Doctrine Analysis
Doctrine Analysis — 2 Timothy (English → Czech)
Purpose and Scope
This document provides the full doctrine matrix for the entire book of 2 Timothy (chapters 1–4), satisfying the PRD Phase 1 full-book-coverage mandate. The core passage, 2 Timothy 3:14–4:5, is the theological anchor of the curriculum — the fullest concentration of Inspiration/Sufficiency of Scripture and Charge-to-Preach material — but every chapter of the book is analyzed below, whether or not it contributes new curriculum-defining terms.
This matrix is fully consistent with assets/doctrine_risk_registry.json (v1): same 23 named doctrines, same risk tiers, same review routing. No new doctrines are introduced here that are absent from the registry, and no registry doctrine is omitted. Risk-tier and terminology conventions inherit without contradiction from the Romans baseline (translation_memory.json, bible_term_registry.json, doctrine_risk_registry.json, 12_ai_translation_requirements.md).
Language Package framing carried forward from the baseline: for a Czech readership, the dominant risk is normally the absence of a prior conceptual framework, not a competing wrong one. 2 Timothy is a partial exception: the book itself contains internal false teaching (2:18’s claim that the resurrection has already occurred) that must be actively distinguished from the book’s own doctrine, or a reader with no prior framework could absorb the error as the text’s position rather than the heresy it names.
Part 1: Chapter-by-Chapter Doctrinal Analysis
Chapter 1 (2. Timoteovi 1:1–18) — Charge, Gospel Confidence, and Suffering Without Shame
Chapter 1 establishes the epistle’s relational and doctrinal foundation: Paul’s apostolic greeting, thanksgiving for Timothy’s inherited faith, and the charge to not be ashamed of the gospel or of Paul’s imprisonment.
| Doctrine (registry name) | Verses in ch.1 | Risk | Translation risk in this chapter | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gospel | 1:8, 1:10 | High | ”Evangelium” must be actively defined at first occurrence in the curriculum; ch.1 is the first appearance in this book. | Human theologian |
| Grace | 1:2, 1:9 | High | Appears first in the expanded greeting triad “milost, milosrdenství, pokoj” (1:2) — must not be flattened into a synonym of the adjacent “milosrdenství.” | Human theologian |
| Faith | 1:5 | High | Timothy’s “sincere faith” traced through Lois and Eunice; object of faith (Christ) must remain explicit even though not restated in this verse. | Human theologian |
| Lordship of Christ | 1:8, 1:16, 1:18 | Critical | Three occurrences of “Pán” in one chapter; capitalization discipline required every time. | Human theologian |
| Deity and Sonship of Christ | 1:1–2, 1:9–10 | Critical | ”Christ Jesus” used repeatedly as a bare title-name pair; 1:10’s “abolished death, brought life and immortality” needs Christological framing, not a vague metaphor of hope. | Human theologian |
| Shame and Bold Confession of the Gospel | 1:8, 1:12, 1:16 | High | Direct verbal echo of Romans 1:16 (“nestydím se za evangelium”); must render “stydět se/nestyď se” identically across all curriculum documents per baseline cross-document consistency rule. | Human theologian |
| Divine and Holy Calling | 1:9 | High | ”Svaté povolání” combines two already-High-risk terms; acute risk of a “holy profession” (clergy-as-job) misreading. | Human theologian |
| Mercy in the Apostolic Greeting | 1:2, 1:16, 1:18 | Medium | ”Milosrdenství” must stay conceptually distinct from “milost” in the greeting triad and in the Onesiphorus passages (1:16, 1:18). | Native speaker |
| Godly Love versus Self-Love/Love of the World | 1:7 | Medium | ”Duch bázlivosti” (spirit of fear/timidity) contrasted with “moc, láska a rozvaha” (power, love, self-control); “láska” here is Spirit-given courage-enabling love, not romantic affection. | Native speaker |
| Perseverance under Suffering | 1:8 | High | First occurrence of the suffering-for-the-gospel theme (“snášet útrapy pro evangelium spolu se mnou”); must anchor to gospel-specific suffering, not generic hardship. | Human theologian |
| Faithful Transmission of the Gospel | 1:12, 1:14 | High | First occurrence of “svěřený poklad” (parathēkē); establishes the chain-of-custody image continued in chapter 2. | Human theologian |
| Guarding Sound Doctrine | 1:13 | High | ”Zdravá slova” (sound words) — first occurrence of the health-metaphor family completed by “zdravé učení” in 4:3. | Human theologian |
Chapter 1 coverage note: every verse in this chapter maps to at least one registry doctrine; no unaddressed content remains.
