Core Glossary
Core Glossary — Hebrews (English/Greek → Azerbaijani)
This glossary extends, but never contradicts, the baseline Romans translation_memory.json. Terms marked BASELINE are reused exactly per the language authority rule; their entries here restate the fixed rendering for convenience and add Hebrews-specific chapter citations. Terms marked NEW are Hebrews-specific additions proposed for incorporation into the Language Package’s translation memory at Phase 1 Step 8/Phase 2 pre-flight load. Risk tiers follow the same Critical/High/Medium/Low framework as doctrine_risk_registry.json.
A. Reused Baseline Terms (must appear exactly as recorded in translation_memory.json)
| English Term | AZ Rendering | Risk | Hebrews Citations | Reuse Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | Allah | Critical | throughout | No change from baseline. |
| Jesus (paired with Christ) | İsa (İsa Məsih) | Critical | 2:9; 3:1; 4:14; 6:20; 12:2,24; 13:8,12,20 | Always pair İsa with Məsih in doctrinal contexts, per baseline rule. |
| Christ / Messiah | Məsih | Critical | throughout | Reuse exactly; carries full Davidic/atoning content. |
| Lord | Rəbb | Critical | 1:10; 2:3; 7:14; 13:20 | Reuse exactly. |
| Son of God / the Son | Allahın Oğlu / Oğul | Critical | 1:2-8; 4:14; 5:5,8; 6:6; 7:3,28 | Reuse exactly; Ch.1’s angel-superiority argument intensifies this term’s centrality. |
| Holy Spirit | Müqəddəs Ruh | Critical | 2:4; 3:7; 6:4; 9:8,14; 10:15,29 | Reuse exactly; 9:14’s “eternal Spirit” must be taught as this same divine Person, never Cəbrail. |
| Father | Ata | Critical | 1:5; 12:7,9 | Reuse exactly; ties to the ch.12 discipline doctrine. |
| Faith | İman | High | 4:2; 6:1,12; 10:22-23,38-39; 11:1-40; 12:2; 13:7 | Reuse exactly; ch. 11 is the letter’s programmatic definition passage. |
| Grace | Lütf | High | 2:9; 4:16; 10:29; 12:15,28; 13:9,25 | Reuse exactly. |
| Salvation / save | Xilas / xilas etmək | Critical | 1:14; 2:3,10; 5:9; 6:9; 7:25; 9:28 | Reuse exactly; never nicat-framed. |
| Righteousness | Salehlik | Critical | 1:9; 5:13; 7:2; 11:7,33; 12:11 | Reuse exactly. |
| Resurrection | Diriliş | Critical | 6:2; 11:35; 13:20 | Reuse exactly; presupposes real prior death throughout. |
| Holy / holiness | Müqəddəs / müqəddəslik | High | 2:11; 3:1; 6:10; 9:2-3,8,12,24-25; 10:10,14,19,29; 12:10,14; 13:12 | Reuse exactly; extensively used of sanctuary spaces as well as persons. |
| Sanctification / sanctify | Təqdisetmə / təqdis etmək | High | 2:11; 9:13; 10:10,14,29; 13:12 | Reuse exactly. |
| Covenant | Əhd | High | 7:22; 8:6-13; 9:4,15-20; 10:16,29; 12:24; 13:20 | Reuse exactly; Hebrews’ central structural term (Old vs. New Covenant doctrine). |
| Law | Qanun | High | 7:5,12,16,19,28; 8:4,10; 9:19,22; 10:1,8,28 | Reuse exactly; never şəriət. |
| Sin | Günah | High | 1:3; 2:17; 3:13; 4:15; 9:26,28; 10:2-4,17-18,26; 11:25; 12:1,4; 13:11 | Reuse exactly. |
| Glory | Ehtişam | High | 1:3; 2:7,9-10; 3:3; 9:5; 13:21 | Reuse exactly; underlies the ch.1 “radiance” term below — never render with nur. |
| Calling / called | Çağırış / Çağırılmış | High | 3:1; 5:4; 9:15 | Reuse exactly. |
| Apostle | Həvari | Medium | 3:1 | Reuse exactly for the noun; flag the unique Christ-as-Apostle application (see New Terms table) for teaching-note clarification. |
| Intercession | Vasitəçilik | Critical | 7:25 (verb form ἐντυγχάνειν) | Reuse exactly; explicit distinction from şəfaət/təvəssül is mandatory in every occurrence. |
| Providence | Allahın tədbiri | High | 9:27 (“it is appointed”); 12:5-11 (discipline as fatherly governance) | Reuse the conceptual frame; never qismət/alın yazısı. |
| David | Davud | Low | 4:7 (quoting Psalm attributed to David) | Reuse exactly. |
| Israel | İsrail | Medium | 8:8,10; 11:22 | Reuse exactly; keep distinct from ch.12’s Mount Zion/heavenly Jerusalem political-sensitivity note. |
| Abba/Father filial intimacy | (n/a — not directly reused, but Father/discipline doctrine is thematically linked) | High | 12:7,9 | See discipline entry below. |
| Peace | Sülh | Medium | 7:2; 12:14; 13:20 | Reuse exactly. |
B. New Hebrews-Specific Terms (proposed additions to translation memory)
| English Term | Greek | AZ Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Rejected Alternatives | Hebrews Citations | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| high priest | ἀρχιερεύς | Baş kahin | bahsh kah-HEEN | Critical | Christ as the Great High Priest | ”imam” (would import Shia clerical-authority associations) | 2:17; 3:1; 4:14-15; 5:1,5,10; 6:20; 7:26-28; 8:1,3; 9:7,11,25; 10:21 | Central office-title of the whole letter; must never be softened into a generic “spiritual leader” term. |
| priest | ἱερεύς | Kahin | kah-HEEN | High | Levitical Priesthood | — | 5:6; 7:1,3,11,14-15,17,20-21,23; 8:4; 10:11 | Distinguished from Baş kahin; the ordinary/plural priestly office. |
| priesthood | ἱερωσύνη | Kahinlik | kah-heen-LEEK | High | Levitical Priesthood; Christ as Great High Priest | — | 7:11-12,14,24 | The office/system itself, contrasted between Levitical and Melchizedekian orders. |
| sacrifice (noun/verb) | θυσία / προσφέρω | Qurban / qurban etmək, təqdim etmək | koor-BAHN | Critical | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | — (no viable alternative; “qurban” is the only established Azerbaijani sacrificial-offering term) | 5:1; 7:27; 8:3; 9:9,23,26,28; 10:1,5,8,11-12,26; 11:4; 13:15-16 | CRITICAL: “Qurban” is the same word used for the Islamic ritual of Qurban Bayramı (Eid al-Adha) and the Abraham/Ismail sacrifice narrative — a beloved, repeatable, family-and-community-centered annual practice. Every use of “qurban” for Christ’s sacrifice MUST be anchored explicitly to its ONCE-FOR-ALL, unrepeatable, fully sufficient character (see ἅπαξ below) to prevent readers from assimilating Christ’s sacrifice into the familiar pattern of an annually repeated, human-performed ritual obligation. Route every doctrinally significant occurrence to human theologian review. |
| propitiation / atonement | ἱλάσκομαι / ἱλαστήριον | Kəffarə (etmək) | kaf-fah-RAH | Critical | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | ”əvəzləyici ödəniş” (substitutionary payment — considered but judged too commercial/impersonal) | 2:17; 9:5 | CRITICAL: “Kəffarə” is an established Islamic legal-religious term for compensatory expiation (e.g., fasting or almsgiving to atone for a broken oath or a missed religious duty), normally discharged by the believer’s own further religious acts. Christ’s kəffarə must be taught as a completed, once-for-all divine act — never as a repeatable human religious obligation. This is the Hebrews-specific counterpart to the still-undefined Romans 3:25 atonement term the baseline flagged for escalation; recommend this rendering close that gap for the whole Language Package. |
| redemption / ransom | λύτρωσις / ἀπολύτρωσις | Satınalma | sah-tuhn-ahl-MAH | Critical | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice; Assurance of Salvation | ”fəda” (rejected — heavily associated with Shia Karbala/Hussein martyrdom-devotional “fəda olmaq” self-sacrifice language) | 9:12,15 | Distinct from Xilas (salvation); carries the specific “ransom-price paid” sense. |
| mediator | μεσίτης | Vasitəçi | vah-see-tah-CHEE | Critical | The New Covenant versus the Old; Access to God through Christ’s Blood | ”şəfaətçi” (rejected — Shia Imamate-intercession agent-noun); “vəli” (rejected — associated with Sufi/folk saint-patron figures, övliya-adjacent) | 8:6; 9:15; 12:24 | Agent-noun form of the baseline’s fixed Vasitəçilik (Intercession); preserves lexical continuity across the whole Language Package. |
| covenant/will wordplay | διαθήκη (dual sense) | əhd / vəsiyyət (context-dependent) | akhd / vah-see-YAHT | High | The New Covenant versus the Old | — | 9:16-17 | Two-verse exception to the fixed Əhd rendering, required to carry the legal-will sense of the Greek wordplay; flagged for human theologian review as a translation-strategy decision point, not a doctrinal substitution. |
