Core Glossary
Core Glossary — Jude (Koine Greek → Czech)
How to Read This Glossary
- Status = “Reused (baseline)”: term already exists in the Romans
translation_memory.json. The Czech rendering, risk tier, and doctrinal framing are carried forward exactly, unchanged, per hard rule. Baseline notes are summarized, not re-litigated. - Status = “New (Jude)”: term does not exist in the Romans baseline and is proposed here for the first time, with a Czech rendering, risk tier, and grounded reason, ready for entry into an updated translation memory in a later pipeline step.
- Risk tiers (Critical/High/Medium/Low) and review routing follow the baseline’s own risk-tier definitions exactly (see baseline
doctrine_risk_registry.json). - Citations use Jude 1:x format (the book has only one chapter).
Reused Terms (Baseline Romans Translation Memory — Enforced Exactly)
| English Term | Czech Rendering | Risk | Jude Citations | Notes on Reuse in Jude |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lord | Pán | Critical | 1:4, 1:5, 1:9, 1:14, 1:17, 1:21, 1:25 | Occurs more densely per-verse in Jude than in most Romans passages; the “Ježíš je Pán”-style confession risk is compounded here because false teachers are described as actively denying this Lordship (1:4) — teach the denial and the confession together. |
| Jesus / Jesus Christ | Ježíš / Ježíš Kristus | Critical | 1:1, 1:4, 1:17, 1:21, 1:25 | No deviation; note the additional register risk from baseline’s “Ježíšmarjá” exclamation caution applies equally here. |
| God | Bůh | Critical | 1:1, 1:4, 1:21, 1:25 | No deviation. |
| Holy Spirit | Duch svatý | Critical | 1:19, 1:20 | No deviation; 1:19’s “not having the Spirit” is a rare NT statement of the Spirit’s absence in false teachers — worth flagging as a distinct pastoral use-case from Romans’ emphasis on the Spirit’s indwelling presence. |
| Father | Otec | Critical | 1:1 | No deviation. |
| Grace | milost | High | 1:4 | Jude 1:4 is a “grace abused as license” passage, structurally parallel to Romans 6:1/6:14–15’s grace-vs.-license contrast already flagged in baseline; reuse baseline’s exact forbidden-substitution guardrail here. |
| Faith | víra | High → Critical in Jude’s objective sense | 1:3, 1:20 | IMPORTANT DEVIATION IN USE, NOT RENDERING: Jude 1:3 and 1:20 use πίστις in the objective sense (“the faith,” a body of doctrine), not Romans’ dominant subjective sense (personal trust). The Czech word does not change, but the accompanying gloss must, every time — flag as Critical for this curriculum specifically. |
| Called | povolaný | Medium/High | 1:1 | No deviation; reinforces baseline’s calling doctrine. |
| Holy | svatý | High/Medium | 1:14 (“holy myriads”), 1:20 (“most holy faith,” superlative form) | Jude 1:20 uses a unique NT superlative (ἁγιωτάτῃ) — preserve the intensified force, not just “svatá.” |
| Saints | svatí | High | 1:3 | No deviation; reinforces baseline note about the Czech name-day-calendar association needing active correction. |
| Glory | sláva | High/Medium | 1:8 (plural, concrete “glorious ones”), 1:24, 1:25 | Flag 1:8’s unusual plural-concrete usage (referring to angelic beings) as distinct from the abstract sense used elsewhere; gloss separately. |
| Apostle | apoštol | Low | 1:17 | No deviation. |
| Prophet / Prophesy | prorok / prorokovat | Medium/Low | 1:14 | Applied to Enoch quoting non-canonical material as prophecy — flag the canon question as a new wrinkle baseline did not need to address. |
| Peace | pokoj | Medium | 1:2 | No deviation. |
| Power of God | moc Boží (for δύναμις θεοῦ pattern) | Medium | — (compare Jude 1:25’s κράτος, a related but distinct term — see New Terms below) | Flag potential Czech-vocabulary overlap between baseline’s δύναμις-based “moc Boží” and Jude 1:25’s κράτος-based “moc” — maintain distinction in any single document using both. |
| Israel (concept, not name) | Izrael / lid | Low (name) / High (implicit reference) | 1:5 (unnamed “the people”) | Jude 1:5 refers to Israel without the proper name; baseline’s Low-risk proper-name entry does not cover the unnamed reference risk — see New Terms below for the compounded risk. |
| Moses | Mojžíš | Low | 1:9 | Standard established form (per baseline system prompt’s proper-name list); no deviation. |
New Terms Proposed for This Curriculum (Not in Baseline)
| English Term | Czech Rendering | Greek Original / Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Jude Citations | Grounded Risk Reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Contend (for the faith) | usilovně bojovat (za víru) | ἐπαγωνίζεσθαι / epagōnizesthai | Critical | Contending for the Faith Once Delivered | 1:3 | Names the book’s central doctrine. Czech “bojovat” defaults to a generic secular-struggle sense (a political fight, a sports contest) with zero inherited theological weight; the athletic-combat force of the Greek and its distinction from mere private conviction must be taught explicitly on every occurrence. |
| The faith (body of doctrine) | víra (reuse rendering; new sense) | πίστις (objective sense) / pistis | Critical | Contending for the Faith Once Delivered | 1:3, 1:20 | Same Czech word as baseline’s subjective-trust “víra,” but here denotes a fixed, closed deposit of apostolic teaching. Without an explicit gloss distinguishing this sense, readers moving between Romans and Jude curricula will conflate “trusting Christ” with “the content of Christian doctrine,” collapsing a distinction Jude’s whole argument depends on. |
| Servant/slave (self-designation) | služebník | δοῦλος / doulos | High | (introductory self-designation; cf. Christian Identity in Christ) | 1:1 | Follows established Czech Bible-tradition softening of literal “slave” to “servant,” consistent with all major English versions and with the baseline’s instruction to follow Kralická/ČEP convention — but this softening must be flagged, since the total-ownership force of δοῦλος is lost if “služebník” registers only as a neutral household-staff/employee term to a secular reader. |
| Mercy | milosrdenství | ἔλεος / eleos | High | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering | 1:2, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23 | Must be kept lexically distinct from baseline’s milost (grace/χάρις). Czech Bible tradition supports this distinction (milost = χάρις, milosrdenství = ἔλεος), but a translator defaulting to “milost” for both will flatten Jude’s specific emphasis on compassionate rescue of those in danger, distinct from the initial gift of unmerited favor. |
