Core Glossary
Core Glossary — 2 Timothy | English → Azerbaijani
This glossary extends the baseline Romans translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json for the 2 Timothy curriculum. Terms already recorded in the Romans baseline are marked [REUSED] and their exact recorded Azerbaijani rendering is repeated here for reference only — it must never be altered. New terms specific to 2 Timothy’s doctrinal emphases are marked [NEW] and are candidates for addition to translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json in Phase 2.
Section 1: Terms Reused Exactly from the Romans Baseline
| Term (English) | Azerbaijani Rendering | Risk | Chapters | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gospel | Müjdə | High | 1, 4 | ”work of an evangelist” (4:5) builds on this root |
| Grace | Lütf | High | 1, 2, 4 | Closing formula 4:22; contrasted with “works” at various points |
| Faith | İman | High | 1, 2, 3, 4 | ”kept the faith” (4:7); “faithful men” (2:2) |
| Righteousness | Salehlik | Critical | 2, 3, 4 | ”crown of righteousness” (4:8) requires the grace-not-merit clarification |
| Salvation | Xilas | Critical | 1, 3 | ”Savior” (Xilaskar) built on this root; historical-rescue sense (4:17) kept separate |
| Called / Calling | Çağırılmış / Çağırış | High | 1 | ”holy calling” (1:9) |
| Holy | Müqəddəs | High | 1, 3 | ”holy calling” (1:9); vice-list contrast (3:2-5) |
| Resurrection | Diriliş | Critical | 2 | ”risen from the dead” (2:8); directly contradicted by Hymenaeus/Philetus error (2:17-18) |
| Lord | Rəbb | Critical | 1, 4 | ”the Lord… righteous Judge” (4:8); closing (4:22) |
| Messiah/Christ | Məsih | Critical | 1, 2, 4 | Always paired with İsa per baseline rule |
| Jesus | İsa | Critical | throughout | Always paired with Məsih in doctrinal contexts |
| God | Allah | Critical | throughout | |
| Holy Spirit | Müqəddəs Ruh | Critical | 1 | ”by the Holy Spirit who dwells in us” (1:14) |
| Father | Ata | Critical | 1 | ”God the Father and Christ Jesus our Lord” (1:2) |
| Peace | Sülh | Medium | 1, 2 | Greeting (1:2); pursuit list (2:22) |
| Exhort | Nəsihət vermək | Low | 4 | Context-sensitive alongside “reprove/rebuke” (4:2) |
| Seed of David | Davudun nəslindən | Medium | 2 | ”of the seed of David” (2:8) |
| Kingdom of God | Allahın Padşahlığı | Medium | 4 | Adapted as “his kingdom” (4:1) and “his heavenly kingdom” (4:18) |
| Power of God | Allahın qüdrəti | High | 1, 3 | ”spirit of power” (1:7); “denying its power” (3:5) |
| Sin | Günah | High | 3 | ”laden with sins” (3:6) |
| Glory | Ehtişam | High | 4 | Closing doxology (4:18); avoid nur per baseline |
| Thanksgiving | Şükran | Low | 1 | ”I thank God” (1:3) |
| Spiritual Gifts | Ruhani hədiyyələr | Medium | 1 | Root reused for the singular charisma (1:6) |
| Mission | Müjdə yayma xidməti | Medium | 4 | Root reused for “ministry” (diakonia) and “evangelist” (euangelistēs) |
| Evangelism (doctrine) | Müjdəni yayma | High | 4 | ”do the work of an evangelist” (4:5) |
Section 2: New Terms — Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
| Term (English) | Original | Transliteration | Azerbaijani Rendering | Risk | Chapter(s) | Rejected Alternatives | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God-breathed / Inspired | θεόπνευστος | theopneustos | Allah tərəfindən ilhamlanmış | Critical | 3 (core: 3:16) | “vəhy” (Islamic technical revelation term, imports single-recipient dictation model) | Anchor term of the whole curriculum; must be taught alongside explicit rebuttal of tahrif corruption doctrine |
| Scripture / Sacred Writings | γραφή / ἱερὰ γράμματα | graphē / hiera grammata | Müqəddəs Yazı(lar) | High | 3 (core: 3:15-16), 4 (4:13 “books”) | bare “Kitab” without qualification | ”All Scripture” (πᾶσα γραφή) must retain totality via “bütün” |
| Teaching / Doctrine | διδασκαλία / διδαχή | didaskalia / didachē | təlim | High | 3, 4 (core: 3:16; 4:2-3) | “məsləhət” (mere advice) | Must consistently pair with “sağlam” (sound) at 1:13 and 4:3 |
| Sound Doctrine / Sound Words | ὑγιαινούσης διδασκαλίας / ὑγιαινόντων λόγων | hygiainousēs didaskalias / hygiainontōn logōn | sağlam təlim / sağlam sözlər | High | 1 (1:13), 4 (core: 4:3) | — | Signature phrase of the book; consistency across occurrences required |
| The Word (of God) | ὁ λόγος (τοῦ θεοῦ) | ho logos (tou theou) | Söz (Allahın Sözü) | High | 2 (2:9), 4 (core: 4:2) | “Kəlam” (Qur’anic uncreated-Speech term) | Must never use Kəlam; keep plain “Söz” |
| Man of God | ὁ τοῦ θεοῦ ἄνθρωπος | ho tou theou anthrōpos | Allah adamı | Medium | 3 (core: 3:17) | — | Distinguish from “peyğəmbər” (prophet) category |
| Profitable | ὠφέλιμος | ōphelimos | faydalı | Low | 3 (core: 3:16) | — | |
| Reproof | ἐλεγμός | elegmos | məzəmmət | Low-Medium | 3 (core: 3:16) | — | |
| Correction | ἐπανόρθωσις | epanorthōsis | islah | Low | 3 (core: 3:16) | — | |
| Training/Discipline | παιδεία | paideia | tərbiyə | Low-Medium | 3 (core: 3:16) | — | |
| Complete/Equipped | ἄρτιος / ἐξηρτισμένος | artios / exērtismenos | kamil / hər yaxşı iş üçün təchiz olunmuş | Medium | 3 (core: 3:17) | — | Avoid implying sinless moral perfection |
| Books / Parchments | βιβλία / μεμβράναι | biblia / membranai | kitablar / dəri tumarlar | Low | 4 (4:13) | — | Incidental support for written-Word emphasis |
Section 3: New Terms — Guarding Sound Doctrine & Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
