Doctrine Analysis
Doctrine Analysis — Matthew 1–28 (English → Czech)
This document executes PRD Phase 1 Steps 4–5: the full doctrine matrix for the Matthew curriculum, and full-book chapter-by-chapter coverage verification. It is fully consistent with assets/doctrine_risk_registry.json (same 39 doctrine entries, same risk tiers, same Czech doctrine names) and extends the baseline Romans doctrine_risk_registry.json’s four-tier framework without contradiction. Core passage: Matouš 5:1–12 (the Beatitudes) is the theological anchor of the curriculum, not its scope boundary; full coverage below spans all 28 chapters.
Section A — Doctrine Matrix
Risk tiers and review routing mirror doctrine_risk_registry.json exactly: Critical/High → Human theologian, Medium → Native speaker review, Low → Automated review.
A.1 Kingdom of Heaven
| Doctrine (EN / CZ) | Supporting Passages (Matouš) | Risk | Translation Risk Summary | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Kingdom of Heaven / království nebeské | 3:2; 4:17; 5:3,10; 6:10,33; 13:24-52; 16:19; 21:43 | High | Matthew’s dominant idiom (32x); “království” risks a fairy-tale/fantasy-genre reading given its use in Czech children’s literature. Must be taught as God’s present-and-coming sovereign reign, organizing the whole Gospel. | Human theologian |
| Inaugurated-but-Unconsummated Kingdom / království již přítomné, ještě ne dovršené | 4:17; 6:10; 12:28 | Medium | No Czech idiom conveys “already begun, not yet complete”; readers default to purely future or purely accomplished readings. | Native speaker review |
| Mysteries of the Kingdom / tajemství království | 13:10-17; 13:11; 13:35 | Medium | ”Tajemství” evokes a detective-novel puzzle rather than divinely disclosed revelation; requires genre correction. | Native speaker review |
A.2 Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David
| Doctrine (EN / CZ) | Supporting Passages (Matouš) | Risk | Translation Risk Summary | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jesus as Messiah and Son of David / Mesiáš a Syn Davidův | 1:1,17; 9:27; 12:23; 15:22; 20:30-31; 21:9; 22:41-45 | Critical | Requires full OT messianic-expectation and Davidic-covenant background unavailable to a secular reader; without it, acclamations read as bare royal flattery. | Human theologian |
| The Son of Man / Syn člověka | 8:20; 9:6; 12:8; 16:13; 16:27-28; 24:27,30,37,44; 25:31; 26:64 | Critical | Secular readers default to “merely a human being” absent Daniel 7:13-14 background; must never be flattened to humility-only self-designation. | Human theologian |
| Deity of Christ / božství Kristovo | 1:23; 3:17; 9:2-8; 14:27,33; 16:16; 17:1-8; 28:9,17-18 | Critical | Cumulative worship trajectory (ambiguous homage 2:11 → unambiguous worship 28:9,17) must not soften into “great moral teacher,” a common secular-humanist framing with no corrective devotional culture. | Human theologian |
| Sonship of Christ / synovství Kristovo | 3:17; 16:16; 17:5; 26:63; 27:54 | Critical | Two heavenly-voice confirmations plus Peter’s and the centurion’s confessions; must remain eternal/unique, not the adoptive sense Romans 8 applies to believers. | Human theologian |
| Incarnation / vtělení | 1:18-23 | Critical | Very low everyday secular use means low competing meaning but also low recognition; pair with new transliteration “Emanuel” + gloss “Bůh s námi.” | Human theologian |
| Trinitarian Revelation / zjevení Trojice | 3:16-17; 12:28; 28:19 | Critical | Reuses all three baseline Critical God-terms (Otec, Syn, Duch svatý) simultaneously at 28:19; basic Trinitarian categories cannot be assumed. | Human theologian |
A.3 Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy
| Doctrine (EN / CZ) | Supporting Passages (Matouš) | Risk | Translation Risk Summary | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy / naplnění starozákonního proroctví | 1:22-23; 2:6,15,18,23; 4:14; 5:17; 8:17; 12:17; 12:39-40; 13:14,35; 21:4-5; 24:15; 26:56; 27:9 | High | Recurs ~12x, Matthew’s key structural marker; each occurrence needs OT background built from zero. | Human theologian |
A.4 The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
| Doctrine (EN / CZ) | Supporting Passages (Matouš) | Risk | Translation Risk Summary | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching / moc a pravomoc Ježíšova učení | 7:28-29; 8:9; 9:6,8; 21:23-27; 28:18 | Critical | ἐξουσία must be distinguished from δύναμις (both risk collapsing into “moc”); Jesus’ authority is a delegated right to act/forgive, not mere impressive ability. | Human theologian |