| Savior | Spasitel | σωτήρ / sōtēr | Critical | Salvation (personal-agent form) | 1:25 | The personal-agent counterpart to baseline’s abstract spasení (Critical). Requires the identical narrative “from what, to what, by whom” scaffolding baseline mandates for the abstract noun; without it, the title risks the same archaic-literary flatness baseline diagnosed for “spasení” itself. |
| Eternal life | věčný život | ζωὴ αἰώνιος / zōē aiōnios | High | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering; Salvation | 1:21 | Paired explicitly with mercy (ἔλεος) as its goal; needs the same concrete narrative grounding as “spasení,” anchored here specifically to future hope rather than presented as an abstract afterlife concept. |
| Kept / keep (yourselves) | zachovat / zachovávat (se) | τηρέω / tēreō | High | Kept by God and Presented Blameless | 1:1, 1:21 | Czech “zachovávat” risks a dry, bureaucratic register (complying with regulations); the relational, love-saturated force of τηρέω, and its deliberate pairing with the divine-power pole in 1:24 (φυλάσσω), must be actively taught as two halves of one doctrine. |
| Guard / keep (God’s action) | chránit / zachovat (bez klopýtnutí) | φυλάσσω / phylassō | Critical | Kept by God and Presented Blameless | 1:24 | The doctrinal climax of the book. Distinct Greek verb from τηρέω (1:1, 1:21) but same doctrinal family; must be taught together with 1:21 as the divine-power pole answering the human-responsibility pole. Mandatory theologian review per baseline’s own escalation pattern for climactic doctrinal statements. |
| Blameless | bezúhonný | ἄμωμος / amōmos | High | Kept by God and Presented Blameless | 1:24 | Carries a sacrificial-animal background (LXX usage for unblemished offerings) with no ritual-sacrifice framework available to a secular Czech reader; needs a brief explanatory note, not a bare label. |
| Without stumbling | bez klopýtnutí | ἄπταιστος / aptaistos | Medium | Kept by God and Presented Blameless | 1:24 | Vivid, transparent image (secure footing); lower risk than the doctrine-anchor terms it accompanies, but should be taught in the same breath as “zachovat”/“chránit.” |
| Ungodly / ungodliness | bezbožný / bezbožnost | ἀσεβής / ἀσέβεια / asebēs, asebeia | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:4, 1:15, 1:16, 1:18 | Recognizable literary Czech but risks being read as a mild moral-cultural judgment (“irreligious”) rather than Jude’s comprehensive covenant-defiance sense; parallels baseline’s diagnosis of “hřích” needing active reinforcement against colloquial flattening. |
| Judgment | soud | κρίσις / krisis | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:6, 1:9, 1:15 | Ordinary Czech “soud” overwhelmingly means a courtroom/legal case (divorce, criminal trial) with no automatic religious referent; God’s eschatological judgment must be actively and repeatedly distinguished from a civil court case. |
| Angel(s) | anděl / andělé | ἄγγελος / angelos | Medium | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Angels) | 1:6, 1:9 | Secular Czech retains “anděl” mainly as a decorative/folkloric figure (Christmas ornaments, guardian-angel greeting cards); the doctrine of angels as real, morally accountable created beings under God’s authority, capable of rebellion and judgment, must be built up against this trivialized association. |
| Archangel | archanděl | ἀρχάγγελος / archangelos | Low | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Angels) | 1:9 | Recognizable compound, minimal competing secular sense; low pre-existing recognition of the specific rank/office. |
| Devil | ďábel | διάβολος / diabolos | Medium | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Angels); Judgment | 1:9 | Unlike most Jude/Romans vocabulary, this term has a live, if trivialized place in secular Czech idiom (folk expressions, horror/fantasy fiction, mild oaths) — the reverse problem of most terms in this glossary: a competing trivialized-folklore framework must be corrected against, not a blank slate filled. |
| Master (absolute sovereign) | Vládce | δεσπότης / despotēs | High | Lordship of Christ (extension) | 1:4 | Czech “vládce” is a live secular-political word (a country’s ruler); the absolute personal-ownership force of δεσπότης (master over a household/slave) requires explicit distinction from mere political rulership. |
| Deny | zapírat | ἀρνέομαι / arneomai | High | Lordship of Christ (extension); Judgment | 1:4 | Everyday Czech usage favors denying a mundane fact; must carry the weight of repudiating Christ’s lordship, not a trivial evasion. |
| Licentiousness | bezuzdnost | ἀσέλγεια / aselgeia | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:4 | Strong, low-frequency literary Czech word with almost no everyday competing sense (a translation strength) but also very low pre-existing recognition (a comprehension risk); must be explained, not merely used. |
| Sexual immorality | smilstvo | πορνεία / ἐκπορνεύω / porneia, ekporneuō | High | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Sodom) | 1:7 | Stable literary/theological Czech term but low everyday currency; the totalizing force of the Greek’s intensive ἐκ- prefix (total self-abandonment) needs explicit unpacking. |
| Strange/different flesh | jiné/cizí tělo | σαρκὸς ἑτέρας / sarkos heteras | High | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Sodom) | 1:7 | Genuinely disputed interpretive phrase (see semantic analysis); flagged for mandatory theologian review to ensure the Czech rendering preserves the judgment-warning force without over- or under-specifying the interpretation. |
| Hidden reefs / blemishes | skrytá úskalí | σπιλάδες / spilades | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:12 | Genuinely disputed Greek term (nautical “reefs” vs. moral “stains/blemishes”); nautical reading adopted here for consistency with wave imagery in 1:13 — flag for native speaker review and cross-document consistency. |
| Love feast(s) | hody lásky | ἀγάπαι / agapai | Medium | Christian Fellowship (extension) | 1:12 | Concrete plural noun for actual communal fellowship meals, distinct from the abstract noun “láska” (love); must not be conflated with generic love-language. |
| Dreamers (false visionaries) | snící / oddaní snům | ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι / enypniazomenoi | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:8 | Refers to false claims of ecstatic private revelation legitimizing misconduct, not literal sleep-dreams; needs brief contextual framing. |
| Reject lordship/authority | zavrhovat panství | κυριότητα ἀθετοῦσιν / kyriotēta athetousin | High | Lordship of Christ (extension) | 1:8 | ”Panství” reads as somewhat archaic/feudal in modern Czech; must be actively connected to Christ’s ongoing authority, not read as a historical-political curiosity. |
