Core Glossary
Core Glossary — 1 Corinthians | English → Gujarati
Legend: Status = [BASELINE REUSE] (already in Romans translation_memory.json, must match exactly) or [NEW] (proposed here for 1 Corinthians, pending formal registry addition). Risk follows Critical / High / Medium / Low per doctrine_risk_registry.json conventions.
Core Passage Terms (1 Corinthians 15:1-11)
| English Term | Greek | Transliteration | Gujarati Rendering | Status | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gospel | εὐαγγέλιον | euangelion | સુવાર્તા | BASELINE REUSE | High | Fixed apostolic content, not general good news |
| received (tradition) | παραλαμβάνω | paralambanō | સ્વીકારવું / અંગીકાર કરવું | NEW | Medium-High | Distinguish from guru-paramparā lineage transmission |
| delivered (tradition) | παραδίδωμι | paradidōmi | સોંપવું | NEW | Medium | Paired with received above |
| saved | σῴζω | sōzō | ઉદ્ધાર પામવો | BASELINE REUSE | Critical | Never મોક્ષ/મુક્તિ/કેવલજ્ઞાન/સિદ્ધત્વ |
| hold fast | κατέχω | katechō | દ્રઢતાથી પકડી રાખવું | NEW | Low-Medium | |
| believed | πιστεύω | pisteuō | વિશ્વાસ કર્યો | BASELINE REUSE | High | Never શ્રદ્ધા/ભક્તિ |
| died for our sins (substitution) | ἀπέθανεν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν | apethanen hyper tōn hamartiōn | આપણાં પાપોને માટે મરણ પામ્યો | NEW | Critical | Must preserve substitutionary, not merely causal, sense |
| sin(s) | ἁμαρτία | hamartia | પાપ | BASELINE REUSE | High | Never અધર્મ |
| scriptures | γραφή | graphē | પવિત્રશાસ્ત્ર | NEW | High | Never bare શાસ્ત્ર (collides with Hindu/Jain shastra literature) |
| buried | θάπτω | thaptō | દફનાવવામાં આવ્યો | NEW | Low | |
| raised (resurrection) | ἐγείρω | egeirō | પુનરુત્થાન પામ્યો | BASELINE REUSE | Critical | Never પુનર્જન્મ |
| third day | τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ | tē tritē hēmera | ત્રીજે દિવસે | NEW | Low | Reinforces linear, historical fulfillment |
| appeared (resurrection sighting) | ὀφθάω | ophthaō | દેખાયા | NEW | High | Never “દર્શન આપ્યું” — avoid darshan devotional framing |
| Cephas | Κηφᾶς | Kēphas | કેફાસ | NEW | Low | Proper name; gloss as પિતર (Peter) |
| the Twelve | οἱ δώδεκα | hoi dōdeka | બાર (પ્રેરિતો) | NEW | Low | |
| once for all / at one time | ἐφάπαξ | ephapax | એક જ સમયે | NEW | Medium | Guard against cyclical-time assimilation |
| fallen asleep (death) | κοιμάομαι | koimaomai | ઊંઘી ગયા | NEW | Medium-High | Clarify: awaiting bodily resurrection, not transmigration |
| James | Ἰάκωβος | Iakōbos | યાકૂબ | NEW | Low | Established Gujarati Bible proper-name form |
| apostles | ἀπόστολος | apostolos | પ્રેરિત | BASELINE REUSE | Medium | Never ગુરુ/સંદેશવાહક |
| untimely born | ἔκτρωμα | ektrōma | અકાળે જન્મેલા બાળક જેવો | NEW | Low-Medium | Humility metaphor |
| worthy/fit | ἱκανός | hikanos | યોગ્ય | NEW | Low | |
| called | καλέω | kaleō | તેડાયેલા | BASELINE REUSE | High | Apostolic-calling sense here |
| persecuted | διώκω | diōkō | સતાવ્યું | NEW | Low | |
| church of God | ἐκκλησία τοῦ θεοῦ | ekklēsia tou theou | પરમેશ્વરની મંડળી | BASELINE REUSE | Medium | Never મંદિર/દેરાસર |
| grace | χάρις | charis | કૃપા | BASELINE REUSE | Critical | Never નિર્જરા/પુણ્ય/કર્મફળ |
| in vain / empty | κενός | kenos | નિરર્થક | NEW | Low | |
| labored | κοπιάω | kopiaō | શ્રમ કર્યો | NEW | Low-Medium | Preserve self-correcting “not I, but grace” logic |
| preach/proclaim | κηρύσσω | kēryssō | પ્રચાર કરવો | NEW | Medium | Ties to મિશન/સુવાર્તા પ્રચાર baseline family |
Chapter 1
| English Term | Greek | Gujarati | Status | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| called | κλητός | તેડાયેલા | BASELINE REUSE | High | |
| grace | χάρις | કૃપા | BASELINE REUSE | Critical | |
| fellowship | κοινωνία | સંગત | BASELINE REUSE | Low | |
| saints/sanctified | ἡγιασμένοι | પવિત્ર જનો | BASELINE REUSE | High | |
| division/schism | σχίσμα | ભાગલા/ફૂટ | NEW | High | Christian Unity vs. Factionalism doctrine core term |
| strife | ἔρις | તકરાર | NEW | Medium | |
| wisdom | σοφία | ડહાપણ | NEW | High | Avoid જ્ઞાન (Jain samyak-jñāna collision) |
| foolishness | μωρία | મૂર્ખાઈ | NEW | Medium | Preserve paradox with wisdom |
| cross | σταυρός | ક્રૂસ | NEW | Critical | Core term for “Cross as Wisdom and Power” |
| power of God | δύναμις θεοῦ | પરમેશ્વરનું સામર્થ્ય | BASELINE REUSE | High | Never શક્તિ |
| boasting | καύχησις | બડાઈ મારવી | NEW | Medium | Grace-vs-merit contrast |
Chapter 2
| English Term | Greek | Gujarati | Status | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| spiritual (person) | πνευματικός | આત્મિક | NEW | Medium | |
| natural/unspiritual person | ψυχικός | પ્રાકૃતિક માનવી | NEW | High | Risk of Samkhya prakṛti collision |
| fleshly/carnal | σαρκικός | દેહાધીન | NEW | Medium | |
| mystery | μυστήριον | રહસ્ય | NEW | Medium-High | Not esoteric occult secret-knowledge |
| mind of Christ | νοῦς Χριστοῦ | ખ્રિસ્તનું મન | NEW | Low |
Chapter 3
| English Term | Greek | Gujarati | Status | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| temple (metaphor: church) | ναός | મંદિર | NEW | Critical | Mandatory translator note vs. Hindu mandir / Jain derasar idol-shrine model |
| building/edification | οἰκοδομή | બાંધકામ / ઉન્નતિ | NEW | Low-Medium | |
| foundation | θεμέλιος | પાયો | NEW | Low | |
| reward | μισθός | બદલો/ઈનામ | NEW | Medium-High | Distinguish from કર્મફળ |
| wisdom of this world | σοφία τοῦ κόσμου | ડહાપણ (see ch.1) | NEW | High |
Chapter 4
| English Term | Greek | Gujarati | Status | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| steward | οἰκονόμος | કારભારી | NEW | Medium | |
| servant | ὑπηρέτης | સેવક | NEW | Low | |
| judge (verb) | κρίνω | ન્યાય કરવો | NEW | Low-Medium | Keep distinct from ન્યાયી ઠરાવવું (justification) |
