Core Glossary
Core Glossary
English → Fulfulde | Jude 1 | Per-Term Glossary with Translation Risk
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, covering the entire book of Jude (vv.1–25). Terms already fixed in the Romans baseline translation_memory.json are marked [BASELINE REUSE] and reused exactly. All other terms are new to this curriculum and are marked [NEW], with provisional renderings flagged for mandatory native-speaker and/or theologian confirmation per this Language Package’s established methodology for Fulfulde’s thinner Bible-translation tradition.
A. Divine Titles & Christology
| English Term | Greek / Transliteration | Fulfulde Rendering | Risk | Baseline Status | Verse Refs | Risk Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | θεός / theos | Alla | Critical | [BASELINE REUSE] | 1:1, 4, 21, 25 | Per baseline: universal shared term; must be presented in explicitly Trinitarian, Christ-centered terms beyond standard Islamic usage. |
| Lord | κύριος / kyrios | Joom | Critical | [BASELINE REUSE] | 1:4, 5, 9, 14, 17, 21, 25 | Per baseline: exclusive, supreme Lordship; avoid Laamiiɗo (Caliphate-resonant). Jude 1:4’s denial-of-Lordship context and 1:9’s deferred-judgment formula both sharpen this risk. |
| Master/Sovereign Owner | δεσπότης / despotēs | Jeyɗo | High | [NEW] | 1:4 | Must be kept distinct from Joom so the doctrinal weight of Christ’s double title (δεσπότην καὶ κύριον) is preserved, not flattened into redundancy. Theologian confirmation required. |
| Jesus | Ἰησοῦς / Iēsous | Yeesu | Critical | [BASELINE REUSE] | 1:1, 4, 17, 21, 25 | Per baseline: never the Qur’anic form Iisa in doctrinal exposition. |
| Christ | Χριστός / Christos | Kiristu | Critical | [BASELINE REUSE — per requirements doc] | 1:1, 4, 17, 21, 25 | Established transliterated form; reused exactly. |
| Savior | σωτήρ / sōtēr | Kisnoowo | Critical | [NEW — derived from baseline kisal] | 1:25 | Must remain in the kisal word-family; the doxology’s “through Jesus Christ our Lord” mediating clause must never be lost, given Islamic objection to a Christ-mediated salvation. |
| Holy Spirit | Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον / Pneuma Hagion | Ruuhu Ceniiɗo | Critical | [BASELINE REUSE] | 1:19, 20 | Per baseline: always in full; never ruuhu alone; never jinna (jinn). |
| Devil | διάβολος / diabolos | Sheytaane | Critical | [NEW] | 1:9 | Shared vocabulary with Islamic Shaytān/Iblīs, but the Jude 1:9 narrative (dispute over Moses’ body) has no Qur’anic parallel; shared word must not imply shared narrative content. Mandatory theologian review. |
| Archangel Michael | Μιχαὴλ ὁ ἀρχάγγελος | Mikaa’iila, hooreejo malaakaaji | Medium-High | [NEW] | 1:9 | Name shared with Qur’anic Mīkā’īl (point of contact); the specific extrabiblical dispute narrative must be taught as new content. |
| angels (fallen) | ἄγγελος / angelos | malaaka | Critical | [NEW] | 1:6 | Direct doctrinal collision: mainstream Sunni angelology holds angels cannot sin; Jude affirms some did. Must be taught explicitly, not softened. Mandatory theologian review. |
| glorious/celestial beings | δόξαι / doxai | manaaɗi | High | [NEW — derived from baseline manaango] | 1:8 | Distinct sense from baseline glory (God’s own transcendent glory); here denotes created angelic majesties, slandered by false teachers. |
B. Salvation, Grace, and Faith
| English Term | Greek / Transliteration | Fulfulde Rendering | Risk | Baseline Status | Verse Refs | Risk Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| salvation | σωτηρία / sōtēria | kisal | Critical | [BASELINE REUSE] | 1:3 | Per baseline: Islamic soteriology has no atonement framework; must not default to deeds-weighing. |
| save/rescue (verb) | σῴζω / sōzō | kisnude (base) / kisnee (imperative) | Critical | [NEW — derived from baseline kisal] | 1:5, 23 | Verb-form consistency with baseline noun required across the whole curriculum. |
| grace | χάρις / charis | Arjunde | Critical | [BASELINE REUSE] | 1:4 | Per baseline: never barke (marabout-associated); Jude 1:4 is itself a warning against exactly this perversion — must be cross-referenced with Romans 4:4-5, 6:1. |
| faith (creedal deposit) | πίστις / pistis | gomɗinal | High | [BASELINE REUSE] | 1:3, 20 | Per baseline High risk; Jude 1:3 uses the objective/creedal sense (“the faith,” a body of doctrine) — a distinct nuance from Romans’ predominant subjective-trust sense; flag the sense-shift explicitly. |
| mercy | ἔλεος / eleos | yurmeende | High | [NEW — but pre-reserved by baseline notes for this exact sense] | 1:2, 21, 22 (variant), 23 | Baseline explicitly reserves yurmeende for “mercy/compassion” distinct from Arjunde (grace); Jude’s central “Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering” doctrine makes this the letter’s key mercy-term. Must never be confused with Arjunde. |
| eternal life | ζωὴ αἰώνιος / zōē aiōnios | nguurndam duumiiɗam | Medium | [NEW] | 1:21 | New compound for this curriculum; confirm cross-curriculum consistency if reused elsewhere. |
| calling/called | κλητός / klētos | noddaaɓe | Medium | [BASELINE REUSE] | 1:1 | Per baseline Divine Calling doctrine; consistent with Romans usage. |
| apostle(s) | ἀπόστολος / apostolos | nulaaɓe | High | [BASELINE REUSE] | 1:17 | Per baseline: never rasuulu (Muhammad’s title) — the same forbidden-substitution rule applies here without exception. |
| imputed/credited righteousness (conceptual link) | (cf. ἀμώμους, v.24) | peewal jibinaangal (cf.) | Critical | [BASELINE REUSE — conceptual cross-reference] | 1:24 | Jude’s “presented blameless” doctrine should be taught alongside this baseline concept to avoid the “blameless” state collapsing into a self-achieved moral record. |
C. Contending, Judgment, and Ungodliness
| English Term | Greek / Transliteration | Fulfulde Rendering | Risk | Baseline Status | Verse Refs | Risk Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| contend earnestly for | ἐπαγωνίζομαι / epagōnizesthai | haɓɓaade wonande gomɗinal | Critical | [NEW] | 1:3 | MUST NEVER use any Arabic-derived cognate of jihaad; the whole doctrine of “Contending for the Faith” hinges on avoiding this collision. Mandatory theologian review. |
| the faith once for all delivered | ἅπαξ παραδοθείσῃ…πίστει | gomɗinal ngal rokkaa seniiɓe laawol gootol | Critical | [NEW] | 1:3 | Directly counters Islamic tahrif doctrine (claim of scriptural corruption necessitating later correction); must be taught explicitly as a strength of the Christian claim to a fixed, complete revelation. |
