revealed truth, not ritual counter-measures — must not collapse into folk exorcism categories.
Forbidding Marriage Food Abstinence
Approved rendering: கலியாணத்தைத் தடைசெய்தல், உணவுகளிலிருந்து விலகுதல்
Transliteration: kaliyaanathai thadaiseythal, unavugalilirunthu vilaguthal
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: κωλυόντων γαμεῖν, ἀπέχεσθαι βρωμάτων
Category: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
4:3, κωλυόντων γαμεῖν, ἀπέχεσθαι βρωμάτων. Directly parallel to the Colossians freedom_from_legalism/rejection_of_asceticism doctrines; the same ‘do not touch/taste’ purity-code sensitivity (and proximity to Tamil தீட்டு ritual-pollution categories) applies here — must be cross-referenced, not treated as an independent new caution.
Immortality
Approved rendering: சாகாத்தன்மை
Transliteration: saagaathanmai
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: ἀθανασία
Category: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
6:16, ἀθανασία (‘who alone has immortality’) — a distinct Greek word from 1:17’s ἄφθαρτος (imperishable). Keep lexically distinguishable in Tamil from அழிவில்லாத (imperishable) so readers comparing the two doxologies (1:17; 6:15-16) can see the letter uses two related-but-different Greek words.
Unapproachable Light
Approved rendering: நெருங்கமுடியாத ஒளி
Transliteration: nerungamudiyaatha oli
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: φῶς ἀπρόσιτον
Category: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
6:16, φῶς ἀπρόσιτον. Genuine light-imagery collision: Tamil Shaiva devotional theology makes extensive celebrated use of light-imagery for Shiva’s transcendent nature (ஒளி வடிவு, ‘form of light’). Teaching notes must center ‘unapproachable’ (inaccessibility apart from the Mediator, 2:5) as the interpretive core, not the ‘light’ half alone.
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: நித்திய ஜீவன்
Transliteration: niththiya jeevan
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Rejected alternatives: மோட்சம், முக்தி
Original: αἰώνιος ζωή
Category: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
6:12, 19, αἰώνιος ζωή, ‘take hold of.’ First formal Language Package entry for this pervasive NT concept. Must remain distinct from any liberation/moksha-adjacent vocabulary already forbidden in the baseline salvation and heaven entries: unending personal fellowship with the living God (echoing 3:15’s ζῶντος theme), never impersonal absorption into an eternal principle.
Man Of God
Approved rendering: கடவுளுடைய மனுஷனே
Transliteration: Kadavuludaiya manushane
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Rejected alternatives: தேவனுடைய மனுஷன்
Original: ἄνθρωπε τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
6:11, ἄνθρωπε τοῦ θεοῦ, an OT prophetic-office title (Moses, Elijah, Elisha) applied to Timothy. Departs deliberately from the historically dominant Tamil O.V. rendering தேவனுடைய மனுஷன் per this package’s established கடவுள்-based convention for ‘of God’ compounds. Flag for theologian review as a formal glossary decision; cross-reference every OT occurrence if this pipeline extends to those books.
Apostasy
Approved rendering: விசுவாசத்தை விட்டு விலகுவார்கள்
Transliteration: vishvasathai vittu vilaguvaarkal
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: ἀποστήσονταί τινες τῆς πίστεως
Category: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
4:1, ἀποστήσονταί τινες τῆς πίστεως. First formal apostasy entry in this Language Package. Reuses விசுவாசம் [faith] root. Flag for cross-reference with any later NT books in this pipeline treating apostasy/perseverance themes.
Invisible God
Approved rendering: அதரிசனமான
Transliteration: athariisanamaana
Doctrine: God’s Incommunicable Attributes
Original: ἀόρατος
Category: God
1:17, ἀόρατος, part of the doxology to ‘the King of ages, immortal, invisible, the only God.’ Direct reuse of the identical Greek concept already established for the Colossians image entry (அதரிசனமான கடவுளின் தற்சுரூபம்). God’s invisibility is precisely what makes Christ’s status as God’s image doctrinally significant, and precisely what a temple-idol religious landscape (where deity is represented visibly) makes worth stating explicitly.
Mystery Of The Faith
Approved rendering: விசுவாசத்தின் இரகசியம்
Transliteration: vishvasathin irakasiyam
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: τὸ μυστήριον τῆς πίστεως
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:9, τὸ μυστήριον τῆς πίστεως, held by deacons with a clear conscience. Reuses both இரகசியம் [mystery] and விசுவாசம் [faith]. Deacons hold this mystery openly, never as guarded secret knowledge.
