Core Glossary
Core Glossary — 1 Timothy | English → Czech
This glossary lists every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, spanning 1 Timothy chapters 1–6. Terms already recorded in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked [BASELINE — REUSE EXACTLY] and are not re-derived; only the new stakes they acquire in this book are noted. All new terms are candidates for addition to the Language Package’s registries.
Risk tiers follow the baseline’s definitions exactly:
- Critical — mistranslation destroys essential doctrine; theologian review required every occurrence.
- High — mistranslation creates significant theological confusion; theologian review required.
- Medium — mistranslation reduces clarity but preserves essential meaning; native speaker review recommended.
- Low — minor imprecision; automated review sufficient.
A. Baseline Terms Reused (No Change) — Occurring in 1 Timothy
| English Term | Czech Rendering | Risk (baseline) | 1 Timothy Occurrences | Note for This Curriculum |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gospel | evangelium | High | 1:11 | Reused unchanged. |
| grace | milost | High | 1:2, 1:14; 6:21 | Reused unchanged; pair with new term “milosrdenství” (mercy) at 1:2, 1:13, 1:16 — distinct but related. |
| faith | víra | High | throughout (1:2, 1:4-5, 1:14, 1:19; 2:7, 2:15; 3:9, 3:13; 4:1, 4:6, 4:12; 5:8, 5:12; 6:10-12, 6:21) | Reused unchanged; watch for πιστός’s distinct “trustworthy” sense (see below) which must NOT be forced into the víra root. |
| sin | hřích | High | 5:22, 5:24 | Reused unchanged. |
| law | zákon | High | 1:7-9 | Reused unchanged; new compound νομοδιδάσκαλος (“teacher of the law”) → “učitel zákona,” Low risk. |
| glory | sláva | Medium | 1:11, 1:17; 3:16 | Reused unchanged. |
| holy | svatý | Medium | (implicit background for ὅσιος, 2:8) | Note ὅσιος is a near-synonym, not the same word; see below. |
| church | církev | Medium | 3:5, 3:15; 5:16 | Reused unchanged; extended by “household of God” (οἶκος θεοῦ) — see new terms below. |
| apostle | apoštol | Low | 1:1; 2:7 | Reused unchanged. |
| called/calling | povolaný/povolání | High/Medium | (background, not directly lexicalized in 1 Tim) | No direct occurrence but doctrine remains operative background. |
| salvation / saved | spasení | Critical | 1:15 (implicit); 2:4, 2:15; 4:10; (cf. Savior below) | Reused unchanged; extended by σωτήρ (Savior) as a new title-noun — see below. |
| Lord | Pán | Critical | throughout (1:2, 1:12, 1:14; 6:3, 6:14-15) | Reused unchanged; CRITICAL new collision with δεσπότης (“master,” 6:1-2) sharing the same Czech root — see below. |
| Jesus / Christ / Christ Jesus | Ježíš / Kristus / Kristus Ježíš | Critical | throughout | Reused unchanged. |
| God | Bůh | Critical | throughout | Reused unchanged; new titles applied to God in this letter (blessed, King of the ages, King of kings, immortal, unapproachable light) — see below. |
| gentiles / nations | pohané / národy | Medium | 2:7; 3:16 | Reused unchanged. |
| intercession | přímluva | Medium | 2:1 (ἔντευξις) | Reused unchanged, within the fourfold prayer-vocabulary set. |
| thanksgiving | díkůvzdání | Low | 2:1 | Reused unchanged. |
| peace | pokoj | Medium | (implicit, cf. 2:2’s distinct ἥσυχος) | Note 2:2 uses a different Greek word (ἥσυχος βίος, “quiet life”) — do not conflate with baseline εἰρήνη/pokoj. |
| spiritual gifts | duchovní dary | Medium | 4:14 (χάρισμα, singular) | Reused unchanged for the singular-gift application to Timothy’s ordination. |
B. New Terms Introduced in 1 Timothy
| # | English Term | Original (Greek) | Transliteration | Czech Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Occurrences | Rationale / Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sound/healthy doctrine | ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία | hygiainousa didaskalia | zdravé učení | High | Sound Doctrine vs. False Teaching | 1:10; 6:3 | Medical metaphor not automatically inferred by a Czech reader; must be taught as a recurring structural theme, not a one-off phrase. |
| 2 | to teach a different doctrine | ἑτεροδιδασκαλέω | heterodidaskaleō | učit odchylně / šířit cizí učení | High | Sound Doctrine vs. False Teaching | 1:3; 6:3 | Letter’s chief negative category; must consistently pair with #1 as its antonym. |
| 3 | myths and endless genealogies | μῦθοι καὶ γενεαλογίαι | mythoi kai genealogiai | bajky a nekonečné rody/genealogie | Medium | Sound Doctrine vs. False Teaching | 1:4 | ”Mýtus” carries a neutral scholarly sense in secular Czech; ensure pejorative sense is contextually clear. |
| 4 | God’s plan/administration | οἰκονομία θεοῦ | oikonomia theou | Boží plán / Boží řízení | High | Sound Doctrine vs. False Teaching | 1:4 | MUST NOT use “ekonomie” — exclusively financial in modern Czech, a severe false-friend risk. |
| 5 | mercy | ἔλεος | eleos | milosrdenství | Medium | Godliness and Contentment (background); Sound Doctrine (Paul’s testimony) | 1:2, 1:13, 1:16 | Distinguish from milost (grace); mercy withholds deserved judgment, grace bestows undeserved favor. |
| 6 | blessed | μακάριος | makarios | blahoslavený | CRITICAL | Deity/attributes of God | 1:11; 6:15 | Direct collision with the Catholic official title for the beatified (pre-canonization step); mandatory translator note. |
| 7 | King of the ages | βασιλεῖ τῶν αἰώνων | basilei tōn aiōnōn | Král věků | Medium | Sound Doctrine (doxology) | 1:17 | Keep distinct from “království Boží” (Kingdom of God) to avoid conflating attribute with realm. |
| 8 | incorruptible, invisible | ἄφθαρτος, ἀόρατος | aphthartos, aoratos | nepomíjitelný, neviditelný | Low-Medium | Deity of God | 1:17 | New descriptive vocabulary, low ambiguity. |
| 9 | the good warfare | ἡ καλὴ στρατεία | hē kalē strateia | dobrý boj | Low-Medium | Guarding the Deposit of Faith | 1:18 | Keep consistent with 6:12’s related ἀγών vocabulary (deliberate literary bracket). |
| 10 | shipwrecked (concerning the faith) | ναυαγέω | nauageō | ztroskotali ve víře | Low-Medium | Sound Doctrine vs. False Teaching | 1:19 | Nautical metaphor, understandable but less immediately resonant in landlocked Czech culture; brief gloss helpful. |
| 11 | delivered to Satan | παρέδωκα τῷ Σατανᰇ | paredōka tō Satana | vydal jsem satanu | Medium-High | Guarding the Deposit of Faith / church discipline | 1:20 | Risk of literal-curse/horror-genre misreading; must be explained as formal corrective church discipline. |
| 12 | prayers, petitions, intercessions, thanksgivings (fourfold set) | δεήσεις, προσευχαί, ἐντεύξεις, εὐχαριστίαι | deēseis, proseuchai, enteuxeis, eucharistiai | prosby, modlitby, přímluvy [baseline], díkůvzdání [baseline] | Medium | Public Worship and Prayer | 2:1 | Individually stable words; the fourfold distinction itself is new content requiring explanation. |
| 13 | a peaceful and quiet life | ἤρεμον καὶ ἥσυχον βίον | ēremon kai hēsychon bion | klidný a pokojný život | Low-Medium | Public Worship and Prayer | 2:2 | Distinct Greek word from baseline εἰρήνη/pokoj; keep conceptually separate. |
| 14 | godliness | εὐσέβεια | eusebeia | zbožnost | HIGH | Godliness and Contentment (central term) | 2:2; 3:16; 4:7-8; 6:3, 5, 6, 11 | Structural keyword of the whole letter; archaic-register word with low everyday resonance; requires active teaching at first occurrence, reinforced throughout. |
| 15 | knowledge of the truth | ἐπίγνωσις ἀληθείας | epignōsis alētheias | poznání pravdy | High | Universal Scope of the Gospel (extended) | 2:4 | Universality claim must not be softened per baseline rule; distinguish saving knowledge from casual secular “getting informed.” |
| 16 | one mediator | εἷς μεσίτης | heis mesitēs | prostředník | CRITICAL | Christ as the One Mediator (core doctrine) | 2:5 | Severe secular-drift risk: Czech “prostředník” = business intermediary/broker/middleman, a replaceable and often mildly distrusted role — opposite of exclusive, irreplaceable mediation. |
| 17 | ransom for all | ἀντίλυτρον ὑπὲρ πάντων | antilytron hyper pantōn | výkupné | CRITICAL | Christ as the One Mediator | 2:6 | Czech “výkupné” overwhelmingly means a kidnapping ransom in ordinary usage — a disturbing, criminal-context false association requiring active correction. |
| 18 | testimony at the proper time | μαρτύριον καιροῖς ἰδίοις | martyrion kairois idiois | svědectví v pravý čas | Medium | Providence (extended) | 2:6 | The καιρός/χρόνος distinction (appointed moment vs. generic time) not covered in baseline; brief note warranted. |
| 19 | herald | κήρυξ | kēryx | hlasatel / kazatel | Medium-High | Mission to the Nations (extended) | 2:7 | Related verb “kázat” carries a nagging/moralizing secular idiom in Czech; prefer “hlasatel” to avoid negative connotation. |
| 20 | holy/devout hands | ὅσιαι χεῖρες | hosiai cheires | svaté / zbožné ruce | Low-Medium | Public Worship and Prayer | 2:8 | Near-synonym of baseline ἅγιος/svatý; no new doctrinal category, flag for lexical awareness only. |
| 21 | respectable apparel, modesty, self-control | καταστολή κόσμιος, αἰδώς, σωφροσύνη | katastolē kosmios, aidōs, sōphrosynē | slušné oblečení, cudnost, rozvážnost | Medium-High (cultural sensitivity) | Qualifications for Church Leadership (background); Public Worship | 2:9 | Risk of being received as culturally intrusive in a secular, gender-egalitarian society; requires careful, non-legalistic framing. Flag for native speaker review of reception, not only accuracy. |