Chapter 2 (2. Timoteovi 2:1–26) — Endurance, Faithful Transmission, and Rightly Handling the Word
Chapter 2 develops three athletic/agricultural/military metaphors for ministry endurance (soldier, athlete, farmer), the “trustworthy saying” about dying and reigning with Christ, the warning against quarreling over words, and the pastoral instruction on restoring those ensnared by the devil.
| Doctrine (registry name) | Verses in ch.2 | Risk | Translation risk in this chapter | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grace | 2:1 | High | ”Posiluj se v milosti, která je v Kristu Ježíši” — grace as an ongoing source of strength, not a one-time transaction. | Human theologian |
| Lordship of Christ | 2:19, 2:22 | Critical | 2:19’s “kdo vyznává jméno Pána” reinforces the confession-formula link to Romans 10:9; capitalization discipline required. | Human theologian |
| Faith | 2:18, 2:22 | High | 2:18 uses “faith” negatively (false teachers “overturning the faith of some”) — must not be misread as the book’s own faith-teaching. | Human theologian |
| Resurrection of Christ | 2:8, 2:18 | Critical | 2:8 states the true doctrine; 2:18 quotes the false teachers’ claim the resurrection “already happened” — this must be unmistakably framed (quotation marks, attribution clause) as the error condemned, never presented as ambiguous or as the book’s teaching. | Human theologian |
| Deity and Sonship of Christ | 2:8 | Critical | ”Pamatuj na Ježíše Krista, vzkříšeného z mrtvých, původem z rodu Davidova” packs incarnation, Davidic covenant, and resurrection into one verse; each element needs its established gloss. | Human theologian |
| Perseverance under Suffering | 2:3, 2:9, 2:12 | High | Soldier/athlete/farmer metaphors risk secular “grit”/self-help flattening unless explicitly tied to suffering “for the gospel.” 2:12’s “if we endure, we will also reign” links endurance directly to Assurance of Reward. | Human theologian |
| Election and Effectual Calling | 2:10 | High | ”Pro vyvolené” — must not register as competitive selection (job interview, sports tryout). | Human theologian |
| Sanctification | 2:21 | High | Vessel metaphor (“nádoba… posvěcená, užitečná Pánu”) is a substantially different sense from the ceremonial “posvěcení kostela” a Czech reader is more likely to know. | Human theologian |
| Guarding Sound Doctrine | 2:14–18 | High | ”Hádat se o slova,” “bezbožné prázdné řeči,” “sněť/rakovina” of false teaching, and “orthotomeō” (2:15, “správně vykládat slovo pravdy”) form a tightly linked metaphor cluster requiring consistent, non-literal rendering. | Human theologian |
| Faithful Transmission of the Gospel | 2:2, 2:9 | High | 2:2’s “svěř věrným lidem” is the doctrine’s programmatic statement (Paul → Timothy → faithful people → others); 2:9’s “Boží slovo není spoutáno” is a strong encouragement verse recommended for pedagogical emphasis. | Human theologian |
| Repentance | 2:25–26 | High | ”Pokání” (metanoia) needs the same narrative, from-scratch teaching treatment already mandated for “spasení” — a stable Bible-tradition word without live conceptual content for a secular reader. | Human theologian |
| Reality and Work of the Devil | 2:26 | High | ”Osidlo ďáblovo” (snare of the devil) — first devil/Satan reference in this curriculum; must use “ďábel”/“satan,” never the idiomatic, folkloric “čert.” | Human theologian |
Chapter 2 coverage note: every verse maps to at least one registry doctrine; the chapter is the doctrinal hinge connecting Perseverance, Guarding Sound Doctrine, and Faithful Transmission.