Medium Risk Terms
Mercy
Approved rendering: இரக்கம்
Transliteration: irakkam
Doctrine: Love of God and Christ
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Ephesians package. Shown to Paul as the foremost of sinners (1:13, 16); keep distinct from கிருபை (grace) per the established baseline rule.
Peace
Approved rendering: சமாதானம்
Transliteration: samadhanam
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Part of the letter’s opening greeting (1:2); no new usage in this book beyond the established sense.
Household Of God
Approved rendering: கடவுளுடைய வீட்டார்
Transliteration: Kadavuludaiya veettaar
Doctrine: Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: οἴκος θεοῦ
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
Inherited from Ephesians package, exact form. Names the church’s family-shaped identity (3:15), directly anticipated by the household-management proving-ground of 3:4-5.
Gentleness
Approved rendering: சாந்தகுணம்
Transliteration: saanthaguNam
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: ἐπιεικής / πραϋπαθία
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Inherited from Philippians package (established for ἐπιεικές, 4:5). Reused for both ἐπιεικῆ (3:3) and the related but distinct πραϋπαθία (6:11) for consistency. Distinct from the forbidden சாந்தி (meditative/ritual tranquility register).
Submission
Approved rendering: கீழ்ப்படிதல்
Transliteration: keezhppadithal
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Rejected alternatives: அடிமைத்தனம்
Original: ὑποτάσσω / ὑποταγή
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Inherited from Ephesians package. Used of the overseer’s children (3:4) and of women’s manner of learning in worship (2:11). Keep the baseline’s caution about mutual, non-servile submission informing teaching notes: ordered family discipleship, not caste-adjacent servility.
Proven Character
Approved rendering: பரீட்சிக்கப்பட்ட(து)
Transliteration: pareetchikkappatta(thu)
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: δοκιμαζέσθωσαν
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Inherited from Philippians package (established there, 2:22, of Timothy). Reused for the deacon-testing requirement (3:10, δοκιμαζέσθωσαν) — a process of observed character-testing prior to appointment, not a ritual initiation test.
Yoke Of Slavery
Approved rendering: நுகம்
Transliteration: nugam
Doctrine: Bondservants and Household Ethics
Inherited from Galatians package (root நுகம், ox-yoke). Applied at 6:1’s ‘bondservants under the yoke’ (நுகத்தின்கீழ் இருக்கிற அடிமைகள்); vivid, familiar agrarian imagery.
Envy And Rivalry
Approved rendering: பொறாமையும் வாதமும்
Transliteration: poraamaiyum vaathamum
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: φθόνος καὶ ἔρις
Category: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Inherited from Philippians package. Part of the vice-list flowing from an unhealthy craving for controversy (6:4), among the fruits of false teaching.
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: ஆவிக்குரிய வரங்கள்
Transliteration: aavikkuriya varangal
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Rejected alternatives: வரம்
Inherited from Romans package. See spiritual_gift_singular for this book’s specific singular usage at 4:14.
Apostle
Approved rendering: அப்போஸ்தலன்
Transliteration: appostalan
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: குரு
Inherited from Romans package. Paul’s self-designation grounding his authority to charge Timothy (1:1). Never குரு.
Intercession
Approved rendering: பரிந்துபேசுதல்
Transliteration: parinthu-pesuthal
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Inherited from Romans package. One of the four prayer-words of 2:1 (ἐντεύξεις, பரிந்துபேசுதல்கள்), prayer on behalf of others including rulers.
Elder Age Sense
Approved rendering: வயது மூத்தவர்
Transliteration: vayathu moothavar
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
Original: πρεσβύτερος
Category: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
5:1-2, the ordinary age-sense of πρεσβύτερος — an older man or woman, treated with the gentleness owed a father or mother. Distinct occurrence-by-occurrence from elder_office within the same chapter.
Council Of Elders
Approved rendering: மூப்பர் குழு
Transliteration: mooppar kuzhu
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: πρεσβυτέριον
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
4:14, πρεσβυτέριον. The corporate ordaining body that laid hands on Timothy; distinct from the individual elder office of ch. 5.
Laying On Of Hands
Approved rendering: கைகளை வைத்தல்
Transliteration: kaikalai vaithal
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
4:14; cf. 5:22. An ordination/commissioning gesture; distinguish in teaching material from any folk-ritual touch-based healing or blessing practice, though the confusion risk is modest.
Conscience
Approved rendering: மனச்சாட்சி
Transliteration: manachchaatchi
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
συνείδησις, a recurring Pastoral-Epistles keyword (1:5, 1:19; 3:9; 4:2), literally ‘co-knowledge.’ Low-collision, established Tamil term; flagged as a formal glossary entry given its recurrence across the whole letter.