| once for all | ἅπαξ / ἐφάπαξ | bir dəfə (həmişəlik) | beer dah-FAH (hah-mee-shah-LEEK) | Critical | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | ”təkrarsız” (considered, judged less clear for general readers than the fuller phrase) | 6:4; 9:7,12,26,27,28; 10:2,10; 12:26 (cf. 7:27) | The single most doctrinally load-bearing recurring phrase in the letter; must be rendered identically and unmistakably non-repeatable at every occurrence, directly countering both the repeated-Levitical-sacrifice pattern and the repeated-qurban cultural pattern. |
| better / greater (comparative keyword) | κρείττων | daha yaxşı / üstün | dah-HAH yakh-SHUH | Critical | The Superiority of Christ over Angels, Moses, and the Levitical Priesthood | — | 1:4; 6:9; 7:7,19,22; 8:6; 9:23; 10:34; 11:16,35,40; 12:24 | Structural keyword of the whole letter’s superiority argument; consistent rendering across all ~13 occurrences is essential. |
| angel | ἄγγελος | Mələk | mah-LAK | High | The Superiority of Christ over Angels | — | 1:4-7,13; 2:2,5,7,9,16; 12:22; 13:2 | Islam has a robust, named angelology (Cəbrail, Mikail, İsrafil, Əzrail); the superiority argument may either resonate (elevating Christ above a respected category) or puzzle readers unfamiliar with a comparison-to-angels framework. Requires explicit teaching-note framing: angels are created, worshiping servants; Christ is not a superior angel but uncreated God the Son. |
| worship (of Christ) | προσκυνέω | ibadət etmək / səcdə qılmaq | ee-bah-DAHT et-MAKH | Critical | Superiority over Angels; Deity of Christ | ”hörmət etmək” (honor — rejected, softens the exclusive-worship claim) | 1:6 | The sharpest single collision-point in the letter: ibadət/səcdə are the Azerbaijani-Islamic terms for worship reserved exclusively for Allah. Hebrews 1:6 commands this worship of Christ. Must not be softened; confront directly in teaching material rather than in the translation itself, per baseline Doctrinal Preservation Rule 1. |
| radiance / effulgence (of glory) | ἀπαύγασμα | ehtişamın əksi | eh-htee-shah-MUHN ak-SEE | Critical | Deity of Christ; Incarnation | ”nur” (REJECTED — Shia Nur-i Məhəmmədi/pre-existent Imamate-light devotional association, per baseline Glory entry) | 1:3 | Builds on the baseline’s fixed Ehtişam; never substitute nur. |
| exact imprint / representation | χαρακτήρ | mahiyyətinin dəqiq ifadəsi | mah-hee-yah-teh-NEEN dah-GEEK | Critical | Deity of Christ | ”surət” (avoided — mild aniconism/idol-image association risk) | 1:3 | Abstract “expression/representation” wording preferred over an image-noun. |
| heir | κληρονόμος | Varis | vah-REES | Medium | Adoption (baseline-adjacent) | — | 1:2,14; 6:17; 11:7 | Distinguish the covenantal-theological sense from literal Islamic inheritance-law (fara’id) associations in teaching notes. |
| sat down (session of Christ) | ἐκάθισεν | oturdu | oh-toor-DOO | High | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | — | 1:3; 8:1; 10:12; 12:2 | Completed-work posture, contrasted with standing priests (10:11). |
| pioneer / founder | ἀρχηγός | Başçı | bahsh-CHUH | High | Perseverance and Assurance | — | 2:10; 12:2 (paired with τελειωτής) | Christ blazes the trail believers follow. |
| conscience | συνείδησις | Vicdan | veej-DAHN | High | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | — | 9:9,14; 10:2,22; 13:18 | Inward moral-cleansing category, distinct from external ritual purification. |
| perfect / perfected / perfection | τελειόω / τέλειος | kamil / kamilləşdirmək | kah-MEEL | Critical | Christ as Great High Priest; Perseverance and Assurance | ”kamil insan” framing rejected as a standalone gloss (avoid Sufi mystical-attainment association) | 2:10; 5:9,14; 6:1; 7:11,19,28; 9:9,11; 10:1,14; 11:40; 12:2,23 | Signature Hebrews vocabulary; applied first to Christ’s priestly qualification, then to believers’ completed standing — never an attainable mystical state. |
| apostasy / fall away | παραπίπτω | imandan dönmək | ee-mahn-DAHN dyun-MAKH | Critical | The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages | ”irtidad” (the standard Islamic legal term for apostasy — avoided to prevent importing that legal-penal framework’s connotations) | 6:6 | Highest cultural-legal sensitivity term in the book; requires pastoral/legal-safety framing alongside translation accuracy, per baseline Evangelism escalation-rule pattern. |
| deliberate/willful sin | ἑκουσίως ἁμαρτάνω | bilə-bilə günah etmək | bee-lah bee-LAH goo-nahkh et-MAKH | Critical | The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages | — | 10:26 | Same cultural-sensitivity weight as apostasy entry above. |
| shrink back | ὑποστέλλω / ὑποστολή | geri çəkilmək | gyeh-REE chah-keel-MAKH | Critical | Perseverance and Assurance | — | 10:38-39 | Opposite of endurance; ties directly to apostasy-warning vocabulary. |
| assurance / substance (of faith) | ὑπόστασις | əminlik | ah-meen-LEEK | High | Faith of the Old Testament Saints | ”hiss” (feeling — rejected, too subjective) | 11:1 | Programmatic definition-term for faith’s certainty. |
| conviction (of unseen things) | ἔλεγχος | sübut | soo-BOOT | Medium | Faith of the Old Testament Saints | — | 11:1 | Pairs with əminlik in the faith-definition verse. |
| endurance / perseverance | ὑπομονή | dözüm | duh-ZEEM | High | Perseverance and Assurance | ”səbir” (avoided as the primary rendering — a major Islamic virtue-term for patience; risk of collapsing distinctly Christ-grounded perseverance into generic devotional patience) | 10:36; 12:1 | Prefer dözüm to keep the term distinguishable from the broader Islamic sabr virtue-category, though səbir may appear in general (non-doctrinal) register elsewhere without issue. |
| discipline | παιδεία | tərbiyə | tar-bee-YAH | High | Perseverance and Assurance (fatherly formation, ties baseline Father/Ata doctrine) | — | 12:5,7-8,11 | Loving, formative correction from a Father, not punitive rejection. |
| cloud of witnesses | νέφος μαρτύρων | şahidlər buludu | shah-heed-LAIR boo-loo-DOO | Medium | Faith of the Old Testament Saints; Perseverance | — | 12:1 | Vivid, low-risk metaphor building on ch. 11. |
| Melchizedek | Μελχισέδεκ | Melkisedek | mel-kee-seh-DEK | Medium | Christ as the Great High Priest | — | 5:6,10; 6:20; 7:1-17 | Proper name; unfamiliar figure requiring OT background teaching, not a lexical collision risk. |
| Moses (in comparative argument) | Μωϋσῆς | Musa | moo-SAH | High (doctrine, not lexical) | Superiority of Christ over Moses | — | 3:2-3,5,16; 7:14; 8:5; 9:19; 10:28; 11:23-24; 12:21 | Established Bible/Qur’anic-shared proper name; the doctrinal risk is the superiority-argument framing, not the name itself. |
| mercy seat / atonement cover | ἱλαστήριον | kəffarə taxtı | kaf-fah-RAH takh-TUH | Critical | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice; Christ as Great High Priest | — | 9:5 | Concrete OT furniture-term underlying the propitiation doctrine; keep terminologically linked to the kəffarə entry above. |
| ceremonial washings | βαπτισμοί | mərasim yuyunmaları | mah-rah-SEEM yoo-yoon-mah-lah-RUH | Medium | New Covenant versus the Old | — | 9:10 | Deliberately distinct from the Christian sacrament of baptism; do not merge terminology. |
| new and living way | ὁδὸς πρόσφατος καὶ ζῶσα | yeni və diri yol | yeh-NEE vah dee-REE yol | High | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | — | 10:20 | Positive image of opened access, complementing the mediator/intercession doctrine. |
| curtain (=his flesh) | καταπέτασμα | pərdə (Onun bədəni) | par-DAH | Critical | Access to God through Christ’s Blood; The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | — | 6:19; 9:3; 10:20 | Christ’s crucified body identified typologically with the torn tabernacle curtain. |