| 22 | not permit a woman to teach or exercise authority | διδάσκειν… οὐκ ἐπιτρέπω οὐδὲ αὐθεντεῖν ἀνδρός | didaskein… ouk epitrepō oude authentein andros | vykonávat moc / panovat nad | CRITICAL | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 2:12 | Among the most contested verses in the NT for church-leadership practice; αὐθεντέω’s nuance (authority vs. domineering) is genuinely disputed and materially affects doctrine; mandatory theologian review, translator note surfacing interpretive range required every occurrence. |
| 23 | saved through childbearing | σωθήσεται διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας | sōthēsetai dia tēs teknogonias | (spasena skrze rození dětí — flag interpretive range) | CRITICAL | Christ as the One Mediator / Godliness and Contentment (guarding against works-salvation misreading) | 2:15 | Notoriously difficult; risk of implying works-salvation if rendered simplistically, contradicting justification by faith taught elsewhere; mandatory theologian review. |
| 24 | overseer / bishop | ἐπίσκοπος | episkopos | biskup | CRITICAL | Qualifications for Church Leadership (core doctrine) | 3:1-2 | Direct collision with the modern Catholic/Orthodox diocesan office of “biskup”; mandatory translator note distinguishing NT congregational role from later hierarchical office; note interchangeability with πρεσβύτερος in this letter. |
| 25 | the office of overseer | ἐπισκοπή | episkopē | úřad dohledu / biskupský úřad | CRITICAL | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:1 | Tied directly to #24. |
| 26 | blameless / above reproach | ἀνεπίλημπτος | anepilēmptos | bezúhonný | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:2 | Czech “bezúhonnost” is a live legal/bureaucratic term (clean criminal record); needs active expansion beyond the legal sense. |
| 27 | husband of one wife | μιᰦς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα | mias gynaikos andra | věrný manžel jedné ženy | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:2, 3:12 | Four competing scholarly interpretations; translation choice materially affects eligibility criteria; mandatory theologian review. |
| 28 | sober-minded | νηφάλιος | nēphalios | střízlivý | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:2, 3:11 | Czech reader may take too literally (non-drunkenness only); metaphorical extension to all-of-life clear-headedness needs explicit teaching. |
| 29 | self-controlled / sound-minded | σώφρων / σωφροσύνη | sōphrōn / sōphrosynē | rozvážný / rozvážnost | Medium-High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 2:9, 2:15; 3:2 | Structural keyword recurring across qualification lists; Czech term may underrepresent the volitional self-mastery dimension. |
| 30 | respectable / orderly | κόσμιος | kosmios | řádný | Low-Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:2 | Risk of bland bureaucratic flavor (“řádný občan”); keep distinct from mere legal compliance. |
| 31 | hospitable | φιλόξενος | philoxenos | pohostinný | Low-Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:2 | Risk of collapsing into modern “good host” sense; ancient hospitality stakes merit brief explanation. |
| 32 | able to teach | διδακτικός | didaktikos | schopný učit | Low | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:2 | Straightforward. |
| 33 | given to wine | πάροινος | paroinos | milovník vína / pijan | Low-Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:3 | Culturally relevant given Czech drinking culture. |
| 34 | violent / a striker | πλήκτης | plēktēs | násilnický | Low | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:3 | Transparent. |
| 35 | gentle / reasonable | ἐπιεικής | epieikēs | vlídný | Low-Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:3 | Transparent positive virtue. |
| 36 | peaceable | ἄμαχος | amachos | pokojný / nesváčlivý | Low | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:3 | Transparent. |
| 37 | not a lover of money | ἀφιλάργυρος | aphilargyros | nezištný | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:3 | Structural link to 6:10’s φιλαργυρία; consistency required. |
| 38 | household | οἶκος | oikos | dům / domácnost | Medium | Care for Widows / Church as Household | 3:4-5, 3:12, 3:15; 5:4 | Ancient household-code logic (domestic management as leadership evidence) needs explanation for secular reader. |
| 39 | to manage / lead | προΐστημι | proistēmi | vést / řídit | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:4-5, 3:12; 5:17 | Deliberate lexical link between household and church leadership; consistency required across all three occurrences. |
| 40 | submission | ὑποταγή | hypotagē | poslušnost / podřízenost | Medium-High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:4 | Risk of negative connotation (domination) in an autonomy-valuing secular culture; must preserve genuine content while clarifying non-coercive sense. |
| 41 | dignity | σεμνότης / σεμνός | semnotēs / semnos | důstojnost / vážnost | Low-Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 2:2; 3:4, 3:8 | Recurs across chapters; keep consistent. |
| 42 | new convert / novice | νεόφυτος | neophytos | nedávno obrácený | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:6 | Avoid “nováček” (secular rookie/newbie term) — trivializes spiritual-maturity concern. |
| 43 | puffed up with pride | τυφωθείς | typhōtheis | nadutý pýchou | Low-Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:6 | Smoke-metaphor not preserved literally; plain pride vocabulary safer. |
| 44 | condemnation of the devil | κρίμα τοῦ διαβόλου | krima tou diabolou | odsouzení ďáblovo | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:6 | Grammatically ambiguous genitive; flag rather than silently resolve. |
| 45 | good testimony (from outsiders) | μαρτυρία καλή / οἱ ἔξωθεν | martyria kalē / hoi exōthen | dobrá pověst / ti, kdo jsou vně | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:7 | Insider/outsider ecclesial boundary concept carries little social salience for secular readers; needs brief explanation. |
| 46 | snare of the devil | παγὶς τοῦ διαβόλου | pagis tou diabolou | nástraha ďábla | Low-Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:7; 6:9 | Recurring structural image. |
| 47 | deacon | διάκονος | diakonos | jáhen | CRITICAL | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:8, 3:10, 3:12-13 | Direct collision with the Catholic/Orthodox ordained minor-clergy rank; mandatory translator note distinguishing NT office. |
| 48 | double-tongued | δίλογος | dilogos | dvojjazyčný | Low | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:8 | Transparent metaphor. |
| 49 | greedy for dishonest gain | αἰσχροκερδής | aischrokerdēs | chtivý nekalého zisku | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:8 | Distinct nuance from ἀφιλάργυρος; do not flatten together. |
| 50 | mystery | μυστήριον | mystērion | tajemství | HIGH | Church as Pillar of Truth; Guarding the Deposit of Faith | 3:9, 3:16 | Severe false-friend risk: Czech “tajemství” = unsolved puzzle/secret; NT sense is revealed truth. Active correction required. |
| 51 | clean conscience | καθαρὰ συνείδησις | kathara syneidēsis | čisté svědomí | Medium | Sound Doctrine vs. False Teaching | 3:9; 1:5, 1:19; 4:2 | ”Svědomí” a live secular term (genuine point of contact); distinguish from relativistic modern usage. |
| 52 | to test/approve | δοκιμάζω | dokimazō | zkoušet / prověřovat | Low-Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:10 | Metal-assaying background image may enrich concept. |
| 53 | blameless (deacons) | ἀνέγκλητος | anenklētos | bezúhonný (same as #26) | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:10 | Use identical Czech term as ἀνεπίλημπτος to signal same standard applies to deacons. |
| 54 | women/wives (deacons’ context) | γυναῖκας | gynaikas | ženy | CRITICAL | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:11 | One of the most contested exegetical questions (wives vs. deaconesses); mandatory theologian review; must not silently resolve via word choice. |
| 55 | not slanderers | μὴ διαβόλους | mē diabolous | ne klevetnice / ne pomlouvačné | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:11 | Etymological link to “ďábel” (slanderer → the Slanderer/Satan) lost in Czech surface form; worth a note. |
| 56 | to serve as deacon | διακονέω | diakoneō | sloužit / konat službu jáhna | Low-Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:13 | Verb form of #47; consistency required. |
| 57 | standing / good degree | βαθμός | bathmos | dobré postavení | Low-Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:13 | Avoid implying career-ladder advancement. |
| 58 | boldness / confidence | παρρησία | parrēsia | smělost / důvěra | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 3:13 | No baseline coverage; confident standing before God, not mere personality trait. |
| 59 | household of God | οἶκος θεοῦ | oikos theou | dům Boží | Medium | Church as Pillar of Truth | 3:15 | Risk of confusion with “kostel” (church building) per baseline church entry. |
| 60 | church of the living God | ἐκκλησία θεοῦ ζῶντος | ekklēsia theou zōntos | církev živého Boha | Medium | Church as Pillar of Truth | 3:15 | ”Živý Bůh” counters an impersonal-deity default a secular reader might bring. |