| Term (English) | Original | Transliteration | Azerbaijani Rendering | Risk | Chapter(s) | Rejected Alternatives | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Deposit / Entrusted Trust | παραθήκη | parathēkē | əmanət | High | 1 (1:12, 1:14), 4 (4:7, “kept the faith”) | — | Partial resonance with Islamic əmanət (creation trust, Q33:72); must be qualified as the apostolic gospel content specifically |
| Entrust (verb) | παρατίθημι | paratithēmi | həvalə etmək / etibar etmək | High | 2 (2:2) | — | Anchor verb for the transmission chain Paul→Timothy→faithful men→others |
| Rightly Handling (the word of truth) | ὀρθοτομέω | orthotomeō | düzgün izah etmək / düz yol açmaq | Medium-High | 2 (2:15) | — | Agricultural/roadbuilding metaphor; retain the “straight-cutting” precision image where possible |
| Foundation | θεμέλιος | themelios | təməl | Low-Medium | 2 (2:19) | — | |
| Seal | σφραγίς | sphragis | möhür | Low | 2 (2:19) | — | |
| Profane/Empty Chatter | βέβηλοι κενοφωνίαι | bebēloi kenophōniai | boş və mənasız sözlər | Medium | 2 (2:16) | — | |
| Gangrene (of false teaching) | γάγγραινα | gangraina | qanqrena | Medium | 2 (2:17) | — | Vivid disease-metaphor; retain literally, recognizable Azerbaijani medical loanword |
| Approved Workman | δόκιμος ἐργάτης | dokimos ergatēs | sınaqdan çıxmış işçi | Low-Medium | 2 (2:15) | — | |
| Sincere/Unfeigned Faith | ἀνυπόκριτος πίστις | anhypokritos pistis | riyasız iman | Medium | 1 (1:5) | — | Multi-generational transmission (Lois, Eunice) |
| Deny (Christ) | ἀρνέομαι | arneomai | inkar etmək | Medium-High | 2 (2:12-13) | — | Contrasted with Christ’s unwavering faithfulness |
| Be Faithless | ἀπιστέω | apisteō | imansız olmaq | High | 2 (2:13) | — | Grace-shaped assurance, not merit-shaped |
Section 4: New Terms — Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
| Term (English) | Original | Transliteration | Azerbaijani Rendering | Risk | Chapter(s) | Rejected Alternatives | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Last Days | ἔσχαται ἡμέραι | eschatai hēmerai | axır zamanlar | High | 3 (3:1) | — | Heavily loaded with Shia Mahdi/Dəccal eschatology; requires explicit distinguishing teaching |
| Perilous/Difficult Times | καιροὶ χαλεποί | kairoi chalepoi | çətin zamanlar | Low-Medium | 3 (3:1) | — | |
| Godliness | εὐσέβεια | eusebeia | Allaha bağlılıq | High | 3 (3:5) | “təqva” (Qur’anic piety virtue); “mömünlük” (built on Qur’anic “mömin/believer”) | Central term for the outward-form-vs-inward-power contrast |
| Form (outward) | μόρφωσις | morphōsis | zahiri görkəm | Medium | 3 (3:5) | — | Paired with eusebeia above |
| Deceiver / Impostor | γόης / πλάνος | goēs / planos | sehrbaz / aldadan | Medium | 3 (3:8, 3:13) | — | |
| Deceiving and Being Deceived | πλανῶντες καὶ πλανώμενοι | planōntes kai planōmenoi | aldadan və aldanan | Medium | 3 (3:13) | — | |
| Myths / Fables | μῦθοι | mythoi | əfsanələr | Low-Medium | 4 (core: 4:4) | — | Contrasted with həqiqət (truth) |
| Turn Away (from truth) | ἀποστρέφω | apostrephō | üz döndərmək | Medium | 4 (core: 4:4) | — | |
| Turn Aside / Wander | ἐκτρέπομαι | ektrepomai | yoldan çıxmaq | Medium | 4 (core: 4:4) | — | |
| Itching Ears | κνηθόμενοι τὴν ἀκοήν | knēthomenoi tēn akoēn | qulaqlarını qıdıqlayan sözlər eşitmək istəmək | Medium | 4 (core: 4:3) | — | Retain the vivid idiom; doctrinally load-bearing |
| Accumulate Teachers | ἐπισωρεύω διδασκάλους | episōreuō didaskalous | öz üstünə müəllim yığmaq | Medium | 4 (core: 4:3) | — | |
| Persecution | διωγμός | diōgmos | təqib | Medium-High | 3 (3:11-12) | — | Universal claim (“all who live godly”) must not be softened |
| Devil | διάβολος | diabolos | iblis | Medium | 2 (2:26) | — | Shared vocabulary; frame around doctrinal deception specifically |
| Snare | παγίς | pagis | tələ | Low | 2 (2:26) | — |
Section 5: New Terms — Perseverance under Suffering
| Term (English) | Original | Transliteration | Azerbaijani Rendering | Risk | Chapter(s) | Rejected Alternatives | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Endure Hardship / Suffer Affliction | κακοπαθέω / συγκακοπαθέω | kakopatheō / synkakopatheō | əzab-əziyyətə dözmək / birlikdə əzab-əziyyətə dözmək | High | 1 (1:8), 2 (2:3, 2:9), 4 (core: 4:5) | — | Active, purposeful endurance; not qismət-style fatalistic resignation |
| Soldier | στρατιώτης | stratiōtēs | əsgər | Medium | 2 (2:3-4) | “mücahid” (jihad-warrior; loaded Islamic term) | Neutral secular military term preferred |
| Athlete / Farmer (metaphors) | ἀθλητής / γεωργός | athlētēs / geōrgos | idmançı / əkinçi | Low | 2 (2:5-6) | — | |
| Fought the Good Fight | τὸν καλὸν ἀγῶνα ἠγώνισμαι | ton kalon agōna ēgōnismai | yaxşı mübarizəni apardım | Medium | 4 (4:7) | “cihad” (jihad; loaded Islamic religious-struggle term) | Use “mübarizə” (struggle/contest), never cihad |
| Finished the Race | τὸν δρόμον τετέλεκα | ton dromon teteleka | qaçışımı başa vurdum | Low | 4 (4:7) | — | |
| Be Sober / Watchful | νήφω | nēphō | ayıq olmaq | Low-Medium | 4 (core: 4:5) | — | |
| Be Ashamed | ἐπαισχύνομαι | epaischynomai | xəcalət çəkmək | Medium | 1 (1:8, 1:12, 1:16) | — | Tied to honor/shame cultural dynamics |
| Cowardice/Timidity | δειλία | deilia | qorxaqlıq | Low | 1 (1:7) | — | |
| Self-Control / Sound Mind | σωφρονισμός | sōphronismos | özünə nəzarət | Low-Medium | 1 (1:7) | — | |
| Patience/Longsuffering | μακροθυμία | makrothymia | səbir | Low | 4 (core: 4:2) | — | Point of genuine resonance with Islamic səbir virtue |