| ungodly / ungodliness | ἀσεβής / ἀσέβεια / asebēs / asebeia | añuɓe Alla (pl. adj.) / añgo Alla (noun) | High | [NEW] | 1:4, 15 (x3), 18 | Recurring key term (6 occurrences across the letter); must be distinguished from general “sinner” (bakkotooɓe) since it denotes irreverence/impiety toward God specifically. Mandatory theologian and native-speaker review, every occurrence. |
| judgment/condemnation | κρίμα, κρίσις / krima, krisis | ñaawoore | High | [NEW] | 1:4, 6, 9, 15 | Must be distinguished from Islamic Yawm al-Din deeds-weighing framework; basis of judgment (rejection/perversion of grace) must be made explicit. |
| sinners | ἁμαρτωλός / hamartōlos | bakkotooɓe | Medium | [NEW — derived from baseline bakkaatu] | 1:15 | Derived form; must be distinguished from the more specific añuɓe Alla (ungodly). |
| deny | ἀρνέομαι / arneomai | yeddude | High | [NEW, but directly parallel to baseline Christology cautions] | 1:4 | Direct parallel to mainstream Islamic denial of Christ’s deity/Lordship; must be stated plainly, not softened. |
| blaspheme/slander | βλασφημέω, βλασφημία / blasphēmeō, blasphēmia | salaade (v.) / salaari (n.) | High | [NEW] | 1:8, 9, 10 | Blasphemy carries exceptionally serious legal/social weight in classical Islamic jurisprudence in Fulani scholarly contexts; requires careful, precise handling distinct from Islamic legal categories. |
| error/going astray | πλάνη / planē | majjere | Medium-High | [NEW] | 1:11 | Shared root with Arabic dalāl (spiritual straying in Islamic usage); genuine bridge term, but the basis (departure from grace/gospel vs. Sharia-nonconformity) must be clarified. |
| rebellion/contradiction | ἀντιλογία / antilogia | luutaagu | Medium | [NEW] | 1:11 | Standard term; low ambiguity beyond narrative context (Korah). |
| woe | οὐαί / ouai | Bone! / Yoolaa-ɓe | Medium | [NEW] | 1:11 | Prophetic judgment-oracle formula; confirm strongest natural equivalent with native speakers. |
| eternal fire | πῦρ αἰώνιον / pyr aiōnion | yiite duumiiɗe | High | [NEW] | 1:7, 23 | yiite is shared Arabic-derived vocabulary resonant with Islamic Jahannam imagery; basis for judgment (grace rejected, not deeds-ledger) must be taught alongside this shared term. |
| authority/dominion (rejected) | κυριότης / kyriotēs | laamu | High | [NEW, contextual reuse of baseline laamu Alla root] | 1:8 | Must be distinguished by context from baseline’s laamu Alla (Kingdom of God, Medium risk); here denotes rejected created/derivative authority. |
| desires/lusts | ἐπιθυμία / epithymia | hiiraaɗe bonɗe | Medium | [NEW] | 1:16, 18 | Distinguish from ordinary “wanting”; flag sexual sense where intended (cf. 1:7’s related vocabulary). |
D. Old Testament Types and Proper Names
| English Term | Greek / Transliteration | Fulfulde Rendering | Risk | Baseline Status | Verse Refs | Risk Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Israel (wilderness generation, type) | λαός / laos (contextual) | (contextual — no fixed proper noun in this passage; “yimɓe” + kisnude/halkaa vocabulary) | High | [BASELINE-ADJACENT — cf. israel] | 1:5 | First required OT type; the salvation-then-judgment pattern (saved from Egypt, later destroyed for unbelief) must be taught explicitly as historical, not merely illustrative. |
| Moses | Μωϋσῆς / Mōusēs | Muusaa | Low | [BASELINE — per requirements doc transliteration standards] | 1:9 | Established form; shared with Qur’anic Mūsā, generally a point of contact with minimal risk here. |
| Sodom and Gomorrah (type) | Σόδομα καὶ Γόμορρα | Sodoma e Gomora | Medium | [NEW] | 1:7 | Shared narrative point of contact with Qur’anic account of Lot’s people; framing as “example of eternal fire” needs explicit connection to and distinction from Islamic Jahannam teaching. |
| Cain | Κάϊν / Kain | Kaayiina | Medium | [NEW] | 1:11 | Shared narrative root with Qur’anic Qābīl; narrative emphasis (false worship, envy, murder) should be taught explicitly, not assumed identical. |
| Balaam | Βαλαάμ / Balaam | Balaam | Low-Medium | [NEW] | 1:11 | Minimal Qur’anic overlap; low collision risk. |
| Korah | Κόρε / Kore | Kore | Medium | [NEW] | 1:11 | Partial narrative parallel with Qur’anic Qārūn (Q28:76-82); biblical emphasis (rebellion against Moses’ priestly authority) differs from Qur’anic emphasis (wealth-arrogance) and must be taught explicitly. |
| Enoch | Ἑνώχ / Henōch | Enooku | High | [NEW] | 1:14 | Deliberately distinct from “Idriisa” (the figure identified with Enoch in Islamic tradition); citation of non-canonical 1 Enoch material as prophecy raises canon/inspiration questions requiring direct explanation. |
| David (cross-reference only; not in Jude text but relevant to Michael/Moses-body tradition background) | — | Daawuda | Low | [BASELINE REUSE] | (background only) | No direct occurrence in Jude; included for cross-curriculum consistency if referenced in teaching notes. |
E. Preservation, Presentation, and Doxology
| English Term | Greek / Transliteration | Fulfulde Rendering | Risk | Baseline Status | Verse Refs | Risk Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| keep/kept/preserve (central motif) | τηρέω, φυλάσσω / tēreō, phylassō | reen- root: reenaaɓe (kept ones), reenaa (perfect: is kept/reserved), reenee (imperative: keep!), reenude/φυλάξαι (to keep) | Critical | [NEW — THE central term of the whole letter] | 1:1, 6, 13, 21, 24 | This single root family must render BOTH the positive sense (believers kept by God for glory, vv.1, 21, 24) AND the negative sense (fallen angels kept/reserved for judgment, vv.6, 13) — an intentional ironic contrast in the source text that must remain recoverable through consistent root use plus contextual markers. This is the single highest-priority consistency requirement in the entire curriculum. Mandatory theologian review of every occurrence, with end-to-end back-translation verification. |
| wavering/doubting | διακρινόμενος / diakrinomenos | sikkitiiɓe | High | [NEW] | 1:22 | Central term for “Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering” doctrine; must clearly distinguish the recoverable-wavering from the confirmed-apostate (ἀσεβεῖς) categories. |
| snatch (from the fire) | ἁρπάζω / harpazō | riiwde | Medium-High | [NEW] | 1:23 | Vivid urgency-of-rescue imagery; connects thematically to the “eternal fire” of 1:7 and must retain urgency, not be flattened. |
| blameless / without blemish | ἄμωμος / amōmos | ɓe ngalaa bone | High | [NEW] | 1:24 | Central term for “Kept by God and Presented Blameless” doctrine; provisional descriptive compound requiring theologian confirmation. Must be taught as God’s gracious achievement, not the believer’s own moral record, to avoid collapse into a deeds-weighing framework. |