| 61 | pillar and buttress/foundation of truth | στῦλος καὶ ἑδραίωμα τῆς ἀληθείας | stylos kai hedraiōma tēs alētheias | pilíř a opora pravdy | HIGH | Church as Pillar of Truth (core doctrine) | 3:15 | Real tradition-collision risk: could be read through Catholic magisterial-infallibility lens; must be taught as displaying/holding revealed truth, not claiming independent institutional infallibility. |
| 62 | mystery of godliness | τὸ τῆς εὐσεβείας μυστήριον | to tēs eusebeias mystērion | tajemství zbožnosti | High | Church as Pillar of Truth | 3:16 | Compounds #50 and #14 risks. |
| 63 | justified/vindicated in the Spirit | ἐδικαιώθη ἐν πνεύματι | edikaiōthē en pneumati | ospravedlněn v Duchu (with note) | High | Church as Pillar of Truth (christological hymn) | 3:16 | Distinct christological application of the δικαιόω root; must not be confused with the sinner’s justification-by-faith doctrine. |
| 64 | seen by angels | ὤφθη ἀγγέλοις | ōphthē angelois | spatřen anděly | Low-Medium | Church as Pillar of Truth | 3:16 | ”Anděl” carries shallow folk-Christmas association, not doctrinally wrong but shallow. |
| 65 | taken up in glory | ἀνελήφθη ἐν δόξῃ | anelēphthē en doxa | vzat nahoru ve slávě | Medium | Church as Pillar of Truth (Ascension) | 3:16 | Ascension as distinct doctrine not in baseline; needs foundational introduction. |
| 66 | depart from the faith | ἀφίστανται τῆς πίστεως | aphistantai tēs pisteōs | odpadnou od víry | High | Sound Doctrine vs. False Teaching | 4:1 | Apostasy presupposes prior committed belief; distinguish from simple unbelief, the secular reader’s default state. |
| 67 | deceiving spirits, doctrines of demons | πνεύματα πλάνα, διδασκαλίαι δαιμονίων | pneumata plana, didaskaliai daimoniōn | svádějící duchové, učení démonů | Medium | Sound Doctrine vs. False Teaching | 4:1 | ”Démon” carries horror/fantasy-genre associations that could trivialize; prefer “démon” over folk “běs” with explanatory framing. |
| 68 | forbidding marriage / foods | κωλυόντων γαμεῖν, ἀπέχεσθαι βρωμάτων | kōlyontōn gamein, apechesthai brōmatōn | zakazují manželství, přikazují zdržovat se pokrmů | Medium (cultural sensitivity) | Sound Doctrine vs. False Teaching | 4:3 | Must not be read as polemic against later Catholic celibacy/fasting disciplines; brief contextualizing note required. |
| 69 | train yourself for godliness | γύμναζε σεαυτὸν πρὸς εὐσέβειαν | gymnaze seauton pros eusebeian | cvič se ve zbožnosti | Low-Medium | Godliness and Contentment | 4:7 | Gym-culture metaphor may helpfully bridge to modern reader; guard against reducing godliness to routine devoid of grace. |
| 70 | Savior of all, especially believers | σωτὴρ πάντων ἀνθρώπων, μάλιστα πιστῶν | sōtēr pantōn anthrōpōn, malista pistōn | Spasitel | CRITICAL | Christ as the One Mediator / Salvation | 1:1; 2:3; 4:10 | Parallels baseline “spasení” Critical entry; archaic register requiring narrative explanation. |
| 71 | laying on of hands of the council of elders | ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν τοῦ πρεσβυτερίου | epithesis tōn cheirōn tou presbyteriou | vkládání rukou sboru starších | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 4:14; 5:22 | New institutional concept (corporate ordaining body); explain distinctly from individual “starší.” |
| 72 | progress | προκοπή | prokopē | pokrok | Low | Guarding the Deposit of Faith | 4:15 | Standard secular word, fine as-is. |
| 73 | widow | χήρα | chēra | vdova | Low | Care for Widows and the Household of Faith | throughout ch. 5 | Stable term. |
| 74 | a widow indeed | ὄντως χήρα | ontōs chēra | opravdová vdova | Medium | Care for Widows | 5:3, 5:5, 5:16 | Names a specific pastoral-care eligibility category, not a redundant phrase. |
| 75 | double honor | διπλῆ τιμή | diplē timē | dvojnásobná čest / náležitá odměna | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 5:17 | Must retain the financial-support dimension made explicit by the following verse (5:18), not honor-only. |
| 76 | accusation / two or three witnesses | κατηγορία / δύο ἢ τριῶν μαρτύρων | katēgoria / dyo ē triōn martyrōn | obžaloba / dva nebo tři svědci | Low-Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | 5:19 | OT legal background (Deut 19:15) should be briefly noted. |
| 77 | slaves | δοῦλοι | douloi | otroci | Medium (historical-cultural note) | (household code, background to Godliness and Contentment) | 6:1-2 | Requires note distinguishing ancient household slavery from later chattel slavery systems. |
| 78 | masters | δεσπόται | despotai | páni (lowercase) | CRITICAL | (household code; collides with Lordship of Christ) | 6:1-2 | Direct homograph collision with baseline κύριος/“Pán” (capitalized, divine Lord); capitalization is the only distinguishing signal — a fragile marker, invisible in speech. Flag every occurrence. |
| 79 | godliness as means of gain | πορισμὸν εἶναι τὴν εὐσέβειαν | porismon einai tēn eusebeian | zbožnost jako prostředek k zisku | Medium | Godliness and Contentment | 6:5 | Can validate existing secular suspicion of religious institutions and money if not carefully framed as Paul’s own critique. |
| 80 | contentment | αὐτάρκεια | autarkeia | spokojenost | Medium | Godliness and Contentment (core doctrine) | 6:6 | Stable positive secular word (life-satisfaction); helpful point of contact, but pair carefully with “zisk” to avoid prosperity-gospel misreading. |
| 81 | love of money is a root of all evils | ῥίζα πάντων τῶν κακῶν ἡ φιλαργυρία | rhiza pantōn tōn kakōn hē philargyria | kořen všeho zla je láska k penězům | Medium-High | Godliness and Contentment | 6:10 | Well-known Czech proverb/cliché; risks the same idiom-flattening danger flagged for “hřích” in the baseline. Must be re-anchored to its specific argument. |
| 82 | fight the good fight of faith | ἀγωνίζου τὸν καλὸν ἀγῶνα τῆς πίστεως | agōnizou ton kalon agōna tēs pisteōs | bojuj dobrý boj víry | Low-Medium | Guarding the Deposit of Faith | 6:12 | Keep consistent with 1:18’s related “warfare” vocabulary (literary bracket). |
| 83 | eternal life | ζωὴ αἰώνιος | zōē aiōnios | věčný život | HIGH | Godliness and Contentment / Salvation | 6:12, 6:19 | Not in baseline Romans terms; secular reader may read “věčný” through fantasy/immortality-marketing tropes rather than eschatological seriousness. |
| 84 | good confession | ἡ καλὴ ὁμολογία | hē kalē homologia | dobré vyznání | Medium | Guarding the Deposit of Faith | 6:12-13 | Distinguish from “zpověď” (Catholic sacramental confession of sins) — a different, confusable Czech word. |
| 85 | the blessed and only Sovereign | ὁ μακάριος καὶ μόνος δυνάστης | ho makarios kai monos dynastēs | blahoslavený a jediný Panovník | High | Christ as the One Mediator / Lordship | 6:15 | Compounds #6’s risk; “Panovník” kept distinct from “Pán” to avoid the δεσπότης-style homograph risk. |
| 86 | King of kings and Lord of lords | βασιλεὺς τῶν βασιλευόντων καὶ κύριος τῶν κυριευόντων | basileus tōn basileuontōn kai kyrios tōn kyrieuontōn | Král kralujících a Pán panujících | CRITICAL | Lordship of Christ (inherited from baseline) | 6:15 | Inherits full weight of baseline Lord/Pán Critical entry at its most exalted; the single most exalted title-claim in the letter. |
| 87 | immortality | ἀθανασία | athanasia | nesmrtelnost | Medium | Christ as the One Mediator / Deity of God | 6:16 | Secular fantasy/vampire-genre associations; anchor to the specific doctrinal claim (God alone possesses inherent deathlessness). |
| 88 | unapproachable light | φῶς ἀπρόσιτον | phōs aprositon | nepřístupné světlo | Low-Medium | Deity of God | 6:16 | Transparent poetic image. |
| 89 | appearing | ἐπιφάνεια | epiphaneia | zjevení / příchod | Medium-High | (Second Coming, new eschatological category) | 6:14 | ”Zjevení” also names the book of Revelation in Czech — could help or confuse; “příchod” may be safer. Wholly new doctrinal category for this Language Package. |
| 90 | deposit (entrusted) | παραθήκη | paratheke | to, co ti bylo svěřeno | High | Guarding the Deposit of Faith (core doctrine) | 6:20 | Unusual positive point of contact: Czech “vklad” (bank deposit) is a live, helpful secular concept; but doctrinal referent (fixed apostolic teaching, not personal belief) must still be anchored explicitly. |
| 91 | empty chatter | κενοφωνία | kenophōnia | prázdné řeči | Low | Sound Doctrine vs. False Teaching | 6:20 | Transparent. |
| 92 | knowledge falsely called | ψευδώνυμος γνῶσις | pseudōnymos gnōsis | domnělé poznání | Medium-High | Sound Doctrine vs. False Teaching (Guarding the Deposit) | 6:20 | ”Poznání” carries no automatic connotation of a rival esoteric system; “falsely called” qualifier must be actively taught as flagging a specific counterfeit claim. |
| 93 | elder | πρεσβύτερος | presbyteros | starší | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership (core doctrine) | 5:1, 5:17, 5:19 | Ordinary Czech meaning is simply “older person”; office sense (formal, recognized leadership role, used interchangeably with ἐπίσκοπος in this letter) must be actively taught, not assumed. |
C. Cross-Reference Notes for Phase 2
- Homograph risk (Critical): κύριος (“Pán,” capitalized, divine Lord — baseline) vs. δεσπότης (“pán,” lowercase, human master — new, 6:1-2) share the identical Czech root word. Every occurrence of δεσπότης in Phase 2 output must be flagged and cross-checked against capitalization; consider the alternative “vlastník/majitel” (owner) where the surrounding context allows, to eliminate the ambiguity outright rather than relying on capitalization alone (consistent with the baseline’s own warning that capitalization is a fragile signal).