Chapter 3 (2. Timoteovi 3:1–17) — Apostasy in the Last Days and the Sufficiency of Scripture
Chapter 3 pivots from ministry endurance to a vice-list description of “difficult times” in the “last days,” Paul’s own example of persecution endured, and — beginning at 3:14 — the opening half of the core passage on Scripture’s origin, authority, and sufficiency.
| Doctrine (registry name) | Verses in ch.3 | Risk | Translation risk in this chapter | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days | 3:1–9, 3:13 | Critical | ”Poslední dny” risks a pop-culture “apocalypse” reading rather than the NT sense of the whole church age; “morphōsis eusebeias” (“podoba zbožnosti bez její moci,” 3:5) is the chapter’s identifying mark of false religion and must not flatten into generic hypocrisy. | Human theologian |
| Perseverance under Suffering | 3:11–12 | High | ”Pronásledování” (persecutions) — Paul’s autobiographical example; must retain the theological framing (suffering for godliness in Christ), not generic hardship. | Human theologian |
| Providence and Divine Faithfulness in Suffering | 3:11 | Medium | ”Pán mě ze všech vysvobodil” — must be framed as personal, purposive divine rescue, not fatalistic “osud” or lucky “štěstí.” | Native speaker |
| Sin and Human Accountability | 3:6 | Medium | ”Obtížené hříchy” (laden with sins) risks the colloquial, weakened “to je hřích” (what a pity) idiom rather than the serious moral weight intended, especially given the exploitative context described. | Native speaker |
| Faith | 3:10, 3:15 | High | 3:15’s “moudrost ke spasení skrze víru v Krista Ježíše” is a dense compound clause combining three Critical/High terms (wisdom, salvation, faith in Christ Jesus) that must each retain their established gloss. | Human theologian |
| Godly Love versus Self-Love/Love of the World | 3:2–4 | Medium | The vice list’s climax, “milující rozkoš více než milující Boha,” is a rhetorical parallel structure that must be preserved in Czech word order/emphasis. | Native speaker |
| Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture | 3:14–17 | Critical | Opening half of the core passage. “Svatá Písma” (3:15) and “veškeré Písmo je vdechnuté Bohem” (3:16) are the doctrine’s load-bearing statements; “theopneustos” must render as “Bohem vdechnuté,” never the weaker secular-creative “inspirované.” “Paideia” (3:16, “výchova”) must be actively distinguished from secular child-rearing. | Human theologian |
Chapter 3 coverage note: every verse maps to at least one registry doctrine; 3:14–17 marks the formal opening of the core passage boundary (3:14–4:5).
Chapter 4 (2. Timoteovi 4:1–22) — The Charge to Preach and the Assurance of Reward
Chapter 4 completes the core passage (4:1–5) with Paul’s climactic solemn charge, then moves into his final testimony (4:6–8), personal circumstances and betrayals (4:9–16), and closing greetings/benediction (4:17–22).
| Doctrine (registry name) | Verses in ch.4 | Risk | Translation risk in this chapter | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture | 4:1–2 (contextual continuation) | Critical | The charge to “preach the word” (4:2) is the direct pastoral outworking of 3:16–17’s doctrine of Scripture; the two halves of the core passage must read as a single unbroken argument in translation, not two disconnected units. | Human theologian |
| The Charge to Preach the Word | 4:1–2, 4:5 | High | Close of the core passage. “Důrazně přikazuji” (diamartyromai, 4:1) must carry courtroom-level solemnity; “kaž Boží slovo” must be anchored explicitly to “Boží slovo”/“evangelium,” not left as a generic imperative; “evangelista” (4:5) requires an explanatory gloss to prevent a “Gospel-author” misreading. | Human theologian |
| Guarding Sound Doctrine | 4:3–4 | High | ”Zdravé učení” (4:3) is the doctrine’s culminating statement in the book, paired with “báje/bajky” (myths, 4:4), which risks a classical/Slavic-mythology literary misreading unless clearly framed as unspecified false doctrine. | Human theologian |
| Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days | 4:3–4 | Critical | ”Svědění v uších” (itching ears) and “odvrátit se od pravdy” describe the same last-days apostasy pattern named in chapter 3; must be read as continuous with, not separate from, that doctrine. | Human theologian |
