Core Glossary
Core Glossary: Matthew (Sanskrit)
Section 1 — Terms Reused Exactly from the Romans Baseline (translation_memory.json)
| Term (Eng) | Sanskrit | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Matthew occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gospel | सुसमाचारः | susamācāraḥ | High | Gospel of the Kingdom | 4:23, 9:35, 24:14, 26:13 |
| Faith | विश्वासः | viśvāsaḥ | High | Faith | 8:10, 9:2, 9:22, 14:31, 15:28, 17:20, 21:21 |
| Grace | अनुग्रहः | anugrahaḥ | High | Grace (implicit throughout parables of unmerited mercy) | cf. 20:1-16, 18:23-35 |
| Righteousness | धार्मिकता | dhārmikatā | Critical | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | 3:15, 5:6, 5:10, 5:20, 6:1, 6:33, 21:32 |
| Salvation | त्राणम् | trāṇam | Critical | Salvation | 1:21, 8:25, 9:22, 14:30, 19:25 |
| Apostle | प्रेषितः | preṣitaḥ | Medium | Great Commission / Sending of the Twelve | 10:2 |
| Called/Calling | आहूतः / आह्वानम् | āhūtaḥ / āhvānam | High | Divine Calling | 4:21, 9:13, 22:14 |
| Holy | पवित्रम् | pavitram | High | Sanctification | throughout |
| Saints | पवित्राः जनाः | pavitrāḥ janāḥ | High | (implicit, ecclesiology) | 27:52 |
| Sanctification | पवित्रीकरणम् | pavitrīkaraṇam | High | Sanctification | (implicit, ch. 5-7) |
| Adoption | पुत्रत्वेन स्वीकरणम् | putratvena svīkaraṇam | High | Sonship of believers (5:9, 5:45) | 5:9, 5:45 |
| Resurrection | पुनरुत्थानम् | punarutthānam | Critical | Resurrection of Christ | 17:9, 17:23, 20:19, 22:23-33, 27:53, 27:63-64, 28:1-7 |
| Lord | प्रभुः | prabhuḥ | Critical | Lordship of Christ | 3:3, 7:21-22, 8:2, 8:25, 21:9, 22:41-45 |
| Son of God | परमेश्वरस्य पुत्रः | parameśvarasya putraḥ | Critical | Sonship/Deity of Christ | 3:17, 4:3-6, 8:29, 14:33, 16:16, 26:63-64, 27:40, 27:43, 27:54 |
| Incarnation | देहधारणम् | dehadhāraṇam | Critical | Incarnation | 1:18-25 |
| Peace | शान्तिः | śāntiḥ | Medium | (implicit, 5:9) | 5:9, 10:13, 10:34 |
| Spiritual Gifts | आत्मिकं वरदानम् | ātmikaṃ varadānam | Medium | (implicit, 25:14-30 talents-adjacent) | cf. 25:14-30 |
| Church | मण्डली | maṇḍalī | Medium | The Church and Church Discipline | 16:18, 18:17 |
| Kingdom of God | परमेश्वरस्य राज्यम् | parameśvarasya rājyam | Medium | The Kingdom of Heaven (synonym) | 12:28, 19:24, 21:31, 21:43 |
| Law | विधिः | vidhiḥ | High | Fulfillment of Prophecy / the Law | 5:17-18, 7:12, 22:36-40, 23:23 |
| Sin | पापम् | pāpam | High | Universal Human Accountability | 1:21, 3:6, 6:12, 9:2-6, 12:31, 26:28 |
| Gentiles | अन्यजातीयाः | anyajātīyāḥ | Medium | Unity of Jews and Gentiles / Great Commission | 4:15, 6:32, 10:5, 10:18, 12:18, 12:21, 20:19, 28:19 |
| Glory | महिमा | mahimā | High | Deity of Christ / Transfiguration | 16:27, 17:2, 19:28, 24:30, 25:31 |
| Covenant | संविद् | saṃvid | High | New Covenant | 26:28 |
| Election | परमेश्वरस्य वरणम् | parameśvarasya varaṇam | High | (implicit, 22:14 “many called, few chosen”) | 22:14, 24:22, 24:24, 24:31 |
| Providence | परमेश्वरस्य विधानम् | parameśvarasya vidhānam | High | (implicit, 6:25-34; 10:29-31) | 6:25-34, 10:29-31 |
| Mission | सुसमाचारप्रचारः | susamācāraprachāraḥ | Medium | Great Commission | 10:1-42, 24:14, 28:16-20 |
| David | दाविद् | dāvid | Medium | Jesus as Son of David | 1:1, 1:6, 1:17, 1:20, 9:27, 12:23, 15:22, 20:30-31, 21:9, 21:15, 22:42-45 |
| Israel | इस्राएलः | isrāelaḥ | Medium | (throughout) | 2:6, 2:20-21, 8:10, 9:33, 10:6, 10:23, 15:24, 15:31, 19:28, 27:9, 27:42 |
| Jesus | यीशुः | yīśuḥ | Critical | (throughout) | throughout |
| God | सर्वेश्वरः | sarveśvaraḥ | Critical | (throughout) | throughout |
| Holy Spirit | पवित्र आत्मा | pavitra ātmā | Critical | (throughout) | 1:18, 1:20, 3:11, 3:16, 4:1, 12:28, 12:31-32, 28:19 |
| Father | पिता | pitā | Critical | Adoption / Lord’s Prayer | 5:16, 5:45, 5:48, 6:1-18, 7:11, 7:21, 11:25-27, 28:19 |
| Abba | अब्बा | abbā | High | (not used verbatim in Matthew; retained for consistency) | — |
| Thanksgiving | धन्यवादः | dhanyavādaḥ | Low | (implicit, 15:36, 26:27) | 15:36, 26:27 |
| Fellowship | सहभागिता | sahabhāgitā | Low | (implicit, table-fellowship scenes) | 9:10-13, 26:26-29 |
| Exhort | उत्तेजनम् | uttejanam | Low | (root shared with 5:4 “comforted”) | 5:4 |
| Seed of David | दाविदः वंशात् | dāvidaḥ vaṃśāt | High | Davidic Covenant | 1:1-17 |
| Messiah | मसीहः | masīhaḥ | Critical | Jesus as the Promised Messiah | 1:1, 1:16-17, 2:4, 11:2-3, 16:16, 16:20, 22:42, 24:5, 24:23-24, 26:63, 26:68, 27:17, 27:22 |
| Prophet | भविष्यद्वक्ता | bhaviṣyadvaktā | Low | Fulfillment of Prophecy | 1:22, 2:5, 2:15, 2:17, 2:23, 3:3, 4:14, 5:12, 5:17, 7:12, 8:17, 11:9-13, 12:17, 12:39, 13:14, 13:17, 13:35, 13:57, 21:4, 21:11, 21:26, 21:46, 22:40, 23:29-37, 24:11, 24:15, 24:24, 26:56, 27:9 |
| Prophecy | भविष्यवाणी | bhaviṣyavāṇī | Low | Fulfillment of Prophecy | throughout fulfillment citations |
| Obedience of Faith | विश्वासस्य आज्ञापालनम् | viśvāsasya ājñāpālanam | High | (implicit, 7:21-27 “does the will of my Father”) | 7:21-27 |
| Power of God | परमेश्वरस्य सामर्थ्यम् | parameśvarasya sāmarthyam | High | (implicit throughout miracles) | 6:13 (doxology, some mss.), 9:8, 22:29 |
| Imputed Righteousness | आरोपिता धार्मिकता | āropitā dhārmikatā | Critical | Righteousness (not a distinct Matthean pericope, retained for cross-curriculum consistency) | cf. 5:6, 5:20 |
Section 2 — New Terms Introduced by Matthew, Organized by Curriculum Doctrine
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven
| Term (Eng) | Greek (translit.) | Sanskrit | Transliteration | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kingdom of Heaven | βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν (basileia tōn ouranōn) | स्वर्गस्य राज्यम् | svargasya rājyam | Critical | स्वर्ग names Svarga, a temporary meritorious heaven-realm; must be explicitly taught as semantically equivalent to baseline’s परमेश्वरस्य राज्यम् but the eternal, sovereign reign of God, never a temporary loka attained by puṇya. First occurrence Matt 3:2. |
| Kingdom (parable form) | dedicated parables (13:1-52) | reuse स्वर्गस्य राज्यम् | — | Critical | Every parable-opening formula (“the kingdom of heaven is like…”) carries the same risk; note required at first parable occurrence (13:24, 13:31, 13:33, 13:44-47). |
Doctrine: Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David
| Term (Eng) | Greek (translit.) | Sanskrit | Transliteration | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Son of David | υἱὸς Δαυίδ (huios Dauid) | दाविदः पुत्रः | dāvidaḥ putraḥ | High | Royal-messianic title; requires explicit OT covenant background (no analogous concept in classical Sanskrit literature per baseline’s Davidic Covenant note). |
| Immanuel | Ἐμμανουήλ (Emmanouēl) | इम्मानूएल् | immānūel | Critical | Glossed अस्माभिः सह परमेश्वरः; ties to Incarnation and Deity of Christ. |
| Virgin | παρθένος (parthenos) | कुमारी | kumārī | High | Literal, historical, unique event; must not be assimilated to Purāṇic miraculous-birth narrative genre. |
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy
| Term (Eng) | Greek (translit.) | Sanskrit | Transliteration | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fulfill | πληρόω (plēroō) | पूर्तिं करोति / पूरयति | pūrtiṃ karoti / pūrayati | High | Linear historical fulfillment, never cyclical yuga-avatāra fulfillment pattern (Gītā 4.7-8). ~10 formulaic occurrences. |
| Magi / Wise Men | μάγοι (magoi) | विद्वांसः | vidvāṃsaḥ | Medium | Rejected: ज्योतिषिकाः (astrologers) — would endorse astrology as revelatory method. |
