Core Glossary
Core Glossary — 1 John (English → Turkish)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, drawn from all five chapters of 1 John. Terms marked REUSE carry forward the exact rendering already fixed in the baseline translation_memory.json (Romans, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, Matthew, Mark, Luke, John) and MUST NOT be altered. Terms marked NEW are introduced by this book and require entry into translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json in Phase 2. Risk tiers and definitions match doctrine_risk_registry.json exactly.
Legend
- Status: REUSE (baseline term, unchanged) / NEW (introduced in 1 John)
- Risk: Critical / High / Medium / Low (per baseline definitions)
- Doctrine (curriculum): maps to the 8 curriculum doctrines: (1) God is Light and God is Love; (2) Fellowship with God and One Another; (3) Confession and Forgiveness of Sin; (4) Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth; (5) The Incarnation and Antichrist; (6) Assurance of Salvation and Eternal Life; (7) Overcoming the World; (8) Testing the Spirits
1. Core Passage Terms (1 John 4:7-21)
| # | Term | Greek | Status | Turkish rendering | Risk | Doctrine (curriculum) | Key translation risk / note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Love (verb/noun) | ἀγαπάω / ἀγάπη | NEW (term); concept continuous with baseline | Sevgi / sevmek | High | (1) God is Light and God is Love | Keep distinct from “aşk” (romantic passion) and Sufi “muhabbet” (mystical divine-human love); must be defined by its cross-shaped content (4:9-10), not left as generic warm feeling. |
| 2 | God is love | ὁ θεὸς ἀγάπη ἐστίν | NEW | Tanrı sevgidir | Critical | (1) | Genuine resonance with Islamic el-Vedûd (“The Loving”) as a divine name — a real bridge — but content differs sharply (self-giving, cross-shaped, Son-sending love); never left as an abstract equivalence. Mandatory theologian review. |
| 3 | Born of God | γεννάω (ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ) | REUSE (baseline born_of_god, John 1:13) | Tanrı’dan doğmuş(tur) | Critical | (4), (6) | Structural term across 1 John (2:29; 3:9; 4:7; 5:1,4,18). Never softened to honorific/aspirational status; a settled, completed spiritual paternity. |
| 4 | Knows God / know Him | γινώσκω (τὸν θεόν) | NEW (verse-specific application of baseline known_by_god caution) | Tanrı’yı tanımak | High | (2) | Relational, covenantal knowledge; not Sufi gnosis (marifetullah/irfan) attained through ascetic progression. |
| 5 | Only Son / only begotten | μονογενής | REUSE (baseline rendering at John 3:16: “biricik Oğlu”) | biricik Oğlu | Critical | (5) | Direct tawhid confrontation (Qur’an 112:3); never softened to servant/prophet euphemism. |
| 6 | Manifested | φανερόω | NEW | açıkça ortaya çıktı / gösterildi | High | (1), (5) | Historical, concrete disclosure, not vague ongoing “revelation” (vahiy-adjacent) nor purely inward mystical experience. |
| 7 | World (positive sense, object of God’s love) | κόσμος | REUSE (baseline usage at John 3:16) | dünya | Medium | (1) | Same Turkish word carries an opposite negative sense at 2:15-17/4:4-5; teaching material must disambiguate contextually. |
| 8 | Propitiation | ἱλασμός | NEW | bağışlatıcı kurban | Critical | (1), (3) | Direction of gift reversed from Kurban Bayramı (God initiates and provides, not the worshipper offering to appease); reused at 2:2 and 4:10 identically. Mandatory theologian review. |
| 9 | We ought / are obligated | ὀφείλω | NEW | -meliyiz / borçluyuz | Medium-High | (2), (4) | Response to grace already received, not merit-earning condition; connects to baseline good_works caution. |
| 10 | Abide (God abides, believer abides) | μένω | NEW | kalmak / (Tanrı) bizde yaşar | High | (1), (2), (6) | Single most frequent structural verb in the letter (~24x); must guard against Sufi mystical-absorption reading (fena, vahdet-i vücud) per Galatians baseline’s christ_lives_in_me caution — believer remains a distinct “ben” in ongoing relational union, not dissolved. |
| 11 | Perfected (love) | τελειόω | NEW | tamamlanmış olur / yetkinleşir | High | (1), (4) | Love reaching its designed relational goal, not human moral perfectionism. |
| 12 | Given us of his Spirit | δίδωμι (ἐκ τοῦ πνεύματος) | REUSE (holy_spirit, Kutsal Ruh) | Kutsal Ruh’undan bize verdi | Critical | (2), (6) | Reuse Kutsal Ruh exactly; Spirit as evidence of abiding, not a separate mystical pursuit. |
| 13 | Testify / have seen | θεάομαι / μαρτυρέω | NEW | gördük ve tanıklık ediyoruz | High | (5) | Legal/eyewitness testimony language; grounds confession in apostolic witness, not private mystical insight. |
| 14 | Savior of the world | σωτήρ (τοῦ κόσμου) | NEW (Kurtuluş family) | dünyanın Kurtarıcısı | High | (6) | Reuse Kurtuluş root; universal scope retained; never reduced to hoped-for future cennet-entry. |
| 15 | Confess (Christ) | ὁμολογέω | NEW | açıkça kabul etmek / iman ettiğini açıkça belirtmek | High | (5), (8) | Same verb family as confessing sin (1:9); keep consistent Turkish verb family across both senses. |
| 16 | Son of God | υἱὸς θεοῦ | REUSE (baseline son_of_god) | Tanrı’nın Oğlu | Critical | (5) | Never softened; minimal confessional test of genuine indwelling. |
| 17 | Known and believed | γινώσκω / πιστεύω | REUSE (faith, İman) | tanıdık ve iman ettik | High | (6) | Settled, completed knowledge/faith, not tentative. |
| 18 | Confidence / boldness | παρρησία | NEW | güven / cesaret | Critical | (6) | Sharpest instance of baseline’s assurance_of_salvation doctrine; Islamic soteriology has no comparable present-tense confidence of final standing; never softened to hopeful uncertainty. Mandatory theologian review; reused at 3:21, 5:14. |
| 19 | Day of judgment | ἡμέρα κρίσεως | NEW | yargı günü | Medium | (6) | Genuine resonance with Kıyamet Günü; difference lies in certainty of outcome, not existence of the concept. |
| 20 | Fear (dread of punishment) | φόβος | NEW | korku | Medium-High | (1) | Distinguish from positive “Tanrı korkusu” (reverent fear); this is anxious dread of condemnation specifically. |
| 21 | Perfect/mature love | τέλειος ἀγάπη | NEW | yetkin/tam sevgi | High | (1) | Maturity/completeness, not individually-achieved sinless perfection. |
| 22 | Casts out fear | ἔξω βάλλω | NEW | korkuyu kovar / dışarı atar | Medium | (1) | Keep vivid, decisive force; do not flatten to “eases” or “reduces.” |
| 23 | He first loved us | πρῶτος ἀγαπάω | NEW | O bizi önce sevdi | High | (1) | Temporal AND causal priority; theological hinge of the passage; must not be flattened to simple reciprocity. |
| 24 | Liar | ψεύστης | NEW | yalancı | Medium-High | (3), (4) | Recurs 4x (1:10; 2:4,22; 4:20); keep full rhetorical bluntness, pastoral framing supplied separately. |
| 25 | Brother | ἀδελφός | NEW (concrete term; fellowship abstract-noun caution applies) | kardeş | Medium | (4) | Distinguish from nationalist/ümmet-brotherhood connotations of Turkish “kardeşlik” in broader public discourse. |
| 26 | Commandment | ἐντολή | NEW | buyruk | High | (2), (4) | Obedience as fruit of, not means to, relationship with God; reuse Romans baseline’s obedience_of_faith caution given itaat’s shared root with islam (“submission”). |
2. Chapter 1 Terms (Prologue, Light/Darkness, Confession)
| # | Term | Greek | Status | Turkish rendering | Risk | Doctrine (curriculum) | Key translation risk / note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 27 | Word of Life | ὁ λόγος τῆς ζωῆς | NEW (continuous with baseline in_the_beginning_was_the_word) | Yaşam Sözü | Critical | (5), (6) | Direct Critical Christological freight; teach alongside John 1:1’s established Logos doctrine. |
| 28 | Heard, seen, touched (eyewitness triad) | ἀκούω / ὁράω / ψηλαφάω | NEW | işittik, gözlerimizle gördük, ellerimizle dokunduk | High | (5) | Anti-docetic rebuttal; genuine positive resonance with Islamic isnad/eyewitness-transmission emphasis; keep the escalating, physically concrete force intact. |
| 29 | Fellowship | κοινωνία | REUSE (baseline fellowship, Paydaşlık) | Paydaşlık | Low (reused)/Critical in context | (2) | Vertical (with Father/Son) and horizontal (with believers) fellowship are theologically one reality in this letter. |
| 30 | God is light | ὁ θεὸς φῶς ἐστιν | NEW | Tanrı ışıktır | Critical | (1) | Must not conflate with Nur Muhammad/Sufi light-mysticism (baseline glory caution); moral-ontological claim (purity, truthfulness), not physical/mystical illumination. Mandatory theologian review. |
