Core Glossary
Core Glossary — Titus — Czech Language Package
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, covering Titus 1–3 in full. Terms marked REUSED carry the exact rendering recorded in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json and must not be altered. Terms marked NEW are proposed additions specific to this Titus curriculum, pending formal ingestion into translation memory in Phase 1 Step 2. Risk tiers follow the baseline’s four-tier framework (Critical / High / Medium / Low) and doctrine_risk_registry.json review-routing conventions (Human theologian / Native speaker / Automated).
Category: Salvation, Grace, and Justification
| English Term | Greek | Czech Rendering | Status | Risk | Review Routing | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grace | χάρις | milost | REUSED | High | Human theologian | Titus 2:11, 3:7, 1:4, 3:15. Must not collapse into judicial-clemency sense; Titus 2:11-14 is a strong teaching anchor (grace personified as active trainer). |
| Salvation / saved | σωτηρία / σῴζω | spasení / spasit | REUSED | Critical | Human theologian | Titus 3:5 (“he saved us”). Reinforce baseline mandate: always accompany with narrative gloss (from what/to what/by whom), using Titus 3:3-7’s before/after structure as the model teaching passage. |
| Savior | σωτήρ | Spasitel | NEW | Critical | Human theologian | Occurs 6x in Titus (1:3, 1:4, 2:10, 2:13, 3:4, 3:6), applied to both God the Father and Jesus Christ — a Trinitarian title pattern requiring explicit teaching. Register risk parallels “spasení” (archaic-literary flatness for a secular reader) rather than secular-drift; must be actively defined, not merely named. |
| Righteousness | δικαιοσύνη | spravedlnost | REUSED | Critical | Human theologian | Titus 3:5 (“not by works done in righteousness”). |
| Justification / justified | δικαίωσις / δικαιόω | ospravedlnění / ospravedlněni | REUSED | Critical | Human theologian | Titus 3:7 (“having been justified by his grace”). Direct verbal link to Romans 3-5; cross-reference mandatory. |
| Faith / believe | πίστις / πιστεύω | víra / uvěřit | REUSED | High | Human theologian | Titus 1:1, 1:4, 3:8, 3:15. Object of faith (God) must remain explicit per baseline rule. |
| Mercy | ἔλεος | milosrdenství | NEW | High | Human theologian | Titus 3:5. Distinct from milost (grace): emphasizes God’s compassion toward the helpless/miserable condition (Titus 3:3), not merely unmerited gift-status. Both terms co-occur in 3:5 and must not be collapsed into one. |
| Redeem / redemption | λυτρόω | vykoupit | NEW | Critical | Human theologian | Titus 2:14. CRITICAL language-specific collision: “vykoupit” is the ordinary Czech verb for redeeming a discount coupon/voucher in modern retail usage. Christ’s costly self-sacrifice must be actively taught against this commercial-transactional association. |
| Regeneration | παλιγγενεσία | znovuzrození | NEW | Critical | Human theologian | Titus 3:5. Named curriculum doctrine (“Regeneration by the Holy Spirit”). Inverse risk pattern to most baseline terms: this Czech phrase is too alive in secular self-help/rebranding discourse (personal reinvention, “rebirth of a brand”), risking substitution of a self-directed achievement narrative for God’s sovereign regenerating act. |
| Renewal | ἀνακαίνωσις | obnovení | NEW | High | Human theologian | Titus 3:5, paired doctrinally with παλιγγενεσία. Ordinary Czech “obnova/obnovení” dominantly means building/home renovation; must be actively distinguished from this construction-industry association. |
| Washing | λουτρόν | obmytí | NEW | Medium | Native speaker | Titus 3:5. “Koupel” (literal bath) risks a purely hygienic reading; “obmytí” preferred, paired with a baptismal-imagery gloss. |