| Lordship of Christ | 4:8, 4:17, 4:18, 4:22 | Critical | Four further occurrences of “Pán” in this chapter alone; total book frequency is the highest of any Critical-risk term. | Human theologian |
| Assurance of Reward | 4:7, 4:8, 4:14, 4:16 | High | The book’s climactic doctrinal statement. “Koruna spravedlnosti” (4:8) risks collision with the Czech currency (koruna) unless explicitly taught as an athletic victor’s wreath; “odplatit podle skutků” (4:14, negative example of Alexander) and “ať se jim to nepřičte” (4:16) must be kept distinct from justification-by-faith-alone — this is eschatological recompense for deeds, not a statement about the basis of salvation. | Human theologian |
| Christ’s Appearing and His Kingdom | 4:1, 4:8, 4:18 | Medium | ”Příchod” (epiphaneia) is preferred over “zjevení,” which collides with the biblical book title “Zjevení Janovo” (Revelation); “království” carries the baseline’s fairy-tale-kingdom association. | Native speaker |
| Providence and Divine Faithfulness in Suffering | 4:17–18 | Medium | ”Pán při mně stál a posílil mě… vysvobodil jsem byl z tlamy lva” — vivid rescue imagery must retain personal, purposive divine agency, not read as a proverb about luck or fate. | Native speaker |
| Faith | 4:7 | High | ”Víru jsem zachoval” — deliberate echo of the “guard the deposit” theme; must remain vocabulary-linked to “svěřený poklad” (parathēkē) for cross-document consistency. | Human theologian |
| Godly Love versus Self-Love/Love of the World | 4:10 | Medium | Demas “having loved this present age” — negative example; “láska” here must not soften into mere preference or read as neutral. | Native speaker |
| Grace | 4:22 | High | Closing benediction “Milost s vámi” — final book-wide occurrence; must match the established rendering used throughout. | Human theologian |
Chapter 4 coverage note: every verse maps to at least one registry doctrine; this chapter completes the core passage boundary and contains the highest concentration of Critical-risk Lordship-of-Christ occurrences in the book.
Part 2: Consolidated Full-Book Doctrine Matrix
The following table restates all 23 doctrines from doctrine_risk_registry.json (v1) in a single reference view, consistent in name, risk tier, and review routing with that registry.
| # | Doctrine | Supporting passages (2 Timothy) | Risk | Translation risk summary | Review routing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture | 3:14–15, 3:16–17 | Critical | ”Theopneustos” must render as “Bohem vdechnuté,” not the weaker secular-creative “inspirované”; “paideia” (výchova) must be distinguished from secular child-rearing. | Human theologian |
| 2 | Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days | 3:1–9, 3:13, 2:16–18, 2:25–26, 4:3–4 | Critical | 2:18’s false resurrection claim must be unmistakably framed as error, not the book’s own teaching; “ďábel” must never be rendered with folkloric “čert.” | Human theologian |
| 3 | Lordship of Christ | 1:8, 1:16, 1:18, 2:19, 2:22, 4:8, 4:17–18, 4:22 | Critical | Highest-frequency Critical term in the book; capitalization alone is a fragile signal for exclusive divine lordship. | Human theologian |
| 4 | Resurrection of Christ | 2:8, 2:18 | Critical | Must distinguish the book’s true doctrine (2:8) from the false teachers’ error (2:18) with unmistakable framing. | Human theologian |
| 5 | Deity and Sonship of Christ | 1:1–2, 1:9–10, 2:8 | Critical | ”Christ Jesus” risks processing as a bare proper-name-title pair rather than a deity-and-humanity claim without accompanying explanation. | Human theologian |
| 6 | Faithful Transmission of the Gospel | 1:12, 1:14, 2:2, 2:9 | High | ”Svěřený poklad” must never be rendered “odkaz” (hyperlink/generic legacy in modern usage), which would trivialize the apostolic trust. | Human theologian |
| 7 | Guarding Sound Doctrine | 1:13, 2:14–18, 4:3–4 | High | ”Zdravé” primarily signals physical health in everyday Czech; the doctrinal-health metaphor must be actively unpacked. | Human theologian |
| 8 | The Charge to Preach the Word | 4:1–2, 4:5 | High | ”Evangelista” collides with “the four Gospel-writers” in common Czech usage; needs an explanatory gloss. | Human theologian |
