Core Glossary
Core Glossary — 1 Corinthians (English → Czech)
This glossary catalogs every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, spanning all 16 chapters of 1 Corinthians. Terms already present in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked [TM — reuse exactly] and MUST use the recorded Czech rendering and risk tier without modification. New terms introduced by this curriculum are proposed for addition to translation memory, pending the theologian/native-speaker review routing indicated.
Section A — Terms Reused Exactly from the Romans Baseline Translation Memory
| Term (EN) | Czech Rendering | Risk | Doctrine Link | Key 1 Corinthians Passages | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gospel | evangelium | High | The Cross as Wisdom and Power | 1:17; 9:12-18; 15:1-11 | Reused; here anchored concretely by Paul’s own creedal definition in 15:3-5. |
| grace | milost | High | The Cross as Wisdom and Power | 1:4; 3:10; 15:10 | Extend baseline note: also functions here as ongoing empowering presence (15:10c), not only pardon. |
| faith | víra | High | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers | 15:2, 11, 14, 17; 2:5; 13:2, 13 | Object of faith (Christ’s resurrection) must be explicit throughout ch.15. |
| resurrection | vzkříšení | Critical | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers | 15:1-58 (all) | Central doctrine of the curriculum’s core passage; extend to believers’ future resurrection, not only Christ’s. |
| lord | Pán | Critical | The Lord’s Supper; Order in Worship | 8:6; 11:20-27; 12:3; 16:22 | ”Table of the Lord” (10:21), “Supper of the Lord” (11:20) both require the same active-teaching caution as Romans 10:9. |
| apostle | apoštol | Low | Christian Unity versus Factionalism | 1:1; 4:9; 9:1-2; 12:28-29; 15:7-9 | Stable; Paul’s self-defense of his apostleship in 9:1-2 and 15:8-9 adds narrative texture. |
| called | povolaný | Medium | Christian Unity versus Factionalism | 1:1-2, 24, 26; 7:15-24 | Ch.7’s “calling” in marriage/social-state contexts is a distinct nuance worth flagging. |
| calling | povolání | High | Christian Unity versus Factionalism | 1:26; 7:20 | Same secular-vocational collision risk as baseline; 7:20 (“remain in the calling in which you were called”) intersects with the ordinary “job” sense particularly sharply. |
| holy | svatý | Medium | Church Discipline and Holiness | 1:2; 3:17; 7:14, 34 | |
| saints | svatí | High | Church Discipline and Holiness | 1:2; 6:1-2; 16:1, 15 | |
| sanctification | posvěcení | High | Church Discipline and Holiness | 1:2, 30; 6:11 | |
| church | církev | Medium | Christian Unity versus Factionalism | 1:2; 11:18, 22; 12:28; 14:4-5, 12, 19, 23, 28, 33-35; 15:9 | Very high-frequency term in this book; consistency across all 16 chapters essential. |
| kingdom_of_god | království Boží | Medium | Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ | 4:20; 6:9-10; 15:24, 50 | |
| sin | hřích | High | Church Discipline and Holiness | 6:18; 7:28, 36; 15:3, 17, 34, 56 | |
| gentiles | pohané | Medium | Christian Liberty and Idol Meat | 1:23; 5:1; 10:20; 12:2 | |
| glory | sláva | Medium | The Cross as Wisdom and Power | 2:7-8; 10:31; 11:7, 15; 15:40-43 | Ch.15’s use for the resurrection body’s radiance is a fresh application worth flagging in teaching material. |
| power_of_god | moc Boží | Medium | The Cross as Wisdom and Power | 1:18, 24; 2:5; 6:14 | |
| prophecy | proroctví | Medium | Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ; Order in Worship | 12:10; 13:2, 8-9; 14:1-39 | |
| father | Otec | High | — | 1:3; 8:6; 15:24 | Divine sense; distinguish from Paul’s extended pastoral “father” sense in ch.4 (new, lower-risk usage — see Section B). |
| holy_spirit | Duch svatý | Critical | Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ | 2:10-14; 3:16; 6:19; 12:3-13 | Very high-frequency in chs. 2, 6, 12, 14; consistency essential. |
| god | Bůh | Critical | — | throughout | |
| jesus | Ježíš | Critical | The Resurrection of Christ and Believers | throughout, esp. 15:1-11, 57 | |
| fellowship | společenství | Low | Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ | 1:9; 10:16-18 | Extended in 10:16 to “participation” in Christ’s body/blood — see new entry “koinōnia at the Lord’s table” (Section B, cross-referenced). |
| thanksgiving | díkůvzdání | Low | — | 1:4; 14:16-17; 15:57 | |
| spiritual_gifts | duchovní dary | Medium | Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ | 12:1, 4, 9, 28, 30-31; 14:1, 12 | Central term for chs. 12-14; consistency across all three chapters essential. |
| law | zákon | High | Christian Liberty and Idol Meat | 9:8-9, 20; 14:21; 15:56 | |
| election / grace-contrast usage | vyvolení / milost | High | — | 1:26-29 | Reused framing: God’s “choosing” of the lowly and despised. |
Section B — New Terms Introduced in 1 Corinthians
B.1 — Christian Unity versus Factionalism
| Term ID | Original (Greek/Translit.) | Czech Rendering | Risk | Primary Passages | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| schism | σχίσμα / schisma | roztržka / rozdělení | Medium | 1:10-13; 11:18; 12:25 | Ordinary secular word for organizational splits; theological wrongness of dividing Christ’s body must be taught. |
| strife | ἔρις / eris | svár / hádky | Low | 1:11; 3:3 | |
| boasting | καύχημα / kauchēma | chlouba / pyšnění se | Low-Medium | 1:29, 31; 3:21; 4:7 | |
| judge_secular_sense | κρίνω / krinō | soudit | Medium | 4:3-5; 5:12-13; 10:15, 29 | Legal-secular sense dominant; premature human judgment vs. God’s final verdict must be distinguished. |
| christ | Χριστός / Christos | Kristus | Critical | throughout | New standalone entry alongside [TM] Jesus/Messiah/Son of God; retain “Ježíš Kristus” and “Kristus” per Greek text. |
B.2 — The Cross as Wisdom and Power
| Term ID | Original | Czech Rendering | Risk | Primary Passages | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cross | σταυρός / stauros | kříž | High | 1:17-18; 2:2 | Guard against purely decorative/touristic/heritage association; teach the paradox of shameful execution as the site of divine power. |
| wisdom | σοφία / sophia | moudrost | Medium | 1:17-2:16; 3:19 | Distinguish God’s revealed, cross-shaped wisdom from generic secular cleverness. |
| foolishness | μωρία / mōria | bláznovství | Medium | 1:18, 21, 23, 25; 2:14; 3:19 | Frame as deliberate divine paradox, not literal absurdity. |
| mystery | μυστήριον / mystērion | tajemství | Medium | 2:1, 7; 4:1; 13:2; 14:2; 15:51 | Distinguish from detective-novel “mystery”; a divinely disclosed plan, not a puzzle for human cleverness. |
B.3 — Church Discipline and Holiness