| blood of the covenant | αἷμα τῆς διαθήκης | əhdin qanı | akh-DEEN gah-NUH | Critical | New Covenant versus the Old; Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | — | 9:20; 13:20 (əbədi əhdin qanı) | Must be rendered identically wherever the phrase recurs; ties to Words-of-Institution tradition. |
| appear / appearing (of Christ) | ἐμφανίζω / ὀφθήσεται | görünmək / peyda olmaq | gyur-ewn-MAKH | High | Christ as Great High Priest; Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | ”zühur (etmək)” (REJECTED — heavily associated with the awaited eschatological appearance/return of the Twelfth Imam Mahdi in Shia doctrine) | 9:24,28 | Must never use zühur for Christ’s heavenly presentation or second coming. |
| suffer (Christ’s passion) | πάσχειν | əzab çəkmək | ah-ZAHB chak-MAKH | Critical | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice; ties Resurrection doctrine | — | 2:18; 5:8; 9:26; 13:12 | Presupposes real, historical suffering-unto-death; never a no-death framing. |
| bear the sins of many | ἀναφέρειν ἁμαρτίας πολλῶν | çoxlarının günahını öz üzərinə götürmə | chokh-lah-ruh-NUHN goo-nah-huh-NUH | Critical | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | — | 9:28 | Substitutionary-atonement climax phrase; echoes Isaiah 53. |
| endured the cross | ὑπέμεινεν σταυρόν | çarpayıya (xaça) çəkilməyə dözdü | khah-CHAH chah-keel-mah-YAH | Critical | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice; ties Resurrection/Incarnation doctrine | — | 12:2 | Real crucifixion; sharp point of confrontation with Qur’an 4:157’s death-denial, parallel in weight to the baseline Resurrection entry. |
| sacrifice of praise | θυσία αἰνέσεως | tərif (həmd) qurbanı | tah-REEF koor-bah-NUH | Medium | New Covenant versus the Old (spiritualized worship) | — | 13:15 | Constructive bridge-term distinguishing ongoing Christian praise-”sacrifice” from the literal, repeatable Qurban Bayramı animal sacrifice. |
| Great Shepherd of the sheep | ποιμὴν τῶν προβάτων ὁ μέγας | qoyunların Böyük Çobanı | goh-yoon-lah-RUHN buh-YEWK choh-bah-NUH | Medium | Perseverance and Assurance; ties Resurrection doctrine | — | 13:20 | Pastoral closing image following the resurrection reference. |
| unshakeable kingdom | βασιλεία ἀσάλευτος | sarsılmaz Padşahlıq | sahr-suhl-MAHZ pahd-shah-LUHK | Medium | Kingdom doctrine (baseline-adjacent) | — | 12:28 | Extends baseline Allahın Padşahlığı with an added never-shaken qualifier. |
| Mount Zion / heavenly Jerusalem | Σιὼν ὄρος / Ἰερουσαλὴμ ἐπουρανίῳ | Sion dağı / Səmavi Yerusəlim | see-OHN dah-GHUH | Medium | New Covenant versus the Old | — | 12:22 | Theological/typological geography; explicitly distinguish from contemporary political Israel references per baseline caution. |
| sprinkled blood (speaking a better word) | αἷμα ῥαντισμοῦ | səpilmiş qan | sah-peel-MEESH gahn | Critical | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | — | 12:24; cf. 9:13,19,21; 10:22 | Ties the sprinkling-ritual vocabulary of ch. 9 to the letter’s climactic Mount Zion passage. |
C. Structural / Cross-Reference Notes for Phase 2
- Qurban / Kəffarə pairing. Because both “sacrifice” (Qurban) and “propitiation” (Kəffarə) draw on Azerbaijani vocabulary with strong independent Islamic devotional and legal associations, every Phase 2 segment containing either term must be flagged for human theologian review, per the same escalation logic the baseline applies to Grace-vs-merit contrasts.
- ἅπαξ consistency. “Bir dəfə (həmişəlik)” must appear identically at every occurrence (6:4; 7:27; 9:7,12,26,27,28; 10:2,10; 12:26) — this phrase is Hebrews’ load-bearing counter-argument to both the repeated Levitical sacrifices and the culturally repeated Qurban Bayramı pattern.
- κρείττων consistency. “Daha yaxşı / üstün” must appear identically at every occurrence, since the entire book’s rhetorical architecture (superiority over angels, Moses, Levitical priesthood — the curriculum’s first named doctrine) depends on this repeated comparative.
- zühur exclusion. No occurrence of Christ’s appearing (9:24, 9:28) or return may use “zühur,” matching the same forbidden-substitution logic the baseline applies to nur, şəfaət, təvəssül, qismət, and Cəbrail.
- Vasitəçi/Vasitəçilik alignment. The new agent-noun Vasitəçi (mediator, 8:6; 9:15; 12:24) must be recognized by Phase 2 tooling as derivationally linked to the baseline’s fixed Vasitəçilik (intercession, 7:25), so that both are flagged together whenever either appears in a segment.
- Apostasy-cluster cultural-legal flag. παραπίπτω (6:6), ἑκουσίως ἁμαρτάνω (10:26), and ὑποστέλλω (10:38-39) must each carry the same pastoral/legal-safety flag the baseline applies to evangelism passages (Romans 10:14-15), given the acute social and familial weight of apostasy from Islam in the destination culture.
This glossary must be merged into translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json at Phase 1 Step 8 (Core Glossary finalization) before Phase 2 segment translation begins. All Critical and High risk new terms require human theologian review before their first Phase 2 use, per the baseline’s Glossary Enforcement Priority Order.
Critical Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: Allah
Transliteration: ahl-LAHKH
Doctrine: Deity of Christ / God
Rejected alternatives: Tanrı (Turkish convention, not IBT Azerbaijani usage)
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 1:1-2 contrasts God’s past speech through prophets with his final speech through the Son, reinforcing Allah as a God who speaks and acts in history.
Father
Approved rendering: Ata
Transliteration: ah-TAH
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family / Providence and Fatherly Discipline
Rejected alternatives: Yaradan (Creator, avoided to prevent retreating from relational language)
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 12:5-11’s discipline doctrine intensifies the relational father-child dynamic; must not retreat to an impersonal Yaradan substitute.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Müqəddəs Ruh
Transliteration: myoo-kad-DASS ROOKH
Doctrine: Sanctification / Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: Cəbrail (the archangel Gabriel)
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον / πνεῦμα αἰώνιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 9:14’s ‘eternal Spirit’ (πνεῦμα αἰώνιον) must be taught as this same divine, personal third Person of the Trinity empowering Christ’s self-offering, never an impersonal force or Cəbrail. Also active at 2:4; 3:7; 6:4; 10:15,29.
Jesus
Approved rendering: İsa
Transliteration: ee-SAH
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: bare ‘İsa Peyğəmbər’ (Prophet Jesus, without Məsih)
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Always pair İsa with Məsih in doctrinally significant Hebrews contexts (2:9; 3:1; 4:14; 6:20; 12:2,24; 13:8,12,20), given the letter’s sustained argument for his full deity and priesthood.
Messiah
Approved rendering: Məsih
Transliteration: mah-SEEKH
Doctrine: Messianic Promise / Christ as the Great High Priest
Rejected alternatives: sadəcə bir peyğəmbər (merely a prophet)
Inherited from Romans package. In Hebrews must additionally carry the letter’s high-priestly and covenant-mediator content, not only Davidic/atoning-savior content.
Lord
Approved rendering: Rəbb
Transliteration: RAHBB
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ağa (master, non-divine)
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Applied to Christ at 1:10; 2:3; 7:14; 13:20.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: Allahın Oğlu
Transliteration: ahl-lah-HUHN oh-loo
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Allahın sevimli qulu (God’s beloved servant)
Original: υἱός / υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 1:2-8’s angel-comparison sharpens the tawhid collision by placing the Son categorically above, not alongside, created beings who worship him. Also at 4:14; 5:5,8; 6:6; 7:3,28.