- Beatification-title collision (Critical): μακάριος (“blahoslavený” — 1:11, 6:15) requires a translator note distinguishing the general biblical divine attribute from the Roman Catholic canonical title every occurrence.
- Diocesan-office collisions (Critical): ἐπίσκοπος (“biskup”) and διάκονος (“jáhen”) both require translator notes distinguishing the NT congregational/local offices from the later, more developed hierarchical/clerical ranks these Czech words otherwise denote.
- False-friend risk (High): μυστήριον (“tajemství”) must never be left to register as an unsolved puzzle; always accompanied by explanation that this is a formerly-hidden, now-revealed truth.
- Contested-interpretation terms requiring mandatory theologian review and explicit translator notes surfacing interpretive range, never silent resolution: μιᰦς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα (3:2, 3:12); γυναῖκας (3:11); αὐθεντεῖν (2:12); σωθήσεται διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας (2:15).
- Structural consistency terms requiring identical rendering across every occurrence: εὐσέβεια/zbožnost; προΐστημι/vést-řídit; ἀνεπίλημπτος & ἀνέγκλητος/bezúhonný; the φιλαργυρία word family (3:3, 3:8, 6:10).
This glossary extends, and never contradicts, the baseline Romans translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json. All 93 new terms above are candidates for formal addition to those registries in subsequent Phase 1 steps.
Critical Risk Terms
Salvation
Approved rendering: spasení
Transliteration: sōtēria / sōzō
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: spasení chápané pouze jako archaický, literární výraz bez skutečného obsahu
Original: σωτηρία / σῴζω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Verb σῴζω occurs 1:15 (implicit), 2:4, 2:15, 4:10. Extended in this book by the new title σωτήρ (‘Savior’) — see ‘savior’ entry — which carries the identical archaic-register risk and must never appear as a bare label.
Lord
Approved rendering: Pán
Transliteration: kyrios
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: pán s malým ‘p’ ve smyslu běžného zdvořilostního oslovení
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs throughout (1:2, 1:12, 1:14; 6:3, 6:14-15). NEW CRITICAL COLLISION introduced by this book: δεσπότης (‘master’, 6:1-2, see ‘masters’ entry) shares the identical Czech root ‘pán’. Capitalization is the ONLY distinguishing signal and is invisible in speech — flag every occurrence of the lowercase form for this homograph risk.
Jesus
Approved rendering: Ježíš
Transliteration: Iēsous
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs throughout, frequently as ‘Kristus Ježíš’ or ‘Ježíš Kristus’.
God
Approved rendering: Bůh
Transliteration: theos
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. New majestic titles applied to God in this book (blessed, King of the ages, King of kings and Lord of lords, immortal, unapproachable light) are separate new entries below; ‘Bůh’ itself is unchanged.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Duch svatý
Transliteration: pneuma hagion
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: πνεῦμα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs 3:16 (‘vindicated/justified in the Spirit’) and 4:1 (‘the Spirit says’). At 3:16 the Spirit’s role in Christ’s vindication must not be confused with the sinner’s justification-by-faith doctrine — see ‘vindicated_in_spirit’.
Father
Approved rendering: Otec
Transliteration: patēr
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs 1:2 (‘God the Father and Christ Jesus our Lord’).
Messiah
Approved rendering: Mesiáš
Transliteration: Christos / Mashiach
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός / מָשִׁיחַ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Retained for the explanatory title-sense wherever the letter’s Christology requires OT-messianic background to be surfaced explicitly, distinct from the bare proper-name usage — see ‘christ_name’.
Blessed God
Approved rendering: blahoslavený
Transliteration: makarios
Doctrine: Deity and Sovereignty of God (Doxological Titles)
Original: μακάριος
Category: God
CRITICAL genuine tradition-collision, atypical for this Language Package. ‘Blahoslavený’ is the precise official Roman Catholic title for a beatified person (the step preceding canonization). A Czech reader may read ‘blahoslavený Bůh’ through this institutional lens. Mandatory translator note distinguishing the general biblical attribute from the Catholic canonical process, every occurrence (1:11; 6:15).
One Mediator
Approved rendering: prostředník
Transliteration: heis mesitēs
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Rejected alternatives: prostředník jako nahraditelný obchodní zprostředkovatel/makléř
Original: εἷς μεσίτης
Category: Christology
Core text for Christ as the One Mediator (2:5). SEVERE secular-drift risk: Czech ‘prostředník’ ordinarily denotes a replaceable business intermediary/broker Czechs idiomatically ‘cut out’ (‘vynechat prostředníka’). Must be actively taught as sole, exclusive, irreplaceable mediation — the opposite of the commercial sense.
Ransom For All
Approved rendering: výkupné
Transliteration: antilytron hyper pantōn
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Rejected alternatives: výkupné pouze ve smyslu vyplacení peněz únoscům
Original: ἀντίλυτρον ὑπὲρ πάντων
Category: Christology
Occurs 2:6. Czech ‘výkupné’ overwhelmingly registers as a kidnapping ransom in contemporary news usage. Must be actively anchored to the cross narrative and the reversed moral direction (paid BY the rescuer, not extracted BY a captor).
Women Teach Authority
Approved rendering: vykonávat moc / panovat nad
Transliteration: didaskein… ouk epitrepō oude authentein andros
Doctrine: Women’s Role in Teaching and Authority in the Church
Rejected alternatives: vládnout / mít nad mužem převahu bez poznámky o výkladovém rozpětí
Original: διδάσκειν γυναικὶ οὐκ ἐπιτρέπω οὐδὲ αὐθεντεῖν ἀνδρός
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 2:12. αὐθεντέω’s disputed nuance (authority vs. domineering) genuinely affects doctrine and contemporary church practice. Mandatory theologian review; translator note surfacing the interpretive range required every occurrence; must never be silently resolved by word choice.
Saved Through Childbearing
Approved rendering: spasena skrze rození dětí (s vysvětlující poznámkou o výkladovém rozpětí)
Transliteration: sōthēsetai dia tēs teknogonias
Doctrine: Women’s Role in Teaching and Authority in the Church
Rejected alternatives: spasena [věčně] tím, že porodí děti (implikace spasení skutky)
Original: σωθήσεται διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας
Category: Salvation
Occurs 2:15. Notoriously disputed clause; if rendered simplistically implies works-salvation, contradicting justification by faith taught throughout the letter and NT. Mandatory human theologian review; requires explanatory translator note surfacing major interpretive options.
Overseer Bishop
Approved rendering: biskup
Transliteration: episkopos
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: nový, uměle vytvořený přepis (‘episkopos’) namísto zavedeného slova
Original: ἐπίσκοπος
Category: Church Leadership
Core term (3:1-2). CRITICAL: modern Czech religious culture (Catholic, Orthodox, Czechoslovak Hussite Church) uses ‘biskup’ for a high-ranking clergyman with regional jurisdiction — structurally alien to this text. Mandatory translator note every occurrence distinguishing the NT congregational overseer from the later diocesan office, and noting interchangeability with πρεσβύτερος/starší in this letter (cf. 5:17). Retain the established word; do not coin a new transliteration.
Office Of Overseer
Approved rendering: úřad dohledu / biskupský úřad
Transliteration: episkopē
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ἐπισκοπή
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:1. Tied directly to ‘overseer_bishop’; same mandatory translator note applies. ‘Úřad dohledu’ offered as a lighter-weight alternative where the hierarchical connotation of ‘biskupský úřad’ should be minimized.