| Term ID | Original | Czech Rendering | Risk | Primary Passages | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sexual_immorality | πορνεία / porneia | smilstvo | High | 5:1; 6:13, 18; 7:2 | Archaic-register term needing a modern gloss on first use, structurally like “spasení.” |
| leaven | ζύμη / ἄζυμος / zymē/azymos | kvas / nekvašený | Medium | 5:6-8 | Requires Exodus/Passover background. |
| passover | πάσχα / pascha | Velikonoce (hod beránka) | High | 5:7 | Secularized-holiday collision, parallel to baseline’s resurrection/Easter note. |
| church_discipline_delivery | παραδίδωμι τῷ Σατανᾷ | vydat satanu | Medium | 5:5 | Redemptive, not vindictive, discipline; no secular analogue. |
| temple_of_god | ναός θεοῦ / naos theou | chrám Boží | High | 3:16-17; 6:19 | Architectural/touristic association must be actively corrected in both corporate (3:16) and individual (6:19) senses. |
| lawsuit | κριτήριον / kritērion | soud / soudní spor | Medium | 6:1-8 | Secular judiciary sense dominant. |
B.4 — Marriage and Singleness
| Term ID | Original | Czech Rendering | Risk | Primary Passages | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| marriage | γάμος / γαμέω / gamos/gameō | manželství / oženit se, vdát se | Low | 7:1-40 | Stable secular/religious term. |
| virginity | παρθένος / parthenos | panna / svobodná | Medium | 7:25-38 | Distinguish from Marian and zodiacal associations of “Panna.” |
| divorce_separation | χωρίζω / chōrizō | rozvod / odloučení | Low | 7:10-15 | |
| unmarried | ἄγαμος / agamos | svobodný / neprovdaná | Low | 7:8, 11, 32-34 | Present as a legitimate, not deficient, state. |
| slave_bondservant | δοῦλος / ἐλεύθερος / doulos/eleutheros | otrok / svobodný | Medium | 7:21-23; 9:19 | Historical slavery association strong; spiritual-priority point must be explicit. |
B.5 — Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
| Term ID | Original | Czech Rendering | Risk | Primary Passages | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| idol | εἴδωλον / eidōlon | modla | Medium | 8:4, 7; 10:19; 12:2 | No live rival idol-worship culture; teach concept from scratch. |
| food_offered_to_idols | εἰδωλόθυτον / eidōlothyton | maso obětované modlám | Medium | 8:1, 4, 7, 10; 10:28 | Requires pagan temple sacrificial-practice background. |
| knowledge | γνῶσις / gnōsis | poznání / znalost | Medium | 8:1-11; 13:2, 8-9 | Distinguish from later “Gnostic” associations; here simply correct-but-insufficient-without-love doctrinal knowledge. |
| conscience | συνείδησις / syneidēsis | svědomí | Low-Medium | 8:7, 10, 12; 10:25-29 | Stable secular concept; “weak conscience” as protected-not-corrected category needs framing. |
| liberty | ἐξουσία / ἐλευθερία / exousia/eleutheria | právo / svoboda | Medium | 8:9; 9:1, 4-6, 12, 18; 10:29 | Distinguish from unrestricted personal license. |
| stumbling_block | σκάνδαλον / πρόσκομμα / skandalon/proskomma | kámen úrazu / svod | Medium | 8:9, 13; 10:32 | |
| self_control | ἐγκράτεια / enkrateia | sebekontrola / zdrženlivost | Low | 9:25 | |
| type_example | τύπος / typos | typ / vzor / výstraha | Medium | 10:6, 11 | OT-events-as-pattern concept needs explicit teaching. |
| demon | δαιμόνιον / daimonion | démon | Medium | 10:20-21 | Contemporary pop-culture “démon” as fiction must be corrected toward real, personal, malevolent spiritual being. |
B.6 — The Lord’s Supper
| Term ID | Original | Czech Rendering | Risk | Primary Passages | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| lords_supper | κυριακὸν δεῖπνον / kyriakon deipnon | Večeře Páně | Critical | 11:20-34 | ”Večeře” = ordinary evening meal; only “Páně” signals theological weight — structurally identical risk pattern to [TM] “Pán.” |
| body_and_blood | σῶμα καὶ αἷμα / sōma kai haima | tělo a krev (Páně) | Critical | 11:24-27; 10:16 | Live collision with Catholic liturgical phrase “Tělo Kristovo” spoken at the Host — a risk pattern largely absent from the Romans baseline; requires explicit theologian-level doctrinal framing, not silent translation. |
| remembrance | ἀνάμνησις / anamnēsis | památka / na mou památku | Medium | 11:24-25 | Participatory/proclamatory, not mere nostalgic recollection. |
| unworthily | ἀναξίως / anaxiōs | nehodně | Low-Medium | 11:27, 29 | |
| discern_the_body | διακρίνω τὸ σῶμα / diakrinō to sōma | rozeznávat tělo (Kristovo) | High | 11:29 | Genuine Greek-text ambiguity (corporate church vs. sacramental elements); flag for theologian review rather than resolving unilaterally. |
| table_of_the_lord | τράπεζα Κυρίου / κοινωνία / trapeza Kyriou / koinōnia | stůl Páně / společenství | High | 10:16-21 | Real participation, not mere symbolism, in Christ via the meal; incompatibility with pagan sacrificial participation. |
B.7 — Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
| Term ID | Original | Czech Rendering | Risk | Primary Passages | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| body_of_christ | σῶμα Χριστοῦ / sōma Christou | tělo Kristovo | Critical | 12:12-27 | Same Czech phrase as the Catholic liturgical Host formula; must be explicitly distinguished from ch.11’s sacramental-elements sense in teaching material — a unique risk for 1 Corinthians largely absent from the Romans baseline. |
| members | μέλη / melē | údy / části těla | High | 12:12-27 | Colloquial euphemistic secondary meaning of singular “úd” requires careful surrounding register control. |
| diversity_of_gifts | διαίρεσις / diairesis | různost / rozdělení (darů) | Low | 12:4-6, 11 | |
| tongues | γλῶσσαι / glōssai | jazyky | High | 12:10, 28, 30; 13:1, 8; 14:2-39 | No secular or religious framework for glossolalia in Czech; requires full conceptual introduction, not word substitution. |
| interpretation | ἑρμηνεία / hermēneia | výklad / tlumočení | Medium | 12:10, 30; 14:5, 13, 26-28 | |
| discerning_of_spirits | διάκρισις πνευμάτων / diakrisis pneumatōn | rozlišování duchů | Medium | 12:10 | Presupposes a real spiritual realm with true/false activity; connects to “demon” entry (B.5). |
B.8 — Love as the Greater Way
| Term ID | Original | Czech Rendering | Risk | Primary Passages | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| love_agape | ἀγάπη / agapē | láska | Critical | 13:1-13; 8:1; 14:1; 16:14, 22 (contrast φιλέω) | Overwhelming default romantic/erotic association in ordinary Czech; agape’s self-giving, action-defined character (v.4-7) must be actively taught as distinct on every substantive use, parallel in severity to [TM] “milost”/“spasení.” |
| maturity_perfect | τέλειος / teleios | dokonalý / zralý | Medium | 13:10; 2:6; 14:20 | Distinguish secular “flawless-product” sense from eschatological completion/maturity sense. |