| Lordship of Christ / Kristovo panství | 7:21-23; 8:25; 12:8; 22:41-45; 28:18 | Critical | ”Pán/pán” is also “Mister/Sir”; 7:21-23’s false-profession warning compounds the capitalization-fragility risk already logged in the Romans baseline. | Human theologian |
| Sabbath and Jesus’ Authority Over It / sobota a Kristova moc nad ní | 12:1-14 | Critical | Ordinary Czech “sobota” = the weekday Saturday, near-zero residual religious content — sharper than any Romans-baseline term; the holy-rest-day concept must be built from absolute zero. | Human theologian |
A.5 Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
| Doctrine (EN / CZ) | Supporting Passages (Matouš) | Risk | Translation Risk Summary | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees / spravedlnost převyšující farizeje | 5:20,48; 6:1-18; 9:13; 15:1-20; 23:1-39 | High | Matthew layers an ethical sense onto the baseline’s forensic “spravedlnost”; translators must track which sense is active per occurrence. | Human theologian |
| The Law Fulfilled, Not Abolished / naplnění Zákona | 5:17-19,21-48; 22:36-40 | High | ”Naplnit” carries the whole Sermon’s Law-Gospel relationship; antitheses can look like ordinary ethical-improvement advice without OT background. | Human theologian |
| Human Tradition vs. God’s Command / lidská tradice oproti Božímu příkazu | 15:1-20 | Medium | Rabbinic-legal background and ritual-purity categories unfamiliar to secular readers; needs brief explanation. | Native speaker review |
| Repentance and Kingdom Entry / pokání a vstup do království | 3:2,8; 4:17 | High | ”Pokání” is strongly associated with the Catholic sacrament of confession, risking a formal-ritual reading rather than personal reorientation available to anyone. | Human theologian |
| Hypocrisy Versus Authentic Faith / pokrytectví oproti pravé víře | 6:1-18; 15:1-9; 23:1-39 | Low | ”Pokrytec” remains a vigorously used, non-archaic word; only the religious-performance connection needs teaching. | Automated review |
A.6 Sin, Salvation, and Atonement
| Doctrine (EN / CZ) | Supporting Passages (Matouš) | Risk | Translation Risk Summary | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Universal Human Accountability and Sin / všeobecná odpovědnost člověka a hřích | 1:21; 6:12; 9:2-8; 26:28 | High | Must overcome “hřích” used colloquially as “a shame/pity”; 9:2-8 requires Jesus’ forgiveness of sin preserved as a divine-authority claim, not therapeutic reassurance. | Human theologian |
| Salvation / spasení | 1:21; 19:25 | Critical | ”Spasení” registers as archaic/literary without live content; 1:21 (embedded in Jesus’ own name) requires the mandatory narrative gloss (from what, to what, by whom). | Human theologian |
| The Ransom and the Atonement / výkupné a smíření | 20:28; 26:26-28; 27:46 | Critical | ”Výkupné” is the everyday kidnapping-ransom word from Czech crime reporting; risks a grotesque hostage-taker picture of God. Mandatory narrative gloss every occurrence. | Human theologian |
| Grace Versus Merit / milost oproti zásluze | 20:1-16 | High | Unreflective use of the ordinary-wage word “mzda” risks smuggling in a merit-based theology contrary to grace; prefer “odplata” except for deliberate wage-provocation. | Human theologian |
A.7 Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
| Doctrine (EN / CZ) | Supporting Passages (Matouš) | Risk | Translation Risk Summary | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus / učednictví a cena následování Krista | 4:19-22; 10:37-39; 11:29-30; 16:24-26; 19:21 | High | ”Vzít svůj kříž” risks a decorative/funerary reading given the cross’s visual ubiquity; “jho” risks inverting Jesus’ “easy yoke” given Czech’s oppressive-burden connotation (Communism). | Human theologian |
| Faith and Little Faith / víra a malověrnost | 8:10,26; 9:22; 14:31; 15:28; 16:8; 17:20 | High | Object of faith (Jesus specifically) must stay explicit; “malověrní” describes struggling disciples, not unbelievers. | Human theologian |
| Confession and Denial of Christ / vyznání a zapření Krista | 10:32-33; 26:69-75 | High | Direct Matthean counterpart of the Romans 10:9 confession doctrine; must carry equal weight and cross-document consistency. | Human theologian |
| Divine Calling and Election / Boží povolání a vyvolení | 22:14; 24:22,31 | High | 22:14 pairs “povolaný” and “vyvolení” in one verse; neither universal invitation nor sovereign particularity may be diminished relative to the other. | Human theologian |
| Stewardship and Accountability / správcovství a odpovědnost před Bohem | 25:14-30 | Medium | False-friend “talent” (innate ability) narrows the parable’s broader stewardship sense; use “hřivny,” not “talenty.” | Native speaker review |
