Core Glossary
Core Glossary: Jude (Koine Greek → Tamil)
Curriculum: Jude Core passage: Jude 1:3–23 Destination language: Tamil
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, drawn from every verse of Jude (the whole book is one chapter, 25 verses). Terms are grouped by status: Section A reuses baseline translation-memory entries exactly as recorded; Section B proposes new terms for this book, at the risk tier and with the rejected alternatives recorded for translation_memory.json ingestion. Risk tiers follow doctrine_risk_registry.json conventions (Critical / High / Medium / Low).
Section A — Reused Baseline Translation Memory Terms (verbatim, no deviation permitted)
| English gloss | Greek | Tamil (TM) | Risk | Verses in Jude | TM source doctrine |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | θεός | கடவுள் | Critical | 25 | God |
| Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | இயேசு | Critical | 1, 4, 5, 17, 21, 25 | Lordship of Christ |
| Christ | Χριστός | கிறிஸ்து | Critical | 1, 4, 17, 21, 25 | Messianic Promise |
| Lord | κύριος | கர்த்தர் | Critical | 4, 5(var), 9, 14, 17, 21, 25 | Lordship of Christ |
| Savior | σωτήρ | இரட்சகர் | Critical | 25 | Christ as Savior |
| Holy Spirit | πνεῦμα ἅγιον | பரிசுத்த ஆவியானவர் | Critical | 19, 20 | Personhood of the Holy Spirit |
| devil | διάβολος | பிசாசு | High | 9 | Spiritual Warfare |
| apostle(s) | ἀπόστολος | அப்போஸ்தலன் / அப்போஸ்தலர்கள் | Medium | 17 | Apostleship |
| faith | πίστις | விசுவாசம் | High | 3, 20 | Justification by Faith / Faith |
| saints | ἅγιοι | பரிசுத்தவான்கள் | High | 3 | Sainthood |
| holy (superlative) | ἁγιωτάτῃ | மகா பரிசுத்தமான | High | 20 | Sanctification |
| grace | χάρις | கிருபை | High | 4 | Grace |
| mercy | ἔλεος | இரக்கம் | Medium | 2, 21, 22, 23 | Love of God and Christ / Mercy |
| peace | εἰρήνη | சமாதானம் | Medium | 2 | Peace with God |
| love | ἀγάπη | அன்பு | Medium | 2, 12, 21 | Love of God and Christ |
| glory | δόξα | மகிமை | High | 8, 24, 25 | Deity of Christ |
| salvation / save | σωτηρία / σώζω | இரட்சிப்பு | Critical | 3, 23 | Salvation |
| flesh | σάρξ | மாம்சம் | Critical | 7, 8, 23 | Life by the Spirit / Sin |
| dominion (κυριότης) | κυριότης | கர்த்தத்துவம் | Medium | 8 | Victory over the Powers (Colossians) |
| authority | ἐξουσία | அதிகாரம் | Medium | 25 | Principalities and Powers |
| blameless | ἄμωμος | குற்றமற்ற | Medium-High | 24 | Blameless Witness (Philippians) |
| servant [of Christ] | δοῦλος | ஊழியக்காரன் | Medium | 1 | Church Leadership (Philippians) |
| called | κλητός | அழைக்கப்பட்ட | High | 1 | Divine Calling |
| angels | ἄγγελος | தேவதூதர்கள் | Medium | 6 | Spiritual Warfare (Ephesians/Colossians) |
| Amen | ἀμήν | ஆமென் | Low | 25 | (Transliteration standard) |
| Moses | Μωϋσῆς | மோசே | Low | 9 | (Transliteration standard) |
| James | Ἰάκωβος | யாக்கோபு | Low | 1 | (Transliteration standard) |
Section B — New Terms Proposed for This Book
| English gloss | Greek | Transliteration | Literal meaning | Tamil rendering | Risk | Rejected alternatives | Doctrinal note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| contend for | ἐπαγωνίζεσθαι | epagōnizesthai | struggle/fight upon | போராடுதல் (poraaduthal) | Critical | இறுக்கிப் பிடித்தல் (mere “hold fast,” too passive) | Contending for the Faith Once Delivered; must convey active struggle, not custodianship |
| once for all delivered | ἅπαξ παραδοθείσῃ | hapax paradotheisē | handed over a single, final time | ஒரேவேளையாய் ஒப்புக்கொடுக்கப்பட்ட (orevelaiyaay oppukkodukkappatta) | Critical | தொடர்ந்து வழங்கப்படும் (implying ongoing transmission) | Closed apostolic deposit; guard against guru-paramparā / Siddhar cumulative-revelation framing |
| keep / guard (position, self) | τηρέω | tēreō | keep watch over, preserve, maintain | காத்தல் / காத்துக்கொள்ளுதல் (kaathal / kaathukkolluthal) | Critical | பாதுகாத்தல் (reserved for φυλάσσω, v. 24, to preserve lexical distinction), வைத்திருத்தல் (too weak) | Book’s structural keyword; MUST be identical across vv. 1, 6 (×2), 13, 21 |
| guard (from stumbling) | φυλάσσω | phylassō | guard, protect, watch over | பாதுகாத்தல் (paathukaathal) | High | காத்தல் (reserved for τηρέω) | v. 24 doxology; related but lexically distinct from τηρέω |
| without stumbling | ἄπτωστος | aptōstos | not falling/tripping | இடறாதபடி (idaraadhapadi) | Medium | வீழாதபடி (acceptable alternative, less precise) | Kept by God doctrine, v. 24 |
| designated beforehand [for judgment] | προγεγραμμένοι | progegrammenoi | written/marked out in advance | முன்பே குறிக்கப்பட்ட (munbe kurikkappatta) | Critical | முன்குறித்தல் (FORBIDDEN — reserved exclusively for election-to-salvation doctrine, Ephesians package) | Must never be confused with predestination-to-adoption; this is foreordained certainty of judgment on the wicked |
| ungodly / ungodliness | ἀσεβής / ἀσέβεια | asebēs / asebeia | without reverence [for God] | அவபக்தியுள்ளோர் / அவபக்தி (avapakthiyulor / avapakthi) | High | பாவம்நிறைந்த (too generic, loses the specific “irreverence” sense) | Adjacent to rejected பக்தி (faith); negated form somewhat mitigates but requires teaching-note disambiguation; 6 occurrences total, 4 concentrated in v. 15 |
| sensuality / licentiousness | ἀσέλγεια | aselgeia | unrestrained moral excess | காமவிகாரம் (kaamavikaaram) | Critical | ஒழுக்கக்கேடு (acceptable secondary option, less vivid) | Grace-into-license doctrine; must not blur cause (grace) and effect (perversion) |
| Master/Sovereign [distinct from Lord] | δεσπότης | despotēs | absolute owner-master | ஆண்டவர் (aandavar) | Critical | எஜமான் (too low-register, ordinary household master); கர்த்தர் (reserved for κύριος) | Must remain lexically distinct from கர்த்தர் to preserve Jude’s two-title structure (v. 4; cf. v. 1’s δοῦλος) |
| judgment / verdict | κρίμα / κρίσις | krima / krisis | sentence, verdict | நியாயத்தீர்ப்பு (niyaayatheerppu) | High | தலைவிதி/ஊழ் (FORBIDDEN — fatalism/karma vocabulary) | Personal judicial verdict from a personal God, never impersonal karmic reckoning |
| domain / position [of angels] | ἀρχή | archē | proper rank/sphere of rule | ஸ்தானம் (sthaanam) | Medium-High | ஆதி (reserved for Colossians’ “beginning” sense of ἀρχή applied to Christ — must stay distinct) | v. 6; do not confuse with the Colossians ἀρχή/ஆதி Christological term |
| dwelling place | οἰκητήριον | oikētērion | habitation | வாசஸ்தலம் (vaasasthalam) | Low | — | v. 6 |
| eternal chains | δεσμοῖς ἀϊδίοις | desmois aïdiois | everlasting bonds | நித்திய சங்கிலிகள் (nithiya sangilikal) | Medium | — | v. 6; judgment on fallen angels |
| gloom / thick darkness | ζόφος | zophos | oppressive darkness | காரிருள் / அந்தகாரம் (kaarirul / anthakaaram) | Low-Medium | — | vv. 6, 13 |