B.9 — Order in Worship
| Term ID | Original | Czech Rendering | Risk | Primary Passages | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| headship | κεφαλή / kephalē | hlava | High | 11:3-10 | Intersects contemporary egalitarian norms; must avoid both flattening into mere hierarchy and stripping of relational/Christ-centered content. |
| head_covering | κατακαλύπτω / περιβόλαιον / katakalyptō/peribolaion | zahalení hlavy / rouška, závoj | High | 11:4-15 | Risk of collision with contemporary Islamic-veil political associations in European discourse; needs active historical-cultural framing distinct from that modern debate. |
| order | τάξις / taxis | řád / pořádek | Low | 14:33, 40 | |
| women_silent | γυναῖκες σιγάτωσαν / gynaikes sigatōsan | ženy nechť ve shromáždění mlčí | High | 14:34-35 | Contested, culturally sensitive; requires careful contextual (not universalizing) framing; route to human theologian review every occurrence. |
| outsider_perception | μαινόμενος / mainomenos | blázen / pomatený | Low | 14:23 |
B.10 — The Resurrection of Christ and Believers (chapter 15, beyond the core passage)
| Term ID | Original | Czech Rendering | Risk | Primary Passages | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| firstfruits | ἀπαρχή / aparchē | prvotina | Medium | 15:20, 23 | Agricultural/OT sacrificial background needed. |
| last_adam | ἔσχατος Ἀδάμ / eschatos Adam | poslední Adam | Medium | 15:22, 45 | Requires Genesis Adam narrative and representative-headship logic. |
| spiritual_natural_body | σῶμα πνευματικόν / σῶμα ψυχικόν | duchovní tělo / přirozené tělo | Medium | 15:44-46 | Avoid both “ghost” reduction and “unchanged corpse” reduction. |
| perishable_imperishable | φθαρτόν / ἄφθαρτον | porušitelné / neporušitelné | Medium | 15:42, 50, 53-54 | |
| victory | νῖκος / nikos | vítězství | Low | 15:54-57 | |
| sting_of_death | κέντρον θανάτου / kentron thanatou | osten smrti | Medium | 15:55-56 | Vivid image requiring brief explanation of “sting” as a venomous, lethal barb. |
| resurrection_of_believers | ἀνάστασις νεκρῶν (extended) | vzkříšení z mrtvých | Critical | 15:12-58 | Extension from Christ’s resurrection to believers’ own future resurrection must be explicitly taught, not assumed as automatic inference. |
B.11 — Closing Instructions (Chapter 16)
| Term ID | Original | Czech Rendering | Risk | Primary Passages | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| collection | λογεία / logeia | sbírka | Low | 16:1-2 | |
| anathema | ἀνάθεμα / anathema | anathema / ať je proklet | High | 16:22 | Risk of folk-superstitious (“curse”) misreading rather than secular flattening; frame as solemn covenantal exclusion formula. |
| marana_tha | μαράνα θά / marana tha | Marana tha | Medium | 16:22 | Retain transliteration with gloss, per the [TM] “Abba” convention. |
| holy_kiss | φίλημα ἅγιον / philēma hagion | svatý pozdrav / polibek | Low | 16:20 | Cultural-custom note, not doctrinal risk. |
Cross-Reference Note for Phase 2
The following new terms carry a risk pattern not documented anywhere in the Romans baseline and therefore require special attention in the Phase 2 AI system prompt update: lords_supper, body_and_blood, and body_of_christ all risk collision with the live Czech Catholic liturgical formula “Tělo Kristovo,” spoken at the elevation of the Host. Unlike the Romans baseline’s general finding that Czech secularism produces an absence of competing frameworks, these three terms in 1 Corinthians 10–12 are the clearest case in this curriculum of a genuine competing theological framework requiring active disambiguation, not merely conceptual scaffolding from zero. This should be flagged prominently in 11_doctrine_analysis.md and 12_ai_translation_requirements.md in the next steps of Phase 1.
Critical Risk Terms
Righteousness
Approved rendering: spravedlnost
Transliteration: dikaiosynē
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: spravedlnost jako výsledek vlastní ctnosti
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 1:30 (‘Kristus Jezus… naše spravedlnost’) requires the forensic, Christ-credited sense, not a claim that believers have become independently virtuous.
Justification
Approved rendering: ospravedlnění
Transliteration: dikaioō
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ospravedlnění pouze ve smyslu běžné omluvy jednání
Original: δικαιόω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 6:11 places ‘byli jste ospravedlněni’ inside a conversion-status list with ‘omyti’ and ‘posvěceni’; the forensic sense must be built up alongside these companion terms, not assumed.
Salvation
Approved rendering: spasení
Transliteration: sōtēria / sōzō
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: spasení jako pouhý archaický literární výraz bez obsahu
Original: σωτηρία / σῴζω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package — the single greatest risk in this Language Package. 1 Corinthians 1:18 and 15:2 both use present-tense ‘being saved’ forms requiring the same from/to/by-whom narrative explanation mandated in the baseline.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: vzkříšení
Transliteration: anastasis / egeirō
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Rejected alternatives: vzkříšení jako pouhá metafora obnovy/jara, reinkarnace nebo znovuzrození v rámci cyklu
Original: ἀνάστασις / ἐγείρω
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. Recognized only from the secularized Easter holiday (pomlázka) and detached from doctrinal content. Extended in 1 Corinthians 15 from Christ’s own resurrection (vv.1-11) to believers’ guaranteed future resurrection (vv.12-58) — see ‘resurrection_of_believers’ for this distinct inferential step.
Lord
Approved rendering: Pán
Transliteration: kyrios
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: pán s malým ‘p’ jako běžné zdvořilostní oslovení
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 8:6, 12:3, and the closing invocation ‘Marana tha’ (16:22) all depend on this term carrying full, exclusive divine lordship; capitalization alone remains a fragile signal and must be actively taught.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Duch svatý
Transliteration: pneuma hagion
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Rejected alternatives: neosobní univerzální duch nebo životní síla
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Very high-frequency across chapters 2, 3, 6, 12, and 14; must never be rendered with a term for an impersonal universal spirit. Chapter 12’s gift-distribution and chapter 6’s individual-body temple imagery both depend on full personhood being retained.