Deacon
Approved rendering: jáhen
Transliteration: diakonos
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: nový, uměle vytvořený přepis (‘diakonos’) namísto zavedeného slova
Original: διάκονος
Category: Church Leadership
Core term (3:8, 3:10, 3:12-13). CRITICAL: ‘jáhen’ is strongly tied to the Catholic/Orthodox ordained minor-clergy rank in contemporary Czech religious culture — a mismatch with the NT’s non-hierarchical, character-qualified service office. Mandatory translator note every occurrence. Retain the established word; do not coin a new transliteration.
Women In Deacon Context
Approved rendering: ženy
Transliteration: gynaikas
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: manželky (předčasně by rozhodlo výkladovou otázku)
Original: γυναῖκας
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:11. One of the most contested exegetical questions (wives of deacons vs. female deacons). Render ‘ženy’ (literal, ambiguous, matching the Greek’s own ambiguity), NOT ‘manželky’. Mandatory human theologian review with translator note surfacing both options, every occurrence.
Savior
Approved rendering: Spasitel
Transliteration: sōtēr
Doctrine: Universal Scope of the Gospel and Salvation
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Salvation
Occurs 1:1; 2:3; 4:10 (‘Savior of all people, especially of believers’). Parallels the baseline’s ‘spasení’ Critical entry: carries the same archaic, quasi-literary register — recognized but largely devoid of live conceptual content; must be paired with narrative explanation, never used as a bare label.
Masters
Approved rendering: páni
Transliteration: despotai
Doctrine: Household Ethics: Slaves and Masters
Rejected alternatives: despota (nese výhradně politicky hanlivý význam ‘tyran’)
Original: δεσπόται
Category: Household Ethics
Occurs 6:1-2. CRITICAL direct collision with baseline’s κύριος/‘Pán’: δεσπότης shares the identical Czech root ‘pán’. Capitalization is the ONLY distinguishing signal, invisible in speech. Flag every occurrence; prefer ‘majitel/vlastník’ (owner) where the sentence permits to eliminate the homograph risk outright.
Blessed And Only Sovereign
Approved rendering: blahoslavený a jediný Panovník
Transliteration: ho makarios kai monos dynastēs
Doctrine: Deity and Sovereignty of God (Doxological Titles)
Occurs 6:15. Compounds the μακάριος/‘blahoslavený’ beatification-collision risk; ‘Panovník’ must be kept visually and lexically distinct from ‘Pán’ to avoid the same homograph risk flagged for δεσπότης in the same chapter.
King Of Kings Lord Of Lords
Approved rendering: Král kralujících a Pán panujících
Transliteration: basileus tōn basileuontōn kai kyrios tōn kyrieuontōn
Doctrine: Deity and Sovereignty of God (Doxological Titles)
Original: βασιλεὺς τῶν βασιλευόντων καὶ κύριος τῶν κυριευόντων
Category: Christology
Occurs 6:15. Inherits the full weight of the baseline’s Critical Lord/Pán entry at its most exalted expression in the letter. Traditional Czech liturgical rendering (cf. Revelation 19:16); must be distinguished sharply from the δεσπότης/‘pán’ homograph risk of 6:1-2 and from any fairy-tale ‘king’ association.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: evangelium
Transliteration: euangelion
Doctrine: Gospel
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs 1 Timothy 1:11. Must still be actively defined at first use for this book; do not assume retained meaning from any prior lesson.
Grace
Approved rendering: milost
Transliteration: charis
Doctrine: Grace
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs 1:2, 1:14, 6:21. Must be kept distinct from this book’s new term ‘milosrdenství’ (mercy, ἔλεος, 1:2/1:13/1:16): grace bestows undeserved favor, mercy withholds deserved judgment; Paul deliberately pairs them and they must never collapse into one Czech word.
Faith
Approved rendering: víra
Transliteration: pistis
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: víra v obecném slova smyslu (sebedůvěra, přesvědčení)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs throughout 1 Timothy. NEW CAUTION for this book: πιστός is used adjectivally in a distinct ‘trustworthy/reliable’ sense (1:15; 3:1; 3:11; 4:9) that must render as ‘věrohodný/spolehlivý’, never forced into the víra root.
Sin
Approved rendering: hřích
Transliteration: hamartia
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: hřích s oslabeným, žertovným významem
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs 5:22, 5:24; cf. 1:9, 1:15 (ἁμαρτωλός, sinner). Occurs here in disciplinary/pastoral contexts where the weakened colloquial idiom would be especially damaging.
Law
Approved rendering: zákon
Transliteration: nomos
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs 1:7-9. New compound νομοδιδάσκαλος (‘teacher of the law’) renders ‘učitel zákona’, Low risk on its own, transparent.
Calling
Approved rendering: povolání
Transliteration: klēsis
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: povolání výhradně ve smyslu civilního zaměstnání či profese
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. No direct lexical occurrence in 1 Timothy; retained for cross-curriculum consistency.
Sound Doctrine
Approved rendering: zdravé učení
Transliteration: hygiainousa didaskalia
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία
Category: Sound Doctrine
Occurs 1:10; 6:3, contrasted with 6:4’s ‘sick’ (νοσῶν). Czech ‘zdravý’ registers primarily as physical health; the medical metaphor for doctrinal health must be actively unpacked at first occurrence with a metaphor gloss, not merely translated, and reinforced at every later occurrence as a book-spanning structural theme.
Teach Different Doctrine
Approved rendering: učit odchylně / šířit cizí učení
Transliteration: heterodidaskaleō
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: ἑτεροδιδασκαλέω
Category: Sound Doctrine
Occurs 1:3; 6:3, opening and closing the letter. Must consistently pair with ‘zdravé učení’ as its antonym across the whole document.
Gods Administration
Approved rendering: Boží plán / Boží řízení
Transliteration: oikonomia theou
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: ekonomie (výhradně finanční/ekonomický pojem v moderní češtině)
Original: οἰκονομία θεοῦ
Category: Sound Doctrine
Occurs 1:4. MUST NOT use ‘ekonomie’ — an exclusively financial term in modern Czech that would badly obscure the household-administration sense. Constructed paraphrase, not a single word.
Delivered To Satan
Approved rendering: vydal jsem satanu
Transliteration: paredōka tō Satana
Doctrine: Church Discipline
Rejected alternatives: vydal jsem satanu chápané jako doslovná kletba nebo exorcismus
Original: παρέδωκα τῷ Σατανᾷ
Category: Church
Occurs 1:20. Without explanation, secular Czech readers risk reading this through horror-genre/folk-magical associations attached to ‘satan’ rather than as formal, restorative church discipline. Mandatory plain-language gloss required.
Knowledge Of Truth
Approved rendering: poznání pravdy
Transliteration: epignōsis alētheias
Doctrine: Universal Scope of the Gospel and Salvation
Rejected alternatives: poznání ve smyslu obecného informování se o něčem
Original: ἐπίγνωσις ἀληθείας
Category: Salvation
Occurs 2:4. Extends baseline ‘universal_scope_of_gospel’; universality claims must not be softened. ‘Poznání’ must be distinguished from casual secular ‘getting informed’ and tied specifically to saving knowledge.
Herald
Approved rendering: hlasatel
Transliteration: kēryx
Doctrine: Universal Scope of the Gospel and Salvation
Rejected alternatives: kazatel (odvozeno od ‘kázat’, které v běžné mluvě nese hanlivý odstín ‘moralizování’)
Original: κήρυξ
Category: Church
Occurs 2:7. The related verb κηρύσσω (‘kázat’) carries a strong secular idiomatic sense of nagging/moralizing (‘kázat někomu’); ‘hlasatel’ better preserves the authorized-proclamation sense without the negative overtone.
Modesty Selfcontrol Apparel
Approved rendering: slušné oblečení, cudnost, rozvážnost
Transliteration: katastolē kosmios, aidōs, sōphrosynē
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: καταστολή κόσμιος, αἰδώς, σωφροσύνη
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 2:9. In a highly secular, gender-egalitarian Czech culture, this instruction risks being received as culturally intrusive or moralistic without careful, non-legalistic framing. Flag for native-speaker reception review in addition to accuracy review.
Blameless Above Reproach
Approved rendering: bezúhonný
Transliteration: anepilēmptos / anenklētos
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: bezúhonnost výhradně jako čistý trestní rejstřík
Original: ἀνεπίλημπτος / ἀνέγκλητος
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:2 (overseers, ἀνεπίλημπτος) and 3:10 (deacons, ἀνέγκλητος — a different but closely parallel word). Czech ‘bezúhonnost’ is a live legal/bureaucratic term (absence of a criminal record); readers will default to this narrower sense. Use the SAME Czech word for both occurrences to signal deacons are held to the same standard as overseers.
Husband Of One Wife
Approved rendering: věrný manžel jedné ženy
Transliteration: mias gynaikos andra
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: manžel jedné ženy (bez poznámky, implikující jedno konkrétní řešení ze čtyř výkladů)
Original: μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:2, 3:12. Four live interpretive options materially affecting eligibility for church office. Mandatory human theologian review with a translator note surfacing all four options, every occurrence; render identically at both verses.