| Star (of Bethlehem) | ἀστήρ (astēr) | तारा | tārā | Medium | Unique one-time sign, not validation of jyotiṣa as ongoing practice. |
| Worship/Homage | προσκυνέω (proskyneō) | प्रणिपातः | praṇipātaḥ | High | Must be consistent across 2:11, 4:9-10, 28:9,17; never one worship-worthy figure among many (iṣṭadevatā risk). |
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
| Term (Eng) | Greek (translit.) | Sanskrit | Transliteration | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Authority | ἐξουσία (exousia) | अधिकारः | adhikāraḥ | Medium | Avoid Mīmāṃsā adhikāra (ritual-eligibility) reading; Christ’s authority is inherent, not qualification-based. |
| Teach/Teaching | διδάσκω (didaskō) | उपदिशति / शिक्षां ददाति | upadiśati / śikṣāṃ dadāti | Medium | Guru-upadeśa resonance; pair with explicit note on Christ’s unique, self-grounded authority. |
| Disciple | μαθητής (mathētēs) | शिष्यः | śiṣyaḥ | High | Same class of risk as baseline’s “apostle”; guru-śiṣya-paramparā collision. |
| Rabbi/Teacher (forbidden honorific) | ῥαββί (rabbi), διδάσκαλος (didaskalos) | उपदेशकः / शिक्षकः (not गुरुः) | upadeśakaḥ / śikṣakaḥ | High | Matt 23:8-10’s own polemic against honorific teacher-titles reinforces baseline’s independent caution against गुरुः. |
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
| Term (Eng) | Greek (translit.) | Sanskrit | Transliteration | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Righteousness exceeding | περισσεύσῃ … δικαιοσύνη | अधिका धार्मिकता | adhikā dhārmikatā | Critical | Must not be misread as a stricter dharma superseding Pharisaic dharma; is inward transformation, not intensified rule-keeping. Matt 5:20. |
| Perfect | τέλειος (teleios) | पूर्णः (not सिद्धः) | pūrṇaḥ | Medium | सिद्ध rejected: names attained yogic mastery/siddhi. Matt 5:48. |
| Love | ἀγάπη / ἀγαπάω (agapē/agapaō) | प्रेम | prema | Critical | Rejected: कामः (erotic), स्नेहः (too weak), भक्तिः (reserved bhakti-mārga soteriological path). Prema itself is Gauḍīya Vaiṣṇava bhakti’s culminating romantic-devotional love term; mandatory redefinition every occurrence. Matt 5:44, 22:37-39. |
| Defilement (ritual clean/unclean) | κοινός (koinos) | अशुद्धिः | aśuddhiḥ | High | Direct textual engagement with śuddhi/āśauca purity system underlying varṇa social structure (Matt 15:11). |
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline
| Term (Eng) | Greek (translit.) | Sanskrit | Transliteration | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bind and loose | δέω / λύω (deō/lyō) | निषेधं करोति / अनुज्ञां करोति | niṣedhaṃ karoti / anujñāṃ karoti | Critical | NEVER बन्धनम्/मोक्षः-मुक्तिः literally — this is the exact bandha/mokṣa liberation-soteriology pair already forbidden by the baseline for “salvation.” Matt 16:19, 18:18. |
| Keys of the Kingdom | κλεῖδας τῆς βασιλείας | राज्यस्य कुञ्चिकाः | rājyasya kuñcikāḥ | Medium | Authority-metaphor; doctrinal weight carried by paired bind/loose term. Matt 16:19. |
| Tradition (of the elders) | παράδοσις τῶν πρεσβυτέρων | परम्परा | paramparā | Medium | Same word as guru-lineage transmission; here a human tradition relativized by God’s command. Matt 15:2-6. |
| Temple (literal building) | ἱερόν / ναός | मन्दिरम् | mandiram | Medium (clarification) | Correct here for the literal Jerusalem building; NOT a contradiction of baseline’s rejection of मन्दिरम् for “church” (different referent). |
Doctrine: The Great Commission
| Term (Eng) | Greek (translit.) | Sanskrit | Transliteration | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Disciple-making (of all nations) | μαθητεύσατε πάντα τὰ ἔθνη | शिष्यत्वकरणम् (सर्वजातीः) | śiṣyatvakaraṇam (sarvajātīḥ) | High | Inherits शिष्य’s guru-paramparā caution at global scale. Matt 28:19. |
| Trinitarian baptismal formula | εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Πατρὸς καὶ τοῦ Υἱοῦ καὶ τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος | पिता, पुत्रः, पवित्र आत्मा — एकं नाम | pitā, putraḥ, pavitra ātmā — ekaṃ nāma | Critical | Singular “name” (not plural) must be preserved to avoid trimūrti (Brahmā-Viṣṇu-Śiva, three separate deities) reading. Matt 28:19. |
| Baptism | βάπτισμα / βαπτίζω | बाप्तिस्मः | bāptismaḥ | High | Transliterated to avoid स्नानम्’s tīrtha-snāna (repeatable ritual bathing) collision. Matt 3, 28:19. |
| Mission/proclamation to nations | reuse [BASELINE सुसमाचारप्रचारः] | — | — | Medium [BASELINE] | Descriptive, non-triumphalist register per baseline’s mission entry. Matt 28:16-20. |
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
| Term (Eng) | Greek (translit.) | Sanskrit | Transliteration | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| End of the age | συντέλεια τοῦ αἰῶνος | युगान्तः | yugāntaḥ | Critical | युग directly names the cyclical yuga-cosmology; must be taught as a single, final, non-repeating consummation. Matt 13:39-40, 49; 24:3; 28:20. |
| Second Coming / Parousia | παρουσία | पुनरागमनम् | punarāgamanam | Critical | Sharpest possible parallel to the still-awaited Kalki avatāra; must be taught as singular, final, universally visible, unlike a cyclical avatāra-appearance tied to yuga-decline. Matt 24:3, 27, 37, 39. |
| Final Judgment | κρίσις | अन्तिमविचारः | antimavicāraḥ | Critical | Avoid bare न्याय (Nyāya darśana collision); avoid parallel to Yama’s post-mortem tribunal (Garuḍa Purāṇa) — Christ himself is the personal, final Judge determining eternal destiny, not the next rebirth. Matt 25:31-46. |
| Gehenna / Hell | γέεννα (geenna) | नरकः | narakaḥ | Critical | Naraka in Purāṇic cosmology is one of several temporary hell-realms endured until sin-debt is exhausted; Gehenna is final and eternal. Matt 5:22, 5:29-30, 10:28, 18:9, 23:15, 23:33, 25:41. |
| Hades | ᾅδης (hadēs) | मृत्युलोकः | mṛtyulokaḥ | High | Avoid पातालम् (specific Purāṇic netherworld-loka); distinct from नरकः. Matt 11:23, 16:18. |
| Eternal punishment/fire | κόλασις αἰώνιος / πῦρ αἰώνιον | अनन्तदण्डः / अनन्ताग्निः | anantadaṇḍaḥ / anantāgniḥ | Critical | Final, unending — not a temporary purgative rebirth-stage. Matt 25:41, 46. |
| Eternal life | ζωὴ αἰώνιος | नित्यं जीवनम् | nityaṃ jīvanam | High | Not mokṣa’s dissolution of personal identity into Brahman; personal, relational, embodied, unending life. Matt 19:16, 19:29, 25:46. |
| Reward | μισθός (misthos) | पुरस्कारः | puraskāraḥ | Critical | NEVER प्रतिफलम्/कर्मफलम् (karmaphala collision); gracious personal bestowal, not automatic mechanical yield. Matt 5:12, 5:46, 6:1-18, 10:41-42. |
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
| Term (Eng) | Greek (translit.) | Sanskrit | Transliteration | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Disciple | μαθητής | शिष्यः | śiṣyaḥ | High | See Authority section above; recurring throughout. |
| Take up (his) cross | ἄρας τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ | स्वक्रूसं वहतु | svakrūsaṃ vahatu | Critical | क्रूसः fixed transliterated term; never शूलः (Śiva’s trident association). Matt 16:24, 10:38. |
| Deny himself | ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτόν | आत्मत्यागः | ātmatyāgaḥ | High | Not the formal saṃnyāsa renunciate life-stage; inward, ongoing surrender available to every disciple. Matt 16:24. |
| Lose/find life | ἀπολέσῃ / εὑρήσει τὴν ψυχήν | जीवनं हारयति / जीवनं लभते | jīvanaṃ hārayati / jīvanaṃ labhate | Medium | Paradoxical discipleship saying; no independent major collision beyond general life/soul (ψυχή) vocabulary care. Matt 10:39, 16:25. |
