Core Glossary

Core Glossary — Philippians (English → Czech)

This glossary lists every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, organized by doctrine, for use in building the Philippians-specific extensions to translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json in later steps. Baseline Reuse = Y means the term is already present in the Romans Language Package and its recorded Czech rendering is used here without modification, per the hard rule. Baseline Reuse = N marks a term newly introduced by this curriculum.

A. Reused Baseline Terms Appearing in Philippians (rendering carried over unchanged)

Term	Greek	Translit.	Czech	Risk (baseline)	Doctrine link in Philippians	Chapters	Note
gospel	εὐαγγέλιον	euangelion	evangelium	High	Partnership in the Gospel	1, 4	1:5, 1:12, 1:27, 4:3, 4:15
grace	χάρις	charis	milost	High	Kenosis (v.9 χαρίζομαι), greeting	1, 2, 4	1:2, 1:7, 2:9, 4:23
faith	πίστις	pistis	víra	High	Righteousness by Faith vs. Law	1, 2, 3	1:25, 1:27, 2:17, 3:9
righteousness	δικαιοσύνη	dikaiosynē	spravedlnost	Critical	Righteousness by Faith vs. Law	1, 3	1:11, 3:6, 3:9
salvation	σωτηρία	sōtēria	spasení	Critical	Joy/Suffering; Contentment; general	1, 2	1:19, 1:28, 2:12
law	νόμος	nomos	zákon	High	Righteousness by Faith vs. Law	3	3:5-9
lord	κύριος	kyrios	Pán	Critical	Lordship confession (core passage)	2, 3, 4	2:11, 3:8, 3:20, 4:4-5
resurrection	ἀνάστασις	anastasis	vzkříšení	Critical	Pressing on toward the Goal	3	3:10-11, 3:21
calling	κλῆσις	klēsis	povolání	High	Pressing on toward the Goal	3	3:14
saints	ἅγιοι	hagioi	svatí	High	Unity/Humility; general address	1, 4	1:1, 4:21-22
holy_spirit	πνεῦμα (ἅγιον)	pneuma (hagion)	Duch (svatý)	Critical	Unity/Humility (core passage)	1, 2	1:19, 1:27, 2:1
fellowship / partnership	κοινωνία	koinōnia	společenství	Low (baseline)/High in Philippians	Partnership in the Gospel; Unity	1, 2, 3, 4	1:5, 2:1, 3:10, 4:14-15 — see note below
glory	δόξα	doxa	sláva	Medium/High	Kenosis; contentment closing	1, 2, 4	1:11, 2:3, 2:11, 4:19-20
thanksgiving	εὐχαριστία	eucharistia	díkůvzdání	Low	Contentment	4	4:6
father	πατήρ	patēr	Otec	Critical	Kenosis (v.11)	2, 4	2:11, 4:20
god	θεός	theos	Bůh	Critical	throughout	all	passim
jesus / christ	Ἰησοῦς Χριστός	Iēsous Christos	Ježíš Kristus	Critical	throughout	all	passim
exhort (root: povzbuzovat)	παράκλησις (related)	paraklēsis	povzbuzení	Medium	Unity/Humility (core passage)	2	2:1
church	ἐκκλησία (implied by ἅγιοι/ἐπίσκοποι/διάκονοι context)	ekklēsia	církev	Medium	Unity/Humility	1, 4	community context

Special note on κοινωνία / společenství: the baseline treats this as Low risk in Romans (stable relational “fellowship”). In Philippians it recurs with three distinguishable senses — (1) relational fellowship of the Spirit (2:1), (2) active material/financial partnership in gospel work (1:5, 4:14-15), and (3) participatory union in Christ’s sufferings (3:10). The Czech rendering does not change, but risk should be elevated to High for this curriculum specifically, since teaching material must actively surface the partnership and participatory senses or the Partnership in the Gospel doctrine will be under-communicated by the word’s default “warm community” reading.

B. Incarnation and Self-Emptying of Christ (Kenosis) — new terms

Term	Greek	Translit.	Czech	Risk	Baseline reuse	Chapter(s)	Note
form of God	μορφὴ θεοῦ	morphē theou	podoba Boží	Critical	N	2 (2:6)	Must convey essential nature, not costume/appearance; risk of accidental docetic/Arian misreading.
existing / being	ὑπάρχων	hyparchōn	byl / existoval	High	N	2 (2:6)	Must express real, ongoing prior existence, not “became.”
a thing to be grasped	ἁρπαγμός	harpagmos	to, čeho by se měl (křečovitě) držet	Critical	N	2 (2:6)	Most contested word in the passage; follow ČEP’s “nelpěl” register; must not deny or diminish Christ’s prior equality with God.
equal with God	ἴσα θεῷ	isa theō	roven Bohu	Critical	N	2 (2:6)	Flat statement of equality; do not soften to “God-like.”
emptied himself	ἐκένωσεν (κενόω)	ekenōsen (kenoō)	sám sebe zmařil / zbavil se sám sebe (své slávy)	Critical	N	2 (2:7)	THE central kenosis verb. Must not imply Christ emptied himself of deity/divine nature — only of glory/privilege/prerogative. Pair with transliterated doctrinal name kenóze and mandatory gloss every occurrence.
form of a servant	μορφὴν δούλου	morphēn doulou	podoba služebníka	Critical	N	2 (2:7)	Must use same “podoba” root as v.6 for deliberate structural contrast.
slave / servant	δοῦλος	doulos	služebník	High	N	1, 2	Traditional softening of literal “otrok” (slave); note the loss of total, dehumanized status implied by δοῦλος.
likeness [of men]	ὁμοίωμα	homoiōma	podobnost	High	N	2 (2:7)	Must convey real, full identification with humanity, not superficial resemblance (Humanity of Christ).
outward form/appearance	σχῆμα	schēma	vzezření / podoba	Medium	N	2 (2:7)	Vary vocabulary across μορφή/ὁμοίωμα/σχῆμα to preserve the Greek’s layered nuance.
humbled himself	ἐταπείνωσεν (ταπεινόω)	etapeinōsen (tapeinoō)	ponížil se / pokořil se	Critical	N	2 (2:8)	Czech reflexive leans toward negative/degrading connotation; must be taught as voluntary, dignified, redemptive self-lowering, not disgrace.
obedient	ὑπήκοος	hypēkoos	poslušný	Medium	N (links to baseline poslušnost víry)	2 (2:8)	Christ’s own obedience, the archetype of believers’ “obedience of faith.”
cross	σταυρός	stauros	kříž	High	N	2 (2:8)	Secular decorative/jewelry/tattoo detachment from crucifixion’s historical horror and shame; teach actively.
highly exalted	ὑπερύψωσεν	hyperypsōsen	vyvýšil / povýšil nade vše	Medium	N	2 (2:9)	Preserve superlative force of ὑπερ- prefix.
name above every name	ὄνομα τὸ ὑπὲρ πᾶν ὄνομα	onoma to hyper pan onoma	jméno nad každé jméno	Low-Medium	N	2 (2:9)	Points forward to the title “Pán” revealed in v.11.
every knee bow	πᾶν γόνυ κάμψῃ	pan gony kampsē	pokleknout / sklonit každé koleno	Medium	N	2 (2:10)	Anchor to worship-submission, not generic physical gesture.
heavenly/earthly/underworld	ἐπουρανίων, ἐπιγείων, καταχθονίων	epouraniōn, epigeiōn, katachthoniōn	nebeský, pozemský, podzemní	Medium	N	2 (2:10)	Requires brief ancient-cosmology framing.
confess (tongue)	ἐξομολογήσηται	exomologēsētai	vyznat	Medium	N	2 (2:11)	Watch idiom collision with “vyznat se v něčem” (to know one’s way around).
conformed to his glorious body	σύμμορφος τῷ σώματι τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ	symmorphos tō sōmati tēs doxēs autou	podobný jeho tělu slávy	High	N	3 (3:21)	Should visibly echo the μορφή/podoba root from ch.2 to preserve the humiliation→glorification pattern applied to believers.
lowliness / our lowly body	ταπείνωσις	tapeinōsis	poníženost / naše ponížené tělo	High	N	3 (3:21)	Same connotation caution as 2:8: not disgrace, but present mortal condition awaiting glory.