| Heir / inheritance | κληρονόμος | dědic | NEW | High | Native speaker | Titus 3:7. Ordinary Czech legal-inheritance term; helpful concrete parallel but theological content (inheriting eternal life by grace) needs explicit unpacking, cross-referenced to baseline “adoption” entry (Medium risk). |
| Hope | ἐλπίς | naděje | NEW | High | Human theologian | Titus 1:2, 2:13, 3:7. Ordinary Czech “naděje” implies uncertain/probabilistic hope (sports, medical prognosis, lottery); Titus’s hope is certain, grounded in “the God who never lies” (1:2). Must actively distinguish from folk-secular probabilistic hoping and from the fatalistic “osud”/“štěstí” framing the baseline already flags for providence. |
| Eternal life | ζωὴ αἰώνιος | věčný život | NEW | Medium | Native speaker | Titus 1:2, 3:7. Distinguish from the romantic-idiom overuse of “věčný” (“věčná láska,” eternal/undying love) common in secular Czech speech. |
| Good works | ἔργα ἀγαθά / καλὰ ἔργα | dobré skutky | NEW | High | Human theologian | Titus 1:16, 2:7, 2:14, 3:1, 3:8, 3:14. Central recurring term for two named curriculum doctrines (“Sound Doctrine and Good Works,” “Salvation by Grace not Works”). Must always be taught within the grace-first, works-as-fruit sequence (2:14, 3:5, 3:8) to prevent a moralistic works-righteousness misreading; consistent rendering required across every occurrence. |
Category: Christology and the Trinity
| English Term | Greek | Czech Rendering | Status | Risk | Review Routing | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jesus Christ | Ἰησοῦς Χριστός | Ježíš Kristus | REUSED | Critical | Human theologian | Titus 1:1, 1:4, 2:13, 3:6. |
| God | θεός | Bůh | REUSED | Critical | Human theologian | Throughout; note σωτήρ applied to both “God” and “Jesus Christ” across the letter — Trinitarian pattern requiring explicit teaching. |
| God the Father | θεὸς πατήρ | Bůh Otec | REUSED | Critical | Human theologian | Titus 1:4. |
| Holy Spirit | πνεῦμα ἅγιον | Duch svatý | REUSED | Critical | Human theologian | Titus 3:5. Agent of regeneration and renewal. |
| Deity of Christ (Titus 2:13) | τοῦ μεγάλου θεοῦ καὶ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ | našeho velikého Boha a Spasitele, Ježíše Krista | REUSED doctrine / NEW phrase | Critical | Human theologian | Grammatically identifies Jesus Christ himself as “great God” (single article governing both nouns — Sharp’s rule). Mandatory translator note against splitting into two referents. Reuses baseline “božství Kristovo” doctrine entry exactly. |
| Confession/profession | ὁμολογέω | vyznávat | REUSED root | High | Human theologian | Titus 1:16 (“they profess to know God”). Same verb family as Romans 10:9’s Lordship confession; cross-reference explicitly — profession without works is warned against. |
Category: Church Leadership and Doctrine
| English Term | Greek | Czech Rendering | Status | Risk | Review Routing | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apostle | ἀπόστολος | apoštol | REUSED | Low | Automated | Titus 1:1. |
| Elect / election | ἐκλεκτῶν θεοῦ | vyvolení Boží | REUSED | High | Human theologian | Titus 1:1. Must not read as competitive selection. |
| Elder (church office) | πρεσβύτερος | starší | NEW | High | Human theologian | Titus 1:5. Named curriculum doctrine (“Qualifications for Elders”). Ordinary Czech “starší” (comparative “older”) risks being read as a mere age descriptor rather than an office/title; must be flagged distinctly from the unrelated πρεσβύτης/πρεσβύτις (“an older man/woman,” 2:2-3), which is NOT a title. |
| Overseer / bishop | ἐπίσκοπος | dozorce | NEW | Critical | Human theologian | Titus 1:7. AVOID “biskup”: in Czech religious culture “biskup” denotes a high multi-parish diocesan office (dominant Roman Catholic and, historically, Hussite/Protestant church-governance associations), anachronistically importing hierarchy into a term Titus equates with the single local “starší” (1:5//1:7). Mandatory translator note. |