| 9 | Perseverance under Suffering | 1:8, 2:3, 2:9, 2:12, 3:11–12, 4:5 | High | Endurance vocabulary is heavily used in secular self-help/fitness/career contexts; must anchor explicitly to gospel-specific suffering. | Human theologian |
| 10 | Assurance of Reward | 4:7, 4:8, 4:14, 4:16 | High | ”Koruna” collides with the Czech currency; must be taught as an athletic victor’s wreath, not a wage, to avoid colliding with the Grace-versus-merit rule. | Human theologian |
| 11 | Gospel | 1:8, 1:10, 2:8, 2:9 | High | Cannot be assumed to carry inherited meaning; requires active definition, echoing the Romans baseline treatment. | Human theologian |
| 12 | Grace | 1:2, 1:9, 2:1, 4:22 | High | Must be kept conceptually distinct from adjacent “milosrdenství” (mercy) in the expanded greeting triad. | Human theologian |
| 13 | Faith | 1:5, 2:18, 2:22, 3:10, 3:15, 4:7 | High | Object of faith (Christ) must remain explicit; 2:18’s negative use must not be mistaken for the book’s teaching. | Human theologian |
| 14 | Sanctification | 2:21 | High | Vessel metaphor is substantially different from the more familiar ceremonial “posvěcení kostela.” | Human theologian |
| 15 | Divine and Holy Calling | 1:9 | High | ”Svaté povolání” risks a “holy profession” (clergy-as-job) misreading, compounding two already-High-risk terms. | Human theologian |
| 16 | Election and Effectual Calling | 2:10 | High | ”Vyvolení” must not register as competitive selection (job interview, sports tryout). | Human theologian |
| 17 | Repentance | 2:25–26 | High | Stable Bible-tradition word without live conceptual content for a secular reader; needs from-scratch narrative teaching. | Human theologian |
| 18 | Reality and Work of the Devil | 2:26 | High | Must use “ďábel”/“satan,” never idiomatic “čert,” which flattens the devil into a comic exclamatory figure. | Human theologian |
| 19 | Shame and Bold Confession of the Gospel | 1:8, 1:12, 1:16 | High | Direct echo of Romans 1:16; must render identically across curriculum documents per baseline consistency rule. | Human theologian |
| 20 | Sin and Human Accountability | 3:6 | Medium | Risk of the colloquial, weakened “to je hřích” (what a pity) idiom rather than serious moral transgression. | Native speaker |
| 21 | Godly Love versus Self-Love and Love of the World | 1:7, 3:2–4, 4:10 | Medium | Everyday “láska” spans romantic/generic affection; the Christ-shaped, self-giving/negatively-contrasted senses must be actively distinguished. | Native speaker |
| 22 | Mercy in the Apostolic Greeting | 1:2, 1:16, 1:18 | Medium | Must be kept conceptually distinct from “milost” rather than treated as a synonym. | Native speaker |
| 23 | Christ’s Appearing and His Kingdom | 4:1, 4:8, 4:18 | Medium | ”Zjevení” collides with the book title “Zjevení Janovo”; “království” carries a fairy-tale-kingdom association. | Native speaker |
| — | Providence and Divine Faithfulness in Suffering | 3:11, 4:17–18 | Medium | Must avoid fatalistic “osud” (fate) or “štěstí” (luck) framing; God’s rescue is personal and purposive. | Native speaker |
Risk Summary
| Tier | Count | Review routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 5 | Human theologian (mandatory, every occurrence) |
| High | 14 | Human theologian (mandatory) |
| Medium | 5 | Native speaker review recommended |
| Low | 0 | — |
| Total requiring theologian review | 19 | |
| Total requiring native speaker review | 5 | |
| Total automated-only | 0 |
This summary is identical to the risk_summary block in assets/doctrine_risk_registry.json (v1), confirming full consistency between this doctrine analysis and the registry.
Full-Book Coverage Confirmation
All four chapters of 2 Timothy have been reviewed. No chapter was found to be doctrinally empty; every chapter contributes to at least six of the 23 registry doctrines. The core passage (3:14–4:5) sits at the structural center of the book, bridging the Apostasy/Sound-Doctrine material of chapter 3 and the Charge-to-Preach/Assurance-of-Reward material of chapter 4, consistent with its role as the curriculum’s theological anchor rather than its scope boundary.