C. Joy in Suffering and Imprisonment — new terms

Term	Greek	Translit.	Czech	Risk	Baseline reuse	Chapter(s)	Note
joy	χαρά	chara	radost	High	N	1, 2, 4	Central to the whole book; ordinary secular word tied to good circumstances; the paradox of commanded joy in chains has no automatic secular foothold and must be taught narratively, parallel to the baseline’s treatment of “spasení.”
rejoice	χαίρω	chairō	radovat se	High	N	1, 2, 4	Same caution as “radost.”
chains / imprisonment	δεσμά / δεσμοί	desma / desmoi	pouta / vězení	Medium	N	1	Must be understood as Paul’s literal Roman imprisonment, the concrete anchor of the doctrine.
to suffer / suffering	πάσχω / πάθημα	paschō / pathēma	trpět / utrpení	High	N	1, 3	Paul’s paradoxical framing of suffering “for Christ” as a granted privilege has no secular parallel; must be built up, not assumed.
struggle / contest	ἀγών	agōn	boj / zápas	Medium	N	1	Athletic-contest image; preserve, don’t flatten to generic “problem.”
to live is Christ, to die is gain	τὸ ζῆν Χριστός, τὸ ἀποθανεῖν κέρδος	to zēn Christos, to apothanein kerdos	žít je Kristus, zemřít je zisk	High	N	1	”Zisk” (gain/profit) is an ordinary commercial word; needs a note distinguishing this from cold transactional profit language.
progress/advancement (of the gospel)	προκοπή	prokopē	pokrok	Medium	N	1	Ordinary secular “progress” (career/technology) must be tied specifically to gospel advance.

D. Unity and Humility in the Church — new terms

Term	Greek	Translit.	Czech	Risk	Baseline reuse	Chapter(s)	Note
love	ἀγάπη	agapē	láska	Medium-High	N	1, 2	Secular Czech “láska” dominated by romantic-love sense; must be distinguished as self-giving, community-directed love.
mindset / to have this mindset	φρονέω	phroneō	smýšlet / smýšlení	Medium	N	2, 4	Must convey settled disposition/orientation of the whole person, not casual opinion.
of one soul	σύμψυχος	sympsychos	jedné duše / soujedni v duchu	Medium	N	2	No single-word Czech equivalent; requires descriptive phrase.
selfish ambition/rivalry	ἐριθεία	eritheia	sobecká ctižádost	Medium	N	2	Risk of reading as neutral/positive “ambition” in secular professional culture; needs concrete illustration.
empty conceit	κενοδοξία	kenodoxia	marnivost / prázdná touha po slávě	Medium-High	N	2	Deliberate wordplay with κενόω (v.7) and δόξα; preserve sláva root where possible.
humility	ταπεινοφροσύνη	tapeinophrosynē	pokora	High	N	2	Ordinary secular connotation borders on weakness/servility; must be taught as Christ-patterned voluntary strength, not self-abasement or lack of self-respect.
considering others more important	ὑπερέχω (clause)	hyperechō	považovat druhé za důležitější než sebe	Low-Medium	N	2	Render as full clause, not single word.
overseer / bishop	ἐπίσκοπος	episkopos	biskup (alt. dohlížitel)	High	N	1	Risk of importing later hierarchical Catholic/Orthodox structure onto a first-century local-church office; flag for theologian review.
deacon	διάκονος	diakonos	jáhen (alt. služebník/pomocník)	High	N	1	Same institutional-anachronism risk as “biskup”; flag for native-speaker review of register per document.
messenger (functional, not office)	ἀπόστολος (of Epaphroditus)	apostolos	vyslanec / posel (NOT apoštol)	High	N (distinguished from baseline “apoštol”)	2	Must use a different Czech word from the technical apostolic office to avoid conflating Epaphroditus’s role with Paul’s or the Twelve’s.
grumbling and disputing	γογγυσμὸς καὶ διαλογισμός	goggysmos kai dialogismos	mumlání a pochybování	Low	N	2	Transparent ethical vocabulary.

E. Righteousness by Faith versus the Law — new terms (core doctrine terms reuse Section A; supporting terms below)

Term	Greek	Translit.	Czech	Risk	Baseline reuse	Chapter(s)	Note
circumcision	περιτομή	peritomē	obřízka	Medium	N	3	Requires Old Testament covenant background.
Pharisee	Φαρισαῖος	Pharisaios	farizeus	Medium	N	3	Popular pejorative “hypocrite” connotation risks anachronistic coloring of Paul’s sincere pre-conversion zeal.
zeal	ζῆλος	zēlos	zápal / horlivost	Low-Medium	N	3	Should not be moralized negatively; the issue is misdirection, not insincerity.
loss	ζημία	zēmia	ztráta	Low	N	3	Transparent.
rubbish/dung (crude)	σκύβαλα	skybala	smetí / hnůj	High	N	3	Deliberately crude/visceral in Greek; sanitized Czech loses rhetorical shock; flag for register calibration.
knowledge of Christ	γνῶσις Χριστοῦ	gnōsis Christou	poznání Krista	Medium	N	3	Relational/experiential knowing, not informational knowledge.
fellowship of his sufferings	κοινωνία τῶν παθημάτων αὐτοῦ	koinōnia tōn pathēmatōn autou	společenství jeho utrpení	High	Y (κοινωνία root)	3	Third distinct nuance of κοινωνία in this book; see Section A note.

F. Contentment in All Circumstances — new terms

Term	Greek	Translit.	Czech	Risk	Baseline reuse	Chapter(s)	Note
content / contentment	αὐτάρκης / αὐτάρκεια	autarkēs / autarkeia	spokojenost	High	N	4	DOCTRINAL ANCHOR TERM. Ordinary secular life-satisfaction word (positive-psychology/self-help register); real risk the doctrine is fully absorbed into generic secular contentment stripped of Christ-dependence. Must always be paired with 4:13. Recommend theologian review.
the one strengthening me	ὁ ἐνδυναμῶν με	ho endynamōn me	ten, který mě posiluje	High	N	4	Safeguard clause; must never be dropped from excerpted quotation of 4:13.
I can do all things	πάντα ἰσχύω	panta ischyō	všechno mohu [v tom, který mě posiluje]	High	N	4	Globally over-quoted as a stand-alone motivational slogan (including secular contexts); must never be presented without its qualifying clause.
do not be anxious	μὴ μεριμνᾶτε	mē merimnate	o nic nebuďte úzkostliví / nedělejte si starosti	Medium	N	4	Risk of reading as generic “don’t worry, be happy” positive thinking rather than prayer-grounded trust.
peace of God	εἰρήνη τοῦ θεοῦ	eirēnē tou theou	pokoj Boží	Medium	Y (baseline pokoj)	4	Apply baseline caution against mere absence-of-noise reading.
gentleness / reasonableness	ἐπιείκεια	epieikeia	mírnost	Low-Medium	N	4	Transparent virtue vocabulary.
guard (the mind/heart)	φρουρέω	phroureō	chránit / hlídat	Medium	N	4	Preserve the military-garrison image (vivid protective guarding).

G. Citizenship in Heaven — new terms

Term	Greek	Translit.	Czech	Risk	Baseline reuse	Chapter(s)	Note
conduct yourselves as citizens	πολιτεύεσθε	politeuesthe	žijte jako občané	Critical	N	1	First occurrence of the citizenship-identity root vocabulary; anticipates 3:20.
our citizenship is in heaven	πολίτευμα ἐν οὐρανοῖς ὑπάρχει	politeuma en ouranois hyparchei	naše občanství je v nebesích	Critical	N	3	DOCTRINAL ANCHOR TERM. “Občanství” carries ONLY the modern legal/political sense (state/EU citizenship) with zero inherited religious content — structurally identical risk profile to baseline’s “království Boží” and “spasení.” Must always be taught with explicit contrast to earthly/national citizenship. Recommend theologian review for every occurrence.
Savior	σωτήρ	sōtēr	Spasitel	Critical	N (same root family as baseline spasení)	3	Same risk as spasení itself: archaic Kralice-tradition title at risk of registering without live conceptual content; must be actively taught as an awaited, saving Person.