| 31 | Darkness | σκοτία / σκότος | NEW | karanlık | Medium | (1), (3) | Moral/spiritual darkness, not mere absence of physical light; keep paired consistently with ışık. |
| 32 | Walk in the light / darkness | περιπατέω | NEW | ışıkta yürümek / karanlıkta yürümek | Medium | (1), (3) | Whole manner of life, not episodic behavior. |
| 33 | Blood of Jesus | τὸ αἷμα Ἰησοῦ | NEW (continuous with baseline atonement theology) | İsa’nın kanı | Critical | (3), (5) | Requires a real, historical death; engages the same territory as the Qur’an 4:157 denial already flagged Critical in the Romans baseline. Mandatory theologian review. |
| 34 | Sin | ἁμαρτία | REUSE (baseline sin, Günah) | Günah | High (reused) | (3) | Reinforces universal, inherited sinfulness against a fitrah-based (born-sinless) anthropology. |
| 35 | Confess sins | ὁμολογέω (τὰς ἁμαρτίας) | NEW | günahlarımızı açıkça kabul etmek | High | (3) | Resonance with istighfar (honest verbal acknowledgment before God); difference: grounded in Christ’s already-accomplished atonement, not an uncertain fresh plea each time. |
| 36 | Faithful and just | πιστός καὶ δίκαιος | NEW | güvenilir ve adil | Medium-High | (3) | Describes God’s own character as ground of forgiveness, not a human-achieved status; distinguish from the forensic-standing sense of righteousness elsewhere. |
| 37 | Cleanse from all unrighteousness | καθαρίζω (ἀπὸ πάσης ἀδικίας) | NEW | her türlü kötülükten temizler | Medium-High | (3) | Complete moral cleansing grounded in Christ’s blood, not ceremonial/ritual washing (arınma). |
| 38 | Make God a liar | ψεύστην ποιεῖν | NEW | O’nu yalancı durumuna düşürmek | Medium | (3) | Strong rhetorical escalation; keep confrontational force. |
3. Chapter 2 Terms (Advocate, Propitiation, Commandments, World, Antichrist)
| # | Term | Greek | Status | Turkish rendering | Risk | Doctrine (curriculum) | Key translation risk / note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 39 | Advocate (Christ) | παράκλητος | NEW — deliberately distinct from baseline paraclete (Yardımcı, Holy Spirit) | Savunucumuz | Critical | (3), (5) | Never confused with Yardımcı (Spirit) or with şefaat (Islamic Muhammad-intercession, forbidden per Romans baseline intercession entry); legal defense before the Father grounded in Christ’s own righteousness. Mandatory theologian review. |
| 40 | Propitiation | ἱλασμός | NEW | bağışlatıcı kurban | Critical | (1), (3) | Identical to core-passage entry #8; universal scope (“bütün dünyanın günahları için”) retained. |
| 41 | Keep his commandments | ἐντολὴν τηρεῖν | NEW | buyruklarını tutmak | High | (2), (4) | Obedience as evidence, not ground, of relationship with God. |
| 42 | New commandment / old commandment | ἐντολὴ καινή / παλαιά | REUSE (baseline new_commandment, John 13:34) for “new” side | yeni bir buyruk… eski bir buyruk | Medium-High | (4) | Both/and paradox (ancient command, ever-fresh embodiment) requires explicit teaching, not resolution as contradiction. |
| 43 | Little children / fathers / young men | τεκνία, παιδία / πατέρες / νεανίσκοι | NEW | çocuklarım/yavrularım… babalar… gençler | Low-Medium | (all, pastoral framing) | Warm pastoral address; maturity-stage ambiguity left unresolved in translation. |
| 44 | Love the world (prohibited) | ἀγαπᾶν τὸν κόσμον | NEW (negative κόσμος sense) | dünyayı sevmemek | High | (7) | Same Turkish word “dünya” as the positive sense at 4:9/John 3:16 — mandatory disambiguation note for teachers. |
| 45 | Lust of the flesh | ἐπιθυμία τῆς σαρκός | NEW (reuse flesh, Benlik) | benliğin arzusu | High | (7) | Reuse Benlik per Galatians baseline; never beden (body), which would suggest asceticism. |
| 46 | Lust of the eyes | ἐπιθυμία τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν | NEW | gözün arzusu | Medium | (7) | Standard. |
| 47 | Pride of life | ἀλαζονεία τοῦ βίου | NEW | yaşamın gösterişi | Medium | (7) | Note βίος (livelihood/possessions) vs. ζωή (eternal life) distinction for teachers. |
| 48 | Last hour | ἐσχάτη ὥρα | NEW | son saat | Medium | (5) | Standard eschatological marker. |
| 49 | Antichrist | ἀντίχριστος | NEW | Mesih Karşıtı | Critical | (5) | NEVER “Deccal” (fully-elaborated independent Islamic eschatological figure/narrative); keep anchored strictly to 1 John’s own confessional definition (denial that Jesus is the Christ and denial of real incarnation). Mandatory theologian review; occurs 2:18, 22; 4:3. |
| 50 | Anointing | χρῖσμα | NEW | meshetme / mesh | High | (5), (8) | Shares root with Mesih (positive teaching resonance: all believers share Christ’s “anointed” identity); must not imply an elite charismatic status or Islamic barakah. |
| 51 | The Holy One | ὁ ἅγιος | REUSE (baseline holy, Kutsal) | Kutsal Olan | High (reused) | (5) | Christological title here specifically. |
| 52 | Denying the Father and the Son | ἀρνούμενος τὸν πατέρα καὶ τὸν υἱόν | NEW | Baba’yı ve Oğul’u inkâr etmek | Critical | (5) | Sharp confrontation: denial of the Son’s unique identity is, per this text, denial of the Father also. Careful pastoral framing required without dilution. Mandatory theologian review. |
| 53 | Abide in the Son and the Father | μένειν ἐν τῷ υἱῷ καὶ τῷ πατρί | NEW (reuse μένω analysis) | Oğul’da ve Baba’da yaşamak | High | (2), (6) | Same Sufi-absorption caution as core-passage abide entry. |
| 54 | Practices righteousness / born of him | δικαιοσύνην ποιεῖν / γεννᾶσθαι | REUSE (righteousness Doğruluk + born_of_god) | doğruluğu uygulayan, O’ndan doğmuştur | Critical (reused) | (4) | Evidential, not meritorious. |
4. Chapter 3 Terms (Children of God, Sin as Lawlessness, Sacrificial Love, Confidence)
| # | Term | Greek | Status | Turkish rendering | Risk | Doctrine (curriculum) | Key translation risk / note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 55 | Children of God | τέκνα θεοῦ | NEW (related to but distinct from baseline adoption) | Tanrı’nın çocukları | Critical | (4), (6) | Teach alongside, not confused with, Evlatlığa alınma; never implies God has literal biological offspring. |
| 56 | When he appears we shall be like him | φανερωθῇ / ὅμοιος | NEW | O’na benzeyeceğiz | Medium-High | (6) | Moral/relational likeness only, never ontological identity/divinization. |
| 57 | Purifies himself | ἁγνίζει ἑαυτόν | NEW | kendini paklar | Medium | (3) | Distinct from καθαρίζω (God’s cleansing via blood, 1:9); moral self-discipline motivated by hope, not ritual washing. |
| 58 | Sin is lawlessness | ἁμαρτία ἐστὶν ἡ ἀνομία | NEW | günah, yasa tanımazlıktır | High | (3) | Not narrowly “breaking Kutsal Yasa” (Mosaic law); broader rebellion against God’s moral order as such. |
| 59 | The devil | ὁ διάβολος | NEW | İblis / Şeytan | Medium | (4) | Genuine resonance with Islamic Şeytan/İblis doctrine; the specific “children of God vs. children of the devil” moral-paternity framework is this text’s own distinctive claim. |
| 60 | Cain | Κάϊν | NEW (proper name) | Kayin | Low-Medium | (4) | Established Turkish Bible form; resonance with (non-Qur’anic, later-tradition) Kabil/Habil naming worth noting. |
| 61 | Passed from death to life | μεταβαίνω (ἐκ θανάτου εἰς ζωήν) | NEW | ölümden yaşama geçtik | High | (6) | Perfect tense’s completed, present-standing force must be preserved. |
| 62 | Lay down (his/our) life | τίθημι τὴν ψυχήν | REUSE (baseline pattern, Matthew 20:28/Mark 10:45) | canını verdi / canımızı vermek | High | (4) | Christ’s self-giving becomes the ethical pattern for believers. |
| 63 | Love in deed and truth | ἀγαπᾶν ἐν ἔργῳ καὶ ἀληθείᾳ | NEW | davranışla ve gerçekle sevmek | High | (4) | Guard against amel-mizan misreading; evidential proof of already-genuine love, not merit accumulation (cf. baseline good_works). |
| 64 | Confidence before God | παρρησία πρὸς τὸν θεόν | NEW (identical to core-passage #18) | Tanrı önünde güvenimiz olur | Critical | (6) | First occurrence of the letter’s Critical assurance term; grounded in a clear conscience. |
| 65 | Ask and receive according to his will | αἰτεῖν / θέλημα | NEW | O’nun isteğine göre dilediğimizi almak | Medium | (2) | Always teach with the “according to his will” qualifier attached; never an unconditional promise. |
| 66 | Believe in the name of his Son Jesus Christ | πιστεύειν τῷ ὀνόματι | REUSE (İman + İsa Mesih) | Oğlu İsa Mesih’in adına iman etmek | Critical (reused) | (5), (8) | Summarizes the letter’s twin core commandment (belief + love). |
5. Chapter 4:1-6 Terms (Testing the Spirits)
(4:7-21 terms are listed in Section 1 above.)