| Testimony/Witness | μαρτύριον | martyrion | şahidlik | High | 1 (1:8) | “şəhadət” (Islamic creedal confession/martyrdom term) | Use şahidlik/şahid, never şəhadət |
Section 6: New Terms — The Charge to Preach the Word
| Term (English) | Original | Transliteration | Azerbaijani Rendering | Risk | Chapter(s) | Rejected Alternatives | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preach / Proclaim | κηρύσσω | kēryssō | vəz etmək | High | 4 (core: 4:2) | “təbliğ etmək” (legally regulated proselytizing category in Azerbaijani law/discourse) | Never use təbliğ; vəz etmək is the established safe term |
| Solemnly Charge | διαμαρτύρομαι | diamartyromai | ciddi tapşırmaq / and vasitəsilə tapşırmaq | Medium-High | 4 (core: 4:1) | — | Formal, legally-toned adjuration |
| Judge / Judgment | κρίνω / κριτής | krinō / kritēs | hökm etmək / Hakim | High | 4 (core: 4:1, 4:8) | — | Distinguish from Islamic Qiyamət framework; judgment belongs to Christ |
| Reprove / Expose | ἐλέγχω | elenchō | ifşa etmək | Medium | 4 (core: 4:2) | — | |
| Rebuke | ἐπιτιμάω | epitimaō | danlamaq | Medium | 4 (core: 4:2) | — | |
| Evangelist | εὐαγγελιστής | euangelistēs | müjdəçi | Medium | 4 (core: 4:5) | — | Built on established Müjdə root |
| Ministry / Service | διακονία | diakonia | xidmət | Medium | 4 (core: 4:5) | — | |
| Fully Carry Out / Fulfill | πληροφορέω | plērophoreō | tam yerinə yetirmək | Low-Medium | 4 (core: 4:5) | — | |
| Appearing (of Christ) | ἐπιφάνεια | epiphaneia | görünmə | Critical | 1 (1:10), 4 (core: 4:1; 4:8) | “zühur” (Shia Twelfth Imam/Mahdi return terminology) | Never use zühur; use görünmə consistently for both first and second appearing |
Section 7: New Terms — Assurance of Reward
| Term (English) | Original | Transliteration | Azerbaijani Rendering | Risk | Chapter(s) | Rejected Alternatives | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crown of Righteousness | στέφανος τῆς δικαιοσύνης | stephanos tēs dikaiosynēs | salehlik tacı | High | 4 (4:8) | — | Grace-secured reward for those who love his appearing, not a deeds-ledger payout |
| Righteous Judge | ὁ δίκαιος κριτής | ho dikaios kritēs | ədalətli Hakim | High | 4 (4:8) | — | Same collision-avoidance as “Judge” above |
| Poured Out (as a libation) | σπένδομαι | spendomai | içmə təqdimi kimi tökülmək | Medium | 4 (4:6) | “qurban” (Islamic Eid al-Adha animal-sacrifice term) | Use təqdim (offering), never qurban |
| Reign With Him | συμβασιλεύω | symbasileuō | onunla birlikdə padşahlıq etmək | Medium | 2 (2:12) | — | Built on Allahın Padşahlığı root |
| Repay According to Works | ἀποδίδωμι κατὰ τὰ ἔργα | apodidōmi kata ta erga | əməllərinə görə əvəz vermək | High | 4 (4:14) | — | Refers to God’s just recompense toward an unrepentant opponent; must not be generalized into a believer’s-standing works-ledger doctrine |
| Rescue/Deliver (historical) | ῥύομαι | rhyomai | qurtarmaq | Medium | 4 (4:17-18) | using Xilas root for this sense | Keep separate from the soteriological Xilas sense |
| Heavenly Kingdom | βασιλεία ἐπουράνιος | basileia epouranios | səmavi Padşahlıq | Medium | 4 (4:18) | “behişt” (Islamic paradise term) | Use səmavi (heavenly), not behişt |
| Immortality/Incorruption | ἀφθαρσία | aphtharsia | ölməzlik | Low-Medium | 1 (1:10) | — | |
| Abolished (death) | καταργέω | katargeō | ləğv etmək | Medium | 1 (1:10) | — |
Section 8: New Terms — Ancillary but Load-Bearing (Personal/Devotional Vocabulary)
| Term (English) | Original | Transliteration | Azerbaijani Rendering | Risk | Chapter(s) | Rejected Alternatives | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mercy | ἔλεος | eleos | Mərhəmət | Medium | 1 (1:2, 1:16, 1:18) | — | Distinct from Lütf (grace); do not confuse the two baseline warnings |
| Conscience | συνείδησις | syneidēsis | vicdan | Low | 1 (1:3) | — | Shared secular/religious vocabulary; genuine resonance |
| Gift (singular, ministry-specific) | χάρισμα | charisma | hədiyyə / Allahın bəxş etdiyi hədiyyə | Medium | 1 (1:6) | — | Narrower than baseline plural charismata (ruhani hədiyyələr) |
| Laying on of Hands | ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν | epithesis tōn cheirōn | əl qoyma | Medium | 1 (1:6) | — | Commissioning gesture; not magical/superstitious |
| Savior | σωτήρ | sōtēr | Xilaskar | Critical | 1 (1:10) | — | Built directly on Xilas root; inherits Critical status |
| Repentance | μετάνοια | metanoia | tövbə | Medium | 2 (2:25) | — | Shared with Islamic vocabulary; note God grants it sovereignly (grace framework) |
| Knowledge of the Truth | ἐπίγνωσις ἀληθείας | epignōsis alētheias | həqiqəti dərk etmə | Medium | 2 (2:25) | — | |
| Gentleness | πραΰτης | prautēs | həlimlik | Low | 2 (2:25) | — | |
| Vessel (honor/dishonor) | σκεῦος | skeuos | qab | Low-Medium | 2 (2:20-21) | — | |
| Youthful Passions | νεωτερικαὶ ἐπιθυμίαι | neōterikai epithymiai | gənclik həvəsləri | Medium | 2 (2:22) | — | |
| Desires/Lusts (general) | ἐπιθυμία | epithymia | nəfsin istəkləri | Medium | 3 (3:6), 4 (core: 4:3) | — | Note resonance/distinction with Islamic nəfs psychology |
Cross-Reference Notes for Phase 2
- Signature phrases requiring verbatim consistency across all lessons: “sağlam təlim” (sound doctrine, 1:13 / 4:3); “Allah tərəfindən ilhamlanmış” (God-breathed, 3:16); “görünmə” (appearing, 1:10 / 4:1 / 4:8) — never zühur; “vəz etmək” (preach, 4:2) — never təbliğ.