H. Partnership in the Gospel — new terms (κοινωνία itself reused from Section A)

Term	Greek	Translit.	Czech	Risk	Baseline reuse	Chapter(s)	Note
partnership in the gospel	κοινωνία εἰς τὸ εὐαγγέλιον	koinōnia eis to euangelion	společenství v evangeliu	High	Y (κοινωνία root)	1	Requires teaching the active, co-laboring, resource-sharing sense beyond baseline’s Low-risk relational “fellowship.”
sacrifice and service of faith	θυσία καὶ λειτουργία τῆς πίστεως	thysia kai leitourgia tēs pisteōs	oběť a služba vaší víry	Medium	N	2	λειτουργία needs a note distinguishing costly active service from the narrow modern “liturgy” sense.
poured out (libation)	σπένδομαι	spendomai	vylévám se jako [obětní] oběť	Medium	N	2	Ancient libation-sacrifice imagery unfamiliar to modern secular reader.
minister to my need	λειτουργὸς τῆς χρείας μου	leitourgos tēs chreias mou	ten, kdo mi posloužil v mé nouzi	Low	N	2	Transparent service language.
risking his life	παραβολευσάμενος τῇ ψυχῇ	paraboleusamenos tē psychē	nasadil svůj život	Low	N	2	Vivid but transparent idiom.
giving and receiving	δόσις καὶ λῆψις	dosis kai lēpsis	dávání a přijímání	Medium	N	4	Commercial/bookkeeping idiom intentionally used for gospel partnership; tie explicitly to gospel context.
to share/partner (financially)	κοινωνέω	koinōneō	podílet se / společenství	High	Y (κοινωνία root)	4	Strongest, most concrete “partnership” sense of κοινωνία in the book; must not be flattened into merely warm relational fellowship.
credited to your account	λογίζομαι εἰς λόγον ὑμῶν	logizomai eis logon hymōn	připočteno k vašemu prospěchu	High	N (echoes baseline imputed_righteousness verb family)	4	Same verb root as Romans 4:3’s “credited… as righteousness”; flag for theologian review to keep the accounting metaphor from confusing the distinct doctrine of imputed righteousness.
fragrant offering, acceptable sacrifice	ὀσμὴ εὐωδίας, θυσία δεκτή, εὐάρεστος τῷ θεῷ	osmē euōdias, thysia dektē, euarestos tō theō	vůně příjemná, oběť přijatelná, líbezná Bohu	Medium	N	4	Requires Old Testament sacrificial-cult background.

I. Pressing on toward the Goal in Christ — new terms

Term	Greek	Translit.	Czech	Risk	Baseline reuse	Chapter(s)	Note
mature / perfect	τέλειος	teleios	dokonalý / zralý	High	N	3	Ordinary Czech “dokonalý” means flawless — risks readers concluding Christian maturity = sinlessness, or that Paul contradicts himself (3:12 vs 3:15); “zralý” safer for the positive sense.
press on / pursue	διώκω	diōkō	usilovat / běžet za [cílem]	Medium	N	3	Preserve the athletic-race metaphor via “běžet” (run) rather than flat “snažit se” (try).
goal / mark	σκοπός	skopos	cíl	Low	N	3	Transparent, reinforces race metaphor.
prize	βραβεῖον	brabeion	vítězná odměna	Medium	N	3	Plain “cena” ambiguous between “prize” and “price/cost”; use “vítězná odměna” to preserve victory-linked sense.
the calling of God	κλῆσις τοῦ θεοῦ	klēsis tou theou	povolání Boží	High	Y (baseline povolání)	3	Apply baseline caution against the job/profession secular default.

J. Supporting / General Vocabulary (Low risk, proper names, contextual terms)

Term	Greek	Translit.	Czech	Risk	Baseline reuse	Chapter(s)	Note
Paul	Παῦλος	Paulos	Pavel	Low	Y	1	Established Bible-form proper name.
Timothy	Τιμόθεος	Timotheos	Timoteus	Low	N	1, 2	Standard proper name.
Epaphroditus	Ἐπαφρόδιτος	Epaphroditos	Epafroditos	Low	N	2, 4	Standard proper name.
Euodia / Syntyche	Εὐοδία / Συντύχη	Euodia / Syntychē	Evodie / Syntyché	Low	N	4	Standard proper names.
Clement	Κλήμης	Klēmēs	Klement	Low	N	4	Standard proper name.
day of Christ	ἡμέρα Χριστοῦ	hēmera Christou	den Kristův	Medium	N	1	Needs brief eschatological framing.
fruit of righteousness	καρπὸς δικαιοσύνης	karpos dikaiosynēs	ovoce spravedlnosti	High	Y (δικαιοσύνη root)	1	Must not collapse into works-earned righteousness.
word of life	λόγος ζωῆς	logos zōēs	slovo života	Medium	N (links to evangelium)	2	Needs same active-definition treatment as “gospel.”
depart (to be with Christ)	ἀναλῦσαι	analysai	odejít [a být s Kristem]	Low-Medium	N	1	Nautical/military root image does not carry over; render plainly.
crooked and perverse generation	σκολιὰ καὶ διεστραμμένη γενεά	skolia kai diestrammenē genea	pokolení pokřivené a zvrácené	Low	N	2	Transparent moral vocabulary.
lights in the world	φωστῆρες ἐν κόσμῳ	phōstēres en kosmō	světla ve světě	Low	N	2	Transparent image.
God working in you	ὁ ἐνεργῶν ἐν ὑμῖν	ho energōn en hymin	Bůh, který ve vás působí	High	N	2	Mandatory safeguard clause for 2:12’s “work out your salvation”; must never be separated in teaching material.
work out your salvation	σωτηρίαν κατεργάζεσθε	sōtērian katergazesthe	svou spásu uskutečňujte	Critical	Y (σωτηρία root)	2	High risk of works-righteousness misreading if isolated from 2:13; parallel to baseline’s Romans 3-4 forbidden-substitution safeguard.
Caesar’s household	οἱ ἐκ τῆς Καίσαρος οἰκίας	hoi ek tēs Kaisaros oikias	z domu Caesarova	Low	N	4	Historical/proper-noun reference confirming Roman imprisonment setting.
fullness, riches, glory	πλήρωμα, πλοῦτος, δόξα	plērōma, ploutos, doxa	naplnění, bohatství, sláva	Medium	Y (δόξα root)	4	”Bohatství” also = material wealth; distinguish from prosperity-gospel misreading.

Risk Tier Summary for This Curriculum Extension

Tier	Count (new + elevated baseline terms)	Notes
Critical	9	μορφὴ θεοῦ, ἁρπαγμός, ἴσα θεῷ, ἐκένωσεν, μορφὴν δούλου, ἐταπείνωσεν, πολιτεύεσθε, πολίτευμα ἐν οὐρανοῖς, σωτήρ, σωτηρίαν κατεργάζεσθε (note: 10 items listed; πολιτεύεσθε and πολίτευμα are treated as a linked Critical pair)
High	27	Includes δοῦλος, ὁμοίωμα, σχῆμα (High), κοινωνία (elevated), χαρά/χαίρω, πάσχω, ζῆλος-adjacent σκύβαλα, ἀγάπη, ταπεινοφροσύνη, ἐπίσκοπος, διάκονος, ἀπόστολος (Epaphroditus sense), αὐτάρκεια, πάντα ἰσχύω, τέλειος, λογίζομαι, κοινωνέω, and others as tabled above
Medium	~28	Full list in sections above
Low	~15	Proper names and transparent vocabulary

This glossary, together with 07_semantic_analysis.md, is the required input for the Philippians extension to translation_memory.json, bible_term_registry.json, and doctrine_risk_registry.json in subsequent Phase 1 steps.

Critical Risk Terms

Justification

Approved rendering: ospravedlnění
Transliteration: dikaiōsis
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ospravedlnění pouze ve smyslu běžné omluvy/obhájení jednání

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). The term itself is not lexically present in Philippians, but the doctrine (Righteousness by Faith versus the Law, Phil 3:9) is this curriculum’s structural parallel to Romans 3-4; retained here for cross-document doctrinal consistency.

Salvation

Approved rendering: spasení
Transliteration: sōtēria
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: spasení jako pouze archaický literární výraz bez obsahu
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Occurs at Philippians 1:19, 1:28, and critically at 2:12 (‘work out your salvation’), where the term’s low conceptual traction compounds the separate risk that 2:12 alone (without 2:13) reads as self-achieved salvation.