| present (before God’s glory) | στῆσαι κατενώπιον τῆς δόξης / stēsai katenōpion tēs doxēs | wa’de ɓe darɓe yeeso manaango makko | High | [NEW — uses baseline manaango] | 1:24 | Must retain sense of honored presentation/acceptance; distinguish from Pulaaku’s socially-conferred teddungal per baseline’s existing caution that God’s glory is transcendent, not socially-conferred. |
| glory | δόξα / doxa | manaango | Medium-High | [BASELINE REUSE] | 1:24, 25 | Per baseline; reinforced here in the climactic doxology context. |
| majesty | μεγαλωσύνη / megalōsynē | mawngu | Medium | [NEW] | 1:25 | Part of the fourfold doxological formula; confirm oral-liturgical naturalness. |
| power/might (of God, doxological) | κράτος / kratos | doole (linked to baseline power_of_god, doole Alla) | High | [BASELINE-ADJACENT REUSE] | 1:25 | Must be kept categorically distinct from barke (marabout-associated power), per baseline’s existing power_of_god caution. |
| authority (doxological) | ἐξουσία / exousia | hattirde | Medium | [NEW] | 1:25 | Part of the fourfold doxological formula. |
| eternal/forever (doxological formula) | αἰών / aiōn (πρὸ παντὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος…εἰς πάντας τοὺς αἰῶνας) | ado sahaaji fof…haa abadan | Medium | [NEW] | 1:25 | Standard eternality formula; low ambiguity beyond confirming idiomatic Fulfulde phrasing. |
| amen | ἀμήν / amēn | aamiin | Low | [BASELINE — per requirements doc] | 1:25 | Established transliteration shared with regional Christian and Islamic usage; low risk in this liturgical position. |
| able (God’s capability) | δυνάμενος / dynamenos | Mo hattani | High | [NEW — linked to baseline power_of_god] | 1:24 | Must be kept distinct from barke; grounds the whole doxology in divine capability rather than human effort or mediated blessing. |
F. Church, Community, and Conduct
| English Term | Greek / Transliteration | Fulfulde Rendering | Risk | Baseline Status | Verse Refs | Risk Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| saints | ἅγιοι / hagioi | seniiɓe | High | [BASELINE REUSE] | 1:3 | Per baseline: must read as unmistakably corporate, not an ascetic elite. |
| holy | ἅγιος / hagios | ceniiɗo | Medium | [BASELINE REUSE] | 1:20 | Per baseline; superlative form (ἁγιωτάτῃ, “most holy”) requires additional grammatical confirmation for the Fulfulde superlative construction. |
| church/assembly (contextual: love feasts, division) | ἀγάπαι / agapai; cf. ἐκκλησία background | ñaamdu diisnondiral (love feast) | Medium | [NEW — uses baseline diisnondiral] | 1:12 | New compound for communal fellowship meals; confirm regional naturalness. |
| fellowship | κοινωνία-adjacent (contextual) | diisnondiral | Low | [BASELINE REUSE] | 1:12 (contextual) | Per baseline; standard reuse. |
| beloved | ἀγαπητός / agapētos | yiɗaaɓe | Medium | [NEW] | 1:3, 17, 20 (also implied 1:1 ἠγαπημένοις) | Recurring address term; new compound requiring native-speaker confirmation for naturalness. |
| build up (edification) | ἐποικοδομέω / epoikodomeō | mahdude hoore-mun | Low-Medium | [NEW — aligned with baseline mutual_edification] | 1:20 | Positive counter-action to false teachers’ destructive influence; low doctrinal risk. |
| shepherd (ironic self-serving use) | ποιμαίνω / poimainō | ndewna (root) | Medium | [NEW] | 1:12 | Ironic inversion of positive shepherd/flock imagery; should be taught carefully to leverage, not undercut, its strong positive resonance in Fulani pastoralist culture elsewhere in Scripture. |
| pray (in the Spirit) | προσεύχομαι / proseuchomai | torde | High | [BASELINE-ADJACENT — cf. intercession] | 1:20 | Must be kept distinct from salaa (ritualized Islamic daily prayer), per baseline’s existing caution. |
| mockers/scoffers | ἐμπαῖκτης / empaiktēs | jalkiɓe | Medium | [NEW] | 1:18 | Eschatological scoffer motif; standard term, moderate risk. |
| divisions (causing) | ἀποδιορίζω / apodiorizō | seerndiiɓe kawtal | Medium | [NEW — uses baseline kawtal] | 1:19 | New compound; church-unity risk term. |
| worldly/soulish (lacking the Spirit) | ψυχικός / psychikos | yimɓe ɓalndu | Medium-High | [NEW] | 1:19 | Must clearly connect to the following “not having the Spirit” clause so the distinction is ontological-spiritual, not merely moral. |
Cross-Reference Notes for Phase 2 Enforcement
- The
reen-root family (keep/kept/preserve) is the single most important consistency requirement in this curriculum. It appears at the letter’s opening (1:1), twice in judgment contexts (1:6, 1:13), in the central imperative (1:21), and in the closing doxology (1:24) — forming a deliberate literary envelope. Any Phase 2 translation must verify this root’s consistent use across all five occurrences before the file is considered complete. - The ἀσέβεια/ἀσεβής (ungodly) word-family occurs six times (1:4, 15×3, 18) and must use the same Fulfulde root (añ- / añuɓe Alla / añgo Alla) throughout; this is the letter’s dominant judgment-target category.
- ἐπαγωνίζεσθαι (“contend for”) must never render with any jihad-cognate term. This is a standing Critical-risk forbidden-substitution rule for this curriculum, parallel to the baseline’s rasuulu/barke/jinna forbidden list, and should be added to the Phase 2 AI instruction set’s forbidden-substitution list.
- διάβολος (devil) → Sheytaane and ἄγγελος (fallen angels) → malaaka both require the same “shared word, distinct content” handling the baseline already applies to Almasiihu and Linjiila — flag every occurrence for mandatory theologian review.
- All baseline-reuse terms above (κύριος, χάρις, πίστις, σωτηρία, ἅγιοι, ἅγιος, Ἰησοῦς, Ruuhu Ceniiɗo, nulaaɓe, noddaaɓe, jam, manaango, kisal, gomɗinal) must match
translation_memory.jsonexactly; any deviation must be flagged and escalated per the existing baseline escalation rules.
Critical Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: Alla
Transliteration: Alla
Doctrine: Deity of Christ / God the Father
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Jude 1:1 (‘beloved in God the Father’) and 1:25 (‘to the only God our Savior’) require the same Trinitarian, Christ-mediated framing the baseline mandates beyond standard Islamic usage of Alla.
Lord
Approved rendering: Joom
Transliteration: Joom
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Laamiiɗo (reserve for political rulership, avoid as primary term for divine Lordship)
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Jude 1:4 pairs Joom with the new term Jeyɗo in a direct statement that false teachers ‘deny’ Christ’s exclusive Lordship; Jude 1:9 records Michael deferring judgment to ‘the Lord’ rather than pronouncing it himself. Both contexts sharpen the baseline’s existing Critical risk.