| Ransom | λύτρον (lytron) | निस्तारमूल्यम् | nistāramūlyam | Critical | NEVER मुक्तिमूल्यम् (मुक्ति root forbidden per baseline’s salvation entry). Matt 20:28. |
| Crucifixion | σταυρόω | क्रूसारोपणम् | krūsāropaṇam | Critical | Central atonement event; क्रूसः transliterated fixed term. Matt 27:32-56. |
| Yoke | ζυγός (zygos) | युगम् | yugam | Medium | Homonymous with “cosmic age” (yuga); context disambiguates but flag for translators. Matt 11:29-30. |
Doctrine: Miscellaneous Load-Bearing Terms (supporting multiple doctrines above)
| Term (Eng) | Greek (translit.) | Sanskrit | Transliteration | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Satan / devil | Σατανᾶς / διάβολος | शैतान् | śaitān | Critical | Transliterated; rejects असुरः, पिशाचः, राक्षसः (each a distinct mythological class with independent narrative traditions). Matt 4:1-11, 12:26, 13:39, 16:23, 25:41. |
| Demon / unclean spirit | δαιμόνιον / πνεῦμα ἀκάθαρτον | दुष्टभूतः | duṣṭabhūtaḥ | Critical | Deliberately NOT आत्मन्-based (must never lexically overlap with पवित्र आत्मा); bhūta-vidyā folk-exorcism collision flagged. Matt 8:28-34, 9:32-34, 12:22-29, 12:43-45, 17:14-21. |
| Blasphemy against the Holy Spirit | βλασφημία εἰς τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον | पवित्रात्मनिन्दा | pavitrātmanindā | Critical | Inherits and intensifies baseline’s Holy Spirit personhood risk. Matt 12:31-32. |
| Mercy | ἔλεος / ἐλεήμων | दया | dayā | Medium | Distinct from अनुग्रह (grace); must not collapse the two categories. Matt 5:7, 9:13, 12:7, 23:23. |
| Pure in heart | καθαρὸς τῇ καρδίᾳ | शुद्धहृदयाः | śuddhahṛdayāḥ | High | शुद्ध root shared with ritual śuddhi; inward moral purity, not ritual purification. Matt 5:8. |
| See God | τὸν θεὸν ὄψονται | परमेश्वरं द्रक्ष्यन्ति | parameśvaraṃ drakṣyanti | High | Relational beholding of a distinct personal God; not Advaitic self-realization/darśana of identity with Brahman. Matt 5:8. |
| Sons of God (believers) | υἱοὶ θεοῦ κληθήσονται | परमेश्वरस्य पुत्राः इति आहूताः | parameśvarasya putrāḥ iti āhūtāḥ | Critical | Reuses phrase reserved for Christ’s unique Sonship; must be flagged every time as derivative/adoptive, not equal to Christ’s eternal Sonship. Matt 5:9, 5:45. |
| Son of Man | υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου | मनुष्यपुत्रः | manuṣyaputraḥ | Critical | Danielic (Dan 7:13-14) apocalyptic judge/king title fused with true humanity; not the generic “human being” idiom alone. Matt 8:20, 9:6, 16:27-28, 24:30, 25:31, 26:64, and throughout. |
| Fasting | νηστεία | उपवासः | upavāsaḥ | Medium | Vrata (merit-generating ritual-vow) collision; private devotional discipline, not merit accumulation. Matt 6:16-18. |
| Almsgiving | ἐλεημοσύνη | दानम् | dānam | Medium | Pañca-mahāyajña merit-virtue collision; expression of mercy from grace, not merit accumulation. Matt 6:1-4. |
| Debts (Lord’s Prayer) | ὀφειλήματα | अपराधाः (not ऋणम्) | aparādhāḥ | High | ऋणम् rejected — pañca-mahāyajña ritual-debt collision. Matt 6:12. |
| Mammon | Μαμωνᾶς | मम्मोनः | mammonaḥ | Medium | Transliterated to avoid implying an actual rival wealth-deity (e.g. Kubera/Lakṣmī parallel). Matt 6:24. |
| Parable | παραβολή | दृष्टान्तः | dṛṣṭāntaḥ | Low-Medium | Minor Nyāya syllogism-step homonymy; generally safe. Matt 13 and throughout. |
| Wisdom | σοφία | प्रज्ञा (not ज्ञानम्) | prajñā | Medium-High | ज्ञान rejected — Advaita jñāna-mārga liberating-knowledge collision. Matt 11:19, 11:25. |
| Transfiguration | μετεμορφώθη | रूपान्तरम् | rūpāntaram | Medium | Singular revelatory unveiling of pre-existent glory, not repeatable avatāra-form-taking or yogic siddhi. Matt 17:2. |
| Betrayal | παραδίδωμι | विश्वासघातः | viśvāsaghātaḥ | Medium | Built on विश्वासः root negatively; flagged for word-family consistency only. Matt 26:14-16, 26:48-50. |
| Tomb | μνημεῖον | शवगुहा (not समाधिः) | śavaguhā | Medium | समाधि rejected — Yoga Sūtra meditative-absorption collision. Matt 27:60-66, 28:1-8. |
Section 3 — Chapters Reviewed with No New Load-Bearing Vocabulary
| Chapter | Note |
|---|---|
| Matthew 14 | Reviewed in full; introduces no new Critical/High-risk vocabulary. Reuses Son of God, power of God, faith (in compound “little faith,” अल्पविश्वासः), and kingdom terms already established in chs. 1–13. |
| Matthew 10 | Reviewed in full; reuses apostle, mission, and reward terms already established; the life/lose-life motif introduced here (10:39) receives full treatment at its parallel occurrence in ch. 16. |
| Matthew 18 | Reviewed in full; reuses church, bind/loose (ch. 16), and forgiveness terms; introduces no independent new Critical/High term beyond the literal-debt clarification noted under ch. 6 in 07_semantic_analysis.md. |
Section 4 — Cross-Reference to Doctrine List
All nine curriculum doctrines are represented above with at least one Critical or High risk anchor term:
- The Kingdom of Heaven → स्वर्गस्य राज्यम् (Critical)
- Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David → मसीहः [BASELINE, Critical], दाविदः पुत्रः (High)
- Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy → पूरयति (High), प्रणिपातः (High)
- The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching → अधिकारः (Medium), शिष्यः (High)
- Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees → अधिका धार्मिकता (Critical), प्रेम (Critical)
- The Church and Church Discipline → निषेधं करोति / अनुज्ञां करोति (Critical), मण्डली [BASELINE, Medium]
- The Great Commission → शिष्यत्वकरणम् (High), Trinitarian formula (Critical)
- Judgment and the End of the Age → अन्तिमविचारः (Critical), नरकः (Critical), युगान्तः (Critical), पुनरागमनम् (Critical)
- Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus → क्रूसारोपणम् (Critical), आत्मत्यागः (High), निस्तारमूल्यम् (Critical)
All Critical and High risk terms in this glossary require human theologian review before Phase 2 translation, per the baseline’s review-routing convention. This glossary must be merged into an updated translation_memory.json and doctrine_risk_registry.json prior to Phase 2 (Steps 9 and following).
Critical Risk Terms
Righteousness
Approved rendering: धार्मिकता
Transliteration: dhārmikatā
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Rejected alternatives: धर्मः, न्यायः, पुण्यम्
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package; unavoidable Mīmāṃsā/dharmaśāstra weight. Matthew makes this term the organizing theme of the Sermon on the Mount (5:6, 5:10, 5:20, 6:33) and John’s baptism (3:15); intensified further by ‘righteousness exceeding’ below.
Salvation
Approved rendering: त्राणम्
Transliteration: trāṇam
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: मोक्षः, मुक्तिः, निर्वाणम्
Original: σωτηρία / σῴζω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER मोक्षः/मुक्तिः/निर्वाणम्. Matthew 1:21 (‘he will save his people from their sins’) ties this term to Jesus’s own name from the Gospel’s first chapter.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: पुनरुत्थानम्
Transliteration: punarutthānam
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: पुनर्जन्म
Original: ἀνάστασις / ἐγείρω
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER पुनर्जन्म. Matthew’s resurrection material is unusually dense: Jesus’s own predictions (17:9, 17:23, 20:19), the Sadducee debate (22:23-33), the saints raised at his death (27:53), the guard’s report (27:63-64), and the empty tomb (28:1-7) each require the transmigration-contrast note independently.