| kingdom of God | βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ | પરમેશ્વરનું રાજ્ય | BASELINE REUSE | Medium | |
| father (spiritual) | πατήρ | પિતા | BASELINE REUSE (contextual) | Low | Human, metaphorical usage; distinguish from divine Fatherhood |
Chapter 5
| English Term | Greek | Gujarati | Status | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sexual immorality | πορνεία | વ્યભિચાર | NEW | Medium-High | Church Discipline and Holiness core term |
| leaven | ζύμη | ખમીર | NEW | Low-Medium | |
| unleavened | ἄζυμος | બેખમીર | NEW | Low | |
| Passover/Christ our Passover | πάσχα | પાસ્ખા | NEW | High | Sacrifice typology; Jain ahimsa-sensitivity in framing |
| deliver to Satan | παραδίδωμι Σατανᾷ | શેતાનને સોંપવો | NEW | High | Distinguish from occult curse practice |
Chapter 6
| English Term | Greek | Gujarati | Status | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| body | σῶμα | શરીર | NEW | Medium | |
| temple of the Holy Spirit | ναός τοῦ Πνεύματος | પવિત્ર આત્માનું મંદિર | NEW | Critical | Individual-body application of ch.3 term |
| washed | ἀπολούω | ધોવાયેલા | NEW | Medium | |
| sanctified | ἁγιάζω | પવિત્ર થયેલા | BASELINE REUSE | High | |
| justified | δικαιόω | ન્યાયી ઠરાવવામાં આવ્યા | BASELINE REUSE | Critical | |
| bought with a price | ἀγοράζω τιμῆς | મૂલ્ય ચૂકવીને ખરીદ્યા | NEW | Critical | New Redemption doctrine cluster |
| joined (one flesh) | κολλάω | જોડાવું | NEW | Low-Medium |
Chapter 7
| English Term | Greek | Gujarati | Status | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| marriage | γάμος | લગ્ન | NEW | Medium | |
| virgin | παρθένος | કુંવારી/કુંવારો | NEW | Medium | |
| unmarried/widow | ἄγαμος/χήρα | અપરિણીત/વિધવા | NEW | High | Strong Gujarati cultural pressure toward marriage; widowhood stigma |
| gift (marriage/celibacy) | χάρισμα | કૃપાદાન | NEW | Medium | Ties to આત્મિક કૃપાદાન family |
| calling (life-station) | κλῆσις | તેડું | BASELINE REUSE (contextual) | High | Expanded sense beyond salvation/ministry calling |
Chapter 8
| English Term | Greek | Gujarati | Status | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| idol | εἴδωλον | મૂર્તિ | NEW | Critical | Core term, Christian Liberty and Idol Meat doctrine |
| food sacrificed to idols | εἰδωλόθυτον | મૂર્તિને અર્પણ કરેલું ભોજન | NEW | Critical | NEVER પ્રસાદ |
| knowledge | γνῶσις | જ્ઞાન | NEW | High | Note vs. Jain samyak-jñāna |
| conscience | συνείδησις | અંતઃકરણ | NEW | Medium | Avoid અંતરાત્મા (ātman resonance) |
| right/liberty | ἐξουσία | અધિકાર | NEW | Medium | |
| stumbling block | πρόσκομμα/σκάνδαλον | ઠોકર/અંતરાય | NEW | Medium |
Chapter 9
| English Term | Greek | Gujarati | Status | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| apostleship | ἀπόστολος | પ્રેરિત | BASELINE REUSE | Medium | |
| reward | μισθός | બદલો/ઈનામ | NEW | Medium-High | |
| crown | στέφανος | મુગટ | NEW | Medium | |
| self-control | ἐγκράτεια | સંયમ/આત્મસંયમ | NEW | High | Distinguish from Jain tapa merit-earning |
| gospel | εὐαγγέλιον | સુવાર્તા | BASELINE REUSE | High |
Chapter 10
| English Term | Greek | Gujarati | Status | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| idolatry | εἰδωλολατρία | મૂર્તિપૂજા | NEW | Critical | |
| temptation | πειρασμός | પરીક્ષા | NEW | Low-Medium | |
| participation/communion | κοινωνία (technical) | સહભાગિતા | NEW | Medium-High | Distinct from general સંગત; Lord’s Supper technical term |
| table of the Lord/demons | τράπεζα κυρίου/δαιμονίων | પ્રભુનું મેજ / ભૂત-પ્રેતોનું મેજ | NEW | High | δαίμων ≠ mere folk ghost |
| glory of God | δόξα θεοῦ | મહિમા | BASELINE REUSE | High |
Chapter 11
| English Term | Greek | Gujarati | Status | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| head/headship | κεφαλή | શિર | NEW | High | Requires theologian review every occurrence |
| covering/veil | κατακαλύπτω | ઢાંકવું | NEW | Medium | Avoid uncritical regional-veiling-custom conflation |
| Lord’s Supper | κυριακὸν δεῖπνον | પ્રભુ ભોજન | NEW | Critical | Core term for Lord’s Supper doctrine |
| remembrance | ἀνάμνησις | સ્મરણ | NEW | Medium-High | |
| body and blood | σῶμα καὶ αἷμα | શરીર અને લોહી | NEW | High | Memorial/spiritual-presence framing, not literal transformation |
| discerning the body | διακρίνων τὸ σῶμα | શરીરને પારખવું | NEW | Medium-High | |
| new covenant | καινὴ διαθήκη | નવો કરાર | BASELINE REUSE | High |
Chapter 12
| English Term | Greek | Gujarati | Status | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| spiritual gifts | πνευματικά/χαρίσματα | આત્મિક કૃપાદાન | BASELINE REUSE | Medium | |
| body of Christ | σῶμα Χριστοῦ | ખ્રિસ્તનું શરીર | NEW | High | Distinct from મંડળી |
| members | μέλη | અંગો | NEW | Low-Medium | |
| baptized in one Spirit | βαπτίζω ἐν Πνεύματι | એક આત્મામાં બાપ્તિસ્મા પામ્યા | NEW | High | |
| manifestation of the Spirit | φανέρωσις τοῦ Πνεύματος | આત્માનું પ્રગટીકરણ | NEW | Medium-High | Not સિદ્ધિ |
| discerning of spirits | διάκρισις πνευμάτων | આત્માઓની પરખ | NEW | Medium-High | Distinguish from folk exorcism practice |
| tongues | γλῶσσαι | ભાષાઓ | NEW | High | |
| interpretation of tongues | ἑρμηνεία γλωσσῶν | ભાષાઓનું અર્થઘટન | NEW | Medium |
Chapter 13
| English Term | Greek | Gujarati | Status | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| love | ἀγάπη | પ્રેમ | NEW | High | Distinguish from Vaishnav prem-bhakti romantic/devotional overtones |
| hope | ἐλπίς | આશા | NEW | Low-Medium | |
| faith | πίστις | વિશ્વાસ | BASELINE REUSE | High | |
| tongues of angels | γλῶσσαι ἀγγέλων | ભાષાઓ (see ch.12) | NEW | High |
Chapter 14
Chapter 14 introduces one new term (order); all other vocabulary reuses chapters 12-13 terms (tongues, prophecy, interpretation, edification).