Lord

Approved rendering: Pán
Transliteration: kyrios
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: pán s malým ‘p’ jako běžné zdvořilostní oslovení
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Philippians 2:9-11 is this curriculum’s own version of Romans 10:9’s confession and must carry the identical mandatory explanatory note that capitalization alone cannot signal exclusive divine lordship. Also occurs at 3:8, 3:20, 4:5.

Son Of God

Approved rendering: Syn Boží
Transliteration: huios theou
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). The exact phrase is not lexically present in Philippians, but the underlying doctrine of Christ’s eternal, unique Sonship undergirds 2:6’s ‘form of God’; retained for cross-document Trinitarian consistency.

Jesus

Approved rendering: Ježíš
Transliteration: Iēsous
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Same register caution against colloquial exclamatory use (‘Ježíšmarjá’) applies to all formal doctrinal material in this curriculum.

God

Approved rendering: Bůh
Transliteration: theos
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Used throughout Philippians without variation.

Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: Duch svatý
Transliteration: pneuma hagion
Doctrine: Sanctification / Unity in the Church
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Philippians 2:1’s ‘κοινωνία πνεύματος’ (fellowship/common possession of the Spirit) must be read as the Spirit’s Person shared among believers, not a vague ‘spirit of camaraderie.‘

Father

Approved rendering: Otec
Transliteration: patēr
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ / Adoption
Original: πατήρ
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Closes the Christ-hymn (2:11) and the letter’s benediction (4:20), confirming the Trinitarian frame in which the Son’s exaltation glorifies the Father.

Imputed Righteousness

Approved rendering: přičtená spravedlnost
Transliteration: elogisthē autō eis dikaiosynēn
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: spravedlnost jako výsledek vlastního mravního zlepšení

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Must be actively distinguished from Philippians 4:17’s ‘credited to your account’ financial-gift imagery, which shares the same verb-root family (λογίζομαι) but describes the Philippians’ gift, not the mechanism of justification itself. Teaching material must never let the two be conflated.

Form Of God

Approved rendering: podoba Boží
Transliteration: morphē theou
Doctrine: Preexistence and Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: způsob Boží (archaic BKR wording, opaque to modern reader), vzhled Boží (would wrongly suggest mere outward appearance)
Original: μορφὴ θεοῦ
Category: Christology

Czech ‘podoba’ alone can mean mere outward resemblance (‘je v podobě člověka’); must be explicitly taught as essential divine nature, not costume or appearance, to prevent an accidental docetic or Arian misreading. No live rival Christology in Czech culture to catch this error, so it must be built correctly from the outset.

Harpagmos Not Grasped

Approved rendering: to, čeho by se měl (křečovitě) držet
Transliteration: harpagmos
Doctrine: Incarnation and Self-Emptying of Christ (Kenosis)
Rejected alternatives: loupež (BKR’s literal ‘plunder/robbery’, now archaic and opaque), věc k uchvácení (implies Christ did not yet possess equality — doctrinal error)
Original: ἁρπαγμός
Category: Christology

One of the most exegetically contested NT words. Follows ČEP’s ‘nelpěl’ (did not cling/insist) register. Must avoid implying either that Christ was not truly equal with God, or that he illegitimately grasped at a status not yet his — both are live sectarian mistranslation risks (see 05_translation_landscape.md re: Jehovah’s Witnesses’ Překlad nového světa).

Equal With God

Approved rendering: roven Bohu
Transliteration: isa theō
Doctrine: Preexistence and Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: podobný Bohu / Bohu podobný (would wrongly soften to ‘God-like’ rather than full equality)
Original: ἴσα θεῷ
Category: Christology

Must be preserved as a flat statement of full equality; every mainstream Czech Bible translation (BKR, ČEP, B21) converges on this unqualified rendering, so any softening in this curriculum would be a translation error, not permissible stylistic variation.

Kenosis Emptied Himself

Approved rendering: sám sebe zmařil / zbavil se sám sebe (své slávy a postavení)
Transliteration: ekenōsen (kenoō)
Doctrine: Incarnation and Self-Emptying of Christ (Kenosis)
Rejected alternatives: zbavil se svého božství (would state Christ emptied himself OF deity — the kenotic-Christology heresy), odložil svou slávu (B21-style paraphrase, acceptable as a gloss but not a substitute for the verb)
Original: ἐκένωσεν (κενόω)
Category: Christology

THE single most doctrinally sensitive verb in the book. Must always be paired with the transliterated doctrinal label ‘kenóze’ and an explanatory gloss stating the emptying is of glory/privilege/prerogative, never of divine nature itself. No live Czech theological schema will catch a subtler error automatically.

Form Of A Servant

Approved rendering: podoba služebníka
Transliteration: morphēn doulou
Doctrine: Incarnation and Self-Emptying of Christ (Kenosis)
Rejected alternatives: způsob služebníka (archaic BKR wording, breaks the deliberate root-echo with v.6)
Original: μορφὴν δούλου
Category: Christology

MUST reuse the identical ‘podoba’ root established for ‘form_of_god’ (2:6) so the deliberate structural contrast between Christ’s two ‘forms’ is not lost; ČEP already makes this same root-linking choice.

Humbled Himself

Approved rendering: ponížil se / pokořil se
Transliteration: etapeinōsen (tapeinoō)
Doctrine: Christ’s Voluntary Self-Humbling
Rejected alternatives: byl ponížen (passive, would wrongly suggest an externally imposed humiliation rather than a voluntary act)
Original: ἐταπείνωσεν (ταπεινόω)
Category: Christology

The ordinary Czech reflexive ‘ponížit se’ leans toward negative, degrading connotation (humiliation imposed against one’s will); must be actively taught as Christ’s voluntary, dignified, redemptive self-lowering, the model for the humility commanded in 2:3. No parallel devotional tradition in Czech supplies the positive sense automatically.

Conduct As Citizens

Approved rendering: žijte jako občané [hodni evangelia]
Transliteration: politeuesthe
Doctrine: Citizenship in Heaven
Rejected alternatives: obcujte (BKR’s archaic ‘obcování’ root — FORBIDDEN: has drifted in modern Czech into the fixed legal/medical euphemism ‘pohlavní obcování,’ sexual intercourse)
Original: πολιτεύεσθε
Category: Citizenship

First occurrence of the citizenship-identity root vocabulary, anticipating 3:20. Ordinary Czech ‘občan’ is bound entirely to state/national/EU citizenship with zero inherited religious content. Must be actively taught as a claim about primary allegiance and identity located in heaven, not Czech or EU civic status.

Citizenship In Heaven

Approved rendering: naše občanství je v nebesích
Transliteration: politeuma en ouranois hyparchei
Doctrine: Citizenship in Heaven
Rejected alternatives: naše obcování jest v nebesích (BKR archaism — FORBIDDEN, same ‘obcování’ collision as above)
Original: πολίτευμα ἐν οὐρανοῖς ὑπάρχει
Category: Citizenship

DOCTRINAL ANCHOR TERM structurally identical in risk profile to the baseline’s ‘království Boží’ and ‘spasení’: ‘občanství’ carries ONLY the modern legal/political sense with zero inherited religious content. Must always be taught with explicit contrast to earthly/national citizenship; recommend theologian review for every occurrence.

Savior

Approved rendering: Spasitel
Transliteration: sōtēr
Doctrine: The Awaited Savior and Return of Christ
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Citizenship

Same risk family as baseline ‘spasení’: as a Kralice-tradition word on the same root, risks registering as an archaic, quasi-liturgical title without live conceptual content, rather than pointing to an actively awaited, saving Person. Must be taught, not merely used.

Work Out Your Salvation

Approved rendering: svou spásu uskutečňujte
Transliteration: sōtērian katergazesthe
Doctrine: Progressive Sanctification and Divine Enablement
Rejected alternatives: vypracovávejte své spasení (acceptable literal variant, but must carry the identical mandatory safeguard pairing with 2:13)
Original: σωτηρίαν κατεργάζεσθε
Category: Salvation

Structurally identical risk to the baseline’s Romans 3-4 works-vs-grace forbidden-substitution rule. Isolated from 2:13, this phrase is highly vulnerable to a works-righteousness misreading. MUST always be taught paired with 2:13 (‘Bůh, který ve vás působí’) and never quoted separately.