| Sound doctrine | διδασκαλία ὑγιαίνουσα | zdravé učení | NEW | High | Human theologian | Titus 1:9, 1:13, 2:1, 2:2, 2:8, 2:10. Named curriculum doctrine (“Sound Doctrine and Good Works”). Ordinary Czech “zdravý” dominantly evokes physical/dietary wellness-culture (“zdravá výživa,” “zdravý životní styl”); the health/soundness metaphor must be anchored explicitly to doctrinal integrity, not lifestyle wellness. |
| Blameless / above reproach | ἀνέγκλητος | bezúhonný | NEW | Medium | Native speaker | Titus 1:6-7. Modern Czech “bezúhonnost” is a technical legal/administrative term (clean criminal record for job/license applications); risk of narrow legalistic reading rather than holistic character-blamelessness. |
| Devout / holy (ὅσιος) | ὅσιος | bohabojný | NEW | Medium-High | Native speaker | Titus 1:8. Must be kept visibly distinct from ἅγιος (svatý, REUSED baseline “holy”) and from ἁγνός (čistý, “pure”) — three related purity/holiness terms occurring within this short letter, all requiring separate, non-overlapping Czech renderings. |
| Pure / chaste | ἁγνός | čistý | NEW | Medium | Native speaker | Titus 2:5. See ὅσιος note above re: three-way distinction. |
| Conscience | συνείδησις | svědomí | NEW | High | Human theologian | Titus 1:15. Ordinary secular Czech usage treats “svědomí” as a fully self-referential ethical faculty independent of God (“mít čisté svědomí”); the verse’s claim that conscience can be defiled and needs purification before God must be actively taught against this purely secular reading. |
| Unfit / disqualified | ἀδόκιμος | neosvědčený / nezpůsobilý | NEW | Medium | Native speaker | Titus 1:16. Metallurgical-testing metaphor (failing inspection). |
| Divisive/factious person | αἱρετικὸς ἄνθρωπος | rozkolník / člověk působící roztržky | NEW | Critical | Human theologian | Titus 3:10. Named curriculum doctrine (“Avoiding Divisive Controversies”). AVOID the cognate “heretik,” which in Czech historical memory is inseparably tied to Jan Hus’s condemnation and execution as a heretic (1415) — importing inquisition-era doctrinal-persecution weight into a verse describing ordinary social avoidance of a quarrelsome person after due warning. Mandatory translator note. |
| Foolish controversies / quarrels about the law | μωραὶ ζητήσεις…μάχαι νομικαί | hloupé spory…spory o Zákon | NEW | Medium-High | Native speaker | Titus 3:9. νόμος (Zákon) REUSES baseline “law” term exactly. Note deliberate vocabulary echo with 3:8’s “prospěšné” (profitable) vs. 3:9’s “neprospěšné” (unprofitable) — preserve this contrast in Czech. |
| Admonition | νουθεσία | napomenutí | NEW | Medium | Native speaker | Titus 3:10. Keep register distinct from “povzbuzování” (encouragement, παρακαλέω) per baseline-consistent register handling established for Romans’ “exhort” entry. |
| Rebuke / correct | ἐλέγχω | kárat / usvědčovat | NEW | Medium | Native speaker | Titus 1:9, 1:13, 2:15. Distinct, firmer register than παρακαλέω (REUSED “povzbuzovat,” Low risk); establish consistently across all occurrences. |
Category: Submission, Authority, and Household Relationships
| English Term | Greek | Czech Rendering | Status | Risk | Review Routing | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rulers and authorities | ἀρχαὶ καὶ ἐξουσίαι | vládcové a mocnosti / vrchnost | NEW | Medium-High | Native speaker | Titus 3:1. Parallel to Romans 13:1, which the baseline already flags for native-speaker review re: government/authority; cross-reference. |