Salvation
Approved rendering: Xilas
Transliteration: khee-LAHS
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: nicat (Imamate-intercession framing), cənnətə girmək (entering paradise)
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Present at 1:14; 2:3,10; 5:9; 6:9; 7:25; 9:28; never nicat-framed.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: Salehlik
Transliteration: sah-lehk-LEEK
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: saleh əməllər (righteous deeds, as the ground itself)
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Present at 1:9; 5:13; 7:2; 11:7,33; 12:11; never presented as deeds-based standing.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: Diriliş
Transliteration: dee-ree-LEESH
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: göyə qaldırılma (raised to heaven without dying)
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. Present at 6:2; 11:35; 13:20; presupposes real, historical, prior death throughout Hebrews’ argument, per the forbidden-substitution rule against Qur’an 4:157’s death-denial.
Intercession
Approved rendering: Vasitəçilik
Transliteration: vah-see-tah-chee-LEEK
Doctrine: Intercession of Christ
Rejected alternatives: şəfaət (Shia Imam intercession), təvəssül (saintly mediated access)
Original: ἐντυγχάνειν
Category: Access to God
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 7:25, ‘he always lives to make intercession,’ is the letter’s key intercession verse, the direct counterpart to Romans 8:34. Every occurrence requires the mandatory explicit distinction from şəfaət and təvəssül.
Radiance Of Glory
Approved rendering: Ehtişamının əksi
Transliteration: eh-htee-shah-muh-NUHN ak-SEE
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: nur (Shia Nur-i Məhəmmədi ‘Light of the Imams’ association)
Original: ἀπαύγασμα
Category: Christology
Hebrews 1:3. Christ as the effulgence shining forth from God’s own glory. Built on the fixed baseline Ehtişam; never render with nur.
Exact Imprint
Approved rendering: mahiyyətinin dəqiq ifadəsi
Transliteration: mah-hee-yah-tee-NEEN da-GEEK ee-fah-dah-SEE
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: surət (image/likeness — mild aniconism-sensitivity risk)
Original: χαρακτήρ
Category: Christology
Hebrews 1:3 (χαρακτήρ). Claims Christ perfectly represents/embodies God’s own nature. Abstract-noun rendering preferred over an image-word.
Worship Of Christ
Approved rendering: ibadət etmək / səcdə qılmaq
Transliteration: ee-bah-DAHT et-MAKH / sadj-DAH guhl-MAKH
Doctrine: Superiority of Christ over Angels / Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: hörmət etmək (honor — softens the exclusive-worship claim), təzim etmək / önündə əyilmək (JW/NWT-family softening)
Original: προσκυνέω
Category: Christology
Hebrews 1:6: all God’s angels are commanded to worship the Son. The single sharpest tawhid-collision point in the letter — ibadət/səcdə are reserved exclusively for Allah in Azerbaijani religious vocabulary. Must not be softened. Confront directly in teaching material, not the translation.
Perfection
Approved rendering: kamil / kamilləşdirmək
Transliteration: kah-MEEL / kah-meel-lash-deer-MAKH
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Rejected alternatives: kamil insan framing as a standalone gloss (avoid Sufi mystical-attainment association)
Original: τελειόω / τέλειος
Category: Christology
Signature Hebrews vocabulary (2:10; 5:9,14; 6:1; 7:11,19,28; 9:9,11; 10:1,14; 11:40; 12:2,23). Applied first to Christ’s priestly qualification, then to believers’ completed standing — never an attainable mystical state.
Immutability Of Christ
Approved rendering: İsa Məsih dünən, bu gün və əbədi olaraq eynidir
Transliteration: n/a — fixed liturgical phrase
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: a flattening of the verse into a platitude about Christ’s unchanging character alone, losing the eternality claim
Original: Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς ἐχθὲς καὶ σήμερον ὁ αὐτός, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας
Category: Christology
Hebrews 13:8. High-use pastoral verse requiring identical rendering wherever quoted across the whole curriculum; preserve both the character-constancy and the eternality claim.
Suffer
Approved rendering: əzab çəkmək
Transliteration: a-ZAHB chak-MAKH
Doctrine: Incarnation and Humanity of Christ
Original: πάσχειν
Category: Christology
Hebrews 2:18; 5:8; 9:26; 13:12. Presupposes real, historical suffering unto death; never a no-death framing, per the baseline’s forbidden-substitution rule (Qur’an 4:157).
Endured The Cross
Approved rendering: çarpayıya (xaça) çəkilməyə dözdü, rüsvayçılığa məhəl qoymadı
Transliteration: khah-CHAH chah-keel-mah-YAH duhz-DOO
Doctrine: Incarnation and Humanity of Christ
Original: ὑπέμεινεν σταυρόν, καταφρονήσας αἰσχύνης
Category: Christology
Hebrews 12:2. Christ’s real, historical, shameful crucifixion, contrasted with subsequent glory — the sharpest available form of the Qur’an 4:157 death-denial collision. Also surfaces honor/shame dynamics significant in Azerbaijani social culture.
Taste Death
Approved rendering: ölümü dadmaq
Transliteration: oh-lyoo-MOO dahd-MAHKH
Doctrine: Incarnation and Humanity of Christ
Original: γεύεσθαι θανάτου
Category: Christology
Hebrews 2:9. Christ’s real, experienced death for everyone; reinforces the necessity of a genuine prior death before resurrection.
High Priest
Approved rendering: Baş kahin
Transliteration: bahsh kah-HEEN
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Rejected alternatives: imam (Shia infallible spiritual-political successor line)
Original: ἀρχιερεύς
Category: Priesthood
Central office-title of the whole letter (2:17; 3:1; 4:14-15; 5:1,5,10; 6:20; 7:26-28; 8:1,3; 9:7,11,25; 10:21). Must never be softened into a generic ‘spiritual leader’ term or read as a continuing succession like the Imamate; the office is unique and terminal.
Sacrifice
Approved rendering: Qurban / qurban etmək, təqdim etmək
Transliteration: koor-BAHN
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: θυσία / προσφέρω
Category: Sacrifice
CRITICAL: Qurban is the same word used for Qurban Bayramı (Eid al-Adha), a beloved, repeatable, family-and-community-centered annual ritual. Every doctrinally significant occurrence (5:1; 7:27; 8:3; 9:9,23,26,28; 10:1,5,8,11-12,26; 11:4; 13:15-16) must be explicitly anchored to ‘bir dəfə (həmişəlik)’ to prevent assimilation into the familiar repeatable-ritual pattern. Route every occurrence to human theologian review.
Propitiation
Approved rendering: Kəffarə (etmək)
Transliteration: kaf-fah-RAH
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Rejected alternatives: əvəzləyici ödəniş (substitutionary payment — too commercial/impersonal)
Original: ἱλάσκομαι / ἱλαστήριον
Category: Sacrifice
Hebrews 2:17; 9:5. Kəffarə is an established Islamic legal-religious term for compensatory expiation normally discharged by the believer’s own further religious acts. Must be anchored explicitly to Christ’s completed, once-for-all self-offering in every occurrence — never presented as a repeatable human religious obligation. Use completed-action grammar only.
Mercy Seat
Approved rendering: Kəffarə taxtı
Transliteration: kaf-fah-RAH takh-TUH
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice / Christ as the Great High Priest
Original: ἱλαστήριον
Category: Sacrifice
Hebrews 9:5. The atonement-cover of the ark; built on the fixed Kəffarə root so readers can connect the concrete OT object to the doctrinal category.
Redemption
Approved rendering: Satınalma
Transliteration: sah-tuhn-ahl-MAH
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice / Assurance of Salvation
Rejected alternatives: fəda (Shia Karbala/Hussein martyrdom-devotional ‘fəda olmaq’ self-sacrifice language)
Original: λύτρωσις / ἀπολύτρωσις
Category: Sacrifice
Hebrews 9:12,15 (λύτρωσις / ἀπολύτρωσις). Distinct from Xilas (salvation, the received outcome) — carries specifically the ransom-price-paid sense.
Eternal Redemption
Approved rendering: əbədi satınalma
Transliteration: a-ba-DEE sah-tuhn-ahl-MAH
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: αἰωνία λύτρωσις
Category: Sacrifice
Hebrews 9:12. The permanent, once-secured deliverance accomplished by Christ’s own blood; must not be collapsed into Xilas alone nor rendered with fatalistic qismət-adjacent phrasing.
Blood
Approved rendering: qan
Transliteration: GAHN
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: αἷμα
Category: Sacrifice
The most repeated concrete noun in the core passage (9:12-22 and throughout); keep as a plain, forensic/sacrificial term, never softened or substituted.