High Risk Terms

Gospel

Approved rendering: evangelium
Transliteration: euangelion
Doctrine: Gospel
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Established term, must be actively defined at first use for a secular reader. In Philippians the term is repeatedly bound to Paul’s imprisonment (1:12) and to the Philippians’ material partnership (1:5, 4:15); reinforce the ‘active proclamation worth suffering and giving for’ content on top of the baseline gloss.

Grace

Approved rendering: milost
Transliteration: charis
Doctrine: Grace
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Judicial-clemency secular drift risk applies unchanged. Philippians 2:9’s χαρίζομαι (same root) frames even Christ’s exaltation as a gift graciously bestowed; note the shared root across 1:2, 2:9, and 4:23 so the grace theme is visible across the whole letter.

Faith

Approved rendering: víra
Transliteration: pistis
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: víra v obecném slova smyslu (generic self-confidence)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Philippians 3:9’s ‘righteousness through faith in Christ’ is this book’s parallel to Romans’ justification argument; the object of faith (Christ) must always be explicit.

Righteousness

Approved rendering: spravedlnost
Transliteration: dikaiosynē
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: spravedlnost výhradně v civilním/právním smyslu
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged tier from baseline TM; note bible_term_registry.json rates this Critical for this curriculum given Philippians 3:6-9’s direct faith-vs-law antithesis — treat as Critical in practice for Phil. 3 occurrences). Must not collapse into ordinary civic/legal fairness.

Calling

Approved rendering: povolání
Transliteration: klēsis
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: povolání výhradně ve smyslu civilního zaměstnání
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Philippians 3:14’s ‘calling of God’ names the goal of Paul’s race; must not register as merely ‘my profession,’ the dominant secular sense of ‘povolání.‘

Saints

Approved rendering: svatí
Transliteration: hagioi
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: svatí výhradně jako historické kanonizované osobnosti
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Frames both the letter’s opening address (1:1) and closing greetings (4:21-22); apply the baseline’s corporate-sense note distinguishing it from the Czech calendar’s canonized-individual name-day association every occurrence.

Sanctification

Approved rendering: posvěcení
Transliteration: hagiasmos
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: posvěcení výhradně jako rituální/symbolický akt (např. posvěcení budovy)

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Underlies the doctrine ‘Progressive Sanctification and Divine Enablement’ (Phil 2:12-13), where the Spirit’s ongoing transformative work, not ceremonial blessing, is in view.

Resurrection

Approved rendering: vzkříšení
Transliteration: anastasis
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Philippians 3:10-11, 21 extends this to believers’ own future bodily resurrection/transformation; apply the baseline’s Easter-folk-custom (pomlázka) detachment caution unchanged.

Incarnation

Approved rendering: vtělení
Transliteration: ho logos sarx egeneto
Doctrine: Incarnation

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Names the theological event behind Philippians 2:7’s ‘form of a servant… likeness of men’; low competing secular meaning but also low pre-existing recognition, treat as taught content.

Fellowship

Approved rendering: společenství
Transliteration: koinōnia
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship / Partnership in the Gospel

Inherited from Romans package, RISK ELEVATED for this curriculum (baseline Romans tier: Low). Philippians recurs with three distinguishable senses under the same Czech word: (1) relational fellowship of the Spirit (2:1), (2) active material/financial gospel partnership (1:5, 4:14-15), (3) participatory union in Christ’s sufferings (3:10). Teaching material must actively surface senses (2) and (3) or they will default to the word’s passive ‘warm community’ reading.

Law

Approved rendering: zákon
Transliteration: nomos
Doctrine: Righteousness by Faith versus the Law
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Philippians 3:5-9 uses this as the specific ground of confidence Paul renounces; keep distinct from the ordinary Czech sense of civil legislation.

Glory

Approved rendering: sláva
Transliteration: doxa
Doctrine: Deity of Christ / Kenosis
Rejected alternatives: sláva ve smyslu světské slávy či úspěchu
Original: δόξα
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package, RISK ELEVATED for this curriculum (baseline Romans tier: Medium). Philippians deliberately returns to this root at the warning against empty self-glory (κενοδοξία, 2:3), the confession’s climax (2:11), and 4:19-20; must not drift to the ordinary secular sense of worldly fame, and the literary bracket (empty glory forbidden / true glory given) should be visible in teaching notes.

Obedience Of Faith

Approved rendering: poslušnost víry
Transliteration: hypakoē pisteōs
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Philippians 2:8 presents Christ’s own obedience unto death as the archetype of the believer’s obedience of faith; connects directly to the new term ‘obedient_unto_death.‘

Covenant

Approved rendering: smlouva
Transliteration: diathēkē
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: smlouva výhradně jako běžná obchodní/právní smlouva

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Provides the required Old Testament covenant background for Philippians 3:5’s ‘circumcision’ (obřízka), which cannot be taught in isolation from this concept for a secular reader.

Slave Servant

Approved rendering: služebník
Transliteration: doulos
Doctrine: Humanity of Christ / Christ’s Voluntary Self-Humbling
Rejected alternatives: otrok (literal ‘slave’, more accurate to the total loss of legal personhood but not the established church-tradition rendering)
Original: δοῦλος
Category: Christology

Established church tradition softens δοῦλος to ‘služebník’ rather than the harsher literal ‘otrok.’ This under-communicates the totality of Christ’s self-abasement; teaching material should restore the ‘slave, not employee’ sense with a brief note, since readers have no cultural memory of ancient slavery’s legal weight.

Likeness Of Men

Approved rendering: podobnost
Transliteration: homoiōma
Doctrine: Humanity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: vzhled lidí (would suggest only external similarity)
Original: ὁμοίωμα
Category: Christology

Czech ‘podobnost’ can suggest superficial resemblance; must be taught as Christ becoming truly, fully human, not merely appearing human, given low background familiarity with basic Christological categories.

Cross

Approved rendering: kříž
Transliteration: stauros
Doctrine: Christ’s Voluntary Self-Humbling
Original: σταυρός
Category: Christology

Stable, recognized word, but circulates heavily in secular Czech culture as decorative jewelry, tattoo art, and generic symbol, largely detached from the historical horror and social shame of Roman crucifixion — structurally the same detachment risk the baseline notes for ‘vzkříšení’ and Easter folk custom. Must be actively taught, not assumed from symbolic familiarity.

Conformed To Glorious Body

Approved rendering: podobný jeho tělu slávy
Transliteration: symmorphos tō sōmati tēs doxēs autou
Doctrine: Hope of Bodily Resurrection and Transformation
Original: σύμμορφος τῷ σώματι τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ
Category: Christology

Should visibly reuse the μορφή/‘podoba’ root established in 2:6-7 so readers can trace the humiliation-to-glorification pattern from Christ (ch.2) onto believers (ch.3); losing the root connection weakens a deliberate structural echo.

Lowliness Of Body

Approved rendering: naše ponížené tělo
Transliteration: tapeinōsis
Doctrine: Hope of Bodily Resurrection and Transformation
Original: ταπείνωσις
Category: Christology

Same connotation risk as ‘ponížil se’ (2:8): Czech ‘ponížené’ leans toward negative/degrading. Here it describes the present natural, mortal condition awaiting glorification, not disgrace.

Joy

Approved rendering: radost
Transliteration: chara
Doctrine: Joy in Suffering and Imprisonment
Original: χαρά
Category: Joy

‘Radost’ is an entirely ordinary secular word for happiness tied to good circumstances (a party, good news, a win). Philippians’ distinctive claim — joy in chains, joy commanded — has no automatic foothold in the ordinary sense and must be actively taught narratively, exactly as the baseline flags for ‘spasení.‘

Rejoice

Approved rendering: radovat se
Transliteration: chairō
Doctrine: Joy in Suffering and Imprisonment
Original: χαίρω
Category: Joy

Same secular-happiness-default risk as ‘radost.’ Philippians 4:4’s doubled command (‘rejoice… again I say, rejoice’) must be preserved to convey imperative force, not a mood-dependent suggestion.

Suffering For Christ

Approved rendering: trpět / utrpení
Transliteration: paschō / pathēma
Doctrine: Suffering for Christ as Granted Privilege
Original: πάσχω / πάθημα
Category: Suffering

Ordinary secular ‘utrpení’ (illness, hardship) is understood, but Paul’s paradoxical framing of suffering for Christ as a granted, joy-bound privilege has no ready secular parallel and must be built from scratch.