| # | Term | Greek | Status | Turkish rendering | Risk | Doctrine (curriculum) | Key translation risk / note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 67 | Test the spirits | δοκιμάζειν τὰ πνεύματα | NEW | ruhları sınamak | Critical | (8) | Sharply distinct from folk-Islamic cin-discernment and Sufi firâset/keşif; criterion here is strictly confessional/propositional, not experiential. Mandatory theologian review. |
| 68 | Spirit of truth / spirit of error | πνεῦμα ἀληθείας / πλάνης | NEW | gerçeğin Ruhu / sapkınlığın ruhu | Medium-High | (8) | Doctrinal, not merely moral or experiential, contrast. |
| 69 | Confess Jesus Christ come in the flesh | ὁμολογεῖν Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν ἐν σαρκὶ ἐληλυθότα | NEW — direct link to REUSE baseline incarnation (Beden alma) | İsa Mesih’in beden alarak geldiğini açıkça kabul etmek | Critical | (5), (8) | Central doctrinal battle line of the letter; must never be softened toward a spiritual-presence-only or teaching-authority-only claim. Mandatory theologian review. |
| 70 | Spirit of the antichrist | τὸ τοῦ ἀντιχρίστου (πνεῦμα) | NEW (reuse antichrist #49) | Mesih Karşıtı’nın ruhu | Critical | (5), (8) | Same Deccal-avoidance caution as #49. |
| 71 | You have overcome them | νενικήκατε αὐτούς | NEW (first occurrence of overcoming_the_world theme) | onları yendiniz | High | (7), (8) | Already-accomplished perfect tense; not fatalistic or merely-hoped-for. |
| 72 | Greater is he who is in you | μείζων ὁ ἐν ὑμῖν | NEW | içinizde olan, dünyada olandan daha büyüktür | High | (7) | Personal, objective comparative claim (the Spirit), not subjective feeling of strength. |
6. Chapter 5 Terms (Faith Overcoming, Threefold Witness, Eternal Life, Sin unto Death, the True God)
| # | Term | Greek | Status | Turkish rendering | Risk | Doctrine (curriculum) | Key translation risk / note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 73 | Believing Jesus is the Christ | πιστεύειν ὅτι Ἰησοῦς ἐστιν ὁ Χριστός | REUSE (İman + Mesih) | İsa’nın Mesih olduğuna iman eden | Critical (reused) | (5) | Restates the letter’s minimal confessional test, tied to new birth. |
| 74 | Everyone born of God overcomes the world | γεννηθὲν ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ νικᾷ τὸν κόσμον | REUSE (born_of_god + #71) | Tanrı’dan doğan her şey dünyayı yener | Critical (reused) | (6), (7) | New birth as inherently, definitionally victorious, not merely aspirational. |
| 75 | The victory that overcomes the world is our faith | ἡ νίκη… ἡ πίστις ἡμῶν | NEW | dünyayı yenen zafer, imanımızdır | Critical | (7) | Faith itself (İman, not generic “inanç”) is the specific instrument of victory, not religious effort. |
| 76 | The water and the blood | τὸ ὕδωρ καὶ τὸ αἷμα | NEW, interpretively contested | su ve kan | High | (5) | Render literally; record (do not resolve in-text) both major interpretive readings — baptism-and-death, or cross-side flow (John 19:34) — per the baseline’s israel_of_god convention. |
| 77 | The Spirit is the truth | τὸ πνεῦμα ἡ ἀλήθεια | NEW (reuse Kutsal Ruh) | Ruh gerçektir | High | (8) | Testimony-source framing; reinforces confessional (not experiential) test criterion. |
| 78 | Comma Johanneum (5:7-8 textual variant) | — | NEW textual-critical note (parallel to baseline longer_ending_textual_note, woman_caught_in_adultery_textual_note) | (metin eleştirisi notu; ayrı bir çeviri gerektirmez) | High | (8), doctrine of Trinity generally | Textus Receptus’s explicit “Father, Word, Holy Spirit” formula absent from earliest Greek manuscripts; follow the earlier three-witness reading (Spirit, water, blood) with a transparent note; Trinity doctrine rests securely on other well-attested texts (Matthew 28:19; John 1:1; John 20:28). Mandatory theologian review and transparent documentation, non-negotiable. |
| 79 | The testimony of God concerning his Son | ἡ μαρτυρία τοῦ θεοῦ | NEW | Tanrı’nın Oğlu hakkındaki tanıklığı | Medium-High | (5) | Sets up the “making God a liar” rhetorical pattern (cf. #38). |
| 80 | The life is in his Son | ἡ ζωὴ ἐν τῷ υἱῷ | REUSE (eternal_life, Sonsuz yaşam) | yaşam O’nun Oğlu’ndadır | Critical (reused) | (6) | Exclusive scope (only in the Son) must be preserved, echoing John 14:6. |
| 81 | So that you may know you have eternal life | ἵνα εἰδῆτε ζωὴν αἰώνιον | REUSE (eternal_life + assurance_of_salvation) | sonsuz yaşama sahip olduğunuzu bilmeniz için | Critical (reused) | (6) | The letter’s own stated purpose (5:13), parallel to John 20:31; present-tense, knowable assurance. |
| 82 | Sin unto death | ἁμαρτία πρὸς θάνατον | NEW | ölüme götüren günah | Critical | (3), (6) | Not an Islamic kebire/sağine severity-scale category; parallel to and distinct from the Matthew baseline’s blasphemy_against_the_spirit (settled, deliberate rejection). Must not induce scrupulous fear. Mandatory theologian review. |
| 83 | Everyone born of God does not sin | γεγεννημένος ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ οὐχ ἁμαρτάνει | REUSE (born_of_god) | Tanrı’dan doğan günah işlemez | Critical (reused) | (4), (6) | Mandatory cross-reference to 1:8-10 to prevent sinless-perfectionism misreading; describes decisive break with sin’s dominion, not individual sinlessness. |
| 84 | The whole world lies in the power of the evil one | ὁ κόσμος ὅλος ἐν τῷ πονηρῷ κεῖται | NEW (negative κόσμος sense, cf. #44) | bütün dünya kötü olanın elindedir | Medium-High | (7) | Consistent with the negative κόσμος sense established at 2:15-17. |
| 85 | This is the true God and eternal life | οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ἀληθινὸς θεὸς καὶ ζωὴ αἰώνιος | NEW — direct deity claim | O, gerçek Tanrı’dır ve sonsuz yaşamdır | Critical | (5), (6) | Structurally parallel to John 20:28; do not resolve the antecedent question (Christ vs. Father) away from the majority Christological reading in translation; note transparently for teachers. One of the sharpest direct deity-of-Christ statements in the NT. Mandatory theologian review. |
| 86 | Keep yourselves from idols | φυλάξατε ἑαυτὰ ἀπὸ τῶν εἰδώλων | REUSE (idolatry, Putperestlik family) | putlardan kendinizi koruyun | Medium-High | (1), (8) | Genuine resonance with Islamic tawhid/anti-shirk teaching; in context, functions specifically as a call to the true God/true Christ against the false teachers’ distorted “Jesus,” not generic anti-polytheism. |
7. Reused Baseline Terms Requiring No New Analysis (Full List)
The following terms occur in 1 John and MUST use the exact baseline translation_memory.json rendering with no modification: Müjde (gospel, implied background), İman (faith), Doğruluk (righteousness), Kurtuluş (salvation, and the Kurtarıcı/Savior extension), Tanrı’nın Oğlu (Son of God), Beden alma (incarnation), İsa Mesih (Jesus Christ, always paired), Tanrı (God), Kutsal Ruh (Holy Spirit), Baba (Father), Kutsal (holy), Evlatlığa alınma (adoption), Benlik (flesh, ethical sense), Putperestlik (idolatry), Günah (sin), Paydaşlık (fellowship), Sonsuz yaşam (eternal life), and the John 13:34 rendering of the new commandment (“Size yeni bir buyruk veriyorum: birbirinizi sevin”). See Section headers above for the specific verses where each is reused.
Critical Risk Terms
Righteousness
Approved rendering: Doğruluk
Transliteration: doh-roo-LOOK
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: salih amel (righteous deeds), adalet (justice, generic)
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. In 1 John (2:29; 3:7,10) functions evidentially as proof of new birth, never as the meritorious ground of it; never salih amel.
Salvation
Approved rendering: Kurtuluş
Transliteration: koor-too-LOOSH
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: cennete girmek (entering paradise, as the whole content), necat (Ottoman/Arabic register)
Original: σωτηρία (implicit; cf. σωτήρ, 4:14)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Underlies 1 John’s Savior_of_the_world and eternal_life language; never diluted into hoped-for future cennet-entry.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Kutsal Ruh
Transliteration: koot-SAHL ROOH
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: Cebrail (the archangel Gabriel)
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον / τὸ πνεῦμα
Category: Holy Spirit
Inherited from Romans package. In 1 John, given as evidence of mutual indwelling (3:24; 4:13) and as truthful witness (5:6-8); never equated with Cebrail.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: Tanrı’nın Oğlu
Transliteration: tahn-RUH-nuhn oh-LOO
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Tanrı’nın sevgili kulu (God’s beloved servant), kutsal kişi (holy person)
Original: υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. In 1 John this is the minimal confessional test for genuine indwelling of God (4:15; 5:5) and the doctrine denial of which defines ‘antichrist’ (2:22-23). Never softened.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: Beden alma
Transliteration: beh-DEN ahl-MAH
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: Tanrı’nın insan kılığına girmesi (God disguising himself as a human), tecessüm (bare philosophical term without doctrinal framing)
Inherited from Romans package. Anchors 1 John’s central confessional battle line (4:2-3) against docetic denial of real, permanent embodiment.
