Core Glossary
Core Glossary — 2 Peter (Koine Greek → Tamil)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, drawn from every chapter of 2 Peter. Terms already recorded in the baseline Language Package (Romans through Colossians) are marked BASELINE and must be reused exactly as recorded in translation_memory.json. Terms new to this book are marked NEW and are proposed here for addition to translation memory in Phase 1 Step 3, with provisional risk tiers following the established Critical / High / Medium / Low framework.
Legend
- Status: BASELINE (reuse exactly, no deviation permitted) / NEW (proposed for this book)
- Risk: Critical / High / Medium / Low, per the inherited
doctrine_risk_registry.jsonframework - Review routing: Human theologian / Native speaker / Automated, per inherited convention
Chapter 1 (1:1-15): Opening, Virtue Chain, Peter’s Testament
| # | English Term | Greek (Transliteration) | Tamil Rendering | Status | Risk | Doctrine | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | God and Savior (of Jesus) | θεὸς καὶ σωτήρ (theos kai sōtēr) | கடவுளும் இரட்சகருமான (இயேசு கிறிஸ்து) | BASELINE (கடவுள், இரட்சகர்) | Critical | Deity of Christ | Single-article Granville-Sharp construction; must read as ONE identity, not two referents. |
| 2 | faith (of equal standing) | ἰσότιμος πίστις (isotimos pistis) | சம மேன்மையான விசுவாசம் | BASELINE root (விசுவாசம்) + NEW modifier | Medium | Faith | — |
| 3 | full/deep knowledge | ἐπίγνωσις (epignōsis) | முழு அறிதல் / ஆழ்ந்த அறிதல் | NEW | High | Growing in Christian Virtue; Scripture | Distinguish from அறிவு (plain γνῶσις); never ஞானம் alone (jñāna-mārga risk). |
| 4 | divine power | θεία δύναμις (theia dynamis) | தெய்வீக வல்லமை | BASELINE root (வல்லமை) | High | Divine Nature | Never சக்தி. |
| 5 | godliness | εὐσέβεια (eusebeia) | கடவுள்பக்தி | NEW | High | Growing in Christian Virtue | பக்தி-root residual risk; object fixed as கடவுள், never a portable devotional posture. Mandatory theologian review. |
| 6 | ungodliness / ungodly | ἀσέβεια / ἀσεβής (asebeia / asebēs) | பக்தியில்லாத / இறையச்சமில்லாத | NEW | High | Day of the Lord; False Teachers | Antonym of εὐσέβεια; same பக்தி-root caution applies in negation. |
| 7 | virtue / excellence | ἀρετή (aretē) | நற்குணம் | NEW | Medium | Growing in Christian Virtue | குணம்-root guṇa-adjacency; low practical risk, note in teaching material. |
| 8 | promises | ἐπάγγελμα / ἐπαγγελία (epangelma / epangelia) | வாக்குத்தத்தம் | BASELINE | High | Abrahamic-pattern promise | Never வரம் (boon). |
| 9 | partakers of the divine nature | θείας κοινωνοὶ φύσεως (theias koinōnoi physeōs) | தெய்வீகத் தன்மையில் பங்குபெறுதல் | NEW | CRITICAL | Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption | Never தெய்வத்துவம் (essence/deity itself — reserved for Christ alone); never சிவமயமாதல் or any Śaiva-Siddhāntic vocabulary; never merger/absorption phrasing. Mandatory theologian review, every occurrence. |
| 10 | corruption | φθορά (phthora) | சீர்கேடு | NEW | Medium | Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption | Distinct from அழிவு (ἀπώλεια, destruction/perdition). |
| 11 | desire / lust | ἐπιθυμία (epithymia) | இச்சை | NEW | Medium | Divine Nature; False Teachers | Never ஆசை (already excluded for “hope”); qualify negatively in context. |
| 12 | self-control | ἐγκράτεια (egkrateia) | இச்சையடக்கம் | NEW | Medium | Growing in Christian Virtue | Never தவம்/துறவு/விரதம் (ascetic-merit register, per Colossians precedent). |
| 13 | steadfastness / endurance | ὑπομονή (hypomonē) | நிலைத்திருத்தல் | NEW | Low-Medium | Growing in Christian Virtue | Keep distinct from μακροθυμία (below). |
| 14 | brotherly love/affection | φιλαδελφία (philadelphia) | சகோதர அன்பு | NEW | Low | Growing in Christian Virtue | Built on BASELINE அன்பு. |
| 15 | love | ἀγάπη (agapē) | அன்பு | BASELINE | Medium | Growing in Christian Virtue | — |
| 16 | cleansing (from former sins) | καθαρισμός (katharismos) | சுத்திகரிப்பு | NEW | Medium | Divine Nature; Sanctification | Once-accomplished; never repeatable-ritual-bathing framing. |
| 17 | calling and election | κλῆσις καὶ ἐκλογή (klēsis kai eklogē) | அழைப்பு, தெரிந்துகொள்ளுதல் | BASELINE | Critical | Divine Calling; Election | 1:10’s “make sure” language creates elevated merit-collision risk; must read as evidence, not cause, of election. Mandatory theologian review. |
| 18 | eternal kingdom | αἰώνιος βασιλεία (aiōnios basileia) | நித்திய ராஜ்யம் | BASELINE root (தேவனுடைய ராஜ்யம்) + NEW நித்திய | Medium | Kingdom | — |
| 19 | body (as tent/tabernacle) | σκήνωμα (skēnōma) | (சரீரமாகிய) கூடாரம் | NEW | Low | — | Metaphor for the physical body. |
| 20 | departure | ἔξοδος (exodos) | புறப்பாடு | NEW | Low-Medium | — | Distinct from யாத்திராகமம் (book title “Exodus”); intertextual echo noted in teaching material only. |
Core Passage — 2 Peter 1:16-21 (Additional Terms Not Above)
| # | English Term | Greek (Transliteration) | Tamil Rendering | Status | Risk | Doctrine | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 | myths / fables | μῦθοι (mythoi) | கட்டுக்கதைகள் | NEW | Medium-High | Certainty of Christ’s Return; Scripture | NEVER புராணக் கதைகள் (Hindu scripture-genre collision). |
| 22 | power | δύναμις (dynamis) | வல்லமை | BASELINE | High | Certainty of Christ’s Return | — |
| 23 | coming / Second Coming | παρουσία (parousia) | வருகை | NEW | CRITICAL | Certainty of Christ’s Return; Day of the Lord | Always with possessive qualifier (கர்த்தராகிய இயேசுகிறிஸ்துவின் வருகை); identical rendering at 1:16, 3:4, 3:12. |
| 24 | eyewitnesses | ἐπόπται (epoptai) | கண்கண்ட சாட்சிகள் | NEW | Low-Medium | Scripture; Certainty of Christ’s Return | No direct Tamil collision; Greco-Roman mystery-cult background belongs in teaching notes only. |
| 25 | majesty | μεγαλειότης (megaleiotēs) | மகத்துவம் | NEW | Low-Medium | Certainty of Christ’s Return | Keep distinct from மகிமை (δόξα). |
| 26 | honor | τιμή (timē) | கனம் | NEW | Medium | Deity/Sonship of Christ | Established devotional collocation “கனமும் மகிமையும்.” |
| 27 | glory | δόξα (doxa) | மகிமை | BASELINE | High | Deity/Sonship of Christ | — |
| 28 | the Majestic Glory (title) | ἡ μεγαλοπρεπὴς δόξα (hē megaloprepēs doxa) | மாட்சிமையுள்ள மகிமை | NEW | Medium | Deity of Christ | A title/circumlocution for God the Father, not a separate divine attribute-being. |
| 29 | beloved Son (Transfiguration) | ὁ υἱὸς ὁ ἀγαπητός (ho huios ho agapētos) | என் நேச குமாரன் | NEW, cross-ref BASELINE (தேவனுடைய குமாரன்) | Critical | Sonship of Christ | Never தெய்வப்புத்திரன். |
| 30 | well-pleased | εὐδοκέω (eudokeō) | பிரியமாயிருக்கிறேன் | NEW | Low-Medium | Sonship of Christ | Not a merit-earned approval. |
| 31 | holy mountain | ἅγιον ὄρος (hagion oros) | பரிசுத்த மலை | NEW | Medium | Scripture; Certainty of Christ’s Return | Distinguish from Tamil sacred-mountain pilgrimage sites (Tiruvannāmalai, Palani). |
| 32 | prophetic word | προφητικὸς λόγος (prophētikos logos) | தீர்க்கதரிசன வார்த்தை | NEW | Medium | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | Built on BASELINE தீர்க்கதரிசனம். |
| 33 | lamp / light shining in darkness | λύχνος φαίνων (lychnos phainōn) | இருண்ட இடத்தில் ஒளிரும் விளக்கு | NEW | Low | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | — |
| 34 | morning star | φωσφόρος (phōsphoros) | விடிவெள்ளி | NEW | Low-Medium | Certainty of Christ’s Return | Positive image; explicitly disambiguate from the unrelated “Lucifer” association in some English teaching material. |
| 35 | Scripture | γραφή (graphē) | வேதவாக்கியம் | NEW (formalizing existing doctrine-name usage) | High | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | வேதம்-root collides with the Hindu Vedas; retained as established Tamil Christian idiom for lack of a better-established alternative; check every occurrence in context. |
| 36 | one’s own interpretation | ἰδία ἐπίλυσις (idia epilysis) | சொந்த விளக்கம் | NEW | CRITICAL | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | Must preserve “origin of prophecy” reading (supported by v.21), not a general ban on individual Bible reading. Denominationally sensitive; mandatory theologian review. |
| 37 | will of man | θέλημα ἀνθρώπου (thelēma anthrōpou) | மனுஷனுடைய சித்தம் | NEW | Low | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | — |
| 38 | carried along (by the Spirit) | φερόμενοι (pheromenoi) | ஏவப்பட்டு | NEW | CRITICAL | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | Reuses ஏவுதல் root already present in baseline doctrine-name; must avoid weak “guided” under-translation AND avoid collision with Tamil poet-saint aruḷ-inspiration tradition (Nāyanmār/Āḻvār). Mandatory theologian review. |
| 39 | Holy Spirit | πνεῦμα ἅγιον (pneuma hagion) | பரிசுத்த ஆவியானவர் | BASELINE | Critical | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | Never பிரம்மம்/பரமாத்மா. |