Life Is Christ Death Is Gain

Approved rendering: žít je Kristus, zemřít je zisk
Transliteration: to zēn Christos, to apothanein kerdos
Doctrine: Joy in Suffering and Imprisonment / Christian Identity in Christ
Original: τὸ ζῆν Χριστός, τὸ ἀποθανεῖν κέρδος
Category: Christian Identity

‘Zisk’ (gain/profit) is an ordinary Czech commercial word; risk that it reads as a cold transactional metaphor rather than the passage’s actual sense of death as relational gain (being with Christ, cf. 1:23). Needs a distinguishing note.

Love Agape

Approved rendering: láska
Transliteration: agapē
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Ethics

NEW TERM for this Language Package. Ordinary Czech ‘láska’ is dominated by romantic love in everyday speech; Paul’s self-giving, community-directed sense must be actively distinguished from the default romantic-love association at first occurrence in this curriculum.

Empty Conceit

Approved rendering: marnivost / prázdná touha po slávě
Transliteration: kenodoxia
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Rejected alternatives: marnivost alone (loses the deliberate δόξα/‘sláva’ wordplay with vv.7 and 9-11)
Original: κενοδοξία
Category: Ethics

The wordplay with κενόω (v.7) and δόξα (baseline ‘sláva’) is a structural feature of the passage; preserve the ‘sláva’ root where possible (‘prázdná touha po slávě’) so the contrast with Christ’s true glory is not lost.

Humility

Approved rendering: pokora
Transliteration: tapeinophrosynē
Doctrine: Humility as a Christ-Patterned Virtue
Original: ταπεινοφροσύνη
Category: Ethics

In ordinary secular usage ‘pokora’ can carry an ambivalent connotation bordering on weakness, servility, or lack of self-respect, viewed negatively in a competitive professional culture, rather than the NT’s positive, Christ-patterned virtue of voluntary self-giving strength. Needs explicit contrast with weakness/self-abasement.

Overseer Bishop

Approved rendering: biskup
Transliteration: episkopos
Doctrine: Church Leadership Offices (Overseers and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: dohlížitel (more neutral but sounds bureaucratic; acceptable lower-register alternative for less formal documents)
Original: ἐπίσκοπος
Category: Church

‘Biskup’ in contemporary Czech usage is strongly associated with the specific, hierarchical Catholic/Orthodox clerical rank, a far larger and more formal structure than a first-century house-church overseer. Risk of importing a later denominational structure into the text; flag for theologian review of the anachronism.

Deacon

Approved rendering: jáhen
Transliteration: diakonos
Doctrine: Church Leadership Offices (Overseers and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: služebník / pomocník (safer but less specific as a title; acceptable lower-register alternative)
Original: διάκονος
Category: Church

‘Jáhen’ carries strong Catholic/Orthodox clerical-rank associations (an ordained office), which may overstate the formality of the first-century role. Flag for native-speaker review to calibrate register per document.

Messenger Functional

Approved rendering: vyslanec / posel
Transliteration: apostolos (functional sense, 2:25)
Doctrine: Partnership in the Gospel
Rejected alternatives: apoštol (FORBIDDEN — would falsely imply Epaphroditus held the same office as Paul or the Twelve)
Original: ἀπόστολος (of Epaphroditus, 2:25)
Category: Church

Baseline reserves ‘apoštol’ for the Critical/High technical office. This occurrence must use a different Czech word to prevent readers concluding Epaphroditus held the same office as Paul or the Twelve.

Rubbish Dung

Approved rendering: smetí / hnůj
Transliteration: skybala
Doctrine: Righteousness by Faith versus the Law
Rejected alternatives: a fully crude vulgar equivalent (rejected as violating the formal register requirement of teaching material)
Original: σκύβαλα
Category: Salvation

Paul’s Greek is deliberately crude/visceral (closer to ‘excrement’ than polite ‘rubbish’), a rhetorical shock tactic. Overly sanitized Czech (‘smetí’) loses the force; flag for native-speaker register calibration without losing rhetorical intensity.

Fellowship Of His Sufferings

Approved rendering: společenství jeho utrpení
Transliteration: koinōnia tōn pathēmatōn autou
Doctrine: Participatory Partnership in Christ’s Sufferings
Original: κοινωνία τῶν παθημάτων αὐτοῦ
Category: Suffering

A third distinct nuance of κοινωνία/‘společenství’ in this book (beyond relational fellowship at 2:1 and financial partnership at 1:5/4:14-15); requires a consistent glossary note tracking all three senses under the single Czech word.

Contentment

Approved rendering: spokojenost
Transliteration: autarkēs / autarkeia
Doctrine: Contentment in All Circumstances
Original: αὐτάρκης / αὐτάρκεια
Category: Contentment

DOCTRINAL ANCHOR TERM. ‘Spokojenost’ is an entirely ordinary, contemporary secular Czech word central to modern positive-psychology/self-help vocabulary. Real danger the doctrine is fully absorbed into generic secular contentment stripped of Christ-dependence. MUST always be paired with 4:13; recommend theologian review for every occurrence.

One Who Strengthens Me

Approved rendering: ten, který mě posiluje
Transliteration: ho endynamōn me
Doctrine: Christ as the Believer’s Sufficient Strength
Original: ὁ ἐνδυναμῶν με
Category: Contentment

This clause is the mandatory safeguard against 4:13a being read as generic self-empowerment; must never be dropped in excerpted quotation.

I Can Do All Things

Approved rendering: všechno mohu
Transliteration: panta ischyō
Doctrine: Christ as the Believer’s Sufficient Strength
Rejected alternatives: Se svým Kristem dokážu všechno (B21-style punchier paraphrase — accepted stylistically only if the qualifying clause is retained inseparably)
Original: πάντα ἰσχύω
Category: Contentment

One of the most globally over-quoted half-verses in the letter, circulating in secular motivational contexts (gym posters, social media) as a stand-alone empowerment slogan. Teaching material must NEVER present this without its qualifying clause.

Partnership In The Gospel

Approved rendering: společenství v evangeliu
Transliteration: koinōnia eis to euangelion
Doctrine: Partnership in the Gospel
Original: κοινωνία εἰς τὸ εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Partnership

Requires teaching the active, co-laboring, resource-sharing sense of κοινωνία, beyond the more passive relational ‘fellowship’ sense the baseline treats as Low risk in Romans; same Czech word, expanded contextual note required.

Partner Financially

Approved rendering: podílet se
Transliteration: koinōneō
Doctrine: Partnership in the Gospel
Original: κοινωνέω
Category: Partnership

The strongest, most concrete ‘partnership’ sense of κοινωνία in the book; glossary and teaching notes must ensure ‘společenství’ is not flattened into merely warm relational fellowship, losing the concrete material-partnership content central to this doctrine.

Credited To Your Account

Approved rendering: připočteno k vašemu prospěchu
Transliteration: logizomai eis logon hymōn
Doctrine: Financial Gift Imagery and Imputed Righteousness Distinction
Original: λογίζομαι εἰς λόγον ὑμῶν
Category: Partnership

Genuine intertextual overlap with the baseline’s Critical ‘přičtená spravedlnost’ (imputed righteousness, Romans 4:3) verb family. Flag for theologian review to ensure the accounting image reinforces, rather than confuses, the distinct foundational doctrine that justification is not earned by giving or any other work.

Mature Perfect

Approved rendering: dokonalý / zralý
Transliteration: teleios
Doctrine: Christian Maturity (Not Sinless Perfection)
Rejected alternatives: dokonalý used for BOTH occurrences (FORBIDDEN — produces apparent self-contradiction or implies sinless perfection)
Original: τέλειος
Category: Perseverance

Ordinary secular Czech ‘dokonalý’ means flawless, without defect. Reserve ‘dokonalý’ strictly for Paul’s explicit denial of having ‘arrived’ (3:12); use ‘zralý’ (mature/ripe) for the positive believer-maturity sense (3:15). Reconcile both explicitly in the same teaching unit.