A.8 The Church and Church Discipline
| Doctrine (EN / CZ) | Supporting Passages (Matouš) | Risk | Translation Risk Summary | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Church’s Foundation and Delegated Authority / založení církve a svěřená pravomoc | 16:18-19 | Critical | Historically central to Catholic papal-authority claims, reinforced by widespread Petrine-keys iconography across the Czech landscape; Petr/skála wordplay does not carry over phonetically and must be explained. | Human theologian |
| The Church and Church Discipline / církev a církevní kázeň | 18:15-17 | High | Foundational text with widely varying denominational procedures; secular readers bring zero background either way. | Human theologian |
| Limitless Forgiveness Within the Community / neomezené odpuštění ve společenství | 18:21-35 | Medium | Numeric hyperbole translates cleanly; doctrinal weight is in the debtor parable, not lexical difficulty. | Native speaker review |
| Numerical Hyperbole for Limitless Forgiveness / číselná hyperbola neomezeného odpuštění | 18:22 | Low | Vivid, concrete hyperbole; low lexical risk. | Automated review |
| The Rejected Stone Becomes the Cornerstone / zavržený kámen se stává úhelným | 21:42 | Medium | Established literary/architectural term; messianic rejection-then-vindication narrative must be made explicit. | Native speaker review |
A.9 The Great Commission
| Doctrine (EN / CZ) | Supporting Passages (Matouš) | Risk | Translation Risk Summary | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Great Commission / velké poslání | 28:16-20 | Critical | Climactic missionary mandate universalizing the ch.10 “lost sheep of Israel” restriction; requires “národy” (not baseline “pohané”), an active disciple-making verb, and cross-reference to 1:23’s Immanuel. | Human theologian |
| Mission to the Nations / misie k národům | 8:5-13; 9:37-38; 10:5-6; 15:21-28; 24:14; 28:19 | High | Staged mission strategy (Israel-first, then universal) risks a permanent-ethnic-restriction misreading; “misie” carries a mild NGO/colonial connotation; needs non-confrontational evangelistic framing. | Human theologian |
A.10 Judgment and the End of the Age
| Doctrine (EN / CZ) | Supporting Passages (Matouš) | Risk | Translation Risk Summary | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Judgment and the End of the Age / soud a konec věku | 13:39-43,49-50; 18:8-9; 23:15,33; 24:1-51; 25:1-46 | Critical | ”Peklo” functions constantly as a casual hyperbolic exclamation; “konec věku” has zero assumable eschatological background. Both eternal outcomes require full narrative explanation. | Human theologian |
| The Second Coming of the Son of Man / druhý příchod Syna člověka | 24:3,15,27,30,37,39,44 | Critical | No everyday Czech equivalent for a visible, glorious, world-concluding arrival; “příchod” alone just means “arrival.” Danielic “abomination of desolation” background equally unavailable without scaffolding. | Human theologian |
| Eternal Destinies: Sheep and Goats / věčné určení: ovce a kozly | 25:14-30; 25:31-46 | Critical | Two, and only two, ultimate destinies; “věčný život” has a minor secular-dilution risk (living on in memory); “věčné odsouzení/trest” needs the same ground-zero conceptual building as “peklo.” | Human theologian |
| Blasphemy Against the Holy Spirit / rouhání proti Duchu svatému | 12:31-32 | Critical | Frequently misunderstood, pastorally anxiety-inducing; must be defined narrowly (willful, hardened attribution of the Spirit’s work to Satan). | Human theologian |
A.11 Beatitudes and Kingdom Character (Core Passage)
| Doctrine (EN / CZ) | Supporting Passages (Matouš) | Risk | Translation Risk Summary | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Beatitudes and Kingdom Character / blahoslavenství a povaha království | 5:1-12 | High | ”Blahoslavený” is the specific technical Catholic title for a beatified person, one rank below “svatý” — a sharper collision than the baseline’s “svatí” note, risking the Beatitudes read as describing a rare elite religious category rather than Jesus’ universal description of all kingdom citizens. Mandatory gloss at first use. | Human theologian |
Section B — Full-Book Chapter Coverage Verification (Matouš 1–28)
Every chapter of Matthew has been reviewed. No chapter is silently omitted; where a chapter’s content is fully covered by a doctrine already logged for an earlier or later chapter, that cross-reference is stated explicitly rather than left implicit.