Chapter 2: False Teachers and Their Judgment
| # | English Term | Greek (Transliteration) | Tamil Rendering | Status | Risk | Doctrine | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 40 | false prophets | ψευδοπροφῆται (pseudoprophētai) | போலி தீர்க்கதரிசிகள் | NEW | High | False Teachers and Their Judgment | போலி-modifier reused from established போலி சகோதரர்கள் pattern. |
| 41 | false teachers | ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι (pseudodidaskaloi) | போலி போதகர்கள் | NEW | High | False Teachers and Their Judgment | Built on BASELINE போதகர். |
| 42 | destructive heresies | αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας (haireseis apōleias) | அழிவுதரும் தப்பான போதனைகள் | NEW | High | False Teachers and Their Judgment | — |
| 43 | Master (absolute Sovereign) | δεσπότης (despotēs) | ஆண்டவர் | NEW | Medium-High | False Teachers and Their Judgment; Lordship of Christ | Distinct Tamil term from கர்த்தர் (κύριος), preserving the letter’s own two-word distinction; never எஜமான் (mundane household master). |
| 44 | bought / redeemed | ἀγοράζω (agorazō) | மீட்டுக்கொண்ட | NEW, root BASELINE (மீட்பு family) | High | Redemption | — |
| 45 | sensuality | ἀσέλγεια (aselgeia) | காமவெறி / தறிகெட்ட நடத்தை | NEW | Medium | False Teachers and Their Judgment | — |
| 46 | way of truth | ὁδὸς τῆς ἀληθείας (hodos tēs alētheias) | சத்திய வழி | NEW | Low | False Teachers and Their Judgment | — |
| 47 | cast into Tartarus / chains of darkness | ταρταρόω / σειρὰ ζόφου (tartaroō / seira zophou) | இருள் நிறைந்த காவலிடத்தில் அடைத்தல் / இருளின் சங்கிலிகள் | NEW | High | False Teachers and Their Judgment | Avoid நரகம் (Hindu temporary-rebirth-realm collision); descriptive phrase required. |
| 48 | flood | κατακλυσμός (kataklysmos) | ஜலப்பிரவாகம் | NEW (established Tamil Bible narrative term) | Low | False Teachers and Their Judgment | — |
| 49 | preacher of righteousness | κῆρυξ δικαιοσύνης (kēryx dikaiosynēs) | நீதியின் பிரசங்கி | NEW, root BASELINE (நீதி) | Low-Medium | False Teachers and Their Judgment | — |
| 50 | example / warning pattern | ὑπόδειγμα (hypodeigma) | எடுத்துக்காட்டு | NEW | Low | False Teachers and Their Judgment | — |
| 51 | rescue / deliver | ῥύομαι (rhyomai) | காப்பாற்று / விடுவி | NEW | Low | False Teachers and Their Judgment | — |
| 52 | dominion / authority (despised) | κυριότης (kyriotēs) | கர்த்தத்துவம் | NEW, formalizing existing doctrine-name usage | Medium | False Teachers and Their Judgment; Lordship of Christ | Keep distinguishable from application to Christ’s supreme Lordship. |
| 53 | greed | πλεονεξία (pleonexia) | பொருளாசை | BASELINE | High | False Teachers and Their Judgment | — |
| 54 | children of cursing | κατάρας τέκνα (kataras tekna) | சாபத்தின் பிள்ளைகள் | NEW, root BASELINE (சாபம்) | Medium | False Teachers and Their Judgment | Distinguish from the Galatians legal-curse doctrine context. |
| 55 | waterless springs / mists / gloom of darkness | πηγαὶ ἄνυδροι / ὁμίχλαι / ζόφος τοῦ σκότους | நீரில்லா நீரூற்றுகள் / மேகமூட்டம் / காரிருள் | NEW | Low | False Teachers and Their Judgment | — |
| 56 | swelling words of emptiness | ὑπέρογκα κενότητος (hyperogka kenotētos) | வீணான பெருமையான வார்த்தைகள் | NEW, root BASELINE (வீண்) | Low-Medium | False Teachers and Their Judgment | — |
| 57 | freedom (ironic/false) | ἐλευθερία (eleutheria) | விடுதலை | BASELINE | Critical | Liberty, Not License (Galatians cluster) | Same term as Galatians; usage here is the counterfeit Peter unmasks, not a different concept. |
| 58 | slaves | δοῦλοι (douloi) | அடிமை | BASELINE | High | Freedom in Christ (Galatians cluster) | — |
| 59 | knowledge of the Lord | ἐπίγνωσις τοῦ κυρίου (epignōsis tou kyriou) | முழு அறிதல் | NEW, cross-ref #3 | High | Scripture; Apostasy warning | Elevated pastoral sensitivity (apostasy context). |
| 60 | way of righteousness | ὁδὸς τῆς δικαιοσύνης (hodos tēs dikaiosynēs) | நீதியின் வழி | NEW, root BASELINE (நீதி) | Medium | Justification-adjacent | — |
| 61 | dog/sow proverb | κύων / ὗς (kyōn / hys) | நாய் தன் வாந்திக்குத் திரும்புதல் / பன்றி சேற்றில் புரள திரும்புதல் | NEW | Medium-High | False Teachers and Their Judgment | Caste-adjacent dog-insult caution (cf. Philippians “dogs” precedent); referent must stay unambiguous. |
Chapter 3: The Day of the Lord, Final Judgment, and Divine Patience
| # | English Term | Greek (Transliteration) | Tamil Rendering | Status | Risk | Doctrine | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 62 | reminder | ὑπόμνησις (hypomnēsis) | நினைப்பூட்டுதல் | NEW | Low | — | — |
| 63 | scoffers | ἐμπαῖκται (empaiktai) | பரிகாசம் செய்பவர்கள் | NEW | Low-Medium | Certainty of Christ’s Return | — |
| 64 | by the word of God (creation) | λόγῳ τοῦ θεοῦ (logō tou theou) | கடவுளுடைய வார்த்தையினால் | NEW, root BASELINE (கடவுள்) | Medium | Day of the Lord | Complementary to, not identical with, Colossians’ Christ-as-creator doctrine. |
| 65 | judgment | κρίσις / κρίμα (krisis / krima) | நியாயத்தீர்ப்பு | NEW | High | Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | — |
| 66 | destruction / perdition | ἀπώλεια (apōleia) | அழிவு | NEW | High | Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | Distinct from φθορά (சீர்கேடு, decay/corruption). |
| 67 | one day as a thousand years | μία ἡμέρα … ὡς χίλια ἔτη | ஒரு நாள் ஆயிரம் வருஷங்களைப்போல | NEW | Medium | Patience of God’s Timing | Linear divine transcendence of time, never cyclical yuga-framing. |
| 68 | patience / longsuffering (God’s) | μακροθυμία (makrothymia) | நீடிய பொறுமை | NEW | High | Patience of God’s Timing | Distinct from ὑπομονή (நிலைத்திருத்தல், human endurance). |
| 69 | repentance | μετάνοια (metanoia) | மனந்திரும்புதல் | NEW (established Tamil Bible term) | Low-Medium | Patience of God’s Timing | — |
| 70 | Day of the Lord | ἡμέρα κυρίου (hēmera kyriou) | கர்த்தருடைய நாள் | NEW | CRITICAL | The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | Sudden, unexpected, ONE-TIME, linear-historical; never a cyclical age-turn. |
| 71 | elements (physical, cosmic dissolution) | στοιχεῖα (stoicheia) | பிரபஞ்சத்தின் அடிப்படைப் பொருட்கள் | NEW — distinct referent from Galatians “elemental_principles” | CRITICAL | The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | Never பஞ்சபூதங்கள் (ghost-collision + already-rejected Colossians precedent); never reuse the Galatians spiritual-principalities compound verbatim. |
| 72 | new heavens and new earth | καινοὺς οὐρανοὺς καὶ γῆν καινήν (kainous ouranous kai gēn kainēn) | புதிய வானமும் புதிய பூமியும் | NEW, root BASELINE pattern (புதிய for καινός) | CRITICAL | The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment; New Creation | Single, final, non-repeating; never pralaya/kalpa-cycle framing; never மறுபிறவி. |
| 73 | righteousness dwells | δικαιοσύνη κατοικεῖ (dikaiosynē katoikei) | நீதி வாசமாயிருக்கும் | NEW, root BASELINE (நீதி) + established indwell-verb | High | Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | Moral-relational culmination under a personal God. |
| 74 | without spot and blameless | ἄσπιλοι καὶ ἀμώμητοι (aspiloi kai amōmētoi) | குற்றமற்றவர்களும் மாசற்றவர்களும் | NEW, cross-ref established blameless vocabulary | Low-Medium | Holy living | — |
| 75 | regard [God’s] patience as salvation | μακροθυμίαν σωτηρίαν ἡγεῖσθε | நீடிய பொறுமையை இரட்சிப்பாக எண்ணுங்கள் | NEW, roots BASELINE (இரட்சிப்பு) + #68 | High | Patience of God’s Timing; Salvation | Tightest link in the book between the two doctrines. |
| 76 | Paul’s wisdom (canon-consciousness) | Παῦλος … σοφία (Paulos … sophia) | பவுல் … ஞானம் | BASELINE (பவுல்); NEW cross-ref (ஞானம், ordinary sense) | Medium | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | Early witness to Pauline letters as Scripture; low collision in this occurrence. |
| 77 | hard to understand / twist | δυσνόητα / στρεβλοῦσιν (dysnoēta / streblousin) | விளங்கக் கடினமானவை / புரட்டுகிறார்கள் | NEW | Medium-High | Scripture; False Teachers | Direct link to the ἰδία ἐπίλυσις caution at 1:20. |
| 78 | fall from steadfastness | ἐκπέσητε τοῦ ἰδίου στηριγμοῦ (ekpesēte tou idiou stērigmou) | உங்கள் உறுதியிலிருந்து விலகிவிடாதபடிக்கு | NEW | High | Perseverance; Assurance | Warning against apostasy, not a merit-earning/forfeiting mechanism. |
| 79 | grow in grace and knowledge | αὐξάνετε ἐν χάριτι καὶ γνώσει (auxanete en chariti kai gnōsei) | கிருபையிலும் அறிவிலும் வளருங்கள் | NEW, roots BASELINE (கிருபை, அறிவு) | Medium | Growing in Christian Virtue | Closing exhortation; grace grounds growth. |
Cross-Cutting Risk Notes for This Book
- The three highest-stakes NEW terms in 2 Peter, each requiring mandatory theologian review at every occurrence, are:
- θείας κοινωνοὶ φύσεως → தெய்வீகத் தன்மையில் பங்குபெறுதல் (1:4) — collision with Śaiva Siddhānta’s soul-becoming-Śiva-like doctrine.