Bodily Training
Approved rendering: சரீர பயிற்சி
Transliteration: sareera payirchi
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: σωματικὴ γυμνασία
Category: Godliness and Contentment
4:8, σωματικὴ γυμνασία, assigned SOME limited value — a meaningfully different claim from Colossians 2:23’s flat ‘no value against the flesh’ verdict on ascetic சரீர ஒடுக்கம். Must be kept visibly distinct from that Colossians term (different phrase, different practice) so 1 Timothy 4:8 does not appear to contradict the Colossians asceticism doctrine in careless teaching material.
Double Honor
Approved rendering: இரட்டிப்பான மதிப்பு
Transliteration: irattippaana mathippu
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
Original: διπλῆς τιμῆς
Category: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
5:17, διπλῆς τιμῆς, for elders who rule and teach well. Combines social esteem with a concrete financial-support dimension (confirmed by the following wage-quotation) — must not be flattened to sentimental respect alone.
Elect Angels
Approved rendering: தெரிந்துகொள்ளப்பட்ட தூதர்கள்
Transliteration: therinthukollappatta thoothargal
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: ἐκλεκτῶν ἀγγέλων
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
5:21, ἐκλεκτῶν ἀγγέλων, invoked as solemn witnesses to Timothy’s charge regarding impartial elder discipline. Unusual application of election-vocabulary to angelic beings; flag as a theological curiosity requiring a careful, non-speculative teaching note. Does not import angel-mediation, consistent with the Colossians rejection_of_angel_worship doctrine.
Keep Yourself Pure
Approved rendering: உன்னைத் தூய்மையாய்க் காத்துக்கொள்
Transliteration: unnai thooymaiyaayk kaathukkol
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Rejected alternatives: சுத்தம், பரிசுத்தம்
Original: ἁγνὸν σεαυτὸν τήρει
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
5:22, ἁγνὸν σεαυτὸν τήρει, a distinct Greek word (ἁγνός) from ἅγιος (holy). Use தூய்மை (moral/personal-integrity purity), NOT சுத்தம் (already rejected for holy due to ritual-cleanliness connotations) and NOT பரிசுத்தம் (reserved for ἅγιος) — preserves the Greek’s three-way distinction.
Steadfastness
Approved rendering: உறுதி
Transliteration: uruthi
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
6:11, ὑπομονή, in the virtue list with righteousness, godliness, faith, love, gentleness. Distinct from πραϋπαθία (gentleness) in the same list; flag for cross-book consistency if this pipeline extends further into the NT.
Confidence Boldness
Approved rendering: மிகுந்த தைரியம்
Transliteration: migunthu thairiyam
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: παρρησία
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:13, παρρησία, great confidence/boldness gained by deacons who serve well. Real theological weight beyond ordinary ‘self-confidence’ elsewhere in the NT (confident access to God in prayer; bold gospel proclamation). Formal glossary addition; recommend consistency if this pipeline extends to Hebrews/Acts.
Above Reproach
Approved rendering: குற்றஞ்சாட்ட முடியாதவன்
Transliteration: kutranjaatta mudiyaathavan
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Rejected alternatives: குற்றமற்றவன்
Original: ἀνεπίλημπτος / ἀνέγκλητος
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:2, 3:10, ἀνεπίλημπτος/ἀνέγκλητος. A legal/reputational standard (‘no valid accusation can be laid hold of’), not sinless perfection. குற்றமற்றவன் (‘sinless’) overclaims and is rejected.
Not A Recent Convert
Approved rendering: புதிதாக விசுவாசத்தில் நாற்றுபோல் நடப்பட்டவன்
Transliteration: puthithaaga vishvasathil naatrupol nadappattavan
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Rejected alternatives: புதிய விசுவாசி
Original: μὴ νεόφυτος
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:6, μὴ νεόφυτον (‘not newly planted’), NT hapax. Preserve the horticultural sapling image explicitly rather than flattening to a bare ‘new believer’ — vivid, positively legible, and pastorally forceful in agrarian Tamil Nadu.
Good Testimony From Outsiders
Approved rendering: வெளியாரிடமிருந்தும் நல்ல சாட்சி
Transliteration: veliyaaridamirunthum nalla saatchi
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: μαρτυρίαν καλὴν ἀπὸ τῶν ἔξωθεν
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:7, μαρτυρίαν καλὴν ἀπὸ τῶν ἔξωθεν. A missional qualification requiring credibility with non-believers. Frame as a genuine evangelistic asset, consistent with this package’s positive framing of Tamil Nadu’s long, socially established Christian mission history.