| Ch. | Reviewed content / doctrines present | Cross-reference |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Incarnation; Messianic Promise/Son of David; Fulfillment of Prophecy; Sonship of Christ (implicit); Salvation (name “Jesus,” 1:21) | A.2, A.3, A.6 |
| 2 | Messianic Promise/Son of David; Fulfillment of Prophecy (multiple citations); Deity of Christ (Magi’s ambiguous homage, escalation-trajectory starting point) | A.2, A.3 |
| 3 | Repentance and Kingdom Entry; Kingdom of Heaven (announced “at hand”); Trinitarian Revelation (baptism); Sonship of Christ (heavenly voice) | A.1, A.2, A.5 |
| 4 | Kingdom of Heaven (already/not yet, “come near”); Discipleship and Cost (calling of first disciples); Fulfillment of Prophecy (Isaiah citation) | A.1, A.3, A.7 |
| 5 | Beatitudes and Kingdom Character (core passage, 5:1-12); The Law Fulfilled, Not Abolished; Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | A.11, A.5 |
| 6 | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees (piety practices — almsgiving, prayer, fasting); Kingdom of Heaven (“seek first”) | A.5, A.1 |
| 7 | The Law Fulfilled, Not Abolished; Lordship of Christ (“Lord, Lord” warning); Authority of Jesus’ Teaching (“as one having authority”) | A.5, A.4 |
| 8 | Faith and Little Faith (centurion); Authority of Jesus’ Teaching; Mission to the Nations (centurion foreshadowing Gentile inclusion) | A.7, A.4, A.9 |
| 9 | Universal Human Accountability and Sin (forgiveness of the paralytic); Authority of Jesus’ Teaching; Faith and Little Faith; Divine Calling (Matthew called); Grace Versus Merit (foreshadowed, “I desire mercy”) | A.6, A.4, A.7 |
| 10 | Mission to the Nations (lost sheep of Israel, staged strategy); Discipleship and Cost; Confession and Denial of Christ | A.9, A.7 |
| 11 | Discipleship and Cost (the easy yoke); Fulfillment of Prophecy (John the Baptist/Elijah typology); Kingdom of Heaven | A.7, A.3, A.1 |
| 12 | Sabbath and Jesus’ Authority Over It; Blasphemy Against the Holy Spirit; Fulfillment of Prophecy (sign of Jonah); Son of Man | A.4, A.10, A.3, A.2 |
| 13 | Kingdom of Heaven; Mysteries of the Kingdom; Judgment and the End of the Age (wheat/weeds); Fulfillment of Prophecy | A.1, A.10, A.3 |
| 14 | Deity of Christ (“I am,” walking on water, worship); Faith and Little Faith | A.2, A.7 |
| 15 | Human Tradition vs. God’s Command; Mission to the Nations (Canaanite woman); Faith and Little Faith | A.5, A.9, A.7 |
| 16 | Sonship of Christ and Deity of Christ (Peter’s confession); The Church’s Foundation and Delegated Authority (keys); Discipleship and Cost (take up cross); Son of Man | A.2, A.8, A.7 |
| 17 | Deity of Christ / Sonship of Christ (Transfiguration, heavenly voice); Faith and Little Faith (mustard seed) | A.2, A.7 |
| 18 | The Church and Church Discipline; Limitless Forgiveness Within the Community; Numerical Hyperbole for Forgiveness; Kingdom of Heaven (as a little child) | A.8, A.1 |
| 19 | Salvation (19:25, “who then can be saved?”); Discipleship and Cost (rich young man) | A.6, A.7 |
| 20 | Grace Versus Merit (Laborers in the Vineyard); The Ransom and the Atonement (20:28); Discipleship and Cost (request for greatness) | A.6, A.7 |
| 21 | Messianic Promise/Son of David (triumphal entry, “Hosanna”); The Rejected Stone Becomes the Cornerstone; Kingdom of Heaven (21:43 — the single Matthean “kingdom of God” exception) | A.2, A.8, A.1 |
| 22 | Divine Calling and Election (“many are called, few are chosen”); The Law Fulfilled (greatest commandment); Lordship of Christ (Psalm 110 dialogue) | A.7, A.5, A.4 |
| 23 | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees; Hypocrisy Versus Authentic Faith (woes against the Pharisees) | A.5 |
| 24 | The Second Coming of the Son of Man; Judgment and the End of the Age; Fulfillment of Prophecy (abomination of desolation) | A.10, A.3 |
| 25 | Eternal Destinies: Sheep and Goats; Stewardship and Accountability (talents); Judgment and the End of the Age; Second Coming (bridegroom parable) | A.10, A.7 |
| 26 | The Ransom and the Atonement (blood of the covenant, Last Supper); Confession and Denial of Christ (Peter’s denial); Sonship of Christ (trial before the high priest); Lordship of Christ | A.6, A.7, A.2, A.4 |
| 27 | The Ransom and the Atonement (Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani); Deity of Christ / Sonship of Christ (centurion’s confession, 27:54); Fulfillment of Prophecy | A.6, A.2, A.3 |
| 28 | The Great Commission; Trinitarian Revelation (baptismal formula, 28:19); The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching (“all authority”); Salvation and Deity of Christ (resurrection appearances, worship at 28:9,17) | A.9, A.2, A.4, A.6 |
Coverage confirmation: All 28 chapters of Matthew have been reviewed against the doctrine matrix in Section A. No chapter contributes doctrinal or terminological content requiring a new entry beyond those logged above; every chapter’s content maps to at least one doctrine already carried in Section A and in doctrine_risk_registry.json.
