Core Glossary
Core Glossary — Ephesians (Turkish)
| # | English term | Greek | First occurrence(s) | Turkish rendering | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | saved | σεσῳσμένοι | 2:5, 8 | kurtuldunuz | TM | Reuses established Kurtuluş family. |
| 2 | grace | χάρις | 2:8 | lütuf | TM | — |
| 3 | faith | πίστις | 2:8 | iman | TM | — |
| 4 | not by works | οὐκ ἐξ ἔργων | 2:9 | iyi işlerin sonucu değildir | NEW | Ground of salvation denied; distinct from 2:10’s positive good works. |
| 5 | good works | ἔργα ἀγαθά | 2:10 | iyi işler | NEW | Fruit, not ground, of salvation; guard against amel/salih amel framework. |
| 6 | predestined / chosen | προορίζω / ἐκλέγομαι | 1:4-5, 11 | önceden belirledi / seçildik | NEW | NEVER kader (forbidden Islamic fatalism concept). |
| 7 | sealed | σφραγίζω | 1:13 | mühürlendik | NEW | Ottoman bureaucratic/legal seal concept gives concrete resonance. |
| 8 | down payment / guarantee | ἀρραβών | 1:14 | kapora | NEW | Everyday Turkish commercial-transaction term. |
| 9 | head (of the church / of the wife) | κεφαλή | 1:22; 5:23 | baş | NEW | Ties chapters 1, 4, and 5 together; 5:23 carries additional sensitivity. |
| 10 | children of wrath by nature | τέκνα φύσει ὀργῆς | 2:3 | doğuştan gazap çocukları | NEW | Universal, inherited condition. |
| 11 | dividing wall of hostility | τὸ μεσότοιχον τοῦ φραγμοῦ | 2:14 | ayıran engel duvarı | NEW | Historical Temple soreg; no forced contemporary-Turkey parallel. |
| 12 | one new humanity | ἓν καινὸν ἄνθρωπον | 2:15 | yeni bir insan | NEW | Genuinely new unified identity. |
| 13 | mystery | μυστήριον | 3:3-9 | sır | NEW | Qualify against both everyday “secret” and Sufi esoteric-knowledge associations. |
| 14 | fellow heirs / body-members / partakers | συγκληρονόμος / σύσσωμος / συμμέτοχος | 3:6 | ortak mirasçılar, aynı bedenin üyeleri, vaadin ortakları | NEW | — |
| 15 | sevenfold unity | ἓν σῶμα… | 4:4-6 | tek beden, tek Ruh… | NEW | All seven “one”s retained unqualified, matching Galatians 3:28’s discipline. |
| 16 | old self / new self | παλαιὸς ἄνθρωπος / καινὸς ἄνθρωπος | 4:22-24 | eski benlik / yeni benlik | NEW | Reuses established Benlik (flesh) vocabulary from Galatians. |
| 17 | be filled with the Spirit | πληροῦσθε ἐν πνεύματι | 5:18 | Ruh’la dolun | NEW | Ongoing, repeated filling; keep drunkenness contrast explicit. |
| 18 | submit / be subject | ὑποτάσσεσθε | 5:21-24 | birbirinize bağımlı olun / eşinize bağımlı olun | NEW | Critical Turkish-specific sensitivity: mutual submission (5:21) must frame 5:22-24. |
| 19 | slaves / masters | δοῦλοι / κύριοι | 6:5-9 | köleler / efendiler | NEW | Historical-distancing framing required. |
| 20 | armor of God | πανοπλία τοῦ θεοῦ | 6:11, 13 | Tanrı’nın bütün silahları / zırhı | NEW | Concrete Roman-legionary imagery, piece by piece. |
Coverage confirmation
20 glossary entries span all six chapters: chapter 1 (rows 6-9), chapter 2 (rows 1-5, 10-12), chapter 3 (rows 13-14), chapter 4 (rows 15-16), chapter 5 (rows 9, 17-18), and chapter 6 (rows 19-20). Terms already established in the Romans/Galatians baselines (rows 1-3, 16) are reused verbatim.