God
Approved rendering: Bůh
Transliteration: theos
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Standard and unambiguous; register awareness required against the casual exclamatory ‘proboha,’ particularly in the warm closing material of chapter 16.
Jesus
Approved rendering: Ježíš
Transliteration: Iēsous
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Standard and stable; formal doctrinal material must never echo the casual exclamatory use of ‘Ježíš’/‘Ježíšmarjá’ in colloquial speech, a particular risk in the warm, personal tone of 1 Corinthians 15.
Christ
Approved rendering: Kristus
Transliteration: Christos
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Rejected alternatives: Kristus jako obecný titul ‘zvolený vůdce’ bez mesiášského obsahu
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
New standalone entry not separately logged in the Romans baseline though used throughout it. Functions as a virtual second name for Jesus in Paul’s usage; retain both ‘Ježíš Kristus’ and standalone ‘Kristus’ per the Greek text. The underlying ‘Anointed One’ content (fulfillment of Old Testament messianic expectation) must not be lost simply because the word functions as a name.
Resurrection Of Believers
Approved rendering: vzkříšení z mrtvých
Transliteration: anastasis nekrōn
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Rejected alternatives: vzkříšení omezené pouze na malou ‘pomazanou’ třídu věřících (Jehovovi svědkové) — must never be echoed, vzkříšení jako pouhé nebeské/netělesné přežití
Original: ἀνάστασις νεκρῶν
Category: Eschatology
A reader may accept ‘Christ rose’ as a discrete historical claim without inferring ‘therefore I will rise’; 1 Corinthians 15:12-58 makes this inference the chapter’s central argument. Must be taught explicitly as a logical and covenantal entailment extending to ALL believers (vv.20-23, 51-52), not a two-tier scope.
Body Of Christ
Approved rendering: tělo Kristovo
Transliteration: sōma Christou
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Rejected alternatives: tělo Kristovo chápané pouze eucharisticky bez korporátního rozlišení
Original: σῶμα Χριστοῦ
Category: Church
CRITICAL and structurally unique for this Language Package: this exact Czech phrase is also spoken at the elevation of the Host in the Czech Catholic Mass. 1 Corinthians 12:12-27’s corporate/ecclesial sense (the church as a single, diverse organism) MUST be explicitly distinguished in teaching material from chapter 11’s sacramental-elements sense — a genuine live competing theological framework, not merely an absent one.
Lords Supper
Approved rendering: Večeře Páně
Transliteration: kyriakon deipnon
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Rejected alternatives: Večeře Páně redukovaná na běžnou tematickou večeři, tichý převzatý výklad transsubstanciace nebo čistě memoriálního výkladu bez vlastního doktrinálního rámování
Original: κυριακὸν δεῖπνον
Category: Ordinances
1 Corinthians 10:16-21; 11:17-34. ‘Večeře’ alone carries zero inherited theological weight; only ‘Páně’ signals doctrinal content — structurally identical risk to ‘Pán.’ Additionally, ‘Tělo Kristovo’ spoken over the elements is the live Catholic Mass formula; Catholic-formed readers may import Real Presence/transubstantiation associations that must be addressed directly per this curriculum’s own doctrinal stance, not silently assumed.
Body And Blood
Approved rendering: tělo a krev (Páně)
Transliteration: sōma kai haima
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Original: σῶμα καὶ αἷμα
Category: Ordinances
1 Corinthians 11:24-27; 10:16. The exact phrase ‘Tělo Kristovo’ is spoken directly to communicants at the elevation of the Host in the Czech Catholic Mass — a genuine live liturgical association, unusual for this Language Package. Requires explicit theologian-level doctrinal framing, never assumed to be theologically neutral vocabulary.
Love Agape
Approved rendering: láska
Transliteration: agapē
Doctrine: Love as the Greater Way
Rejected alternatives: láska čtená výhradně jako romantická/erotická láska nebo obecný vřelý pocit
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Love
The single highest-stakes lexical risk in this curriculum. Ordinary Czech ‘láska’ overwhelmingly defaults to romantic/erotic love (pop songs, film, greeting cards). 1 Corinthians 13:1-13’s self-giving, action-defined character (patient, kind, not self-seeking, v.4-7) must be actively taught as distinct from romantic love on every substantive use, a risk of severity comparable to ‘milost’/‘spasení.’ No transliteration option exists; aggressive glossing of the existing word is the only viable strategy.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: evangelium
Transliteration: euangelion
Doctrine: Gospel
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 15:1-11 uniquely allows Paul’s own creedal definition (death, burial, resurrection, appearances) to supply the term’s content concretely — a rare scaffolding opportunity for this Language Package’s central literacy gap. Must still be actively defined at first use, not merely translated.
Grace
Approved rendering: milost
Transliteration: charis
Doctrine: Grace
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 15:10 extends grace beyond a one-time pardon to an ongoing empowering presence (‘ta milost, která byla se mnou’); teach alongside the baseline’s judicial-clemency correction, not as a replacement for it.
Faith
Approved rendering: víra
Transliteration: pistis
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: víra v obecném slova smyslu (generic belief or self-confidence)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. In 1 Corinthians 15:1-11, 14, 17 the object of faith is specifically Christ’s resurrection as a historical event; this object must be made explicit every time, since secular Czech ‘věřit’ defaults to generic belief.
Called
Approved rendering: povolaný
Transliteration: klētos
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 7:15-24 applies calling language to marital and social-status contexts (‘remain in the calling in which you were called’), intersecting particularly sharply with ‘povolání’s’ dominant secular-vocational sense.
Calling
Approved rendering: povolání
Transliteration: klēsis
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: povolání výhradně ve smyslu civilního zaměstnání
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 1:26 and 7:20 both risk being read purely through the dominant Czech sense of one’s job or profession; must actively convey a sovereign divine summons.
Holy
Approved rendering: svatý
Transliteration: hagios
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Applies in 1 Corinthians 7:14, 34 to marriage relationships and undivided devotion, extending beyond the corporate-identity sense of chapter 1; must be taught in each distinct context.
Saints
Approved rendering: svatí
Transliteration: hagioi
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: svatí jako historická kanonizovaná elita
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 6:1-2 and 16:1, 15 apply the corporate sense to ordinary, unremarkable believers; the Czech name-day calendar’s folk-custom association must not be allowed to supply the doctrine.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: posvěcení
Transliteration: hagiasmos / hagiazō
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: posvěcení výhradně jako obřadní vysvěcení budovy
Original: ἁγιασμός / ἁγιάζω
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 1:2, 30 and 6:11 place sanctification alongside ‘washed’ and ‘justified’ as part of a completed conversion-status list, a substantially different association than the ceremonial-blessing default.