| Wavering / doubting ones | kolísající / pochybující | διακρινόμενοι / diakrinomenoi | High | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering | 1:22 | Core doctrine-anchor term; underlying Greek textual variant and pastoral weight (distinguishing this group from hardened false teachers) require mandatory theologian review. |
| Snatch (from the fire) | vytrhnout (z ohně) | ἁρπάζω / harpazō | Medium | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering | 1:23 | Forceful, urgent-rescue verb (same word group as the NT “rapture” language); must not be flattened into a calm, unhurried “help.” |
| Fear (reverent caution) | bázeň | φόβος / phobos | Medium | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering | 1:23 | Distinct from ordinary Czech “strach” (fear of danger/threat); denotes reverent caution against contamination by sin, not terror. |
| Majesty | velebnost | μεγαλωσύνη / megalōsynē | Low | Doxology and God’s Preserving Power | 1:25 | Elevated liturgical Czech term, low competing secular sense, low pre-existing recognition — brief gloss recommended on first use. |
| Dominion / power (doxological) | moc | κράτος / kratos | Medium | Doxology and God’s Preserving Power | 1:25 | Flag for consistency: Czech “moc” already serves baseline’s δύναμις-based “moc Boží” (Romans 1:16); κράτος is a related but distinct Greek term. Maintain contextual distinction where both appear together. |
| Authority | pravomoc / autorita | ἐξουσία / exousia | Medium | Doxology and God’s Preserving Power; Lordship of Christ | 1:25 | Standard rendering; low ambiguity risk beyond ensuring distinction from κράτος above where both occur in the same doxology. |
| Exceeding joy / exultation | plesání | ἀγαλλίασις / agalliasis | Low/Medium | Kept by God and Presented Blameless | 1:24 | Vivid, joyful Czech word for exuberant/leaping joy, distinct from ordinary “radost”; minimal competing secular sense but low pre-existing recognition — gloss as “great, leaping joy,” not mere contentment. |
| Grumblers / complainers | hašteřivci / nespokojenci | γογγυσταί, μεμψίμοιροι / goggystai, mempsimoiroi | Low | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:16 | Vivid, transparent terms; connects naturally to Israel’s wilderness complaints (1:5) if glossed together. |
| Mockers / scoffers | posměvači | ἐμπαῖκται / empaiktai | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:18 | Must be distinguished from ordinary Czech “vtipálek” (a person who jokes) to preserve the hostile, dismissive force toward sacred things. |
| Worldly / soulish | světský | ψυχικός / psychikos | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:19 | Ironic overlap: “světský” is also the ordinary Czech description of secular society generally — this Language Package’s own target demographic. Must be carefully scoped to Jude’s specific point (lacking the Spirit), not read as a blanket condemnation of secular Czech readers. |
| Causing divisions | působící roztržky | ἀποδιορίζοντες / apodiorizontes | Low | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:19 | Transparent rendering; low doctrinal ambiguity. |
| Build up (edify) | budovat se | ἐποικοδομέω / epoikodomeō | Low/Medium | Contending for the Faith (positive counterpart) | 1:20 | Architectural metaphor transfers well into Czech; pairs naturally with baseline’s “vzájemné budování” (Mutual Edification) doctrine from the Romans curriculum. |
| Shepherding themselves | pasoucí sami sebe | ποιμαίνοντες ἑαυτούς / poimainontes heautous | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | 1:12 | Ironic pastoral-leadership image; the shepherd metaphor’s church-leadership resonance needs a brief gloss for a reader with no prior exposure to biblical pastoral imagery. |
| Israel (implicit reference) | lid (+ explicit “Izrael” gloss) | ὁ λαός / ho laos | High | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel) | 1:5 | Unlike baseline’s Low-risk “Izrael” proper-name entry, this reference is unnamed in the Greek text itself; a reader with no Exodus background will not connect “the people” to Israel without an explicit in-text or footnoted gloss, defeating the force of the type. |
| Cain / Balaam / Korah | Kain / Balám / Kórach | Κάϊν / Βαλαάμ / Κόρε | Low (names) / High (background) | Old Testament Warnings as Types | 1:11 | Established Czech OT proper-name forms, but each carries a High background-knowledge risk: without a brief narrative gloss (Genesis 4; Numbers 22–24; Numbers 16), these names communicate nothing to a reader with the low baseline biblical literacy this Language Package assumes throughout. |
| Sodom and Gomorrah | Sodoma a Gomora | Σόδομα καὶ Γόμορρα | Medium | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Sodom) | 1:7 | Recognizable even to secular readers, but the derived clinical/legal term “sodomie” survives in modern Czech detached from the narrative; care needed so the doctrinal point (certain judgment on persistent, defiant sin) is not reduced to a clinical-legal echo. |
| Enoch | Henoch | Ἑνώχ / Henōch | Low (name) / High (doctrine) | Fulfillment of Prophecy (extension); Inspiration of Scripture | 1:14 | Established Czech OT form is “Henoch,” NOT a direct transliteration of “Enoch” — enforce this spelling for consistency with Czech Bible tradition. Doctrinally High risk: Jude’s citation of non-canonical material (1 Enoch) as fulfilled prophecy raises a canon-of-Scripture question a reader with no prior exposure will need briefly addressed; flag for theologian review. |
| Eternal / everlasting | věčný (ordinary) / věčný (intensified, for ἀΐδιος) | αἰώνιος / ἀΐδιος / aiōnios / aidios | Medium | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Angels); Judgment | 1:6 (ἀΐδιος, rarer/more emphatic), 1:7, 1:13, 1:21, 1:25 (αἰώνιος, standard) | Two distinct Greek words are both rendered “věčný” in Czech; note the intensified force of ἀΐδιος (used only here and Romans 1:20 in the NT) is not separately marked in Czech and should be flagged in teaching notes where precision matters. |
| Rebellion / dispute | vzpoura / spor | ἀντιλογία, διακρίνομαι διαλέγομαι / antilogia, diakrinomai dialegomai | Low/Medium | Old Testament Warnings as Types | 1:9, 1:11 | Transparent renderings; low doctrinal ambiguity beyond general narrative-background gaps already flagged for the surrounding proper names. |
Cross-Curriculum Consistency Notes (Jude ↔ Romans)
- Milost (grace) vs. milosrdenství (mercy) must never be interchanged across the two curricula. Romans’ “grace” passages (3:24, 5:2, 5:15–17, 11:5–6) use milost; Jude’s “mercy” passages (1:2, 1:21–23) use milosrdenství. Any lesson referencing both curricula in the same unit must make this distinction explicit.