- Forbidden substitutions specific to this curriculum, to be added to the Step 12 AI instruction set: zühur (for epiphaneia), təbliğ (for kēryssō), Kəlam (for logos/“the Word”), cihad/mücahid (for agōn/stratiōtēs), qurban (for spendomai), behişt (for basileia epouranios), şəhadət (for martyrion), təqva/mömünlük (for eusebeia).
- All Critical and High risk terms above require routing to human theologian review per the baseline
doctrine_risk_registry.jsonconventions; Medium risk terms route to native speaker review; Low risk terms are automated-review sufficient, consistent with baseline risk-tier definitions.
Critical Risk Terms
Righteousness
Approved rendering: Salehlik
Transliteration: sah-lehk-LEEK
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: saleh əməllər (righteous deeds as the ground itself)
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Underlies both ‘training in righteousness’ (3:16) and ‘the crown of righteousness’ (4:8); the reward context of 4:8 heightens the need to guard against a saleh əməllər (deeds-ledger) reading.
Salvation
Approved rendering: Xilas
Transliteration: khee-LAHS
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: nicat (Imamate-intercession-linked deferred hope), cənnətə girmək (entering paradise)
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Scripture’s stated purpose is wisdom ‘unto salvation’ (3:15); root also underlies the title ‘Savior’ (Xilaskar, 1:10).
Resurrection
Approved rendering: Diriliş
Transliteration: dee-ree-LEESH
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: göyə qaldırılma (no-death ascension)
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. Directly contradicted in-text by Hymenaeus and Philetus’s claim that ‘the resurrection has already happened’ (2:17-18) — a concrete false-teaching example heightening the baseline’s Critical rating.
Lord
Approved rendering: Rəbb
Transliteration: RAHBB
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ağa (master, non-divine)
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Appears in ‘the Lord, the righteous Judge’ (4:8) and the closing benediction (4:22).
Messiah
Approved rendering: Məsih
Transliteration: mah-SEEKH
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Rejected alternatives: sadəcə bir peyğəmbər (merely a prophet)
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Always paired with İsa; recurs at 1:1-2, 2:8, 4:1.
Jesus
Approved rendering: İsa
Transliteration: ee-SAH
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: bare ‘İsa Peyğəmbər’ without Məsih
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Paired with Məsih in doctrinally significant references throughout.
God
Approved rendering: Allah
Transliteration: ahl-LAHKH
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Tanrı (Turkish convention, not IBT usage)
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Müqəddəs Ruh
Transliteration: myoo-kad-DASS ROOKH
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: Cəbrail (archangel Gabriel)
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. ‘By the Holy Spirit who dwells in us’ (1:14) grounds guarding the deposit in the Spirit’s indwelling power, not archangel-mediated assistance.
Father
Approved rendering: Ata
Transliteration: ah-TAH
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: Yaradan (Creator, avoiding relational language)
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Greeting formula (1:2).
Imputed Righteousness
Approved rendering: Hesaba alınan salehlik
Transliteration: heh-sah-BAH ah-luh-NAHN sah-lehk-LEEK
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: qazanılmış salehlik (earned righteousness)
Inherited from Romans package. Referenced in teaching notes for the ‘crown of righteousness’ (4:8) to keep that reward grace-secured, not deeds-earned.
God Breathed
Approved rendering: Allah tərəfindən ilhamlanmış
Transliteration: ahl-LAHKH ta-ra-feen-DAN eel-hahm-lahn-MUSH
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: vəhy (Islamic single-recipient prophetic/Qur’anic dictation term)
Original: θεόπνευστος
Category: Scripture
Anchor term of the whole curriculum (3:16). Must be taught alongside explicit rebuttal of the tahrif (scriptural corruption) doctrine, since inspiration and sufficiency stand or fall together for reader confidence in the text’s reliability. No single native Azerbaijani word exists; this descriptive compound must be used identically at every occurrence.
Appearing
Approved rendering: görünmə
Transliteration: gu-rewn-MA
Doctrine: Christ’s Appearing and Return
Rejected alternatives: zühur (Twelver Shia technical term for the future appearance of the Hidden Twelfth Imam/Mahdi)
Original: ἐπιφάνεια
Category: Christology
Christ’s manifestation, both his first coming (1:10) and future glorious return (4:1, 4:8). Built on the neutral root görünmək (‘to be seen’) to avoid readers mentally substituting the Mahdi-return narrative for Christ’s return; must be used at every occurrence, never zühur.
Savior
Approved rendering: Xilaskar
Transliteration: khee-lahs-KAHR
Doctrine: Deity and Saviorhood of Christ
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Christology
Title for Christ as the one who saves/delivers, built directly on the Xilas root (1:10); inherits the baseline’s Critical status. Must never be diluted toward a nicat-style deferred-hope figure — this Savior has already, decisively abolished death.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: Müjdə
Transliteration: myuzh-DAH
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: İncil (bare, unqualified), yaxşı xəbər (generic good news)
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. In 2 Timothy underlies ‘the work of an evangelist’ (müjdəçi, 4:5) and the charge to guard and proclaim the gospel despite suffering (1:8-10; 2:8).
Grace
Approved rendering: Lütf
Transliteration: LYUTF
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: mərhəmət (mercy), kərəm (Persian-influenced divine generosity)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Appears in greeting (1:2) and closing (4:22); must be kept distinct from ἔλεος/Mərhəmət (mercy), a separate term in the same greeting.
Faith
Approved rendering: İman
Transliteration: ee-MAHN
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: etiqad (doctrinal conviction/creed)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Central to ‘kept the faith’ (4:7), ‘faithful men’ (2:2), and the multigenerational heritage of Lois and Eunice (1:5).
Called
Approved rendering: Çağırılmış
Transliteration: chah-guh-ruhl-MUSH
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: dəvət olunmuş (invited)
Original: κλητός / κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. ‘Holy calling’ (1:9) grounds Timothy’s ministry in God’s own sovereign purpose, not human achievement.
Calling
Approved rendering: Çağırış
Transliteration: chah-guh-RUHSH
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: dəvət
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Paired with ‘holy’ (1:9).