Critical Risk Terms
Salvation
Approved rendering: Kurtuluş
Transliteration: koor-too-LOOSH
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace Through Faith
Inherited from Romans/Galatians, unchanged. Ephesians 2:5, 8 (kurtuldunuz); 6:17 (kurtuluş miğferi, helmet of salvation).
Predestined Chosen
Approved rendering: önceden belirledi / seçildik
Transliteration: URN-jeh-dehn beh-leer-leh-DEE / seh-cheel-DEEK
Doctrine: Election and Predestination
Rejected alternatives: kader (forbidden Islamic comprehensive divine-decree concept), kısmet (fatalistic, non-doctrinal)
Original: προορίζω / ἐκλέγομαι
Category: Election
NEW. Ephesians 1:4-5, 11. Highest-stakes new term in this package. Kader names a distinct, comprehensive Islamic theological system (fate, marriage, death, provision) that must never substitute for this narrower election-to-salvation claim.
Not Of Works
Approved rendering: iyi işlerin sonucu değildir
Transliteration: ee-YEE eesh-leh-REEN soh-noo-JOO deh-eel-DEER
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace Through Faith
Rejected alternatives: salih amel değildir (imports the specific Islamic righteous-deeds category)
Original: οὐκ ἐξ ἔργων
Category: Salvation
NEW. Ephesians 2:9. Must be taught alongside good_works (2:10) as one unified ground/fruit statement, never in tension with it.
Good Works
Approved rendering: iyi işler
Transliteration: ee-YEE eesh-LEHR
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace Through Faith
Rejected alternatives: salih amel (imports the Islamic deeds-weighed-at-judgment category)
Original: ἔργα ἀγαθά
Category: Salvation
NEW. Ephesians 2:10. Fruit, not ground, of salvation. The amel-mizan framework is the single most natural competing frame a Turkish reader brings to this verse pair.
Dividing Wall
Approved rendering: ayıran engel duvarı
Transliteration: ah-yuh-RAHN ehn-GEHL doo-vah-RUH
Doctrine: Unity of Jew and Gentile / One New Humanity
Original: τὸ μεσότοιχον τοῦ φραγμοῦ
Category: Church
NEW. Ephesians 2:14. Real first-century Temple soreg reference; no forced contemporary-Turkey parallel drawn.
Sevenfold Unity
Approved rendering: tek beden, tek Ruh, tek Rab, tek iman, tek vaftiz, herkesin Tanrısı ve Babası tek Tanrı
Transliteration: tehk beh-DEHN, tehk ROOH, tehk RAHB, tehk ee-MAHN, tehk vahf-TEEZ
Doctrine: Unity of the Spirit
Original: ἓν σῶμα, ἓν πνεῦμα… εἷς κύριος, μία πίστις, ἓν βάπτισμα, εἷς θεὸς
Category: Church
NEW. Ephesians 4:4-6. All seven ‘one’s retained unqualified, matching the Galatians 3:28 enumeration discipline.
Submission
Approved rendering: birbirinize bağımlı olun / eşinize bağımlı olun
Transliteration: beer-bee-ree-nee-ZEH bah-uhm-LUH oh-LOON / eh-shee-nee-ZEH bah-uhm-LUH oh-LOON
Doctrine: Household Code: Marriage as Christ and the Church
Rejected alternatives: itaat edin (stronger obedience sense, loses the mutuality frame)
Original: ὑποτάσσεσθε
Category: Household Code
NEW. Ephesians 5:21-24. Verse 21’s mutuality must frame 5:22-24. Intersects with Turkey’s 1926 Medeni Kanun and contemporary religious/secular family-law debate. Never license for coercive authority. Mandatory theologian AND native-speaker review.
Armor Of God
Approved rendering: Tanrı’nın bütün silahları / zırhı
Transliteration: tahn-RUH-nuhn byoo-TYOON see-lah-lah-RUH / zuhr-HUH
Doctrine: The Armor of God
Original: πανοπλία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW. Ephesians 6:10-20. Keep each piece concrete (Roman legionary imagery). ‘Principalities and powers’ (6:12) render as real Second-Temple apocalyptic cosmology; may note, without conflation, natural resonance with Islamic cin/şeytan vocabulary.
High Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: Lütuf
Transliteration: lyoo-TOOF
Doctrine: Grace
Inherited from Romans/Galatians, unchanged. Ephesians 1:2, 6-7; 2:5, 7-8; 4:7.
Faith
Approved rendering: İman
Transliteration: ee-MAHN
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace Through Faith
Inherited from Romans/Galatians, unchanged. Ephesians 1:15; 2:8; 3:12, 17; 4:5, 13; 6:16.
Sealed With The Spirit
Approved rendering: mühürlendik
Transliteration: myoo-hyoor-lehn-DEEK
Doctrine: Sealing of the Holy Spirit
Original: σφραγίζω
Category: Holy Spirit
NEW. Ephesians 1:13. Ottoman bureaucratic/legal seal (mühür) tradition gives concrete resonance.
Head
Approved rendering: baş
Transliteration: BAHSH
Doctrine: Christ’s Supremacy and Headship
Original: κεφαλή
Category: Church
NEW. Ephesians 1:22; 4:15; 5:23. Ties cosmic/ecclesial headship (ch. 1, 4) to the household-code use (ch. 5); the 5:23 occurrence carries the additional review requirement documented under submission.
Children Of Wrath
Approved rendering: doğuştan gazap çocukları
Transliteration: doh-oosh-TAHN gah-ZAHP choh-jook-lah-RUH
Doctrine: Unity of Jew and Gentile / One New Humanity
Original: τέκνα φύσει ὀργῆς
Category: Salvation
NEW. Ephesians 2:3. Universal, inherited condition, consistent with the Romans baseline’s universal_human_accountability doctrine.
One New Humanity
Approved rendering: yeni bir insan
Transliteration: YEH-nee beer een-SAHN
Doctrine: Unity of Jew and Gentile / One New Humanity
Original: ἓν καινὸν ἄνθρωπον
Category: Church
NEW. Ephesians 2:15. Genuinely new, unified identity, not absorption of one group into the other.
Mystery Of Christ
Approved rendering: sır
Transliteration: SUHR
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Church
NEW. Ephesians 3:3-9. Qualify on first occurrence against both the everyday ‘secret’ sense and Sufi/Alevi esoteric-knowledge associations (sırr).
Old Self New Self
Approved rendering: eski benlik / yeni benlik
Transliteration: ehs-KEE behn-LEEK / YEH-nee behn-LEEK
Doctrine: Putting Off the Old Self, Putting On the New
Original: παλαιὸς ἄνθρωπος / καινὸς ἄνθρωπος
Category: Sanctification
NEW. Ephesians 4:22-24. Extends established Benlik (flesh, ethical-nature sense) from Galatians into a full identity contrast.
Slaves And Masters
Approved rendering: köleler / efendiler
Transliteration: kur-leh-LEHR / eh-fehn-dee-LEHR
Doctrine: Household Code: Slaves and Masters
Original: δοῦλοι / κύριοι
Category: Household Code
NEW. Ephesians 6:5-9. Explicit historical-distancing framing required; Ottoman Empire’s own historical institution of slavery is relevant background, not a basis for direct equivalence.
Medium Risk Terms
Down Payment
Approved rendering: kapora
Transliteration: kah-poh-RAH
Doctrine: Sealing of the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: güvence (adequate but more abstract)
Original: ἀρραβών
Category: Holy Spirit
NEW. Ephesians 1:14. Everyday Turkish commercial-transaction term for an earnest-money deposit.
Filled With The Spirit
Approved rendering: Ruh’la dolun
Transliteration: ROOH-lah doh-LOON
Doctrine: Filled with the Spirit
Original: πληροῦσθε ἐν πνεύματι
Category: Holy Spirit
NEW. Ephesians 5:18. Ongoing, repeated filling (present passive imperative); keep the drunkenness contrast explicit.
Referenced passages