Blood Of The Covenant
Approved rendering: əhdin qanı
Transliteration: akh-DEEN gah-NUH
Doctrine: New Covenant versus the Old / The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: αἷμα τῆς διαθήκης
Category: Sacrifice
Hebrews 9:20; cf. 13:20’s ‘blood of the eternal covenant.’ Must be rendered identically wherever the phrase recurs; echoes Exodus 24:8 and the Words of Institution.
Shedding Of Blood
Approved rendering: qan tökülməsi
Transliteration: gahn tuh-kewl-mah-SEE
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: αἱματεκχυσία
Category: Sacrifice
Hebrews 9:22. Doctrinal center of gravity for the whole atonement argument; must not be softened into a metaphor for generic self-sacrifice or good deeds.
Sprinkled Blood Speaking
Approved rendering: səpilmiş qan
Transliteration: sa-peel-MEESH gahn
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: αἷμα ῥαντισμοῦ
Category: Sacrifice
Hebrews 12:24. Christ’s blood, unlike Abel’s cry for vengeance, speaks a message of grace; ties sprinkling vocabulary of ch.9 to the letter’s climactic Mount Zion passage.
Once For All
Approved rendering: bir dəfə (həmişəlik)
Transliteration: beer da-FA hah-mee-sha-LEEK
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Rejected alternatives: təkrarsız (less clear for general readers than the fuller phrase)
Original: ἅπαξ / ἐφάπαξ
Category: Sacrifice
6:4; 7:27; 9:7,12,26,27,28; 10:2,10; 12:26. The single most doctrinally load-bearing recurring phrase in the letter. Must be rendered identically at every occurrence and unmistakably exclude repetition, countering both the Levitical sacrificial pattern and the culturally repeated Qurban Bayramı pattern. The bracketed intensifier (həmişəlik) is a fixed, non-optional component, never dropped.
Better Comparative
Approved rendering: daha yaxşı / üstün
Transliteration: dah-HAH yakh-SHUH / ews-TEWN
Doctrine: The Superiority of Christ over Angels, Moses, and the Levitical Priesthood
Rejected alternatives: inconsistent synonyms (daha üstün, daha güclü) — forbidden drift
Original: κρείττων
Category: Christology
Structural keyword of the letter’s superiority argument (1:4; 6:9; 7:7,19,22; 8:6; 9:23; 10:34; 11:16,35,40; 12:24; ~13 occurrences). Must be rendered identically at every occurrence, and must convey eternal, ontological superiority already latent in the Son’s nature, not a status conferred after the fact (guard against JW/NWT-family promotion-language patterns).
Curtain
Approved rendering: pərdə (Onun bədəni)
Transliteration: par-DAH
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: καταπέτασμα
Category: Sacrifice
Hebrews 6:19; 9:3; 10:20. Tabernacle’s dividing veil, typologically identified with Christ’s own crucified body. The appositive gloss ‘(Onun bədəni)’ is a fixed part of the rendering, not an optional footnote.
Bear Sins Of Many
Approved rendering: çoxlarının günahını öz üzərinə götürmə
Transliteration: chokh-lah-ruh-NUHN goo-nah-huh-NUH uz uh-za-ree-NA gyu-tewr-MA
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: ἀναφέρειν ἁμαρτίας πολλῶν
Category: Sacrifice
Hebrews 9:28. Substitutionary-atonement climax phrase echoing Isaiah 53; must not be softened to ‘sympathized with sinners’ or a generic moral example.
Mediator
Approved rendering: Vasitəçi
Transliteration: vah-see-tah-CHEE
Doctrine: New Covenant versus the Old / Intercession of Christ
Rejected alternatives: şəfaətçi (Shia Imamate-intercession agent-noun), vəli (Sufi/folk saint-patron figure, övliya-adjacent)
Original: μεσίτης
Category: Covenant
Hebrews 8:6; 9:15; 12:24. Agent-noun form of the baseline’s fixed Vasitəçilik. Sharpest collision-point term in the book; must be sharply distinguished from şəfaət and təvəssül in every occurrence — Christ is the sole go-between, not one mediator among several.
Source Of Eternal Salvation
Approved rendering: əbədi xilasın mənbəyi
Transliteration: a-ba-DEE khee-lah-SUHN man-ba-YEE
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: αἴτιος σωτηρίας αἰωνίου
Category: Salvation
Hebrews 5:9. Christ as the ground and origin of salvation for all who obey him; ties directly to the fixed Xilas rendering.
Better Resurrection
Approved rendering: daha yaxşı diriliş
Transliteration: dah-HAH yakh-SHUH dee-ree-LEESH
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Original: κρείττων ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
Hebrews 11:35. Resurrection to eternal life and reward, as opposed to mere resuscitation; combines the fixed Diriliş with the letter’s kreittōn superiority keyword.
Fall Away Apostasy
Approved rendering: imandan dönmək
Transliteration: ee-mahn-DAHN dyun-MAKH
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Rejected alternatives: irtidad (the standard Islamic legal term for apostasy, carrying severe social/familial/legal-penal weight)
Original: παραπίπτω
Category: Apostasy
Hebrews 6:6. Most legally and culturally sensitive term in the book. Requires the same Critical, theologian-review weight as the baseline’s Assurance-of-Salvation entry, plus mandatory explicit pastoral/legal-safety framing in surrounding teaching material.
Deliberate Sin
Approved rendering: bilə-bilə günah etmək
Transliteration: bee-lah-bee-LAH goo-NAHKH et-MAKH
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Original: ἑκουσίως ἁμαρτάνοντες
Category: Apostasy
Hebrews 10:26. Knowing, deliberate, unrepentant rejection of the truth after receiving it — the letter’s sharpest post-conversion warning; same cultural-legal sensitivity flag as fall_away_apostasy.
Shrink Back
Approved rendering: geri çəkilmək
Transliteration: gyeh-REE cha-keel-MAKH
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance / The Danger of Apostasy
Original: ὑποστολή / ὑποστέλλω
Category: Apostasy
Hebrews 10:38-39. Cowardly retreat from faith under pressure, opposite of endurance; ties directly to apostasy-warning vocabulary.
High Risk Terms
Faith
Approved rendering: İman
Transliteration: ee-MAHN
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Rejected alternatives: etiqad (doctrinal conviction/creed)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 11 is the letter’s programmatic definition passage; the repeated anaphoric ‘By faith’ (Πίστει) formula (~18 occurrences) must render İmanla identically every time.
Grace
Approved rendering: Lütf
Transliteration: LYUTF
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: mərhəmət (mercy), kərəm (devotional generosity)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Present at 2:9; 4:16; 10:29; 12:15,28; 13:9,25; combines with the new ‘throne of grace’ compound below.
Holy
Approved rendering: Müqəddəs
Transliteration: myoo-kad-DASS
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: təmiz (ritually clean)
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Extensively used of both persons and sanctuary spaces (2:11; 3:1; 9:2-3,8,12,24-25; 10:10,14,19,29; 12:10,14; 13:12).
Sanctification
Approved rendering: Təqdisetmə
Transliteration: tag-dees-et-MAY
Doctrine: Sanctification through Christ’s Blood
Rejected alternatives: paklanma (ritual purification)
Original: ἁγιασμός / ἁγιάζω
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 9:13-14 sharply contrasts external ritual sanctification with the deeper conscience-cleansing Christ’s blood accomplishes. Also at 2:11; 10:10,14,29; 13:12.
Covenant
Approved rendering: Əhd
Transliteration: AKHD
Doctrine: New Covenant versus the Old
Rejected alternatives: müqavilə (bare commercial contract)
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package (baseline risk: Medium); risk tier elevated to High for Hebrews given the term’s centrality to the letter’s dominant structural argument (chs. 7-10, 12:24, 13:20). This elevation extends rather than contradicts the baseline.
Law
Approved rendering: Qanun
Transliteration: kah-NOON
Doctrine: New Covenant versus the Old
Rejected alternatives: şəriət (Islamic religious law)
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Never şəriət. Reaffirmed in its founding Sinai context at 7:5,12,16,19,28; 8:4,10; 9:19,22; 10:1,8,28.
Sin
Approved rendering: Günah
Transliteration: goo-NAHKH
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability and Judgment
Rejected alternatives: xəta (mistake/error)
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. Present at 1:3; 2:17; 3:13; 4:15; 9:26,28; 10:2-4,17-18,26; 11:25; 12:1,4; 13:11.