| sexual immorality [intensive] | ἐκπορνεύω | ekporneuō | indulge in sexual immorality | வேசித்தனத்தில் ஈடுபடுதல் (vesithanathil eedupaduthal) | Medium | — | v. 7, Sodom/Gomorrah |
| strange/different flesh | σαρκὸς ἑτέρας | sarkos heteras | other/unnatural flesh | வேறு மாம்சம் (veru maamsam) | High | (none proposed; requires pastoral-sensitivity handling, not lexical substitution) | v. 7; historically-anchored referent, handle without sensationalizing or blunting |
| example | δεῖγμα | deigma | exhibit, sample | எடுத்துக்காட்டு (eduthukkaattu) | Low | — | v. 7 |
| eternal fire | πυρὸς αἰωνίου | pyros aiōniou | unending fire | நித்திய அக்கினி (nithiya akkini) | Medium | — | v. 7; keep unqualified, no purgatorial softening |
| dreamers [false visionaries] | ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι | enypniazomenoi | those dreaming | கனவு காண்பவர்கள் (kanavu kaanpavargal) | Medium | — | v. 8; self-deluded revelation claims, not legitimate prophecy |
| defile | μιαίνω | miainō | stain, pollute | கறைப்படுத்துதல் (karaippaduthal) | Low-Medium | — | v. 8 |
| reject / repudiate | ἀθετέω | atheteō | set aside, invalidate | புறக்கணித்தல் (purakkanithal) | Medium | — | v. 8 |
| blaspheme | βλασφημέω | blasphēmeō | slander, speak profanely against | தூஷணம் பேசுதல் (thooshanam pesuthal) | Medium-High | — | vv. 8, 10 |
| archangel | ἀρχάγγελος | archangelos | chief angel | பிரதான தூதன் (pirathaana thoothan) | Low-Medium | — | v. 9, Michael |
| dare / presume | τολμάω | tolmaō | be bold enough to | துணியாமல் (thuniyaamal, negated) | Low | — | v. 9 |
| rebuke | ἐπιτιμάω | epitimaō | reprove with authority | கடிந்துகொள்ளுதல் (kadinthukolluthal) | Low | — | v. 9 |
| unreasoning animals | ἄλογα ζῷα | aloga zōa | irrational creatures | அறிவில்லாத மிருகங்கள் (arivillaadha mirugangal) | Low | — | v. 10 |
| corrupt / destroy | φθείρω | phtheirō | ruin, corrupt | அழிவுக்கு உள்ளாகுதல் (azhivukku ullaaguthal) | Medium | — | v. 10 |
| woe | οὐαί | ouai | lamentation-interjection | ஐயோ (aiyo) | Low | — | v. 11 |
| error / delusion | πλάνη | planē | wandering from truth | பிழையான வழி (pizhaiyaana vazhi) | Medium | மயக்குதல் (reserved for Galatians’ bewitched term — distinct rhetorical function) | v. 11, Balaam |
| rebellion | ἀντιλογία | antilogia | contradiction, revolt | கலகம் (kalagam) | Medium | — | v. 11, Korah |
| wage / mercenary reward | μισθός | misthos | payment, reward | கூலி (kooli) | Medium | பலன் (avoid — karma-payoff register, per Galatians package precedent) | v. 11, Balaam |
| hidden reef / blemish | σπιλάς | spilas | reef (or: stain) | மறைந்த பாறைகள் (maraintha paaraikal) | Medium | கறைகள் (viable alternative reading, “stains” — record as alternative considered) | v. 12; genuine lexical ambiguity |
| shepherd [ironic, self-serving] | ποιμαίνω | poimainō | tend as shepherd | மேய்த்தல் (meiythal) | Medium | — | v. 12; inverts established மேய்ப்பர் (pastor) vocabulary |
| waterless clouds | νεφέλαι ἄνυδροι | nephelai anydroi | clouds without water | நீரில்லாத மேகங்கள் (neerillaadha megangal) | Low | — | v. 12 |
| fruitless [autumn] trees | δένδρα ἄκαρπα | dendra akarpa | barren trees | பழனற்ற மரங்கள் (pazhanatra marangal) | Low-Medium | — | v. 12; contrast with established “fruit of the Spirit” (ஆவியின் கனி) |
| wandering stars | ἀστέρες πλανῆται | asteres planētai | errant stars | அலையும் நட்சத்திரங்கள் (alaiyum natchathirangal) | Low | — | v. 13 |
| shame [self-exposing] | αἰσχύνη | aischynē | disgrace | வெட்கம் (vetkam) | Low | — | v. 13 |
| myriads [angelic host] | μυριάς | myrias | ten-thousands, vast host | ஆயிரக்கணக்கானோர் (aayirakkanakkaanor) | Low-Medium | — | v. 14 |
| convict / expose as guilty | ἐλέγχω | elenchō | prove guilty | குற்றவாளியாக நிரூபித்தல் (kutravaaliyaaga niroopithal) | Medium | — | v. 15 |
| harsh [words] | σκληρός | sklēros | hard, severe | கடினமான வார்த்தைகள் (kadinamaana vaarthaigal) | Low | — | v. 15 |
| grumbler | γογγυστής | gongystēs | complainer | முறுமுறுப்பவர்கள் (murumurupavargal) | Low | — | v. 16 |
| malcontent / fault-finder | μεμψίμοιρος | mempsimoiros | perpetually dissatisfied | குறை கூறுபவர்கள் (kurai koorupavargal) | Low | — | v. 16 |
| desire / craving | ἐπιθυμία | epithymia | lust, appetite | இச்சை (icchai) | Medium | — | vv. 16, 18; distinguish sharply from அன்பு |
| bombastic [words] | ὑπέρογκος | hyperogkos | swollen, grandiose | வீண்பெருமையான வார்த்தைகள் (veenperumaiyaana vaarthaigal) | Low-Medium | — | v. 16 |
| flattery for gain | θαυμάζοντες πρόσωπα…χάριν | thaumazontes prosōpa…charin | marveling at faces for advantage | ஆதாயத்திற்காக முகதாட்சிணியம் காட்டுதல் (aathaayathirkaaga mugathaatchinyam kaattuthal) | Medium | — | v. 16 |
| foretold | προειρημένων | proeirēmenōn | said beforehand | முன்பே சொல்லப்பட்ட (munbe sollappatta) | Low | — | v. 17 |
| scoffer / mocker | ἐμπαίκτης | empaiktēs | one who mocks | பரிகாசம் செய்பவர்கள் (parigaasam seyipavargal) | Low-Medium | — | v. 18 |
| last time | ἔσχατος χρόνος | eschatos chronos | final period | கடைசி காலம் (kadaisi kaalam) | Medium | யுகம் (FORBIDDEN — cyclical-age framing) | v. 18; linear eschatology only |
| cause divisions | ἀποδιορίζω | apodiorizō | mark off/separate factionally | பிரிவினை உண்டாக்குபவர்கள் (pirivinai undaakkupavargal) | Medium | — | v. 19 |
| worldly / soulish | ψυχικός | psychikos | of the natural soul, unspiritual | ஆத்தும இயல்புடையவர்கள் (aathuma iyalpudaiyavargal) | High | ஆத்மீகமற்ற (avoid — too close to Vedantic ஆத்மா register without the Christian ஆத்துமா distinction) | v. 19; must stay paired with “not having the Spirit” clause |
| build up [oneself] | ἐποικοδομέω | epoikodomeō | construct upon a foundation | கட்டியெழுப்புதல் (kattiyezhupputhal) | Low-Medium | — | v. 20 |
| wait for / await | προσδέχομαι | prosdechomai | expect, look forward to | எதிர்பார்த்துக் காத்திருத்தல் (ethirpaarthu kaathirukkuthal) | Medium | — | v. 21 |
| eternal life | ζωὴν αἰώνιον | zōēn aiōnion | unending life | நித்திய ஜீவன் (nithiya jeevan) | High | — | v. 21; goal-clause of “keep yourselves” |
| waver / doubt | διακρίνομαι | diakrinomai | be uncertain, vacillate | தடுமாறுகிறவர்கள் (thadumaarugiravargal) | High | சந்தேகப்படுதல் (viable alternative, more generic) | v. 22; core term for “Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering”; distinct from v. 9’s “dispute” sense of the same verb-family; textual variant (ἐλεᾶτε/ἐλέγχετε) requires footnote |
| snatch [rescue urgently] | ἁρπάζω | harpazō | seize, take by force | பறித்து இரட்சித்தல் (parithu iratchithal) | Medium | — | v. 23 |
| stained garment | ἐσπιλωμένον χιτῶνα | espilōmenon chitōna | defiled tunic | கறைபட்ட ஆடை (karaipatta aadai) | High | தீட்டுப்பட்ட ஆடை (FORBIDDEN — ritual-pollution/untouchability register) | v. 23; moral contamination requiring merciful rescue, never touch-exclusion logic |