Self Controlled
Approved rendering: rozvážný
Transliteration: sōphrōn / sōphrosynē
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: σώφρων / σωφροσύνη
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 2:9, 2:15; 3:2. Structural keyword recurring across the letter’s qualification lists. Czech ‘rozvážný’ captures the cognitive dimension but may underrepresent the volitional self-mastery-over-appetite dimension; needs a plain-language gloss on first use.
Submission
Approved rendering: poslušnost / podřízenost
Transliteration: hypotagē
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: podřízenost oslabená na pouhou ‘spolupráci’ bez hierarchického obsahu
Original: ὑποταγή
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:4. In a Czech culture valuing individual autonomy and gender egalitarianism, ‘podřízenost’ risks a negative domination connotation. Must preserve genuine hierarchical content while clarifying non-coercive, willing responsiveness. Flag for native-speaker reception review.
Mystery
Approved rendering: tajemství
Transliteration: mystērion
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Rejected alternatives: tajemství ve smyslu nevyřešené záhady nebo detektivního zápletky
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Church
Occurs 3:9 (‘mystery of the faith’), 3:16 (‘mystery of godliness’). SEVERE false-friend risk: ordinary Czech ‘tajemství’ means an unsolved puzzle/kept secret — the OPPOSITE semantic direction from the NT sense. Must be actively taught, every occurrence, as ‘a divine truth once hidden, now revealed’, never as ‘something unexplained’.
Pillar And Foundation Of Truth
Approved rendering: pilíř a opora pravdy
Transliteration: stylos kai hedraiōma tēs alētheias
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: στῦλος καὶ ἑδραίωμα τῆς ἀληθείας
Category: Church
Core text (3:15). Real tradition-collision risk: may be read through the Catholic magisterium’s teaching-authority/infallibility framework, a stronger claim than the text makes. Must be taught as displaying/upholding already-revealed truth, not generating or infallibly guaranteeing it independently.
Mystery Of Godliness
Approved rendering: tajemství zbožnosti
Transliteration: to tēs eusebeias mystērion
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: τὸ τῆς εὐσεβείας μυστήριον
Category: Church
Occurs 3:16. Compounds the false-friend risk of ‘mystery’ with the archaic-register risk of ‘godliness’; both must be actively managed together at this verse.
Vindicated In Spirit
Approved rendering: ospravedlněn v Duchu
Transliteration: edikaiōthē en pneumati
Doctrine: Incarnation and the Christological Hymn
Rejected alternatives: ospravedlněn v Duchu chápáno jako Kristus ‘ospravedlněný z víry’ totožně s hříšníkovým ospravedlněním
Original: ἐδικαιώθη ἐν πνεύματι
Category: Christology
Occurs 3:16. Must not be read as ‘Christ was justified by faith’, which would confuse Christ’s vindication with the sinner’s justification doctrine (baseline Critical ‘justification’ entry). Translator note must clarify this is a distinct christological application of the δικαιόω root.
Godliness
Approved rendering: zbožnost
Transliteration: eusebeia
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: εὐσέβεια
Category: Godliness
STRUCTURAL KEYWORD across the whole book (2:2; 3:16; 4:7-8; 6:3, 5, 6, 11). ‘Zbožnost’ is a stable but archaic-leaning word with low everyday resonance in a highly secular culture; must be actively defined at first occurrence (2:2) and consistently reinforced at every later occurrence.
Apostasy Depart From Faith
Approved rendering: odpadnou od víry
Transliteration: aphistantai tēs pisteōs
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Asceticism
Original: ἀφίστανται τῆς πίστεως
Category: Sound Doctrine
Occurs 4:1. Apostasy presupposes a prior framework of committed belief most secular Czech readers do not possess; must be taught as a warning within the believing community, distinct from simple unbelief/indifference (the reader’s actual default state).
Elder
Approved rendering: starší
Transliteration: presbyteros
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: πρεσβύτερος
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 5:1, 5:17, 5:19. Ordinary Czech meaning is simply ‘an older person’; the formal office sense (used interchangeably with ἐπίσκοπος in this letter) must be actively taught, not assumed.
Love Of Money Root Of Evil
Approved rendering: kořen všeho zla je láska k penězům
Transliteration: rhiza pantōn tōn kakōn hē philargyria
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: ῥίζα πάντων τῶν κακῶν ἡ φιλαργυρία
Category: Godliness
Occurs 6:10. This phrase functions as a widely known secular Czech proverb/cliché, risking the same idiom-flattening danger flagged for ‘hřích’ in the baseline. Must be re-anchored to its specific letter-wide argument (structurally linked to 3:3, 3:8).
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: věčný život
Transliteration: zōē aiōnios
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Godliness
Not covered as a distinct baseline entry from Romans. Occurs 6:12, 6:19. A secular reader may read ‘věčný’ through fantasy/immortality-marketing tropes rather than as a serious eschatological claim; requires the same narrative ‘from what, to what, by whom’ scaffolding the baseline mandates for ‘spasení’.
Appearing
Approved rendering: příchod
Transliteration: epiphaneia
Doctrine: Second Coming and Eschatological Hope
Rejected alternatives: zjevení (kolize s českým titulem knihy Zjevení Janovo), epifanie (kolize s liturgickým svátkem Zjevení Páně / Tří králů)
Original: ἐπιφάνεια
Category: God
Occurs 6:14. ‘Zjevení’ is also the Czech title of the book of Revelation; ‘epifanie’ would import an unrelated seasonal association. ‘Příchod’ is the safer plain paraphrase, paired with an explanatory note establishing this as a technical eschatological term — a wholly new doctrinal category for this Language Package.
Deposit Of Faith
Approved rendering: to, co ti bylo svěřeno
Transliteration: paratheke
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: παραθήκη
Category: Sound Doctrine
Core text (6:20; cf. 1:18-19, 4:6-16). Unusual positive point of contact: Czech ‘vklad’ (bank deposit) is a live, helpful secular concept, but the doctrinal referent (fixed apostolic teaching, not personal belief) must still be anchored explicitly.
Knowledge Falsely Called
Approved rendering: domnělé poznání
Transliteration: pseudōnymos gnōsis
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: ψευδώνυμος γνῶσις
Category: Sound Doctrine
Occurs 6:20. ‘Poznání’ carries no automatic connotation of a rival esoteric religious system; the ‘falsely called’ qualifier must be actively taught as flagging a SPECIFIC counterfeit claim, not generic epistemological modesty.
Medium Risk Terms
Glory
Approved rendering: sláva
Transliteration: doxa
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: sláva ve smyslu světské slávy či úspěchu
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs 1:11, 1:17, 3:16 (‘taken up in glory’).
Holy
Approved rendering: svatý
Transliteration: hagios
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Not directly lexicalized as ἅγιος in 1 Timothy’s body; note ὅσιος (‘holy hands’, 2:8) is a near-synonym, not the same word.
Church
Approved rendering: církev
Transliteration: ekklēsia
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: kostel (budova) namísto společenství věřících
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs 3:5, 3:15 (‘church of the living God’), 5:16. Extended in this book by ‘household of God’ (οἶκος θεοῦ) — keep ‘církev’ distinct from both ‘dům Boží’ and ‘kostel’.
Called
Approved rendering: povolaný
Transliteration: klētos
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. No direct lexical occurrence in 1 Timothy; doctrine remains operative background for Paul’s own apostleship (1:1) and his ministry appointment (1:12).
Gentiles
Approved rendering: pohané
Transliteration: ethnē
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs 2:7; 3:16.
Intercession
Approved rendering: přímluva
Transliteration: enteuxis
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: ἔντευξις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs 2:1 as one member of the fourfold prayer-vocabulary set — see ‘fourfold_prayer_terms’.
Peace
Approved rendering: pokoj
Transliteration: eirēnē
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: pokoj ve smyslu pouhého klidu či nepřítomnosti hluku
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs in the greeting formula (1:2). NEW CAUTION for this book: 2:2’s ‘ἤρεμον καὶ ἥσυχον βίον’ (‘peaceful and quiet life’, civic/social tranquility) is a DIFFERENT Greek phrase and must be kept conceptually separate — see ‘peaceful_quiet_life’.
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: duchovní dary
Transliteration: charisma
Doctrine: Ordination and the Exercise of Spiritual Gifts
Original: χάρισμα
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs 4:14 (singular, applied specifically to Timothy’s ordination gift, received via prophecy and the laying on of hands — see ‘laying_on_of_hands_council_of_elders’).
Myths And Genealogies
Approved rendering: bajky a nekonečné rody/genealogie
Transliteration: mythoi kai genealogiai aperantoi
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: mýtus v neutrálním, vědeckém smyslu srovnávací mytologie
Original: μῦθοι καὶ γενεαλογίαι ἀπέραντοι
Category: Sound Doctrine
Occurs 1:4. Czech ‘mýtus’ can carry a neutral/scholarly connotation; ensure the pejorative sense (idle, faith-distracting speculation) is preserved contextually.