Lord
Approved rendering: प्रभुः
Transliteration: prabhuḥ
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ईश्वरः, स्वामी
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Applied to Jesus at 3:3, 8:2, 8:25, 21:9, and climactically argued from Psalm 110 at 22:41-45; never ईश्वरः, per the Advaita-subordination-to-māyā reasoning.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वरस्य पुत्रः
Transliteration: parameśvarasya putraḥ
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ईश्वरांशः, देवपुरुषः
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Matthew’s density of occurrences (3:17, 4:3-6, 8:29, 14:33, 16:16, 26:63-64, 27:40, 27:43, 27:54) makes this the most textually reinforced Christological title in the book; never a bare pronoun or title substitution.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: देहधारणम्
Transliteration: dehadhāraṇam
Doctrine: The Virgin Birth and Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: अवतारः
Original: concept underlying 1:18-25 (cf. John 1:14)
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER अवतारः. Matthew 1:18-25 is the book’s dedicated Incarnation narrative and must carry the Bhagavad Gītā 4.7-8 contrast note at this first occurrence.
Jesus
Approved rendering: यीशुः
Transliteration: yīśuḥ
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Follows the Serampore Sanskrit New Testament (1808) precedent throughout Matthew.
God
Approved rendering: सर्वेश्वरः
Transliteration: sarveśvaraḥ
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ईश्वरः, ब्रह्मन्, भगवान्, देवः
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. De Nobili’s Sarvēśvara precedent retained throughout Matthew; never देवः/भगवान्/ब्रह्मन्/bare ईश्वरः.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: पवित्र आत्मा
Transliteration: pavitra ātmā
Doctrine: Sanctification / Blasphemy Against the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: ब्रह्मन्, परमात्मा
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package; the single highest-stakes term for the ātman-Brahman collision. Matthew’s occurrences concentrate around maximal personhood-stakes: the virginal conception (1:18, 1:20), John’s testimony (3:11), the baptism descent (3:16), the wilderness leading (4:1), exorcism-empowerment (12:28), the unforgivable blasphemy (12:31-32), and the shared divine name (28:19).
Father
Approved rendering: पिता
Transliteration: pitā
Doctrine: Adoption / Lord’s Prayer
Rejected alternatives: ब्रह्मा, प्रजापतिः
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. The dominant divine title of the Sermon on the Mount (5:16, 5:45, 5:48, 6:1-18, 7:11, 7:21) and the Great Commission’s baptismal formula (28:19); never ब्रह्मा/प्रजापतिः.
Messiah
Approved rendering: मसीहः
Transliteration: masīhaḥ
Doctrine: Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David
Rejected alternatives: अवतारपुरुषः
Original: Χριστός / Μεσσίας
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Named from Matthew’s opening verse (1:1) through Peter’s confession (16:16), the trial (26:63), and the crucifixion inscription (27:17, 22); never अवतारपुरुषः, per the awaited-Kalki-avatāra caution.
Imputed Righteousness
Approved rendering: आरोपिता धार्मिकता
Transliteration: āropitā dhārmikatā
Doctrine: Righteousness (cross-curriculum consistency)
Rejected alternatives: अर्जिता धार्मिकता
Original: concept related to δικαιοσύνη, cf. 5:6, 5:20
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Retained for cross-curriculum consistency, though Matthew’s own emphasis (5:6, 5:20) lands more on righteousness as hungered-for and Kingdom-exceeding than as an independently restated Pauline forensic term.
Kingdom Of Heaven
Approved rendering: स्वर्गस्य राज्यम्
Transliteration: svargasya rājyam
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven
Rejected alternatives: मोक्षलोकः, मुक्तिलोकः
Original: βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν
Category: Kingdom
New Matthew term (~32 occurrences). स्वर्गः names Svarga, Indra’s loka — temporary, puṇya-attained, and exhausted once its merit is spent (cf. Gītā 9.20-21). Must be taught as semantically equivalent to परमेश्वरस्य राज्यम् but eternal and sovereign, never a temporary afterlife-realm; renounce the svarga-loka reading explicitly at first occurrence (3:2) and at every major discourse (chs. 5, 13, 18, 19, 25).
Immanuel
Approved rendering: इम्मानूएल्
Transliteration: immānūel
Doctrine: The Virgin Birth and Incarnation
Original: Ἐμμανουήλ
Category: Christology
New Matthew term. Isaiah 7:14’s sign-name applied at Jesus’s naming (1:23) and echoed at the Gospel’s close (28:20). Gloss with अस्माभिः सह परमेश्वरः, never ईश्वर/देव, per the baseline’s ‘god’ reasoning; ties directly to Incarnation and Deity of Christ.
Righteousness Exceeding
Approved rendering: अधिका धार्मिकता
Transliteration: adhikā dhārmikatā
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Original: περισσεύσῃ … δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
New Matthew term. Matthew 5:20, the Sermon’s programmatic thesis. Inherits धार्मिकता’s Critical dharma-weight and adds a compounded risk: ‘exceeding’ could be heard as stricter, more rigorous dharma-performance rather than Matthew’s actual point — inward, Spirit-given heart transformation (5:21-48). Mandatory heart-transformation gloss at every occurrence.
Love Agape
Approved rendering: प्रेम
Transliteration: prema
Doctrine: The Great Commandment and the Love Ethic
Rejected alternatives: कामः, स्नेहः, भक्तिः
Original: ἀγάπη / ἀγαπάω
Category: Ethics
New Matthew term. Commanded even toward enemies (5:44) and named as the summary of the whole Law and Prophets (22:37-40). प्रेम is Gauḍīya Vaiṣṇava bhakti’s fully theorized culminating romantic-devotional love category, reached through graded bhakti practice. कामः (wrong erotic register), स्नेहः (too weak for a command extended to enemies), and भक्तिः (already reserved as an entire soteriological path) are each rejected for distinct reasons. प्रेम is retained as the least-bad option but requires a mandatory redefinition note at every occurrence, especially at 22:37-40.
Bind And Loose
Approved rendering: निषेधं करोति / अनुज्ञां करोति
Transliteration: niṣedhaṃ karoti / anujñāṃ karoti
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline
Rejected alternatives: बन्धनं करोति / मुक्तिं करोति
Original: δέω / λύω
Category: Church
New Matthew term. Matthew 16:19, 18:18. Literal Sanskrit roots for ‘bind’/‘loose’ are बन्ध and मोक्ष/मुक्ति — the exact bandha/mokṣa soteriology pair already forbidden absolutely by the baseline for salvation. A literal rendering would suggest the Church can bind souls to or release them from saṃsāra. The juridical-declarative rendering, borrowing the Mīmāṃsā/Nyāya declarative-conclusion register already used for baseline ‘justification’ (धर्मीति निर्णयः), must be used without exception.
Trinitarian Baptismal Formula
Approved rendering: पिता, पुत्रः, पवित्र आत्मा — एकं नाम
Transliteration: pitā, putraḥ, pavitra ātmā — ekaṃ nāma
Doctrine: Baptism and the Trinitarian Name
Original: εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Πατρὸς καὶ τοῦ Υἱοῦ καὶ τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος
Category: God
New Matthew term. Matthew 28:19. The singular ‘name’ (not plural ‘names’) must be preserved exactly to convey one shared divine name held by three Persons; must never be read through the trimūrti lens (Brahmā-Viṣṇu-Śiva, three distinct deities with three distinct names and functions) or a generic ‘three gods’ framing. Every occurrence requires a note affirming one God in three Persons.
End Of Age
Approved rendering: युगान्तः
Transliteration: yugāntaḥ
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: συντέλεια τοῦ αἰῶνος
Category: Eschatology
New Matthew term. Named at 13:39-40, 13:49, 24:3, and 28:20. युग directly names the cyclical kṛta-tretā-dvāpara-kali cosmology within which avatāras appear at points of dharmic decline (Gītā 4.7-8); Matthew’s end of the age is a single, final, non-repeating consummation. Requires repeated, explicit distinction given dense recurrence across three discourse-contexts.
Second Coming
Approved rendering: पुनरागमनम्
Transliteration: punarāgamanam
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: παρουσία
Category: Eschatology
New Matthew term. Named at 24:3, 24:27, 24:37, 24:39. Sharply parallels the still-awaited tenth avatāra, Kalki, per the Purāṇic daśāvatāra scheme — a reader could easily map Christ’s still-awaited return onto the still-awaited Kalki. Must be taught as a singular, final, universally-visible historical event, not one more turn within a cyclical avatāra sequence.
Final Judgment
Approved rendering: अन्तिमविचारः
Transliteration: antimavicāraḥ
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Rejected alternatives: न्यायः
Original: κρίσις
Category: Eschatology
New Matthew term. Climactic treatment at 25:31-46. Bare न्याय is avoided (Nyāya is the proper name of an entire orthodox darśana, already rejected for ‘righteousness/justice’). Also parallels Yama’s post-mortem tribunal (Citragupta ledger, Garuḍa Purāṇa); must be taught as Christ’s own unrepeatable determination of eternal destiny, not the terms of the next rebirth.