| majesty | μεγαλωσύνη | megalōsynē | greatness | மகத்துவம் (magathuvam) | Low-Medium | — | v. 25, doxology |
| might / dominion [doxological] | κράτος | kratos | ruling power | வல்லமை (vallamai) | Medium | சக்தி (FORBIDDEN, per inherited power_of_god rule) | v. 25 |
| eternity formula | πρὸ παντὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος…εἰς πάντας τοὺς αἰῶνας | pro pantos tou aiōnos…eis pantas tous aiōnas | before all ages…unto all ages | எல்லாக் காலத்திற்கும் முன்னும்…என்றென்றைக்கும் (ellaakkaalathirkum munnum…endrendraikkum) | Medium | யுகம்-framing (FORBIDDEN) | v. 25; linear eternity only |
| proper name: Jude/Judas | Ἰούδας | Ioudas | — | யூதா (Yoothaa) | Low | — | v. 1; disambiguate from Judas Iscariot by context phrase, not spelling |
| proper name: Enoch | Ἑνώχ | Henōch | — | ஏனோக்கு (Enokku) | Low | — | v. 14 |
| proper name: Adam | Ἀδάμ | Adam | — | ஆதாம் (Aatham) | Low | — | v. 14 |
| proper name: Cain | Κάϊν | Kaïn | — | காயீன் (Kaayeen) | Low | — | v. 11 |
| proper name: Balaam | Βαλαάμ | Balaam | — | பிலயாம் (Pilayaam) | Low | — | v. 11 |
| proper name: Korah | Κόρε | Kore | — | கோராகு (Koraahu) | Low | — | v. 11 |
| proper name: Michael | Μιχαήλ | Michaēl | — | மிகாவேல் (Migaavel) | Low | — | v. 9 |
| proper name: Sodom, Gomorrah | Σόδομα, Γόμορρα | Sodoma, Gomorra | — | சோதோம், கொமோரா | Low | — | v. 7 |
Section C — Doctrine-to-Term Cross-Reference
| Curriculum doctrine | Primary Greek terms | Primary Tamil renderings | Highest risk tier |
|---|---|---|---|
| Contending for the Faith Once Delivered | ἐπαγωνίζεσθαι, ἅπαξ παραδοθείσῃ, πίστις | போராடுதல், ஒரேவேளையாய் ஒப்புக்கொடுக்கப்பட்ட, விசுவாசம் | Critical |
| Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | ἀσεβής/ἀσέβεια, κρίμα/κρίσις, δεσπότης-denial, ἀσέλγεια | அவபக்தியுள்ளோர், நியாயத்தீர்ப்பு, ஆண்டவர், காமவிகாரம் | Critical |
| OT Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom) | ἀπόλλυμι (v.5), τηρέω/ἀρχή/δεσμοῖς ἀϊδίοις (v.6), ἐκπορνεύω/σαρκὸς ἑτέρας (v.7), Κάϊν/Βαλαάμ/Κόρε (v.11) | அழித்தார், காத்துக்கொள்ளாத/ஸ்தானம்/நித்திய சங்கிலிகள், வேசித்தனம்/வேறு மாம்சம், காயீன்/பிலயாம்/கோராகு | Critical |
| Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering | ἐλεέω, διακρίνομαι, ἁρπάζω, ἐσπιλωμένον χιτῶνα | இரக்கம் காட்டுதல், தடுமாறுகிறவர்கள், பறித்து இரட்சித்தல், கறைபட்ட ஆடை | High |
| Kept by God and Presented Blameless | τηρέω (×4), φυλάσσω, ἄμωμος, ἀγαλλίασις | காத்தல் (all 4 occurrences identical), பாதுகாத்தல், குற்றமற்ற, மிகுந்த ஆனந்தம் | Critical |
| Doxology and God’s Preserving Power | δύναμαι, μόνος θεός, σωτήρ, δόξα/μεγαλωσύνη/κράτος/ἐξουσία | வல்லவராயிருக்கிற, மொனொ கடவுள், இரட்சகர், மகிமை/மகத்துவம்/வல்லமை/அதிகாரம் | Critical |
This glossary extends, and must be read together with, the baseline translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json. All Section A terms are enforced exactly as recorded in those files. All Section B terms are proposed additions pending Phase 2 theologian review and translation-memory version increment.
Critical Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: கடவுள்
Transliteration: kadavul
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: தேவன், பரமேஸ்வரன், பகவான்
CRITICAL, DISTINCT STRATEGY FROM OTHER LANGUAGES IN THIS PIPELINE: established Tamil Bible tradition uses தேவன் for ‘God,’ but தேவன் literally denotes ‘a deva’ — one deity among the Hindu pantheon. This Language Package uses கடவுள் instead, unambiguously monotheistic. NEVER பரமேஸ்வரன் or பகவான். Inherited from Romans package. In Jude, load-bearing in the doxology’s exclusive monotheistic affirmation ‘the only God, our Savior’ (1:25) and throughout as the personal God whose judgment, mercy, and preserving power the letter describes.
Jesus
Approved rendering: இயேசு
Transliteration: yesu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
CRITICAL: established Tamil Christian standard form since the earliest Tamil Bible translation work. Inherited from Romans package. Occurs in Jude 1:1, 1:4, 1:5 (textual variant), 1:17, 1:21, 1:25. Disambiguate Ἰούδας/யூதா the author (1:1) from Judas Iscariot by the accompanying ‘brother of James’ clause, never by altering this name.
Christ
Approved rendering: கிறிஸ்து
Transliteration: kiristhu
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Established Tamil Bible transliteration of Χριστός. Inherited from Romans package. Occurs in Jude 1:1, 1:4, 1:17, 1:21, 1:25, including the doxology’s mediatorial ‘through Jesus Christ our Lord.‘
Lord
Approved rendering: கர்த்தர்
Transliteration: karthar
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: எஜமான்
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Established Tamil Bible term since Ziegenbalg’s earliest translation. Must convey exclusive, supreme Lordship. Inherited from Romans package. In Jude 1:4, κύριος MUST remain lexically distinct from δεσπότης (rendered ஆண்டவர், see master_despotes below) so the letter’s deliberate two-title structure for Christ survives translation. Also occurs 1:5 (textual variant), 1:9, 1:14, 1:17, 1:21, 1:25.
Savior
Approved rendering: இரட்சகர்
Transliteration: iratchagar
Doctrine: Christ as Savior
Rejected alternatives: மீட்பர்
Personal rescuer-God, never a moksha-granting deity or liberation-guide. Inherited from Romans package (Philippians addition). In Jude 1:25, part of the doxology’s exclusive monotheistic ascription: ‘the only God, our Savior.‘
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: பரிசுத்த ஆவியானவர்
Transliteration: Parisutha Aaviyanavar
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: பிரம்மம், பரமாத்மா
CRITICAL: never பிரம்மம் or பரமாத்மா. The personal Holy Spirit, third Person of the Trinity. Inherited from Romans package. In Jude 1:19-20, the Spirit’s personal presence (or its absence in the ψυχικός/worldly false teachers) is the anthropological dividing line of the letter; must never drift toward an impersonal interior discipline.
Salvation
Approved rendering: இரட்சிப்பு
Transliteration: iratchippu
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: மோட்சம், முக்தி
CRITICAL: NEVER மோட்சம் or முக்தி. Inherited from Romans package. In Jude 1:3 (‘our common salvation,’ see common_salvation below) and 1:23 (‘save others, snatching them out of the fire,’ see snatch_rescue below).
Flesh
Approved rendering: மாம்சம்
Transliteration: maamsam
Doctrine: Life by the Spirit
Rejected alternatives: உடல், சரீரம்
Original: σάρξ
Category: Sin
One lexeme for all σάρξ senses; never a mere body-word (உடல்/சரீரம்), which would import body-soul dualism. Inherited from Romans package (Galatians addition). In Jude 1:7 (‘strange flesh,’ Sodom, see strange_flesh below), 1:8 (‘defile the flesh’), and 1:23 (‘the garment stained by the flesh,’ see stained_garment below).