Jesus
Approved rendering: İsa
Transliteration: ee-SAH
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: bare ‘İsa Peygamber’ (Prophet Jesus, without Mesih)
Inherited from Romans package. Always paired with Mesih (İsa Mesih) throughout 1 John, never used bare, per the established pipeline convention.
Messiah
Approved rendering: Mesih
Transliteration: meh-SEEH
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Rejected alternatives: sadece bir peygamber (merely a prophet)
Inherited from Romans package. 1 John’s confessional test (‘believing that Jesus is the Christ,’ 5:1) restates this doctrine as the letter’s own minimal criterion of orthodoxy.
God
Approved rendering: Tanrı
Transliteration: tahn-RUH
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Allah (theologically usable but politically/socially contested for Christian texts in some contexts)
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Subject of 1 John’s two ontological predications, ‘God is light’ (1:5) and ‘God is love’ (4:8,16).
Father
Approved rendering: Baba
Transliteration: bah-BAH
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: Yaratıcı (Creator, as a substitute to avoid relational language)
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. In 1 John, the Father’s love bestows the status ‘children of God’ (3:1); denial of the Son is, in the letter’s own terms, denial of the Father also (2:22-23).
Lord
Approved rendering: Rab
Transliteration: RAHB
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: efendi (master, non-divine), üstat (teacher/master)
Inherited from Romans package. Background term underlying 1 John’s Christological confessions; not itself a frequent lexeme in 1 John but load-bearing for consistent doctrinal framing.
New Commandment
Approved rendering: Size yeni bir buyruk veriyorum: birbirinizi sevin
Transliteration: see-ZEH yeh-NEE beer booy-ROOK veh-ree-yoh-ROOM
Doctrine: The New Commandment and Foot Washing
Original: ἐντολὴν καινήν
Category: Ethics
Inherited from John package (John 13:34). Must be reused verbatim for the ‘new commandment’ clause of 1 John 2:7-8, forming the ‘new’ side of John’s ancient/ever-fresh commandment paradox.
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: Sonsuz yaşam
Transliteration: son-SOOZ yah-SHAHM
Doctrine: Divine Judgment and Moral Accountability
Rejected alternatives: a deeds-scale (mizan) reward framing
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Galatians package. In 1 John, presented as a present, knowable possession (5:11-13), not merely a future hope; underlies know_you_have_eternal_life and life_is_in_his_son.
Good Works
Approved rendering: iyi işler
Transliteration: ee-YEE eesh-LEHR
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace Through Faith
Rejected alternatives: salih amel (imports the Islamic deeds-weighed-at-judgment category)
Inherited from Ephesians package. Governs the fruit-not-ground discipline applied to 1 John’s ‘love in deed and truth’ (3:18) and ‘practices righteousness’ (2:29): evidential proof of new birth, never merit accumulation.
Not Of Works
Approved rendering: iyi işlerin sonucu değildir
Transliteration: ee-YEE eesh-leh-REEN soh-noo-JOO deh-eel-DEER
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace Through Faith
Rejected alternatives: salih amel değildir (imports the specific Islamic righteous-deeds category)
Inherited from Ephesians package. Paired with good_works to guard 1 John’s evidential ethical passages from an amel-mizan misreading.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: Diriliş
Transliteration: dee-ree-LEESH
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: göğe yükseliş (ascension, alone), ruhsal diriliş (spiritual-only revival)
Inherited from Romans package. Background doctrine for 1 John’s insistence on Christ’s real, historical death (blood of Jesus, 1:7) as the necessary counterpart to a real, bodily incarnation; both are as doctrinally load-bearing as each other against the Qur’an 4:157 denial.
Blasphemy Against The Spirit
Approved rendering: Ruh’a karşı söylenen küfür
Transliteration: ROOH-ah kahr-SHUH sur-leh-nehn kyoo-FYOOR
Doctrine: Blasphemy Against the Spirit
Inherited from Matthew package. Provides the required parallel-and-distinction reference for 1 John 5:16-17’s ‘sin unto death’: both describe a settled, deliberate rejection, not a specific act on a severity scale; teaching material must draw this connection explicitly.
God So Loved The World
Approved rendering: Çünkü Tanrı dünyayı o kadar sevdi ki, biricik Oğlu’nu verdi
Transliteration: chyoon-KYOO tahn-RUH dyoon-yah-YUH oh kah-DAHR sehv-DEE kee
Doctrine: God’s Love for the World
Inherited from John package (John 3:16). Source of the ‘biricik Oğlu’ (only begotten Son) rendering reused exactly at 1 John 4:9, and of the positive ‘dünya’ (world) sense reused at 4:9 and 4:14.
Born Of God
Approved rendering: Tanrı’dan doğmuşlardır
Transliteration: tahn-ruh-DAHN doh-moosh-lahr-DUHR
Doctrine: New Birth (Born of God)
Rejected alternatives: an aspirational or merely honorific rendering
Original: γεννάω (ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from John package (John 1:13). Structural term across 1 John (2:29; 3:9; 4:7; 5:1,4,18); the perfect tense’s completed, settled spiritual paternity must never be softened into an aspirational status.
God Is Love
Approved rendering: Tanrı sevgidir
Transliteration: tahn-RUH sev-gee-DEER
Doctrine: God is Light and God is Love
Rejected alternatives: a bare equivalence to el-Vedûd left unanchored to vv. 9-10
Original: ὁ θεὸς ἀγάπη ἐστίν
Category: God
NEW. Ontological predication (4:8,16). Genuine resonance with el-Vedûd (‘The Loving’) but must move immediately to the self-giving, cross-shaped, Son-sending content of 4:9-10, never left as a bare cultural equivalence. Mandatory theologian review.
God Is Light
Approved rendering: Tanrı ışıktır
Transliteration: tahn-RUH uh-shuhk-TUHR
Doctrine: God is Light and God is Love
Rejected alternatives: nur-adjacent phrasing invoking Nur Muhammad
Original: ὁ θεὸς φῶς ἐστιν
Category: God
NEW. Ontological predication (1:5). Must not conflate with Sufi/folk-Islamic Nur Muhammad (pre-existent light of Muhammad) tradition; this is a moral-ontological claim (purity, truthfulness, ‘no darkness at all’), not physical or mystical illumination. Mandatory theologian review.
Children Of God
Approved rendering: Tanrı’nın çocukları
Transliteration: tahn-RUH-nuhn cho-jook-lah-RUH
Doctrine: Children of God versus Children of the Devil
Rejected alternatives: a rendering implying literal biological divine offspring
Original: τέκνα θεοῦ
Category: Salvation
NEW. Direct family-relational status bestowed by the Father’s love (3:1). Taught alongside, never confused with, Evlatlığa alınma; never implies literal biological offspring, per the Father/adoption tawhid caution (Qur’an 112:3).
Only Begotten Son
Approved rendering: biricik Oğlu
Transliteration: bee-ree-JEEK oh-LOO
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: a servant/prophet euphemism
Original: μονογενής
Category: Christology
NEW (reuses the John 3:16 rendering exactly). Christ’s singular, unrepeatable Sonship (4:9); never a claim about biological origination. Direct tawhid collision (Qur’an 112:3) must be confronted, not muted.
Incarnation Confession
Approved rendering: İsa Mesih’in beden alarak geldiğini açıkça kabul etmek
Transliteration: ee-SAH meh-see-HEEN beh-DEN ah-lah-RAHK gel-dee-ee-NEE ah-chuk-CHAH kah-BOOL et-MEK
Doctrine: The Incarnation and Antichrist
Rejected alternatives: a claim limited to Christ’s spiritual presence or teaching authority only
Original: ὁμολογεῖ Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν ἐν σαρκὶ ἐληλυθότα
Category: Christology
NEW. The letter’s central positive confessional test (4:2). Direct link to Beden alma; the perfect participle’s force (a real, completed, abiding assumption of human flesh) must survive translation, guarding against tajassum-adjacent softening. Mandatory theologian review.
Antichrist
Approved rendering: Mesih Karşıtı
Transliteration: meh-SEEH kahr-shuh-TUH
Doctrine: The Incarnation and Antichrist
Rejected alternatives: Deccal (the fully-elaborated independent Islamic eschatological figure), bare transliteration ‘Antikrist’
Original: ἀντίχριστος
Category: Christology
NEW. Anyone who denies Jesus is the Christ and/or his real incarnation (2:18,22; 4:3) — narrowly defined by John himself, not a single end-times world ruler. NEVER Deccal, which carries an entire independent narrative apparatus. Mandatory theologian review every occurrence.
Spirit Of Antichrist
Approved rendering: Mesih Karşıtı’nın ruhu
Transliteration: meh-SEEH kahr-shuh-tuh-NUHN roo-HOO
Doctrine: The Incarnation and Antichrist
Rejected alternatives: Deccal’in ruhu
Original: τὸ τοῦ ἀντιχρίστου
Category: Christology
NEW. The animating spirit behind denial of the incarnation (4:3). Same Deccal-avoidance caution as antichrist.