Gehenna Hell
Approved rendering: नरकः
Transliteration: narakaḥ
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: γέεννα
Category: Eschatology
New Matthew term. Named repeatedly (5:22, 5:29-30, 10:28, 18:9, 23:15, 23:33, 25:41). Purāṇic naraka (e.g. Garuḍa Purāṇa) names one of several temporary hell-realms endured only until sin-debt is exhausted, after which rebirth resumes; Gehenna is final and eternal, requiring explicit, repeated distinction given the term’s high frequency.
Eternal Punishment
Approved rendering: अनन्तदण्डः / अनन्ताग्निः
Transliteration: anantadaṇḍaḥ / anantāgniḥ
Doctrine: Eternal Life and Eternal Punishment
Original: κόλασιν αἰώνιον / πῦρ τὸ αἰώνιον
Category: Eschatology
New Matthew term. The negative counterpart to eternal life, at 25:41, 46. Shares नरकः’s risk of being read as a temporary Purāṇic hell-realm; must be explicitly and repeatedly taught as final and unending, not a purgative stage prior to further transmigration.
Reward
Approved rendering: पुरस्कारः
Transliteration: puraskāraḥ
Doctrine: Divine Reward for Faithful Discipleship
Rejected alternatives: प्रतिफलम्, कर्मफलम्
Original: μισθός
Category: Eschatology
New Matthew term. Recurs structurally across the Sermon on the Mount and beyond (5:12, 5:46, 6:1-18, 10:41-42, 20:1-16). प्रतिफलम्/कर्मफलम् would invoke the impersonal Mīmāṃsā karmaphala doctrine already forbidden for ‘providence.’ पुरस्कारः names a personal bestowal by a giver, but must still be explicitly taught, every time, as gracious divine bestowal flowing from union with Christ, not a market wage or self-generated karmic result.
Take Up Cross
Approved rendering: स्वक्रूसं वहतु
Transliteration: svakrūsaṃ vahatu
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Rejected alternatives: शूलं वहतु
Original: ἄρας τὸν σταυρὸν αὐτοῦ
Category: Discipleship
New Matthew term. Matthew 16:24, 10:38. क्रूसः (transliterated) is retained as a fixed term for ‘cross,’ never शूलः, which also names Śiva’s trident — an unhelpful and unrelated divine-weapon association.
Ransom
Approved rendering: निस्तारमूल्यम्
Transliteration: nistāramūlyam
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus (atonement)
Rejected alternatives: मुक्तिमूल्यम्
Original: λύτρον
Category: Salvation
New Matthew term. Matthew 20:28, ‘a ransom for many.’ मुक्ति (release/liberation) is the very root forbidden absolutely as an alternative for ‘salvation’; even in a compound it would suggest a mokṣa-type liberation achieved through a paid price within the karma-liberation framework. निस्तार (‘crossing over, deliverance’) avoids the मुक्ति root while preserving costly, personal, forensic rescue.
Crucifixion
Approved rendering: क्रूसारोपणम्
Transliteration: krūsāropaṇam
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus / Deity of Christ
Original: σταυρόω
Category: Christology
New Matthew term. Matthew 27:32-56, the central atoning event alongside the resurrection. क्रूसः is retained as a fixed transliterated technical term, as with बाप्तिस्मः, to avoid शूलः’s Śiva-trident association.
Satan Devil
Approved rendering: शैतान्
Transliteration: śaitān
Doctrine: Satan, Demons, and Spiritual Warfare
Rejected alternatives: असुरः, पिशाचः, राक्षसः
Original: Σατανᾶς / διάβολος
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New Matthew term. The singular personal chief adversary (4:1-11, 12:26, 13:39, 16:23, 25:41). असुरः (a rival anti-deva class implying a symmetric dualistic cosmic struggle) and पिशाचः/राक्षसः (independent mythological classes with their own narrative traditions) are rejected; transliteration keeps Satan a unique proper-named figure, following the baseline’s precedent for अब्बा.
Demon Unclean Spirit
Approved rendering: दुष्टभूतः
Transliteration: duṣṭabhūtaḥ
Doctrine: Satan, Demons, and Spiritual Warfare
Original: δαιμόνιον / πνεῦμα ἀκάθαρτον
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New Matthew term. Cast out throughout (8:28-34, 9:32-34, 12:22-29, 12:43-45, 17:14-21). Deliberately NOT आत्मन्-based (Greek πνεῦμα is the same root as ‘Spirit’), so ‘unclean spirit’ can never lexically collide with पवित्र आत्मा. भूत/प्रेत/पिशाच each name developed folk-exorcism categories (bhūta-vidyā) with independent ritual traditions; demons must be taught as fallen beings under Satan’s authority, finally defeated by Christ’s word alone.
Blasphemy Against Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: पवित्रात्मनिन्दा
Transliteration: pavitrātmanindā
Doctrine: Blasphemy Against the Holy Spirit
Original: βλασφημία εἰς τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον
Category: God
New Matthew term. Matthew 12:31-32, the one unforgivable sin. Inherits and intensifies the baseline’s single highest-stakes risk: severity depends entirely on the Spirit being a genuine, distinct divine Person capable of being personally blasphemed, not the reader’s own ātman or an impersonal principle. Mandatory personhood note every occurrence.
Sons Of God Believers
Approved rendering: परमेश्वरस्य पुत्राः इति आहूताः भविष्यन्ति
Transliteration: parameśvarasya putrāḥ iti āhūtāḥ bhaviṣyanti
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: υἱοὶ θεοῦ κληθήσονται
Category: Salvation
New Matthew term. Matthew 5:9, echoed at 5:45. Reuses the exact phrase reserved for Christ’s unique, eternal Sonship (परमेश्वरस्य पुत्रः); every occurrence applying it to believers must carry an explicit note that believers are sons of God by adoption and grace, sharing in Christ’s Sonship derivatively, while Christ alone is Son of God by eternal nature.
Son Of Man
Approved rendering: मनुष्यपुत्रः
Transliteration: manuṣyaputraḥ
Doctrine: The Son of Man
Original: υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
Category: Christology
New Matthew term. First at 8:20, programmatic at 9:6, recurring throughout (16:27-28, 24:30, 25:31, 26:64). Draws on Daniel 7:13-14; must be explicitly taught as the specific Danielic title of a divinely-enthroned universal judge and king who is also genuinely human — not merely the generic idiom ‘a human being,’ and not assimilated to a generic god-becomes-man narrative pattern.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: सुसमाचारः
Transliteration: susamācāraḥ
Doctrine: Gospel of the Kingdom
Rejected alternatives: शुभवार्ता
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. In Matthew tied specifically to ‘the gospel of the kingdom’ (4:23, 9:35, 24:14, 26:13); must convey the unique, authoritative, in-breaking-Kingdom announcement, not one darśana/teaching-text among others.
Faith
Approved rendering: विश्वासः
Transliteration: viśvāsaḥ
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: श्रद्धा, भक्तिः
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Matthew narrates repeated specific instances of faith in Jesus recognized/commended (8:10, 9:22, 15:28) and the compound ‘little faith’ (अल्पविश्वासः, 6:30, 14:31), built transparently on this root.
Grace
Approved rendering: अनुग्रहः
Transliteration: anugrahaḥ
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: कृपा, प्रसादः, पुण्यम्
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Guard the karmaphala/prasāda distinction especially at the Parable of the Workers in the Vineyard (20:1-16), which is vulnerable to an ‘earned wage’ misreading if grace is not kept distinct from ‘reward’ (पुरस्कारः, see below).
Called
Approved rendering: आहूतः
Transliteration: āhūtaḥ
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: निमन्त्रितः
Original: κλητός / καλέω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Applies to the calling of the first disciples (4:21), the calling of sinners not the righteous (9:13), and the ‘many called, few chosen’ saying (22:14).
Calling
Approved rendering: आह्वानम्
Transliteration: āhvānam
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: निमन्त्रणम्
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Matthew favors the verbal/adjectival form (आहूतः) over this noun; retained for cross-curriculum consistency.
Holy
Approved rendering: पवित्रम्
Transliteration: pavitram
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: शुद्धम्
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Applied to the Spirit (1:18) and to conduct throughout the Sermon on the Mount; the ritual/moral purity distinction is directly thematized by Jesus himself at 15:1-20 (see ‘defilement’).
Saints
Approved rendering: पवित्राः जनाः
Transliteration: pavitrāḥ janāḥ
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: ऋषयः, संन्यासिनः
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Matthew’s single occurrence (27:52, ‘bodies of the saints’ raised at Christ’s death) ties this term to the Resurrection doctrine.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: पवित्रीकरणम्
Transliteration: pavitrīkaraṇam
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: शुद्धिः
Original: ἁγιασμός (concept; no single Matthean lexeme)
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Implicit throughout the Sermon on the Mount’s ethical demands (chs. 5-7); distinguish from ritual śuddhi and yogic self-purification.
Adoption
Approved rendering: पुत्रत्वेन स्वीकरणम्
Transliteration: putratvena svīkaraṇam
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: दत्तकग्रहणम्
Original: υἱοθεσία (concept, cf. υἱοὶ θεοῦ)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Underlies the Beatitudes’ ‘sons of God’ (5:9) and 5:45; see ‘sons_of_god_believers’ below for the Critical-risk phrase-reuse issue this generates.