Summary Statistics (reconciled with doctrine_risk_registry.json)
| Risk Tier | Count | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 17 | Human theologian |
| High | 14 | Human theologian |
| Medium | 6 | Native speaker review |
| Low | 2 | Automated review |
| Total | 39 | — |
Note: the source doctrine_risk_registry.json risk_summary field states “Medium”: 7; the actual enumerated Medium-tier doctrine list in that same file contains 6 entries (kingdom_already_not_yet, mysteries_of_kingdom, forgiveness_within_community, tradition_of_elders_vs_gods_command, stewardship_and_accountability, cornerstone_rejection_and_vindication). This document reproduces all doctrines and tiers from the registry exactly as assigned; the summary-count discrepancy originates upstream in that file and is flagged here for correction at the next registry version increment, not silently resolved.
This document extends but never contradicts doctrine_risk_registry.json and the baseline Romans Language Package. See 08_core_glossary.md for term-level detail and 04_comparative_theology.md for cross-tradition interpretive analysis.
Critical Risk Doctrines
Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David
Czech name: Mesiáš a Syn Davidův
Key terms: messiah, christ, son of David, Hosanna to the Son of David
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: requires the entire Old Testament messianic-expectation and Davidic-covenant background, unavailable to a secular Czech reader with no assumed prior exposure to the Hebrew Scriptures; without it, the repeated messianic acclamations throughout Matthew register as bare royal flattery rather than a specific fulfillment claim.
The Son of Man
Czech name: Syn člověka
Key terms: Son of Man
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: a secular Czech reader will default ‘Syn člověka’ to ‘merely a human being’ without the Danielic apocalyptic-authority-and-glory background (Daniel 7:13-14); the title must never be flattened to a humility-only self-designation, since Matthew repeatedly pairs it with cosmic authority and glory claims.
Deity of Christ
Czech name: božství Kristovo
Key terms: Immanuel, worship, I am, transfiguration, forgiveness of sins, Son of God
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: reused and intensified from the Romans baseline. Matthew builds a cumulative trajectory (ambiguous homage at 2:11 escalating to unambiguous worship at 28:9,17) that must not be softened into ‘a great moral teacher,’ a common secular-humanist framing available to non-religious Czech readers with no competing devotional framework to correct it.
Sonship of Christ
Czech name: synovství Kristovo
Key terms: Son of God, This is my beloved Son
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: reused from the Romans baseline. Two direct heavenly-voice confirmations (3:17, 17:5) plus Peter’s and the centurion’s confessions make this the strongest possible textual warrant for eternal, unique Sonship, not the adoptive sense Romans 8 applies to believers.
Incarnation
Czech name: vtělení
Key terms: Immanuel, virgin, conceived by the Holy Spirit
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: reused from the Romans baseline. Very low everyday secular use of ‘vtělení’ means almost no competing secular meaning but also almost no pre-existing recognition; must be taught, not merely translated, and paired with the new proper-name transliteration ‘Emanuel’ + gloss ‘Bůh s námi.‘
Lordship of Christ
Czech name: Kristovo panství
Key terms: Lord, Lord, Lord, Lord of the Sabbath
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: reused from the Romans baseline. ‘Pán/pán’ is also the ordinary Czech word for ‘Mister/Sir’; Matt 7:21-23’s warning that mere verbal profession (‘Lord, Lord’) without obedience does not guarantee kingdom entry compounds the baseline’s capitalization-fragility concern with an additional false-profession risk.
The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Czech name: moc a pravomoc Ježíšova učení
Key terms: authority, as one having authority, all authority in heaven and on earth
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL, new doctrine not present in the Romans baseline: the Greek ἐξουσία (authorization/right) must be distinguished from δύναμις (raw power, already assigned Czech ‘moc’ in the baseline for ‘power of God’); if both are rendered simply ‘moc,’ the reader cannot follow Matthew’s repeated argument (7:29, 9:6,8, 21:23-27, 28:18) that Jesus’ authority is a delegated right to act and forgive, not merely impressive ability.
Sabbath and Jesus’ Authority Over It
Czech name: sobota a Kristova moc nad ní
Key terms: Sabbath, Lord of the Sabbath
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL, new doctrine not present in the Romans baseline and one of the sharpest secular collisions in this entire curriculum: ordinary Czech ‘sobota’ is simply the weekday name Saturday, with essentially zero residual religious content — sharper even than the baseline’s most severe existing terms, since a reader brings no theological association whatsoever. The entire concept of a commanded holy rest-day, and Jesus’ unique authority over it, must be built from absolute zero.