Jesus
Approved rendering: Yeesu
Transliteration: Yeesu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Iisa (Quranic form, reserve only for explicit interfaith-dialogue contexts)
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Occurs in Jude 1:1, 4, 17, 21, 25, consistently in verses where Christ’s deity/Lordship is directly at stake.
Christ
Approved rendering: Kiristu
Transliteration: Kiristu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Established in the Romans baseline requirements document’s transliteration standards (not a standalone translation_memory.json entry there); formalized here as a full TM entry for the Jude package, inherited exactly. Occurs in Jude 1:1, 4, 17, 21, 25.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Ruuhu Ceniiɗo
Transliteration: Ruuhu Ceniiɗo
Doctrine: Sanctification / The Decisive Mark of the Spirit’s Absence
Rejected alternatives: ruuhu (never use alone), jinna (never use; a jinn/spirit being in Islamic and West African folk belief)
Original: Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package exactly. In Jude 1:19 the Spirit’s absence is the decisive diagnostic mark of the false teachers; in 1:20 the Spirit’s presence directs true prayer. Must always be rendered in full, never shortened.
Grace
Approved rendering: Arjunde
Transliteration: arjunde
Doctrine: Perversion of Grace into License
Rejected alternatives: yurmeende (reserved for mercy/compassion, not grace), barke (blessing/marabout-power, never use)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Jude 1:4 is itself a warning against exactly the distortion the baseline flags: the false teachers ‘pervert’ grace into license for sensuality. Cross-reference with Romans 4:4-5, 6:1 mandatory in teaching materials.
Imputed Righteousness
Approved rendering: peewal jibinaangal
Transliteration: peewal jibinaangal
Doctrine: Presented Blameless Before God’s Glory
Rejected alternatives: peewal ɓaawaangal e golle (righteousness earned by works, explicit rejected opposite)
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Jude does not use this term directly but the concept is a REQUIRED cross-reference for teaching 1:24’s ‘presented blameless’ (ɓe ngalaa bone) as God’s credited, gracious achievement rather than the believer’s own moral record, to prevent collapse into an Islamic deeds-weighing framework.
Salvation
Approved rendering: kisal
Transliteration: kisal
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Rejected alternatives: dancal (protection, never stand-alone substitute), aljanna (paradise, never stand-alone gloss)
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Jude 1:3 grounds the letter’s entire urgency in ‘our common salvation’; Islamic soteriology’s deeds-weighing framework must not be allowed to default in wherever this term occurs.
Contend For The Faith
Approved rendering: haɓɓaade wonande gomɗinal
Transliteration: haɓɓaade wonande gomɗinal
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Rejected alternatives: any Arabic-derived jihaad-cognate — ABSOLUTELY FORBIDDEN
Original: ἐπαγωνίζομαι
Category: Faith
NEW CRITICAL COINAGE, built from the non-Arabic root haɓɓ- (‘to struggle/contend’). This is the letter’s thesis verb (1:3). MUST NEVER be rendered with any Arabic-derived cognate of jihaad, which would import holy-war/political-religious struggle connotations absent from Jude’s defensive, doctrinal, non-violent sense. Standing forbidden-substitution rule for this curriculum, parallel to the baseline’s rasuulu/barke/jinna list. Mandatory theologian confirmation.
Faith Once Delivered
Approved rendering: gomɗinal ngal rokkaa seniiɓe laawol gootol
Transliteration: gomɗinal ngal rokkaa seniiɓe laawol gootol
Doctrine: The Once-for-All, Closed Apostolic Deposit
Rejected alternatives: abbreviated forms that drop laawol gootol (‘a single time, no more’) — rejected, as this is the element that answers the tahrif objection
Original: ἅπαξ παραδοθείσῃ…πίστει
Category: Faith
NEW CRITICAL descriptive compound (‘the faith which was given to the saints a single time’). Directly counters the Islamic tahrif doctrine (that earlier scripture was corrupted, requiring later Qur’anic correction); must be taught explicitly as a strength of the Christian claim to a fixed, complete revelation, not glossed past. Mandatory theologian review every occurrence.
Devil
Approved rendering: Sheytaane
Transliteration: Sheytaane
Doctrine: The Devil and the Michael/Moses’-Body Dispute
Original: διάβολος
Category: Christology
NEW CRITICAL term. Shares vocabulary with the widely used Islamic Shaytān/Iblīs, but the underlying narrative (a dispute over Moses’ body, drawn from Jewish tradition reflected in the Testament/Assumption of Moses) has no Qur’anic parallel. This shared word must not be mistaken for shared narrative content — the same caution the baseline applies to Almasiihu and Linjiila. Mandatory theologian review every occurrence.
Angels Fallen
Approved rendering: malaaka
Transliteration: malaaka
Doctrine: Old Testament Warning as Type: Angels Who Sinned
Rejected alternatives: softened verb choices implying angels merely ‘left their place’ rather than sinned — rejected; the fall must be stated as a real, culpable departure
Original: ἄγγελος
Category: Angelology
Standard Arabic-derived loanword shared with Islamic malā’ika. CRITICAL COLLISION: mainstream Sunni angelology teaches angels cannot sin (only Iblīs, generally classed as jinn, disobeyed). Jude 1:6’s explicit statement that angels sinned and now await judgment directly contradicts this widely and confidently held doctrine. No viable native alternative exists; the shared loanword must be used but every occurrence requires explicit teaching of the doctrinal divergence, never softened or avoided. Mandatory theologian review.
Savior
Approved rendering: Kisnoowo
Transliteration: Kisnoowo
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power Through Christ
Rejected alternatives: any rendering that drops the following ‘through Jesus Christ our Lord’ mediating clause — rejected
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Salvation
NEW agentive derivation from baseline kisal (‘the One who saves,’ Jude 1:25). The doxology’s mediating clause (dia Iēsou Christou) must never be dropped, since separating God’s saving role from Christ’s mediating role would remove exactly the point contested by Islamic theology’s rejection of a Christ-accomplished salvation.
Save Rescue
Approved rendering: kisnude / kisnee
Transliteration: kisnude / kisnee
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Original: σῴζω
Category: Salvation
NEW derived verb-forms from baseline kisal: kisnude (base, Jude 1:5, God’s historical rescue of Israel), kisnee (imperative, Jude 1:23, believers rescuing the wavering). Verb-form consistency with the baseline noun kisal required across the whole curriculum; both occurrences must use the same root.
Lacking The Spirit
Approved rendering: ɓe ngalaa Ruuhu Ceniiɗo
Transliteration: ɓe ngalaa Ruuhu Ceniiɗo
Doctrine: The Decisive Mark of the Spirit’s Absence
Rejected alternatives: ɓe ngalaa ruuhu (bare ‘ruuhu’ — never use)
Original: πνεῦμα μὴ ἔχοντες
Category: Sanctification
Renders πνεῦμα μὴ ἔχοντες (Jude 1:19), the decisive mark distinguishing false teachers from true believers. Uses baseline Ruuhu Ceniiɗo (Critical); must always be rendered in full, never shortened, and never confused with jinna (jinn), per baseline forbidden-substitution rule.