Law
Approved rendering: विधिः
Transliteration: vidhiḥ
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy / the Law
Rejected alternatives: धर्मः, धर्मशास्त्रम्
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Matthew 5:17-18 (fulfillment, not abolition) and 23:23 (‘the weightier matters of the law’) make this term load-bearing across the whole book.
Sin
Approved rendering: पापम्
Transliteration: pāpam
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: अधर्मः
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. Named from Jesus’s own naming (1:21) through the Lord’s Prayer’s debts (6:12, see separate entry) to the healing-and-forgiveness episode (9:2-6) and the Last Supper (26:28).
Glory
Approved rendering: महिमा
Transliteration: mahimā
Doctrine: Deity of Christ / Transfiguration
Rejected alternatives: तेजस्
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Never तेजस्. Manifest at the Transfiguration (17:2) and paired repeatedly with the Son of Man’s eschatological appearing (16:27, 19:28, 24:30, 25:31).
Covenant
Approved rendering: संविद्
Transliteration: saṃvid
Doctrine: New Covenant
Rejected alternatives: वाचा, नियमः
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Instituted anew at the Last Supper (26:28); see ‘new_covenant’ below for the compounded caution when qualified ‘new’.
Election
Approved rendering: परमेश्वरस्य वरणम्
Transliteration: parameśvarasya varaṇam
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: भाग्यम्, दैवम्
Original: ἐκλογή (concept, cf. ἐκλεκτοί)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Named at ‘many called, but few chosen’ (22:14) and the elect gathered at the end of the age (24:22, 24:24, 24:31); never भाग्यम्/दैवम्.
Providence
Approved rendering: परमेश्वरस्य विधानम्
Transliteration: parameśvarasya vidhānam
Doctrine: Providence
Rejected alternatives: भाग्यम्, दैवम्, कर्मफलम्
Original: πρόνοια (concept, cf. 6:25-34, 10:29-31)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Never भाग्यम्/दैवम्/कर्मफलम्. Taught in the ‘do not be anxious’ discourse (6:25-34) and the sparrows saying (10:29-31); the bird/lily imagery risks a generalized ‘natural order’ reading that must be anchored to a personal Father’s specific care.
Abba
Approved rendering: अब्बा
Transliteration: abbā
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: אַבָּא
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Not a direct Matthean Greek-text occurrence (Matthew’s Lord’s Prayer, 6:9, uses only ‘Father’); retained here so translators do not introduce an unrecorded variant when encountering ‘Father’ language.
Seed Of David
Approved rendering: दाविदः वंशात्
Transliteration: dāvidaḥ vaṃśāt
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: σπέρμα Δαυίδ (concept underlying the genealogy)
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Matthew’s genealogy (1:1-17) is the fullest textual instantiation of this concept in either curriculum; requires explicit 2 Samuel 7 background at every use.
Obedience Of Faith
Approved rendering: विश्वासस्य आज्ञापालनम्
Transliteration: viśvāsasya ājñāpālanam
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Rejected alternatives: धर्माचरणम्
Original: concept underlying 7:21-27
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Matthew 7:21-27’s house-on-rock parable is a strong Matthean textual anchor: obedience flowing from genuine reliance on Jesus, contrasted with mere profession (‘Lord, Lord’).
Power Of God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वरस्य सामर्थ्यम्
Transliteration: parameśvarasya sāmarthyam
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: शक्तिः
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ (concept, cf. 9:8, 22:29)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Never शक्तिः. Operative throughout Matthew’s miracle narratives (9:8) and named directly against the Sadducees’ error (22:29).
Son Of David
Approved rendering: दाविदः पुत्रः
Transliteration: dāvidaḥ putraḥ
Doctrine: Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David
Original: υἱὸς Δαυίδ
Category: Christology
New Matthew term. Jesus’s royal-messianic title (1:1, 1:20, 9:27, 12:23, 15:22, 20:30-31, 21:9, 21:15, 22:42-45); no analogous royal-lineage covenant concept exists in classical Sanskrit literature, requiring explicit 2 Samuel 7 background at every occurrence, not mere biological-descent honorific.
Virgin
Approved rendering: कुमारी
Transliteration: kumārī
Doctrine: The Virgin Birth and Incarnation
Original: παρθένος
Category: Christology
New Matthew term. Isaiah 7:14 citation (1:23); must be taught as a unique, literal, historical event, not assimilated to Purāṇic miraculous-birth narratives (e.g. Kuntī’s boon-conceptions) occurring within an ongoing avatāra cycle.
Fulfill
Approved rendering: पूर्तिं करोति / पूरयति
Transliteration: pūrtiṃ karoti / pūrayati
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy
Original: πληρόω
Category: Covenant
New Matthew term. Matthew’s programmatic ‘that it might be fulfilled’ formula (~10 occurrences: 1:22, 2:15, 2:17, 2:23, 4:14, 8:17, 12:17, 13:35, 21:4, 27:9) plus 5:17’s fulfillment-not-abolition claim. Must be taught as linear, historical, once-for-all fulfillment, never assimilated to the cyclical yuga-time within which avatāras periodically appear per Gītā 4.7-8.
Worship Homage
Approved rendering: प्रणिपातः
Transliteration: praṇipātaḥ
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy / Deity of Christ
Original: προσκυνέω
Category: Christology
New Matthew term. Given by the Magi (2:11), demanded exclusively of God at the temptation (4:9-10), given to the risen Christ (28:9, 17). Must never imply Jesus is one worship-worthy figure (iṣṭadevatā) among many; rendering must be consistent across all occurrences.
Disciple
Approved rendering: शिष्यः
Transliteration: śiṣyaḥ
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching / Discipleship
Rejected alternatives: अनुयायी
Original: μαθητής
Category: Church
New Matthew term. First named at 5:1; the Gospel’s central category of belonging. Directly invokes the guru-śiṣya-paramparā lineage system, the identical risk already flagged for ‘apostle.’ Must be explicitly taught as personal allegiance to Jesus’s unique, historically-given teaching and person, not entry into a generic paramparā.
Rabbi Teacher Title
Approved rendering: उपदेशकः / शिक्षकः
Transliteration: upadeśakaḥ / śikṣakaḥ
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Rejected alternatives: गुरुः
Original: ῥαββί / διδάσκαλος
Category: Church
New Matthew term. Matthew 23:8-10: Jesus forbids disciples from taking or granting honorific teacher-titles among themselves (‘you have one teacher’). गुरुः is avoided not only per the baseline’s paramparā reasoning but because the source text itself independently reinforces this avoidance — a valuable convergence to flag for translators.
Defilement
Approved rendering: अशुद्धिः
Transliteration: aśuddhiḥ
Doctrine: Ritual Purity and True Defilement
Original: κοινός / καθαρίζω
Category: Sanctification
New Matthew term. Jesus’s direct teaching that ‘it is not what enters the mouth that defiles a person’ (15:11, 15:18-20) directly and explicitly thematizes the śuddhi/āśauca ritual purity system central to dharmaśāstra and varṇa social structure — this is the very subject of Jesus’s own polemic, not a background risk.
Disciple Making
Approved rendering: शिष्यत्वकरणम्
Transliteration: śiṣyatvakaraṇam
Doctrine: The Great Commission
Original: μαθητεύσατε πάντα τὰ ἔθνη
Category: Church
New Matthew term. Matthew 28:19, ‘make disciples of all nations.’ Inherits शिष्यः’s guru-paramparā caution intensified by global scale; must be explicitly taught as bringing all peoples into committed, personal allegiance to Christ’s specific historical teaching, not extending a generic paramparā’s reach.
Baptism
Approved rendering: बाप्तिस्मः
Transliteration: bāptismaḥ
Doctrine: Baptism and the Trinitarian Name / Repentance
Rejected alternatives: स्नानम्
Original: βάπτισμα / βαπτίζω
Category: Church
New Matthew term. John’s baptism (ch. 3), Jesus’s own baptism, and the Church’s ordinance (28:19). Transliterated rather than स्नानम् (ritual bath), which would invoke tīrtha-snāna, repeatable ritual bathing believed to remove impurity or generate merit.
Repentance
Approved rendering: मनःपरिवर्तनम्
Transliteration: manaḥparivartanam
Doctrine: Repentance and the Baptism of John
Rejected alternatives: पश्चातापः
Original: μετάνοια / μετανοέω
Category: Sin
New Matthew term. Preached by John (3:2, 3:8) and Jesus (4:17). पश्चाताप (mere remorse) is rejected in favor of मनःपरिवर्तनम् (‘change of mind/heart’); must be taught as a decisive inward turning toward God, not the ritual penance (prāyaścitta) prescribed in dharmaśāstra for specific sins.
Hades
Approved rendering: मृत्युलोकः
Transliteration: mṛtyulokaḥ
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Rejected alternatives: पातालम्
Original: ᾅδης
Category: Eschatology
New Matthew term. Capernaum’s judgment (11:23) and the Church’s foundation against ‘the gates of Hades’ (16:18). पातालम् would name a specific Purāṇic netherworld-loka (nāga/asura realm, one of fourteen lokas); मृत्युलोकः is a neutral descriptive compound, though still distinguished from नरकः.