| English Term | Greek | Gujarati | Status | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| order | τάξις | વ્યવસ્થા/ક્રમ | NEW | Medium | Order in Worship doctrine core term |
| prophecy | προφητεία | ભવિષ્યવાણી | BASELINE REUSE | Low | reused from Romans |
| edification | οἰκοδομή | ઉન્નતિ | NEW (ties to baseline “mutual_edification”) | Low-Medium |
Chapter 15 (verses 12-58; core passage vv.1-11 above)
| English Term | Greek | Gujarati | Status | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| resurrection of the dead | ἀνάστασις νεκρῶν | પુનરુત્થાન | BASELINE REUSE | Critical | Never પુનર્જન્મ |
| firstfruits | ἀπαρχή | પ્રથમફળ | NEW | Medium-High | Guarantee, not ritual harvest-offering |
| last Adam | ὁ ἔσχατος Ἀδάμ | છેલ્લો આદમ | NEW | Critical | Federal headship; no ready parallel, build from first principles |
| perishable/imperishable | φθαρτός/ἄφθαρτος | નાશવંત/અવિનાશી | NEW | High | Distinguish from Hindu avināśī ātman |
| mortal/immortality | θνητός/ἀθανασία | મર્ત્ય/અમરત્વ | NEW | High | Distinguish from Hindu amrita/deathless-soul concept |
| spiritual body/natural body | σῶμα πνευματικόν/ψυχικόν | આત્મિક શરીર/પ્રાકૃતિક શરીર | NEW | Critical | Real transformed body, not disembodied state or reincarnation |
| sown/raised (seed) | σπείρεται/ἐγείρεται | વાવવામાં આવે છે/ઉઠાડવામાં આવે છે | NEW | High | Guard against cyclical rebirth assimilation |
| victory/sting of death | νίκη/κέντρον θανάτου | વિજય/મરણનો ડંખ | NEW | Low-Medium |
Chapter 16
| English Term | Greek | Gujarati | Status | Risk | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| collection | λογεία | દાન એકત્ર કરવું | NEW | Low-Medium | |
| Maranatha | Μαρανὰ θά | મારાનાથા | NEW | Medium | Retained transliteration, paralleling અબ્બા |
| accursed/anathema | ἀνάθεμα | શાપિત | NEW | High | Distinguish from folk-curse practice |
| holy kiss | φίλημα ἅγιον | પવિત્ર ચુંબન | NEW | Medium | Cultural/practical note, not doctrinal |
Cross-Reference to Baseline Terms Reused Without Modification
The following baseline translation_memory.json terms recur across 1 Corinthians and MUST be used exactly as recorded in the baseline: સુવાર્તા (gospel), કૃપા (grace), વિશ્વાસ (faith), ન્યાયીપણું, ન્યાયી ઠરાવવું (justification), ઉદ્ધાર (salvation), પ્રેરિત (apostle), તેડાયેલા/તેડું (called/calling), પવિત્ર (holy), પવિત્ર જનો (saints), પવિત્રીકરણ (sanctification), પુનરુત્થાન (resurrection), પ્રભુ (lord), મંડળી (church), પરમેશ્વરનું રાજ્ય (kingdom of God), પાપ (sin), મહિમા (glory), પરમેશ્વરનું સામર્થ્ય (power of God), કરાર (covenant), મસીહા (messiah), ભવિષ્યવાણી (prophecy), પરમેશ્વર (God), પવિત્ર આત્મા (Holy Spirit), પિતા (Father), ઈસુ (Jesus), ખ્રિસ્ત (Christ), પાઉલ (Paul), દાઉદ (David), ઇઝરાયલ (Israel), આત્મિક કૃપાદાન (spiritual gifts), મિશન/સુવાર્તા પ્રચાર (mission).
Pending Registry Actions (for Phase 1 Steps 2-9)
All terms marked [NEW] in this glossary must be:
- Reviewed against the Linguistic Gap Analysis and Core Glossary methodology used for the Romans baseline.
- Assigned a final risk tier and added to an extended
translation_memory.json(version increment) andbible_term_registry.jsonfor 1 Corinthians. - Cross-checked for collision against the same three culturally dominant frameworks documented in the Romans baseline: Vaishnav/bhakti devotionalism (esp. Dwarka-centered Krishna devotion), the Jain Three Jewels/karma/tapa/moksha framework, and popular Hindu Shakti/goddess devotion (e.g., Ambaji).
- Routed for human theologian review if Critical/High, native speaker review if Medium, per the baseline
doctrine_risk_registry.jsonreview_routing convention.
Critical Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: કૃપા
Transliteration: kṛpā
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: મહેરબાની, કર્મફળ, પુણ્ય, નિર્જરા
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Cor 15:10 uses χάρις three times to insist Paul’s transformation and labor are the RESULT, not the CAUSE, of grace — Gujarati clause order must preserve this self-correcting logic against any merit-economy reading.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: ન્યાયીપણું
Transliteration: nyāyīpaṇũ
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ધર્મ, પુણ્ય, સમ્યક્ ચારિત્ર્ય
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Cor 1:30: ‘Christ Jesus… our righteousness’ — a granted status in Christ, never ધર્મ or સમ્યક્ ચારિત્ર્ય (self-attained right conduct).
Justification
Approved rendering: ન્યાયી ઠરાવવું
Transliteration: nyāyī ṭharāvavũ
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: માફી મળવી, પુણ્ય કમાવું
Original: δικαιόω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Part of the conversion triad in 1 Cor 6:11 (‘washed, sanctified, justified’). Must remain morphologically distinct from ordinary human κρίνω (‘to judge/evaluate’, judge_verb below).
Salvation
Approved rendering: ઉદ્ધાર
Transliteration: uddhār
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: મોક્ષ, મુક્તિ, કેવલજ્ઞાન, સિદ્ધત્વ
Original: σῴζω / σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Cor 15:2 uses this in the present passive (‘are being saved’) — an ongoing state maintained by holding fast to the gospel content of vv.3-4.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: પુનરુત્થાન
Transliteration: punarutthān
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Rejected alternatives: પુનર્જન્મ, ફરી અવતરવું
Original: ἀνάστασις / ἐγείρω
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. Central argument of 1 Corinthians 15 (core passage). NEVER પુનર્જન્મ. The seed metaphor (15:36-44) is the highest-risk point for cyclical-rebirth misreading; distinguish sharply from Jain karma-driven mechanical transmigration.
Lord
Approved rendering: પ્રભુ
Transliteration: prabhu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: સ્વામી, તીર્થંકર
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Used of Christ throughout 1 Corinthians (1:2, 8:6, 12:3, 15:47 ‘the Lord from heaven’).
Messiah
Approved rendering: મસીહા
Transliteration: Masīhā
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Rejected alternatives: અવતારી પુરુષ
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Distinct from ખ્રિસ્ત, which functions as Christ’s proper title/name throughout 1 Corinthians while retaining full messianic force.
God
Approved rendering: પરમેશ્વર
Transliteration: Parmeśvar
Doctrine: Deity of Christ / God
Rejected alternatives: ઈશ્વર, ભગવાન
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER ભગવાન.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: પવિત્ર આત્મા
Transliteration: Pavitra Ātmā
Doctrine: Sanctification / Temple of the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: પરમાત્મા, બ્રહ્મ
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Indwells believers individually and corporately (1 Cor 3:16, 6:19, 12:1-11). Never પરમાત્મા or બ્રહ્મ.