Holy
Approved rendering: Müqəddəs
Transliteration: myoo-kad-DASS
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: təmiz (ritually clean)
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. ‘Holy calling’ (1:9) stands in deliberate contrast to the vice list of 3:2-5.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: Allahın qüdrəti
Transliteration: ahl-lah-HUHN kewd-rah-TEE
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: Allahın qəzəbi (God’s wrath)
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. ‘Spirit of power’ (1:7) and the false teachers who deny godliness’s ‘power’ (3:5) both draw on this root.
Sin
Approved rendering: Günah
Transliteration: goo-NAHKH
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: xəta (mistake/error)
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. ‘Laden with sins’ describes those misled by false teachers (3:6).
Glory
Approved rendering: Ehtişam
Transliteration: eh-htee-SHAHM
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: nur (Shia devotional Light-of-the-Imams association)
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Closing doxology (4:18).
Prophet
Approved rendering: Peyğəmbər
Transliteration: pay-gam-BAIR
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: falçı (fortune-teller)
Inherited from Romans package. Referenced to distinguish ‘man of God’ (Allah adamı, 3:17) from the fresh-revelation-receiving prophetic office.
Scripture
Approved rendering: Müqəddəs Yazı(lar)
Transliteration: myoo-kad-DASS yah-zuh-LAHR
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: bare ‘Kitab’ without qualification
Original: γραφή / ἱερὰ γράμματα
Category: Scripture
‘All Scripture’ (3:16) must retain totality via ‘Bütün Müqəddəs Yazı,’ never a partitive sense allowing readers to treat only select portions as authoritative.
Teaching Doctrine
Approved rendering: təlim
Transliteration: ta-LEEM
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Rejected alternatives: məsləhət (mere advice/opinion)
Original: διδασκαλία / διδαχή
Category: Scripture
Must consistently pair with ‘sağlam’ (sound) at 1:13 and 4:3.
Sound Doctrine
Approved rendering: sağlam təlim
Transliteration: sahgh-LAHM ta-LEEM
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: ὑγιαινούσης διδασκαλίας / ὑγιαινόντων λόγων
Category: Scripture
Signature phrase of 2 Timothy (1:13; 4:3), comparable in weight to Romans 1:16-17’s thesis-statement status; must render identically at every occurrence.
The Word
Approved rendering: Söz
Transliteration: SUZ
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Rejected alternatives: Kəlam (Islamic uncreated eternal Speech, applied to the Qur’an)
Original: ὁ λόγος (τοῦ θεοῦ)
Category: Scripture
Pair with context (‘Allahın Sözü’) to keep the referent to the apostolic gospel message clear.
The Deposit
Approved rendering: əmanət
Transliteration: a-mah-NAT
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: παραθήκη
Category: Doctrine
The fixed body of apostolic gospel content entrusted for safekeeping (1:12, 1:14; cf. 4:7 ‘kept the faith’). Partial resonance with the Islamic anthropological trust (əl-əmanə, Q33:72); must be qualified as ‘Müjdənin əmanəti’ on first use per lesson, not left bare.
Entrust
Approved rendering: həvalə etmək / etibar etmək
Transliteration: ha-vah-LAH et-MAKH / e-tee-BAHR et-MAKH
Doctrine: Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
Original: παρατίθημι
Category: Doctrine
Anchor verb for the Paul→Timothy→faithful men→others transmission chain (2:2); render consistently with the noun əmanət.
Rightly Handling
Approved rendering: düzgün izah etmək
Transliteration: dewz-GEWN ee-ZAHKH et-MAKH
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: ὀρθοτομέω
Category: Doctrine
Metaphor of cutting a straight path/furrow (2:15); retain the ‘straight-cutting’ precision image in teaching notes even where the verb itself is rendered descriptively.
Deny Christ
Approved rendering: inkar etmək
Transliteration: een-KAHR et-MAKH
Doctrine: Christ’s Faithfulness despite Our Unfaithfulness
Original: ἀρνέομαι
Category: Doctrine
To disown/renounce Christ (2:12); must be held in tension with 2:13’s declaration of Christ’s own unwavering faithfulness.
Be Faithless
Approved rendering: imansız olmaq
Transliteration: ee-mahn-SUHZ ohl-MAKH
Doctrine: Christ’s Faithfulness despite Our Unfaithfulness
Original: ἀπιστέω
Category: Doctrine
Contrasted with Christ’s faithfulness even toward the faithless (2:13); a grace-shaped, not merit-shaped, assurance claim — Christ’s faithfulness does not depend on ours.
Last Days
Approved rendering: axır zamanlar
Transliteration: ah-KHUHR zah-mahn-LAHR
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: ἔσχαται ἡμέραι
Category: Eschatology
Heavily loaded shared term carrying strong Shia eschatological associations (Twelfth Imam’s return, the Dəccal, Karbala-linked tribulation); no viable substitute exists, so it is retained but must be paired with explicit distinguishing teaching every occurrence (3:1).
Godliness
Approved rendering: Allaha bağlılıq
Transliteration: ahl-lah-HAH bahgh-luh-LUHKH
Doctrine: Godliness versus Outward Religiosity
Rejected alternatives: təqva (Qur’anic God-consciousness virtue, embedded in Islamic law-observance ethics), mömünlük (built on ‘mömin,’ the Qur’anic believer term)
Original: εὐσέβεια
Category: Sanctification
Descriptive, non-borrowed phrase chosen to avoid importing Islamic believer-identity/piety categories (3:5).
Persecution
Approved rendering: təqib
Transliteration: ta-KEEB
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Original: διωγμός
Category: Suffering
3:12 asserts universal scope (‘all who desire to live godly…will suffer persecution’); this claim must not be softened into a merely occasional or possible outcome.
Endure Hardship
Approved rendering: əzab-əziyyətə dözmək
Transliteration: a-ZAHB a-zee-yat-TA duz-MAKH
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Original: κακοπαθέω / συγκακοπαθέω
Category: Suffering
Active, purposeful endurance for the gospel (1:8; 2:3, 2:9; 4:5), consistent at every occurrence; must not be rendered as passive qismət-style fatalistic resignation.
Testimony
Approved rendering: şahidlik
Transliteration: shah-heed-LEEK
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Rejected alternatives: şəhadət (Islamic creedal confession/martyrdom term)
Original: μαρτύριον
Category: Suffering
Witness borne to the gospel, including willingness to suffer for it (1:8); şahidlik (from şahid, witness) avoids the shahada/martyrdom collision.
Preach
Approved rendering: vəz etmək
Transliteration: VAZ et-MAKH
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Rejected alternatives: təbliğ etmək (legally regulated religious propaganda/proselytizing category under Azerbaijani law)
Original: κηρύσσω
Category: Ministry
Central imperative of 4:2; must be used exclusively and consistently, never təbliğ, including in informal teaching-note language.