- φερόμενοι ὑπὸ πνεύματος ἁγίου → பரிசுத்த ஆவியானவரால் ஏவப்பட்டு (1:21) — collision with Tamil poet-saint divinely-inspired-composition tradition.
- ἡμέρα κυρίου / στοιχεῖα / καινοὺς οὐρανοὺς καὶ γῆν καινήν (3:7-13) — collision with Hindu pralaya/kalpa cyclical-cosmic-dissolution cosmology.
- παρουσία (வருகை) must render identically at 1:16, 3:4, and 3:12, always with an explicit possessive qualifier, per the pipeline’s established consistency rule for high-use doctrinal terms (cf. the baseline’s Romans 1:16-17 / 8:28 / 10:9-10 consistency rules).
- γραφή (வேதவாக்கியம்) inherits and elevates the baseline’s existing வேதம்-collision caution (already implicit in the doctrine_risk_registry’s inspiration-of-scripture entry); this book foregrounds Scripture doctrine more heavily than any prior book in the curriculum and therefore requires the most vigilant contextual checking of this term.
- Reused Critical/High baseline terms confirmed unchanged for this book: கடவுள், கர்த்தர், இயேசு, கிறிஸ்து, பரிசுத்த ஆவியானவர், பிதா, இரட்சிப்பு, இரட்சகர், நீதி, விசுவாசம், அன்பு, கிருபை, வல்லமை, தேவனுடைய குமாரன், அழைப்பு, தெரிந்துகொள்ளுதல், வாக்குத்தத்தம், சாபம், விடுதலை, அடிமை, பொருளாசை, மகிமை, பரிசுத்தம், பரலோகம், தேவனுடைய ராஜ்யம், அப்போஸ்தலன், தீர்க்கதரிசி, தீர்க்கதரிசனம், பவுல்.
- New terms proposed for
translation_memory.jsonversion increment: all 45 NEW entries listed above (rows 3, 5-14, 16, 19-38, 40-52, 54-68, 70-79 as applicable), to be formally registered in Phase 1 Step 3.
Cross-reference 07_semantic_analysis.md for full verse-by-verse and chapter-by-chapter discussion, including extended doctrinal notes on the three Critical-risk collision clusters identified above.
Critical Risk Terms
Righteousness
Approved rendering: நீதி
Transliteration: neethi
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: தர்மம், புண்ணியம்
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Recurs throughout 2 Peter: God’s own righteousness (1:1), Noah as preacher of righteousness (2:5), the way of righteousness (2:21), righteousness dwelling in the new heavens and earth (3:13). NEVER தர்மம்.
Salvation
Approved rendering: இரட்சிப்பு
Transliteration: iratchippu
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: மோட்சம், முக்தி
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Root of இரட்சகர் (Savior, 1:1, 1:11) and load-bearing at 3:15 (‘regard the patience of our Lord as salvation’). NEVER மோட்சம்/முக்தி.
Calling
Approved rendering: அழைப்பு
Transliteration: azhaippu
Doctrine: Divine Calling and Election, Confirmed by Virtue
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. 2 Peter 1:10 (‘make your calling and election sure’) elevates this term to Critical risk in this book: the Tamil rendering must read confirming one’s calling as EVIDENCE, not CAUSE, of God’s prior sovereign choice, per the Philippians 2:12-13 pattern, against Tamil புண்ணியம் merit-accumulation defaults.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: உயிர்த்தெழுதல்
Transliteration: uyirthezhuthal
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: மறுபிறவி
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Retained here as an essential cross-reference term: teaching material on 2 Peter 3:13’s ‘new heavens and new earth’ must keep உயிர்த்தெழுதல் (once-for-all, ending the cycle) lexically distinct from any rebirth-cycle vocabulary. NEVER மறுபிறவி.
Lord
Approved rendering: கர்த்தர்
Transliteration: karthar
Doctrine: Lordship and Absolute Mastery of Christ
Rejected alternatives: எஜமான்
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Recurs constantly across all three chapters (1:2, 1:8, 1:11, 1:14, 1:16; 2:20; 3:2, 3:8, 3:9, 3:10, 3:15, 3:18). Must be kept lexically distinct from the new term master_despotes (ஆண்டவர்), the letter’s own second title for Christ’s authority (2:1, 2:10).
Son Of God
Approved rendering: தேவனுடைய குமாரன்
Transliteration: Devanudaiya Kumaran
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: தெய்வப்புத்திரன்
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Grounds the new compound beloved_son_transfiguration term at 2 Peter 1:17 (‘This is my beloved Son’). Never தெய்வப்புத்திரன்.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: தேகதாரணம்
Transliteration: dehadharanam
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: அவதாரம்
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Retained as an essential cross-reference: 2 Peter’s Certainty of Christ’s Return doctrine collides with the Vaishnava Kalki-avatara expectation (a future avatar descent ending the Kali Yuga); teaching material must reuse this same ‘never அவதாரம்’ boundary when explaining why the Parousia is not a repeatable avatar-descent.
Election
Approved rendering: தெரிந்துகொள்ளுதல்
Transliteration: therinthu-kolluthal
Doctrine: Divine Calling and Election, Confirmed by Virtue
Rejected alternatives: தலைவிதி, ஊழ்வினை
Original: ἐκλογή
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Paired with calling in 2 Peter 1:10’s exhortation to ‘make sure’ — the sharpest works/grace tension point in the letter. NEVER தலைவிதி/ஊழ்வினை.
Jesus
Approved rendering: இயேசு
Transliteration: yesu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly.
God
Approved rendering: கடவுள்
Transliteration: kadavul
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: தேவன், பரமேஸ்வரன், பகவான்
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. The single most consequential consistency rule in this Language Package continues unchanged for 2 Peter, including in the Critical new compound god_and_savior (1:1).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: பரிசுத்த ஆவியானவர்
Transliteration: Parisutha Aaviyanavar
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture by the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: பிரம்மம், பரமாத்மா
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. The true source/agent of prophetic Scripture per 2 Peter 1:21; always paired with the new carried_along_by_spirit verb (ஏவப்பட்டு). NEVER பிரம்மம்/பரமாத்மா.
Father
Approved rendering: பிதா
Transliteration: pitha
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Source of the honor and glory bestowed on the Son at the Transfiguration (1:17).
Christ
Approved rendering: கிறிஸ்து
Transliteration: kiristhu
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly.
Freedom
Approved rendering: விடுதலை
Transliteration: viduthalai
Doctrine: Counterfeit Freedom versus True Liberty
Rejected alternatives: முக்தி, மோட்சம், வீடுபேறு
Inherited from Galatians/Ephesians package; reused exactly, including for its ironic/negative reuse at 2 Peter 2:19 (‘promising them freedom, but they themselves are slaves of corruption’). The SAME term must be used for this counterfeit-freedom passage, never a different word, so readers recognize this as the counterfeit of, not an alternative to, biblical freedom (cf. Galatians 5:13).