| Submit / submission | ὑποτάσσομαι | podřizovat se | NEW | Critical | Human theologian | Titus 3:1 (civic), 2:5 (marital), 2:9 (slave/master). Named curriculum doctrine (“Submission to Authority”). CRITICAL, Czech-specific historical risk: Nazi occupation and 41 years of communist totalitarian rule make blanket “submission to authority” language liable to be heard as endorsing coerced compliance with illegitimate power, in direct tension with Czech national memory (Prague Spring, Velvet Revolution) of principled resistance to unjust authority. Must be taught with Paul’s own qualifications (cf. Romans 13’s context) rather than as an unqualified absolute; the three distinct submission-contexts (civic, marital, slave/master) must not be flattened into one undifferentiated command. |
| Obey | πειθαρχέω | být poslušný | NEW | High | Human theologian | Titus 3:1. Same cultural-sensitivity flag as ὑποτάσσομαι above. |
| Master (human, of slaves) | δεσπότης | pán (lowercase) | NEW | Critical | Human theologian | Titus 2:9. CRITICAL register-collision: must remain lowercase and clearly distinguished from the baseline’s capitalized “Pán,” reserved exclusively for κύριος/Lord (Romans 10:9, Titus’s own christological confession pattern). Mandatory validation check parallel to baseline’s “Pán” rule. |
| Slanderous (adjective, false friend for “the Devil”) | διάβολος (adj.) | pomlouvačný | NEW | Critical | Human theologian | Titus 2:3. Must NOT be rendered with any cognate of “ďábel”/“diabolský” (the Devil/devilish) despite the shared root — this is an ordinary human-vice adjective (gossip/slander), not a demonic reference. Mandatory translator note against false-friend confusion. |
| Godliness | εὐσέβεια | zbožnost | NEW | High | Human theologian | Titus 1:1, 2:12. Central to curriculum doctrine (“Grace That Trains for Godly Living”). Ordinary Czech “zbožný” risks a faintly old-fashioned, stereotyped-devout-person register rather than genuine God-oriented character; needs active positive reframing. |
| Trains / disciplines | παιδεύω | vychovává | NEW | High | Human theologian | Titus 2:12. Names the curriculum’s title doctrine directly. Ordinary Czech word for child-rearing/parenting — concrete strength, but risks flattening into generic secular parenting advice unless explicitly taught as grace itself acting as the active former of character. |
| Worldly (passions) | κοσμικός | světský | NEW | Critical | Human theologian | Titus 2:12. CRITICAL, uniquely Czech-specific: “světský” is the ordinary Czech word for “secular” — the very sociological category describing this Language Package’s target readership. Mandatory gloss distinguishing “secular” (sociological self-description) from “worldly” (Paul’s moral-theological category of the present fallen age) on first use. |
| Desire / passion | ἐπιθυμία | žádost / touha | NEW | Medium-High | Native speaker | Titus 2:12, 3:3. “Žádost” also = “application/request” in ordinary administrative Czech (žádost o práci); “touha” (longing) preferred for transparency. |
| Ungodliness | ἀσέβεια | bezbožnost | NEW | Medium-High | Native speaker | Titus 2:12. In a highly secular society, risks sounding like a description of ordinary Czech irreligious life itself rather than an active moral/relational rebellion against God. |
| Loving kindness / love for mankind | φιλανθρωπία | lidumilnost / láska k lidem | NEW | High | Human theologian | Titus 3:4. AVOID the Czech loanword “filantropie,” in active secular civic use for charitable/NGO giving, detached from any reference to God; use the native compound instead. |
| Kindness (of God) | χρηστότης | dobrotivost / laskavost | NEW | Medium | Native speaker | Titus 3:4. |
| Endurance / steadfastness | ὑπομονή | vytrvalost | NEW | Medium | Native speaker | Titus 2:2. Underlying concept present in Romans (5:3-4, 8:25) without a dedicated baseline TM entry; recommend formal addition. |