Good Work Ministry
Approved rendering: நல்ல ஊழியம்
Transliteration: nalla oozhiyam
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Rejected alternatives: நல்ல வேலை
Original: καλὸν ἔργον
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:1, καλὸν ἔργον, the overseer’s ‘noble task’ itself. Recommend நல்ல ஊழியம் (reusing the established ஊழியம் root) over a bare கிரியை-based rendering, keeping this task-word distinct from the forbidden-adjacent கிரியை/karma-works cluster documented throughout the baseline.
Spiritual Gift Singular
Approved rendering: ஆவிக்குரிய வரம்
Transliteration: aavikkuriya varam
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: χάρισμα
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
4:14, χάρισμα singular, the specific enabling gift given to Timothy through prophecy and the laying on of hands. Singularized form of the established spiritual_gifts.
Imperishable
Approved rendering: அழிவில்லாத
Transliteration: azhivillaatha
Doctrine: God’s Incommunicable Attributes
Original: ἄφθαρτος
Category: God
1:17, ἄφθαρτος, God’s incorruptibility. Related to but distinct from ἀθανασία (deathlessness, immortality, 6:16); keep the two Tamil words lexically distinct so the two doxologies remain comparable.
Quietness
Approved rendering: அமைதி
Transliteration: amaithi
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: ἡσυχία
Category: Public Worship and Prayer
ἡσυχία, applied both to peaceable civic life (2:2) and to a manner of learning (2:11-12). The same Tamil word recurs in two different applications within the chapter; keep sense-appropriate but lexically consistent.
Prayer Vocabulary Set
Approved rendering: ஜெபங்கள், வேண்டுதல்கள், பரிந்துபேசுதல்கள், ஸ்தோத்திரங்கள்
Transliteration: jebangal, vendudalkal, parinthupesuthalkal, sthothirangal
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
2:1, προσευχαί, δεήσεις, ἐντεύξεις, εὐχαριστίαι. Four overlapping but distinguishable prayer-words. Reuses established பரிந்துபேசுதல் [intercession] and ஸ்தோத்திரம் [thanksgiving] exactly; ஜெபம் and வேண்டுதல் are new but low-risk, standard Tamil Christian prayer vocabulary. Direct access to God in Christ’s name, distinct from temple ritual petition (பூஜை) or transactional vow-offering (நேர்த்திக்கடன்) patterns.
Sober Minded
Approved rendering: மட்டுள்ள மனமுடையவன்
Transliteration: mattulla manamudaiyavan
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: νηφάλιος
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:2, 3:11, νηφάλιος. Clear-headed, level judgment, free from any intoxicant (literal or figurative) that would cloud discernment. Keep distinct from the separate ‘not a drunkard’ qualification (3:3).
Self Controlled
Approved rendering: தன்னடக்கமுள்ளவன்
Transliteration: thannadakkamullavan
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: σώφρων
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:2, σώφρων. Self-mastery, disciplined judgment as a leadership prerequisite. Must be distinguished in teaching notes from Colossians’ rejected சரீர ஒடுக்கம் (bodily-severity asceticism, 2:23) — a positive leadership virtue, not merit-generating austerity.
Able To Teach
Approved rendering: போதிக்கத் திறமையுள்ள
Transliteration: bothikka thiramaiyulla
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: διδακτικός
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:2, διδακτικός. The one structurally teaching-oriented qualification, linking directly to Sound Doctrine. Built on the established போதகர் [teacher] root.
Not A Drunkard
Approved rendering: மதுபான அடிமையல்லாதவன்
Transliteration: mathubaana adimaiyallaathavan
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: μὴ πάροινος
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:3, μὴ πάροινος. Frame pastorally, not as a culturally foreign imposition, given Tamil Nadu’s own active, socially significant temperance-and-prohibition history.
Dignified
Approved rendering: கண்ணியமுள்ளவர்கள்
Transliteration: kanniyamullavargal
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: σεμνός
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:8 (deacons), 3:11 (women), σεμνός. Distinguish in teaching notes from the Philippians virtue-list rendering கனமானவை (‘things honorable’, a category of thoughts) — here it describes a person’s demeanor.
Not A Slanderer
Approved rendering: அவதூறு பேசாதவர்கள்
Transliteration: avathooru pesaathavargal
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Rejected alternatives: பிசாசு
Original: μὴ διάβολος (adjectival)
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:11, μὴ διάβολος (adjectival). A deliberate wordplay with ὁ διάβολος (‘the Devil/Slanderer’, 3:6-7). Do NOT render with பிசாசு here — a different Tamil word is required because the functional sense, though etymologically related, is distinct.