Denying Father And Son
Approved rendering: Baba’yı ve Oğul’u inkâr etmek
Transliteration: bah-bah-YUH veh oh-oo-LOO een-KYAHR et-MEK
Doctrine: Denial of the Father and the Son
Original: ὁ ἀρνούμενος τὸν πατέρα καὶ τὸν υἱόν
Category: Christology
NEW. Denial of the Son’s unique identity is, per this text’s own terms, denial of the Father also (2:22-23). Direct confrontation with devout Islamic theology’s creator-Father affirmation alongside denial of Christ’s deity; requires careful, non-triumphalist pastoral framing without dilution. Mandatory theologian review.
Advocate
Approved rendering: Savunucumuz
Transliteration: sah-voo-noo-joo-MOOZ
Doctrine: Propitiation and the Advocate
Rejected alternatives: Yardımcı (reserved for the Holy Spirit), şefaat (Islamic Muhammad-intercession, forbidden)
Original: παράκλητος
Category: Christology
NEW. Christ himself as legal defense counsel before the Father (2:1), grounded in his own accomplished righteousness. Deliberately distinct lexeme from Yardımcı; never şefaat. Mandatory theologian review.
Propitiation
Approved rendering: bağışlatıcı kurban
Transliteration: bah-uhsh-lah-tuh-JUH koor-BAHN
Doctrine: Propitiation and the Advocate
Rejected alternatives: a bare, unqualified ‘kurban’ mirroring Kurban Bayramı’s worshipper-to-God direction
Original: ἱλασμός
Category: Salvation
NEW (2:2; 4:10, identical rendering both occurrences). Direction of the gift reversed from Kurban Bayramı: God himself initiates and provides the sacrifice. Universal scope (‘bütün dünyanın günahları için’) retained. Mandatory theologian review every occurrence.
Word Of Life
Approved rendering: Yaşam Sözü
Transliteration: yah-SHAHM sur-ZOO
Doctrine: Word of Life and Eyewitness Testimony
Rejected alternatives: a bare ‘Logos’ loanword breaking continuity with John 1:1’s established ‘Söz’
Original: ὁ λόγος τῆς ζωῆς
Category: Christology
NEW (1:1). Combines the established Johannine Logos title (‘Söz’) with ‘life’; anchors 1 John’s anti-docetic argument in John 1:1’s Logos theology. Mandatory theologian review.
Know You Have Eternal Life
Approved rendering: sonsuz yaşama sahip olduğunuzu bilmeniz için
Transliteration: son-SOOZ yah-shah-MAH sah-HEEP ohl-doo-oo-noo-ZOO beel-meh-NEEZ ee-CHEEN
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Eternal Life
Rejected alternatives: a softened rendering implying future/probabilistic hope
Original: ἵνα εἰδῆτε ὅτι ζωὴν ἔχετε αἰώνιον
Category: Salvation
NEW (5:13). The letter’s own stated purpose, parallel to John 20:31; present-tense, knowable assurance must be preserved. Mandatory theologian review.
Life Is In His Son
Approved rendering: yaşam O’nun Oğlu’ndadır
Transliteration: yah-SHAHM oh-NOON oh-loon-dah-DUHR
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Eternal Life
Rejected alternatives: a rendering diluting the exclusivity of ‘in the Son’
Original: ἡ ζωὴ ἐν τῷ υἱῷ αὐτοῦ ἐστιν
Category: Salvation
NEW (5:12). Exclusive scope must be preserved, echoing the John 14:6 exclusivity claim.
True God And Eternal Life
Approved rendering: O, gerçek Tanrı’dır ve sonsuz yaşamdır
Transliteration: oh, gher-CHEHK tahn-ruh-DUHR veh son-sooz yah-shahm-DUHR
Doctrine: Deity of Christ: This Is the True God
Rejected alternatives: a rendering that silently resolves the antecedent away from Jesus Christ
Original: οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ἀληθινὸς θεὸς καὶ ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Christology
NEW (5:20). One of the sharpest direct deity-of-Christ statements in the NT, structurally parallel to John 20:28. Render literally; flag the antecedent question transparently for teachers, never adjudicate in-text. Mandatory theologian review.
Sin Unto Death
Approved rendering: ölüme götüren günah
Transliteration: ur-lyoo-MEH gur-too-REHN goo-NAH
Doctrine: Sin unto Death
Rejected alternatives: a kebire/sağire (major/minor sin severity-scale) framing
Original: ἁμαρτία πρὸς θάνατον
Category: Sin
NEW (5:16-17). A settled, deliberate, final rejection of Christ, not a specific act on a severity scale. Must not induce scrupulous fear; parallel and distinct from blasphemy_against_the_spirit. Mandatory theologian review.
Born Of God Does Not Sin
Approved rendering: Tanrı’dan doğan günah işlemez
Transliteration: tahn-ruh-DAHN doh-AHN goo-NAH eesh-leh-MEHZ
Doctrine: New Birth (Born of God)
Rejected alternatives: a sinless-perfectionism reading
Original: πᾶς ὁ γεγεννημένος ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ οὐχ ἁμαρτάνει
Category: Sin
NEW (5:18, reuses born_of_god). Mandatory cross-reference to 1:8-10 to prevent a sinless-perfectionism misreading; describes decisive break with sin’s dominion, not individual sinlessness.
Blood Of Jesus
Approved rendering: İsa’nın kanı
Transliteration: ee-sah-NUHN kah-NUH
Doctrine: Confession and Forgiveness of Sin
Rejected alternatives: a rendering implying only apparent or non-lethal suffering
Original: τὸ αἷμα Ἰησοῦ
Category: Salvation
NEW (1:7). Requires a real, historical, bodily death, engaging the same territory as the Qur’an 4:157 denial of Christ’s death already Critical in the Romans baseline. Mandatory theologian review.
Given Of His Spirit
Approved rendering: Kutsal Ruh’undan bize verdi
Transliteration: koot-SAHL roo-hoon-DAHN bee-ZEH ver-DEE
Doctrine: Fellowship with God and One Another
Original: ἐκ τοῦ πνεύματος αὐτοῦ δέδωκεν ἡμῖν
Category: Holy Spirit
NEW (4:13, reuses Kutsal Ruh). The Spirit’s presence as the evidence of mutual abiding, not a separate mystical pursuit.
Confidence Parresia
Approved rendering: güven / cesaret
Transliteration: goo-VEHN / jeh-sah-RET
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Eternal Life
Rejected alternatives: a rendering that reads as mere psychological confidence detached from Christ’s finished work
Original: παρρησία
Category: Assurance
NEW (parrēsia, 3:21; 4:17; 5:14). Sharpest instantiation of the assurance_of_salvation doctrine; Islamic soteriology has no comparable present-tense confidence of final standing. Must always be paired with an explicit grounding clause (Christ’s finished work / clean conscience); never left free-floating. Mandatory theologian review.
Practices Righteousness
Approved rendering: doğruluğu uygulayan, O’ndan doğmuştur
Transliteration: doh-roo-loo-OO oo-yoo-lah-YAHN, ohn-DAHN doh-moosh-TOOR
Doctrine: New Birth (Born of God)
Original: πᾶς ὁ ποιῶν τὴν δικαιοσύνην ἐξ αὐτοῦ γεγέννηται
Category: Salvation
NEW (2:29, reuses Doğruluk and born_of_god). Righteous living as evidence, never cause, of new birth.
Test The Spirits
Approved rendering: ruhları sınayın
Transliteration: rooh-lah-RUH suh-nah-YUHN
Doctrine: Testing the Spirits
Rejected alternatives: folk-Islamic cin-discernment framing, Sufi firâset/keşif (experiential/intuitive discernment)
Original: δοκιμάζετε τὰ πνεύματα
Category: Doctrine
NEW (4:1). The letter’s explicit discernment discipline; strictly confessional/propositional, not experiential or intuitive. Mandatory theologian review.
Born Of God Overcomes World
Approved rendering: Tanrı’dan doğan her şey dünyayı yener
Transliteration: tahn-ruh-DAHN doh-AHN hehr SHEHY dyoon-yah-YUH yeh-NEHR
Doctrine: Overcoming the World
Rejected alternatives: a merely aspirational or potential-victory framing
Original: πᾶν τὸ γεγεννημένον ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ νικᾷ τὸν κόσμον
Category: Eschatology
NEW (5:4, reuses born_of_god). New birth as inherently, definitionally victorious, not merely aspirationally so.
Victory Overcomes World Is Faith
Approved rendering: dünyayı yenen zafer, imanımızdır
Transliteration: dyoon-yah-YUH yeh-NEHN zah-FEHR, ee-mah-nuh-muhz-DUHR
Doctrine: Overcoming the World
Rejected alternatives: generic ‘inanç’ in place of İman
Original: ἡ νίκη ἡ νικήσασα τὸν κόσμον, ἡ πίστις ἡμῶν
Category: Eschatology
NEW (5:4-5). İman, not generic inanç, is the specific instrument of victory, tied directly to the object of faith (Jesus as Son of God).
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: Müjde
Transliteration: MYUZH-deh
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: İncil (bare, unqualified), iyi haber (generic)
Inherited from Romans package. Retained for 1 John’s background use of gospel-adjacent proclamation vocabulary (e.g. eyewitness testimony, 1:1-4). Müjde keeps the living-proclamation sense distinct from the Qur’anic İncil association.
Faith
Approved rendering: İman
Transliteration: ee-MAHN
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: inanç (generic belief)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. In 1 John, İman is the specific instrument of victory over the world (5:4-5) and must always keep Jesus as the Son of God as its explicit object, never generic religious assent.