Solemnly Charge
Approved rendering: ciddi tapşırmaq / and vasitəsilə tapşırmaq
Transliteration: jeed-DEE tahp-shuhr-MAKH / AHND vah-see-ta-see-LA tahp-shuhr-MAKH
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: διαμαρτύρομαι
Category: Ministry
A formal, legally-toned adjuration invoking God and Christ as witnesses (4:1); must retain the weight of a solemn, binding charge.
Judge Judgment
Approved rendering: hökm etmək / Hakim
Transliteration: HUKM et-MAKH / hah-KEEM
Doctrine: Final Judgment by Christ
Rejected alternatives: Qiyamət-style apparatus (scales, intercession, record-books)
Original: κρίνω / κριτής
Category: Eschatology
Christ’s own future judgment of the living and the dead (4:1) and his title ‘the righteous Judge’ (4:8); this judgment belongs to Christ himself as risen Lord, not a generic apocalyptic day.
Crown Of Righteousness
Approved rendering: salehlik tacı
Transliteration: sah-lehk-LEEK tah-JUH
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Original: στέφανος τῆς δικαιοσύνης
Category: Eschatology
The victor’s-wreath reward for those who have persevered in faith and loved Christ’s appearing (4:8); must be taught as a grace-secured reward, never an independent merit payout on the saleh əməllər deeds-ledger model.
Righteous Judge
Approved rendering: ədalətli Hakim
Transliteration: a-dah-lat-LEE hah-KEEM
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Original: ὁ δίκαιος κριτής
Category: Eschatology
Christ’s title as the just, final Judge (4:8); same collision-avoidance concerns as judge_judgment.
Repay According To Works
Approved rendering: əməllərinə görə əvəz vermək
Transliteration: a-mal-la-ree-na gu-RA a-VAZ vehr-MAKH
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Original: ἀποδίδωμι κατὰ τὰ ἔργα
Category: Eschatology
God’s just recompense toward Alexander, an unrepentant opponent of the gospel (4:14); must not be generalized into a doctrine that believers’ final standing is measured by a works-ledger — this contradicts the Critical Salehlik/imputed_righteousness distinction.
Medium Risk Terms
Peace
Approved rendering: Sülh
Transliteration: SYULKH
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: rahatlıq (inner calm/comfort)
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Greeting (1:2); pursuit list alongside righteousness, faith, love (2:22).
Seed Of David
Approved rendering: Davudun nəslindən
Transliteration: dah-voo-DOON nas-leen-DAHN
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: σπέρμα Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Paired with resurrection language in the gospel summary of 2:8.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: Allahın Padşahlığı
Transliteration: ahl-lah-HUHN pahd-shah-luh-UH
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Rejected alternatives: Allahın dövləti (God’s state/nation)
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. Adapted as ‘his kingdom’ (4:1) and ‘his heavenly kingdom’ (4:18); see heavenly_kingdom entry for the modifier-specific risk.
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: Ruhani hədiyyələr
Transliteration: roo-hah-NEE hah-dee-YAY-lair
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Rejected alternatives: kəramət (saint/Imam miraculous endowment)
Original: χαρίσματα
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Root reused for the singular charisma of 1:6; see charisma_gift entry.
Mission
Approved rendering: Müjdə yayma xidməti
Transliteration: myuzh-DAH yai-MAH khee-dmah-TEE
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations
Rejected alternatives: təbliğ (regulated religious propaganda)
Original: ἀποστολή / πέμπω
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Root reused for diakonia (‘ministry’) and euangelistēs (‘evangelist’) at 4:5.
Man Of God
Approved rendering: Allah adamı
Transliteration: ahl-LAHKH ah-dah-MUH
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: peyğəmbər (prophet, a fresh-revelation-receiving office)
Original: ὁ τοῦ θεοῦ ἄνθρωπος
Category: Scripture
OT title (Moses, Elijah) extended to the Scripture-formed believer/minister (3:17); must not be collapsed into the prophetic office.
Reproof
Approved rendering: məzəmmət
Transliteration: ma-zam-MAT
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: ἐλεγμός
Category: Scripture
One of Scripture’s four stated purposes (3:16).
Training Discipline
Approved rendering: tərbiyə
Transliteration: tar-bee-YAH
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: παιδεία
Category: Scripture
Disciplined, formative training of character (3:16); natural Azerbaijani word already carries the right sense.
Complete Equipped
Approved rendering: kamil / hər yaxşı iş üçün təchiz olunmuş
Transliteration: kah-MEEL / hair yakh-SHUH eesh ew-CHEWN tah-CHEEZ oh-loon-MOOSH
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: kamil alone (risks implying sinless moral perfection)
Original: ἄρτιος / ἐξηρτισμένος
Category: Scripture
Pair with ‘equipped for every good work’ (3:17) to keep the sense functional readiness, not moral flawlessness.
Foundation
Approved rendering: təməl
Transliteration: ta-MAL
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: θεμέλιος
Category: Doctrine
God’s unshakeable foundation, standing firm despite doctrinal defection (2:19).
Profane Chatter
Approved rendering: boş və mənasız sözlər
Transliteration: BOSH va ma-nah-SUHZ suz-LAIR
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: βέβηλοι κενοφωνίαι
Category: Doctrine
Irreverent, empty talk to be avoided (2:16); precedes the gangrene metaphor.
Gangrene
Approved rendering: qanqrena
Transliteration: kahn-kreh-NAH
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Rejected alternatives: pis təsir (generic bad influence, softens the vivid disease image)
Original: γάγγραινα
Category: Doctrine
Recognizable Azerbaijani medical loanword; retain literally for false teaching’s corrosive spread (2:17).
Approved Workman
Approved rendering: sınaqdan çıxmış işçi
Transliteration: suh-nahk-DAHN chuhkh-MUSH eesh-CHEE
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: δόκιμος ἐργάτης
Category: Doctrine
A worker tested and found reliable in handling the word (2:15).
Sincere Faith
Approved rendering: riyasız iman
Transliteration: ree-yah-SUHZ ee-MAHN
Doctrine: Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
Original: ἀνυπόκριτος πίστις
Category: Faith
Faith without hypocrisy, traced through Lois and Eunice (1:5); key text for multigenerational transmission.
Perilous Times
Approved rendering: çətin zamanlar
Transliteration: cha-TEEN zah-mahn-LAHR
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: καιροὶ χαλεποί
Category: Eschatology
Difficult, dangerous times (3:1).
Outward Form
Approved rendering: zahiri görkəm
Transliteration: zah-hee-REE gur-KAM
Doctrine: Godliness versus Outward Religiosity
Original: μόρφωσις
Category: Sanctification
Mere external shape/appearance of religious devotion, without its transforming power (3:5); the ‘power’ denied is specifically Christ’s Spirit-given power.