Flesh
Approved rendering: மாம்சம்
Transliteration: maamsam
Doctrine: Life by the Spirit
Rejected alternatives: உடல், சரீரம்
Inherited from Galatians package; reused exactly. Relevant to 2 Peter 2:10, 2:18’s ‘lust of the flesh’ vocabulary. NEVER உடல்/சரீரம் in doctrinal contexts.
Curse
Approved rendering: சாபம்
Transliteration: saabam
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Rejected alternatives: தோஷம்
Inherited from Galatians package; reused exactly. Reused at 2 Peter 2:14 (‘children of cursing’) as a broader Hebraic moral-character idiom, distinct from the Galatians legal-curse-of-the-law argument; teaching notes must distinguish the two uses. NEVER தோஷம்.
Predestination
Approved rendering: முன்குறித்தல்
Transliteration: munkuriththal
Doctrine: Divine Calling and Election, Confirmed by Virtue
Rejected alternatives: தலைவிதி, விதி, ஊழ், ஊழ்வினை
Inherited from Ephesians package; reused exactly as the doctrinal anchor behind 2 Peter 1:10’s calling-and-election exhortation: election flows from God’s prior, sovereign, loving choice, never human performance. NEVER fatalism vocabulary.
Work Out Your Salvation
Approved rendering: உங்கள் இரட்சிப்பு நிறைவேறும்படி செயல்படுங்கள் (2:13-உடன் இணைத்தே)
Transliteration: ungal iratchippu niraiverumpadi seyalpadungal
Doctrine: Divine Calling and Election, Confirmed by Virtue
Rejected alternatives: இரட்சிப்பைச் சம்பாதியுங்கள்
Inherited from Philippians package; reused exactly as the model pattern for pairing human effort with prior divine agency in the same segment, applied to 2 Peter 1:10’s ‘make your calling and election sure.‘
God Works In You
Approved rendering: கடவுளே உங்களில் செயல்படுகிறார்
Transliteration: kadavule ungalil seyalpadugiraar
Doctrine: Divine Calling and Election, Confirmed by Virtue
Inherited from Philippians package; reused exactly. The theological counterweight pattern required alongside any 2 Peter 1:10 rendering, so ‘making one’s calling sure’ is never taught apart from God’s prior enabling work.
Heaven
Approved rendering: பரலோகம்
Transliteration: paralogam
Doctrine: Cosmic Dissolution and the New Heavens and New Earth
Rejected alternatives: சொர்க்கம், வைகுண்டம், கைலாசம், மோட்சலோகம்
Original: οὐρανός
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Philippians package; reused exactly. Governs the voice’s heavenly origin (1:18) and the heavens that will pass away and be renewed (3:10, 3:12, 3:13). NEVER சொர்க்கம்/வைகுண்டம்/கைலாசம்/மோட்சலோகம். In 3:13’s ‘new heavens,’ hold together with the new_heavens_and_new_earth entry’s cosmic-dissolution cautions.
Savior
Approved rendering: இரட்சகர்
Transliteration: iratchagar
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: மீட்பர்
Inherited from Philippians package; reused exactly. Cognate with இரட்சிப்பு; central to the Critical god_and_savior construction at 2 Peter 1:1 and repeated at 1:11, 2:20, 3:2, 3:18.
Deity
Approved rendering: தெய்வத்துவம்
Transliteration: deyvatvam
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: தெய்வீகத்தன்மை, தேவத்தன்மை
Inherited from Colossians package; reused exactly. CROSS-REFERENCE OF HIGHEST IMPORTANCE for this book: தெய்வத்துவம் (divine ESSENCE) is reserved exclusively for Christ’s own full deity and must NEVER be used for the new partakers_of_divine_nature entry (2 Peter 1:4), which names believers’ derivative sharing in divine NATURE/quality, not divine essence.
Covetousness Is Idolatry
Approved rendering: பொருளாசை என்னும் விக்கிரக ஆராதனை
Transliteration: porulaasai ennum vikkiraga aaraadhanai
Doctrine: Holy Living
Inherited from Colossians package; reused exactly as the source of the பொருளாசை root reused in this book’s new greed entry (2 Peter 2:14, 2:3).
God And Savior
Approved rendering: கடவுளும் இரட்சகருமான (இயேசு கிறிஸ்து)
Transliteration: kadavulum iratchagarumaana (yesu kiristhu)
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Original: θεὸς καὶ σωτήρ
Category: Christology
2 Peter 1:1’s single-article Granville-Sharp construction. Tamil syntax must preserve Jesus as ONE identity (both God and Savior), never two separate referents (God the Father and, separately, Jesus the Savior), or the letter’s strongest opening deity-of-Christ claim is blunted. Built on baseline கடவுள் and இரட்சகர்.
Partakers Of Divine Nature
Approved rendering: தெய்வீகத் தன்மையில் பங்குபெறுதல்
Transliteration: deyveekath thanmaiyil pangu-peruthal
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Rejected alternatives: தெய்வத்துவத்தில் பங்குபெறுதல், சிவமயமாதல், சிவத்துவம்
Original: θείας κοινωνοὶ φύσεως
Category: Divine Nature
θείας κοινωνοὶ φύσεως (1:4). THE single highest-stakes new rendering decision in this book. Renders θεία φύσις (divine NATURE/quality, adjective θεῖος), never divine ESSENCE (தெய்வத்துவம், reserved exclusively for Christ per Colossians 2:9). Never any Saiva Siddhānta soul-divinization vocabulary (சிவமயமாதல்/சிவத்துவம்) or merger/absorption phrasing. Moral-relational transformation received by grace through union with Christ; the Creator/creature distinction is never dissolved. Mandatory theologian review, every occurrence, permanently.
Parousia
Approved rendering: வருகை
Transliteration: varugai
Doctrine: Certainty of Christ’s Return
Original: παρουσία
Category: Eschatology
παρουσία (1:16; 3:4; 3:12), the letter’s most-repeated technical term. Established Tamil idiom (‘இரண்டாம் வருகை’) but completely generic for ‘any arrival’ unless paired with its possessive qualifier EVERY TIME (கர்த்தராகிய இயேசுகிறிஸ்துவின் வருகை). Must render identically at all three occurrences. Never pair, even in surrounding teaching prose, with அவதாரம் (avatar-descent) or Kali Yuga renewal vocabulary — the Vaishnava Kalki-avatara expectation is the sharpest comparative-theology risk for this doctrine.
Beloved Son Transfiguration
Approved rendering: என் நேச குமாரன்
Transliteration: en nesa kumaran
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: தெய்வப்புத்திரன்
ὁ υἱός μου ὁ ἀγαπητός μου (1:17), direct citation of the Transfiguration voice. Built on baseline தேவனுடைய குமாரன். NEVER தெய்வப்புத்திரன் (one divine offspring among many, as Murugan/Pillaiyar in Tamil Shaiva devotion).
Private Interpretation
Approved rendering: சொந்த விளக்கம்
Transliteration: sontha vilakkam
Doctrine: Origin of Prophecy (Not Private Interpretation)
Original: ἰδίας ἐπιλύσεως
Category: Scripture
ἰδίας ἐπιλύσεως (1:20). The single most denominationally sensitive rendering decision in the letter. Must preserve the grammatically preferred reading — prophecy’s ORIGIN was never a prophet’s own explanation, confirmed by v.21 — never a general ban on individual believers’ Bible reading, which functions very differently across Tamil Catholic and Protestant interpretive-authority traditions. Mandatory theologian review, every occurrence.
Carried Along By Spirit
Approved rendering: ஏவப்பட்டு
Transliteration: evappattu
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture by the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: வழிநடத்தப்பட்டு (weak ‘guided’)
Original: ὑπὸ πνεύματος ἁγίου φερόμενοι
Category: Scripture
φερόμενοι ὑπὸ πνεύματος ἁγίου (1:21). Reuses the ஏவுதல் root already present in this book’s own doctrine name. Must retain the Spirit’s vivid driving agency without reducing human authors to passive dictation-machines, and must not collide with the Tamil Bhakti poet-saint tradition’s aruḷ-inspired composition (Nāyanmār/Āḻvār), a structurally similar but doctrinally distinct category. Always the fixed collocation பரிசுத்த ஆவியானவரால் ஏவப்பட்டு, never bare, never weakened. Mandatory theologian review, every occurrence.
Day Of The Lord
Approved rendering: கர்த்தருடைய நாள்
Transliteration: karthrudaiya naal
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: ἡμέρα κυρίου
Category: Eschatology
ἡμέρα κυρίου (3:10). Built on baseline கர்த்தர். Must retain a sudden, unexpected, ONE-TIME, linear-historical, final sense — never the start of a further cosmic cycle. Read with cosmic_elements and new_heavens_and_new_earth as the highest-density collision zone in the book against Hindu pralaya cosmology. Must be kept visibly distinct from the baseline day_of_christ (கிறிஸ்துவின் நாள்). Mandatory theologian review, every occurrence.