Contend For The Faith
Approved rendering: போராடுதல்
Transliteration: poraaduthal
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Rejected alternatives: இறுக்கிப் பிடித்தல்
Original: ἐπαγωνίζεσθαι
Category: Faith
New in Jude curriculum (1:3, ἐπαγωνίζεσθαι, NT hapax). Must convey active, effortful struggle/contest, not passive custodianship. NEVER இறுக்கிப் பிடித்தல் (‘hold fast tightly’), which collapses active defense into mere preservation and loses the letter’s pastoral urgency. The letter’s thesis-verb.
Once For All Delivered
Approved rendering: ஒரேவேளையாய் ஒப்புக்கொடுக்கப்பட்ட
Transliteration: orevelaiyaay oppukkodukkappatta
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Rejected alternatives: தொடர்ந்து வழங்கப்படும்
Original: ἅπαξ παραδοθείσῃ
Category: Faith
New in Jude curriculum (1:3, ἅπαξ παραδοθείσῃ). The single greatest syncretism hazard in this book: Tamil religious culture is structurally comfortable with ongoing, cumulative revelation (guru-śiṣya paramparā; the Tamil Siddhar tradition’s progressively unveiled esoteric doctrine). This compound must convey unmistakable finality — a single, definitive, closed transmission — never ‘traditionally handed down’ in a way compatible with later authoritative additions. Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.
Designated Beforehand For Judgment
Approved rendering: முன்பே குறிக்கப்பட்ட
Transliteration: munbe kurikkappatta
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: முன்குறித்தல்
Original: προγεγραμμένοι
Category: Judgment
New in Jude curriculum (1:4, προγεγραμμένοι). CRITICAL: must NEVER be rendered முன்குறித்தல், which this pipeline reserves exclusively for the Ephesians package’s Critical-risk doctrine of election/predestination unto salvation and adoption — a loving plan for believers. This is a distinct doctrine: foreordained certainty of judgment on those who by their own choice prove to be what Scripture long ago described as condemned. Blurring the two either wrongly imports the false teachers into gracious election, or wrongly imports fatalism into the believer’s adoption doctrine. Mandatory theologian review.
Sensuality Licentiousness
Approved rendering: காமவிகாரம்
Transliteration: kaamavikaaram
Doctrine: Grace Perverted into License
Rejected alternatives: ஒழுக்கக்கேடு
Original: ἀσέλγεια
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (1:4, ἀσέλγεια). Unrestrained moral excess. The கிருபை-into-காமவிகாரம் transposition must be rendered so the PERVERSION is unmistakable: grace itself is not the source of the sin, but is being deliberately misused as its justification. Any softening reopens exactly the antinomian misreading of grace this pipeline has guarded against since the baseline Romans package. Mandatory theologian review.
Master Despotes
Approved rendering: ஆண்டவர்
Transliteration: aandavar
Doctrine: Denial of Christ’s Lordship and Mastery
Rejected alternatives: எஜமான், கர்த்தர்
Original: δεσπότης
Category: Christology
New in Jude curriculum (1:4, δεσπότης). Absolute sovereign owner-master, distinct from, though paired with, κύριος (கர்த்தர்). Must remain a lexically distinct Tamil word from கர்த்தர் to preserve Jude’s deliberate two-title structure and the slave/master-ownership dimension set up by 1:1’s δοῦλος. NEVER எஜமான் (too low-register, ordinary household master). Must not be read merely as a devotional honorific (as ஆண்டவர் is sometimes used in Tamil Catholic piety) but as the specific claim of absolute ownership under active denial. Mandatory theologian review.
Kept Guard Preserve
Approved rendering: காத்தல் / காத்துக்கொள்ளுதல்
Transliteration: kaathal / kaathukkolluthal
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Rejected alternatives: பாதுகாத்தல் (reserved for φυλάσσω), வைத்திருத்தல்
Original: τηρέω
Category: Sanctification
New in Jude curriculum. The letter’s single structural keyword (τηρέω), occurring at 1:1 (believers kept for Christ), 1:6 twice (angels did not keep their position; now kept in chains), 1:13 (darkness kept in reserve), and 1:21 (believers commanded to keep themselves). MUST use the identical Tamil verb root at every occurrence with zero stylistic variation, or the letter’s entire literary arc becomes invisible to the Tamil reader. Keep lexically distinct from பாதுகாத்தல் (φυλάσσω, v.24). Mandatory theologian review of the full arc as a single unit.
Keep Yourselves In Love
Approved rendering: உங்களை கடவுளுடைய அன்பில் காத்துக்கொள்ளுங்கள்
Transliteration: ungalai Kadavuludaiya anbil kaathukkollungal
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: ἑαυτοὺς…τηρήσατε (ἐν ἀγάπῃ θεοῦ)
Category: Sanctification
New in Jude curriculum (1:21). The imperative form of the book’s τηρέω keyword, uniquely directed at believers themselves. The doctrinal hinge of the whole doctrine: human responsibility (1:21) is framed by, and answered by, God’s prior keeping (1:1) and future guarding (1:24). MUST use the identical Tamil verb root காத்தல் (see kept_guard_preserve) as the other τηρέω occurrences. Mandatory theologian review.
Only God Savior
Approved rendering: ஒரே கடவுள்…இரட்சகர்
Transliteration: ore kadavul…iratchagar
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Original: μόνος θεός…σωτήρ
Category: God
New in Jude curriculum (1:25, μόνος θεός…σωτήρ). கடவுள் per the God-word decision (never தேவன்); இரட்சகர் reused from the Philippians package (personal rescuer-God, never a moksha-granting deity). The mediatorial ‘through Jesus Christ our Lord’ structure places Christ as the channel through whom glory is rendered to God — a Trinitarian-shaped doxology. Mandatory theologian review.
Called Kept Beloved
Approved rendering: அழைக்கப்பட்டு, அன்பு கூரப்பட்டு, இயேசு கிறிஸ்துவுக்காக காக்கப்பட்டவர்கள்
Transliteration: azhaikkappattu, anbu koorappattu, Yesu Kiristhuvukkaaga kaakkappattavargal
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: κλητοῖς…ἠγαπημένοις…τετηρημένοις
Category: Salvation
New in Jude curriculum (1:1, κλητοῖς…ἠγαπημένοις…τετηρημένοις). The letter’s opening threefold description of believers, establishing the FIRST occurrence of the τηρέω keyword (see kept_guard_preserve). Consistency of verb root (காத்தல்) with 1:6, 1:13, 1:21, and 1:24’s பாதுகாத்தல் is mandatory for the doctrine to remain visible.
High Risk Terms
Devil
Approved rendering: பிசாசு
Transliteration: pisaasu
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare
Rejected alternatives: பேய்
Original: διάβολος
Category: Spiritual Warfare
The one defeated personal adversary, never mapped onto the Tamil folk-spirit taxonomy (பேய்/முனி/மோகினி) managed by folk exorcists. Inherited from Romans package (Ephesians addition). In Jude 1:9, Michael the archangel’s restraint toward பிசாசு (‘The Lord rebuke you’) models restraint the false teachers utterly lack (1:8, 1:10).
Faith
Approved rendering: விசுவாசம்
Transliteration: vishvasam
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: பக்தி
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Personal trust in Christ; never பக்தி, the richly developed Tamil Shaiva/Vaishnava devotional-reverence category. Inherited from Romans package. In Jude 1:3, shifts to the OBJECTIVE sense — the body of apostolic doctrine entrusted to the church (‘the faith,’ fides quae creditur) rather than the act of personal trusting (fides qua creditur); Tamil convention uses விசுவாசம் for both senses, so context alone carries the shift. Recurs at 1:20 as ‘your most holy faith’ (see most_holy_faith below).
Saints
Approved rendering: பரிசுத்தவான்கள்
Transliteration: parisuthavankal
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: சாமியார், சித்தர்
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Applies to every ordinary believer, never a spiritually attained elite; NEVER சாமியார் or சித்தர் (the Tamil Siddhar adept-mystic tradition). Inherited from Romans package. In Jude 1:3, the whole believing community to whom the faith was entrusted.
Grace
Approved rendering: கிருபை
Transliteration: kirupai
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: புண்ணியம், ஊழ்வினை பலன்
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Unmerited favor apart from human merit; NEVER புண்ணியம் or ஊழ்வினை பலன். Inherited from Romans package. In Jude 1:4, the target of the false teachers’ deliberate PERVERSION into ஆசைவிகாரம் (see sensuality_licentiousness) — the doctrinal danger here is the opposite pole from merit-earning: கிருபை itself is not the source of the sin, but is being falsely invoked as its cover. Syntax must keep this abuse-not-cause direction unambiguous.