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: नित्यं जीवनम्
Transliteration: nityaṃ jīvanam
Doctrine: Eternal Life and Eternal Punishment
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Eschatology
New Matthew term. Sought by the rich young man (19:16, 19:29) and named at the final judgment (25:46). Must not be assimilated to mokṣa’s dissolution of individual personal identity into undifferentiated Brahman, nor to svarga’s temporariness; it is unending, personal, relational, embodied life retaining individual identity in resurrection.
Deny Himself
Approved rendering: आत्मत्यागः
Transliteration: ātmatyāgaḥ
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτόν
Category: Discipleship
New Matthew term. Matthew 16:24. Risks resonance with the formal ascetic renunciation ideal (saṃnyāsa), a distinct life-stage within varṇāśrama-dharma; must be taught as inward, moment-by-moment surrender of self-will available to every disciple in ordinary life, not a formal institutional renunciate status.
Pure In Heart
Approved rendering: शुद्धहृदयाः
Transliteration: śuddhahṛdayāḥ
Doctrine: Ritual Purity and True Defilement
Original: καθαρὸς τῇ καρδίᾳ
Category: Sanctification
New Matthew term. Matthew 5:8. शुद्ध shares its root with technical dharmaśāstra ritual purification (śuddhi, prāyaścitta); must be explicitly taught as inward moral purity granted by God, categorically different from ritual purification restoring ritual competence.
See God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वरं द्रक्ष्यन्ति
Transliteration: parameśvaraṃ drakṣyanti
Doctrine: Ritual Purity and True Defilement / Eschatology
Original: τὸν θεὸν ὄψονται
Category: Eschatology
New Matthew term. Matthew 5:8’s eschatological promise. Risks being heard through Advaitic jñāna-darśana, where ‘seeing’/realizing the Self is realizing identity with Brahman (cf. the mahāvākyas). Must be explicitly taught as relational beholding of a distinct, personal God by a distinct person, never self-realization of identity with the Absolute.
Debts Lord Prayer
Approved rendering: अपराधाः
Transliteration: aparādhāḥ
Doctrine: Sin
Rejected alternatives: ऋणम्
Original: ὀφειλήματα
Category: Sin
New Matthew term. Matthew 6:12, the Lord’s Prayer’s debts. ऋणम् is explicitly rejected: it is the technical term for ritual/relational debts owed to gods, sages, and ancestors in the pañca-mahāyajña framework, discharged through prescribed rites; अपराधाः (‘offenses/faults’) avoids implying sin-debt is discharged by ritual performance rather than by God’s free forgiveness.
Wisdom
Approved rendering: प्रज्ञा
Transliteration: prajñā
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Rejected alternatives: ज्ञानम्
Original: σοφία
Category: Christology
New Matthew term. Matthew 11:19, 11:25. ज्ञान directly names the jñāna-mārga, Advaita’s liberating-knowledge soteriological path (ātman=Brahman realization); प्रज्ञा (insight, discernment) reduces this collision, though it too requires a note that this wisdom is revealed relationally by God to the humble, not self-attained through contemplative realization.
Blessed Makarios
Approved rendering: धन्यः
Transliteration: dhanyaḥ
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven (Beatitudes)
Original: μακάριος
Category: Kingdom
New Matthew term. Opens each Beatitude (5:3-11). धन्य is Sanskrit’s ordinary term for ‘fortunate,’ but classical usage frequently understands fortune as the fruit of accumulated puṇya; every occurrence must be taught as God’s sovereign pronouncement of favor, not a description of good karmic fortune already possessed.
New Covenant
Approved rendering: नवीना संविद्
Transliteration: navīnā saṃvid
Doctrine: New Covenant
Original: καινὴ διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
New Matthew term. Matthew 26:28, the Last Supper’s institution, fulfilling Jeremiah 31:31-34. Inherits संविद्’s baseline caution as a comparatively untheorized term still requiring explicit teaching as ‘God’s own binding promise’; ‘new’ must be taught as genuinely new redemptive-historical covenant fulfilling the old, not a mere periodic reform.
Body And Blood
Approved rendering: शरीरम्, रक्तम्
Transliteration: śarīram, raktam
Doctrine: New Covenant
Original: σῶμα / αἷμα
Category: Church
New Matthew term. Matthew 26:26-28, the Lord’s Supper elements. Must be carefully distinguished from prasāda, the baseline’s flagged ritual food-offering-and-return structure; the Supper is memorial participation in a once-for-all completed atoning sacrifice, not a repeatable ritual exchange generating merit.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: प्रेषितः
Transliteration: preṣitaḥ
Doctrine: Great Commission / Sending of the Twelve
Rejected alternatives: गुरुः, ऋषिः
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Named at the commissioning of the Twelve (10:2); Matthew’s own polemic against honorific teacher-titles (23:8-10) independently reinforces avoiding गुरुः.
Peace
Approved rendering: शान्तिः
Transliteration: śāntiḥ
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: निर्वृत्तिः
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Named in the Beatitudes’ peacemakers (5:9) and in the sword-not-peace saying (10:34); must not be flattened into a generic ideal Jesus is then seen to contradict — the term names relational/covenantal peace, which his mission can disrupt at the family level while establishing at the God-relationship level.
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: आत्मिकं वरदानम्
Transliteration: ātmikaṃ varadānam
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Rejected alternatives: वरदानम्, सिद्धिः
Original: χάρισμα (concept, cf. τάλαντα)
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Retained as a conceptual bridge adjacent to the Parable of the Talents (25:14-30), which itself uses literal monetary τάλαντα rather than this term directly.
Church
Approved rendering: मण्डली
Transliteration: maṇḍalī
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline
Rejected alternatives: मन्दिरम्, मठः
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Named at Caesarea Philippi (16:18) and in the church-discipline procedure (18:17); never मन्दिरम् or मठः. See ‘temple_literal’ below for the correct, non-contradictory use of मन्दिरम् for the literal Jerusalem building.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वरस्य राज्यम्
Transliteration: parameśvarasya rājyam
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven (synonym)
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. Matthew uses this baseline phrase interchangeably with his own preferred idiom at points of emphasis (12:28, 19:24, 21:31, 21:43); functions as the semantic anchor to which ‘kingdom_of_heaven’ (new entry below, Critical) must be explicitly tied at first occurrence.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: अन्यजातीयाः
Transliteration: anyajātīyāḥ
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles / Great Commission
Rejected alternatives: म्लेच्छाः
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Never म्लेच्छाः. Matthew’s programmatic use at 28:19 (‘all nations’) makes consistency with this rendering essential for the Great Commission doctrine.
Mission
Approved rendering: सुसमाचारप्रचारः
Transliteration: susamācāraprachāraḥ
Doctrine: Great Commission
Original: ἀποστολή / πέμπω (concept, cf. ch. 10, 24:14, 28:16-20)
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Covers the sending of the Twelve (ch. 10) and the Great Commission (28:16-20); descriptive, non-triumphalist register maintained per baseline’s own note.
David
Approved rendering: दाविद्
Transliteration: dāvid
Doctrine: Jesus as Son of David
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Matthew’s Davidic material is far denser than Romans’ (1:1, 1:6, 1:17, 1:20, 9:27, 12:23, 15:22, 20:30-31, 21:9, 21:15, 22:42-45); see ‘son_of_david’ below for the new title this generates.
Israel
Approved rendering: इस्राएलः
Transliteration: isrāelaḥ
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Named across the infancy narrative (2:6, 2:20-21), the Commission’s initial scope (10:6, 10:23, 15:24), and the trial narrative (27:9, 27:42).
Magi
Approved rendering: विद्वांसः
Transliteration: vidvāṃsaḥ
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: ज्योतिषिकाः
Original: μάγοι
Category: Covenant
New Matthew term. Learned foreigners from the East (ch. 2). Never ज्योतिषिकाः (‘astrologers’), which would tacitly affirm astrology as an ongoing valid revelatory channel.
Star Of Bethlehem
Approved rendering: तारा
Transliteration: tārā
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy
Original: ἀστήρ
Category: Covenant
New Matthew term. The celestial sign marking the Messiah’s birth (2:2, 2:7, 2:9-10); a singular, one-time divine sign, not validation of jyotiṣa as a general practice.
Authority
Approved rendering: अधिकारः
Transliteration: adhikāraḥ
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: Christology
New Matthew term. Climaxes at 7:29 (‘he taught as one having authority, and not as their scribes’). अधिकार carries a Mīmāṃsā-adjacent technical sense (ritual eligibility/qualification); must be taught as Christ’s own inherent, self-grounded authority, not qualification-based ritual competence.
Teach
Approved rendering: उपदिशति / शिक्षां ददाति
Transliteration: upadiśati / śikṣāṃ dadāti
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Original: διδάσκω
Category: Christology
New Matthew term. Introduced at the Sermon’s opening (5:2). उपदेश sits within the guru-upadeśa framework; must be paired with explicit teaching that Jesus’s authority to teach is unique and self-grounded, not one upadeśa among many within a lineage.