Holy
Approved rendering: Kutsal
Transliteration: koot-SAHL
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: temiz (ritually clean), mübarek (blessed)
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Used titularly of Christ as ‘the Holy One’ (ho hagios, 2:20).
Adoption
Approved rendering: Evlatlığa alınma
Transliteration: ev-laht-luh-AH ah-luhn-MAH
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: evlat edinme (bare, without doctrinal qualifier)
Inherited from Romans package. Must be taught alongside, never confused with, 1 John’s new term ‘children_of_god’ (Tanrı’nın çocukları, 3:1); both affirm genuine family status without implying literal divine offspring.
Flesh
Approved rendering: Benlik
Transliteration: ben-LEEK
Doctrine: Flesh versus Spirit
Rejected alternatives: beden (physical body, would imply body-negation)
Original: σάρξ
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Galatians package. Used at 1 John 2:16 (‘lust of the flesh’) in its ethical, self-reliant-fallen-nature sense; must be kept distinct from the neutral/positive incarnational use of sarx at 4:2 (see incarnation_confession).
Idolatry
Approved rendering: Putperestlik
Transliteration: poot-peh-rest-LEEK
Doctrine: Flesh versus Spirit
Original: εἴδωλα
Category: Sin
Inherited from Galatians package. Underlies 1 John 5:21’s closing exhortation (‘keep yourselves from idols’).
Sin
Approved rendering: Günah
Transliteration: goo-NAH
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: hata (mistake/error), kusur (flaw/defect)
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. 1 John 1:8-10’s blunt denial (‘if we say we have no sin, we are lying’) must retain full confrontational force against a fitrah-based (born-sinless) anthropology.
Abba
Approved rendering: Abba
Transliteration: AH-bah
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Inherited from Romans package. Not present in 1 John’s own text, but teaching material on 1 John 3:1’s Baba language should cross-reference this established Abba/Baba intimacy vocabulary rather than introduce a new transliteration.
Paraclete
Approved rendering: Yardımcı
Transliteration: yahr-duhm-JUH
Doctrine: The Paraclete/Holy Spirit
Inherited from John package. Reserved exclusively for the Holy Spirit (John 14-16). Must NEVER be used for 1 John 2:1’s paraklētos referring to Christ; that referent uses the new term ‘advocate’ (Savunucumuz) instead, to keep the two distinct.
Intercession
Approved rendering: Aracılık
Transliteration: ah-rah-juh-LUHK
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Rejected alternatives: şefaat (Islamic intercession, associated with Muhammad’s role on Judgment Day)
Inherited from Romans package. Reinforces the forbidden-substitution rule (never şefaat) governing 1 John’s new ‘advocate’ term for Christ’s mediating work in 2:1.
Known By God
Approved rendering: Tanrı tarafından tanınmak
Transliteration: tahn-RUH tah-rah-fun-DAHN tah-nuhn-MAHK
Doctrine: Adoption and Sonship
Rejected alternatives: marifetullah/irfan (Sufi gnosis attained through spiritual progression)
Inherited from Galatians package. Provides the cautionary pattern applied to 1 John 4:7-8’s ‘knows God’ (ginōskei ton theon): relational, covenantal knowledge, not Sufi gnosis attained through ascetic progression.
Obedience Of Faith
Approved rendering: İmanın getirdiği itaat
Transliteration: ee-mahn-UHN geh-teer-DEE-ee ee-tah-AHT
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Rejected alternatives: İslam’a (teslimiyet) benzer itaat (submission modeled on Islamic surrender)
Inherited from Romans package. Governs 1 John’s recurring ‘commandment’ (entolē) vocabulary: obedience is fruit of, never the means to, relationship with God, given itaat’s shared root with islam (‘submission’).
Longer Ending Textual Note
Approved rendering: (metin eleştirisi notu; ayrı bir çeviri gerektirmez)
Doctrine: Textual criticism
Inherited from Mark package. Establishes the standard format this book reuses for the Comma Johanneum note (1 John 5:7-8): transparent, non-adjudicating documentation, never silent resolution.
Love
Approved rendering: Sevgi / sevmek
Transliteration: sev-GEE / sev-MEK
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Rejected alternatives: aşk (romantic passion), muhabbet (Sufi devotional divine-human love, e.g. Rumi’s aşk-ı ilahi)
Original: ἀγάπη / ἀγαπάω
Category: Love
NEW. Deliberate, self-giving, willed love modeled on God’s own character (4:7-21). Must always be anchored to its cross-shaped definition (4:9-10), never left as generic warm feeling.
Eyewitness Triad
Approved rendering: işittik, gözlerimizle gördük, ellerimizle dokunduk
Transliteration: ee-sheet-TEEK, gurz-leh-ree-meez-LEH gur-DOOK, el-leh-ree-meez-LEH doh-koon-DOOK
Doctrine: Word of Life and Eyewitness Testimony
Rejected alternatives: a general summary such as ‘we witnessed him’
Original: ἀκηκόαμεν, ἑωράκαμεν, ἐψηλαφήσαμεν
Category: Christology
NEW (1:1). Escalating triad of eyewitness sensory verification, culminating in physical touch; anti-docetic rebuttal. Genuine positive resonance with Islamic hadith-science’s isnad (eyewitness transmission chain) emphasis, usable as a teaching bridge.
Manifested
Approved rendering: açıkça ortaya çıktı / gösterildi
Transliteration: ah-chuk-CHAH ohr-tah-YAH chuhk-TUH / gurs-teh-reel-DEE
Doctrine: Word of Life and Eyewitness Testimony
Rejected alternatives: a bare vahiy-adjacent ‘revelation’ framing, a purely inward mystical-experience framing
Original: φανερόω
Category: Christology
NEW (phaneroō, 1:2; 3:5,8; 4:9). Historical, concrete, once-for-all disclosure, not vague ongoing revelation nor inward mystical experience.
Savior Of The World
Approved rendering: dünyanın Kurtarıcısı
Transliteration: dyoon-yah-NUHN koor-tah-ruh-juh-SUH
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Eternal Life
Rejected alternatives: a rendering reducing salvation to hoped-for future cennet-entry
Original: σωτὴρ τοῦ κόσμου
Category: Salvation
NEW (4:14). Reuses the Kurtuluş root; universal scope retained without qualification.
Sin Is Lawlessness
Approved rendering: günah, yasa tanımazlıktır
Transliteration: goo-NAH, yah-SAH tah-nuh-mahz-luhk-TUHR
Doctrine: Sin Defined as Lawlessness
Rejected alternatives: a narrow ‘breaking the Mosaic law (Kutsal Yasa)’ framing, şeriat-adjacent vocabulary
Original: ἡ ἁμαρτία ἐστὶν ἡ ἀνομία
Category: Sin
NEW (3:4). Ἀνομία is a broader category of rebellion against God’s moral order as such, applicable to all people regardless of covenant status; never narrowed to Torah-violation specifically.
Confess Sins
Approved rendering: günahlarımızı açıkça kabul etmek
Transliteration: goo-nah-lah-ruh-muh-ZUH ah-chuk-CHAH kah-BOOL et-MEK
Doctrine: Confession and Forgiveness of Sin
Rejected alternatives: a mechanism implying an uncertain outcome weighed against deeds
Original: ὁμολογῶμεν τὰς ἁμαρτίας
Category: Sin
NEW (1:9). Genuine resonance with istighfar (honest acknowledgment before God), but forgiveness rests on Christ’s already-accomplished blood-atonement, not a fresh uncertain plea.
Cleanse From Unrighteousness
Approved rendering: her türlü kötülükten temizler
Transliteration: hehr tyoor-LOO kur-too-look-TEHN teh-meez-LEHR
Doctrine: Confession and Forgiveness of Sin
Rejected alternatives: arınma (ritual/ceremonial purification, abdest-adjacent)
Original: καθαρίσῃ ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ πάσης ἀδικίας
Category: Sin
NEW (1:9). Complete moral cleansing grounded in Christ’s blood, never ceremonial washing.
Faithful And Just
Approved rendering: güvenilir ve adil
Transliteration: goo-veh-nee-LEER veh ah-DEEL
Doctrine: Confession and Forgiveness of Sin
Original: πιστὸς καὶ δίκαιος
Category: God
NEW (1:9). Describes God’s own covenant faithfulness and character as the ground of forgiveness, not a human deeds-ledger tipped in the believer’s favor. Distinct from the forensic-standing use of δίκαιος elsewhere.
Liar
Approved rendering: yalancı
Transliteration: yah-lahn-JUH
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Rejected alternatives: a softened ‘mistaken’ or ‘self-deceived’
Original: ψεύστης
Category: Sin
NEW (1:10; 2:4,22; 4:20). John’s blunt category for professed faith unaccompanied by its necessary ethical fruit. Must retain full rhetorical bluntness; pastoral framing supplied separately, never inside the term.
Commandment
Approved rendering: buyruk
Transliteration: booy-ROOK
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Original: ἐντολή
Category: Ethics
NEW (recurring: 2:3-4,7-8; 3:22-24; 4:21; 5:2-3). Must be taught as flowing from, not establishing, relationship with God, given itaat’s shared root with islam (‘submission’).
New Old Commandment
Approved rendering: yeni bir buyruk… eski bir buyruk
Transliteration: yeh-NEE beer booy-ROOK… ehs-KEE beer booy-ROOK
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Original: ἐντολὴ καινή / ἐντολὴ παλαιά
Category: Ethics
NEW (2:7-8). John’s both/and paradox (ancient command, ever-fresh embodiment). Reuse the John 13:34 wording exactly for the ‘new commandment’ clause; teach the paradox explicitly, do not resolve as contradiction.