Deceiver
Approved rendering: sehrbaz / aldadan
Transliteration: sehr-BAHZ / ahl-dah-DAHN
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: γόης / πλάνος
Category: Doctrine
A sorcerer/imposter or one who deceives (3:8, 3:13).
Deceiving And Deceived
Approved rendering: aldadan və aldanan
Transliteration: ahl-dah-DAHN va ahl-dah-NAHN
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: πλανῶντες καὶ πλανώμενοι
Category: Doctrine
The self-perpetuating cycle of deceiving others while being deceived oneself (3:13).
Myths
Approved rendering: əfsanələr
Transliteration: af-sah-na-LAIR
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: μῦθοι
Category: Doctrine
Legendary or fictional stories opposed to revealed truth (4:4).
Turn Away
Approved rendering: üz döndərmək
Transliteration: ewz dun-dar-MAKH
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: ἀποστρέφω
Category: Doctrine
To turn away from the truth (4:4); key verb for the apostasy trajectory.
Turn Aside
Approved rendering: yoldan çıxmaq
Transliteration: yohl-DAHN chuhkh-MAKH
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: ἐκτρέπομαι
Category: Doctrine
To be turned aside/wander off the path of truth (4:4); companion verb to turn_away.
Itching Ears
Approved rendering: qulaqlarını qıdıqlayan sözlər eşitmək istəmək
Transliteration: koo-lahk-lah-ruh-NUH kuh-duhkh-lah-YAHN suz-LAIR eh-sheet-MAKH ees-ta-MAKH
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: κνηθόμενοι τὴν ἀκοήν
Category: Doctrine
Idiom for craving novel, flattering messages (4:3); retain the vivid full-clause image rather than substituting an unrelated Azerbaijani idiom.
Accumulate Teachers
Approved rendering: öz üstünə müəllim yığmaq
Transliteration: uz ews-tew-NA mew-al-LEEM yuhgh-MAKH
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: ἐπισωρεύω διδασκάλους
Category: Doctrine
To pile up teachers who tell one what one wants to hear (4:3); central image for consumer-driven, agreeable-teacher-seeking religion.
Devil
Approved rendering: iblis
Transliteration: eeb-LEES
Doctrine: Spiritual Deception and the Devil
Original: διάβολος
Category: Doctrine
Shared vocabulary with Islamic usage for the tempter-figure (2:26); genuine resonance, but frame around doctrinal deception specifically, this chapter’s theme.
Soldier
Approved rendering: əsgər
Transliteration: as-GAR
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Rejected alternatives: mücahid (jihad-warrior, a loaded Islamic term for a holy warrior)
Original: στρατιώτης
Category: Suffering
One of three vocational metaphors (soldier, athlete, farmer) for single-minded devotion (2:3-4); neutral secular term preferred.
Fought Good Fight
Approved rendering: yaxşı mübarizəni apardım
Transliteration: yakh-SHUH mew-bah-ree-za-NEE ah-pahr-DUHM
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Rejected alternatives: cihad (jihad, religious struggle)
Original: τὸν καλὸν ἀγῶνα ἠγώνισμαι
Category: Suffering
Paul’s summary claim of persevering struggle at the end of his life (4:7); use ‘mübarizə’ (contest/struggle), never cihad.
Be Sober
Approved rendering: ayıq olmaq
Transliteration: ah-YUHKH ohl-MAKH
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: νήφω
Category: Suffering
To be clear-headed and alert, figuratively free of intoxication (4:5).
Be Ashamed
Approved rendering: xəcalət çəkmək
Transliteration: kha-jah-LAT chak-MAKH
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Original: ἐπαισχύνομαι
Category: Suffering
Recurring theme-word tied to honor/shame cultural dynamics (1:8, 1:12, 1:16).
Self Control
Approved rendering: özünə nəzarət
Transliteration: uz-ew-NA na-zah-RAT
Doctrine: Gift and Empowerment for Ministry
Original: σωφρονισμός
Category: Suffering
Disciplined, sound-minded self-control given by the Spirit (1:7); part of the power-love-self-control triad.
Reprove Expose
Approved rendering: ifşa etmək
Transliteration: eef-SHAH et-MAKH
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: ἐλέγχω
Category: Ministry
First of the three-part ministry triad of 4:2: to expose and convict of fault with evidence.
Rebuke
Approved rendering: danlamaq
Transliteration: dahn-lah-MAKH
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: ἐπιτιμάω
Category: Ministry
Second of the three-part ministry triad of 4:2; must be tempered by ‘with patience and teaching.‘
Evangelist
Approved rendering: müjdəçi
Transliteration: mewzh-da-CHEE
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: εὐαγγελιστής
Category: Ministry
One who proclaims the gospel (4:5); built safely on the already-established Müjdə root.
Ministry Service
Approved rendering: xidmət
Transliteration: kheed-MAT
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: διακονία
Category: Ministry
Christian service/ministry generally (4:5); independent term for Timothy’s overall ministry.
Fully Carry Out
Approved rendering: tam yerinə yetirmək
Transliteration: TAHM yeh-ree-NA yeh-teer-MAKH
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: πληροφορέω
Category: Ministry
To bring a task to full completion (4:5).
Poured Out
Approved rendering: içmə təqdimi kimi tökülmək
Transliteration: eech-MA tag-dee-MEE kee-MEE tu-kewl-MAKH
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Rejected alternatives: qurban (Islamic Eid al-Adha animal-sacrifice term, Qurban Bayramı)
Original: σπένδομαι
Category: Suffering
A sacrificial drink-offering metaphor for Paul’s imminent death for the gospel (4:6); use təqdim (‘offering’), never qurban.
Reign With Him
Approved rendering: onunla birlikdə padşahlıq etmək
Transliteration: oh-noon-LAH beer-leek-DA pahd-shah-LUHKH et-MAKH
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Original: συμβασιλεύω
Category: Eschatology
Believers’ promised future co-reigning with Christ (2:12), built on the Allahın Padşahlığı root.
Rescue Deliver
Approved rendering: qurtarmaq
Transliteration: goor-tahr-MAKH
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Rejected alternatives: using the Xilas root for this historical-rescue sense
Original: ῥύομαι
Category: Salvation
Historical rescue from specific danger (4:17-18), distinct from eternal salvation; keep separate from the soteriological Xilas sense reserved exclusively for eternal salvation.