Glory
Approved rendering: மகிமை
Transliteration: magimai
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
God’s radiant honor and presence; established, low-ambiguity term. Inherited from Romans package. In Jude 1:8 (concrete plural, ‘glorious ones’ the false teachers blaspheme), 1:24 (believers presented blameless before his glory), and 1:25 (the doxology’s central ascription).
Called
Approved rendering: அழைக்கப்பட்ட
Transliteration: azhaikkappatta
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: அழைப்பு பெற்ற
Context-sensitive across senses; here the effectual-calling-to-salvation sense. Inherited from Romans package. In Jude 1:1, opening the letter’s threefold description of believers: ‘called, beloved in God the Father, and kept for Jesus Christ’ (see called_kept_beloved below).
Ungodly
Approved rendering: அவபக்தியுள்ளோர்
Transliteration: avapakthiyulor
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: பாவம்நிறைந்த
Original: ἀσεβής / ἀσέβεια
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (ἀσεβής/ἀσέβεια, 6 occurrences across 25 verses, 4 concentrated in 1:15). Built on the negating prefix அவ- + பக்தி, the same richly developed Tamil devotional-reverence term the baseline flags as unsuitable for πίστις. The negated compound mitigates but does not remove the collision: must consistently be read as ‘without reverence for the one true God,’ never as ‘without Hindu bhakti-devotion generally’ (the false teachers may be religiously active in other respects, cf. 1:16’s flattery and grandiose speech). A first-occurrence teaching note distinguishing this from the bhakti category is required. Mandatory theologian review.
Domain Position
Approved rendering: ஸ்தானம்
Transliteration: sthaanam
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Rejected alternatives: ஆதி
Original: ἀρχή
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New in Jude curriculum (1:6, ἀρχή in the sense of proper rank/sphere of rule). Do NOT render with ஆதி, which this pipeline reserves for the distinct Colossians 1:18 sense of ἀρχή applied to Christ as origin/beginning of the new creation. Using ஆதி here would falsely cross-link fallen angels’ domain to Christ’s supremacy title. Mandatory theologian review for cross-document consistency.
Strange Flesh
Approved rendering: வேறு மாம்சம்
Transliteration: veru maamsam
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: σαρκὸς ἑτέρας
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (1:7, σαρκὸς ἑτέρας). Requires pastoral-sensitivity handling rather than lexical softening: must not be rendered so vaguely that Jude’s typological point (Sodom as a direct type of the present false teachers, cf. 1:8) is lost, but also must not be sensationalized. Contemporary Tamil public discourse on sexuality is a live and sometimes contentious space; render the text’s own historical-narrative referent plainly. Mandatory human theologian and native-speaker calibration, not a fixed lexical substitution.
Blaspheme
Approved rendering: தூஷணம் பேசுதல்
Transliteration: thooshanam pesuthal
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: βλασφημέω
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (1:8, 1:10, βλασφημέω). The doctrinal point — the false teachers show reckless contempt toward realities an archangel would not presume to slander (1:9) — must survive translation as a contrast in restraint, not merely one item in a vice list.
Judgment Verdict
Approved rendering: நியாயத்தீர்ப்பு
Transliteration: niyaayatheerppu
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: தலைவிதி, ஊழ்
Original: κρίμα / κρίσις
Category: Judgment
New in Jude curriculum (κρίμα/κρίσις, recurring at 1:4, 1:6, 1:9, 1:15). Must consistently read as a personal, judicial verdict from a personal God, never an impersonal karmic reckoning. NEVER தலைவிதி or ஊழ்/ஊழ்வினை family fatalism vocabulary.
Enoch Prophesied
Approved rendering: ஏனோக்கு தீர்க்கதரிசனம் சொன்னார்
Transliteration: Enokku theerkkadharisanam sonnaar
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture and Use of Extra-Biblical Tradition
Original: Ἑνώχ…προεφήτευσεν
Category: Covenant
New in Jude curriculum (1:14-15, citing 1 Enoch 1:9). Jude’s inspired citation affirms the truth of this specific prophetic content without thereby granting 1 Enoch canonical status. This distinction must be handled as an accompanying translator/teaching note, never as a silent textual change or omission. Mandatory theologian review.
Worldly Soulish
Approved rendering: ஆத்தும இயல்புடையவர்கள்
Transliteration: aathuma iyalpudaiyavargal
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: ஆத்மீகமற்ற
Original: ψυχικός
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (1:19, ψυχικός). Built on ஆத்துமா, the established Tamil Christian term for ‘soul,’ distinct in spelling and register from Vedantic ஆத்மா though phonetically adjacent — requires a first-occurrence teaching note distinguishing ordinary Christian ‘soul’ vocabulary from the Vedantic Self/universal-consciousness category. MUST be kept tightly joined to its own explanatory tail, ‘not having the Spirit’ (πνεῦμα μὴ ἔχοντες), never left to stand as a free-floating anthropological category. Mandatory theologian review.
Most Holy Faith
Approved rendering: மகா பரிசுத்தமான விசுவாசம்
Transliteration: magaa parisuthamaana vishvasam
Doctrine: Prayer and Sanctification in the Spirit
New in Jude curriculum (1:20, πίστις modified by the superlative ἁγιωτάτῃ). Builds on the inherited faith (விசுவாசம்) and holy (பரிசுத்தம்) roots; the superlative form is unique to this verse in the letter and must retain the emphatic ‘most holy’ force, not be flattened to plain ‘holy faith.‘
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: நித்திய ஜீவன்
Transliteration: nithiya jeevan
Doctrine: Eschatological Judgment and the Coming of the Lord
Original: ζωὴν αἰώνιον
Category: Eschatology
New in Jude curriculum (1:21, ζωὴν αἰώνιον). Established Tamil Bible phrase, but High risk here given its doctrinal weight as the goal-clause of ‘keep yourselves… waiting for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ leading to eternal life’: must read as the fixed, certain future hope grounded in Christ’s mercy, not an uncertain aspiration or a station within an ongoing rebirth cycle.
Wavering Uncertain
Approved rendering: தடுமாறுகிறவர்கள்
Transliteration: thadumaarugiravargal
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Rejected alternatives: சந்தேகப்படுதல்
Original: διακρίνομαι (v.22)
Category: Salvation
New in Jude curriculum (1:22, διακρίνομαι, ‘waver/doubt’ sense). DISTINCT GLOSSARY ENTRY from dispute_contend_michael (1:9) — the same Greek verb-family carries an unrelated sense there (‘dispute/contend’). This is the doctrinal anchor for ‘Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering’: a category of person distinct from the hardened false teachers of 1:4-19 — the genuinely uncertain, not settled false doctrine being tolerated. Mandatory theologian review; the manuscript tradition for vv.22-23 is unstable and requires a translator’s footnote.
Stained Garment
Approved rendering: சரீரத்தால் கறைபட்ட ஆடை
Transliteration: sareerathaal karaipatta aadai
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Rejected alternatives: தீட்டுப்பட்ட ஆடை
Original: ἐσπιλωμένον χιτῶνα
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (1:23, ἐσπιλωμένον χιτῶνα). Rendered with கறை (‘stain/defilement’) rather than தீட்டு (ritual pollution), since this pipeline’s Colossians package already flags தீட்டு-adjacent vocabulary as carrying live touch-exclusion/untouchability resonance in the Tamil social context. The image must convey moral contamination requiring careful, mercy-driven rescue of the person — NEVER social avoidance or shunning of the person; only urgent hatred of the sin’s contaminating power. Mandatory theologian and native-speaker review.
Guard From Stumbling
Approved rendering: பாதுகாத்தல்
Transliteration: paathukaathal
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Rejected alternatives: காத்தல் (reserved for τηρέω)
Original: φυλάσσω
Category: Sanctification
New in Jude curriculum (1:24, φυλάσσω). Near-synonym of τηρέω but a distinct Greek verb; used in the doxology of God’s active, protective guarding against the specific danger of stumbling. Rendered with a related but lexically distinct Tamil verb from காத்தல் (see kept_guard_preserve), so Jude’s own lexical variation between ‘keep’ and ‘guard’ remains visible while both are taught as serving one doctrine.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: அப்போஸ்தலன்
Transliteration: appostalan
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: குரு
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Never குரு, which flattens apostolic authority into a generic spiritual-teacher role. Inherited from Romans package. In Jude 1:17, plural அப்போஸ்தலர்கள் — the apostles whose earlier foretelling of end-time scoffers Jude now recalls, reinforcing the ‘already delivered, already foretold’ theme of 1:3 and 1:5.