Keep Commandments
Approved rendering: buyruklarını tutmak
Transliteration: booy-rook-lah-ruh-NUH toot-MAHK
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Original: τὰς ἐντολὰς αὐτοῦ τηρῶμεν
Category: Ethics
NEW (2:3-5). Ongoing, willing obedience as evidential fruit of genuine knowledge of God, never the ground of it.
World Negative
Approved rendering: dünyayı sevmemek
Transliteration: dyoon-yah-YUH sev-meh-MEHK
Doctrine: Overcoming the World
Original: κόσμος (negative sense) / ἀγαπᾶν τὸν κόσμον
Category: Ethics
NEW (2:15-17, negative sense, hostile anti-God value-system). Same Turkish word ‘dünya’ as the positive sense; mandatory disambiguation note every occurrence, guarding against a total-withdrawal (Sufi zuhd-adjacent) misreading.
Lust Of The Flesh
Approved rendering: benliğin arzusu
Transliteration: ben-lee-EEN ahr-zoo-SOO
Doctrine: Overcoming the World
Rejected alternatives: bedenin arzusu (would suggest body-negation)
Original: ἡ ἐπιθυμία τῆς σαρκός
Category: Ethics
NEW (2:16). Reuse Benlik per the Galatians baseline caution against rendering sarx as beden.
Anointing
Approved rendering: meshetme / mesh
Transliteration: mes-het-MEH / MESH
Doctrine: The Anointing of the Spirit
Rejected alternatives: barakah (transferable folk-Islamic blessing)
Original: χρῖσμα
Category: Holy Spirit
NEW (2:20,27). Shares its root with Mesih (positive resonance: all believers share Christ’s anointed identity); must not imply an elite charismatic status or transferable barakah.
Holy One
Approved rendering: Kutsal Olan
Transliteration: koot-SAHL oh-LAHN
Doctrine: The Anointing of the Spirit
Original: ὁ ἅγιος
Category: Christology
NEW (2:20). Christological title (reuses Kutsal); parallel to Acts 3:14, Mark 1:24.
Abide
Approved rendering: kalmak / (Tanrı) bizde yaşar
Transliteration: kahl-MAHK / tahn-RUH beez-DEH yah-SHAHR
Doctrine: Fellowship with God and One Another
Rejected alternatives: a self-dissolution/absorption reading echoing vahdet-i vücud or fena
Original: μένω
Category: Church
NEW (menō, ~24 occurrences: 2:6,24,27-28; 3:6,9,24; 4:12-13,15-16). The letter’s single most frequent theologically loaded verb. Must be a real, ongoing, relational indwelling of a personal, distinct God within a believer who remains a distinct ‘ben,’ guarding against the Sufi mystical-absorption reading (cf. Hallâc-ı Mansûr’s ‘Ene’l-Hak’). Mandatory translator note at first occurrence per chapter.
Perfected Love
Approved rendering: tamamlanmış olur / yetkinleşir
Transliteration: tah-mahm-lahn-MUHSH oh-LOOR / yet-keen-leh-SHEER
Doctrine: God is Light and God is Love
Rejected alternatives: a human moral-perfectionism reading
Original: τετελειωμένη / τετελείωται (ἡ ἀγάπη)
Category: Love
NEW (teleioō, 4:12,17). Love reaching its designed relational goal within Christian community, never individually-achieved sinless perfection.
Confess Christ
Approved rendering: açıkça kabul etmek / iman ettiğini açıkça belirtmek
Transliteration: ah-chuk-CHAH kah-BOOL et-MEK / ee-mahn et-tee-EE-nee ah-chuk-CHAH beh-leert-MEK
Doctrine: The Incarnation and Antichrist
Original: ὁμολογήσῃ (ὅτι Ἰησοῦς ἐστιν ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ)
Category: Christology
NEW (homologeō, 4:2-3,15). Same verb family as confessing sin (1:9); keep a single consistent Turkish verb family across both senses so the letter’s structural unity survives translation.
Known And Believed
Approved rendering: tanıdık ve iman ettik
Transliteration: tah-nuh-DUHK veh ee-MAHN et-TEEK
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Eternal Life
Original: ἐγνώκαμεν καὶ πεπιστεύκαμεν
Category: Salvation
NEW (4:16). Settled, completed reality (perfect tense), not tentative or probationary.
Fear
Approved rendering: korku
Transliteration: kohr-KOO
Doctrine: Perfect Love Casts Out Fear
Original: φόβος
Category: Ethics
NEW (phobos, 4:18). Anxious dread of divine punishment/rejection, displaced by mature love; distinguish from positive ‘Tanrı korkusu’ (reverent fear).
Perfect Love
Approved rendering: yetkin/tam sevgi
Transliteration: yet-KEEN / tahm sev-GEE
Doctrine: Perfect Love Casts Out Fear
Original: ἡ τελεία ἀγάπη
Category: Love
NEW (hē teleia agapē, 4:18). Maturity/completeness, not individually-achieved sinless perfection.
He First Loved Us
Approved rendering: O bizi önce sevdi
Transliteration: oh bee-ZEE urn-JEH sev-DEE
Doctrine: God is Light and God is Love
Rejected alternatives: a rendering flattened to simple reciprocity
Original: αὐτὸς πρῶτος ἠγάπησεν ἡμᾶς
Category: Love
NEW (4:19). Temporal AND causal priority; theological hinge of the core passage; must not be flattened to ‘we love him and he loves us.‘
Like Him When He Appears
Approved rendering: O’na benzeyeceğiz
Transliteration: oh-NAH ben-zeh-yeh-jeh-EEZ
Doctrine: New Birth (Born of God)
Rejected alternatives: a rendering implying ontological identity/divinization
Original: ὅμοιοι αὐτῷ ἐσόμεθα
Category: Salvation
NEW (3:2). Moral/relational likeness only, never ontological identity with deity.
Passed From Death To Life
Approved rendering: ölümden yaşama geçtik
Transliteration: ur-lyoom-DEHN yah-shah-MAH gech-TEEK
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Eternal Life
Rejected alternatives: a future/probabilistic-hope softening
Original: μεταβεβήκαμεν ἐκ τοῦ θανάτου εἰς τὴν ζωήν
Category: Salvation
NEW (3:14, perfect tense). Completed, present-standing transition, evidenced by love for the brothers.
Lay Down Life
Approved rendering: canını verdi / canımızı vermek
Transliteration: jah-nuh-NUH ver-DEE / jah-nuh-muh-ZUH ver-MEHK
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Original: τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ ἔθηκεν / τὰς ψυχὰς τιθέναι
Category: Discipleship
NEW (3:16, reuses the son_of_man_ransom pattern from Matthew 20:28/Mark 10:45). Christ’s self-giving as the ethical pattern for believers’ costly, sacrificial love.
Love In Deed And Truth
Approved rendering: davranışla ve gerçekle sevmek
Transliteration: dahv-rah-nuhsh-LAH veh gher-chek-LEH sev-MEHK
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Rejected alternatives: a rendering implying merit accumulation (amel-mizan)
Original: ἀγαπῶμεν… ἐν ἔργῳ καὶ ἀληθεί�ᾳ
Category: Love
NEW (3:18). Evidential proof of already-genuine love and life (3:14), never merit accumulation.
Spirit Of Truth Error
Approved rendering: gerçeğin Ruhu / sapkınlığın ruhu
Transliteration: gher-cheh-EEN roo-HOO / sahp-kuhn-luh-uhn roo-HOO
Doctrine: Testing the Spirits
Original: πνεῦμα τῆς ἀληθείας / πνεῦμα τῆς πλάνης
Category: Holy Spirit
NEW (4:6). Doctrinal, not merely moral or experiential, contrast; false spirits can be religiously earnest while still false.
Overcome Them
Approved rendering: onları yendiniz
Transliteration: ohn-lah-RUH yen-dee-NEEZ
Doctrine: Overcoming the World
Rejected alternatives: a fatalistic or merely-hoped-for framing
Original: νενικήκατε αὐτούς
Category: Eschatology
NEW (4:4, perfect tense). Victory over false teachers already accomplished, grounded in the Spirit’s objective superiority.
Greater In You
Approved rendering: içinizde olan, dünyada olandan daha büyüktür
Transliteration: ee-chee-neez-DEH oh-LAHN, dyoon-yah-dah oh-lahn-DAHN dah-HAH byoo-yook-TYOOR
Doctrine: Overcoming the World
Rejected alternatives: an impersonal-force framing
Original: μείζων ἐστὶν ὁ ἐν ὑμῖν ἢ ὁ ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ
Category: Eschatology
NEW (4:4). Direct, personal comparative claim (the Spirit), not subjective felt strength.
Water And Blood
Approved rendering: su ve kan
Transliteration: soo veh KAHN
Doctrine: The Comma Johanneum Textual Note
Rejected alternatives: an interpretation resolved and adjudicated within the translated text
Original: τὸ ὕδωρ καὶ τὸ αἷμα
Category: Doctrine
NEW (5:6,8), interpretively contested (baptism-and-death, or cross-side flow per John 19:34). Render literally; record both readings per the israel_of_god convention, do not resolve in-text.
Spirit Is Truth
Approved rendering: Ruh gerçektir
Transliteration: rooh gher-chek-TEER
Doctrine: The Comma Johanneum Textual Note
Original: τὸ πνεῦμά ἐστιν ἡ ἀλήθεια
Category: Holy Spirit
NEW (5:6, reuses Kutsal Ruh). Testimony-source framing; reinforces the confessional (not experiential) test criterion from 4:1-6.