- Víra (faith) carries two distinct senses across the two curricula: the dominant Romans sense is subjective trust in Christ; Jude 1:3 and 1:20 use the objective sense, “the [body of] faith.” Both use the identical Czech word; only the accompanying gloss differs. This must be flagged consistently, not resolved by inventing a second Czech word, to preserve translation-memory consistency.
- Moc (power) now serves two related but distinct Greek originals: Romans 1:16’s δύναμις θεοῦ (“moc Boží”) and Jude 1:25’s κράτος (doxological “moc”). Maintain contextual notes distinguishing them wherever a single document might reference both passages.
- Pán (Lord) and Duch svatý (Holy Spirit) and all Critical-tier Christological/Trinitarian terms carry their baseline risk tier and forbidden-substitution guardrails forward into Jude without modification.
- Kept/guard doctrine family (τηρέω / φυλάσσω, Jude 1:1, 1:21, 1:24) is new to this curriculum and has no baseline Romans counterpart; it should be established here as the canonical Czech rendering set (zachovat/zachovávat for τηρέω, chránit for φυλάσσω) for any future curriculum touching related “preservation of the saints” material (e.g., 1 Peter, John 10).
Critical Risk Terms
Lord
Approved rendering: Pán
Transliteration: kyrios
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: pán s malým ‘p’ ve smyslu běžného zdvořilostního oslovení (‘pane’)
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, enforced exactly. Jude-specific addendum: occurs more densely per-verse in Jude (1:4, 1:5, 1:9, 1:14, 1:17, 1:21, 1:25) than in most Romans passages, and false teachers are explicitly described as denying this Lordship (1:4) from inside the church — teach the denial (Jude 1:4, 1:8) and the confession (implied throughout) together, not the confession alone. In Jude 1:25 the term functions doxologically (praise) rather than confessionally (as in Romans 10:9); note this distinct rhetorical function in teaching material.
Jesus
Approved rendering: Ježíš
Transliteration: Iēsous / Yeshua
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς / יֵשׁוּעַ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, enforced exactly (Jude 1:1, 1:4, 1:17, 1:21, 1:25). The ‘Ježíšmarjá’ casual-exclamation register caution from the baseline applies equally to Jude’s teaching material.
God
Approved rendering: Bůh
Transliteration: theos
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, enforced exactly (Jude 1:1, 1:4, 1:21, 1:25).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Duch svatý
Transliteration: pneuma hagion
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, enforced exactly. Jude 1:19’s description of false teachers as ‘not having the Spirit’ is a rare NT statement of the Spirit’s absence — a distinct pastoral use-case from Romans’ emphasis on indwelling presence; flag as such wherever 1:19 or 1:20 (praying ‘in the Holy Spirit’) is taught.
Father
Approved rendering: Otec
Transliteration: patēr
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, enforced exactly (Jude 1:1).
Salvation
Approved rendering: spasení
Transliteration: sōtēria
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: spasení chápané pouze jako archaický, literární výraz z Bible kralické bez skutečného obsahu pro čtenáře
Inherited from Romans package, enforced exactly. Jude 1:23 uses the verb form (‘save,’ zachraňovat/spasit) for urgent rescue of the wavering; Jude 1:3 combines it with ‘společné’ (common/shared) — see ‘common_salvation’ entry. Must always carry the baseline’s mandatory narrative gloss (from what, to what, by whom); Jude’s context supplies ‘from what’ with unusual vividness (fire, 1:23).
The Faith Deposit Of Doctrine
Approved rendering: víra
Transliteration: pistis (objective sense)
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Rejected alternatives: nauka (would break translation-memory consistency with baseline ‘víra’), coining a second distinct Czech word for the objective sense
Original: πίστις (objective sense)
Category: Faith
NEW SENSE of the baseline’s Czech word ‘víra’ — not a new word. Jude 1:3, 1:20. A secular Czech reader accustomed to ‘víra’ as generic believing/self-confidence or personal trust will not automatically infer ‘a fixed, closed set of received apostolic teaching’ without explicit scaffolding every time this sense is active. The letter’s entire polemic depends on this being a deposit that cannot be added to or subtracted from by false teachers. Do not resolve the ambiguity by inventing a second Czech word; resolve it with a mandatory accompanying gloss.
Contend For The Faith
Approved rendering: usilovně bojovat (za víru)
Transliteration: epagōnizesthai
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Rejected alternatives: bojovat (bare verb, without ‘usilovně,’ loses the intensive epi- prefix), hájit víru (to defend the faith — too passive, loses the athletic-combat image)
Original: ἐπαγωνίζεσθαι
Category: Faith
Jude 1:3. Names the book’s central doctrine. Czech ‘bojovat’ defaults to a generic secular-struggle sense (a political fight, a sports contest, a personal cause) with zero inherited theological weight; the athletic-combat force of the Greek, and its distinction from mere private conviction or polite disagreement, must be taught explicitly on every occurrence. ADDITIONAL CZECH-SPECIFIC RISK: ‘bojovat za víru’ also risks activating the Hussite/Czech-Reformation national narrative (Jan Hus contending against institutional corruption) — a partially incompatible cultural framework, since Hus’s contention was chiefly institutional/ethical reform, not defense of a fixed doctrinal deposit against false teaching. Must always be accompanied by explicit doctrinal-content framing distinguishing it from both culture-war combativeness and Hussite institutional protest.
Savior
Approved rendering: Spasitel
Transliteration: sōtēr
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Rejected alternatives: zachránce (generic ‘rescuer’ — loses the specific theological weight already invested in ‘spasení’)
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Salvation
Jude 1:25. The personal-agent counterpart to baseline’s abstract, Critical-risk ‘spasení.’ Requires the identical narrative ‘from what, to what, by whom’ scaffolding baseline mandates for the abstract noun; without it, this title risks the same archaic-literary flatness baseline diagnosed for ‘spasení’ itself, now anchored in a person rather than a state.
Guard Phylasso
Approved rendering: chránit / zachovat (bez klopýtnutí)
Transliteration: phylassō
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: φυλάσσω
Category: Sanctification
Jude 1:24. This is the doctrinal climax of the entire epistle. Distinct Greek verb from tēreō (1:1, 1:21) but part of the same doctrinal family; must be taught together with 1:21 as the two poles (human responsibility / divine power) of one doctrine. Mandatory theologian review on every occurrence.