Cosmic Elements
Approved rendering: பிரபஞ்சத்தின் அடிப்படைப் பொருட்கள்
Transliteration: pirabanjathin adippadai porudkal
Doctrine: Cosmic Dissolution and the New Heavens and New Earth
Rejected alternatives: பஞ்சபூதங்கள், உலகத்தின் அடிப்படைக் கூறுகள் (Galatians referent)
Original: στοιχεῖα
Category: Eschatology
στοιχεῖα (3:10, 3:12), physical referent. A genuine missing-vocabulary case: never reuse the Galatians elemental_principles compound (different, spiritual referent), and never பஞ்சபூதங்கள் — already rejected in the Colossians package, and doubly risky here since பூதம் colloquially means ‘ghost/evil spirit’ in everyday spoken Tamil. Mandatory theologian review, every occurrence.
New Heavens And New Earth
Approved rendering: புதிய வானமும் புதிய பூமியும்
Transliteration: puthiya vaanamum puthiya boomiyum
Doctrine: Cosmic Dissolution and the New Heavens and New Earth
Rejected alternatives: மறுபிறவி
Original: καινοὺς οὐρανοὺς καὶ γῆν καινήν
Category: Eschatology
καινοὺς οὐρανοὺς καὶ γῆν καινήν (3:13). Doubly-layered collision: inherits the pipeline-wide ‘never மறுபிறவி’ caution on new_creation vocabulary, PLUS this passage’s cosmic scope (following literal dissolution) sits directly beside Hindu pralaya/kalpa cosmology (Brahma’s days and nights, mahā-yugas, kalpas). Teaching material must state explicitly and repeatedly: a SINGLE, FINAL, non-repeating event, never one iteration of a cyclical wheel. Mandatory theologian review, every occurrence — the single densest collision unit in the whole curriculum.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: சுவிசேஷம்
Transliteration: suvisesham
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: நல்ல செய்தி
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Underlies 2 Peter’s overall framing of apostolic proclamation (1:16, ‘we made known to you the power and coming’) though the bare noun does not recur often in this short letter.
Grace
Approved rendering: கிருபை
Transliteration: kirupai
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: புண்ணியம், ஊழ்வினை பலன்
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. 2 Peter 1:2 (‘grace and peace multiplied’) and the closing 3:18 exhortation (‘grow in grace and knowledge’) both require கிருபை to remain the ground and never the reward of growth, against Tamil புண்ணியம் merit-economy defaults.
Faith
Approved rendering: விசுவாசம்
Transliteration: vishvasam
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: பக்தி
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Opens the virtue chain (1:5) and the letter itself (1:1, ‘faith of equal standing’); never பக்தி.
Called
Approved rendering: அழைக்கப்பட்ட
Transliteration: azhaikkappatta
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: அழைப்பு பெற்ற
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Adjectival root supporting 1:10’s ‘calling and election’ compound.
Holy
Approved rendering: பரிசுத்தம்
Transliteration: parisutham
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: சுத்தம்
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Applied to the mountain of Transfiguration (1:18), the prophets (3:2), the commandment (2:21), and the ethical goal of 3:11. Never சுத்தம்.
Saints
Approved rendering: பரிசுத்தவான்கள்
Transliteration: parisuthavankal
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: சாமியார், சித்தர்
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Not directly textualized in 2 Peter (no explicit hagioi-as-audience-title) but retained for cross-book vocabulary consistency in any teaching material describing 2 Peter’s addressees. Never சாமியார்/சித்தர்.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: பரிசுத்தமாக்குதல்
Transliteration: parisuthamaakkuthal
Doctrine: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Doctrinal cousin of 2 Peter’s ‘Growing in Christian Virtue’ theme (1:5-8); the Spirit’s ongoing sanctifying work underlies but is not separately named by this exact noun in 2 Peter.
Glory
Approved rendering: மகிமை
Transliteration: magimai
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Central to 2 Peter 1:17 (‘honor and glory’); must be kept lexically distinct from the book’s two new terms majesty (மகத்துவம்) and majestic_glory (மாட்சிமையுள்ள மகிமை) so the passage’s layered vocabulary of divine splendor is not flattened.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: தேவனுடைய வல்லமை
Transliteration: Devanudaiya Vallamai
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: சக்தி
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Root for the new compound divine_power (தெய்வீக வல்லமை, 1:3) and the bare power term (வல்லமை, 1:16). NEVER சக்தி, given the living Amman-goddess tradition.
Providence
Approved rendering: தேவனுடைய பராமரிப்பு
Transliteration: Devanudaiya Paramarippu
Doctrine: Providence
Rejected alternatives: ஊழ்
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Retained as cross-reference vocabulary for teaching material on 2 Peter 3:8-9’s Patience of God’s Timing doctrine, which is providence-adjacent (God’s personal, purposive governance of time, never ஊழ் fate).
Promise
Approved rendering: வாக்குத்தத்தம்
Transliteration: vaakkuthatham
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Rejected alternatives: வரம்
Original: ἐπάγγελμα / ἐπαγγελία
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Galatians package; reused exactly. ἐπάγγελμα (2 Peter 1:4) is treated as a synonym of the established ἐπαγγελία and rendered identically; also targeted by the scoffers at 3:4, 3:9. NEVER வரம் (a devotional boon granted in response to penance/vow).
Redemption
Approved rendering: மீட்பு
Transliteration: meetpu
Doctrine: Redemption and Purchase by the Master
Inherited from Galatians package; reused exactly as the root for the new bought_redeemed entry (2:1, ‘the Master who bought them’). The price-payment element grounding substitution must survive; keep distinct from இரட்சிப்பு (salvation).
Wrath Of God
Approved rendering: கோபாக்கினை
Transliteration: kopaakkinai
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Rejected alternatives: கோபம்
Inherited from Ephesians package; reused exactly. Retained as cross-reference vocabulary: 2 Peter 3:7’s judgment/destruction of the ungodly is the judicial-wrath doctrine in different vocabulary (κρίσις/ἀπώλεια rather than ὀργή), and teaching material should draw the connection while using this book’s own new judgment/destruction_perdition terms for the text itself.
Wisdom
Approved rendering: ஞானம்
Transliteration: gnanam
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: மெய்ஞ்ஞானம்
Inherited from Colossians package; reused exactly. Applied at 2 Peter 3:15-16 to Paul’s God-given wisdom in writing (an ordinary, lower-collision sense here than the Colossians 2:3 Christ-anchored technical sense), but must still avoid drifting toward a jñāna-mārga esoteric-knowledge-path reading. Never used bare for this book’s ἐπίγνωσις terms (full_knowledge, knowledge_of_the_lord).
Elemental Principles
Approved rendering: உலகத்தின் அடிப்படைக் கூறுகள்
Transliteration: ulagathin adippadai koorugal
Doctrine: Freedom in Christ
Rejected alternatives: நவகிரகங்கள், கிரக சக்திகள், உலக சக்திகள்
Inherited from Galatians package; reused exactly. RETAINED HERE AS A CRITICAL DISAMBIGUATION TERM: 2 Peter 3:10, 3:12’s στοιχεῖα (physical cosmic elements undergoing dissolution) is a DIFFERENT referent from this Galatians phrase (spiritual/calendar-observance ‘elemental principles’); this compound must NEVER be reused verbatim for 2 Peter 3 — see the new cosmic_elements entry.
New Creation
Approved rendering: புதிய சிருஷ்டி
Transliteration: puthiya srushti
Doctrine: New Creation
Rejected alternatives: மறுபிறவி
Inherited from Galatians package; reused exactly. Retained as a cross-reference term: the new_heavens_and_new_earth entry (2 Peter 3:13) inherits and intensifies this term’s ‘never மறுபிறவி’ caution, given the added collision risk of Hindu pralaya/kalpa cyclical cosmology.
Sin
Approved rendering: பாவம்
Transliteration: paavam
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: தீவினை
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Named in the cleansing-of-former-sins exhortation (1:9) and throughout the letter’s moral vocabulary. Distinct from தீவினை.
Full Knowledge
Approved rendering: முழு அறிதல் / ஆழ்ந்த அறிதல்
Transliteration: muzhu arithal / aazhntha arithal
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Rejected alternatives: ஞானம் (bare)
Original: ἐπίγνωσις
Category: Sanctification
ἐπίγνωσις (1:2, 1:3, 1:8; also 2:20 as knowledge_of_the_lord). Must stay lexically distinct from plain அறிவு (γνῶσις) and never collapse into bare ஞானம் (jñāna-mārga risk). Relational knowing of a person, not gnosis.
Divine Power
Approved rendering: தெய்வீக வல்லமை
Transliteration: deyveeka vallamai
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Rejected alternatives: சக்தி
Original: θεία δύναμις
Category: God
θεία δύναμις (1:3). Built on baseline வல்லமை. Never சக்தி, given the Amman-goddess tradition.
Godliness
Approved rendering: கடவுள்பக்தி
Transliteration: kadavul-bakthi
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Rejected alternatives: பக்தி (bare), தேவபக்தி
Original: εὐσέβεια
Category: Sanctification
εὐσέβεια (1:3, 1:6, 1:7). Genuinely closer to பக்தி in sense than πίστις is, making this harder than the baseline Faith ruling. Fixes the reverence-object permanently as கடவுள் rather than leaving பக்தி free-floating and redirectable to any இஷ்ட தெய்வம். Mandatory theologian review, every occurrence.