Glory
Approved rendering: Ehtişam
Transliteration: eh-htee-SHAHM
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: nur (Shia Nur-i Məhəmmədi association)
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Present at 1:3; 2:7,9-10; 3:3; 9:5; 13:21. Underlies the new ‘radiance of glory’ compound below; never render with nur.
Called
Approved rendering: Çağırılmış
Transliteration: chah-guh-ruhl-MUSH
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: dəvət olunmuş (invited)
Inherited from Romans package. Present at 3:1; 5:4 (Christ’s own priestly appointment); 9:15 (believers’ salvation-calling).
Calling
Approved rendering: Çağırış
Transliteration: chah-guh-RUHSH
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: dəvət
Original: κλῆσις / κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package.
Providence
Approved rendering: Allahın tədbiri
Transliteration: ahl-lah-HUHN tad-bee-REE
Doctrine: Providence and Fatherly Discipline
Rejected alternatives: qismət, alın yazısı (fate written on the forehead)
Original: ἀπόκειται (9:27) / παιδεία (12:5-11)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Extended in Hebrews to 9:27 (‘it is appointed’) and 12:5-11 (fatherly discipline); never qismət or alın yazısı.
Abba
Approved rendering: Abba
Transliteration: AH-bah
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Inherited from Romans package. No direct Hebrews occurrence, but the letter’s discipline doctrine (12:7,9) deliberately echoes the same Father-intimacy theme established at Romans 8:15; retained here for cross-curriculum consistency, not for new translation.
Prophet
Approved rendering: Peyğəmbər
Transliteration: pay-gam-BAIR
Doctrine: Inspiration and Living Word of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: falçı (fortune-teller)
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 1:1 opens the letter contrasting God’s past speech through prophets with his final speech through the Son; ensure the text distinguishes their role from Christ’s own greater identity.
Living God
Approved rendering: var olan Allah / diri Allah
Transliteration: vahr oh-LAHN ahl-LAHKH / dee-REE ahl-LAHKH
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability and Judgment
Original: Θεὸς ζῶν
Category: God
God as personally active, contrasted with dead works and dead idols (3:12; 9:14; 10:31; 12:22). New Hebrews-specific extension of the baseline God entry.
Sat Down Session
Approved rendering: (sağ tərəfində) oturdu
Transliteration: sahgh ta-ra-feen-DAH oh-toor-DOO
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: ἐκάθισεν
Category: Christology
Hebrews 1:3; 8:1; 10:12; 12:2. Completed, resting posture at God’s right hand, contrasted with priests who never sit because their work is never finished (10:11).
Pioneer Founder
Approved rendering: Başçı
Transliteration: bahsh-CHUH
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: ἀρχηγός
Category: Christology
Hebrews 2:10; 12:2 (paired with ‘perfecter’). Christ as the trailblazing leader of salvation and of faith, who leads the way through suffering to glory.
Learned Obedience
Approved rendering: əzab çəkməklə itaəti öyrəndi
Transliteration: a-ZAHB chak-mak-LAH ee-tah-a-TEE oy-ran-DEE
Doctrine: Incarnation and Humanity of Christ
Original: ἔμαθεν … τὴν ὑπακοήν
Category: Christology
Hebrews 5:8. Must be taught carefully so as not to imply Christ was ever morally deficient; the learning is experiential/relational, not moral correction. Route for theologian review alongside Incarnation doctrine.
Appearing
Approved rendering: görünmək / peyda olmaq
Transliteration: gyoo-rewn-MAKH / pay-DAH ohl-MAHKH
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest / The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Rejected alternatives: zühur (etmək) — REJECTED, heavily associated with the awaited eschatological return of the Twelfth Imam Mahdi in Shia doctrine
Original: ἐμφανίζω / ὀφθήσεται
Category: Christology
Hebrews 9:24 (heavenly presentation), 9:28 (second coming). Never use zühur at either occurrence.
Priest
Approved rendering: Kahin
Transliteration: kah-HEEN
Doctrine: Superiority of Christ over the Levitical Priesthood
Original: ἱερεύς
Category: Priesthood
The ordinary Levitical/Melchizedekian priestly office (5:6; 7:1,3,11,14-15,17,20-21,23; 8:4; 10:11), distinguished from Baş kahin.
Priesthood
Approved rendering: Kahinlik
Transliteration: kah-heen-LEEK
Doctrine: Superiority of Christ over the Levitical Priesthood
Original: ἱερωσύνη
Category: Priesthood
The priestly office/system itself, contrasted between Levitical and Melchizedekian orders (7:11-12,14,24).
Moses
Approved rendering: Musa
Transliteration: moo-SAH
Doctrine: Superiority of Christ over Moses
Original: Μωϋσῆς
Category: Covenant
Established Bible/Qur’anic-shared proper name (3:2-3,5,16; 7:14; 8:5; 9:19; 10:28; 11:23-24; 12:21). The doctrinal risk lies in the superiority-argument framing (Moses as faithful servant vs. Christ as Son who built and rules the house), not the name itself; must not read as demoting Musa’s genuine honor.
Apostle Of Confession
Approved rendering: (iqrarımızın) Həvəri və Baş Kahini
Transliteration: eek-rah-ruh-muh-ZUHN heh-va-REE va bahsh kah-hee-NEE
Doctrine: Superiority of Christ over Moses / Christ as the Great High Priest
Hebrews 3:1. Christ named ‘the Apostle and High Priest of our confession’ — a unique application of Həvari distinct from human həvarilər (baseline Apostleship category). Must not drift toward an Islamic rasul/prophet-messenger reading.
Eternal Inheritance
Approved rendering: əbədi irs
Transliteration: a-ba-DEE eers
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Hebrews 9:15. Ties to κληρονόμος (‘heir’, ch.1); full inheritance-rights language, resonant with but distinct from the baseline’s adoption doctrine.
Without Blemish
Approved rendering: qüsursuz
Transliteration: gyoo-soor-SOOZ
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: ἄμωμος
Category: Sacrifice
Hebrews 9:14. Sacrificial-animal qualification-standard applied to Christ’s moral sinlessness — a direct theological claim of sinlessness, not merely ritual fitness.
Altar
Approved rendering: qurbangah
Transliteration: koor-bahn-GAH
Doctrine: Christ-Centered Priestly Ministry and Worship
Original: θυσιαστήριον
Category: Sacrifice
Hebrews 13:10. Lexically adjacent to Qurban; pair any occurrence with an explicit once-for-all qualifier in surrounding teaching text to avoid reinforcing the ritual-repetition association.
New Covenant
Approved rendering: Yeni Əhd
Transliteration: yeh-NEE akhd
Doctrine: New Covenant versus the Old
Original: καινὴ διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Hebrews 8:8-13; 9:15; 12:24. The covenant inaugurated by Christ’s death, superior to and replacing the Mosaic covenant’s ceremonial-typological system.
First Covenant
Approved rendering: Birinci Əhd (Köhnə Əhd)
Transliteration: bee-reen-JEE akhd (kuh-na akhd)
Doctrine: New Covenant versus the Old
Original: πρώτη διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Hebrews 9:15,18. Must not be confused with a claim that the OT Scriptures themselves are discarded — only the ceremonial-typological system is superseded.
Covenant Will Wordplay
Approved rendering: əhd / vəsiyyət (context-dependent)
Transliteration: akhd / va-see-YAHT
Doctrine: New Covenant versus the Old
Original: διαθήκη (dual sense)
Category: Covenant
Hebrews 9:16-17 only. Azerbaijani əhd has no testamentary/last-will sense; vəsiyyət is a bounded, two-verse exception required to carry the Greek διαθήκη wordplay, flagged as a translation-strategy decision point requiring human theologian sign-off, not a doctrinal substitution. Never disturbs the fixed Əhd rendering elsewhere.
Made Obsolete
Approved rendering: köhnəlmiş (əvvəlki)
Transliteration: kuh-nal-MEESH (av-val-KEE)
Doctrine: New Covenant versus the Old
Original: πεπαλαίωκεν
Category: Covenant
Hebrews 8:13. Applies only to the Sinai covenant’s ceremonial-typological system, not a claim that the OT Scriptures themselves are discarded (a live tahrif-adjacent sensitivity).
Law Written On Hearts
Approved rendering: ürəklərə yazılan qanunlar
Transliteration: ew-rak-la-RA yah-zuh-LAHN kah-noon-LAHR
Doctrine: New Covenant versus the Old
Original: νόμοι … ἐπὶ καρδίας
Category: Covenant
Hebrews 8:10; 10:16 (Jeremiah 31 quotation). A genuinely new category of internalized covenant-obedience; contrast carefully with external ritual/legal-compliance emphases without caricaturing Islamic piety’s own interior-devotion (ihsan) tradition.