Heavenly Kingdom
Approved rendering: səmavi Padşahlıq
Transliteration: sa-mah-VEE pahd-shah-LUHKH
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Rejected alternatives: behişt (Islamic paradise term)
Original: βασιλεία ἐπουράνιος
Category: Kingdom
Christ’s heavenly kingdom, into which Paul will be brought safely (4:18); səmavi (‘heavenly,’ a neutral spatial adjective) is preferred, consistent with the baseline’s rejection of cənnətə girmək for salvation.
Immortality
Approved rendering: ölməzlik
Transliteration: ul-maz-LEEK
Doctrine: Deity and Saviorhood of Christ
Original: ἀφθαρσία
Category: Eschatology
Incorruptible, undying life brought to light through the gospel (1:10).
Abolished Death
Approved rendering: ləğv etmək
Transliteration: lagh-V et-MAKH
Doctrine: Deity and Saviorhood of Christ
Original: καταργέω
Category: Salvation
Christ’s decisive nullifying of death’s power (1:10); part of the 1:10 gospel-summary cluster paired with Savior and immortality.
Mercy
Approved rendering: Mərhəmət
Transliteration: mar-ha-MAT
Doctrine: Grace
Original: ἔλεος
Category: God
Compassionate pity extended to one in need (1:2, 1:16, 1:18), distinct from Lütf (grace, unmerited favor). Correctly used here to translate the distinct Greek word eleos, not as a substitute for grace.
Charisma Gift
Approved rendering: hədiyyə / Allahın bəxş etdiyi hədiyyə
Transliteration: ha-dee-YAH / ahl-lah-HUHN bakhsh et-dee-YEE ha-dee-YAH
Doctrine: Gift and Empowerment for Ministry
Original: χάρισμα
Category: Church
A specific ministry-empowering gift given through the laying on of hands (1:6); narrower than the plural charismata (Ruhani hədiyyələr).
Laying On Of Hands
Approved rendering: əl qoyma
Transliteration: AL goy-MAH
Doctrine: Gift and Empowerment for Ministry
Original: ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν
Category: Church
A commissioning/ordination gesture (1:6); must not be taught as a magical or folk-healing act, distinguishing it from local folk-religious hand-laying practices.
Repentance
Approved rendering: tövbə
Transliteration: tuv-BA
Doctrine: Repentance as Divine Gift
Original: μετάνοια
Category: Salvation
A God-granted change of mind and heart leading to renewed obedience (2:25). Shared with Islamic tövbə (generally human-initiated); must retain God as the sovereign granter here (‘if God perhaps will grant them repentance’).
Knowledge Of Truth
Approved rendering: həqiqəti dərk etmə
Transliteration: ha-gee-ga-TEE dark et-MA
Doctrine: Repentance as Divine Gift
Original: ἐπίγνωσις ἀληθείας
Category: Doctrine
Full, saving knowledge of the truth (2:25), paired with God-granted repentance; not mere intellectual assent.
Vessel
Approved rendering: qab
Transliteration: GAHB
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: σκεῦος
Category: Church
A container of honor or dishonor, metaphor for believers’ varied roles and moral condition (2:20-21).
Youthful Passions
Approved rendering: gənclik həvəsləri
Transliteration: ganj-LEEK ha-vas-la-REE
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: νεωτερικαὶ ἐπιθυμίαι
Category: Sin
Cravings characteristic of youthful immaturity, to be fled from (2:22); cognate of epithymia.
Desires Lusts
Approved rendering: nəfsin istəkləri
Transliteration: naf-SEEN ees-tak-la-REE
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: ἐπιθυμία
Category: Sin
In 4:3, doctrinal self-indulgence in choosing agreeable teachers rather than sound doctrine. ‘Nəfs’ carries Islamic anthropological/Sufi resonance; teaching material must clarify Paul’s point here is doctrinal self-indulgence, not generic bodily appetite.
Low Risk Terms
Exhort
Approved rendering: Nəsihət vermək
Transliteration: nah-see-HAHT ver-MAKH
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Context-sensitive alongside reprove/rebuke in the ministry triad of 4:2.
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: Şükran
Transliteration: shook-RAHN
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία / εὐχαριστῶ
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. ‘I thank God’ (1:3).
Profitable
Approved rendering: faydalı
Transliteration: fai-dah-LUH
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: ὠφέλιμος
Category: Scripture
One of Scripture’s four stated purposes (3:16).
Correction
Approved rendering: islah
Transliteration: ees-LAHKH
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: ἐπανόρθωσις
Category: Scripture
One of Scripture’s four stated purposes (3:16).
Books Parchments
Approved rendering: kitablar / dəri tumarlar
Transliteration: kee-tahb-LAHR / da-REE too-mahr-LAHR
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: βιβλία / μεμβράναι
Category: Scripture
Physical written texts Paul requests near death (4:13); incidental support for the written-Word emphasis.
Seal
Approved rendering: möhür
Transliteration: mu-HEWR
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: σφραγίς
Category: Doctrine
A mark of ownership/authentication (2:19).
Snare
Approved rendering: tələ
Transliteration: ta-LA
Doctrine: Spiritual Deception and the Devil
Original: παγίς
Category: Doctrine
A trap set by the devil (2:26).
Athlete Farmer
Approved rendering: idmançı / əkinçi
Transliteration: eed-mahn-CHUH / a-keen-CHEE
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Original: ἀθλητής / γεωργός
Category: Suffering
Vocational metaphors for disciplined, patient devotion (2:5-6).
Finished Race
Approved rendering: qaçışımı başa vurdum
Transliteration: gah-chuh-shuh-MUH bah-SHAH voor-DOOM
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Original: τὸν δρόμον τετέλεκα
Category: Suffering
Paul’s claim to have completed his appointed course (4:7).
Cowardice
Approved rendering: qorxaqlıq
Transliteration: gohr-khahkh-LUHKH
Doctrine: Gift and Empowerment for Ministry
Original: δειλία
Category: Suffering
Timidity, fear that shrinks from duty (1:7).
Patience
Approved rendering: səbir
Transliteration: sa-BEER
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: μακροθυμία
Category: Suffering
Pastoral patience in correcting others (4:2). Genuine resonance with the Islamic devotional virtue of səbir; permitted only for this pastoral-patience sense, not as a substitute for endure_hardship’s active perseverance.
Conscience
Approved rendering: vicdan
Transliteration: veej-DAHN
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Sanctification
Moral self-awareness (1:3); shared secular/religious vocabulary, genuine point of resonance.
Gentleness
Approved rendering: həlimlik
Transliteration: ha-leem-LEEK
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: πραΰτης
Category: Ministry
Gentle, humble correction of opponents (2:25).
Referenced passages