Comma Johanneum Textual Note
Approved rendering: (metin eleştirisi notu; ayrı bir çeviri gerektirmez)
Doctrine: The Comma Johanneum Textual Note
Rejected alternatives: a silent inclusion or silent removal of the Textus Receptus 5:7 formula without documentation
Original: (1 John 5:7-8, Textus Receptus expansion vs. earliest Greek manuscripts)
Category: Textual criticism
NEW (5:7-8). Textus Receptus’s expanded ‘Father, Word, Holy Spirit’ formula absent from earliest Greek manuscripts; historically familiar to some Turkish Protestant devotional lineages. Follow the earlier three-witness reading (Spirit, water, blood) with a transparent note; Trinity doctrine rests securely on Matthew 28:19, John 1:1, John 20:28. Mandatory theologian review and transparent documentation, non-negotiable.
World Lies In Evil One
Approved rendering: bütün dünya kötü olanın elindedir
Transliteration: byoo-TYOON dyoon-YAH kur-TYOO oh-lah-NUHN eh-leen-deh-DEER
Doctrine: Overcoming the World
Original: ὁ κόσμος ὅλος ἐν τῷ πονηρῷ κεῖται
Category: Eschatology
NEW (5:19, negative kosmos sense). Consistent with the negative sense established at 2:15-17.
Keep From Idols
Approved rendering: putlardan kendinizi koruyun
Transliteration: poot-lahr-DAHN ken-dee-nee-ZEE koh-roo-YOON
Doctrine: Keeping Oneself from Idols
Rejected alternatives: a generic anti-polytheism reading detached from the letter’s own docetic-Christ context
Original: φυλάξατε ἑαυτὰ ἀπὸ τῶν εἰδώλων
Category: Ethics
NEW (5:21, reuses Putperestlik). Genuine resonance with Islamic tawhid/anti-shirk teaching, but functions specifically as a call to the true God/true Christ against the false teachers’ distorted ‘Jesus,’ not generic anti-idolatry.
Medium Risk Terms
Israel Of God
Approved rendering: Tanrı’nın İsraili
Transliteration: tahn-RUH-nuhn ees-rah-ee-LEE
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Inherited from Galatians package. Establishes the convention this book reuses for 5:6,8’s ‘water and blood’ and 5:20’s ‘true God’ antecedent: render literally, record interpretive alternatives, do not resolve in the translated text itself.
Make God A Liar
Approved rendering: O’nu yalancı durumuna düşürürüz
Transliteration: oh-NOO yah-lahn-JUH doo-roo-moo-NAH doo-shoo-ryoo-RYOOZ
Doctrine: Confession and Forgiveness of Sin
Original: ψεύστην αὐτὸν ποιοῦμεν
Category: Sin
NEW (1:10). Strong rhetorical escalation; keep confrontational force, do not soften into mere self-deception.
Darkness
Approved rendering: karanlık
Transliteration: kah-rahn-LUHK
Doctrine: Walking in Light versus Darkness
Original: σκοτία / σκότος
Category: Ethics
NEW (1:6). Moral/spiritual darkness, not mere absence of physical light; keep paired consistently with ışık.
Walk In Light Darkness
Approved rendering: ışıkta yürümek / karanlıkta yürümek
Transliteration: uh-shuhk-TAH yoo-ryoo-MEHK / kah-rahn-luhk-TAH yoo-ryoo-MEHK
Doctrine: Walking in Light versus Darkness
Original: περιπατῶμεν ἐν τῷ φωτί / ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ
Category: Ethics
NEW (1:6-7). Whole manner of life/conduct, not a single act.
World Positive
Approved rendering: dünya
Transliteration: dyoon-YAH
Doctrine: Overcoming the World
Original: κόσμος (positive sense)
Category: Salvation
NEW (4:9, positive sense, object of God’s saving mission). The identical Turkish word carries an opposite negative sense elsewhere (2:15-17; 4:4-5); mandatory disambiguation note at every occurrence.
Lust Of The Eyes
Approved rendering: gözün arzusu
Transliteration: gur-ZYOON ahr-zoo-SOO
Doctrine: Overcoming the World
Original: ἡ ἐπιθυμία τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν
Category: Ethics
NEW (2:16). Standard term, part of the worldly-desire triad.
Pride Of Life
Approved rendering: yaşamın gösterişi
Transliteration: yah-shah-MUHN gurs-teh-ree-SHEE
Doctrine: Overcoming the World
Original: ἡ ἀλαζονεία τοῦ βίου
Category: Ethics
NEW (2:16). βίος (material livelihood) distinct from ζωή (eternal life); flag distinction for teachers.
Last Hour
Approved rendering: son saat
Transliteration: sohn sah-AHT
Doctrine: The Incarnation and Antichrist
Original: ἐσχάτη ὥρα
Category: Eschatology
NEW (2:18). Standard NT inaugurated-eschatology marker.
Day Of Judgment
Approved rendering: yargı günü
Transliteration: yahr-GUH goo-NOO
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Eternal Life
Original: ἡ ἡμέρα τῆς κρίσεως
Category: Eschatology
NEW (4:17). Genuine resonance with Kıyamet Günü/Yevm-i Din; difference lies in certainty of the believer’s outcome, not existence of the concept.
Casts Out Fear
Approved rendering: korkuyu kovar / dışarı atar
Transliteration: kohr-koo-YOO koh-VAHR / duh-shah-RUH ah-TAHR
Doctrine: Perfect Love Casts Out Fear
Rejected alternatives: a weaker ‘eases’ or ‘reduces’
Original: ἔξω βάλλει τὸν φόβον
Category: Love
NEW (4:18). Vivid, decisive expulsion, not gradual diminishment.
Brother
Approved rendering: kardeş
Transliteration: kahr-DESH
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Original: ἀδελφός
Category: Church
NEW (4:20-21; 2:9-11; 3:10-17). Fellow believer within the new-birth family; distinguish from ümmet/nationalist-brotherhood connotations of Turkish ‘kardeşlik.‘
Purifies Himself
Approved rendering: kendini paklar / arındırır
Transliteration: ken-dee-NEE pahk-LAHR / ah-ruhn-duh-RUHR
Doctrine: Confession and Forgiveness of Sin
Rejected alternatives: a ritual-purification/abdest-adjacent framing
Original: ἁγνίζει ἑαυτόν
Category: Ethics
NEW (3:3, hagnizei heauton). Distinct from katharizō (God’s cleansing via blood, 1:9); the believer’s own responsive moral self-discipline motivated by hope.
The Devil
Approved rendering: İblis / Şeytan
Transliteration: eeb-LEES / shey-TAHN
Doctrine: Children of God versus Children of the Devil
Original: ὁ διάβολος
Category: Doctrine
NEW (3:8,10). Genuine resonance with Islamic Şeytan/İblis doctrine; the specific ‘children of God vs. children of the devil’ moral-paternity framework is this text’s own distinctive claim, to be taught explicitly.
Ask And Receive According To Will
Approved rendering: O’nun isteğine göre dilediğimizi almak
Transliteration: oh-NOON ees-teh-ee-NEH gur-REH dee-leh-dee-ee-mee-ZEE ahl-MAHK
Doctrine: Confidence in Prayer According to God’s Will
Rejected alternatives: an unconditional prosperity/name-it-claim-it framing
Original: ὃ ἐὰν αἰτῶμεν λαμβάνομεν… κατὰ τὸ θέλημα αὐτοῦ
Category: Prayer
NEW (3:21-22; echoed 5:14-15). The ‘according to his will’ qualifier must always accompany this promise in teaching material.
Testimony Of God Concerning Son
Approved rendering: Tanrı’nın Oğlu hakkındaki tanıklığı
Transliteration: tahn-ruh-NUHN oh-LOO hahk-kuhn-dah-KEE tah-nuhk-luh-UH
Doctrine: Deity of Christ: This Is the True God
Original: ἡ μαρτυρία τοῦ θεοῦ… περὶ τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ
Category: Christology
NEW (5:9-10). Sets up the ‘making God a liar’ rhetorical pattern for those who reject this testimony.
Low Risk Terms
Fellowship
Approved rendering: Paydaşlık
Transliteration: pie-dahsh-LUHK
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: kardeşlik (brotherhood, too generic/political)
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Baseline risk is Low, but 1 John elevates its applied doctrinal weight: vertical fellowship with the Father/Son and horizontal fellowship with believers are presented as one inseparable reality (1:3), never split apart in teaching.
Pastoral Address
Approved rendering: çocuklarım/yavrularım… babalar… gençler
Transliteration: choh-jook-lah-RUHM/yahv-roo-lah-ruh-MUH… bah-bah-LAHR… gench-LEHR
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Original: παιδία / τεκνία / πατέρες / νεανίσκοι
Category: Discipleship
NEW (teknia, paidia, pateres, neaniskoi; recurring throughout). Warm, familial pastoral address; maturity-stage ambiguity (literal age vs. spiritual maturity) left unresolved in translation.
Cain
Approved rendering: Kayin
Transliteration: kah-YEEN
Doctrine: Children of God versus Children of the Devil
Original: Κάϊν
Category: Doctrine
NEW (3:12, proper name). Established Turkish Bible form; note resonance (without conflation) with the later Islamic exegetical naming Kabil/Habil.
Referenced passages