Father
Approved rendering: પિતા
Transliteration: Pitā
Doctrine: God / Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: સૃષ્ટિકર્તા
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. God as personal Father (1 Cor 1:3, 8:6, 15:24). Distinct from Paul’s metaphorical human use of ‘father’ for his spiritual paternity of the Corinthians (4:15) — flag translator note distinguishing the two.
Jesus
Approved rendering: ઈસુ
Transliteration: Īsu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ઈસા
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package.
Christ
Approved rendering: ખ્રિસ્ત
Transliteration: Khrist
Doctrine: Messianic Promise / Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: અવતાર, ભગવાનનો અવતાર
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package (established transliteration standard per the baseline AI requirements doc’s proper-name conventions). Used constantly throughout 1 Corinthians as Jesus’ proper title (1:2, 1:23, 15:3, 15:12-23); never conflated with અવતાર-language for a divine descent figure.
Cross
Approved rendering: ક્રૂસ
Transliteration: krūs
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Rejected alternatives: વધસ્તંભ
Original: σταυρός
Category: Atonement
Established Gujarati Christian loanword. Metonymy for Christ’s full atoning death and the saving message centered on it (1:17-18, 23; 2:2). Never reduced to a bare execution instrument; deliberately paradoxical against both Vaishnav triumphalist-avatar expectation and Jain non-violence sensibilities.
Substitutionary Atonement
Approved rendering: આપણાં પાપોને માટે મરણ પામ્યો
Transliteration: āpaṇāṅ pāpone māṭe maraṇ pāmyo
Doctrine: Substitutionary Atonement
Rejected alternatives: પાપને કારણે મરણ પામ્યો (mere causal rendering)
Original: ἀπέθανεν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν
Category: Atonement
1 Cor 15:3. ὑπέρ must retain substitutionary force (‘died in our place, bearing our sin’s penalty’), never mere causal benefit. No structural equivalent in Jain karma theory, where consequence is borne solely by the originating soul with zero vicarious transfer — build from first principles, not merely contrast.
Temple Metaphor
Approved rendering: મંદિર
Transliteration: mandir
Doctrine: Temple of the Holy Spirit
Original: ναός
Category: Church
1 Cor 3:16-17 (corporate church); 6:19 (individual believer’s body). MANDATORY translator note at every metaphorical occurrence distinguishing this Spirit-indwelt corporate/individual ‘temple’ from the Hindu mandir or Jain derasar model of a shrine housing a physical image.
Bought With A Price
Approved rendering: મૂલ્ય ચૂકવીને ખરીદ્યા
Transliteration: mūlya cūkavīne kharīdyā
Doctrine: Redemption / Bought with a Price
Original: ἀγοράζω τιμῆς
Category: Salvation
1 Cor 6:20; 7:23. Establishes the Redemption doctrine cluster; must be taught constructively as Christ’s atoning purchase — there is no ‘purchaser’ figure at all in moksha or kevalajñāna frameworks, only the soul’s own accumulated merit or ascetic discipline.
Idol
Approved rendering: મૂર્તિ
Transliteration: mūrti
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: εἴδωλον
Category: Idolatry
1 Cor 8:4; also 10:19. Standard, unambiguous Gujarati word for a worshiped image in both Hindu bhakti and Jain derasar traditions; retained directly for maximum cultural force, never softened.
Food Sacrificed To Idols
Approved rendering: મૂર્તિને અર્પણ કરેલું ભોજન
Transliteration: mūrtine arpaṇ karelũ bhojan
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Rejected alternatives: પ્રસાદ
Original: εἰδωλόθυτον
Category: Idolatry
1 Cor 8:1, 7, 10; 10:28. ABSOLUTE FENCE: NEVER પ્રસાદ — the standard Gujarati/Hindu term for food offered to a deity and then eaten as a blessing — which would positively frame exactly what Paul treats as a matter for careful conscience. Always the full descriptive phrase, never a single word.
Idolatry
Approved rendering: મૂર્તિપૂજા
Transliteration: mūrtipūjā
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: εἰδωλολατρία
Category: Idolatry
1 Cor 10:7, 14. Standard, unambiguous Gujarati word for the central devotional practice of a large majority of Gujarat’s population, giving the warning direct cultural force.
Lords Supper
Approved rendering: પ્રભુ ભોજન
Transliteration: Prabhu bhojan
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Original: κυριακὸν δεῖπνον
Category: Worship
1 Cor 10:16-21; 11:17-34. Core term; must be used consistently across all occurrences. Never framed as, or explained via, પ્રસાદ-sharing.
Last Adam
Approved rendering: છેલ્લો આદમ
Transliteration: Chello Ādam
Doctrine: Federal Headship (Adam and Christ)
Original: ὁ ἔσχατος Ἀδάμ
Category: Christology
1 Cor 15:22, 45-49. Federal-headship typology has no ready structural parallel in Hindu or Jain thought, where each soul’s fate is individually and mechanically fixed by its own karma. Must be built up from first principles, following the same approach the baseline registry recommends for the Incarnation — never assumed as an existing cultural category.
Spiritual Body Natural Body
Approved rendering: આત્મિક શરીર / પ્રાકૃતિક શરીર
Transliteration: ātmik śarīr / prākṛtik śarīr
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: σῶμα πνευματικόν / σῶμα ψυχικόν
Category: Eschatology
1 Cor 15:44. Must be taught as a real, transformed, embodied existence — not a disembodied spirit-state and not reincarnation into a fresh body under a new karmic cycle. The two halves of this compound must always appear paired in direct contrast within the same sentence/verse, never introduced alone.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: સુવાર્તા
Transliteration: suvārtā
Doctrine: Gospel / The Gospel as Fixed Apostolic Tradition
Rejected alternatives: ખબર, શુભ સંદેશ
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. In 1 Corinthians 15:1-5 the gospel is explicitly a received, fixed, transmittable body of historical fact (death, burial, resurrection, appearances), not a feeling or one teaching among many available in Gujarat’s religious marketplace.
Faith
Approved rendering: વિશ્વાસ
Transliteration: viśvāsa
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: શ્રદ્ધા, ભક્તિ
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Cor 15:2 raises the possibility of believing εἰκῆ (‘in vain’) — faith must have real historical content, not undirected devotional sentiment.
Called
Approved rendering: તેડાયેલા
Transliteration: tedāyelā
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: આમંત્રિત
Original: καλέω / κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. In 1 Cor 7:17-24 the sense expands to one’s providential life-station (marriage, singleness, social status) in addition to apostleship (1:1) and sainthood (1:2, 1:9).
Calling
Approved rendering: તેડું
Transliteration: teḍũ
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: આહ્વાન
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Cor 7:20 applies this noun to one’s life-station at the time of conversion; still God’s sovereign summons, not self-initiated seeking as in guru-diksha.
Holy
Approved rendering: પવિત્ર
Transliteration: pavitra
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: શુદ્ધ
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Applied throughout 1 Corinthians (1:2, 3:17, 7:14, 7:34).
Saints
Approved rendering: પવિત્ર જનો
Transliteration: pavitra jano
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: સંતો, મુનિ
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Corporate designation for all believers (1:2, 6:1-2, 16:1); never સંતો/મુનિ, both ascetic-elite categories in Gujarati usage.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: પવિત્રીકરણ
Transliteration: pavitrikaraṇ
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: શુદ્ધિકરણ, તપ દ્વારા શુદ્ધિ
Original: ἁγιασμός / ἁγιάζω
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Part of the conversion triad (6:11); the participial form પવિત્ર થયેલા (‘sanctified’) is used interchangeably with this noun form per context. Distinguish from Jain tapa self-purification.