Mercy
Approved rendering: milosrdenství
Transliteration: eleos
Doctrine: Apostolic Testimony of Grace and Mercy
Rejected alternatives: milost (baseline term) used interchangeably with mercy
Original: ἔλεος
Category: God
New term. Occurs 1:2, 1:13, 1:16, paradigmatically of Paul as ‘foremost of sinners’ who received mercy. Must be distinguished from baseline ‘milost’ (grace): mercy withholds deserved judgment, grace bestows undeserved favor. Teach the pairing explicitly.
King Of The Ages
Approved rendering: Král věků
Transliteration: basilei tōn aiōnōn
Doctrine: Deity and Sovereignty of God (Doxological Titles)
Original: βασιλεῖ τῶν αἰώνων
Category: God
New doxological title (1:17). Keep distinct from ‘království Boží’ (Kingdom of God, baseline) so the divine kingship-attribute is not conflated with kingdom-as-realm.
Incorruptible Invisible
Approved rendering: nepomíjitelný, neviditelný
Transliteration: aphthartos, aoratos
Doctrine: Deity and Sovereignty of God (Doxological Titles)
Original: ἄφθαρτος, ἀόρατος
Category: God
New descriptive vocabulary (1:17). Low ambiguity but new content requiring brief unpacking as attributes of God’s transcendence.
Good Warfare Good Fight
Approved rendering: dobrý boj / bojuj dobrý boj víry
Transliteration: hē kalē strateia / ton kalon agōna tēs pisteōs
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: ἡ καλὴ στρατεία / τὸν καλὸν ἀγῶνα τῆς πίστεως
Category: Faith
Occurs 1:18 and 6:12, a deliberate literary bracket using related but different Greek vocabulary (military vs. athletic-contest imagery). Render consistently across both occurrences so the reader perceives the structural link.
Shipwrecked Faith
Approved rendering: ztroskotali ve víře
Transliteration: nauageō
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: ναυαγέω
Category: Faith
Occurs 1:19, of Hymenaeus and Alexander. Nautical metaphor, transparent but less immediately resonant in landlocked Czech culture; a brief gloss (‘jako loď, která ztroskotá’) aids comprehension.
Fourfold Prayer Terms
Approved rendering: prosby, modlitby, přímluvy, díkůvzdání
Transliteration: deēseis, proseuchai, enteuxeis, eucharistiai
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: δεήσεις, προσευχαί, ἐντεύξεις, εὐχαριστίαι
Category: Prayer
Occurs 2:1, establishing the Public Worship and Prayer doctrine’s vocabulary foundation. Individually stable/low-risk words (přímluvy and díkůvzdání reuse baseline terms exactly), but the fourfold distinction itself is new content requiring explicit teaching as a structured unit, not word-by-word translation.
Peaceful Quiet Life
Approved rendering: klidný a pokojný život
Transliteration: ēremon kai hēsychon bion
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: ἤρεμον καὶ ἥσυχον βίον
Category: Prayer
Occurs 2:2. Distinct Greek word from baseline εἰρήνη (‘pokoj’, relational peace with God) — civic/social tranquility, must be kept conceptually separate.
Testimony Proper Time
Approved rendering: svědectví v pravý čas
Transliteration: martyrion kairois idiois
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Original: μαρτύριον καιροῖς ἰδίοις
Category: God
Occurs 2:6. The καιρός/χρόνος distinction (God’s appointed moment vs. generic clock-time) is theologically significant and not covered in the baseline; a brief explanatory note is warranted.
Holy Hands
Approved rendering: svaté / zbožné ruce
Transliteration: hosiai cheires
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: ὅσιαι χεῖρες
Category: Prayer
Occurs 2:8. Distinct Greek word (ὅσιος) from baseline’s ἅγιος (‘svatý’); a near-synonym requiring no new doctrinal category but worth flagging for lexical awareness.
Sober Minded
Approved rendering: střízlivý
Transliteration: nēphalios
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: νηφάλιος
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:2, 3:11. Czech ‘střízlivý’ registers primarily as literal non-drunkenness; the metaphorical ‘clear-headed in all things’ extension needs to be made explicit.
Respectable Orderly
Approved rendering: řádný
Transliteration: kosmios
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: κόσμιος
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:2. Czech ‘řádný’ can carry a bland bureaucratic flavor (‘řádný občan’); keep distinct from mere legal compliance.
Hospitable
Approved rendering: pohostinný
Transliteration: philoxenos
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: φιλόξενος
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:2. Risk of collapsing into a modern ‘good dinner-party host’ sense; the ancient stakes (lodging for strangers with no other recourse) merit brief explanation.
Given To Wine
Approved rendering: milovník vína / pijan
Transliteration: paroinos / oinō pollō prosechontas
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: πάροινος / οἴνῳ πολλῷ προσέχοντας
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:3, 3:8. Culturally relevant given Czech drinking culture; must not be softened into mere social drinking.
Gentle Reasonable
Approved rendering: vlídný
Transliteration: epieikēs
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ἐπιεικής
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:3. Positive pastoral counterpart to combativeness.
Not Lover Of Money
Approved rendering: nezištný
Transliteration: aphilargyros
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ἀφιλάργυρος
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:3. Flag for consistency with 6:10’s φιλαργυρία and 3:8’s αἰσχροκερδής — a deliberate structural link; do not flatten the three terms into one identical Czech word.
Household Management
Approved rendering: dům / domácnost; vést / řídit
Transliteration: tou idiou oikou kalōs proistamenon / proistēmi
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: τοῦ ἰδίου οἴκου καλῶς προϊστάμενον / προΐστημι
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:4-5, 3:12; 5:17. The ancient household-code logic (domestic management as evidence for spiritual leadership) needs explanation for a modern secular reader. Render προΐστημι identically (‘vést/řídit’) across all three occurrences to preserve Paul’s intended analogy.
Dignity
Approved rendering: důstojnost / vážnost
Transliteration: semnotēs / semnos
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: σεμνότης / σεμνός
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 2:2; 3:4, 3:8 (of deacons). Recurs across chapters; keep consistent rendering.
New Convert
Approved rendering: nedávno obrácený
Transliteration: neophytos
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: nováček (sekulární sportovní/pracovní termín pro nováčka)
Original: νεόφυτος
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:6. Avoid ‘nováček’, which trivializes the spiritual-maturity concern into a mere seniority issue.
Puffed Up Pride
Approved rendering: nadutý pýchou
Transliteration: typhōtheis
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: τυφωθείς
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:6. The smoke-image (τῦφος) doesn’t map to a Czech idiom; plain pride/conceit vocabulary is safer than the literal metaphor.
Condemnation Of Devil
Approved rendering: odsouzení ďáblovo
Transliteration: krima tou diabolou
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: κρίμα τοῦ διαβόλου
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:6. Grammatically ambiguous genitive; flag rather than silently resolve.
Good Testimony Outsiders
Approved rendering: dobrá pověst / ti, kdo jsou vně
Transliteration: martyria kalē apo tōn exōthen
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: μαρτυρία καλή ἀπὸ τῶν ἔξωθεν
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:7. The insider/outsider ecclesial boundary concept carries little social salience for secular readers; must not import the later ‘martyrdom’ association.
Snare Of Devil
Approved rendering: nástraha ďábla
Transliteration: pagis tou diabolou
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: παγὶς τοῦ διαβόλου
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:7; 6:9. Recurring structural image; keep rendering consistent across both occurrences.
Greedy Dishonest Gain
Approved rendering: chtivý nekalého zisku
Transliteration: aischrokerdēs
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: αἰσχροκερδής
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:8, especially relevant to a deacon’s likely handling of church funds. Distinct nuance from ἀφιλάργυρος (3:3) — must not be flattened into a repeat of the same warning.
Clean Conscience
Approved rendering: čisté svědomí
Transliteration: kathara syneidēsis
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: καθαρὰ συνείδησις
Category: Sound Doctrine
Occurs 3:9; 1:5, 1:19; 4:2. ‘Svědomí’ is a live secular Czech term (genuine point of contact); distinguish the theological sense (conscience informed by revealed doctrine) from a purely subjective/relativistic modern usage.
Test Approve
Approved rendering: zkoušet / prověřovat
Transliteration: dokimazō
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: δοκιμάζω
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:10. The metal-assaying background image can be briefly noted to enrich the concept beyond a generic ‘trial period’.
Not Slanderers
Approved rendering: ne klevetnice / ne pomlouvačné
Transliteration: mē diabolous
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: μὴ διαβόλους
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:11. Illuminates why gossip is treated seriously throughout the letter (cf. 5:13). Worth a note on the etymological link to ‘ďábel’ (slanderer), invisible in the Czech surface form.
Serve As Deacon
Approved rendering: sloužit / konat službu jáhna
Transliteration: diakoneō
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: διακονέω
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:13. Verb form of ‘deacon’; consistency with 3:8’s noun rendering required.
Standing Good Degree
Approved rendering: dobré postavení
Transliteration: bathmos
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: βαθμός
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:13. Avoid implying career advancement; this is standing in reputation and spiritual confidence, not ecclesiastical rank-climbing.
Boldness Confidence
Approved rendering: smělost / důvěra
Transliteration: parrēsia
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: παρρησία
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:13. No baseline coverage from Romans; the specific nuance (confident access before God grounded in faith, not a personality trait) needs explicit teaching.