The Ransom and the Atonement
Czech name: výkupné a smíření
Key terms: ransom, blood of the covenant, my God, my God, why have you forsaken me
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: ordinary Czech ‘výkupné’ is the everyday word for a kidnapping/hostage ransom payment, regularly used in Czech crime reporting — one of the most severe secular collisions in this Language Package, risking either a grotesque picture of God as a hostage-taker or dismissal of the atonement image as a bizarre criminal metaphor. Requires mandatory explicit narrative gloss every occurrence.
Salvation
Czech name: spasení
Key terms: salvation, saved, he will save his people from their sins
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: reused from the Romans baseline. ‘Spasení’ still registers to most readers as an archaic, quasi-literary word without live conceptual content; Matt 1:21 (the term’s first Matthean occurrence, embedded in Jesus’ own name) requires the baseline’s mandatory narrative gloss (from what, to what, by whom).
The Church’s Foundation and Delegated Authority
Czech name: založení církve a svěřená pravomoc
Key terms: on this rock I will build my church, keys of the kingdom, bind and loose
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: this text is historically central to Roman Catholic papal-authority claims, visually reinforced by widespread Petrine-keys iconography across the Czech landscape — a live visual touchpoint even for secular Czechs who regularly visit churches as heritage sites. A secular reader may unconsciously import papal-succession assumptions; requires explicit doctrinal framing appropriate to this curriculum’s tradition. Note also that the Petr/skála wordplay does not carry over phonetically into Czech and must be explained rather than assumed self-evident.
Judgment and the End of the Age
Czech name: soud a konec věku
Key terms: end of the age, Gehenna/hell, eternal life, eternal punishment, great tribulation
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: ‘peklo’ functions constantly in ordinary Czech as a casual hyperbolic exclamation for any unpleasant situation, and ‘konec věku’ has zero assumable eschatological background for a secular reader; both outcomes (eternal life and eternal punishment) require full narrative explanation, not lexical translation alone, at every occurrence.
The Second Coming of the Son of Man
Czech name: druhý příchod Syna člověka
Key terms: Parousia, coming of the Son of Man, abomination of desolation
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: no everyday Czech equivalent captures the technical theological sense of a visible, glorious, world-concluding arrival; ordinary ‘příchod’ alone means simply ‘arrival,’ so the doctrinal content must be built entirely from explanatory context, with the Danielic ‘abomination of desolation’ background equally unavailable without extensive scaffolding.
Eternal Destinies: Sheep and Goats
Czech name: věčné určení: ovce a kozly
Key terms: eternal life, eternal punishment, talents
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: presents two, and only two, ultimate destinies; ‘věčný život’ carries a minor secular dilution risk (loosely used for ‘living on in memory/legacy’), while ‘věčné odsouzení/trest’ is far less familiar and needs the same foundational conceptual-building as ‘peklo,’ both requiring narrative rather than merely lexical explanation.
Blasphemy Against the Holy Spirit
Czech name: rouhání proti Duchu svatému
Key terms: blasphemy against the Spirit, unforgivable sin
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: a frequently misunderstood and anxiety-inducing text pastorally, with a well-documented history of causing distress when handled imprecisely; must be defined narrowly (willful, hardened attribution of the Spirit’s work to Satan), not left as a vague, anxiety-inducing threat, especially for readers with no prior doctrinal framework to contextualize it.
The Great Commission
Czech name: velké poslání
Key terms: go and make disciples of all nations, all authority in heaven and on earth, I am with you always
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: the Gospel’s climactic missionary mandate, universalizing the earlier ‘lost sheep of Israel’ restriction (ch.10). Requires ‘národy’ (not baseline’s ‘pohané’) for the inclusive sense of ‘all nations,’ an active disciple-making verb rather than a passive ‘teach about’ rendering, and cross-reference to 1:23’s Immanuel as the Gospel’s structural bookend.
Trinitarian Revelation
Czech name: zjevení Trojice
Key terms: baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, Spirit descending like a dove, This is my beloved Son
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL: reuses all three baseline Critical God-language terms (Otec, Syn, Duch svatý) simultaneously at the baptismal formula (28:19); since basic Trinitarian categories cannot be assumed as background knowledge for a secular Czech reader, this is the single highest-value location in the whole curriculum for foundational Trinity teaching.