Fruit Of Righteousness

Approved rendering: ovoce spravedlnosti
Transliteration: karpos dikaiosynēs
Doctrine: Righteousness by Faith versus the Law
Original: καρπὸς δικαιοσύνης
Category: Salvation

Reinforces baseline’s forensic-then-transformative righteousness teaching; must not collapse into ‘the fruit IS righteousness earned by works.‘

God Working In You

Approved rendering: Bůh, který ve vás působí
Transliteration: ho energōn en hymin
Doctrine: Progressive Sanctification and Divine Enablement
Original: ὁ ἐνεργῶν ἐν ὑμῖν
Category: Salvation

This is the mandatory safeguard clause; must never be omitted or separated in teaching material from 2:12’s ‘work out your salvation.‘

Medium Risk Terms

Called

Approved rendering: povolaný
Transliteration: klētos
Doctrine: Divine Calling

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Not textually prominent in Philippians itself but retained for cross-curriculum vocabulary consistency with the related noun ‘calling’ used at Phil 3:14.

Holy

Approved rendering: svatý
Transliteration: hagios
Doctrine: Sanctification

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Underlies the corporate ‘saints’ address in Philippians 1:1 and 4:21-22.

Peace

Approved rendering: pokoj
Transliteration: eirēnē
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: pokoj ve smyslu pouhého klidu či nepřítomnosti hluku

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Occurs in Philippians 4:7, 4:9 as ‘pokoj Boží’; distinguish from mere quiet/absence of disturbance per baseline caution.

Church

Approved rendering: církev
Transliteration: ekklēsia
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: kostel (budova) namísto společenství věřících
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Underlies the local congregational structure addressed in Philippians 1:1 (overseers, deacons) and greeted corporately throughout.

Kingdom Of God

Approved rendering: království Boží
Transliteration: basileia tou theou
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Not lexically present in Philippians but conceptually adjacent to Citizenship in Heaven (Phil 1:27, 3:20); retain the baseline’s caution against a fairy-tale-kingdom association, and keep ‘království’ distinct from ‘občanství’ in teaching material about the two doctrines.

Mission

Approved rendering: misie
Transliteration: apostolē / pempō
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations / Partnership in the Gospel

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Retains the baseline’s caution about a mild colonial/NGO-humanitarian secular connotation; relevant background for Partnership in the Gospel (Phil 1:5, 4:14-18).

Encouragement

Approved rendering: povzbuzení
Transliteration: paraklēsis
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Rejected alternatives: utěšení / povzbuzení láskou (paramythion, near-synonym in same verse)
Original: παράκλησις
Category: Church

Related noun form of baseline verb ‘povzbuzovat.’ Must be anchored explicitly to ‘ἐν Χριστῷ’ (v.1) so it is not read as generic, detached pep-talk encouragement.

Outward Form

Approved rendering: vzezření
Transliteration: schēma
Doctrine: Humanity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: podoba (would collapse the three-term μορφή/ὁμοίωμα/σχῆμα nuance into one Czech word)
Original: σχῆμα
Category: Christology

Deliberately varied from ‘podoba’/‘podobnost’ to preserve the Greek’s genuine three-term layering (essential form / full likeness / outward appearance).

Obedient Unto Death

Approved rendering: poslušný
Transliteration: hypēkoos
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Original: ὑπήκοος
Category: Christology

Christ’s own obedience to the Father, extending to death; the archetype the baseline’s ‘poslušnost víry’ (obedience of faith) doctrine applies to believers.

Highly Exalted

Approved rendering: vyvýšil / povýšil nade vše
Transliteration: hyperypsōsen
Doctrine: Exaltation of Christ
Rejected alternatives: povýšil (without an intensifier, loses the ὑπερ- compound force)
Original: ὑπερύψωσεν
Category: Christology

Must communicate a superlative exaltation, not merely a promotion; reflect the compound ὑπερ- (‘above/beyond’) intensifier.

Name Above Every Name

Approved rendering: jméno nad každé jméno
Transliteration: onoma to hyper pan onoma
Doctrine: Exaltation of Christ
Original: ὄνομα τὸ ὑπὲρ πᾶν ὄνομα
Category: Christology

Needs a note that this points toward the title ‘Pán’ revealed in v.11, not a literal new personal name.

Every Knee Shall Bow

Approved rendering: sklonit každé koleno
Transliteration: pan gony kampsē
Doctrine: Exaltation of Christ
Original: πᾶν γόνυ κάμψῃ
Category: Christology

Physical kneeling also occurs in secular/athletic/formal Czech contexts; must be anchored explicitly to worship-submission, not a generic physical gesture.

Cosmic Realms

Approved rendering: nebeský, pozemský, podzemní
Transliteration: epouraniōn, epigeiōn, katachthoniōn
Doctrine: Exaltation of Christ
Original: ἐπουρανίων, ἐπιγείων, καταχθονίων
Category: Christology

This three-tier ancient cosmology is not native to a modern secular reader’s mental map; requires brief cosmological framing so the phrase reads as a totalizing theological claim, not poetic flourish.

Confess With Tongue

Approved rendering: vyznat
Transliteration: exomologēsētai
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ (Universal Confession)
Original: ἐξομολογήσηται
Category: Christology

Church-tradition term (cf. ‘vyznání víry’), but the reflexive idiom ‘vyznat se v něčem’ means simply ‘to know one’s way around a subject’ in ordinary Czech; care needed that ‘vyznat’ reads as confess/acknowledge, not the idiomatic sense.

Chains Imprisonment

Approved rendering: pouta / vězení
Transliteration: desma / desmoi
Doctrine: Joy in Suffering and Imprisonment
Original: δεσμά / δεσμοί
Category: Suffering

Must be understood as Paul’s literal, physical Roman imprisonment, not a metaphor for generic hardship — the concrete circumstantial anchor of the doctrine.

Struggle Contest

Approved rendering: boj / zápas
Transliteration: agōn
Doctrine: Suffering for Christ as Granted Privilege
Rejected alternatives: problém / potíž (would flatten the athletic-contest image)
Original: ἀγών
Category: Suffering

The athletic-contest connotation (also present in Czech ‘zápas’ = wrestling match/sports contest) should be preserved as an image, not flattened to generic ‘problem.‘

Progress Of Gospel

Approved rendering: pokrok
Transliteration: prokopē
Doctrine: Partnership in the Gospel
Original: προκοπή
Category: Mission

Ordinary secular Czech usage (career/technology/societal progress) is not wrong but must be tied specifically to gospel proclamation, not generic self-improvement.

Mindset Phroneo

Approved rendering: smýšlet / smýšlení
Transliteration: phroneō
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Rejected alternatives: myslet si / názor (would flatten to casual opinion)
Original: φρονέω
Category: Ethics

Abstract term structurally governing 2:1-11; risk is under-translation as mere ‘opinion’ or casual ‘thinking’ rather than a settled whole-person disposition believers are commanded to adopt.

One Soul

Approved rendering: jedné duše
Transliteration: sympsychos
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Rejected alternatives: soujedni v duchu (alternative descriptive phrase, acceptable but less compact)
Original: σύμψυχος
Category: Ethics

Rare Greek compound with no ready-made single Czech word; requires a descriptive phrase rather than a one-word rendering.

Selfish Ambition

Approved rendering: sobecká ctižádost
Transliteration: eritheia
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Rejected alternatives: soupeření (rivalry, near-synonym but weaker on the self-serving nuance)
Original: ἐριθεία
Category: Ethics

Risk of reading as neutral or even positive ‘ambition’ in secular Czech professional culture, where ambition is generally prized; needs concrete negative illustration (factionalism, self-promotion at others’ expense).

Considering Others More Important

Approved rendering: považovat druhé za důležitější než sebe
Transliteration: hyperechō (clause)
Doctrine: Humility as a Christ-Patterned Virtue
Original: ὑπερέχω (clause)
Category: Ethics

Transparent when rendered as a full clause rather than forced into a single Czech word.

Circumcision

Approved rendering: obřízka
Transliteration: peritomē
Doctrine: Righteousness by Faith versus the Law
Original: περιτομή
Category: Covenant

Established term; requires Old Testament covenant background (see term ‘covenant’) not assumed as prior knowledge for a general secular Czech reader.

Pharisee

Approved rendering: farizeus
Transliteration: Pharisaios
Doctrine: Righteousness by Faith versus the Law
Original: Φαρισαῖος
Category: Covenant

Popular secular Czech usage carries a strong pejorative ‘hypocrite’ connotation; note needed that Paul is not calling himself a hypocrite here but describing genuine, sincere pre-conversion zeal.