Sin
Approved rendering: hřích
Transliteration: hamartia
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: hřích s oslabeným, žertovným významem (‘to je hřích’)
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 15:3 (‘Christ died for our sins’) and 15:56 (sin personified with a ‘sting’) both require the serious, personal-transgression sense, not the flattened colloquial idiom.
Glory
Approved rendering: sláva
Transliteration: doxa
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: sláva ve smyslu světské slávy či úspěchu
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 15:40-43 applies the term freshly to the resurrection body’s radiant quality; this fresh application must be distinguished from both worldly fame and a vague metaphorical ‘shining’ with no bodily referent.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: moc Boží
Transliteration: dynamis theou
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Rejected alternatives: moc Boží jako obecná síla odpojená od kříže
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, risk elevated for this book. 1 Corinthians 1:18, 24 apply this term specifically to the cross itself; the paradox (power revealed in a shameful execution) must be preserved, not softened toward generic might.
Father
Approved rendering: Otec
Transliteration: patēr
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. The divine sense (1 Corinthians 1:3; 8:6; 15:24) must be kept typographically and contextually distinct from Paul’s extended, non-biological lowercase pastoral use of ‘father’ for his own relationship to the Corinthians in 4:15.
Law
Approved rendering: zákon
Transliteration: nomos
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 9:8-9, 20, 14:21, and 15:56 use the term in varied senses (Mosaic legislation, quoted Torah text, sin’s legal ‘sting’); context must keep Paul’s Mosaic-law argument distinct from ordinary civil legislation.
Election
Approved rendering: vyvolení
Transliteration: eklogē / eklegomai
Doctrine: Christian Unity versus Factionalism
Rejected alternatives: vyvolení jako výsledek soutěživého výběru (pracovní pohovor, sportovní výběr)
Original: ἐκλογή / ἐκλέγομαι
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 1:26-29 (God choosing the foolish, weak, and despised) must be read against the achievement-oriented secular sense — God’s choice here explicitly excludes worldly qualification as its basis.
Cross
Approved rendering: kříž
Transliteration: stauros
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Rejected alternatives: mučnický kůl (rendering circulated by Jehovah’s Witnesses’ Svaté Písmo, which also denies the full deity of Christ) — must never be echoed
Original: σταυρός
Category: Christology
Czech ‘kříž’ is a widespread secular/cultural and touristic symbol (jewelry, gravestones, historic church architecture). 1 Corinthians 1:17-18 and 2:2 require the specific Pauline paradox — a shameful instrument of death as the locus of divine power and wisdom — to be actively taught against this decorative/heritage association.
Redemption By Price
Approved rendering: vykoupení
Transliteration: agorazō / timē
Doctrine: Redemption by the Price of Christ
Rejected alternatives: vykoupení jako běžná finanční transakce (vykoupení poukázky nebo dluhopisu)
Original: ἀγοράζω / τιμή
Category: Salvation
1 Corinthians 6:19-20 and 7:23. ‘Vykoupit’ is common in ordinary commercial usage, a collision pattern structurally identical to ‘milost’ and ‘ospravedlnění’ in the baseline. The costly, personal, life-transferring sense must be built up explicitly.
Sexual Immorality
Approved rendering: smilstvo
Transliteration: porneia
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Original: πορνεία
Category: Sanctification
1 Corinthians 5:1; 6:13, 18; 7:2. An archaic Kralice-tradition term with limited live resonance, structurally like ‘spasení’; pair with a modern gloss (‘sexuální nemravnost’) on first use so the concept registers as live moral content rather than museum vocabulary.
Passover
Approved rendering: Velikonoce (hod beránka)
Transliteration: pascha
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Original: πάσχα
Category: Sanctification
1 Corinthians 5:7. ‘Velikonoce’ is a widely observed but heavily secularized folk-custom holiday (pomlázka), structurally parallel to the baseline’s resurrection/Easter note. The Old Testament sacrificial-lamb background must be explicitly taught, not assumed.
Temple Of God
Approved rendering: chrám Boží
Transliteration: naos theou
Doctrine: The Church as God’s Temple
Rejected alternatives: chrám jako pouze historická/turistická architektura
Original: ναός θεοῦ
Category: Church
1 Corinthians 3:16-17 (corporate) and 6:19-20 (individual). ‘Chrám’ in Czech is strongly associated with grand, often disused or touristic religious architecture (cathedrals visited as heritage sites); the relational, indwelling sense must be actively taught against this default.
Members
Approved rendering: údy / části těla
Transliteration: melē
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Original: μέλη
Category: Church
1 Corinthians 12:12-27. In contemporary colloquial Czech, the singular ‘úd’ is a common euphemism for the male genital organ; surrounding phrasing must keep the anatomical/corporate sense unambiguous and avoid an unintentionally crude register in formal teaching material.
Demon
Approved rendering: démon
Transliteration: daimonion
Doctrine: Idolatry and the Reality of Demonic Powers
Rejected alternatives: démon jako čistě fikční/hororová postava
Original: δαιμόνιον
Category: Liberty
1 Corinthians 10:20-21. Contemporary Czech popular culture (horror films, folklore) frames ‘démon’ primarily as fictional/entertainment; Paul’s claim of real, personal, malevolent spiritual beings needs explicit teaching against this fiction-frame — the reverse risk-direction from most terms in this glossary.
Table Of The Lord
Approved rendering: stůl Páně / společenství
Transliteration: trapeza Kyriou / koinōnia
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Rejected alternatives: účast na Večeři Páně jako pouhá symbolika bez reálné účasti
Original: τράπεζα Κυρίου / κοινωνία
Category: Ordinances
1 Corinthians 10:16-21. Real, corporate participation in Christ, not mere symbolism, incompatible with participation in pagan sacrificial meals — a genuine either/or, not a matter of personal preference.
Discern The Body
Approved rendering: rozeznávat tělo (Kristovo)
Transliteration: diakrinō to sōma
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Rejected alternatives: jednostranné vyřešení nejasnosti mezi tělem-jako-církví a tělem-jako-svátostnými elementy
Original: διακρίνω τὸ σῶμα
Category: Ordinances
1 Corinthians 11:29. Genuine ambiguity in the Greek text itself between the corporate-church sense and the sacramental-elements sense; flag for theologian review in every occurrence rather than resolving unilaterally.
Tongues
Approved rendering: jazyky
Transliteration: glōssai
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Original: γλῶσσαι
Category: Spiritual Gifts
1 Corinthians 12:10, 28, 30; 13:1, 8; 14:2-39. Ordinary Czech ‘jazyky’ primarily means either foreign languages or the anatomical tongue; describes a phenomenon entirely outside common secular experience and vocabulary, requiring full conceptual introduction, not merely a word choice.
Headship
Approved rendering: hlava
Transliteration: kephalē
Doctrine: Order in Worship
Rejected alternatives: hlava zredukovaná na pouhou hierarchii bez vztahového, christologického obsahu
Original: κεφαλή
Category: Worship
1 Corinthians 11:3-10. Intersects strongly egalitarian norms in contemporary secular Czech culture; must be neither flattened into mere hierarchy nor stripped of its relational, Christ-centered content.