Forgiveness
Approved rendering: bağışlanma
Transliteration: bah-uhsh-lahn-MAH
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Rejected alternatives: pis əməllərdən təmizlənmə (loose ‘clean slate’ idiom that loses the blood-basis)
Original: ἄφεσις
Category: Salvation
Hebrews 9:22; 10:18. Distinct from the baseline’s forensic Saleh sayılma (justification) — this is the removal/cancellation side of salvation, dependent on shed blood, not the forensic-declaration side.
Judgment
Approved rendering: mühakimə (hökm)
Transliteration: moo-hah-kee-MA (hyukm)
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability and Judgment
Original: κρίσις
Category: Eschatology
Hebrews 9:27; cf. 10:27. Hebrews’ immediate juxtaposition with 9:28’s ‘no further judgment for believers’ sharpens a distinctive assurance claim beyond broadly shared eschatological conviction.
Appointed For Death
Approved rendering: müəyyən edilmişdir (təyin edilmişdir)
Transliteration: moo-ay-YAN e-deel-meesh-DEER
Doctrine: Providence and Fatherly Discipline
Rejected alternatives: qismət, yazılmışdır (fatalistic ‘it is written’)
Original: ἀπόκειται
Category: Eschatology
Hebrews 9:27. Must be rendered as a settled divine ordinance, a purposive decision, never folk fatalism, per the baseline’s Providence forbidden-substitution rule.
Hypostasis Assurance
Approved rendering: əminlik
Transliteration: a-meen-LEEK
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Rejected alternatives: hiss (feeling — too subjective)
Original: ὑπόστασις
Category: Faith
Hebrews 11:1. Programmatic definition-term for faith’s certainty; avoid wording implying blind or evidence-less belief.
Full Assurance
Approved rendering: tam əminlik
Transliteration: tahm a-meen-LEEK
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: πληροφορία
Category: Faith
Hebrews 6:11; 10:22. Settled, confident certainty, not probabilistic hope; ties Assurance to Christ’s finished work rather than a hoped-for, uncertain outcome.
Confidence Parrhesia
Approved rendering: cəsarət (açıq ürəklə)
Transliteration: ja-sah-RAHT (ah-CHUHK ew-rak-LA)
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: παρρησία
Category: Access to God
Hebrews 3:6; 4:16; 10:19,35. Bold, unashamed access before God; must be taught as a confident, not anxious, posture, always tied to Christ’s completed sacrifice as its ground.
Holy Places
Approved rendering: Müqəddəs yer / Ən Müqəddəs yer
Transliteration: myoo-kad-DASS yer / an myoo-kad-DASS yer
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: τὰ ἅγια / Ἅγια Ἁγίων
Category: Access to God
Hebrews 9:2-3,8,12,24-25. The Holy Place and Most Holy Place of the tabernacle; by extension the true heavenly sanctuary Christ entered.
Conscience
Approved rendering: vicdan
Transliteration: veej-DAHN
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Access to God
Hebrews 9:9,14; 10:2,22; 13:18. A genuinely new category for readers whose religious formation centers on external ritual observance and communal/clerical mediation; distinct from external ritual purification.
New And Living Way
Approved rendering: yeni və diri yol
Transliteration: yeh-NEE va dee-REE yohl
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: ὁδὸς πρόσφατος καὶ ζῶσα
Category: Access to God
Hebrews 10:20. Fresh, life-giving access into God’s presence opened by Christ’s death; positive image of opened access.
Throne Of Grace
Approved rendering: lütf taxtı
Transliteration: lyutf takh-TUH
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: θρόνος τῆς χάριτος
Category: Access to God
Hebrews 4:16. Combines the baseline Grace term with royal-access imagery; place of confident, direct access to God for mercy and help.
Hold Fast Confession
Approved rendering: (iqrarımızdan) möhkəm tutaq
Transliteration: eek-rah-ruh-muhz-DAHN muhkh-KAM too-TAHK
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: κατέχωμεν (τὴν ὁμολογίαν)
Category: Perseverance
Hebrews 4:14; 10:23. Perseverance in publicly professed faith, given added weight by the apostasy-warning context.
Endurance
Approved rendering: dözüm
Transliteration: duh-ZEEM
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Rejected alternatives: səbir (the major Islamic virtue-term for patience before divine decree — reserve for non-doctrinal general register only)
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Perseverance
Hebrews 10:36; 12:1. Prefer dözüm to keep distinctly Christ-grounded perseverance distinguishable from generic devotional patience.
Hardening Of Heart
Approved rendering: ürəyi bərkitmək (sərtləşdirmək)
Transliteration: ew-ra-YEE bar-keet-MAKH (sart-lash-deer-MAKH)
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Original: σκληρύνω
Category: Apostasy
Hebrews 3:8,13,15; 4:7 (quoting Psalm 95). Willful, repeated resistance to God’s voice; central to the letter’s apostasy-warning structure.
Unbelief
Approved rendering: imansızlıq
Transliteration: ee-mahn-suhz-LUHK
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Original: ἀπιστία
Category: Apostasy
Hebrews 3:12,19. Opposite of İman; first occurrence of the letter’s central warning-passage vocabulary.
Rest
Approved rendering: istirahət / Şənbə istirahəti
Transliteration: ees-tee-rah-HAT / shan-BA ees-tee-rah-ha-TEE
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: κατάπαυσις / σαββατισμός
Category: Perseverance
Hebrews 3:11,18; 4:1-11. Final, complete eschatological rest still open to believers; must not be mapped onto the Islamic Friday communal-prayer rhythm or reduced to leisure — teach as a positive eschatological promise entered by faith.
Discipline
Approved rendering: tərbiyə (atalıq tərbiyəsi)
Transliteration: tar-bee-YAH (ah-tah-LUHK tar-bee-ya-SEE)
Doctrine: Providence and Fatherly Discipline
Original: παιδεία
Category: Providence
Hebrews 12:5,7-8,11. God’s fatherly, formative correction of his children; distinguish from harsh punitive discipline and from generic Islamic tərbiyə discourse, which lacks the adoptive-sonship theological freight.
Angel
Approved rendering: Mələk
Transliteration: ma-LAK
Doctrine: The Superiority of Christ over Angels
Original: ἄγγελος
Category: Christology
Hebrews 1:4-7,13; 2:2,5,7,9,16; 12:22; 13:2. Islam has a robust, named angelology (Cəbrail, Mikail, İsrafil, Əzrail); requires explicit teaching-note framing that angels are created, worshiping servants — Christ is not a superior angel but uncreated God the Son.
Word Of God Living Active
Approved rendering: Allahın sözü, diri və təsirli
Transliteration: ahl-lah-HUHN suh-ZEW, dee-REE va ta-seer-LEE
Doctrine: Inspiration and Living Word of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: Allahın kəlamı — AVOID: risks resonance with the Islamic theological category of kalam, the eternal uncreated Speech of Allah
Original: ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ ζῶν καὶ ἐνεργής
Category: Scripture
Hebrews 4:12; cf. 10:15; 11:3. Prefer ‘Allahın sözü’ consistently; avoid kəlam-family vocabulary throughout Hebrews. Reinforces that Scripture is presently active divine address, not a static or potentially-corrupted text.
Eagerly Waiting
Approved rendering: səbirsizliklə gözləyənlər
Transliteration: sa-beer-seez-leek-LA gyuz-la-yan-LAIR
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: ἀπεκδεχόμενοι
Category: Perseverance
Hebrews 9:28. Hopeful, confident expectation of Christ’s return, not anxious uncertainty about final standing.
Holy Innocent Unstained
Approved rendering: müqəddəs, qüsursuz, ləkəsiz, günahkarlardan ayrı
Transliteration: myoo-kad-DASS, gyoo-soor-SOOZ, la-ka-SEEZ, goo-nah-kahr-lahr-DAHN ai-RUH
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Original: ἅγιος, ἄκακος, ἀμίαντος, κεχωρισμένος ἀπὸ τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν
Category: Priesthood
Hebrews 7:26. Christ’s complete moral qualification as high priest, unlike every Levitical priest who first had to offer sacrifice for his own sin; directly grounds the Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice doctrine.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: Həvari
Transliteration: heh-vah-REE
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: peyğəmbər (prophet-messenger), imam (Shia infallible successor)
Original: ἀπόστολος καὶ ἀρχιερεύς
Category: Priesthood
Inherited from Romans package for the ordinary human-messenger sense. See the separate new entry ‘apostle_of_confession’ below for Hebrews 3:1’s unique application of this title to Christ himself, which must not be conflated with ordinary Həvarilər.