Ungodliness
Approved rendering: பக்தியில்லாத / இறையச்சமில்லாத
Transliteration: bakthiyillaadha / iraiyachamillaadha
Doctrine: Godliness and Ungodliness as Moral Opposites
Original: ἀσέβεια / ἀσεβής
Category: Sin
ἀσέβεια/ἀσεβής (2:5-6; 3:7). Direct antonym of godliness; carries the same பக்தி-root residual risk in negation.
Myths
Approved rendering: கட்டுக்கதைகள்
Transliteration: kattukkathaigal
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: புராணக் கதைகள்
Original: μῦθοι
Category: Scripture
μῦθοι (1:16). NEVER புராணக் கதைகள் — that would place apostolic testimony inside the canonical Hindu Mahāpurāṇa genre-category, the opposite of Peter’s claim. கட்டுக்கதைகள் is religiously unmarked and correct.
Power
Approved rendering: வல்லமை
Transliteration: vallamai
Doctrine: Certainty of Christ’s Return
Rejected alternatives: சக்தி
Original: δύναμις
Category: Christology
δύναμις (1:16), bare form. Built on the baseline power_of_god root. NEVER சக்தி.
Scripture
Approved rendering: வேதவாக்கியம்
Transliteration: vedhavaakkiyam
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: மறைபொருள்
Original: γραφή
Category: Scripture
γραφή (1:20; 3:16). Root வேதம் is the standard Tamil name for the Hindu Vedas; retained as the established Tamil Christian idiom (no better-established non-வேதம் alternative exists), but every occurrence must be checked in context to confirm it reads unambiguously as the closed biblical canon, never a generic ‘sacred utterance’ category inclusive of the Vedas or Bhakti hymnody.
False Prophets
Approved rendering: போலி தீர்க்கதரிசிகள்
Transliteration: poli theerkkadharisigal
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ψευδοπροφῆται
Category: False Teaching
ψευδοπροφῆται (2:1). Built on baseline தீர்க்கதரிசி plus the போலி modifier (from the Ephesians false_brothers pattern), never பொய்.
False Teachers
Approved rendering: போலி போதகர்கள்
Transliteration: poli bothakargal
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι
Category: False Teaching
ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι (2:1). Built on the established போதகர் (never குரு) plus the போலி modifier.
Destructive Heresies
Approved rendering: அழிவுதரும் தப்பான போதனைகள்
Transliteration: azhivutharum thappaana bothanaigal
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας
Category: False Teaching
αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας (2:1). Descriptive phrase avoiding any single Tamil word that might sound like a neutral ‘school of thought’; the destructive outcome must be explicit.
Master Despotes
Approved rendering: ஆண்டவர்
Transliteration: aandavar
Doctrine: Lordship and Absolute Mastery of Christ
Rejected alternatives: எஜமான்
Original: δεσπότης
Category: Christology
δεσπότης (2:1; cf. 2:10). Deliberately distinct from கர்த்தர் (κύριος), preserving the letter’s own two-Greek-word distinction for Christ’s authority. Never எஜமான் (mundane household master).
Bought Redeemed
Approved rendering: மீட்டுக்கொண்ட
Transliteration: meettukkonda
Doctrine: Redemption and Purchase by the Master
Original: ἀγοράσαντα
Category: Salvation
ἀγοράσαντα (2:1). Reuses the established மீட்பு/மீட்டுக்கொள்ளுதல் redemption-purchase root. Softening to a generic ‘saved’ would lose the ownership-claim that makes the false teachers’ denial a betrayal.
Tartarus Chains Of Darkness
Approved rendering: இருள் நிறைந்த காவலிடத்தில் அடைத்தல் / இருளின் சங்கிலிகள்
Transliteration: irul niraintha kaavalidathil adaithal / irulin sangiligal
Doctrine: Precedent Judgments on the Ungodly (Angels, Flood, Sodom)
Rejected alternatives: நரகம்
Original: ταρταρώσας … σειραῖς ζόφου
Category: Judgment
ταρταρώσας … σειραῖς ζόφου (2:4). NEVER நரகம் — Tamil/Hindu popular naraka cosmology names TEMPORARY punishment-realms within an ongoing rebirth cycle, a fundamentally different structure from this one-time custodial holding pending a single final judgment. A genuine missing-vocabulary case requiring a descriptive phrase; the Greek mythological Tartarus background belongs in teaching notes only, not a transliterated form.
Greed
Approved rendering: பொருளாசை
Transliteration: porulaasai
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: πλεονεξία
Category: Sin
πλεονεξία (2:3, 2:14). Reuses the established root from the Colossians covetousness_is_idolatry entry. The false teachers’ greed-driven exploitation of believers.
Slaves
Approved rendering: அடிமை
Transliteration: adimai
Doctrine: Counterfeit Freedom versus True Liberty
Original: δοῦλοι
Category: Salvation
δοῦλοι (2:19). What the false teachers themselves actually are — slaves of corruption, despite promising others freedom. Builds on the baseline அடிமை-family root already used in form_of_a_servant and yoke_of_slavery.
Knowledge Of The Lord
Approved rendering: முழு அறிதல்
Transliteration: muzhu arithal
Doctrine: Apostasy and Perseverance in the Faith
Original: ἐπίγνωσις τοῦ κυρίου
Category: Scripture
ἐπίγνωσις τοῦ κυρίου (2:20). Cross-references full_knowledge; describes apostates who once had this knowledge and abandoned it. Elevated pastoral sensitivity given the apostasy context — must read as evidence-of-genuine-faith language, never a merit-earning/forfeiting mechanism.
Dog Sow Proverb
Approved rendering: நாய் தன் வாந்திக்குத் திரும்புதல் / பன்றி சேற்றில் புரள திரும்புதல்
Transliteration: naai than vaanthikkuth thirumbuthal / panri serril purala thirumbuthal
Doctrine: Apostasy and Perseverance in the Faith
Original: κύων ἐπὶ τὸ ἴδιον ἐξέραμα, καὶ ὗς λουσαμένη εἰς κυλισμὸν βορβόρου
Category: False Teaching
κύων … ἐξέραμα, καὶ ὗς … κυλισμὸν βορβόρου (2:22). Cross-references the Philippians dogs_evil_workers_the_mutilation caution: dog-imagery carries caste-adjacent, low-status animal resonance in Tamil social register. The referent (apostate false teachers reverting to corruption) must stay unambiguous so this proverb is never heard as a slur on any present-day community.
Judgment
Approved rendering: நியாயத்தீர்ப்பு
Transliteration: niyaayatheerppu
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: κρίσις
Category: Eschatology
κρίσις (2:9; 3:7). Must be read together with day_of_the_lord and cosmic_elements as a single doctrinal unit describing a final, one-time reckoning, never a recurring cyclical event.
Destruction Perdition
Approved rendering: அழிவு
Transliteration: azhivu
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: ἀπώλεια
Category: Eschatology
ἀπώλεια (2:1, 2:3; 3:7). Must be kept lexically distinct from சீர்கேடு (corruption, φθορά) so present decay and final judicial destruction are not blurred.
Divine Patience
Approved rendering: நீடிய பொறுமை
Transliteration: neediya porumai
Doctrine: Patience of God’s Timing
Original: μακροθυμία
Category: God
μακροθυμία (3:9, 3:15). Deliberately distinguished from steadfastness (நிலைத்திருத்தல், human ὑπομονή, 1:6) — one gloss ‘patience’ must not collapse two distinct Greek terms (divine forbearance vs. human endurance) into one Tamil word.
Righteousness Dwells
Approved rendering: நீதி வாசமாயிருக்கும்
Transliteration: neethi vaasamaayirukkum
Doctrine: Cosmic Dissolution and the New Heavens and New Earth
Original: δικαιοσύνη κατοικεῖ
Category: Eschatology
δικαιοσύνη κατοικεῖ (3:13). Built on baseline நீதி plus the established indwell-verb pattern (Colossians/Ephesians fullness entries). Moral-relational culmination under a personal God, never merely a renewed material substrate awaiting a further impersonal cycle.
Patience As Salvation
Approved rendering: நீடிய பொறுமையை இரட்சிப்பாக எண்ணுங்கள்
Transliteration: neediya porumaiyai iratchippaaga ennungal
Doctrine: Patience of God’s Timing
Original: τὴν τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν μακροθυμίαν σωτηρίαν ἡγεῖσθε
Category: Eschatology
τὴν τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν μακροθυμίαν σωτηρίαν ἡγεῖσθε (3:15). Built on divine_patience and baseline இரட்சிப்பு. The tightest single-verse fusion of the Patience-of-God and Certainty-of-Judgment/Salvation doctrines; must preserve both terms distinctly while showing their tight connection.
Hard To Understand Twist
Approved rendering: விளங்கக் கடினமானவை / புரட்டுகிறார்கள்
Transliteration: vilangak kadinamaanavai / purattugiraargal
Doctrine: Scripture Distortion by False Teachers
Original: δυσνόητα … στρεβλοῦσιν
Category: Scripture
δυσνόητα … στρεβλοῦσιν (3:16). Directly linked to the private_interpretation caution at 1:20: distorting difficult apostolic writing is precisely the failure that verse warns against, connecting the letter’s False Teachers and Scripture-reliability doctrines into one continuous argument.