Sin
Approved rendering: પાપ
Transliteration: pāp
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability / Substitutionary Atonement
Rejected alternatives: અધર્મ
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Cor 15:3, ‘Christ died for our sins.’ Never અધર્મ; distinguish from impersonal Jain karma-pudgala.
Glory
Approved rendering: મહિમા
Transliteration: mahimā
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: તેજ, પ્રકાશ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Cor 10:31 (‘do all to the glory of God’) and 15:40-41 (differing glories of resurrection bodies).
Power Of God
Approved rendering: પરમેશ્વરનું સામર્થ્ય
Transliteration: Parmeśvarnũ Sāmarthya
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Rejected alternatives: શક્તિ
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Cor 1:18-24: ‘the power of God’ displayed paradoxically in the cross. Never શક્તિ (Ambaji/Shakti mother-goddess tradition).
Covenant
Approved rendering: કરાર
Transliteration: karār
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Rejected alternatives: સમજૂતી
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Cor 11:25 ‘this cup is the new covenant in my blood’ — pair consistently as નવો કરાર.
Law
Approved rendering: નિયમશાસ્ત્ર
Transliteration: niyamśāstra
Doctrine: Law
Rejected alternatives: ધર્મ, શરિયત
Inherited from Romans package. Appears in 1 Cor 9:8-9, 14:21, 15:56. Never ધર્મ (Jain dharmāstikāya metaphysical-substance collision).
Scriptures
Approved rendering: પવિત્રશાસ્ત્ર
Transliteration: pavitraśāstra
Doctrine: The Gospel as Fixed Apostolic Tradition
Rejected alternatives: શાસ્ત્ર (bare)
Original: γραφή
Category: Covenant
1 Cor 15:3-4. Never bare શાસ્ત્ર, the common Gujarati word for Hindu dharma-shastras and Jain Agama-shastras generally.
Received Tradition
Approved rendering: સ્વીકારવું / અંગીકાર કરવું
Transliteration: svīkāravũ / aṅgīkār karavũ
Doctrine: The Gospel as Fixed Apostolic Tradition
Rejected alternatives: સાંભળ્યું (mere hearsay)
Original: παραλαμβάνω
Category: Faith
1 Cor 15:1, 3; 11:23. Gujarat’s dominant guru-paramparā (teacher-to-disciple lineage transmission, prominent in Vaishnav bhakti and Jain monastic tradition) offers a ready-made but wrong frame; translator note required distinguishing a closed, historical, eyewitness-verified apostolic deposit from an open, evolving spiritual lineage.
Appeared
Approved rendering: દેખાયા
Transliteration: dekhāyā
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Rejected alternatives: દર્શન આપ્યું
Original: ὀφθάω
Category: Christology
1 Cor 15:5-8. ABSOLUTE FENCE: never દર્શન આપ્યું — the technical Gujarati devotional term (Vaishnav bhakti and Jain temple worship) for a reverential vision of a deity, guru, or Tirthankara image. Use plain દેખાયા to preserve evidentiary, historically-verifiable eyewitness testimony. Ranked #1 highest-risk ambiguity in the letter (06_linguistic_gap_analysis.md).
Fallen Asleep
Approved rendering: ઊંઘી ગયા
Transliteration: ũṅghī gayā
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: κοιμάομαι
Category: Eschatology
1 Cor 15:6, 18, 20, 51. NT euphemism for believer’s death. Requires translator note: this ‘sleep’ refers to bodies awaiting a single future bodily resurrection, not a transitional state between incarnations as in transmigration frameworks.
Schism Division
Approved rendering: ભાગલા / ફૂટ
Transliteration: bhāgalā / fūṭ
Doctrine: Christian Unity versus Factionalism
Original: σχίσμα
Category: Church
1 Cor 1:10; 11:18. Must convey harmful splintering of the one body of Christ, not the normal, socially reinforced sect/guru-lineage sub-community loyalty (Swaminarayan sampradāya branches, Jain gaccha divisions) that Gujarati religious culture treats as ordinary. Pair consistently with મંડળીમાં (‘within the church’) to keep the ecclesial referent explicit.
Wisdom
Approved rendering: ડહાપણ
Transliteration: ḍahāpaṇ
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Rejected alternatives: જ્ઞાન
Original: σοφία
Category: Wisdom
1 Cor 1:17-30; 2:1-16; 3:18-20. Avoid જ્ઞાન: in Jain doctrine જ્ઞાન (samyak jñāna) is one of the Three Jewels, liberating knowledge attained by the soul’s own effort; in Hindu jñāna-yoga, જ્ઞાન is an enlightened-insight path to moksha. Every ‘wisdom of God vs. wisdom of this world’ contrast needs a translator note distinguishing Christ-as-wisdom from self-attained gnosis.
Natural Person
Approved rendering: પ્રાકૃતિક માનવી
Transliteration: prākṛtik mānavī
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Original: ψυχικός
Category: Wisdom
1 Cor 2:14. Risk of collision with the Samkhya-derived Hindu/Jain concept of prakṛti (material nature) as a metaphysical principle governing the unliberated soul; translator note required that this is anthropological (a person without the Spirit), not a cosmological category.
Mystery
Approved rendering: રહસ્ય
Transliteration: rahasya
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Rejected alternatives: ગુપ્ત જ્ઞાન
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Wisdom
1 Cor 2:7; 4:1; 13:2; 15:51. Must be framed as God’s formerly-hidden plan now openly revealed to all, not esoteric initiatory secret-knowledge for a spiritual elite (a frame Hindu tantric and Jain restricted-teaching traditions readily supply). Never ગુપ્ત જ્ઞાન (‘secret knowledge’).
Reward
Approved rendering: બદલો / ઈનામ
Transliteration: badalo / ināma
Doctrine: Christian Self-Discipline and Reward
Rejected alternatives: કર્મફળ
Original: μισθός
Category: Discipline
1 Cor 3:8, 14; 9:17-18. Must be clearly distinguished from કર્મફળ (karmic fruit of action); a gracious commendation of faithful service, not a mechanically-earned outcome.
Sexual Immorality
Approved rendering: વ્યભિચાર
Transliteration: vyabhichār
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Original: πορνεία
Category: Discipline
1 Cor 5:1 (incest case); also 6:13, 18; 7:2. Must convey serious moral transgression against God, not merely social scandal.
Passover
Approved rendering: પાસ્ખા
Transliteration: Pāskhā
Doctrine: Christ Our Passover
Original: πάσχα
Category: Atonement
1 Cor 5:7-8. Christ as fulfilled Passover sacrifice; no ready parallel in Hindu or Jain thought. Gujarat’s Jain ahimsa culture may find substitutionary animal-sacrifice imagery religiously discomforting absent careful explanatory framing.
Deliver To Satan
Approved rendering: શેતાનને સોંપવો
Transliteration: Śetānne sompavo
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Original: παραδίδωμι Σατανᾷ
Category: Discipline
1 Cor 5:5. MANDATORY translator note at every occurrence: a solemn corrective act of the gathered church aimed at repentance and restoration, categorically distinct from jādū-ṭonā occult curse-casting, a practice with real folk-religious currency in Gujarat.