High Risk Doctrines
The Kingdom of Heaven
Czech name: království nebeské
Key terms: kingdom of heaven, kingdom of God, kingdom has come near, seek first the kingdom
Review routing: Human theologian
Matthew’s dominant idiom (32x) elevates the baseline’s Medium-risk ‘království Boží’ note to High: ‘království’ is a common word in Czech children’s stories and fantasy literature, and because this phrase organizes the entire Gospel, an unaddressed fairy-tale-kingdom misreading here compromises the whole book rather than an isolated verse. Must be taught as God’s present-and-coming sovereign reign, not a future-only or fantasy realm.
Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy
Czech name: naplnění starozákonního proroctví
Key terms: that it might be fulfilled, prophet, prophecy, sign of Jonah, abomination of desolation
Review routing: Human theologian
Elevated from the Romans baseline’s Medium rating because Matthew’s fulfillment formula recurs roughly a dozen times and is the book’s single most important structural marker; each occurrence requires OT narrative background built essentially from zero for a general secular readership with no assumed background in the Hebrew Scriptures.
Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Czech name: spravedlnost převyšující farizeje
Key terms: righteousness, hypocrite, pure in heart, perfect, tradition of the elders, defile
Review routing: Human theologian
Matthew layers an ethical sense of ‘spravedlnost’ onto the baseline’s forensic Salvation sense; translators must track which sense is active per occurrence so that the ethical demand of exceeding Pharisaic conformity is not softened into an already-satisfied forensic status, nor the forensic gift reduced to mere moral performance.
The Law Fulfilled, Not Abolished
Czech name: naplnění Zákona
Key terms: fulfill (the Law), Law, You have heard… but I say to you
Review routing: Human theologian
The verb ‘naplnit’ carries enormous doctrinal weight for how the whole Sermon on the Mount relates Law to Gospel; for a secular reader with no OT background, the antitheses (‘You have heard… but I say’) can look like ordinary ethical improvement advice rather than a divine authority claim equal to, and completing, Moses.
Universal Human Accountability and Sin
Czech name: všeobecná odpovědnost člověka a hřích
Key terms: sin, your sins are forgiven, forgiveness of sins
Review routing: Human theologian
As in the Romans baseline, must be built up against the colloquially weakened, low-stakes everyday use of ‘hřích’ as a mild idiom for ‘a shame/pity’; Matt 9:2-8 additionally requires that Jesus’ forgiveness of sin be preserved as an implicit claim to divine authority, not softened into generic therapeutic reassurance.
Grace Versus Merit
Czech name: milost oproti zásluze
Key terms: grace, reward, wage, Laborers in the Vineyard
Review routing: Human theologian
The clearest Matthean narrative illustration of the baseline’s Grace doctrine; unreflective use of the ordinary-wage word ‘mzda’ throughout risks smuggling in a merit-based, works-earn-payment theology directly contrary to grace’s unmerited character, requiring the more neutral ‘odplata’ except where the deliberate wage-provocation of this specific parable is intended.
Faith and Little Faith
Czech name: víra a malověrnost
Key terms: faith, little faith, great is your faith
Review routing: Human theologian
Reused from the Romans baseline; the object of faith (Jesus specifically) must remain explicit since secular Czech readers default ‘víra’ to generic belief or self-confidence. The new compound ‘malověrní’ describes struggling disciples, not unbelievers, and must not be read as total spiritual failure.
Divine Calling and Election
Czech name: Boží povolání a vyvolení
Key terms: called, chosen, many are called but few are chosen, gather his elect
Review routing: Human theologian
Reused from the Romans baseline; Matt 22:14 pairs ‘povolaný’ and ‘vyvolení’ in a single verse, requiring careful handling so that neither the universal scope of the invitation nor the sovereign particularity of the choosing is diminished relative to the other.
Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Czech name: učednictví a cena následování Krista
Key terms: disciple, take up his cross, yoke, follow me, deny himself
Review routing: Human theologian
‘Vzít svůj kříž’ risks a merely decorative/funerary association given the cross’s visual ubiquity in the Czech landscape, detached from its self-denying meaning; ‘jho’ risks directly inverting Jesus’ ‘easy yoke’ image because Czech’s dominant connotation is oppressive burden (slavery, ‘jho komunismu’).
Confession and Denial of Christ
Czech name: vyznání a zapření Krista
Key terms: confess, deny, Peter’s denial
Review routing: Human theologian
Direct Matthean counterpart of the baseline’s Romans 10:9 Lordship-confession doctrine and must carry equal theological weight and cross-document rendering consistency; Peter’s narrative denial and later restoration functions as the concrete cautionary illustration of the earlier teaching.