Fall From Steadfastness
Approved rendering: உங்கள் உறுதியிலிருந்து விலகிவிடாதபடிக்கு
Transliteration: ungal uruthiyilirunthu vilagividaathapadikku
Doctrine: Apostasy and Perseverance in the Faith
Original: ἐκπέσητε τοῦ ἰδίου στηριγμοῦ
Category: Sanctification
ἐκπέσητε τοῦ ἰδίου στηριγμοῦ (3:17). Cross-references the Colossians perseverance_in_faith caution: evidence-of-genuine-faith warning language, never a merit-earning/forfeiting mechanism viewed through the accumulated-புண்ணியம் lens.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: அப்போஸ்தலன்
Transliteration: appostalan
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: குரு
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Peter identifies himself as an apostle (1:1) and appeals to apostolic commandment alongside prophetic Scripture (3:2). Never குரு.
Love
Approved rendering: அன்பு
Transliteration: anbu
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Rejected alternatives: பக்தி, காதல்
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Galatians package; reused exactly. The culminating link of the virtue chain (1:7). Never பக்தி or காதல்.
False Brothers
Approved rendering: போலி சகோதரர்கள்
Transliteration: poli sakodhararkal
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority of Paul
Inherited from Ephesians package; reused exactly as the source pattern for the போலி (‘counterfeit’) modifier applied to this book’s new false_prophets and false_teachers terms, for pipeline-wide consistency (never பொய்).
Day Of Christ
Approved rendering: கிறிஸ்துவின் நாள்
Transliteration: Kiristhuvin naal
Doctrine: The Day of Christ
Inherited from Philippians package; reused exactly and retained here specifically as a DISAMBIGUATION term: it must be kept visibly distinct from this book’s new, Critical-risk day_of_the_lord entry (கர்த்தருடைய நாள்) so teaching material does not blur two related but textually distinct eschatological phrases.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: தேவனுடைய ராஜ்யம்
Transliteration: Devanudaiya Rajyam
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly as the root for the new eternal_kingdom compound (நித்திய ராஜ்யம், 2 Peter 1:11). God’s sovereign reign, not a political/territorial/dynastic kingdom.
Faith Of Equal Standing
Approved rendering: சம மேன்மையான விசுவாசம்
Transliteration: sama menmaiyaana vishvasam
Doctrine: Faith
Original: ἰσότιμος πίστις
Category: Faith
2 Peter 1:1. Affirms equal apostolic-grade privilege shared by all believers, received not achieved; built on baseline விசுவாசம்.
Virtue
Approved rendering: நற்குணம்
Transliteration: nar-gunam
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ἀρετή
Category: Sanctification
ἀρετή (1:3, 1:5). குணம்-root echoes the Sanskrit-derived guṇa concept (sattva/rajas/tamas); manageable risk given the நல்- (‘good’) qualifier, but teaching notes should clarify this names Christlike character, not an impersonal cosmic quality-substance.
Corruption
Approved rendering: சீர்கேடு
Transliteration: seerkedu
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: φθορά
Category: Sin
φθορά (1:4; 2:12, 2:19). Must stay lexically distinct from அழிவு (destruction_perdition, ἀπώλεια) throughout the whole book — ongoing decay versus final judicial destruction.
Desire Lust
Approved rendering: இச்சை
Transliteration: icchai
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Rejected alternatives: ஆசை
Original: ἐπιθυμία
Category: Sin
ἐπιθυμία (1:4; 2:10, 2:18; 3:3). Never ஆசை (already excluded elsewhere in this pipeline for ‘hope’, for its wishful-desire connotation). Qualify negatively in context (தீய இச்சை, மாம்ச இச்சை) wherever the source so qualifies it.
Self Control
Approved rendering: இச்சையடக்கம்
Transliteration: icchaiyadakkam
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Rejected alternatives: தவம், துறவு, விரதம்
Original: ἐγκράτεια
Category: Sanctification
ἐγκράτεια (1:6). Established OV Galatians 5:23 term. Never merit-generating ascetic austerity vocabulary (தவம்/துறவு/விரதம்), already excluded in the Colossians package.
Steadfastness
Approved rendering: நிலைத்திருத்தல்
Transliteration: nilaithiruthal
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Sanctification
ὑπομονή (1:6). Human endurance/perseverance. Deliberately distinguished from divine_patience (நீடிய பொறுமை, μακροθυμία, ch. 3) — the same English ‘patience’ gloss must not collapse two theologically distinct Greek terms into one Tamil word.
Cleansing From Former Sins
Approved rendering: முந்தின பாவங்களின் சுத்திகரிப்பு
Transliteration: munthina paavangalin suthigarippu
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Rejected alternatives: தீர்த்தம், புனித நீராடல்
Original: καθαρισμοῦ τῶν πάλαι … ἁμαρτιῶν
Category: Sin
καθαρισμός τῶν πάλαι … ἁμαρτιῶν (1:9). Once-accomplished cleansing, remembered or forgotten, never a repeatable ritual-bathing category.
Eternal Kingdom
Approved rendering: நித்திய ராஜ்யம்
Transliteration: nithiya rajyam
Doctrine: Entrance into the Eternal Kingdom
Original: αἰώνιος βασιλεία
Category: Kingdom
αἰώνιος βασιλεία (1:11). Built on baseline தேவனுடைய ராஜ்யம் plus நித்திய (eternal); entered richly through present faithfulness, relationally, not politically.
Majesty
Approved rendering: மகத்துவம்
Transliteration: magathuvam
Doctrine: Certainty of Christ’s Return
Original: μεγαλειότης
Category: Christology
μεγαλειότης (1:16). Must be kept lexically distinct from மகிமை (δόξα, glory, two verses later) so the passage’s layered vocabulary of divine splendor is not flattened.
Honor
Approved rendering: கனம்
Transliteration: kanam
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Original: τιμή
Category: Christology
τιμή (1:17), paired with glory. Standing Tamil Bible collocation ‘கனமும் மகிமையும்.‘
Majestic Glory
Approved rendering: மாட்சிமையுள்ள மகிமை
Transliteration: maatchimaiyulla magimai
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Original: ἡ μεγαλοπρεπὴς δόξα
Category: God
ἡ μεγαλοπρεπὴς δόξα (1:17). A reverential circumlocution/title for God the Father, not a separate divine attribute-being; context must keep the referent unambiguously the one Father, against Tamil devotional familiarity with divine epithets (Amman’s many titles, Shiva’s countless epithets).
Holy Mountain
Approved rendering: பரிசுத்த மலை
Transliteration: parisutha malai
Doctrine: Holiness and Holy Living in Light of Judgment
Original: τὸ ἅγιον ὄρος
Category: Scripture
τὸ ἅγιον ὄρος (1:18). Built on baseline பரிசுத்தம். Teaching material must clarify this is a specific, one-time-sanctified historical location tied to a completed event, not an ongoing pilgrimage/darshan site of permanent divine embodiment (cf. Tiruvannāmalai, Palani).
Prophetic Word
Approved rendering: தீர்க்கதரிசன வார்த்தை
Transliteration: theerkkadharisana vaarthai
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: ὁ προφητικὸς λόγος
Category: Scripture
ὁ προφητικὸς λόγος (1:19). Built on baseline தீர்க்கதரிசனம். Presented as at least as certain a ground for faith as apostolic eyewitness experience.
Morning Star
Approved rendering: விடிவெள்ளி
Transliteration: vidivelli
Doctrine: Certainty of Christ’s Return
Original: φωσφόρος
Category: Eschatology
φωσφόρος (1:19). No negative Tamil cultural association (unlike the unrelated English ‘Lucifer = Satan’ association some readers may import from Isaiah 14:12 via the Vulgate). Teaching notes should proactively state this is a wholly positive image of Christ.
Sensuality
Approved rendering: காமவெறி / தறிகெட்ட நடத்தை
Transliteration: kaamaveri / tharikeda nadathai
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ἀσέλγεια
Category: Sin
ἀσέλγεια (2:2). Debauched, licentious conduct promoted and practiced by the false teachers.
Preacher Of Righteousness
Approved rendering: நீதியின் பிரசங்கி
Transliteration: neethiyin pirasangi
Doctrine: Precedent Judgments on the Ungodly (Angels, Flood, Sodom)
Original: δικαιοσύνης κήρυκα
Category: Judgment
κήρυξ δικαιοσύνης (2:5). Built on baseline நீதி. Noah as a positive righteous-preserved precedent figure.
Dominion Authority
Approved rendering: கர்த்தத்துவம்
Transliteration: karthathuvam
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: κυριότητος
Category: Christology
κυριότητος (2:10). Reuses கர்த்தத்துவம் already present in this pipeline’s Tamil doctrine name for ‘Lordship of Christ.’ This abstract-authority sense, applied to created/angelic rank here, must stay distinguishable in context from Christ’s own supreme Lordship elsewhere in the letter.
Children Of Cursing
Approved rendering: சாபத்தின் பிள்ளைகள்
Transliteration: saabathin pillaigal
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: κατάρας τέκνα
Category: Judgment
κατάρας τέκνα (2:14). Built on baseline Critical சாபம். A broader Hebraic moral-character idiom, distinct from the Galatians legal-curse-of-the-law argument; teaching notes should distinguish the two uses.