Kept Preserved Root
Approved rendering: reen- (reenaaɓe / reenaa / reenee / reenude)
Transliteration: reen- (reenaaɓe / reenaa / reenee / reenude)
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless / God’s Preserving Power to Keep Believers from Stumbling
Rejected alternatives: switching to a different root (e.g. a ‘chained/imprisoned’ word) for stylistic variety in the negative sense — REJECTED; this would sever the letter’s deliberate literary envelope
Original: τηρέω / φυλάσσω
Category: Preservation
THE SINGLE HIGHEST-PRIORITY WHOLE-BOOK CONSISTENCY REQUIREMENT. This root must render BOTH the positive sense (believers kept by God for glory: 1:1, 21, 24) AND the negative sense (fallen angels reserved for judgment: 1:6, 13) — Jude’s deliberate ironic contrast. Mandatory theologian review with end-to-end back-translation verification across all five occurrences before any Phase 2 file is considered complete.
High Risk Terms
Faith
Approved rendering: gomɗinal
Transliteration: gomɗinal
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Rejected alternatives: hoolaare (trust, supporting synonym only)
Inherited from Romans package exactly. IMPORTANT SENSE-SHIFT FOR JUDE: at 1:3 and 1:20, gomɗinal is used in the OBJECTIVE/CREEDAL sense (‘the faith,’ a fixed body of apostolic doctrine) rather than Romans’ predominantly SUBJECTIVE sense (personal trust). Both senses must be distinguishable in teaching materials via context markers; do not silently collapse the objective sense into the subjective one.
Saints
Approved rendering: seniiɓe
Transliteration: seniiɓe
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Jude 1:3 identifies the saints as recipients of the once-for-all-delivered faith; must read as unmistakably corporate, not an ascetic elite, per baseline caution.
Apostle
Approved rendering: nulaaɗo
Transliteration: nulaaɗo
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Prediction
Rejected alternatives: rasuulu (never use; Muhammad’s Islamic title)
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package exactly; RISK ELEVATED for this curriculum’s context. Plural nulaaɓe used in Jude 1:17, appealing to apostolic authority as grounds for confidence against false teachers, which sharpens the standing risk that readers could map apostolic office onto Muhammad’s prophetic title. Forbidden-substitution rule applies without exception.
Glory
Approved rendering: manaango
Transliteration: manaango
Doctrine: Presented Blameless Before God’s Glory / Doxology
Rejected alternatives: teddungal (reserve for human/Pulaaku honor, avoid as primary term for God’s glory)
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Reinforced in Jude’s climactic contexts: believers presented before God’s glory (1:24) and the doxology’s fourfold ascription (1:25). Must never be confused with Pulaaku’s socially-conferred teddungal.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: doole Alla
Transliteration: doole Alla
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power Through Christ
Rejected alternatives: barke (marabout-associated spiritual power/blessing, never use)
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Jude 1:24-25 links God’s power (doole, in the doxology’s fourfold ascription) to his ability (‘the One who is able,’ Mo hattani) to keep believers from stumbling. Must remain categorically distinct from barke.
Sin
Approved rendering: bakkaatu
Transliteration: bakkaatu
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: fenaande (mistake/lie, too weak)
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Root for the new derived plural noun bakkotooɓe (‘sinners,’ Jude 1:15), which must be kept distinct from the more specific añuɓe Alla (‘ungodly ones’).
Israel
Approved rendering: Israa’iila
Transliteration: Israa’iila
Doctrine: Old Testament Warning as Type: Israel’s Unbelief
Inherited from Romans package exactly; RISK ELEVATED for Jude 1:5’s use as the letter’s first OT type. The saved-then-judged pattern (God saved Israel from Egypt, then destroyed the unbelieving generation) must be taught as historical fact establishing a template later applied to the false teachers, not merely an illustrative parable.
Master Sovereign Owner
Approved rendering: Jeyɗo
Transliteration: Jeyɗo
Doctrine: The Double Title: Master and Lord
Rejected alternatives: collapsing into Joom alone (loses the double-title’s escalating force) — rejected
Original: δεσπότης
Category: Christology
NEW coinage from jey- (‘to own’). Renders δεσπότην (Jude 1:4), paired with Joom (κύριος) as a deliberate double title escalating Christ’s absolute divine authority. Must never collapse into a mere synonym of Joom — if it does, the doctrinal weight against Islamic denial of Christ’s supreme, exclusive authority is lost. Mandatory theologian confirmation that the pairing communicates escalation, not redundancy.
Archangel Michael
Approved rendering: Mikaa’iila, hooreejo malaakaaji
Transliteration: Mikaa’iila, hooreejo malaakaaji
Doctrine: The Devil and the Michael/Moses’-Body Dispute
Original: Μιχαὴλ ὁ ἀρχάγγελος
Category: Christology
NEW term (‘Michael, chief of the angels’). Name shared with the Qur’anic Mīkā’īl (Q2:98), a genuine point of contact, but the specific dispute-over-Moses’-body narrative has no Qur’anic parallel and must be taught as new content, not assumed already known.
Glorious Beings
Approved rendering: manaaɗi
Transliteration: manaaɗi
Doctrine: Blasphemy Against Glorious/Angelic Beings
Original: δόξαι
Category: Angelology
NEW derivation from baseline manaango (glory), plural ‘glorious/celestial beings’ (Jude 1:8). Distinct sense from the baseline’s glory entry (God’s own transcendent glory); here denotes created angelic majesties slandered by the false teachers. This sense-shift must not be lost.
Mercy
Approved rendering: yurmeende
Transliteration: yurmeende
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Rejected alternatives: Arjunde (grace — must never be confused with mercy)
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Salvation
NEW term for this curriculum, but pre-reserved by the Romans baseline’s notes for exactly this sense (mercy/compassion, distinct from Arjunde/grace). Occurs in Jude 1:2 (greeting), 1:21 (hoped-for at Christ’s return), 1:22-23 (mercy variant reading, and mercy shown ‘with fear’ to the more compromised). This is the letter’s key doctrinal term for ‘Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering.‘
Ungodly Ungodliness
Approved rendering: añuɓe Alla / añgo Alla
Transliteration: añuɓe Alla / añgo Alla
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: bakkotooɓe (‘sinners’) as an unqualified substitute — rejected; ἀσέβεια denotes irreverence/impiety specifically, not general wrongdoing
Original: ἀσεβής / ἀσέβεια
Category: Judgment
NEW coinage from añ- (‘to hate/oppose’). Occurs SIX times across the letter (1:4, 15 x3, 18) — the letter’s dominant judgment-target category. Root consistency across all grammatical forms must be verified in back-translation. Mandatory theologian and native-speaker review, every occurrence.
Judgment Condemnation
Approved rendering: ñaawoore
Transliteration: ñaawoore
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: κρίμα / κρίσις
Category: Judgment
NEW term for κρίμα/κρίσις. Must be distinguished from the Islamic Yawm al-Din deeds-weighing framework; Jude’s basis for judgment (perverting grace, denying Christ’s Lordship, unrepented ungodliness) must be made explicit every time this word occurs — never let it stand alone as if self-explanatory. Occurs at 1:4, 6, 9, 15.