Zeal

Approved rendering: zápal / horlivost
Transliteration: zēlos
Doctrine: Righteousness by Faith versus the Law
Original: ζῆλος
Category: Covenant

Should not be moralized negatively; the point of the passage is that this zeal, however sincere, was misdirected apart from Christ, not that it was insincere.

Knowledge Of Christ

Approved rendering: poznání Krista
Transliteration: gnōsis Christou
Doctrine: Righteousness by Faith versus the Law
Original: γνῶσις Χριστοῦ
Category: Faith

Must be read as relational, experiential knowing (paralleling ‘víra’s’ personal-trust sense), not academic/informational knowledge, the default sense of ‘poznání’ in secular contexts.

Do Not Be Anxious

Approved rendering: nedělejte si starosti
Transliteration: mē merimnate
Doctrine: Replacing Anxiety with Prayer
Original: μὴ μεριμνᾶτε
Category: Contentment

No major secular collision, but risk that this reads as generic positive-thinking advice (‘don’t worry, be happy’) rather than a command grounded specifically in prayer and God’s presence.

Peace Of God

Approved rendering: pokoj Boží
Transliteration: eirēnē tou theou
Doctrine: Replacing Anxiety with Prayer
Original: εἰρήνη τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Salvation

Reuses baseline ‘pokoj’; apply baseline caution against the everyday sense of mere quiet or absence of noise.

Gentleness

Approved rendering: mírnost
Transliteration: epieikeia
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: ἐπιείκεια
Category: Ethics

Transparent virtue vocabulary with minimal secular-drift risk.

Guard Mind Heart

Approved rendering: chránit / hlídat
Transliteration: phroureō
Doctrine: Replacing Anxiety with Prayer
Rejected alternatives: udržet (flattens the vivid military-garrison image to mere maintenance)
Original: φρουρέω
Category: Contentment

The military-garrison image should be preserved via ‘hlídat/strážit’ rather than a flat ‘udržet,’ to keep the vivid protective-guard picture.

Sacrifice Service Of Faith

Approved rendering: oběť a služba víry
Transliteration: thysia kai leitourgia tēs pisteōs
Doctrine: Partnership in the Gospel
Original: θυσία καὶ λειτουργία τῆς πίστεως
Category: Partnership

λειτουργία’s narrow modern sense (fixed liturgical order of worship) risks under-communicating costly active service; distinguish explicitly from ‘liturgy’ as a worship-order term.

Poured Out Libation

Approved rendering: vylévám se jako oběť
Transliteration: spendomai
Doctrine: Partnership in the Gospel
Original: σπένδομαι
Category: Partnership

Ancient libation-sacrifice imagery is unfamiliar to a modern secular reader and needs brief explanation, though the general sacrificial sense is recoverable.

Giving And Receiving

Approved rendering: dávání a přijímání
Transliteration: dosis kai lēpsis
Doctrine: Partnership in the Gospel
Original: δόσις καὶ λῆψις
Category: Partnership

The commercial/bookkeeping flavor is intentional in the Greek and may be preserved, but should be explicitly tied to gospel partnership so it does not read as merely a business transaction.

Fragrant Offering

Approved rendering: vůně příjemná, oběť přijatelná, líbezná Bohu
Transliteration: osmē euōdias, thysia dektē, euarestos tō theō
Doctrine: Partnership in the Gospel
Original: ὀσμὴ εὐωδίας, θυσία δεκτή, εὐάρεστος τῷ θεῷ
Category: Partnership

Requires Old Testament sacrificial-cult background not assumed as prior knowledge for a general secular reader.

Press On Pursue

Approved rendering: usilovat / běžet za cílem
Transliteration: diōkō
Doctrine: Pressing on toward the Goal in Christ
Rejected alternatives: snažit se (flattens the athletic-race image to a generic ‘try’)
Original: διώκω
Category: Perseverance

The athletic-race image should be preserved via ‘běžet’ (to run) rather than a flat ‘snažit se’ (to try).

Prize Brabeion

Approved rendering: vítězná odměna
Transliteration: brabeion
Doctrine: Pressing on toward the Goal in Christ
Rejected alternatives: cena (ambiguous in Czech between ‘prize’ and ‘price/cost’)
Original: βραβεῖον
Category: Perseverance

Preserves the specifically athletic, victory-linked sense and avoids the price/cost ambiguity of plain ‘cena.‘

Day Of Christ

Approved rendering: den Kristův
Transliteration: hēmera Christou
Doctrine: Eschatological Hope and the Day of Christ
Original: ἡμέρα Χριστοῦ
Category: Eschatology

A general secular Czech reader has no default ‘day of the Lord’ concept; requires brief eschatological framing.

Word Of Life

Approved rendering: slovo života
Transliteration: logos zōēs
Doctrine: Gospel / Partnership in the Gospel
Original: λόγος ζωῆς
Category: Salvation

Connects to baseline ‘evangelium’; needs the same active-definition treatment as ‘gospel’ itself, not assumed to carry inherited meaning.

Depart To Be With Christ

Approved rendering: odejít [a být s Kristem]
Transliteration: analysai
Doctrine: Joy in Suffering and Imprisonment
Original: ἀναλῦσαι
Category: Eschatology

The Greek’s nautical/military root image (loosing moorings) does not carry into Czech; render as plain departure-to-be-with-Christ language.

Riches Glory Fullness

Approved rendering: naplnění, bohatství, sláva
Transliteration: plērōma, ploutos, doxa
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: πλήρωμα, πλοῦτος, δόξα
Category: God

‘Bohatství’ (riches) also carries an ordinary secular sense of material wealth; brief note needed distinguishing God’s supply ‘according to his glorious riches’ from a prosperity-gospel-style promise of material wealth.

Low Risk Terms

Apostle

Approved rendering: apoštol
Transliteration: apostolos
Doctrine: Apostleship

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Reserved strictly for the technical office; Philippians 2:25 uses ἀπόστολος of Epaphroditus in a functional, non-technical sense and MUST use a different Czech word (‘vyslanec/posel’, see new term ‘messenger_functional’) to avoid conflating his role with Paul’s or the Twelve’s.

Thanksgiving

Approved rendering: díkůvzdání
Transliteration: eucharistia
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Appears in the prayer-and-anxiety passage (Phil 4:6) as one of three postures replacing worry, and at 1:3-5, 4:18.

Exhort

Approved rendering: povzbuzovat
Transliteration: parakaleō
Doctrine: Mutual Edification

Inherited from Romans package (unchanged). Root verb underlying the new noun term ‘encouragement’ (povzbuzení) at Philippians 2:1.

Christ

Approved rendering: Kristus
Transliteration: Christos
Doctrine: Christology
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology

New registry entry for this curriculum (not separately listed in the Romans baseline TM, which treated ‘Jesus Christ’ as a single proper-name unit). Standard, stable proper-name element throughout Philippians, distinct from the transliterated title ‘Mesiáš’ reserved for explicit Old Testament messianic-expectation contexts.

Grumbling Disputing

Approved rendering: mumlání a pochybování
Transliteration: goggysmos kai dialogismos
Doctrine: Unity and Humility in the Church
Original: γογγυσμὸς καὶ διαλογισμός
Category: Ethics

Transparent ethical vocabulary with no significant secular-drift risk.

Loss Zemia

Approved rendering: ztráta
Transliteration: zēmia
Doctrine: Righteousness by Faith versus the Law
Original: ζημία
Category: Salvation

Transparent commercial/legal term with no significant doctrinal risk.

Minister To My Need

Approved rendering: ten, kdo mi posloužil v mé nouzi
Transliteration: leitourgos tēs chreias mou
Doctrine: Partnership in the Gospel
Original: λειτουργὸς τῆς χρείας μου
Category: Partnership

Transparent service language with minimal doctrinal risk.

Risking His Life

Approved rendering: nasadil svůj život
Transliteration: paraboleusamenos tē psychē
Doctrine: Partnership in the Gospel
Original: παραβολευσάμενος τῇ ψυχῇ
Category: Partnership

Vivid but transparent idiom; low risk.

Goal Skopos

Approved rendering: cíl
Transliteration: skopos
Doctrine: Pressing on toward the Goal in Christ
Original: σκοπός
Category: Perseverance

Transparent, and reinforces the athletic-race metaphor.

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