Unmarried Widow
Approved rendering: અપરિણીત / વિધવા
Transliteration: apariṇīt / vidhavā
Doctrine: Marriage and Singleness
Original: ἄγαμος / χήρα
Category: Marriage
1 Cor 7:8, 32-34, 39-40. Gujarati culture (Hindu and Jain alike) carries strong social pressure toward marriage and significant stigma around widowhood; Paul’s affirmation of singleness as an equal or preferable calling must not be softened.
Knowledge
Approved rendering: જ્ઞાન
Transliteration: jñān
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: γνῶσις
Category: Idolatry
1 Cor 8:1. Requires translator note: this is knowledge that can breed pride, not an endorsement or rejection of the Jain samyak-jñāna framework of liberating knowledge; Paul’s contrast is knowledge-without-love versus love, not knowledge-as-such versus faith. Kept lexically distinct from ડહાપણ (wisdom).
Participation Communion
Approved rendering: સહભાગિતા
Transliteration: sahabhāgitā
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Original: κοινωνία (technical)
Category: Worship
1 Cor 10:16. Technical rendering of κοινωνία distinct from general fellowship (સંગત), needed for Lord’s Supper theology and used consistently through ch.11.
Table Of The Lord Demons
Approved rendering: પ્રભુનું મેજ / ભૂત-પ્રેતોનું મેજ
Transliteration: Prabhunũ mej / bhūt-pretonũ mej
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: τράπεζα κυρίου / τράπεζα δαιμονίων
Category: Worship
1 Cor 10:21. δαίμων must convey a serious, personal, spiritually hostile power behind idol worship — not merely a folk ghost, since ordinary Gujarati ભૂત-પ્રેત usage trends toward harmless folklore. Translator note mandatory affirming real spiritual danger.
Headship
Approved rendering: શિર
Transliteration: śir
Doctrine: Order in Worship
Original: κεφαλή
Category: Worship
1 Cor 11:3. Requires human theologian review at EVERY occurrence; Gujarati patriarchal cultural assumptions may over-literalize headship as domination beyond the text’s ambiguous source/authority sense. Deliberately left as plain ‘head’ rather than an invented compound, per linguistic gap analysis.
Remembrance
Approved rendering: સ્મરણ
Transliteration: smaraṇ
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Original: ἀνάμνησις
Category: Worship
1 Cor 11:24-25. Must avoid trivializing to ‘merely a memory’ while also avoiding any suggestion of repeated re-sacrifice; consistent with the participatory (સહભાગિતા) sense from ch.10.
Body And Blood
Approved rendering: શરીર અને લોહી
Transliteration: śarīr ane lohī
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Original: σῶμα καὶ αἷμα
Category: Worship
1 Cor 11:24-25. Literal rendering required; translator note should clarify the memorial/spiritual-presence significance intended in mainstream Gujarati Protestant tradition, without asserting a literal physical transformation of the elements (contrast: Catholic transubstantiation, Orthodox real mystical presence — neither is this curriculum’s framework).
Discerning The Body
Approved rendering: શરીરને પારખવું
Transliteration: śarīrne pārakhavũ
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Original: διακρίνων τὸ σῶμα
Category: Worship
1 Cor 11:29. Warning against unworthy participation; convey serious self-examination regarding unity with the body of Christ, not ritual-correctness anxiety.
Body Of Christ
Approved rendering: ખ્રિસ્તનું શરીર
Transliteration: Khristnũ śarīr
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Original: σῶμα Χριστοῦ
Category: Church
1 Cor 12:12-27. Organic-unity metaphor; must remain lexically distinct from મંડળી (church) so the metaphor is not flattened into a mere organizational term.
Baptized In One Spirit
Approved rendering: એક આત્મામાં બાપ્તિસ્મા પામ્યા
Transliteration: ek ātmāmāṅ bāptismā pāmyā
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Original: ἐβαπτίσθημεν ἐν ἑνὶ Πνεύματι
Category: Church
1 Cor 12:13. Uses established Gujarati Christian transliteration બાપ્તિસ્મા.
Manifestation Of The Spirit
Approved rendering: આત્માનું પ્રગટીકરણ
Transliteration: ātmānũ pragaṭīkaraṇ
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Rejected alternatives: સિદ્ધિ
Original: φανέρωσις τοῦ Πνεύματος
Category: Church
1 Cor 12:7. Must not be read as સિદ્ધિ (yogic/ascetic self-attained supernatural power) — this is Spirit-given, sovereignly distributed for corporate benefit, not self-attained.
Discerning Of Spirits
Approved rendering: આત્માઓની પરખ
Transliteration: ātmāonī parakh
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Original: διάκρισις πνευμάτων
Category: Church
1 Cor 12:10. Distinguish from folk-religious spirit-discernment/exorcism practices common in Gujarati popular religion.
Tongues
Approved rendering: ભાષાઓ
Transliteration: bhāṣāo
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Original: γλῶσσαι
Category: Church
1 Cor 12:10, 28, 30; 13:1; 14:1-33. Consistent rendering required through chs.12-14 given contemporary charismatic/continuationist-cessationist sensitivities.
Love
Approved rendering: પ્રેમ
Transliteration: prem
Doctrine: Love as the Greater Way
Rejected alternatives: ભક્તિ, શ્રદ્ધા-adjacent devotional phrasing
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Love
1 Corinthians 13, throughout; also 8:1, 16:14. No viable alternative single word exists. Gujarat’s Vaishnav prem-bhakti tradition (Dwarka-centered gopi-Krishna devotional poetry) saturates this word with romantic/devotional-ecstatic connotation. ἀγάπη’s selfless, active, covenantal, chosen character must be reinforced by sustained context and translator notes at every attribute clause (13:4-7), never by lexical substitution.
Firstfruits
Approved rendering: પ્રથમફળ
Transliteration: prathamphaḷ
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: ἀπαρχή
Category: Eschatology
1 Cor 15:20, 23. Christ’s resurrection guarantees believers’ future resurrection, structurally like a harvest’s first portion guaranteeing the rest — must not be confused with Hindu harvest-ritual firstfruits offerings to a deity; the point is guarantee, not offering.
Perishable Imperishable
Approved rendering: નાશવંત / અવિનાશી
Transliteration: nāśvant / avināśī
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: φθαρτός / ἄφθαρτος
Category: Eschatology
1 Cor 15:42, 50-54. અવિનાશી is also the common Gujarati descriptor of the ātman’s inherent, self-existing indestructibility (cf. Bhagavad Gita). Requires translator note at every occurrence: imperishability here is a future gift bestowed on a transformed body at the resurrection, not the soul’s own eternal nature.
Mortal Immortality
Approved rendering: મર્ત્ય / અમરત્વ
Transliteration: martya / amaratva
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: θνητός / ἀθανασία
Category: Eschatology
1 Cor 15:53-54. અમરત્વ carries associations with Hindu amrita (nectar of immortality) and the deathless ātman; requires translator note distinguishing immortality granted through bodily resurrection in Christ from an eternal soul-nature.
Sown Raised
Approved rendering: વાવવામાં આવે છે / ઉઠાડવામાં આવે છે
Transliteration: vāvavāmāṅ āve chhe / uṭhāḍavāmāṅ āve chhe
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: σπείρεται / ἐγείρεται
Category: Eschatology
1 Cor 15:36-44. Seed metaphor. Must be anchored to the one-time resurrection doctrine, not assimilated to cyclical seed/rebirth motifs prominent in Hindu and Jain thought about the soul’s repeated re-embodiment. Ranked #2 highest-risk ambiguity in the letter.