Head Covering
Approved rendering: zahalení hlavy / rouška, závoj
Transliteration: katakalyptō / peribolaion
Doctrine: Order in Worship
Rejected alternatives: zahalení hlavy ztotožněné se současnou politicky nabitou debatou o hidžábu
Original: κατακαλύπτω / περιβόλαιον
Category: Worship
1 Corinthians 11:4-15. Risk of collision with the politically charged contemporary Islamic-veil (hijab) discourse; must be actively defused with historical framing to Paul’s first-century Corinthian context. Older Czech Catholic headscarf practice (living family memory) is a useful non-Islamic comparative anchor.
Women Silent
Approved rendering: ženy nechť ve shromáždění mlčí
Transliteration: gynaikes sigatōsan
Doctrine: Order in Worship
Rejected alternatives: univerzální, nekontextualizovaný zákaz mluvení žen
Original: γυναῖκες σιγάτωσαν
Category: Worship
1 Corinthians 14:34-35. Intersects directly with contemporary secular Czech egalitarian gender norms and is a frequent flashpoint in public discourse about Christianity; requires careful, non-flattening theological framing distinguishing the specific disciplinary context from a universal gag order. Route to human theologian review every occurrence.
Anathema
Approved rendering: anathema / ať je proklet
Transliteration: anathema
Doctrine: Covenant Fidelity and Exclusion (Anathema)
Rejected alternatives: prokletí čtené výhradně jako lidová magie nebo ‘uhranutí’
Original: ἀνάθεμα
Category: Church
1 Corinthians 16:22; cf. 5:1-13. Risk runs opposite to most terms in this glossary: ‘prokletí’ risks being read through a folk-superstitious lens (black magic, ‘uhranutí’) rather than as Paul’s solemn covenantal formula of exclusion for those who do not love the Lord. Retain the transliteration alongside the paraphrase to signal this is a technical formula, not folk cursing.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: apoštol
Transliteration: apostolos
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 9:1-2 and 15:8-9 add Paul’s own narrative self-defense of his apostleship (unworthy, yet genuinely called), giving useful concrete texture.
Church
Approved rendering: církev
Transliteration: ekklēsia
Doctrine: Christian Unity versus Factionalism
Rejected alternatives: kostel (budova) namísto společenství věřících
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Very high-frequency term across chapters 1, 11, 12, 14, 15; must be kept distinct from ‘kostel’ (building) and from the architectural/touristic association many secular readers bring.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: království Boží
Transliteration: basileia tou theou
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 4:20, 6:9-10, and 15:24, 50 require the reign-of-God sense, guarded against the fairy-tale-kingdom association ‘království’ carries, especially in 15:24’s cosmic hand-over imagery.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: pohané
Transliteration: ethnē
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Appears in 1 Corinthians 1:23, 5:1, 10:20, 12:2, sometimes in explicit contrast with pagan idol-worship practice — a sharper idol-worship contrast than Romans’ more general ethnic-inclusion usage.
Prophecy
Approved rendering: proroctví
Transliteration: prophēteia
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Rejected alternatives: proroctví jako věštba nebo trendová předpověď
Original: προφητεία
Category: Spiritual Gifts
Inherited from Romans package, elevated relative to its baseline profile because chapters 12-14 make prophecy a central, contested congregational gift rather than a reference to Scripture’s origin; Czech ‘prorokovat’ for trend-forecasting still risks a secular-predictive misreading.
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: duchovní dary
Transliteration: charismata
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Rejected alternatives: dary jako výsledek zásluh nebo obecná nadpřirozená schopnost
Original: χαρίσματα
Category: Spiritual Gifts
Inherited from Romans package. Central term for chapters 12-14; low syncretism risk given the absence of a competing organized spiritual-gifts framework in mainstream Czech culture, but the concept of Spirit-distributed enablements needs foundational explanation.
Peace
Approved rendering: pokoj
Transliteration: eirēnē
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: pokoj ve smyslu pouhého klidu či nepřítomnosti hluku
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 7:15 (‘God has called you to peace’) and 14:33 (‘God is not a God of disorder but of peace’) both risk being read through the ordinary sense of mere quiet rather than relational, God-given peace.
Last Adam
Approved rendering: poslední Adam
Transliteration: eschatos Adam
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: ἔσχατος Ἀδάμ
Category: Christology
1 Corinthians 15:22, 45. Requires the Genesis Adam narrative as background, plus the typological logic of one man’s act determining the destiny of many — foundational Old Testament/New Testament literacy that cannot be assumed.
Substitutionary Death
Approved rendering: za
Transliteration: hyper
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Rejected alternatives: ‘za’ chápáno pouze jako morální příklad, nikoli jako zástupná smrt
Original: ὑπέρ
Category: Christology
The preposition ‘za’ (1 Corinthians 15:3, ‘Christ died for our sins’) is grammatically simple but carries no automatic doctrinal content; the specific claim of substitution, as opposed to Christ merely dying as a moral example, must be actively taught.
Eyewitness Testimony
Approved rendering: ukázal se / byl viděn
Transliteration: ōphthē
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Rejected alternatives: mlhavé, vizionářské čtení bez důkazní váhy
Original: ὤφθη
Category: Christology
1 Corinthians 15:5-8. Must be presented as testimonial language describing real people seeing a real, risen body, guarding against a drift toward ‘appeared’ being read as a vague mystical or visionary experience.
Leaven
Approved rendering: kvas / nekvašený
Transliteration: zymē / azymos
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Original: ζύμη / ἄζυμος
Category: Sanctification
1 Corinthians 5:6-8. Requires the Passover/Exodus background to be explicitly supplied; no Old Testament narrative literacy can be assumed.
Schism
Approved rendering: roztržka / rozdělení
Transliteration: schisma
Doctrine: Christian Unity versus Factionalism
Original: σχίσμα
Category: Church
1 Corinthians 1:10-13; 11:18; 12:25. Ordinary secular word for any organizational split (a political party, a sports club); the specific theological wrongness of dividing Christ’s body must be taught from scratch.
Judge Secular Sense
Approved rendering: soudit
Transliteration: krinō
Doctrine: Apostolic Stewardship and Judgment
Original: κρίνω
Category: Church
1 Corinthians 4:3-5; 5:12-13; 10:15, 29. The dominant secular judiciary/legal sense of ‘soudit’ must be actively distinguished from Paul’s specific point about premature human evaluation preempting God’s own final verdict.
Lawsuit
Approved rendering: soud / soudní spor
Transliteration: kritērion
Doctrine: Apostolic Stewardship and Judgment
Original: κριτήριον
Category: Church
1 Corinthians 6:1-8. Rebukes believers suing one another before secular courts instead of resolving disputes internally; the strong purely-secular legal association is dominant and the pastoral concern (public witness) needs explicit framing.