Critical Risk Doctrines
Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Czech name: vdechnutí a dostatečnost Písma
Key terms: theopneustos, graphē, hiera grammata, man of God, equipped for every good work
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL because ‘theopneustos’ is the doctrine’s single load-bearing term. Modern Czech ‘inspirace/inspirovaný’ is an extremely common secular word for creative or motivational inspiration (a song, a painting, a life choice ‘inspired’ someone); a secular reader will default to this weak creative-stimulus sense rather than the doctrine that God is the source of Scripture’s very words, unless the Kralická-tradition ‘vdechnuté’ is retained and actively explained rather than replaced with the more common but weaker ‘inspirované.‘
Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Czech name: odpadlictví a falešní učitelé v posledních dnech
Key terms: eschatai hēmerai (poslední dny), morphōsis eusebeias (forma zbožnosti bez její moci), diabolos (ďábel), the false claim that the resurrection has already occurred (2:18)
Review routing: Human theologian
CRITICAL because 2:18’s false teachers claim ‘the resurrection has already occurred,’ directly attacking the same Critical-risk resurrection doctrine established in the Romans baseline; if this erroneous claim is not clearly framed as false teaching (attributed or quotation-marked), a reader with no prior framework could absorb it as the book’s own position rather than the error it identifies. Additionally, ‘ďábel’ must never be rendered with the folkloric, idiomatic ‘čert’ (‘k čertu s tím,’ ‘ať ho čert vezme’), which flattens Satan into a comic exclamatory figure with no theological weight.
Lordship of Christ
Czech name: Kristovo panství
Key terms: kyrios (Pán)
Review routing: Human theologian
This is the single most frequent Critical-risk term in the book; ‘Pán/pán’ remains the ordinary Czech word for ‘Mister/Sir,’ and capitalization alone is a fragile signal for exclusive divine lordship, exactly as flagged in the Romans baseline for Romans 10:9 — every one of these many occurrences carries the same risk and must be actively taught, not merely capitalized.
Resurrection of Christ
Czech name: vzkříšení Kristovo
Key terms: anastasis (vzkříšení)
Review routing: Human theologian
As in the Romans baseline, ‘vzkříšení’ is recognized from Easter (Velikonoce) but detached from doctrinal content by secular folk-custom observance (pomlázka); 2 Timothy adds a distinct second risk — 2:18’s false teachers claiming the resurrection ‘has already occurred’ must be unmistakably framed as the error being condemned, not the book’s own teaching, so as not to contaminate this Critical doctrine with its own textual counter-example.
Deity and Sonship of Christ
Czech name: božství a synovství Kristovo
Key terms: Christ Jesus, seed of David, descended from David
Review routing: Human theologian
2 Timothy assumes rather than argues for Christ’s full deity and unique sonship (unlike Romans 1:3-4’s fuller unpacking); for a reader building basic Trinitarian and Christological categories from nothing, ‘Christ Jesus,’ used dozens of times throughout the book, risks being processed as a mere proper-name-plus-title pairing rather than the deity-and-humanity claim it encodes, unless reinforced with the same brief accompanying explanation the baseline mandates for Son of God/Incarnation material.
High Risk Doctrines
Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
Czech name: věrné předávání evangelia
Key terms: parathēkē (svěřený poklad), paratithēmi (svěřit), pistoi anthrōpoi (věrní lidé), the word of God is not bound
Review routing: Human theologian
The doctrine depends on a consistent ‘chain of custody’ image (a treasure entrusted and passed hand to hand from Paul to Timothy to faithful men to others). A common alternative Czech rendering of ‘parathēkē,’ ‘odkaz,’ is now, in ordinary usage, the standard word for a hyperlink/internet link (‘klikni na odkaz’) and secondarily a generic inheritance — both senses would trivialize a precious apostolic trust into a clickable reference or a routine bequest; ‘svěřený poklad’ must be used consistently instead.
Guarding Sound Doctrine
Czech name: ochrana zdravého učení
Key terms: hygiainousa didaskalia (zdravé učení), orthotomeō (správně vykládat slovo pravdy), gaggraina (sněť), mythos (báje)
Review routing: Human theologian
‘Zdravé’ in ordinary Czech primarily signals physical health (zdravé jídlo, zdravý životní styl); the doctrinal metaphor of teaching itself being ‘healthy’ or capable of spreading like ‘gangréna’/‘rakovina’ if corrupted is unfamiliar to a secular reader and must be actively unpacked rather than assumed to transfer from the wellness-culture sense of ‘zdravý.‘
The Charge to Preach the Word
Czech name: pověření kázat Boží slovo
Key terms: diamartyromai (důrazně přikazuji), kēryxon ton logon (kaž Boží slovo), euaggelistēs (evangelista), eukairōs akairōs
Review routing: Human theologian
Czech ‘evangelista’ overwhelmingly denotes the four Gospel-writers (‘čtyři evangelisté’), a term recognized from church art, school curricula, and museums even by secular readers; a reader encountering the charge to ‘do the work of an evangelist’ risks picturing ‘become a Gospel-author’ rather than an active, ongoing task of gospel proclamation, unless paired with an explanatory gloss.