Deny
Approved rendering: yeddude
Transliteration: yeddude
Doctrine: Denial of Christ’s Exclusive Lordship
Rejected alternatives: any softened rendering implying mere disagreement rather than rejection — rejected
Original: ἀρνέομαι
Category: Christology
NEW standard verb, but flagged High given its context: the false teachers ‘deny’ Christ’s exclusive Lordship (Jude 1:4). Directly parallel to mainstream Islamic denial of Christ’s deity/Lordship; must be stated plainly, never softened.
Blaspheme Slander
Approved rendering: salaade / salaari
Transliteration: salaade / salaari
Doctrine: Blasphemy Against Glorious/Angelic Beings
Original: βλασφημέω / βλασφημία
Category: Judgment
NEW terms (verb/noun) for βλασφημέω/βλασφημία. Blasphemy carries exceptionally serious legal/social weight in classical Islamic jurisprudence (sabb/qadhf) within Fulani scholarly contexts; must be handled with care distinguishing Jude’s usage (irreverent mockery of sacred realities, 1:8, 9, 10) from Islamic legal blasphemy categories. Theologian review required.
Error Going Astray
Approved rendering: majjere
Transliteration: majjere
Doctrine: The Way of Cain, Balaam, and Korah
Original: πλάνη
Category: Judgment
NEW term sharing a root with Arabic dalāl, a widely used Islamic term for spiritual straying tied to Sharia-nonconformity. Genuine bridge term, but Jude 1:11 ties error to Balaam’s departure from grace/the apostolic gospel for mercenary gain, a different basis that must be clarified explicitly.
Eternal Fire
Approved rendering: yiite duumiiɗe
Transliteration: yiite duumiiɗe
Doctrine: Old Testament Warning as Type: Sodom and Gomorrah
Original: πῦρ αἰώνιον
Category: Judgment
NEW term using yiite, shared Arabic-derived vocabulary resonant with Islamic Jahannam imagery. Genuine bridge (Jude 1:7, 1:23), but the theological basis for who is judged (grace rejected/perverted, not a deeds-ledger) must be taught explicitly alongside this shared term every occurrence.
Authority Dominion Rejected
Approved rendering: laamu
Transliteration: laamu
Doctrine: Blasphemy Against Glorious/Angelic Beings
Original: κυριότης
Category: Judgment
NEW contextual reuse of the baseline laamu Alla root, denoting κυριότης (rejected created/derivative authority, Jude 1:8), NOT God’s own kingdom. Must be clearly distinguished by context from laamu Alla (Medium risk, Kingdom of God) to avoid conflation.
Worldly Soulish
Approved rendering: yimɓe ɓalndu
Transliteration: yimɓe ɓalndu
Doctrine: The Decisive Mark of the Spirit’s Absence
Rejected alternatives: a purely moral-behavioral gloss detached from the following Spirit-clause — rejected
Original: ψυχικός
Category: Sanctification
NEW coinage (‘people of the flesh/body’) for ψυχικοί (Jude 1:19). Must clearly connect to the following clause (‘not having the Spirit’) so readers do not read this as a merely moral distinction rather than a spiritual-ontological one.
Israel Wilderness Generation
Approved rendering: yimɓe Israa’iila, kisnaaɓe refi ɓe halkaa
Transliteration: yimɓe Israa’iila, kisnaaɓe refi ɓe halkaa
Doctrine: Old Testament Warning as Type: Israel’s Unbelief
Original: λαὸς (contextual, τὸ δεύτερον τοὺς μὴ πιστεύσαντας ἀπώλεσεν)
Category: OldTestamentTypes
NEW contextual rendering (no fixed proper noun in the passage itself); ‘the people of Israel, saved and afterward destroyed’ (Jude 1:5). The saved-then-judged pattern must be taught as historical fact, not an illustrative parable, given readers’ likely greater familiarity with the Qur’anic account of Israel’s history.
Enoch
Approved rendering: Enooku
Transliteration: Enooku
Doctrine: Citation of Enoch’s Prophecy and the Scope of Inspired Scripture
Rejected alternatives: Idriisa (the figure identified with Enoch in Islamic tradition — deliberately avoided to prevent assumed content-equivalence)
Original: Ἑνώχ
Category: OldTestamentTypes
NEW term, deliberately distinct from ‘Idriisa.’ Jude 1:14-15 directly quotes material from the non-canonical Book of 1 Enoch as true prophecy without thereby canonizing the whole book — a nuance requiring direct explanation for readers steeped in Qur’anic prophetology. Mandatory theologian review.
Wavering Doubting
Approved rendering: sikkitiiɓe
Transliteration: sikkitiiɓe
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Rejected alternatives: collapsing this term into añuɓe Alla or bakkotooɓe — REJECTED; this would undermine the doctrine of merciful rescue
Original: διακρινόμενος
Category: Preservation
NEW coinage from sikke (‘doubt/suspicion’), for διακρινόμενος (Jude 1:22). Must clearly distinguish the recoverable-but-doubting from the confirmed, unrepentant false teachers (añuɓe Alla). Mandatory theologian and native-speaker review; this is the single highest-priority pastoral-theological fencing requirement in the letter.
Snatch From Fire
Approved rendering: riiwde
Transliteration: riiwde
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Rejected alternatives: a generic ‘take/remove’ verb that flattens urgency — rejected
Original: ἁρπάζω
Category: Preservation
NEW term for ἁρπάζω (Jude 1:23), urgent, forceful rescue from imminent danger. Must be locked specifically (not a generic ‘take’ verb) to preserve urgency, and must connect thematically to yiite duumiiɗe (eternal fire, 1:7).
Blameless Without Blemish
Approved rendering: ɓe ngalaa bone
Transliteration: ɓe ngalaa bone
Doctrine: Presented Blameless Before God’s Glory
Rejected alternatives: any rendering implying a self-achieved clean moral record — rejected
Original: ἄμωμος
Category: Preservation
NEW provisional descriptive compound for ἄμωμος (Jude 1:24). No crystallized single Fulfulde theological term exists. Must be taught as God’s gracious achievement (cf. peewal jibinaangal), not the believer’s own moral record, to avoid collapse into an Islamic deeds-weighing framework. Mandatory theologian confirmation before treated as final.
Presented Before Glory
Approved rendering: wa’de ɓe darɓe yeeso manaango makko
Transliteration: wa’de ɓe darɓe yeeso manaango makko
Doctrine: Presented Blameless Before God’s Glory
Rejected alternatives: teddungal-based renderings implying socially-conferred honor — rejected
Original: στῆσαι κατενώπιον τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ
Category: Preservation
NEW descriptive compound for στῆσαι κατενώπιον τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ (Jude 1:24), using baseline manaango (glory). Must retain the sense of honored presentation/acceptance, distinguished from Pulaaku’s socially-conferred teddungal, since God’s glory is transcendent, not socially negotiated.
Power Might Doxological
Approved rendering: doole
Transliteration: doole
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power Through Christ
Rejected alternatives: barke (marabout-associated power, never use)
Original: κράτος
Category: God
Linked to baseline power_of_god (doole Alla); third term of the fourfold doxological ascription (κράτος, Jude 1:25), also linked to God’s capability to keep believers ‘without stumbling’ (1:24). Must be kept categorically distinct from barke.