Church Discipline Delivery
Approved rendering: vydat satanu
Transliteration: paradidōmi tō Satana
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Holiness
Rejected alternatives: vydání satanu jako čistě trestající/pomstychtivý akt
Original: παραδίδωμι τῷ Σατανᾷ
Category: Church
1 Corinthians 5:5. Severe church discipline (exclusion) aimed at eventual restoration, not mere punishment; no equivalent secular Czech practice to draw an analogy from, so the redemptive purpose must be explicitly taught.
Type Example
Approved rendering: typ / vzor / výstraha
Transliteration: typos
Doctrine: Idolatry and the Reality of Demonic Powers
Original: τύπος
Category: Covenant
1 Corinthians 10:6, 11. The concept of Old Testament events functioning as instructive patterns for New Testament readers must be explicitly taught; no Old Testament narrative literacy can be assumed.
Apostolic Tradition
Approved rendering: přijali jste / odevzdal jsem
Transliteration: paralambanō / paradidōmi
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Rejected alternatives: přijetí informace v běžném, neformálním smyslu
Original: παραλαμβάνω / παραδίδωμι
Category: Covenant
1 Corinthians 15:1, 3 and 11:2, 23. The receive/deliver pairing describes formal transmission of apostolic tradition. This concept — receiving an authoritative transmitted deposit as opposed to casually ‘picking up’ information — is unfamiliar to a low-biblical-literacy reader and needs explicit explanation.
Proclamation
Approved rendering: kázat / zvěstovat
Transliteration: kēryssō
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: kázat ve smyslu moralizování nebo domlouvání (‘kázat někomu do svědomí’)
Original: κηρύσσω
Category: Covenant
1 Corinthians 1:23; 9:27; 15:11. Czech ‘kázat’ carries a secondary colloquial scolding sense; must be anchored in the herald’s-authoritative-announcement sense instead.
Wisdom
Approved rendering: moudrost
Transliteration: sophia
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Rejected alternatives: moudrost jako obecná praktická chytrost či obchodní důvtip
Original: σοφία
Category: Wisdom
1 Corinthians 1:17-2:16; 3:19. God’s wisdom revealed paradoxically in the cross, contrasted with ‘the wisdom of this world’; must be actively distinguished from generic human cleverness.
Foolishness
Approved rendering: bláznovství
Transliteration: mōria
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Rejected alternatives: bláznovství jako doslovná absurdita nebo urážka rozumu
Original: μωρία
Category: Wisdom
1 Corinthians 1:18, 21, 23, 25; 2:14; 3:19. Frame as a deliberate divine paradox/strategy, not a literal insult to intelligence.
Mystery
Approved rendering: tajemství
Transliteration: mystērion
Doctrine: The Cross as Wisdom and Power
Rejected alternatives: tajemství ve smyslu detektivní záhady k rozluštění lidskou chytrostí
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Wisdom
1 Corinthians 2:1, 7; 4:1; 13:2; 14:2; 15:51. A previously hidden divine plan now disclosed in Christ crucified, not a puzzle to be solved.
Knowledge
Approved rendering: poznání / znalost
Transliteration: gnōsis
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Rejected alternatives: poznání zaměňované s pozdějším historickým gnosticismem
Original: γνῶσις
Category: Wisdom
1 Corinthians 8:1-11; 13:2, 8-9. Correct theological knowledge, which can nonetheless be wielded destructively without love; lightly distinguish from later ‘Gnostic’ associations.
Idol
Approved rendering: modla
Transliteration: eidōlon
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: εἴδωλον
Category: Liberty
1 Corinthians 8:4, 7; 10:19; 12:2. No live, dominant idol-worship culture exists in secular Czech society to trigger syncretism; the concept must be taught from scratch, not corrected against a rival framework.
Food Offered To Idols
Approved rendering: maso obětované modlám
Transliteration: eidōlothyton
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: εἰδωλόθυτον
Category: Liberty
1 Corinthians 8:1, 4, 7, 10; 10:28. Requires background on pagan temple sacrificial practice, unfamiliar to a modern secular reader.
Conscience
Approved rendering: svědomí
Transliteration: syneidēsis
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Liberty
1 Corinthians 8:7, 10, 12; 10:25-29. Fairly stable secular/moral concept; the specific pastoral category of a ‘weak conscience’ needing protection (rather than correction by force) needs explicit framing.
Liberty
Approved rendering: právo / svoboda
Transliteration: exousia / eleutheria
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Rejected alternatives: svoboda jako neomezená osobní licence
Original: ἐξουσία / ἐλευθερία
Category: Liberty
1 Corinthians 8:9; 9:1-18; 10:29. Must be distinguished from unrestricted personal license, a live secular-individualist reading risk.
Stumbling Block
Approved rendering: kámen úrazu / svod
Transliteration: skandalon / proskomma
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: σκάνδαλον / πρόσκομμα
Category: Liberty
1 Corinthians 8:9, 13; 10:32. The pastoral duty to voluntarily limit one’s own liberty for a weaker believer’s sake must be actively taught.
Virginity
Approved rendering: panna / svobodná
Transliteration: parthenos
Doctrine: Marriage and Singleness
Rejected alternatives: panna omezená na mariánský nebo zvěrokruhový (Panna = Virgo) výklad
Original: παρθένος
Category: Marriage
1 Corinthians 7:25-38. ‘Panna’ is strongly associated with the Virgin Mary and the zodiac sign Virgo; Paul’s practical, non-devotional sense (free for undivided devotion) must be explicitly distinguished from either. Prefer ‘svobodná’ where doctrinally permissible to reduce collision risk.
Slave Bondservant
Approved rendering: otrok / svobodný
Transliteration: doulos / eleutheros
Doctrine: Marriage and Singleness
Original: δοῦλος / ἐλεύθερος
Category: Marriage
1 Corinthians 7:21-23; 9:19. Strong historical slavery associations; the spiritual-priority point (identity in Christ transcends social status) must be explicit so the passage is not read as a bare historical curiosity.
Remembrance
Approved rendering: památka / na mou památku
Transliteration: anamnēsis
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Rejected alternatives: památka jako pouhá nostalgická vzpomínka
Original: ἀνάμνησις
Category: Ordinances
1 Corinthians 11:24-25. Active, participatory and proclamatory remembering (v.26, ‘you proclaim the Lord’s death’), not mere nostalgic recollection.
Interpretation
Approved rendering: výklad / tlumočení
Transliteration: hermēneia
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Original: ἑρμηνεία
Category: Spiritual Gifts
1 Corinthians 12:10, 30; 14:5, 13, 26-28. Must be paired conceptually with ‘tongues,’ since interpretation only makes sense once tongues itself is understood.