Perseverance under Suffering
Czech name: vytrvalost v utrpení
Key terms: kakopatheō (snášet útrapy), synkakopatheō (spolu trpět), pathēma (utrpení), diōgmos (pronásledování), hypomonē (vytrvalost)
Review routing: Human theologian
‘Vytrvalost’ and related endurance vocabulary are heavily used in secular Czech self-help, sports, and workplace-motivation contexts (vytrvalost ve fitness, v kariéře); without explicit anchoring to suffering specifically for the gospel’s sake, the doctrine risks flattening into generic personal-development ‘grit’ rather than Christ-centered endurance under real persecution.
Assurance of Reward
Czech name: jistota odměny
Key terms: ho tēs dikaiosynēs stephanos (koruna spravedlnosti), apodidōmi kata ta erga (odplatit podle skutků), apokeimai (je připravena/uložena), mē logistheiē (ať se jim to nepřičte)
Review routing: Human theologian
‘Koruna’ is, before any theological sense, the name of the Czech currency (koruna česká, Kč) — an unavoidable everyday monetary association. Without explicit teaching that this is a victor’s honorary wreath (paralleling the athletic-contest imagery of ‘boj’ and ‘běh’ in the same verse), a reader risks reading eschatological reward as a cash payment for religious performance, directly colliding with the Grace-versus-merit rule already Critical in the Romans baseline (Romans 4:4-5, 11:5-6).
Gospel
Czech name: evangelium
Key terms: gospel, not be ashamed of the gospel
Review routing: Human theologian
As in the Romans baseline, ‘evangelium’ is linguistically stable but cannot be assumed to carry inherited meaning for a secular reader; 2 Timothy 1:8’s direct echo of Romans 1:16 (‘do not be ashamed of the gospel’) requires the identical cross-document treatment already mandated for that verse.
Grace
Czech name: milost
Key terms: charis, grace, mercy, peace greeting
Review routing: Human theologian
Same judicial-clemency collision risk as the Romans baseline; here compounded by appearing in a triadic greeting alongside ‘milosrdenství’ (mercy), a term new to this curriculum that must be kept conceptually distinct from ‘milost’ (unmerited favor toward the guilty) rather than treated as a synonym.
Faith
Czech name: víra
Key terms: pistis, kept the faith, sincere faith
Review routing: Human theologian
Same generic-belief/self-confidence collision as the Romans baseline; 2:18’s false teachers ‘overturning the faith of some’ and 4:7’s ‘I have kept the faith’ both require the object of faith (Christ) to remain explicit rather than reading as abstract conviction or self-belief.
Sanctification
Czech name: posvěcení
Key terms: hagiazō/hagiasmos (posvěcení/posvěcený), vessel for honorable use
Review routing: Human theologian
As in the Romans baseline, ‘posvěcení’ is otherwise mainly known from the ceremonial blessing of a building (posvěcení kostela); 2:21’s vivid vessel-metaphor (a person set apart by self-purification for the Master’s use) is a substantially different, ongoing, moral-relational sense that must be built up rather than assumed.
Divine and Holy Calling
Czech name: Boží svaté povolání
Key terms: klēsis hagia (svaté povolání), called according to his own purpose
Review routing: Human theologian
This combines two already-High-risk Romans-baseline terms (‘svatý’ and ‘povolání’) into a single compound phrase; the acute risk is that ‘svaté povolání’ reads to a Czech ear as ‘a holy profession’ — i.e., the clergy as a job category — rather than God’s sovereign summons extended to every believer, exactly the secular-vocational drift the baseline already flags for ‘povolání’ alone, now compounded.
Election and Effectual Calling
Czech name: vyvolení a účinné povolání
Key terms: eklektoi (vyvolení)
Review routing: Human theologian
Paul endures ‘for the sake of the elect’; as in the Romans baseline, ‘vyvolení/vyvolený’ are used in ordinary Czech for competitive selection (a job interview, a sports tryout) — this achievement-oriented secular sense must be actively distinguished from God’s sovereign, gracious choice.