Able Gods Capability
Approved rendering: Mo hattani
Transliteration: Mo hattani
Doctrine: God’s Preserving Power to Keep Believers from Stumbling
Rejected alternatives: barke-adjacent renderings — rejected
Original: δυνάμενος
Category: God
NEW term for δυνάμενος (‘the One who is able,’ Jude 1:24), conceptually linked to baseline power_of_god. Must always retain the following infinitive purpose clause (‘…to keep you from stumbling…to present you blameless’) in the same sentence unit; never let this stand as a free-floating divine-attribute statement.
Pray In The Spirit
Approved rendering: torde e Ruuhu Ceniiɗo
Transliteration: torde e Ruuhu Ceniiɗo
Doctrine: Praying in the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: salaa (ritualized Islamic five-times-daily prayer) — never substitute or associate
Original: προσεύχομαι (ἐν Πνεύματι Ἁγίῳ)
Category: Sanctification
NEW compound for προσεύχομαι ἐν Πνεύματι Ἁγίῳ (Jude 1:20). Must be kept distinct from salaa and from any suggestion of marabout-mediated petitionary practice, per baseline’s prayer_and_intercession caution.
Medium Risk Terms
Holy
Approved rendering: ceniiɗo
Transliteration: ceniiɗo
Doctrine: Building Up on the Most Holy Faith
Rejected alternatives: laaɓɗo (reserve for ritual/physical cleanliness)
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Jude 1:20 uses the superlative form (ἁγιωτάτῃ, ‘most holy faith’), rendered gomɗinal ceniindi no feewi; this superlative construction requires additional native-speaker grammatical confirmation beyond the baseline’s simple adjectival use.
Called
Approved rendering: noddaaɗo
Transliteration: noddaaɗo
Doctrine: Divine Calling of the Recipients
Rejected alternatives: torraaɗo (invited, too weak)
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Plural noddaaɓe used in Jude 1:1 to identify the recipients’ God-given identity, alongside yiɗaaɓe (beloved) and reenaaɓe (kept).
Calling
Approved rendering: noddaandi
Transliteration: noddaandi
Doctrine: Divine Calling of the Recipients
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package exactly. No new Jude-specific occurrence beyond the general Divine Calling doctrine background for 1:1.
Church
Approved rendering: kawtal
Transliteration: kawtal
Doctrine: The Decisive Mark of the Spirit’s Absence
Rejected alternatives: moosaale (mosque, never use)
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Root for the new compound seerndiiɓe kawtal (‘those who divide the assembly,’ Jude 1:19), describing the false teachers’ factionalizing effect on the church.
Intercession
Approved rendering: torgol wonande
Transliteration: torgol wonande
Doctrine: Praying in the Holy Spirit
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Root for torde e Ruuhu Ceniiɗo (‘praying in the Holy Spirit,’ Jude 1:20), which must be kept distinct from salaa, the ritualized Islamic daily prayer.
Prophet
Approved rendering: annabi
Transliteration: annabi
Doctrine: Citation of Enoch’s Prophecy and the Scope of Inspired Scripture
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Background term for Enoch’s status as a prophetic figure; care required that readers do not assume Enoch’s prophecy in Jude 1:14-15 canonizes the whole book of 1 Enoch as scripture equal to annabi-labeled canonical prophets.
Prophecy
Approved rendering: annabaawo
Transliteration: annabaawo
Doctrine: Citation of Enoch’s Prophecy / Apostolic Prediction of End-Times Mockers
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Used at Jude 1:14 (Enoch prophesied) and conceptually at 1:17-18 (apostolic prediction of scoffers); flagged additionally here because Enoch’s prophecy source is non-canonical (see enoch entry below).
Father
Approved rendering: Baaba
Transliteration: Baaba
Doctrine: Salutation: Mercy, Peace, and Love Multiplied
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Jude 1:1 addresses recipients as ‘beloved in God the Father’ (ἐν θεῷ πατρὶ ἠγαπημένοις).
Abba
Approved rendering: Abba
Transliteration: Abba
Doctrine: Salutation: Mercy, Peace, and Love Multiplied
Inherited from Romans package exactly. No direct occurrence in Jude; retained for cross-curriculum consistency with the Baaba/Abba pairing established for Romans 8:15.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: laamu Alla
Transliteration: laamu Alla
Doctrine: Background contrast term
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Root for laamu (‘authority/dominion,’ contextual reuse), the NEW term below rendering κυριότης (rejected authority) at Jude 1:8; the two must be kept clearly distinct by context — laamu Alla is God’s own kingdom, while bare laamu at 1:8 denotes rejected created/derivative authority.
Beloved
Approved rendering: yiɗaaɓe
Transliteration: yiɗaaɓe
Doctrine: Salutation: Mercy, Peace, and Love Multiplied / Divine Calling of the Recipients
Original: ἀγαπητός
Category: Church
NEW compound from yiɗde (‘to love’), passive participle ‘beloved ones.’ Recurring address term across the letter (1:1 ἠγαπημένοις, 1:3, 1:17, 1:20). Requires native-speaker confirmation for naturalness given the thinner base of established Fulfulde Christian devotional vocabulary; no baseline precedent.
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: nguurndam duumiiɗam
Transliteration: nguurndam duumiiɗam
Doctrine: Keep Yourselves in God’s Love, Awaiting Mercy
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Salvation
NEW compound (‘life that endures forever,’ Jude 1:21). Confirm cross-curriculum consistency if this phrase is used elsewhere in the pipeline.
Sinners
Approved rendering: bakkotooɓe
Transliteration: bakkotooɓe
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἁμαρτωλός
Category: Judgment
NEW derived form from baseline bakkaatu (sin). Paired with añuɓe Alla in Jude 1:15 (general sin plus specific irreverence); must be kept distinct from the more specific añuɓe Alla.
Rebellion
Approved rendering: luutaagu
Transliteration: luutaagu
Doctrine: The Way of Cain, Balaam, and Korah
Original: ἀντιλογία
Category: Judgment
NEW standard term for ἀντιλογία (Jude 1:11), Korah’s characteristic sin of rebelling against Moses’ and Aaron’s God-given authority.
Woe
Approved rendering: Bone! / Yoolaa-ɓe
Transliteration: Bone! / Yoolaa-ɓe
Doctrine: The Way of Cain, Balaam, and Korah
Original: οὐαί
Category: Judgment
NEW interjection for οὐαί, the formal prophetic judgment-oracle formula opening Jude 1:11. Confirm the strongest natural Fulfulde prophetic-lament equivalent with native speakers.
Desires Lusts
Approved rendering: hiiraaɗe bonɗe
Transliteration: hiiraaɗe bonɗe
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἐπιθυμία
Category: Judgment
NEW term for ἐπιθυμία (Jude 1:16, 18). Must be distinguished from ordinary ‘wanting’ and specifically flagged where a sexual sense is intended (cf. 1:7’s related vocabulary).