Way Of Righteousness
Approved rendering: நீதியின் வழி
Transliteration: neethiyin vazhi
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ἡ ὁδὸς τῆς δικαιοσύνης
Category: Salvation
ἡ ὁδὸς τῆς δικαιοσύνης (2:21). Built on baseline நீதி. The gospel path, abandoned by apostates.
Scoffers
Approved rendering: பரிகாசம் செய்பவர்கள்
Transliteration: parigaasam seypavargal
Doctrine: Certainty of Christ’s Return
Original: ἐμπαῖκται
Category: Eschatology
ἐμπαῖκται (3:3). The end-time mockers who deny the Parousia.
Word Of God Creation
Approved rendering: கடவுளுடைய வார்த்தையினால்
Transliteration: kadavuludaiya vaarthaiyinaal
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: λόγῳ τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: God
λόγῳ τοῦ θεοῦ (3:5, 3:7). Built on baseline கடவுள். Creation accomplished by God’s spoken command, grounding confidence that his spoken judgment-word is equally effective; complementary to, not identical with, the Colossians Christ-as-creator doctrine.
One Day As Thousand Years
Approved rendering: ஒரு நாள் ஆயிரம் வருஷங்களைப்போல
Transliteration: oru naal aayiram varushangalaipol
Doctrine: Patience of God’s Timing
Original: μία ἡμέρα παρὰ κυρίῳ ὡς χίλια ἔτη
Category: Eschatology
μία ἡμέρα παρὰ κυρίῳ ὡς χίλια ἔτη (3:8). Teaching notes must contrast this with cyclical yuga-framing: LINEAR divine transcendence of time serving a single purposive plan, never a Brahma-day/Brahma-night cyclical time-structure.
Repentance
Approved rendering: மனந்திரும்புதல்
Transliteration: mananthirumbuthal
Doctrine: Patience of God’s Timing
Original: μετάνοια
Category: Salvation
μετάνοια (3:9). The salvific opportunity created by God’s patient delay of judgment; established Tamil Bible term.
Blameless Spotless
Approved rendering: குற்றமற்றவர்களும் மாசற்றவர்களும்
Transliteration: kutramatravarkalum maasatravarkalum
Doctrine: Holiness and Holy Living in Light of Judgment
Original: ἄσπιλοι καὶ ἀμώμητοι
Category: Sanctification
ἄσπιλοι καὶ ἀμώμητοι (3:14). Cross-references the established Philippians blameless vocabulary. The ethical goal of holy living in light of the coming Day.
Pauls Wisdom
Approved rendering: பவுல் … ஞானம்
Transliteration: paul…gnanam
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: Παῦλος … σοφία
Category: Scripture
Παῦλος … σοφίαν (3:15-16). An early canon-conscious reference treating Paul’s letters as authoritative, Spirit-given writing alongside OT prophetic Scripture. ஞானம் here is used in its ordinary sense; still avoid drifting toward a jñāna-mārga esoteric-wisdom reading.
Grow In Grace And Knowledge
Approved rendering: கிருபையிலும் அறிவிலும் வளருங்கள்
Transliteration: kirupaiyilum arivilum valarungal
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: αὐξάνετε δὲ ἐν χάριτι καὶ γνώσει
Category: Sanctification
αὐξάνετε δὲ ἐν χάριτι καὶ γνώσει (3:18). Built on baseline கிருபை and plain அறிவு (γνῶσις here, not epignōsis). The letter’s closing exhortation, bookending 1:2-3 and 1:5-8; word order must ensure grace precedes and grounds growth.
Low Risk Terms
Prophet
Approved rendering: தீர்க்கதரிசி
Transliteration: theerkkadharisi
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: ஜோசியன்
Original: προφήτης
Category: Scripture
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. ‘The holy prophets’ (3:2); contrasted throughout with 2 Peter’s new term false_prophets (போலி தீர்க்கதரிசிகள்).
Prophecy
Approved rendering: தீர்க்கதரிசனம்
Transliteration: theerkkadharisanam
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: προφητεία
Category: Scripture
Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. The direct subject of the core passage’s inspiration teaching (1:20-21).
Paul
Approved rendering: பவுல்
Transliteration: paul
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: Παῦλος
Category: Church
Inherited proper-name form, established across the whole curriculum. Referred to as ‘our beloved brother Paul’ whose letters contain Spirit-given wisdom (2 Peter 3:15-16).
Brotherly Love
Approved rendering: சகோதர அன்பு
Transliteration: sakodhara anbu
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: φιλαδελφία
Category: Sanctification
φιλαδελφία (1:7). Built on baseline அன்பு.
Body As Tent
Approved rendering: (இந்த சரீரமாகிய) கூடாரம்
Transliteration: (intha sareeramaagiya) koodaaram
Doctrine: Discipleship
Original: σκήνωμα
Category: Discipleship
σκήνωμα (1:13-14). Metaphor for the physical body, used of Peter’s approaching death.
Departure
Approved rendering: புறப்பாடு
Transliteration: purappaadu
Doctrine: Discipleship
Original: ἔξοδος
Category: Discipleship
ἔξοδος (1:15). Ordinary Tamil noun for departure; distinct from யாத்திராகமம் (the book-title ‘Exodus’). Typological echo belongs in teaching commentary only.
Eyewitnesses
Approved rendering: கண்கண்ட சாட்சிகள்
Transliteration: kankanda saatchigal
Doctrine: Certainty of Christ’s Return
Original: ἐπόπται
Category: Scripture
ἐπόπται (1:16). Plain functional rendering; the Greco-Roman mystery-cult background of the Greek term has no Tamil-cultural analogue and belongs only in teaching notes.
Well Pleased
Approved rendering: பிரியமாயிருக்கிறேன்
Transliteration: piriyamaayirukkiren
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Original: εὐδοκέω
Category: Christology
εὐδοκέω (1:17). The Father’s settled divine delight in the Son; must not read as merit-based approval earned by the Son’s performance.
Lamp Shining In Darkness
Approved rendering: இருண்ட இடத்தில் ஒளிரும் விளக்கு
Transliteration: irunda idathil oliyum vilakku
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: λύχνῳ φαίνοντι ἐν αὐχμηρῷ τόπῳ
Category: Scripture
λύχνῳ φαίνοντι ἐν αὐχμηρῷ τόπῳ (1:19). Scripture’s illuminating function amid present darkness, until fuller revelation dawns.
Will Of Man
Approved rendering: மனுஷனுடைய சித்தம்
Transliteration: manushanudaiya siththam
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: θέλημα ἀνθρώπου
Category: Scripture
θελήματι ἀνθρώπου (1:21). Denies human initiative as the origin of biblical prophecy.
Way Of Truth
Approved rendering: சத்திய வழி
Transliteration: sathiya vazhi
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ἡ ὁδὸς τῆς ἀληθείας
Category: Discipleship
ἡ ὁδὸς τῆς ἀληθείας (2:2). The true Christian path, brought into disrepute by the false teachers’ conduct.
Flood
Approved rendering: ஜலப்பிரவாகம்
Transliteration: jalapiravaagam
Doctrine: Precedent Judgments on the Ungodly (Angels, Flood, Sodom)
Original: κατακλυσμός
Category: Judgment
κατακλυσμός (2:5; also 3:6). Established Tamil Bible narrative term for the Genesis Flood.
Example Warning
Approved rendering: எடுத்துக்காட்டு
Transliteration: eduthukkaattu
Doctrine: Precedent Judgments on the Ungodly (Angels, Flood, Sodom)
Original: ὑπόδειγμα
Category: Judgment
ὑπόδειγμα (2:6). Sodom and Gomorrah as an exemplary warning of judgment on the ungodly.
Rescue Deliver
Approved rendering: காப்பாற்று / விடுவி
Transliteration: kaapparru / viduvi
Doctrine: Precedent Judgments on the Ungodly (Angels, Flood, Sodom)
Original: ῥύεσθαι
Category: Salvation
ῥύεσθαι (2:9). God’s rescue of the godly (Noah, Lot) while keeping the unrighteous under punishment awaiting judgment.
Waterless Springs Mists
Approved rendering: நீரில்லா நீரூற்றுகள் / மேகமூட்டம் / காரிருள்
Transliteration: neerillaa neerootrugal / megamoottam / kaarirul
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: πηγαὶ ἄνυδροι … ὁμίχλαι
Category: False Teaching
πηγαὶ ἄνυδροι … ὁμίχλαι … ζόφος τοῦ σκότους (2:17). Vivid images of the false teachers’ emptiness and destined fate.
Swelling Words Of Emptiness
Approved rendering: வீணான பெருமையான வார்த்தைகள்
Transliteration: veenaana perumaiyaana vaarthaigal
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ὑπέρογκα κενότητος
Category: False Teaching
ὑπέρογκα κενότητος (2:18). Reuses established வீண் (empty/vain) from the Philippians selfish_ambition_empty_conceit entry.
Reminder
Approved rendering: நினைப்பூட்டுதல்
Transliteration: ninaippoottuthal
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: ὑπόμνησις
Category: Scripture
ὑπόμνησις (3:1). The letter’s stated purpose: stirring sincere memory of prior apostolic teaching.
Referenced passages