Israel
Approved rendering: İsrail
Transliteration: ees-rah-EEL
Doctrine: New Covenant versus the Old
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Present at 8:8,10 (Jeremiah 31 quotation); 11:22. Keep distinct from the ch.12 Mount Zion/heavenly Jerusalem political-sensitivity note below.
Peace
Approved rendering: Sülh
Transliteration: SYULKH
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Rejected alternatives: rahatlıq (inner calm/comfort)
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Access to God
Inherited from Romans package. Present at 7:2; 12:14; 13:20.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: Allahın Padşahlığı
Transliteration: ahl-lah-HUHN pahd-shah-luh-UH
Doctrine: The Unshakeable Kingdom of God
Rejected alternatives: Allahın dövləti (God’s state/nation)
Original: βασιλεία
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. Received by believers at 12:28; never dövlət. See ‘unshakeable_kingdom’ compound below.
Great Shepherd
Approved rendering: qoyunların Böyük Çobanı
Transliteration: go-yoon-lah-RUHN bu-YEWK cho-bah-NUH
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: ποιμὴν τῶν προβάτων ὁ μέγας
Category: Christology
Hebrews 13:20. Christ’s risen pastoral care over his people; warm, low-collision closing image tied to the resurrection doctrine.
Melchizedek
Approved rendering: Melkisedek
Transliteration: mel-kee-seh-DEK
Doctrine: The Melchizedekian Priesthood
Original: Μελχισέδεκ
Category: Priesthood
Proper name (5:6,10; 6:20; 7:1-17); unfamiliar OT figure requiring background teaching, not a lexical collision risk. Teaching material must state he is a distinct historical figure functioning typologically, not a Christophany or angelic pre-incarnation of Christ.
Order Of Melchizedek
Approved rendering: qayda (Melkisedekin qaydası üzrə)
Transliteration: ky-DAH mel-kee-seh-de-KEEN kai-dah-suh ewz-RA
Doctrine: The Melchizedekian Priesthood
Original: τάξις
Category: Priesthood
Hebrews 5:6; 7:11. A distinct priestly line/rank, non-hereditary; information-gap risk, not a doctrinal-collision risk.
Sprinkling
Approved rendering: səpmək / səpilmə
Transliteration: sap-MAKH / sa-peel-MAH
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: ῥαντισμός / ῥαντίζω
Category: Sacrifice
Hebrews 9:13,19,21; 10:22; 12:24. Unfamiliar OT ritual background; needs an explanatory footnote on first use rather than doctrinal substitution.
Copies And Shadow
Approved rendering: nümunə və kölgə
Transliteration: new-moo-NAH va kul-GAH
Doctrine: New Covenant versus the Old
Rejected alternatives: surət (image — mild aniconism-sensitivity risk)
Original: ὑπόδειγμα / σκιά
Category: Covenant
Hebrews 8:5; 9:23-24. Earthly representations of heavenly realities; plain ‘example/model’ preferred over an image-noun.
Sacrifice Of Praise
Approved rendering: tərif (həmd) qurbanı
Transliteration: ta-REEF (hamd) koor-bah-NUH
Doctrine: Christ-Centered Priestly Ministry and Worship
Original: θυσία αἰνέσεως
Category: Sacrifice
Hebrews 13:15. Constructive bridge-term distinguishing ongoing Christian praise-‘sacrifice’ from the literal, repeatable Qurban Bayramı animal sacrifice; care needed not to blur the already-established once-for-all finality.
Outside The Camp
Approved rendering: düşərgədən (darvazadan) kənarda
Transliteration: dew-shar-ga-DAN (dar-vah-zah-DAN) ka-nahr-DAH
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: ἔξω τῆς παρεμβολῆς / ἔξω τῆς πύλης
Category: Sacrifice
Hebrews 13:11-13. Christ’s crucifixion location, typologically linked to OT sacrifices burned outside the camp; ties honor/shame dynamics to the sacrifice doctrine.
Guarantor
Approved rendering: zamin (təminatçı)
Transliteration: zah-MEEN (ta-mee-naht-CHUH)
Doctrine: New Covenant versus the Old
Original: ἔγγυος
Category: Covenant
Hebrews 7:22. Legal-financial metaphor; deliberately borrowed from ordinary legal/financial Azerbaijani register since the source metaphor is itself legal-financial — a rare case where a secular loanword carries no competing religious connotation.
Transgressions
Approved rendering: pozuntular (qanunun pozulması)
Transliteration: poh-zoon-too-LAHR
Doctrine: New Covenant versus the Old
Original: παραβάσεις
Category: Salvation
Hebrews 9:15. A specific legal-violation sense within the broader günah category; keep distinguishable from generic sin.
Elenchos Conviction
Approved rendering: sübut
Transliteration: soo-BOOT
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Original: ἔλεγχος
Category: Faith
Hebrews 11:1. Pairs with əminlik to complete the faith-definition verse.
Cloud Of Witnesses
Approved rendering: şahidlər buludu
Transliteration: shah-heed-LAIR boo-loo-DOO
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints / Perseverance and Assurance
Original: νέφος μαρτύρων
Category: Faith
Hebrews 12:1. The OT saints of ch.11, portrayed as spectators encouraging present perseverance.
Strangers And Exiles
Approved rendering: qəriblər və köçərilər
Transliteration: ga-reeb-LAIR va kuh-cha-ree-LAIR
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Original: ξένοι καὶ παρεπίδημοι
Category: Faith
Hebrews 11:13. The patriarchs’ self-understanding as temporary residents awaiting a better, heavenly homeland; anchor to the eschatological ‘better country’, not merely a this-worldly political-exile parallel.
Anchor Of The Soul
Approved rendering: canın lövbəri
Transliteration: jah-NUHN luv-ba-REE
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: ἄγκυρα (τῆς ψυχῆς)
Category: Perseverance
Hebrews 6:19. Stabilizing, secure hope that holds firm through trial; genuine cross-cultural resonance given Azerbaijan’s Caspian maritime heritage.
Forerunner
Approved rendering: öncül (qabaqcıl)
Transliteration: un-JEWL (gah-bahk-JUHL)
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: πρόδρομος
Category: Access to God
Hebrews 6:20. Christ has entered the heavenly sanctuary as a forerunner on believers’ behalf; ties Access-to-God doctrine to Perseverance.
Unshakeable Kingdom
Approved rendering: sarsılmaz Padşahlıq
Transliteration: sahr-suhl-MAHZ pahd-shah-LUHK
Doctrine: The Unshakeable Kingdom of God
Original: βασιλεία ἀσάλευτος
Category: Kingdom
Hebrews 12:28. Extends baseline Allahın Padşahlığı with a never-shaken qualifier; reinforces the baseline’s caution against a political/territorial (dövlət) reading.
Mount Zion
Approved rendering: Sion dağı / Səmavi Yerusəlim
Transliteration: see-OHN dah-GHUH / sa-mah-VEE ye-roo-sa-LEEM
Doctrine: New Covenant versus the Old
Original: Σιὼν ὄρος / Ἰερουσαλὴμ ἐπουρανίῳ
Category: Kingdom
Hebrews 12:22. The New-Covenant assembly’s true, heavenly gathering-place; explicitly distinguish from contemporary political Israel references per the baseline’s Israel entry caution.
Heir
Approved rendering: Varis
Transliteration: vah-REES
Doctrine: Church as God’s People / Adoption
Original: κληρονόμος
Category: Church
Hebrews 1:2,14; 6:17; 11:7. Distinguish the covenantal-theological sense from literal Islamic inheritance-law (fara’id) associations in teaching notes.
Indestructible Life
Approved rendering: dağılmaz həyat
Transliteration: dah-uhl-MAHZ ha-YAHT
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Original: ζωὴ ἀκατάλυτος
Category: Priesthood
Hebrews 7:16. Christ’s permanent, unending priestly life, unlike mortal Levitical priests who died and were replaced.
Low Risk Terms
David
Approved rendering: Davud
Transliteration: dah-VOOD
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Quoted as the human author of Psalm 95 at 4:7.
Brotherly Love
Approved rendering: qardaşlıq sevgisi
Transliteration: gahr-dahsh-LUHK sev-gee-SEE
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship and Hospitality
Original: φιλαδελφία
Category: Church
Hebrews 13:1. Affectionate love within the Christian community; low doctrinal risk, genuine resonance with Azerbaijani hospitality values.
Referenced passages