Dreamers Visionary Claims
Approved rendering: koyɗuɓe
Transliteration: koyɗuɓe
Doctrine: Blasphemy Against Glorious/Angelic Beings
Original: ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι
Category: Judgment
NEW term for ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι (Jude 1:8), those grounding authority in dream/vision-experience rather than the apostolic deposit. Sensitive given the significance of dreams/visions in some regional folk-religious and Sufi practice; must not be confused with legitimate prophetic revelation.
Defile
Approved rendering: ɓittude / tuundude
Transliteration: ɓittude / tuundude
Doctrine: Blasphemy Against Glorious/Angelic Beings
Original: μιαίνω
Category: Sanctification
NEW term for μιαίνω (Jude 1:8), moral contamination of the flesh through sin. Must be distinguished from ritual (Islamic najis/impurity) defilement, per the baseline’s existing cautions under holy/sanctification.
Mockers Scoffers
Approved rendering: jalkiɓe
Transliteration: jalkiɓe
Doctrine: Apostolic Prediction of End-Times Mockers
Original: ἐμπαίκτης
Category: Judgment
NEW term from jalka- (‘to mock’), for ἐμπαῖκται (Jude 1:18), the predicted end-times scoffers of eschatological/prophetic claims.
Divisions Causing
Approved rendering: seerndiiɓe kawtal
Transliteration: seerndiiɓe kawtal
Doctrine: The Decisive Mark of the Spirit’s Absence
Original: ἀποδιορίζω
Category: Church
NEW compound using baseline kawtal (church/assembly), for ἀποδιορίζοντες (Jude 1:19), the false teachers who fracture church unity.
Sodom And Gomorrah
Approved rendering: Sodoma e Gomora
Transliteration: Sodoma e Gomora
Doctrine: Old Testament Warning as Type: Sodom and Gomorrah
Original: Σόδομα καὶ Γόμορρα
Category: OldTestamentTypes
NEW transliterated proper names (Jude 1:7). Shared narrative point of contact with the Qur’anic account of Lot’s people (Q7, Q11, Q26, Q29); the two accounts diverge in framing (Jude cites it as a pattern of eternal fire) and this must be taught explicitly, not assumed identical.
Cain
Approved rendering: Kaayiina
Transliteration: Kaayiina
Doctrine: The Way of Cain, Balaam, and Korah
Original: Κάϊν
Category: OldTestamentTypes
NEW transliteration (Jude 1:11). Shared narrative root with Qur’anic Qābīl; Genesis’s emphasis (false worship, envy, murder of Abel) should be taught explicitly, not assumed identical to regional retellings.
Korah
Approved rendering: Kore
Transliteration: Kore
Doctrine: The Way of Cain, Balaam, and Korah
Original: Κόρε
Category: OldTestamentTypes
NEW transliteration (Jude 1:11). Partial narrative parallel with Qur’anic Qārūn (Q28:76-82), whose sin is emphasized as wealth-arrogance rather than rebellion against Moses’ priestly authority; the biblical emphasis must be taught explicitly rather than assumed shared.
Majesty
Approved rendering: mawngu
Transliteration: mawngu
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power Through Christ
Original: μεγαλωσύνη
Category: God
NEW term for μεγαλωσύνη, second term of the doxology’s fourfold ascription (Jude 1:25). Confirm oral-liturgical naturalness with native speakers given the strong oral-recitation tradition in Fulani religious culture.
Authority Doxological
Approved rendering: hattirde
Transliteration: hattirde
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power Through Christ
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: God
NEW term for ἐξουσία, fourth term of the doxology’s fourfold ascription (Jude 1:25). Part of a fixed liturgical formula; confirm naturalness alongside doole and mawngu.
Eternal Formula
Approved rendering: ado sahaaji fof, e jooni, e haa abadan
Transliteration: ado sahaaji fof, e jooni, e haa abadan
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power Through Christ
Original: πρὸ παντὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος καὶ νῦν καὶ εἰς πάντας τοὺς αἰῶνας
Category: God
NEW idiomatic formula for πρὸ παντὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος καὶ νῦν καὶ εἰς πάντας τοὺς αἰῶνας (Jude 1:25). Confirm it reads as a natural three-part eternality expression (before all time / now / forever) with native speakers.
Love Feast Church Gathering
Approved rendering: ñaamdu diisnondiral
Transliteration: ñaamdu diisnondiral
Doctrine: Corrupted Fellowship and Self-Serving False Shepherds
Original: ἀγάπαι
Category: Church
NEW compound built on baseline diisnondiral (fellowship), for ἀγάπαι (Jude 1:12), the communal fellowship meals corrupted by the false teachers’ self-serving presence.
Shepherd Ironic Self Serving
Approved rendering: ndewna
Transliteration: ndewna
Doctrine: Corrupted Fellowship and Self-Serving False Shepherds
Original: ποιμαίνω
Category: Church
NEW root for ποιμαίνω (Jude 1:12), ‘shepherding only themselves’ — an ironic inversion of true pastoral care. Must be taught carefully to leverage, not undercut, the strong positive resonance of shepherd/flock imagery in Fulani pastoralist culture used positively elsewhere in the curriculum pipeline.
Low Risk Terms
Fellowship
Approved rendering: diisnondiral
Transliteration: diisnondiral
Doctrine: Corrupted Fellowship and Self-Serving False Shepherds
Original: κοινωνία (contextual)
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package exactly. Contextual background for the ‘love feasts’ (ñaamdu diisnondiral) of Jude 1:12, corrupted by the false teachers’ self-serving presence.
David
Approved rendering: Daawuda
Transliteration: Daawuda
Doctrine: Background reference only
Inherited from Romans package exactly. No direct occurrence in Jude’s text; included for cross-curriculum consistency should teaching notes reference the Michael/Moses’-body tradition’s broader Second Temple Jewish background.
Moses
Approved rendering: Muusaa
Transliteration: Muusaa
Doctrine: The Devil and the Michael/Moses’-Body Dispute
Original: Μωϋσῆς
Category: OldTestamentTypes
Established in the Romans baseline requirements document’s transliteration standards; formalized as a full TM entry here. Jude 1:9 references a dispute over Moses’ body; shared with Qur’anic Mūsā, a point of contact with minimal risk in this specific reference.
Amen
Approved rendering: aamiin
Transliteration: aamiin
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power Through Christ
Original: ἀμήν
Category: Church
Established in the Romans baseline requirements document’s transliteration standards; formalized as a full TM entry here. Closes the doxology at Jude 1:25; shared with regional Christian and Islamic usage, low ambiguity risk in this liturgical position.
Balaam
Approved rendering: Balaam
Transliteration: Balaam
Doctrine: The Way of Cain, Balaam, and Korah
Original: Βαλαάμ
Category: OldTestamentTypes
NEW transliteration (Jude 1:11), unmodified. Minimal Qur’anic overlap; lowest-risk proper name in the letter.
Build Up Edification
Approved rendering: mahdude hoore-mun
Transliteration: mahdude hoore-mun
Doctrine: Building Up on the Most Holy Faith
Original: ἐποικοδομέω
Category: Church
NEW term consonant with the baseline’s mutual_edification vocabulary, for ἐποικοδομέω (Jude 1:20). Positive counter-action to the false teachers’ destructive influence; low doctrinal risk.
Referenced passages