Mercy
Approved rendering: இரக்கம்
Transliteration: irakkam
Doctrine: Love of God and Christ
Keep distinct from கிருபை (grace); do not collapse the pair. Inherited from Romans package (Ephesians addition). In Jude 1:2 (salutation blessing), 1:21 (Christ’s future mercy at his return, an eschatological sense), 1:22-23 (believers’ differentiated mercy toward the wavering and the endangered).
Peace
Approved rendering: சமாதானம்
Transliteration: samadhanam
Doctrine: Peace with God
Relational peace with God, not merely psychological calm. Inherited from Romans package. In Jude 1:2, part of the letter’s opening trinity-of-blessing salutation (mercy, peace, love).
Love
Approved rendering: அன்பு
Transliteration: anbu
Doctrine: Liberty, Not License
Rejected alternatives: பக்தி, காதல்
Self-giving love; never பக்தி (wrong direction) or காதல் (romantic). Inherited from Romans package. In Jude 1:2 (salutation), 1:12 (concrete plural ἀγάπαι, ‘love-feasts,’ see love_feasts below), and 1:21 (believers commanded to ‘keep yourselves in the love of God’).
Servants Of Christ
Approved rendering: கிறிஸ்து இயேசுவின் ஊழியக்காரர்
Transliteration: Kiristhu Yesuvin oozhiyakkaarar
Doctrine: Church Leadership
Rejected alternatives: அடியார்
NEVER அடியார் (the Shaiva devotee-servant title). Inherited from Romans package (Philippians addition), plural form. In Jude, the singular form ஊழியக்காரன் is used at 1:1 for Jude’s own self-designation (see servant_of_christ_jude below); the deliberate asymmetry against 1:4’s false teachers, who deny their own Master, must remain visible.
Crept In Unnoticed
Approved rendering: மறைவாக நுழைந்துகொண்ட
Transliteration: maraivaaga nuzhainthukonda
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: παρεισέδυσαν
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (1:4, παρεισέδυσαν, NT hapax). Must read as covert entry into the professing Christian community by internal, professing insiders, never a description of a rival outside religion or a caste/community outsider.
Destroyed Unbelievers
Approved rendering: அழித்தார்
Transliteration: azhithaar
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: ἀπώλεσεν
Category: Judgment
New in Jude curriculum (1:5, ἀπώλεσεν). God’s decisive act destroying the unbelieving wilderness generation. Must read as historical, linear judgment on real unbelief, never a cyclical karmic outcome.
Angels
Approved rendering: தேவதூதர்கள்
Transliteration: devathootharkal
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: ἄγγελος
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New standalone entry for Jude, root reused from the Ephesians/Colossians packages’ worship_of_angels vocabulary. Must not be mapped onto local guardian-deity categories (காவல் தெய்வம், குலதெய்வம்) or the village spirit-taxonomy. In Jude 1:6, the fallen angels who did not keep their own position.
Eternal Chains
Approved rendering: நித்திய சங்கிலிகள்
Transliteration: nithiya sangilikal
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: δεσμοῖς ἀϊδίοις
Category: Judgment
New in Jude curriculum (1:6, δεσμοῖς ἀϊδίοις). Keep the eternality unqualified; the letter’s paradigm case for judgment on ungodly beings.
Sexual Immorality Intensive
Approved rendering: வேசித்தனத்தில் ஈடுபடுதல்
Transliteration: vesithanathil eedupaduthal
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: ἐκπορνεύω
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (1:7, ἐκπορνεύω, NT hapax intensive form). Uses வேசித்தனம், the established Tamil Bible term for the πορνεία word-family, applied to Sodom and Gomorrah as the OT type for the false teachers’ own conduct (1:8).
Eternal Fire
Approved rendering: நித்திய அக்கினி
Transliteration: nithiya akkini
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: πυρὸς αἰωνίου
Category: Judgment
New in Jude curriculum (1:7, πυρὸς αἰωνίου). Established Tamil Bible phrase (cf. Matthew 25:41). Keep unqualified; avoid any purgatorial-remediation or temporary-punishment softening.
Dreamers False Visionaries
Approved rendering: கனவு காண்பவர்கள்
Transliteration: kanavu kaanpavargal
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (1:8, ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι). Must convey self-deluded false-revelation claims, not legitimate prophetic dream-visions — the reverse caution to the Ephesians package’s warning about generic ‘vision/dream’ register for ἀποκάλυψις.
Defile
Approved rendering: கறைப்படுத்துதல்
Transliteration: karaippaduthal
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: μιαίνω
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (1:8, μιαίνω). Moral-defilement vocabulary, distinct from ritual-purity terminology.
Reject Repudiate Authority
Approved rendering: புறக்கணித்தல்
Transliteration: purakkanithal
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἀθετέω
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (1:8, ἀθετέω). Standard rejection vocabulary; low collision risk with established religious categories.
Dominion Kyriotes
Approved rendering: கர்த்தத்துவம்
Transliteration: karthathuvam
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: κυριότης
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New standalone entry for Jude (1:8, κυριότης); root reused exactly from the Colossians package’s ‘thrones, dominions, rulers, authorities’ compound (சிங்காசனங்கள், கர்த்தத்துவங்கள், துரைத்தனங்கள், அதிகாரங்கள்). Abstract quality of lordship/dominion, distinct from κύριος itself.
Dispute Contend Michael
Approved rendering: துணிந்து வாதிடுதல்
Transliteration: thuninthu vaathiduthal
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and Restraint before Evil
Original: διακρίνομαι / διαλέγομαι
Category: Judgment
New in Jude curriculum (1:9, διακρίνομαι/διαλέγομαι, ‘dispute/contend’ sense). DISTINCT GLOSSARY ENTRY from wavering_uncertain (1:22) — the same Greek verb-family carries an unrelated sense there (‘waver/doubt’). Translators and automated lookups must never conflate the two; this is the book’s principal within-text homonym trap.
Corrupt Self Destruction
Approved rendering: அழிவுக்கு உள்ளாகுதல்
Transliteration: azhivukku ullaaguthal
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: φθείρω
Category: Judgment
New in Jude curriculum (1:10, φθείρω). Must read as the false teachers’ own self-corruption resulting from arrogant contempt paired with animal-like appetite indulgence, not a separate external punishment.
Error Delusion
Approved rendering: பிழையான வழி
Transliteration: pizhaiyaana vazhi
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Rejected alternatives: மயக்குதல்
Original: πλάνη
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (1:11, πλάνη, Balaam’s error). Distinguish from the Galatians package’s மயக்குதல் (‘bewitched,’ 3:1) — a different Greek word for a different rhetorical purpose (Paul’s rhetorical rebuke vs. Jude’s naming of actual moral/doctrinal deviation).
Rebellion Korah
Approved rendering: கலகம்
Transliteration: kalagam
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: ἀντιλογία
Category: Judgment
New in Jude curriculum (1:11, ἀντιλογία). Korah’s rebellion against Moses’ God-given authority (Numbers 16); must read as rebellion against divinely appointed authority.
Mercenary Wage
Approved rendering: கூலி
Transliteration: kooli
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Rejected alternatives: பலன்
Original: μισθός
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (1:11, μισθός, Balaam’s mercenary motive). Rendered கூலி (ordinary wage/payment) rather than பலன், which this pipeline’s Galatians package already rejected for ‘fruit of the Spirit’ precisely because of its karma-payoff register (வினைப்பயன்); the same caution applies here.
Hidden Reef Blemish
Approved rendering: மறைந்த பாறைகள்
Transliteration: maraintha paaraikal
Doctrine: Corrupted Fellowship and Church Division
Rejected alternatives: கறைகள் (viable alternative reading, ‘stains’ — record as alternative considered)
Original: σπιλάς
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (1:12, σπιλάς, NT hapax with genuine lexical ambiguity between ‘hidden reef’ and ‘stain’). The reef-sense is contextually favored by the following maritime imagery (1:13) and is the primary rendering; record the stains-sense as an alternative for teaching material.
Shepherd Self Serving
Approved rendering: மேய்த்தல்
Transliteration: meiythal
Doctrine: Corrupted Fellowship and Church Division
Original: ποιμαίνω
Category: Church
New in Jude curriculum (1:12, ποιμαίνω, ironic). Cognate with the established மேய்ப்பர் (pastor, Ephesians package); the irony is doctrinally pointed — a direct inversion of the legitimate pastoral office already established in this pipeline’s vocabulary — and this root should be reused deliberately (not avoided) so the inversion remains visible in Tamil exactly as it is in Greek.