Anathema
Approved rendering: શાપિત
Transliteration: śāpit
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Rejected alternatives: અનાથેમા (bare transliteration)
Original: ἀνάθεμα
Category: Discipline
1 Cor 16:22. A solemn scriptural verdict on rejecting Christ, not personal/occult curse-casting (jādū-ṭonā). Paraphrase (not transliteration) chosen so the Gujarati word itself carries the needed interpretive/theological content.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: પ્રેરિત
Transliteration: prerit
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Calling
Rejected alternatives: ગુરુ, સંદેશવાહક
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Paul defends this commissioned, sent status in 1 Cor 9:1-2 and 15:9 against any reading as a self-attained guru/acharya role.
Church
Approved rendering: મંડળી
Transliteration: maṇḍaḷī
Doctrine: Church as God’s People / Christian Unity versus Factionalism
Rejected alternatives: મંદિર, દેરાસર
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. ‘The church of God’ which Paul once persecuted (15:9). Must remain lexically distinct from ખ્રિસ્તનું શરીર (body_of_christ) — same doctrine, two non-interchangeable metaphors in ch.12.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: પરમેશ્વરનું રાજ્ય
Transliteration: Parmeśvarnũ Rājya
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Rejected alternatives: ઈશ્વરનું રાષ્ટ્ર
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Cor 4:20, 6:9-10, 15:24, 15:50 (inheritance of the kingdom).
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: આત્મિક કૃપાદાન
Transliteration: ātmik kṛpādān
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Rejected alternatives: વરદાન, સિદ્ધિ
Original: πνευματικά / χαρίσματα
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Subject of 1 Corinthians 12 and 14, and the marriage/celibacy ‘gift’ of 7:7. Fence extends to all derivative gift-terms coined for this letter (manifestation_of_the_spirit, tongues, etc.) — never સિદ્ધિ or bare વરદાન anywhere in chs.12-14.
Mission
Approved rendering: મિશન / સુવાર્તા પ્રચાર
Transliteration: miśan / suvārtā prachār
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations
Original: κηρύσσω / εὐαγγελίζομαι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Relevant to Paul’s apostolic self-defense in ch.9.
Israel
Approved rendering: ઇઝરાયલ
Transliteration: Izrāyal
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Inherited from Romans package proper-name convention. 1 Cor 10:18, ‘Israel according to the flesh.‘
Delivered Tradition
Approved rendering: સોંપવું
Transliteration: sompavũ
Doctrine: The Gospel as Fixed Apostolic Tradition
Original: παραδίδωμι
Category: Faith
1 Cor 15:3; 11:2, 23. Paired technical term with received_tradition; apply the same guru-paramparā translator-note guidance.
Once For All
Approved rendering: એક જ સમયે
Transliteration: ek ja samaye
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: ἐφάπαξ
Category: Eschatology
1 Cor 15:6 (500-witness appearance). Reinforces historical singularity against cyclical-time framing common to Hindu and Jain cosmology.
Labored
Approved rendering: શ્રમ કર્યો
Transliteration: śram karyo
Doctrine: Grace
Original: κοπιάω
Category: Faith
1 Cor 15:10; 15:58. Care that ‘labored more than all’ is not read as earning extra merit; Gujarati clause order must preserve the self-correcting ‘not I, but the grace of God’ emphasis.
Preach
Approved rendering: પ્રચાર કરવો
Transliteration: prachār karavo
Doctrine: The Gospel as Fixed Apostolic Tradition
Original: κηρύσσω
Category: Church
1 Cor 15:11; 9:27; 1:23. Ties to baseline’s મિશન/સુવાર્તા પ્રચાર compound family; keep consistent.
Strife
Approved rendering: તકરાર
Transliteration: takrār
Doctrine: Christian Unity versus Factionalism
Original: ἔρις
Category: Church
1 Cor 1:11; 3:3.
Unity
Approved rendering: એકતા
Transliteration: ekatā
Doctrine: Christian Unity versus Factionalism
New supporting term for chs.1, 3, 12 to pair positively against ભાગલા/ફૂટ. No competing sacred-unity concept intrudes on this word in Gujarati; main risk is register drift toward everyday political ‘party unity’ language.
Foolishness
Approved rendering: મૂર્ખાઈ
Transliteration: mūrkhāī
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Original: μωρία
Category: Wisdom
1 Cor 1:18, 23. The paradox (folly = true wisdom) must be preserved, not smoothed over.
Boasting
Approved rendering: બડાઈ મારવી
Transliteration: baḍāī māravī
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Original: καύχησις / καυχάομαι
Category: Wisdom
1 Cor 1:29, 31; 3:21. Boasting in self-attainment excluded; boasting ‘in the Lord’ retained as legitimate praise.
Spiritual Person
Approved rendering: આત્મિક
Transliteration: ātmik
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Original: πνευματικός
Category: Wisdom
1 Cor 2:13, 15; 3:1. Reuses આત્મિક already established in આત્મિક કૃપાદાન.
Fleshly
Approved rendering: દેહાધીન
Transliteration: dehādhīn
Doctrine: Christian Unity versus Factionalism
Original: σαρκικός
Category: Wisdom
1 Cor 3:1, 3. Applied to the immature, quarreling Corinthians.
Steward
Approved rendering: કારભારી
Transliteration: kārbhārī
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Calling
Original: οἰκονόμος
Category: Discipline
1 Cor 4:1, ‘stewards of the mysteries of God.’ Must not be elevated into a guru/acharya figure of independent spiritual authority.
Judge Verb
Approved rendering: ન્યાય કરવો
Transliteration: nyāya karavo
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Original: κρίνω
Category: Discipline
1 Cor 4:5; 5:12-13. Must be kept morphologically distinct from ન્યાયી ઠરાવવું (justification) so ordinary human judging is never confused with God’s forensic act.
Leaven
Approved rendering: ખમીર
Transliteration: khamīr
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Original: ζύμη
Category: Discipline
1 Cor 5:6-8. Metaphor for corrupting influence spreading through the community.
Body Physical
Approved rendering: શરીર
Transliteration: śarīr
Doctrine: Temple of the Holy Spirit
Original: σῶμα
Category: Discipline
1 Cor 6:19-20, ‘your body is a temple of the Holy Spirit.‘
Washed
Approved rendering: ધોવાયેલા
Transliteration: dhovāyelā
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: ἀπολούω
Category: Salvation
1 Cor 6:11. First term of the conversion triad.
Marriage
Approved rendering: લગ્ન
Transliteration: lagna
Doctrine: Marriage and Singleness
Original: γάμος
Category: Marriage
1 Corinthians 7, throughout.
Virgin
Approved rendering: કુંવારી / કુંવારો
Transliteration: kũvārī / kũvāro
Doctrine: Marriage and Singleness
Original: παρθένος
Category: Marriage
1 Cor 7:25-38.
Conscience
Approved rendering: અંતઃકરણ
Transliteration: antaḥkaraṇ
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Rejected alternatives: અંતરાત્મા
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Idolatry
1 Cor 8:7, 10, 12; 10:25-29. Avoid અંતરાત્મા (inner soul/self), which risks resonance with the Hindu ātman as an inner divine self.