Common Salvation
Approved rendering: společné spasení
Transliteration: koinēs hymōn sōtērias
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Original: κοινῆς … σωτηρίας
Category: Salvation
Jude 1:3. Compound term built on the inherited Critical-risk ‘spasení,’ which already risks registering as an archaic literary word with no live conceptual content; the added corporate dimension (‘společné,’ shared/common) must also be actively taught, since a reader building the salvation concept from scratch will not automatically supply a corporate sense either.
High Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: milost
Transliteration: charis
Doctrine: Grace
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, enforced exactly. Jude 1:4 is a ‘grace abused as license’ passage, structurally parallel to Romans 6:1/6:14-15’s grace-vs-license contrast; apply the identical forbidden-substitution guardrail. MUST be kept lexically distinct from this package’s new term ‘milosrdenství’ (mercy/eleos) — the two must never be interchanged; see ‘mercy’ entry below.
Faith
Approved rendering: víra
Transliteration: pistis
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: víra v obecném slova smyslu (např. ‘víra v sebe sama’, víra ve výsledek)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, enforced exactly, in its SUBJECTIVE sense (personal trust in Christ). This is NOT the primary sense active in Jude 1:3 and 1:20 — see the separate ‘the_faith_deposit_of_doctrine’ entry below for the OBJECTIVE sense Jude requires there, which uses the identical Czech word but a distinct mandatory gloss.
Holy
Approved rendering: svatý
Transliteration: hagios
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package, enforced exactly. Jude 1:14 (‘holy myriads’) and 1:20 use a unique NT superlative (hagiōtatē, ‘most holy faith’) — render as ‘nejsvětější,’ not a flattened plain ‘svatá,’ to preserve the intensified rhetorical force against the false teachers’ corrupted teaching.
Saints
Approved rendering: svatí
Transliteration: hagioi
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: svatí výhradně jako historické, kanonizované osobnosti vzdálené od běžného čtenáře
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, enforced exactly (Jude 1:3). Reinforces baseline’s note that the Czech calendar’s name-day association will not supply the corporate ‘every believer’ sense unaided; active correction required.
Glory
Approved rendering: sláva
Transliteration: doxa
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: sláva ve smyslu světské slávy či úspěchu
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, enforced exactly. Flag Jude 1:8’s unusual plural-concrete usage (‘blaspheming glorious ones,’ likely angelic beings) as distinct from the abstract sense used at 1:24-1:25; gloss the two uses separately so a reader does not conflate ‘God’s glory’ with ‘glorious beings.‘
Servant Slave
Approved rendering: služebník
Transliteration: doulos
Doctrine: Christian Servanthood and Identity
Rejected alternatives: otrok (literal ‘slave’ — technically accurate but breaks with universal Czech Bible-tradition convention, which follows all major English versions in softening this term)
Original: δοῦλος
Category: Church
Jude 1:1. Follows established Czech Bible-tradition softening of literal ‘otrok’ to ‘služebník,’ consistent with BKR, ČEP, and B21 alike, and with the baseline’s own instruction to follow Kralická/ČEP convention. Must be flagged with a translator note every time: the underlying image is total ownership and belonging to Christ, not a paid household-staff/employee relationship, since Czech ‘služebník’ alone could otherwise register as a fairly neutral employee term to a secular reader with no rival religious framework to correct against.
Mercy
Approved rendering: milosrdenství
Transliteration: eleos
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Rejected alternatives: milost (would collapse eleos into charis, flattening Jude’s distinct emphasis on compassionate rescue of those presently in danger versus the initial gracious gift already received)
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Salvation
Jude 1:2, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23. THE SINGLE MOST IMPORTANT NEW LEXICAL FENCE this curriculum introduces relative to the Romans baseline: must never be interchanged with ‘milost’ (grace/charis). Czech Bible tradition supports this distinction (milost = charis, milosrdenství = eleos). Secondary risk: ‘milosrdenství’ also carries a historic institutional-charity association in Czech culture (e.g. ‘Milosrdní bratři,’ the Brothers of Mercy hospital order) that may lead readers to hear it as generic humanitarian charity rather than God’s personal compassion toward a wavering individual believer — gloss toward the personal-rescue sense explicitly.
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: věčný život
Transliteration: zōē aiōnios
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Rejected alternatives: život po smrti (afterlife — too vague, loses the relational/eschatological hope dimension)
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Salvation
Jude 1:21. Paired explicitly with mercy (eleos) as its goal, not presented as a free-floating afterlife abstraction. Needs the same concrete narrative grounding baseline requires for ‘spasení,’ anchored here specifically to future hope received through mercy at Christ’s return.
Kept Tereo
Approved rendering: zachovat / zachovávat (se)
Transliteration: tēreō
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Rejected alternatives: zachovávat předpisy-style bureaucratic register left unqualified
Original: τηρέω
Category: Sanctification
Jude 1:1, 1:21. Czech ‘zachovávat’ risks a dry, bureaucratic-compliance register (e.g. ‘zachovávat předpisy,’ to comply with regulations); the relational, love-saturated force of tēreō must be actively taught, and its deliberate pairing with the divine-power pole in 1:24 (phylassō, a distinct verb) must be explained together as two halves of one doctrine, never as two unrelated ideas.
Blameless
Approved rendering: bezúhonný
Transliteration: amōmos
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Rejected alternatives: bez trestního rejstříku-adjacent framing left unaddressed
Original: ἄμωμος
Category: Sanctification
Jude 1:24. Carries an LXX sacrificial-animal background with no ritual-sacrifice framework available to a secular Czech reader; needs a brief explanatory note connecting the image to Christ’s finished work, not a bare label. NEWLY IDENTIFIED FORBIDDEN-SUBSTITUTION RISK not present in the Romans baseline: ‘bezúhonný’ is also the live Czech legal-administrative term for a clean criminal record (‘bezúhonnost,’ a certificate required for many jobs/licenses). Must be explicitly rescued from this ‘clean record’ reading toward the sacrificial-purity, presented-before-God sense every time.
Ungodly
Approved rendering: bezbožný / bezbožnost
Transliteration: asebēs / asebeia
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: nenáboženský (‘non-religious’ — far too weak, invites exactly the colloquial flattening this term must resist)
Original: ἀσεβής / ἀσέβεια
Category: Sin
Jude 1:4, 1:15, 1:16, 1:18. Recognizable literary Czech but risks being read as a mild moral-cultural judgment (‘irreligious,’ ‘not into church’) rather than Jude’s comprehensive covenant-defiance sense; parallels baseline’s diagnosis of ‘hřích’ needing active reinforcement against colloquial flattening. Gloss with concrete behavioral content (denying the Master, perverting grace, blaspheming), not an abstract label.