Wandering Stars Darkness Reserved
Approved rendering: காத்து வைக்கப்பட்ட காரிருள்
Transliteration: kaathu vaikkappatta kaarirul
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: ἀστέρες πλανῆται / τετήρηται
Category: Judgment
New in Jude curriculum (1:13, ἀστέρες πλανῆται / τετήρηται). The THIRD occurrence of τηρέω, here describing a fate reserved for people rather than the people themselves being kept. MUST use the same Tamil verb root (காத்தல் family, see kept_guard_preserve) as 1:1, 1:6, and 1:21.
Lord Comes With Holy Myriads
Approved rendering: பரிசுத்த ஆயிரக்கணக்கானோருடன் கர்த்தர் வருதல்
Transliteration: parisutha aayirakkanakkaanorudan karthar varuthal
Doctrine: Eschatological Judgment and the Coming of the Lord
Original: ἦλθεν κύριος ἐν ἁγίαις μυριάσιν αὐτοῦ
Category: Eschatology
New in Jude curriculum (1:14, quoted from the Enoch prophecy). Linear, historical/eschatological coming, not a cyclical cosmic-age event; μυριάς rendered as a vast, innumerable host rather than an exact numeral.
Convict Expose Guilty
Approved rendering: குற்றவாளியாக நிரூபித்தல்
Transliteration: kutravaaliyaaga niroopithal
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἐλέγχω
Category: Judgment
New in Jude curriculum (1:15, ἐλέγχω). Standard judicial-exposure vocabulary; must remain a personal verdict from a personal God per the same caution applied to κρίσις/κρίμα.
Desire Lust
Approved rendering: இச்சை
Transliteration: icchai
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἐπιθυμία
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (1:16, 1:18, ἐπιθυμία). Must be kept distinct from அன்பு (established love-vocabulary); இச்சை conveys self-serving appetite, the opposite of the self-giving love the letter commends at 1:2, 1:21.
Bombastic Words Flattery
Approved rendering: வீண்பெருமையான வார்த்தைகளும் ஆதாயத்திற்காக முகதாட்சிணியமும்
Transliteration: veenperumaiyaana vaarthaigalum aathaayathirkaaga mugathaatchinyamum
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ὑπέρογκος / θαυμάζοντες πρόσωπα…χάριν
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (1:16, ὑπέρογκος / θαυμάζοντες πρόσωπα…χάριν). Bombastic-words compound builds on the established Philippians-package வீண்பெருமை (empty conceit) root; the flattery idiom uses முகதாட்சிணியம், the established Tamil Bible idiom for partiality (προσωπολημψία-family).
Apostles Foretold
Approved rendering: முன்பே சொல்லப்பட்ட
Transliteration: munbe sollappatta
Doctrine: Eschatological Judgment and the Coming of the Lord
Original: ἀπόστολος (προειρημένων)
Category: Church
New in Jude curriculum (1:17, προειρημένων). Reinforces the ‘already delivered, already known’ theme of 1:3 and 1:5; paired with the inherited apostle term for ἀπόστολος.
Scoffer Mocker
Approved rendering: பரிகாசம் செய்பவர்கள்
Transliteration: parigaasam seyipavargal
Doctrine: Eschatological Judgment and the Coming of the Lord
Original: ἐμπαίκτης
Category: Judgment
New in Jude curriculum (1:18, ἐμπαίκτης). Standard mockery vocabulary; connects to the ἀσεβ- (ungodly) word-family via its qualifying phrase ‘following their own ungodly desires.‘
Last Time
Approved rendering: கடைசி காலம்
Transliteration: kadaisi kaalam
Doctrine: Eschatological Judgment and the Coming of the Lord
Rejected alternatives: யுகம்
Original: ἔσχατος χρόνος
Category: Eschatology
New in Jude curriculum (1:18, ἔσχατος χρόνος). Must read as linear historical eschatology — a fixed approaching consummation — never a cyclical yuga-turn framework. NEVER யுகம்-based renderings, per this pipeline’s consistent caution.
Cause Divisions
Approved rendering: பிரிவினை உண்டாக்குபவர்கள்
Transliteration: pirivinai undaakkupavargal
Doctrine: Corrupted Fellowship and Church Division
Original: ἀποδιορίζω
Category: Church
New in Jude curriculum (1:19, ἀποδιορίζω, NT hapax). Connects to the corrupted-fellowship theme already present at 1:12’s love-feast infiltration.
Praying In The Spirit
Approved rendering: பரிசுத்த ஆவியானவரில் ஜெபம் செய்தல்
Transliteration: Parisutha Aaviyanavaril jebam seithal
Doctrine: Prayer and Sanctification in the Spirit
Original: προσευχόμενοι ἐν πνεύματι ἁγίῳ
Category: Sanctification
New in Jude curriculum (1:20, προσευχόμενοι ἐν πνεύματι ἁγίῳ). Uses the established ஜெபம் (prayer) and the Critical-risk பரிசுத்த ஆவியானவர் (Holy Spirit); direct, personal access to the personal Spirit, not a yogic interior discipline.
Wait For Await
Approved rendering: எதிர்பார்த்துக் காத்திருத்தல்
Transliteration: ethirpaarthu kaathirukkuthal
Doctrine: Eschatological Judgment and the Coming of the Lord
New in Jude curriculum (1:21, προσδέχομαι). Expectant waiting for the future mercy of Christ leading to eternal life; not to be confused lexically with kept_guard_preserve (a different verb, காத்திருத்தல் shares the காத்- root coincidentally in Tamil but renders a distinct Greek verb, προσδέχομαι, not τηρέω) — translators should note this surface similarity is a Tamil-only coincidence, not a Greek-text link.
Snatch Rescue
Approved rendering: பறித்து இரட்சித்தல்
Transliteration: parithu iratchithal
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Original: ἁρπάζω
Category: Salvation
New in Jude curriculum (1:23, ἁρπάζω). The urgency of rescue-from-immediate-danger must be preserved, not softened into a general offer of help; same verb family as 1 Thessalonians 4:17’s ‘caught up.‘
Without Stumbling
Approved rendering: இடறாதபடி
Transliteration: idaraadhapadi
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Rejected alternatives: வீழாதபடி
New in Jude curriculum (1:24, ἄπτωστος, NT hapax). ‘So as not to stumble/trip’; part of the doxology’s assurance clause.
Present Blameless
Approved rendering: குற்றமற்றவர்களாக சமுகத்தில் நிற்கச்செய்தல்
Transliteration: kutramatravargalaaga samugathil nirkachcheiythal
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: στῆσαι κατενώπιον…ἀμώμους
Category: Sanctification
New in Jude curriculum (1:24, στῆσαι κατενώπιον…ἀμώμους). ἄμωμος (குற்றமற்ற) reused from the Philippians-package blameless-vocabulary convention; here applied to the believer’s ultimate eschatological presentation before God — the doctrinal climax of the letter’s ‘kept’ theme. Connect explicitly to the assurance_of_salvation doctrine (Critical, inherited from the Romans registry).
Majesty Might Authority
Approved rendering: மகத்துவமும் வல்லமையும் அதிகாரமும்
Transliteration: magathuvamum vallamaiyum athikaaramum
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Rejected alternatives: சக்தி (forbidden for κράτος)
Original: μεγαλωσύνη / κράτος / ἐξουσία
Category: God
New in Jude curriculum (1:25, μεγαλωσύνη/κράτος/ἐξουσία). κράτος rendered வல்லமை, never சக்தி, per the inherited forbidden-substitution rule for power_of_god given Tamil Nadu’s vivid grassroots Amman goddess tradition. ἐξουσία rendered அதிகாரம், reused from the Ephesians/Colossians packages’ principalities-and-powers vocabulary. Permit natural liturgical redundancy alongside மகிமை (glory, already used at 1:8) rather than forcing artificial semantic differentiation.
Eternity Formula
Approved rendering: எல்லாக் காலத்திற்கும் முன்னும், இப்பொழுதும், என்றென்றைக்கும்
Transliteration: ellaakkaalathirkum munnum, ippozhuthum, endrendraikkum
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Rejected alternatives: யுகம்-framing
Original: πρὸ παντὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος καὶ νῦν καὶ εἰς πάντας τοὺς αἰῶνας
Category: Eschatology
New in Jude curriculum (1:25, πρὸ παντὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος καὶ νῦν καὶ εἰς πάντας τοὺς αἰῶνας). Must read as linear eternity (before, during, and beyond all created time), never a cyclical yuga-repetition framework.