Not Greedy For Dishonest Gain
Approved rendering: வெட்கமான ஆதாயத்தை விரும்பாதவன்
Transliteration: vetkamaana aathaayathai virumbaathavan
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: μὴ αἰσχροκερδής
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:8, μὴ αἰσχροκερδής, distinct from φιλαργυρία (love of money, 3:3/6:10). Keep visibly distinct from பணப்பிரியன் in Tamil, a nuance load-bearing for deacon accountability specifically (likely handling of charitable funds, cf. ch. 5).
Manage Household Well
Approved rendering: தன் வீட்டை நன்றாய் நடத்துகிறவன்
Transliteration: than veettai nandraay nadathukiravan
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: τοῦ ἰδίου οἴκου καλῶς προϊστάμενος
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:4-5, 3:12, τοῦ ἰδίου οἴκου καλῶς προϊστάμενος. Same verb root (προΐστημι) reused at 5:17 for elders who ‘rule well’ — keep the verb root consistent across both passages so the household-church analogy remains visible.
Puffed Up With Conceit
Approved rendering: இறுமாப்புக் கொண்டு
Transliteration: irumaappuk kondu
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: τυφωθεὶς
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:6, τυφωθεὶς, from a root meaning ‘smoke’ — pride as smoke obscuring clear sight. Teaching material may preserve this vivid image explicitly.
Good Standing
Approved rendering: நல்ல நிலை
Transliteration: nalla nilai
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: βαθμός
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:13, βαθμός, NT hapax, gained by deacons who serve well. Avoid a rendering suggesting institutional promotion/clericalism (a caste-like rank-ascent image); frame as God-given honor for faithful service, not upward mobility.
Low Risk Terms
True Companion
Approved rendering: உண்மையான
Transliteration: unmaiyaana
Doctrine: Ministry
Inherited from Philippians package (root of γνήσιε σύζυγε, 4:3). Reused for Timothy’s designation as Paul’s γνήσιος τέκνον, ‘genuine/true child’ (1:2) — உண்மையான பிள்ளை. Warm mentorship register.
Exhort
Approved rendering: உற்சாகப்படுத்துதல்
Transliteration: utchagappaduthuthal
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παράκλησις
Category: Ministry
Inherited from Romans package. Public exhortation, alongside the reading of Scripture and teaching (4:13).
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: ஸ்தோத்திரம்
Transliteration: sthothiram
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Inherited from Romans package. One of the four prayer-words of 2:1 (ஸ்தோத்திரங்கள்).
Trustworthy Saying
Approved rendering: விசுவாசிக்கத்தக்க வார்த்தை
Transliteration: vishvasikkathakka vaarthai
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: πιστὸς ὁ λόγος
Category: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
1:15; 3:1; 4:9, πιστὸς ὁ λόγος. A formulaic Pastoral-Epistles introduction certifying apostolic reliability. Reuses விசுவாசம் [faith] root; keep consistent across all occurrences in this letter and any future Pastoral Epistles in this pipeline (2 Timothy 2:11; Titus 3:8).
Hospitable
Approved rendering: அந்நியரை உபசரிக்கிறவன்
Transliteration: annniyarai upasarikkiravan
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: φιλόξενος
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:2, φιλόξενος, ‘stranger-loving.’ Genuine cultural asset: hospitality (விருந்தோம்பல்) is one of the most celebrated virtues in classical Tamil ethical literature (a whole chapter of the Thirukkural). No forbidden-term risk.
Not Violent
Approved rendering: அடிக்கிறவனல்லாதவன்
Transliteration: adikkiravanallaathavan
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: μὴ πλήκτης
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:3, μὴ πλήκτης. Straightforward negative qualification; no collision.
Not Quarrelsome
Approved rendering: சண்டையிடாதவன்
Transliteration: sandaiyidaathavan
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: ἄμαχος
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:3, ἄμαχος. Straightforward negative qualification; no collision.
Not Double Tongued
Approved rendering: இரட்டை நாக்குடையவர்கள் அல்லாதவர்கள்
Transliteration: irattai naakkudaiyavargal allaathavargal
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership
Original: μὴ δίλογος
Category: Qualifications for Church Leadership
3:8, μὴ δίλογος. Tamil already possesses a closely parallel idiom (இரு நாக்கு பேசுதல்/இரட்டை வேடம்); maps onto an existing, non-collision idiom with no adaptation needed.
Referenced passages