Liberty Right
Approved rendering: અધિકાર
Transliteration: adhikār
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: Idolatry
1 Cor 9:4-6; 8:9. Ties into ‘Christian Liberty’; must balance freedom with responsibility, not read as unrestricted license.
Stumbling Block
Approved rendering: ઠોકર / અંતરાય
Transliteration: ṭhokar / antarāy
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: πρόσκομμα / σκάνδαλον
Category: Idolatry
1 Cor 8:9, 13.
Covering
Approved rendering: ઢાંકવું
Transliteration: ḍhāṅkavũ
Doctrine: Order in Worship
Original: κατακαλύπτω
Category: Worship
1 Cor 11:4-7. Avoid uncritical conflation with unrelated regional veiling customs (e.g., ghoonghat/dupatta) as though the text prescribes those specific customs.
Members
Approved rendering: અંગો
Transliteration: aṅgo
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Original: μέλη
Category: Church
1 Cor 12:12-27. Believers as individual limbs/body-parts of the one body.
Interpretation Of Tongues
Approved rendering: ભાષાઓનું અર્થઘટન
Transliteration: bhāṣāonũ arthaghaṭan
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Original: ἑρμηνεία γλωσσῶν
Category: Church
1 Cor 12:10, 30; 14:5, 13, 27.
Order
Approved rendering: વ્યવસ્થા / ક્રમ
Transliteration: vyavasthā / kram
Doctrine: Order in Worship
Original: τάξις
Category: Worship
1 Cor 14:40, ‘let all things be done decently and in order.’ Must convey reverent, edifying structure serving the whole congregation, not rigid puja/derasar ritual procedural exactness, nor mere administrative control. Pair consistently with ઉન્નતિ (edification).
Maranatha
Approved rendering: મારાનાથા
Transliteration: Mārānāthā
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Original: Μαρανὰ θά
Category: Ministry
1 Cor 16:22. Retained transliteration, paralleling the baseline’s treatment of અબ્બા (Abba); gloss with ‘પ્રભુ, આવો’ (Lord, come) in study notes.
Holy Kiss
Approved rendering: પવિત્ર ચુંબન
Transliteration: pavitra cumban
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Original: φίλημα ἅγιον
Category: Church
1 Cor 16:20. Cultural/practical, not doctrinal, risk; physical kissing as a greeting is culturally uncommon in Gujarati social contexts — retain literal rendering with explanatory note about the culturally-equivalent gesture of warm, holy greeting.
Low Risk Terms
Prophecy
Approved rendering: ભવિષ્યવાણી
Transliteration: bhaviṣyavāṇī
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: ભવિષ્યફળ
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. In 1 Corinthians 12:10, 12:28, and ch.14 this word ALSO functions as a named spiritual-gift category, not only OT prediction — context determines sense.
Fellowship
Approved rendering: સંગત
Transliteration: saṅgat
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: મિત્રતા
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Cor 1:9 ‘fellowship of his Son.’ Must be kept distinct from the technical Lord’s Supper participation sense (see participation_communion below).
Paul
Approved rendering: પાઉલ
Transliteration: Pāul
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Calling
Inherited from Romans package proper-name convention. Author of 1 Corinthians (1:1).
Moses
Approved rendering: મૂસા
Transliteration: Mūsā
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Inherited from Romans package proper-name convention. 1 Cor 9:9 quotes ‘the Law of Moses.‘
Hold Fast
Approved rendering: દ્રઢતાથી પકડી રાખવું
Transliteration: dṛḍhatāthī pakaḍī rākhavũ
Doctrine: The Gospel as Fixed Apostolic Tradition
Original: κατέχω
Category: Faith
1 Cor 15:2, 11:2. Perseverance in received gospel content, not passive reception alone.
Cephas
Approved rendering: કેફાસ
Transliteration: Kefās
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: Κηφᾶς
Category: Christology
1 Cor 15:5. Proper name; gloss as પિતર (Peter).
The Twelve
Approved rendering: બાર (પ્રેરિતો)
Transliteration: bār (prerito)
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: οἱ δώδεκα
Category: Church
1 Cor 15:5. Fixed title for the apostolic band; reinforces verifiable, named, collective testimony.
Ektroma
Approved rendering: અકાળે જન્મેલા બાળક જેવો
Transliteration: akāḷe janmelā bāḷak jevo
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Calling
Original: ἔκτρωμα
Category: Christology
1 Cor 15:8. Paul’s self-deprecating description of his unworthy, out-of-order apostolic experience. Humility metaphor; natural Gujarati phrasing preferred over literal medical terminology.
Worthy
Approved rendering: યોગ્ય
Transliteration: yogya
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Calling
Original: ἱκανός
Category: Christology
1 Cor 15:9. Paul’s self-assessment: ‘not fit to be called an apostle.‘
Persecuted
Approved rendering: સતાવ્યું
Transliteration: satāvyũ
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Calling
Original: διώκω
Category: Church
1 Cor 15:9. Paul’s former persecution of the church.
In Vain
Approved rendering: નિરર્થક / ખાલી
Transliteration: nirarthak / khālī
Doctrine: Faith
Original: κενός / εἰκῆ
Category: Faith
1 Cor 15:2, 10, 14, 17, 58.
Mind Of Christ
Approved rendering: ખ્રિસ્તનું મન
Transliteration: Khristnũ man
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Original: νοῦς Χριστοῦ
Category: Wisdom
1 Cor 2:16.
Edification
Approved rendering: બાંધકામ / ઉન્નતિ
Transliteration: bāndhkām / unnati
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: οἰκοδομή
Category: Church
1 Cor 3:9 (‘you are God’s building’); reused in ch.14 for edifying speech (14:3-5, 12, 26). Ties to baseline doctrine ‘mutual_edification.‘
Foundation
Approved rendering: પાયો
Transliteration: pāyo
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Original: θεμέλιος
Category: Church
1 Cor 3:10-11. The foundation Paul laid — Jesus Christ.
Servant
Approved rendering: સેવક
Transliteration: sevak
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Calling
Original: ὑπηρέτης
Category: Discipline
1 Cor 4:1, ‘servants of Christ.‘
Unleavened
Approved rendering: બેખમીર
Transliteration: bekhamīr
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Original: ἄζυμος
Category: Discipline
1 Cor 5:7.
Joined
Approved rendering: જોડાવું
Transliteration: joḍāvũ
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Original: κολλάω
Category: Discipline
1 Cor 6:16-17. Used of sexual union making ‘one body.‘
Temptation
Approved rendering: પરીક્ષા
Transliteration: parīkṣā
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: πειρασμός
Category: Idolatry
1 Cor 10:13.
Hope
Approved rendering: આશા
Transliteration: āśā
Doctrine: Love as the Greater Way
Original: ἐλπίς
Category: Love
1 Cor 13:13, part of the ‘faith, hope, love’ triad.
Victory Sting Of Death
Approved rendering: વિજય / મરણનો ડંખ
Transliteration: vijay / maraṇno ḍaṅkh
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: νίκη / κέντρον θανάτου
Category: Eschatology
1 Cor 15:54-55.
Collection
Approved rendering: દાન એકત્ર કરવું
Transliteration: dān ekatra karavũ
Doctrine: Christian Generosity and the Collection
Original: λογεία
Category: Ministry
1 Cor 16:1-4. Minor risk of being read through general Gujarati religious dāna (merit-giving) rather than mutual care within the body of Christ.
Referenced passages