Servant Of Christ Jude
Approved rendering: ஊழியக்காரன்
Transliteration: oozhiyakkaaran
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Servanthood of Jude
Rejected alternatives: அடியார்
New in Jude curriculum (1:1, δοῦλος, singular form). Singular of the established கிறிஸ்து இயேசுவின் ஊழியக்காரர் pattern (see servants_of_christ). NEVER அடியார். Sets up the letter’s structural inversion against the false teachers of 1:4, who deny their own Master.
Mercy Peace Love Multiplied
Approved rendering: இரக்கமும் சமாதானமும் அன்பும் பெருகக்கடவது
Transliteration: irakkamum samadhanamum anbum perugakkadavathu
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Original: ἔλεος…εἰρήνη…ἀγάπη…πληθυνθείη
Category: God
New in Jude curriculum (1:2, ἔλεος…εἰρήνη…ἀγάπη…πληθυνθείη). All three nouns reuse established translation memory exactly; ‘multiplied’ uses an established Tamil Bible benedictory form. Frames the entire, otherwise stern, letter with grace on both ends (bracketed by the doxology at 1:24-25).
Low Risk Terms
Common Salvation
Approved rendering: பொதுவான இரட்சிப்பு
Transliteration: pothuvaana iratchippu
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Original: κοινή σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
New in Jude curriculum (1:3, κοινῆς σωτηρίας). Salvation shared identically by every believer regardless of social rank — an implicit anti-hierarchy note worth surfacing in teaching notes, though the word itself is low-risk.
Gloom Darkness
Approved rendering: காரிருள் / அந்தகாரம்
Transliteration: kaarirul / anthakaaram
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: ζόφος / σκότος
Category: Judgment
New in Jude curriculum (1:6, 1:13, ζόφος/σκότος). Standard darkness/judgment vocabulary; 1:13 doubles the pair for intensification (ὁ ζόφος τοῦ σκότους).
Archangel
Approved rendering: பிரதான தூதன்
Transliteration: pirathaana thoothan
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and Restraint before Evil
Original: ἀρχάγγελος
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New in Jude curriculum (1:9, ἀρχάγγελος). Descriptive compound (‘chief/foremost messenger’), transparent and theologically accurate; low collision risk. Michael’s title.
Rebuke
Approved rendering: கடிந்துகொள்ளுதல்
Transliteration: kadinthukolluthal
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and Restraint before Evil
Original: ἐπιτιμάω
Category: Judgment
New in Jude curriculum (1:9, ἐπιτιμάω). Michael’s deferential invocation (‘The Lord rebuke you’) rather than a self-issued verdict; models restraint contrasted with the false teachers’ presumption.
Dare Presume
Approved rendering: துணியாமல்
Transliteration: thuniyaamal
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and Restraint before Evil
Original: τολμάω
Category: Judgment
New in Jude curriculum (1:9, τολμάω, negated). Reinforces the restraint theme against the false teachers’ presumption.
Unreasoning Animals
Approved rendering: அறிவில்லாத மிருகங்கள்
Transliteration: arivillaadha mirugangal
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἄλογα ζῷα
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (1:10, ἄλογα ζῷα). Standard comparison vocabulary for the false teachers’ base, instinctive indulgence of bodily appetite.
Woe
Approved rendering: ஐயோ
Transliteration: aiyo
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: οὐαί
Category: Judgment
New in Jude curriculum (1:11, οὐαί). Established Tamil Bible term for the Semitic-style prophetic lamentation-interjection.
Love Feasts
Approved rendering: அன்பு விருந்துகள்
Transliteration: anbu virunthukal
Doctrine: Corrupted Fellowship and Church Division
Original: ἀγάπαι
Category: Church
New in Jude curriculum (1:12, ἀγάπαι). The early church’s communal love-feasts, the setting infiltrated by the false teachers. Concrete plural use of ἀγάπη; reuses the established அன்பு root.
Nature Metaphors False Teachers
Approved rendering: நீரில்லாத மேகங்கள் / பழனற்ற மரங்கள் / கொந்தளிக்கும் அலைகள்
Transliteration: neerillaadha megangal / pazhanatra marangal / konthalikkum alaigal
Doctrine: Corrupted Fellowship and Church Division
Original: νεφέλαι ἄνυδροι / δένδρα ἄκαρπα / κύματα ἄγρια
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (1:12-13, νεφέλαι ἄνυδροι / δένδρα ἄκαρπα / κύματα ἄγρια). Chain of natural-order metaphors for the false teachers’ instability, fruitlessness, and self-exposure. Note the deliberate contrast with the established Critical-risk ‘fruit of the Spirit’ vocabulary (ஆவியின் கனி) — these trees are ἄκαρπος, without any of that fruit at all.
Grumbler Malcontent
Approved rendering: முறுமுறுப்பவர்கள் / குறை கூறுபவர்கள்
Transliteration: murumurupavargal / kurai koorupavargal
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: γογγυστής / μεμψίμοιρος
Category: Sin
New in Jude curriculum (1:16, γογγυστής/μεμψίμοιρος). Direct ethical description; low doctrinal risk.
Build Up Selves
Approved rendering: கட்டியெழுப்புதல்
Transliteration: kattiyezhupputhal
Doctrine: Prayer and Sanctification in the Spirit
Original: ἐποικοδομέω
Category: Sanctification
New in Jude curriculum (1:20, ἐποικοδομέω). Connects to the Mutual Edification doctrine category, though here the object is reflexive (building up oneself/one’s own community).
Exultation Joy
Approved rendering: மிகுந்த ஆனந்தம்
Transliteration: migunthu aanantham
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
New in Jude curriculum (1:24, ἀγαλλίασις). A stronger term than the more common χαρά; ‘great/abounding joy’ at the believer’s final presentation before God.
Proper Name Jude
Approved rendering: யூதா
Transliteration: Yoothaa
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Servanthood of Jude
Original: Ἰούδας
Category: Church
New in Jude curriculum (1:1, Ἰούδας). Disambiguated from Judas Iscariot (இஸ்காரியோதே யூதாஸ்) by the accompanying self-identification phrase ‘brother of James,’ not by a different transliteration; this clause must never be dropped.
Proper Names Ot Type Figures
Approved rendering: காயீன் / பிலயாம் / கோராகு
Transliteration: Kaayeen / Pilayaam / Koraahu
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: Κάϊν / Βαλαάμ / Κόρε
Category: Covenant
New in Jude curriculum (1:11, Κάϊν/Βαλαάμ/Κόρε). Established Tamil Old Testament forms (Genesis 4; Numbers 22-24; Numbers 16); the letter’s central OT-typology triad.
Proper Names Sodom Gomorrah
Approved rendering: சோதோம், கொமோரா
Transliteration: Sodhom, Gomora
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: Σόδομα, Γόμορρα
Category: Covenant
New in Jude curriculum (1:7, Σόδομα, Γόμορρα). Established Tamil Bible forms (Genesis 19).
Proper Name Michael
Approved rendering: மிகாவேல்
Transliteration: Migaavel
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and Restraint before Evil
Original: Μιχαήλ
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New in Jude curriculum (1:9, Μιχαήλ). Established Tamil Bible form (cf. Daniel 10, 12; Revelation 12).
Proper Names Enoch Adam Moses
Approved rendering: ஏனோக்கு / ஆதாம் / மோசே
Transliteration: Enokku / Aatham / Mosey
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture and Use of Extra-Biblical Tradition
Original: Ἑνώχ / Ἀδάμ / Μωϋσῆς
Category: Covenant
New in Jude curriculum (1:9, 1:14, Ἑνώχ/Ἀδάμ/Μωϋσῆς). Established Tamil Bible transliterations, per this pipeline’s standing transliteration-standards list.
James
Approved rendering: யாக்கோபு
Transliteration: Yaakkobu
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Servanthood of Jude
Original: Ἰάκωβος
Category: Church
New standalone entry for Jude (1:1, Ἰάκωβος). Established Tamil Bible proper-name form; Jude’s brother, anchoring the author’s identity and disambiguating him from Judas Iscariot.
Amen
Approved rendering: ஆமென்
Transliteration: Aamen
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Original: ἀμήν
Category: God
New standalone entry for Jude (1:25, ἀμήν). Established transliteration standard across this pipeline; the doxology’s closing affirmation.
Referenced passages