The Church and Church Discipline
Czech name: církev a církevní kázeň
Key terms: tell it to the church, if he refuses to listen
Review routing: Human theologian
The foundational biblical text for church discipline; denominational procedures vary widely across Christian traditions, and a secular Czech reader has zero background assumption either way, requiring careful, tradition-appropriate framing alongside the baseline’s existing note that ‘církev’ must be kept distinct from the building ‘kostel.‘
Mission to the Nations
Czech name: misie k národům
Key terms: lost sheep of Israel, harvest is plentiful, all nations, centurion’s faith, Canaanite woman’s faith
Review routing: Human theologian
Matthew stages the mission strategy (Israel-first in ch.10, universalized in ch.28); without careful teaching a reader could wrongly conclude the theology is permanently ethnically restricted. ‘Misie’ also carries a mild NGO-humanitarian or colonial-era connotation in contemporary secular Czech usage, and evangelistic urgency needs non-confrontational framing given secular Czech sensitivity to perceived religious intrusiveness.
The Beatitudes and Kingdom Character
Czech name: blahoslavenství a povaha království
Key terms: blessed, poor in spirit, meek, merciful, pure in heart, peacemakers, persecuted for righteousness
Review routing: Human theologian
HIGH RISK, the core passage of this curriculum: Czech Catholic usage makes ‘blahoslavený’ the specific technical title for a beatified person, one canonical rank below ‘svatý’ (Saint) — a sharper collision than the baseline’s parallel ‘svatí’ note, since it names an actual bureaucratic Church rank, risking the Beatitudes being read as describing a rare elite religious category rather than Jesus’ universal description of kingdom citizens. Requires a mandatory explanatory gloss at first use.
Repentance and Kingdom Entry
Czech name: pokání a vstup do království
Key terms: repent, repentance, turn back to God
Review routing: Human theologian
In Czech Catholic-heritage culture, ‘pokání’ is strongly associated with the specific sacrament of confession/penance, risking the reader assuming a formal churchly ritual requiring a priest rather than a personal reorientation of life and mind available to anyone, with or without a church.
Medium Risk Doctrines
The Kingdom’s Inaugurated-but-Unconsummated Arrival
Czech name: království již přítomné, ještě ne dovršené
Key terms: kingdom has come near, your kingdom come
Review routing: Native speaker review
Czech has no idiomatic shortcut conveying an event that is both truly begun and not yet complete; without explicit teaching, readers will default to either a purely future or purely already-accomplished reading.
The Mysteries of the Kingdom
Czech name: tajemství království
Key terms: mysteries of the kingdom, parable
Review routing: Native speaker review
Ordinary Czech ‘tajemství’ evokes a detective-novel puzzle to be solved by clever people, rather than a previously hidden divine truth graciously disclosed by revelation; needs explicit genre correction.
Limitless Forgiveness Within the Community
Czech name: neomezené odpuštění ve společenství
Key terms: seventy times seven, unforgiving servant
Review routing: Native speaker review
The numeric hyperbole (‘sedmdesátkrát sedmkrát’) translates cleanly and vividly into Czech; the doctrinal weight lies in the debtor parable’s illustration of God’s own limitless forgiveness, not in lexical difficulty.
Human Tradition Versus God’s Actual Command
Czech name: lidská tradice oproti Božímu příkazu
Key terms: tradition of the elders, defile
Review routing: Native speaker review
The specific rabbinic-legal background of ‘tradice starších’ and ritual-purity categories underlying ‘znečišťuje’ are unfamiliar to a secular Czech reader and need brief explanation before Jesus’ contrast with God’s actual commandment can land.
Stewardship and Accountability Before God
Czech name: správcovství a odpovědnost před Bohem
Key terms: talents, faithful servant
Review routing: Native speaker review
The false-friend Czech word ‘talent’ (innate ability) risks narrowing the parable’s original broader stewardship sense (all entrusted resources, opportunities, and responsibilities) to natural gifts alone; the historical monetary term ‘hřivny’ should be used instead.
The Rejected Stone Becomes the Cornerstone
Czech name: zavržený kámen se stává úhelným
Key terms: cornerstone, the stone the builders rejected
Review routing: Native speaker review
An established but somewhat literary/architectural Czech term; the messianic rejection-then-vindication narrative must be explained explicitly, since the architectural metaphor alone will not communicate the Christological doctrine.
Low Risk Doctrines
Hypocrisy Versus Authentic Faith
Czech name: pokrytectví oproti pravé víře
Key terms: hypocrite, woes against the Pharisees
Review routing: Automated review
Unusually for this Language Package, Czech ‘pokrytec’ remains a vigorously used, non-archaic everyday word; low risk, since only the connection to the specific religious-performance context requires teaching, not the word’s basic meaning.
Numerical Hyperbole for Limitless Forgiveness
Czech name: číselná hyperbola neomezeného odpuštění
Key terms: seventy times seven
Review routing: Automated review
Vivid, numerically concrete hyperbole that translates cleanly and is easily grasped in Czech without special doctrinal scaffolding.
Referenced passages