Household Of God
Approved rendering: dům Boží
Transliteration: oikos theou
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: οἶκος θεοῦ
Category: Church
Occurs 3:15. Must avoid confusion with ‘kostel’ (church building), risk already flagged in the baseline’s ‘church’ entry.
Church Of Living God
Approved rendering: církev živého Boha
Transliteration: ekklēsia theou zōntos
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: ἐκκλησία θεοῦ ζῶντος
Category: Church
Occurs 3:15. ‘Živý Bůh’ counters an impersonal-deity default a secular reader might otherwise bring.
Taken Up In Glory
Approved rendering: vzat nahoru ve slávě
Transliteration: anelēphthē en doxa
Doctrine: Incarnation and the Christological Hymn
Rejected alternatives: nanebevstoupení (liturgický podstatný jméno vnucené do básnického verše)
Original: ἀνελήφθη ἐν δόξῃ
Category: Christology
Occurs 3:16. The Ascension as a distinct doctrinal event is not addressed in the Romans baseline; needs foundational introduction, distinguished from mere metaphorical glorification.
Train For Godliness
Approved rendering: cvič se ve zbožnosti
Transliteration: gymnaze seauton pros eusebeian
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: γύμναζε σεαυτὸν πρὸς εὐσέβειαν
Category: Godliness
Occurs 4:7. The athletic/fitness metaphor may helpfully bridge to a modern gym-culture reader, but guard against reducing godliness to routine devoid of grace-empowered transformation.
Laying On Of Hands Council Of Elders
Approved rendering: vkládání rukou sboru starších
Transliteration: hē epithesis tōn cheirōn tou presbyteriou
Doctrine: Ordination and the Exercise of Spiritual Gifts
Original: ἡ ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν τοῦ πρεσβυτερίου
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 4:14; cf. caution against haste at 5:22. New institutional concept (a corporate ordaining body) requiring explanation, distinct from an individual ‘starší’ acting alone.
Deceiving Spirits Doctrines Of Demons
Approved rendering: svádějící duchové a učení démonů
Transliteration: pneumata plana kai didaskaliai daimoniōn
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Asceticism
Rejected alternatives: běs (lidové, folklorně zatížené slovo)
Original: πνεύματα πλάνα καὶ διδασκαλίαι δαιμονίων
Category: Sound Doctrine
Occurs 4:1. Czech ‘démon’ carries horror/fantasy-genre associations that could trivialize the claim; prefer ‘démon’ with explanatory framing over the folk-religious ‘běs’.
Forbidding Marriage And Foods
Approved rendering: zakazují manželství, přikazují zdržovat se pokrmů
Transliteration: kōlyontōn gamein, apechesthai brōmatōn
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Asceticism
Original: κωλυόντων γαμεῖν, ἀπέχεσθαι βρωμάτων
Category: Sound Doctrine
Occurs 4:3. Given the prominence of clerical celibacy and fasting disciplines in Czech Catholic tradition, this condemnation of a SPECIFIC false ascetic teaching must not be read as, or weaponized as, a polemic against those later voluntary practices; a contextualizing note is required.
Widow Indeed
Approved rendering: opravdová vdova
Transliteration: ontōs chēra
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
Original: ὄντως χήρα
Category: Household Ethics
Occurs 5:3, 5:5, 5:16. Names a specific pastoral-care eligibility category (genuinely without family support), not a redundant phrase; gloss at first occurrence.
Repay Piety To Household
Approved rendering: prokazovat zbožnost vlastní rodině / splácet
Transliteration: ton idion oikon eusebein kai amoibas apodidonai tois progonois
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
Original: τὸν ἴδιον οἶκον εὐσεβεῖν καὶ ἀμοιβὰς ἀποδιδόναι τοῖς προγόνοις
Category: Household Ethics
Occurs 5:4. Family duty is framed explicitly as an expression of εὐσέβεια (godliness); the connection must be made explicit so a secular reader does not read this as generic family ethics disconnected from the letter’s theological argument.
Double Honor
Approved rendering: dvojnásobná čest
Transliteration: diplē timē
Doctrine: Elder Honor, Accountability, and Discipline
Rejected alternatives: čest pouze jako uznání, bez finančního rozměru
Original: διπλῆ τιμή
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 5:17. τιμή’s range (honor/respect vs. concrete remuneration, made explicit by 5:18’s wage quotation) must be conveyed; a purely honorific-only rendering risks losing the financial-support dimension.
Accusation And Witnesses
Approved rendering: obžaloba / dva nebo tři svědci
Transliteration: katēgoria epi dyo ē triōn martyrōn
Doctrine: Elder Honor, Accountability, and Discipline
Original: κατηγορία ἐπὶ δύο ἢ τριῶν μαρτύρων
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 5:19. Legal-evidentiary standard drawn from Deuteronomy 19:15; the OT background should be briefly noted since it grounds the standard theologically.
Slaves
Approved rendering: otroci
Transliteration: douloi
Doctrine: Household Ethics: Slaves and Masters
Original: δοῦλοι
Category: Household Ethics
Occurs 6:1-2. Requires a contextualizing note distinguishing ancient household slavery from later chattel/race-based slavery, which the text does not describe or endorse; a Czech reader will otherwise default anachronistically to the transatlantic framework.
Godliness As Gain
Approved rendering: zbožnost jako prostředek k zisku
Transliteration: porismon einai tēn eusebeian
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: πορισμὸν εἶναι τὴν εὐσέβειαν
Category: Godliness
Occurs 6:5. May validate existing secular suspicion of religious institutions and money if not carefully framed as Paul’s own critique of corrupt teachers, not the letter’s overall view of religion.
Contentment
Approved rendering: spokojenost
Transliteration: autarkeia
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: αὐτάρκεια
Category: Godliness
Core text (6:6-8). Stable, positive secular Czech word (life-satisfaction) — a helpful point of contact — but must be paired carefully with ‘zisk’ (gain) to avoid a prosperity-gospel misreading; Paul’s point is an ironic reversal.
Good Confession
Approved rendering: dobré vyznání
Transliteration: hē kalē homologia
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Rejected alternatives: zpověď (katolická svátost zpovědi hříchů, odlišný pojem)
Original: ἡ καλὴ ὁμολογία
Category: Godliness
Occurs 6:12-13. ‘Vyznání’ must be distinguished from ‘zpověď’ (the Catholic sacrament of confession of sins) — a different, confusable Czech word; ‘vyznání’ (creed-like public declaration) is the correct register.
Immortality
Approved rendering: nesmrtelnost
Transliteration: athanasia
Doctrine: Deity and Sovereignty of God (Doxological Titles)
Original: ἀθανασία
Category: God
Occurs 6:16. Common secular usage leans toward mythological/fantasy tropes (vampires, video-game immortality) rather than a serious theological attribute; anchor to the specific claim that God alone possesses inherent, underived deathlessness.
Low Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: apoštol
Transliteration: apostolos
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs 1:1; 2:7.
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: díkůvzdání
Transliteration: eucharistia
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs 2:1; cf. 4:3-4 (thanksgiving over food).
Christ Name
Approved rendering: Kristus
Transliteration: Christos
Doctrine: Christology
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
New entry for this book, added to bible_term_registry.json. The established Czech proper-name form used throughout 1 Timothy in the combination ‘Kristus Ježíš’ / ‘Ježíš Kristus’, distinct from the explanatory doctrinal title ‘Mesiáš’ reserved for contexts explaining OT-messianic background.
Able To Teach
Approved rendering: schopný učit
Transliteration: didaktikos
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: διδακτικός
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:2. Directly connects to the Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching theme.
Violent Striker
Approved rendering: násilnický
Transliteration: plēktēs
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: πλήκτης
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:3. Transparent.
Peaceable
Approved rendering: pokojný
Transliteration: amachos
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ἄμαχος
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:3. Transparent.
Double Tongued
Approved rendering: dvojjazyčný
Transliteration: dilogos
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: δίλογος
Category: Church Leadership
Occurs 3:8. A plain gloss secures the sense.
Seen By Angels
Approved rendering: spatřen anděly
Transliteration: ōphthē angelois
Doctrine: Incarnation and the Christological Hymn
Original: ὤφθη ἀγγέλοις
Category: Christology
Occurs 3:16. ‘Anděl’ carries a shallow folk-Christmas/decorative association for most secular readers; not doctrinally wrong, just shallow.
Progress
Approved rendering: pokrok
Transliteration: prokopē
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: προκοπή
Category: Godliness
Occurs 4:15. Standard, transparent secular word, fine as-is.
Widow
Approved rendering: vdova
Transliteration: chēra
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
Original: χήρα
Category: Household Ethics
Central subject of Chapter 5. Stable, transparent term; the doctrinal weight lies in the surrounding argument, not this word itself.
Unapproachable Light
Approved rendering: nepřístupné světlo
Transliteration: phōs aprositon
Doctrine: Deity and Sovereignty of God (Doxological Titles)
Original: φῶς ἀπρόσιτον
Category: God
Occurs 6:16. Poetic image, transparent in Czech, low ambiguity.
Empty Chatter
Approved rendering: prázdné řeči
Transliteration: kenophōnia
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: κενοφωνία
Category: Sound Doctrine
Occurs 6:20. Transparent.
Referenced passages