Passage

Romans 3

• Doctrine

  Faith

  In everyday Ukrainian usage 'having faith' (віра) often functions as shorthand for confessional identity (OCU, UOC, Greek Catholic, Protestant) rather than personal trust in Christ specifically; Romans' individual, Christ-directed sense must be made explicit.

  ROM.3.22-28

• Glossary Term

  Faith

  віра is standard and unambiguous, but as in other historically state-church contexts, 'faith' can default to confessional/institutional identity (яка у нього віра?

  ROM.3.22-28

• Doctrine

  Fulfillment of Prophecy

  Linear historical fulfillment (OT to NT) is not in tension with any competing native cosmology; main risk is treating OT prophecy as generic religious literature rather than a specific, historically anchored promise.

  ROM.3.21

• Glossary Term

  Gentiles

  погани is the Ohienko translation's term but in modern Ukrainian its primary everyday meaning has shifted to 'bad/wicked people' (a false-friend homograph with the older 'pagans/heathens' sense), a much sharper drift than the Russian cognate's milder 'pagan' association.

  ROM.3.29-30

• Doctrine

  Grace

  CRITICAL: three living traditions hold three distinct theological accounts of grace (Orthodox uncreated energies, Greek Catholic Western-influenced created/infused grace, Protestant unmerited forensic favor).

  ROM.3.24

• Glossary Term

  Grace

  CRITICAL: благодать is correct across all three major Ukrainian Christian traditions, but each understands it differently: Orthodox theology (OCU and UOC alike) follows Palamite uncreated-energies theology; Greek Catholic theology, in communion with Rome, has historically leaned toward the Western scholastic category of created, infused grace; Protestant/Evangelical usage (the primary frame for this curriculum) means unmerited favor apart from works.

  ROM.3.24

• Glossary Term

  Israel

  Standard proper name; note the modern nation-state of Israel shares the identical Ukrainian name, so context should clarify when the biblical people/covenant referent, not the contemporary state, is meant.

  ROM.3.29-30

• Glossary Term

  Law

  закон is the standard Ohienko term for the Mosaic Law/Torah and the ordinary word for civil law, helpful for Paul's legal-metaphor argument in Romans 2-7.

  ROM.3.21

• Glossary Term

  Prophecy

  God-inspired declaration; distinguish from horoscope/fortune-telling (ворожіння, гороскоп), still a widespread cultural practice in secular media.

  ROM.3.21

• Glossary Term

  Sin

  гріх is well established and, unlike in more secularized post-Soviet contexts, retains fuller devotional and moral weight for much of the Ukrainian audience amid the wartime religious revival; the risk here runs the other direction from Russian's flattening risk — care is needed that гріх in wartime moral discourse (e.g.

  ROM.3.23

• Doctrine

  Unity of Jews and Gentiles

  Given the historical weight of antisemitic violence on Ukrainian soil (including pogroms and the Holocaust, notably at Babyn Yar), Romans 9-11's argument for Jewish-Gentile unity and God's ongoing faithfulness to Israel needs careful, unambiguous translation, especially since 'gentiles' (погани) has drifted toward a derogatory everyday sense (see translation_memory.json) that could inadvertently color this passage.

  ROM.3.29-30

• Doctrine

  Universal Human Accountability

  Universal guilt before God (Romans 1:18-3:20) must be presented as applying to every reader personally, not narrowed by wartime moral discourse to mean only the conduct of an external aggressor or enemy.

  ROM.3.23