Judgment
Approved rendering: soud
Transliteration: krisis
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: κρίσις
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:6, 1:9, 1:15. Ordinary Czech ‘soud’ overwhelmingly means a civil/criminal courtroom proceeding with no automatic religious referent, exactly the pattern baseline documents throughout. CZECH-SPECIFIC ADDITIONAL RISK: denunciation/judgment language directed at ‘false teachers’ also risks a totalitarian-era echo (show trials, ideological purges) unique to Czech twentieth-century historical memory. Frame explicitly as God’s own eschatological prerogative, never human denunciation, at every occurrence.
Master Despotes
Approved rendering: Vládce
Transliteration: despotēs
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: despota (carries strongly negative modern Czech connotations of an abusive tyrant, the opposite of the reverent-submission sense intended)
Original: δεσπότης
Category: Christology
Jude 1:4. Czech ‘vládce’ is a live secular-political word (a country’s ruler, a monarch); the absolute personal-ownership force of despotēs, closer to a master’s ownership of a slave/household than a ruler’s governance of a territory, requires explicit distinction from mere political rulership. Must be preserved as a title distinct from ‘Pán’ (kyrios) in the same verse — the double confession is the verse’s doctrinal center and must never be compressed into one term.
Deny
Approved rendering: zapírat
Transliteration: arneomai
Doctrine: Apostasy and Denial of Christ by False Teachers
Original: ἀρνέομαι
Category: Christology
Jude 1:4. Everyday Czech usage favors denying a mundane fact (denying you ate the last piece of cake); must carry the weight of repudiating Christ’s lordship from within the community — the same verb used of Peter’s denial of Christ.
Licentiousness
Approved rendering: bezuzdnost
Transliteration: aselgeia
Doctrine: Grace Perverted into License
Original: ἀσέλγεια
Category: Sin
Jude 1:4. Strong, low-frequency literary Czech word with almost no everyday competing sense (a translation strength) but also very low pre-existing recognition (a comprehension risk); must be explained, not merely used as if self-evident.
Sexual Immorality
Approved rendering: smilstvo
Transliteration: porneia / ekporneuō
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: πορνεία / ἐκπορνεύω
Category: Sin
Jude 1:7. Stable literary/theological Czech term but low everyday currency; the totalizing force of the Greek’s intensive ek- prefix (total self-abandonment) needs explicit unpacking so the reader grasps complete self-abandonment, not an isolated act.
Strange Flesh
Approved rendering: jiné/cizí tělo
Transliteration: sarkos heteras
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Rejected alternatives: any single-interpretation narrowing (e.g. exclusively same-sex-conduct or exclusively human-angelic-union readings) beyond what the Greek itself supports
Original: σαρκὸς ἑτέρας
Category: Sin
Jude 1:7. Genuinely disputed phrase; flagged for MANDATORY theologian review. The Czech rendering must preserve Jude’s judgment-warning force without over-specifying a single interpretation beyond what the Greek supports, nor softening the seriousness of the sin in view. Follow ČEP/B21’s non-resolving literal rendering; do not adopt paraphrase-style interpretive narrowing.
Hidden Reefs
Approved rendering: skrytá úskalí
Transliteration: spilades
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: skvrny/poskvrny (the alternative ‘moral blemish/stain’ reading, rejected for consistency with the wave/storm imagery of 1:13)
Original: σπιλάδες
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:12. Genuinely disputed Greek term (nautical ‘reefs’ vs. moral ‘stains’); nautical reading adopted for cohesion with 1:13’s wave imagery. Flag for native speaker review and enforce this reading consistently across all documents per cross-document consistency rules.
Reject Lordship
Approved rendering: zavrhovat panství
Transliteration: kyriotēta athetousin
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: κυριότητα ἀθετοῦσιν
Category: Christology
Jude 1:8. ‘Panství’ reads as somewhat archaic/feudal in modern Czech; must be actively connected to Christ’s ongoing present authority, not read as a historical-political curiosity detached from doctrine.
Wavering Doubting
Approved rendering: kolísající / pochybující
Transliteration: diakrinomenoi
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Original: διακρινόμενοι
Category: Salvation
Jude 1:22. Core doctrine-anchor term. The underlying Greek textual variant (a two-group vs. three-group reading of 1:22-23) and the pastoral weight of correctly distinguishing this group from the hardened false teachers proper (1:4-19) require mandatory theologian review, so mercy rather than judgment-language is correctly applied. This curriculum follows ČEP’s two-group critical-text structure as anchor.
Israel Unnamed Reference
Approved rendering: lid (+ explicitní odkaz na Izrael)
Transliteration: ho laos
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Rejected alternatives: lid ponechaný bez výslovného odkazu na Izrael (would leave the type unanchored for a reader with no Exodus background)
Original: ὁ λαός
Category: Covenant
Jude 1:5. Unlike the ‘israel’ proper-name entry above, this reference is UNNAMED in the Greek text itself. A reader with no Exodus background will not connect ‘the people’ to Israel without an explicit in-text or footnoted gloss, defeating the force of the first Old Testament type and the escalating Israel/angels/Sodom parallel structure of 1:5-7.
Ot Types Cain Balaam Korah
Approved rendering: Kain / Balám / Kórach
Transliteration: Kain / Balaam / Kore
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: Κάϊν / Βαλαάμ / Κόρε
Category: Old Testament Types
Jude 1:11. Established Czech Old Testament proper-name forms carry Low risk as names, but each carries HIGH background-knowledge risk: without a brief narrative gloss (Genesis 4; Numbers 22-24; Numbers 16), these names communicate nothing to a reader with the low baseline biblical literacy this Language Package assumes throughout.
Enoch
Approved rendering: Henoch
Transliteration: Henōch
Doctrine: Inspiration and Authority of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: Enoch (direct transliteration of the English spelling — inconsistent with established Czech Bible tradition, both Kralická and ČEP)
Original: Ἑνώχ
Category: Covenant
Jude 1:14. Established Czech Bible form is ‘Henoch’ — enforce this spelling for consistency; never use an English-influenced ‘Enoch’ respelling. Doctrinally High risk: Jude’s citation of non-canonical material (1 Enoch) as fulfilled prophecy raises a canon-of-Scripture question a reader with no prior exposure to the canon debate will need briefly addressed in teaching notes (not the Bible text itself); flagged for theologian review.