Discerning Of Spirits
Approved rendering: rozlišování duchů
Transliteration: diakrisis pneumatōn
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Original: διάκρισις πνευμάτων
Category: Spiritual Gifts
1 Corinthians 12:10. Requires the reader to accept the reality of a spiritual realm with both true and false spiritual activity; connects to ‘demon.‘
Maturity Perfect
Approved rendering: dokonalý / zralý
Transliteration: teleios
Doctrine: Love as the Greater Way
Rejected alternatives: dokonalý ve smyslu bezchybného produktu nebo výkonu
Original: τέλειος
Category: Love
1 Corinthians 13:10; 2:6; 14:20. Ordinary Czech ‘dokonalý’ carries a strong secular sense of flawless product-quality; the eschatological sense of completion/maturity, contrasted with the partial ‘in part’ (v.9-10), must be actively distinguished.
Firstfruits
Approved rendering: prvotina
Transliteration: aparchē
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: ἀπαρχή
Category: Eschatology
1 Corinthians 15:20, 23. Requires the agricultural/Old Testament sacrificial background (the first portion of a harvest offered to God, guaranteeing the rest) to be explicitly explained.
Spiritual Natural Body
Approved rendering: duchovní tělo / přirozené tělo
Transliteration: sōma pneumatikon / sōma psychikon
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Rejected alternatives: duchovní tělo jako beztělesná duchová existence, budoucí tělo jako pouhé nezměněné opakování současného
Original: σῶμα πνευματικόν / σῶμα ψυχικόν
Category: Eschatology
1 Corinthians 15:44-46. Must guard against two opposite errors: reducing ‘spiritual body’ to a ghost/non-physical existence, or reducing the future body to a mere unchanged repetition of the present one.
Perishable Imperishable
Approved rendering: porušitelné / neporušitelné
Transliteration: phtharton / aphtharton
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: φθαρτόν / ἄφθαρτον
Category: Eschatology
1 Corinthians 15:42, 50, 53-54. The qualitative, not merely durational, transformation of the resurrection body must be preserved.
Sting Of Death
Approved rendering: osten smrti
Transliteration: kentron thanatou
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: κέντρον θανάτου
Category: Eschatology
1 Corinthians 15:55-56. Needs a brief explanation that ‘sting’ refers to a venomous, fatal barb (as of a scorpion), an image not self-evident in translation.
Marana Tha
Approved rendering: Marana tha
Transliteration: marana tha
Doctrine: Covenant Fidelity and Exclusion (Anathema)
Original: μαράνα θά
Category: Church
1 Corinthians 16:22. An Aramaic liturgical prayer for Christ’s return, preserved untranslated — parallel to the baseline’s ‘Abba.’ Retain the transliteration paired with a gloss (‘Náš Pán, přijď!’).
Low Risk Terms
Fellowship
Approved rendering: společenství
Transliteration: koinōnia
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 1:9 and 10:16-18; extended in 10:16 to real participation in Christ’s body/blood at the Lord’s table — see ‘table_of_the_lord’ for the elevated risk in that specific context.
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: díkůvzdání
Transliteration: eucharistia
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Corinthians 1:4, 14:16-17, and 15:57; standard vocabulary, minimal risk.
Strife
Approved rendering: svár / hádky
Transliteration: eris
Doctrine: Christian Unity versus Factionalism
Original: ἔρις
Category: Church
1 Corinthians 1:11; 3:3. Standard, low-ambiguity vocabulary for interpersonal conflict driving the factionalism.
Boasting
Approved rendering: chlouba / pyšnění se
Transliteration: kauchēma
Doctrine: Christian Unity versus Factionalism
Original: καύχημα
Category: Church
1 Corinthians 1:29, 31; 3:21; 4:7. Forecloses any human ground for self-congratulation before God; low ambiguity risk.
Diversity Of Gifts
Approved rendering: různost / rozdělení (darů)
Transliteration: diairesis
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and the Body of Christ
Original: διαίρεσις
Category: Church
1 Corinthians 12:4-6, 11. Low ambiguity; diversity-within-unity concept.
Self Control
Approved rendering: sebekontrola / zdrženlivost
Transliteration: enkrateia
Doctrine: Christian Liberty and Idol Meat
Original: ἐγκράτεια
Category: Liberty
1 Corinthians 9:25. Disciplined self-mastery in service of the gospel, not asceticism for its own sake; low ambiguity.
Marriage
Approved rendering: manželství / oženit se, vdát se
Transliteration: gamos / gameō
Doctrine: Marriage and Singleness
Original: γάμος / γαμέω
Category: Marriage
1 Corinthians 7:1-40. Standard, stable secular and religious vocabulary.
Divorce Separation
Approved rendering: rozvod / odloučení
Transliteration: chōrizō
Doctrine: Marriage and Singleness
Original: χωρίζω
Category: Marriage
1 Corinthians 7:10-15. Standard Czech legal/relational vocabulary.
Unmarried
Approved rendering: svobodný / neprovdaná
Transliteration: agamos
Doctrine: Marriage and Singleness
Rejected alternatives: svobodný stav jako nedostatečný nebo deficitní
Original: ἄγαμος
Category: Marriage
1 Corinthians 7:8, 11, 32-34. Must be presented as a legitimate, even advantageous, state, not a deficient one.
Unworthily
Approved rendering: nehodně
Transliteration: anaxiōs
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper
Original: ἀναξίως
Category: Ordinances
1 Corinthians 11:27, 29. Low ambiguity in Czech.
Order
Approved rendering: řád / pořádek
Transliteration: taxis
Doctrine: Order in Worship
Original: τάξις
Category: Worship
1 Corinthians 14:33, 40. Low ambiguity, stable Czech vocabulary.
Outsider Perception
Approved rendering: blázen / pomatený
Transliteration: mainomenos
Doctrine: Order in Worship
Original: μαινόμενος
Category: Worship
1 Corinthians 14:23. Describes how an outsider might perceive uninterpreted, chaotic tongues-speaking; low doctrinal risk.
Victory
Approved rendering: vítězství
Transliteration: nikos
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and Believers
Original: νῖκος
Category: Eschatology
1 Corinthians 15:54-57. Low ambiguity, standard Czech vocabulary.
Collection
Approved rendering: sbírka
Transliteration: logeia
Doctrine: Church Generosity and Giving
Original: λογεία
Category: Church
1 Corinthians 16:1-2. Standard, low-ambiguity secular and religious word; do not let the specific cross-congregational unity purpose collapse into a generic humanitarian-giving message.
Holy Kiss
Approved rendering: svatý pozdrav / polibek
Transliteration: philēma hagion
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Original: φίλημα ἅγιον
Category: Church
1 Corinthians 16:20. A culturally-specific first-century greeting custom expressing genuine familial affection; needs a brief cultural note (not a doctrinal risk) that this reflects a period custom, not an instruction to be replicated identically.
Referenced passages