Perfect
Approved rendering: पूर्णः
Transliteration: pūrṇaḥ
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Rejected alternatives: सिद्धः
Original: τέλειος
Category: Sanctification
New Matthew term. Named at 5:48 and offered to the rich young man (19:21). सिद्धः is explicitly rejected: it names attained yogic mastery/siddhi, the fruit of disciplined practice; पूर्णः avoids implying self-achieved yogic attainment.
Keys Of Kingdom
Approved rendering: राज्यस्य कुञ्चिकाः
Transliteration: rājyasya kuñcikāḥ
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline
Original: κλεῖδας τῆς βασιλείας
Category: Church
New Matthew term. Delegated authority of access/governance given to Peter (16:19); a transparent authority-metaphor whose doctrinal weight is carried chiefly by the paired ‘bind_and_loose’ term.
Tradition Of Elders
Approved rendering: परम्परा
Transliteration: paramparā
Doctrine: Human Tradition versus God’s Command
Original: παράδοσις τῶν πρεσβυτέρων
Category: Church
New Matthew term. Accumulated human oral tradition contrasted unfavorably with God’s direct command (15:2-6). Same word used for guru-śiṣya lineage transmission; the source text itself relativizes ‘tradition’ against divine command, a productive convergence with this Language Package’s independent paramparā caution.
Temple Literal
Approved rendering: मन्दिरम्
Transliteration: mandiram
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline (contrast term)
Original: ἱερόν / ναός
Category: Church
New Matthew term. The literal Jerusalem Temple building (21:12-13, 24:2). The baseline rejects मन्दिरम् for ‘church’ because it names an image-centered ritual building — that rejection concerns a different referent. Here मन्दिरम् is the correct and necessary term for the literal historical building; must not be confused with the church/माण्डली distinction.
Lose Find Life
Approved rendering: जीवनं हारयति / जीवनं लभते
Transliteration: jīvanaṃ hārayati / jīvanaṃ labhate
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: ἀπολέσῃ / εὑρήσει τὴν ψυχήν
Category: Discipleship
New Matthew term. The paradoxical discipleship saying (10:39, 16:25); no independent major collision beyond general life/soul vocabulary care — render plainly without importing a specific metaphysical theory of the soul’s nature.
Yoke
Approved rendering: युगम्
Transliteration: yugam
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: ζυγός
Category: Discipleship
New Matthew term. Matthew 11:29-30. युग is lexically identical to the term for a cosmic ‘age’ (yuga-cycle cosmology); the agricultural-harness sense is contextually unambiguous, but this homonymy should be flagged so it is never confused with an age/epoch reference (see ‘end_of_age’).
Mercy
Approved rendering: दया
Transliteration: dayā
Doctrine: Mercy and Compassion
Original: ἐλεήμων / ἔλεος
Category: Ethics
New Matthew term. Named in the Beatitudes (5:7), Jesus’s self-description (‘mercy, not sacrifice,’ 9:13, 12:7), and against the Pharisees (23:23). दया is well-attested for divine/human compassion in bhakti literature; must be distinguished from अनुग्रहः (grace, favor apart from merit) and from bhakti’s transactional guru/deity-dayā expectation of devotional return.
Fasting
Approved rendering: उपवासः
Transliteration: upavāsaḥ
Doctrine: Fasting and Almsgiving as Private Devotion
Original: νηστεία / νηστεύω
Category: Sanctification
New Matthew term. Matthew 6:16-18. उपवास is a fully developed vrata (ritual-vow) category, typically merit-generating and tied to specific deities/calendar-days; must be taught as private devotional discipline before God alone, not a puṇya-generating vrata.
Almsgiving
Approved rendering: दानम्
Transliteration: dānam
Doctrine: Fasting and Almsgiving as Private Devotion
Original: ἐλεημοσύνη
Category: Ethics
New Matthew term. Matthew 6:1-4. दान is one of the pañca-mahāyajña merit-virtues of the householder; must be taught as an expression of mercy flowing from grace already received, not a merit-accumulating ritual obligation.
Mammon
Approved rendering: मम्मोनः
Transliteration: mammonaḥ
Doctrine: Mammon and the Peril of Wealth
Original: Μαμωνᾶς
Category: Ethics
New Matthew term. Matthew 6:24. Transliterated rather than rendered with a native wealth-term, avoiding implication of an actual rival deity (Kubera/Lakṣmī parallel); framed explicitly as a personification and rival claimant to allegiance, not a deity in fact.
Parable
Approved rendering: दृष्टान्तः
Transliteration: dṛṣṭāntaḥ
Doctrine: Parables as a Teaching Method
Original: παραβολή
Category: Teaching
New Matthew term. Jesus’s characteristic figurative teaching form (13:1-52 and throughout). दृष्टान्त is also the Nyāya syllogism’s ‘example’ step (udāharaṇa); minor homonymy, easily disambiguated by context.
Transfiguration
Approved rendering: रूपान्तरम्
Transliteration: rūpāntaram
Doctrine: The Transfiguration of Christ
Original: μετεμορφώθη
Category: Christology
New Matthew term. Matthew 17:2. Must not be conflated with avatāra theology’s periodic, repeatable form-taking nor with yogic siddhi-attainment; a singular revelatory disclosure of glory Christ already eternally possessed, not a new acquisition.
Betrayal
Approved rendering: विश्वासघातः
Transliteration: viśvāsaghātaḥ
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ (Passion narrative)
Original: παραδίδωμι
Category: Christology
New Matthew term. Judas’s act (26:14-16, 26:48-50). Built transparently on विश्वासः (‘faith/trust’), negatively inflecting the very root reserved positively for saving faith; contextually unambiguous but flagged for word-family consistency.
Tomb
Approved rendering: शवगुहा
Transliteration: śavaguhā
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: समाधिः
Original: μνημεῖον
Category: Christology
New Matthew term. Matthew 27:60-66, 28:1-8. समाधि is first and centrally the Yoga Sūtras’ technical term for meditative absorption; शवगुहा (‘corpse-cave’) is a plain descriptive compound avoiding this collision.
Poor In Spirit
Approved rendering: आत्मना दीनाः
Transliteration: ātmanā dīnāḥ
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven (Beatitudes)
Original: πτωχὸς τῷ πνεύματι
Category: Kingdom
New Matthew term. Matthew 5:3. आत्मन् used only instrumentally (‘in respect of the self/spirit’), not as a Holy Spirit title or Vedāntic Ātman-doctrine reference; must not be misheard as Advaitic self-negation. Gloss as humble dependence on God, not loss of self, at first use.
Meek
Approved rendering: नम्राः
Transliteration: namrāḥ
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven (Beatitudes)
Original: πραΰς
Category: Kingdom
New Matthew term. Matthew 5:5. नम्र is the plain gentleness/humility term; risk is only that it may be read as mere social deference rather than a Kingdom virtue with an eschatological reward attached — pair explicitly with the promise clause.
Inherit Earth
Approved rendering: उत्तराधिकारेण लभन्ते
Transliteration: uttarādhikāreṇa labhante
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven (Beatitudes)
Original: κληρονομέω
Category: Kingdom
New Matthew term. Matthew 5:5. उत्तराधिकार is a legal-inheritance term without major competing technical sense, but should echo the baseline’s adoption entry’s insistence on full, not partial, heirship, contra dattaka-grahaṇa’s partial-share rules.
Peacemakers
Approved rendering: शान्तिकर्तारः
Transliteration: śāntikartāraḥ
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven (Beatitudes)
Original: εἰρηνοποιός
Category: Kingdom
New Matthew term. Matthew 5:9. Inherits the baseline’s caution that शान्ति risks being heard as the Yoga Sūtra’s citta-vṛtti-nirodha (private meditative cessation); the कर्तृ (‘maker/doer’) compound foregrounds active relational agency.
Low Risk Terms
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: धन्यवादः
Transliteration: dhanyavādaḥ
Doctrine: Thanksgiving and Blessing
Original: εὐχαριστέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Used at the feeding miracle (15:36) and the Last Supper (26:27).
Fellowship
Approved rendering: सहभागिता
Transliteration: sahabhāgitā
Doctrine: Fellowship and Table Communion
Rejected alternatives: सत्सङ्गः
Original: κοινωνία (concept, cf. table scenes)
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Implicit in Jesus’s table-fellowship with sinners (9:10-13) and the Last Supper (26:26-29); never सत्सङ्गः.
Exhort
Approved rendering: उत्तेजनम्
Transliteration: uttejanam
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Root shared with the Beatitudes’ ‘comforted’ (5:4, παρακαλέω).
Prophet
Approved rendering: भविष्यद्वक्ता
Transliteration: bhaviṣyadvaktā
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: ऋषिः
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Matthew’s most frequently recurring category, cited in ~20 fulfillment-formula passages; never ऋषिः.
Prophecy
Approved rendering: भविष्यवाणी
Transliteration: bhaviṣyavāṇī
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. See ‘fulfill’ below for the verb-form carrying higher (High) risk.
Referenced passages