Eternal Fire Punishment
Approved rendering: trest věčného ohně
Transliteration: pyros aiōniou dikēn
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: πυρὸς αἰωνίου δίκην
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:7. Low competing secular sense but must be taught with the same ‘from what, to what, by whom’ narrative scaffolding baseline prescribes for ‘spasení,’ since eternal judgment and eternal salvation are correlative concepts for a reader with no prior framework for either.
Grace Perverted As License
Approved rendering: obracet Boží milost v bezuzdnost
Transliteration: tēn tou Theou hēmōn charin metatithentes eis aselgeian
Doctrine: Grace Perverted into License
Original: τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡμῶν χάριν μετατιθέντες εἰς ἀσέλγειαν
Category: Salvation
Jude 1:4. Combines the inherited High-risk ‘milost’ with the new High-risk ‘bezuzdnost’ in a single dense clause, doubling the comprehension burden in one breath. Structurally parallel to Romans 6:1/6:14-15’s grace-vs-license contrast; apply the identical forbidden-substitution guardrail requiring the grace/license contrast to remain intact, never collapsing into milost’s ordinary judicial-clemency sense.
Medium Risk Terms
Called
Approved rendering: povolaný
Transliteration: klētos
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, enforced exactly (Jude 1:1). Jude’s opening line surfaces the baseline’s dominant secular-vocational risk (‘povolání’ = job/profession) immediately, before any other doctrinal content has been taught.
Prophet Prophecy
Approved rendering: prorok / proroctví / prorokovat
Transliteration: prophētēs / prophēteia / prophēteuō
Doctrine: Inspiration and Authority of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: prorok ve smyslu věštce nebo jasnovidce, proroctví jako věštba nebo předpověď budoucnosti
Original: προφήτης / προφητεία / προφητεύω
Category: Covenant
Rendering inherited from Romans package exactly; risk tier raised from baseline for this curriculum because Jude 1:14 applies the term to Enoch quoting non-canonical material (1 Enoch) as fulfilled prophecy, raising a canon-of-Scripture question baseline’s Romans usage did not need to address.
Peace
Approved rendering: pokoj
Transliteration: eirēnē
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: pokoj ve smyslu pouhého klidu či nepřítomnosti hluku
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, enforced exactly (Jude 1:2). Jude’s opening blessing triad (‘mercy, peace, and love,’ 1:2) deliberately differs from the more common Pauline ‘grace and peace’ opening — worth flagging for readers moving between this curriculum and Romans.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: moc Boží
Transliteration: dynamis theou
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, enforced exactly for the dynamis-pattern. Not directly quoted in Jude, but MUST be kept distinct from Jude 1:25’s separate Greek term ‘kratos’ (also rendered ‘moc’ in Czech) — see ‘dominion_kratos’ entry. Flag potential overlap wherever both concepts appear in the same lesson.
Israel
Approved rendering: Izrael
Transliteration: Yisra’el
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: יִשְׂרָאֵל
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, enforced exactly for the proper name. NOT named directly in Jude 1:5 (see ‘israel_unnamed_reference’ below for the compounded risk this creates); this entry governs any explicit use of the proper name in teaching material bridging that verse.
Without Stumbling
Approved rendering: bez klopýtnutí
Transliteration: aptaistos
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: ἄπταιστος
Category: Sanctification
Jude 1:24. Vivid, transparent image of secure footing; lower risk than the doctrine-anchor terms it accompanies, but should be taught in the same breath as ‘chránit,’ not treated as a separate idea.
Angels
Approved rendering: anděl / andělé
Transliteration: angelos
Doctrine: Angelic Rebellion and Judgment
Original: ἄγγελος
Category: Angelology
Jude 1:6, 1:9. Secular Czech retains ‘anděl’ mainly as a decorative/folkloric figure (Christmas ornaments, guardian-angel greeting cards); the doctrine of angels as real, morally accountable created beings under God’s authority, capable of rebellion and judgment, must be built up against this trivialized association rather than assumed.
Devil
Approved rendering: ďábel
Transliteration: diabolos
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Devil
Rejected alternatives: satan (viable transliteration alternative, but ‘ďábel’ better matches diabolos’s ‘slanderer/accuser’ sense as used in established Czech Bible tradition)
Original: διάβολος
Category: Angelology
Jude 1:9. UNIQUE REVERSED RISK in this Language Package: unlike almost every other term, ‘ďábel’ has a live, if trivialized, place in secular Czech idiom (folk expressions, horror/fantasy fiction, mild oaths such as ‘čert’) that must be actively corrected against, not a blank conceptual slate filled from nothing. Teach as a real, personal, defeated-but-still-active spiritual adversary.
Love Feasts
Approved rendering: hody lásky
Transliteration: agapai
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship and Love Feasts
Original: ἀγάπαι
Category: Church
Jude 1:12. Concrete plural noun for actual communal fellowship meals, distinct from the abstract noun ‘láska’ (love); must not be conflated with generic love-language, or the point that false teachers were exploiting a real communal practice is lost.
Dreamers
Approved rendering: snící / oddaní snům
Transliteration: enypniazomenoi
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἐνυπνιαζόμενοι
Category: False Teaching
Jude 1:8. Refers to false claims of ecstatic private revelation legitimizing misconduct, not literal sleep-dreams; needs brief contextual framing.
Snatch From Fire
Approved rendering: vytrhnout (z ohně)
Transliteration: harpazō
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Rejected alternatives: pomoci (calm ‘help’ — flattens the forceful urgency of the Greek)
Original: ἁρπάζω
Category: Salvation
Jude 1:23. Same verb group as the NT ‘rapture’ language (1 Thessalonians 4:17); must not be flattened into a calm, unhurried ‘help’ — this is emergency rescue from imminent danger.
Reverent Fear
Approved rendering: bázeň
Transliteration: phobos
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Rejected alternatives: strach (ordinary fear of danger/threat — distinct from the reverent, moral-caution sense required here)
Original: φόβος
Category: Sanctification
Jude 1:23. Denotes reverent caution against contamination by sin, not terror; preserves the pastoral balance between urgent rescue and holy seriousness.
Dominion Kratos
Approved rendering: moc
Transliteration: kratos
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Original: κράτος
Category: Doxology
Jude 1:25. Flag for consistency: Czech ‘moc’ already serves the inherited dynamis-based ‘moc Boží’ (Romans 1:16 pattern); kratos is a related but distinct Greek term now sharing the same Czech word. Maintain a contextual distinguishing note wherever both concepts appear in the same lesson.