Repentance
Czech name: pokání
Key terms: metanoia (pokání), escape the snare of the devil
Review routing: Human theologian
‘Pokání’ is a genuine, stable Czech Bible-tradition term (‘čiň pokání’), but per this Language Package’s central finding, stability of a term does not guarantee live conceptual content for a secular reader; repentance as a decisive, God-granted turning from sin toward God is entirely absent from the Romans baseline and must be taught narratively from scratch, exactly as ‘spasení’ must be.
Reality and Work of the Devil
Czech name: skutečnost a působení ďábla
Key terms: diabolos (ďábel), snare of the devil
Review routing: Human theologian
No entry for the devil/Satan exists anywhere in the Romans Language Package, so this must be introduced as wholly new content: a real, personal, malevolent being opposed to God. Everyday Czech retains numerous idioms using ‘čert’ (‘ať ho čert vezme,’ ‘k čertu s tím,’ ‘čert vem’) that flatten the devil into a comic or merely exclamatory folk figure; formal doctrinal material must use ‘ďábel’ or ‘satan’ and avoid this idiomatic register entirely.
Shame and Bold Confession of the Gospel
Czech name: stud a odvážné vyznání evangelia
Key terms: epaischynomai (stydět se/nestyď se)
Review routing: Human theologian
This is a direct verbal echo of Romans 1:16’s thesis statement, which the baseline’s cross-document consistency rule mandates be rendered identically across all curriculum documents (‘nestydím se za evangelium’); 2 Timothy 1 repeats the same verb three times regarding both the gospel and Paul’s imprisonment, and inconsistent rendering here would fragment rather than reinforce this cross-document doctrinal thread.
Medium Risk Doctrines
Sin and Human Accountability
Czech name: hřích a lidská odpovědnost
Key terms: hamartia (hřích), laden with sins
Review routing: Native speaker
As in the Romans baseline, ‘hřích’ risks being read through its colloquial, weakened idiomatic sense (‘to je hřích,’ roughly ‘what a shame/pity’) rather than as serious moral transgression; here the specific context (women ‘laden with sins,’ exploited by false teachers) needs the fuller weight, not the idiom.
Godly Love versus Self-Love and Love of the World
Czech name: Boží láska oproti sebelásce a lásce ke světu
Key terms: agapē (láska), philautoi (milující sami sebe), philēdonoi mallon ē philotheoi
Review routing: Native speaker
Everyday Czech ‘láska’ spans romantic, familial, and generic affection and is heavily saturated by popular song and film usage; the specifically Christ-shaped, self-giving sense contrasted here with self-love and love of pleasure/world (Demas ‘having loved this present age,’ 4:10) must be actively distinguished from a romantic or merely emotional reading.
Mercy in the Apostolic Greeting
Czech name: milosrdenství v apostolském pozdravu
Key terms: eleos (milosrdenství)
Review routing: Native speaker
‘Milosrdenství’ is a stable, low-collision Czech word for compassion toward the suffering, but must be kept conceptually distinct from ‘milost’ (favor toward the undeserving) in the expanded greeting triad ‘grace, mercy, peace,’ unique to the Pastoral Epistles and unfamiliar even to readers who have encountered Romans’ ‘grace and peace’ alone.
Christ’s Appearing and His Kingdom
Czech name: Kristův příchod a jeho království
Key terms: epiphaneia (příchod), basileia (království)
Review routing: Native speaker
‘Zjevení’ as a rendering of epiphaneia risks colliding with the title of the biblical book ‘Zjevení Janovo’ (Revelation), leading a reader to think of that book rather than Christ’s personal return; ‘království’ also carries the baseline’s fairy-tale-kingdom association from Czech children’s literature.
Providence and Divine Faithfulness in Suffering
Czech name: Boží prozřetelnost a věrnost v utrpení
Key terms: rhyomai (vysvobodit), the Lord stood by me and strengthened me, out of the lion’s mouth
Review routing: Native speaker
As in the Romans baseline’s Providence doctrine, avoid the fatalistic, impersonal folk-secular framing of ‘osud’ (fate) or ‘štěstí’ (luck); Paul’s deliverance is framed as God’s personal, purposive rescue, not a fortunate coincidence.