Authority Exousia
Approved rendering: pravomoc / autorita
Transliteration: exousia
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: Doxology
Jude 1:25. Standard rendering; low ambiguity risk beyond ensuring distinction from kratos (‘moc’) where both occur together in the same doxological formula.
Exceeding Joy
Approved rendering: plesání
Transliteration: agalliasis
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Rejected alternatives: radost (ordinary ‘joy’ — weaker than the exuberant, leaping sense of the Greek)
Original: ἀγαλλίασις
Category: Doxology
Jude 1:24. Vivid, joyful Czech word distinct from ordinary ‘radost’; minimal competing secular sense but low pre-existing recognition — gloss as ‘great, leaping joy,’ not mere contentment.
Mockers
Approved rendering: posměvači
Transliteration: empaiktai
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: vtipálek (a person who jokes — too mild, loses the hostile, dismissive force toward sacred things)
Original: ἐμπαῖκται
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:18. Same verb group used of the mockery of Christ at his crucifixion; must be distinguished from ordinary Czech ‘vtipálek.‘
Worldly Soulish
Approved rendering: světský
Transliteration: psychikos
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ψυχικός
Category: False Teaching
Jude 1:19. Ironic overlap: ‘světský’ is also the ordinary Czech word describing secular society generally — this Language Package’s own target demographic. Must be carefully scoped to Jude’s specific accusation (false teachers lacking the Spirit), never read as a blanket condemnation of the secular Czech reader this curriculum serves.
Build Up
Approved rendering: budovat se
Transliteration: epoikodomeō
Doctrine: Mutual Edification in the Faith
Original: ἐποικοδομέω
Category: Faith
Jude 1:20. Architectural metaphor transfers well into Czech; pairs naturally with the Romans baseline’s existing ‘Mutual Edification’ doctrine, but note the accompanying superlative ‘nejsvětější víra’ this verse pairs it with, which must not be flattened.
Shepherding Themselves
Approved rendering: pasoucí sami sebe
Transliteration: poimainontes heautous
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ποιμαίνοντες ἑαυτούς
Category: False Teaching
Jude 1:12. Ironic inversion of the shepherd metaphor for church leadership; needs a brief gloss for a reader with no prior exposure to biblical pastoral imagery, or the irony of self-serving ‘shepherds’ will not register.
Sodom And Gomorrah
Approved rendering: Sodoma a Gomora
Transliteration: Sodoma kai Gomorra
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: Σόδομα καὶ Γόμορρα
Category: Old Testament Types
Jude 1:7. Recognizable even to secular Czech readers, but the modern derived clinical/legal term ‘sodomie’ survives detached from the narrative; must always be re-anchored explicitly to the Genesis 19 judgment narrative, not left to stand on name-recognition alone.
Eternal Aidios Aionios
Approved rendering: věčný
Transliteration: aidios / aiōnios
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom)
Original: ἀΐδιος / αἰώνιος
Category: Judgment
Two distinct Greek words (aidios, 1:6 — rarer, more emphatic, used only here and Romans 1:20 in the NT; aiōnios, 1:7/1:13/1:21/1:25 — the standard NT word) are both rendered with the identical Czech ‘věčný,’ collapsing a distinction the Greek text makes. Flag the intensified underlying term specifically at 1:6 in teaching notes, since the Czech surface form gives no signal of the distinction.
Chains Under Darkness
Approved rendering: věčné okovy v temnotě
Transliteration: desmois aidiois hypo zophon
Doctrine: Angelic Rebellion and Judgment
Original: δεσμοῖς ἀϊδίοις ὑπὸ ζόφον
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:6. Low competing secular sense, but must be taught as describing a real, present state of angelic imprisonment awaiting final judgment, not merely a poetic metaphor.
Crept In Unnoticed
Approved rendering: vetřeli se (mezi vás)
Transliteration: pareisedysan
Doctrine: Apostasy and Denial of Christ by False Teachers
Original: παρεισέδυσαν
Category: False Teaching
Jude 1:4. Vivid, understandable Czech verb with low competing secular sense; the ‘from within the church, not an external attack’ point must be made explicit, since it heightens the letter’s urgency.
Convict
Approved rendering: usvědčit
Transliteration: elegchō
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἐλέγχω
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:15. Czech legal-forensic vocabulary transfers reasonably well but should be distinguished from a merely persuasive ‘convince,’ retaining the forensic weight of the judgment doctrine it accompanies.
Low Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: apoštol
Transliteration: apostolos
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, enforced exactly (Jude 1:17).
Archangel
Approved rendering: archanděl
Transliteration: archangelos
Doctrine: Angelic Rebellion and Judgment
Original: ἀρχάγγελος
Category: Angelology
Jude 1:9. Recognizable compound loanword, minimal competing secular sense; low pre-existing recognition of the specific rank/office warrants a brief note.
Majesty
Approved rendering: velebnost
Transliteration: megalōsynē
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Original: μεγαλωσύνη
Category: Doxology
Jude 1:25. Elevated liturgical Czech term, low competing secular sense, but also low pre-existing recognition — a brief gloss on first use is recommended.
Grumblers
Approved rendering: hašteřivci / nespokojenci
Transliteration: goggystai / mempsimoiroi
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: γογγυσταί / μεμψίμοιροι
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:16. Vivid, transparent Czech terms; connects naturally to Israel’s wilderness grumbling (1:5) if the two passages are glossed together in teaching material.
Causing Divisions
Approved rendering: působící roztržky
Transliteration: apodiorizontes
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἀποδιορίζοντες
Category: Church
Jude 1:19. Transparent rendering describing those who splinter the community along elitist-spiritual lines; low doctrinal ambiguity.
Moses
Approved rendering: Mojžíš
Transliteration: Mōusēs / Mosheh
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Devil
Original: Μωϋσῆς / מֹשֶ�ה
Category: Covenant
Jude 1:9. Established Czech Bible-tradition proper-name form, consistent with the baseline AI system prompt’s proper-name list. Low risk as a proper name; the dispute-over-the-body-of-Moses episode itself (drawing on the non-canonical Assumption of Moses) carries background-knowledge risk addressed under ‘devil’ and ‘archangel’ above, but the name form itself is stable.
Beloved
Approved rendering: milovaní
Transliteration: agapētoi
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Original: ἀγαπητοί
Category: Faith
Jude 1:3, 1:17, 1:20. Stable, warm Czech word; signals that the sharp warnings to follow are pastoral in intent, not merely polemical.
Referenced passages