| Fruit / fruitful | καρπός / ἄκαρπος | ovoce / neplodný | NEW | Low-Medium | Native speaker | Titus 3:14. Agricultural metaphor for the visible outcome of a life devoted to good works; low ambiguity but the metaphor itself needs brief unpacking for a reader unfamiliar with this NT image family. |
Category: Peace, Greetings, and Formulaic Language
| English Term | Greek | Czech Rendering | Status | Risk | Review Routing | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peace | εἰρήνη | pokoj | REUSED | Medium | Native speaker | Titus 1:4. |
| Faithful is the saying | Πιστὸς ὁ λόγος | Věrné je to slovo | NEW | Medium | Native speaker | Titus 3:8. Fixed Pastoral-Epistles formula; recommend identical rendering across any future Pastoral Epistles curricula (1–2 Timothy) using this Language Package. |
| Knowledge of the truth | ἐπίγνωσις ἀληθείας | poznání pravdy | NEW | Medium | Native speaker | Titus 1:1. |
| Proclamation / preaching | κήρυγμα | zvěstování / kázání | NEW | Medium | Native speaker | Titus 1:3. Functions as the near-equivalent of “gospel” (εὐαγγέλιον, absent as a term from Titus); cross-reference baseline “evangelium” doctrine entry for reader continuity. |
Category: Proper Names (Low Risk, Established Forms)
| English Term | Greek | Czech Rendering | Status | Risk | Review Routing | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Titus | Τίτος | Titus | NEW | Low | Automated | Established ČEP/Kralice form. |
| Crete / Cretans | Κρήτη / Κρῆτες | Kréta / Kréťané | NEW | Medium | Native speaker | Titus 1:5, 1:12. The Epimenides quotation (1:12) requires a cultural-sensitivity teaching note (Paul cites, not originates, the ethnic stereotype). |
| Artemas, Tychicus, Zenas, Apollos | Ἀρτεμᾶς, Τυχικός, Ζηνᾶς, Ἀπολλῶς | Artemas, Tychikos, Zénas, Apollos | NEW | Low | Automated | Established ČEP transliteration conventions. |
| Nicopolis | Νικόπολις | Nikopolis | NEW | Low | Automated | Geographic proper name. |
Risk Tier Summary (Titus-Specific New Terms)
| Risk Tier | Count of NEW Terms | Review Routing Required |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 9 (Spasitel, vykoupit, znovuzrození, dozorce, rozkolník, podřizovat se, pán/δεσπότης, pomlouvačný/false-friend, světský) | Human theologian — mandatory for every occurrence |
| High | 12 | Human theologian |
| Medium-High | 6 | Native speaker (escalate to theologian if occurring with a Critical term in the same segment) |
| Medium | 14 | Native speaker |
| Low / Low-Medium | 8 | Automated / native speaker spot-check |
Note on Czech-specific risk pattern for Titus: while the baseline Romans package identified low biblical literacy as the dominant risk category, this Titus analysis surfaces a second, distinct pattern layered on top of it: several terms (podřizovat se, dozorce, rozkolník, pán) carry risk not because the reader lacks a framework, but because Czech cultural and historical memory (totalitarian-era submission, Catholic/Hussite ecclesial history, Jan Hus’s execution as a heretic) supplies a specific, active, competing framework that must be explicitly navigated rather than simply built from scratch. Both risk patterns — “no framework” and “a specific competing framework” — must be tracked separately in Phase 2 review routing for this curriculum.
See analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md for full verse-by-verse and chapter-by-chapter argumentation supporting every entry above.
Critical Risk Terms
Justification
Approved rendering: ospravedlnění
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ospravedlnění pouze v běžném smyslu ‘obhájení’ nebo ‘omluvení’ určitého jednání
Original: δικαιόω / δικαίωσις
Category: Salvation
CRITICAL: in everyday Czech, ‘ospravedlnění’ simply means justifying or excusing an action (‘ospravedlnění pozdního příchodu,’ ‘justifying being late’) — a low-stakes, mundane word with essentially zero inherited theological weight. Paul’s forensic doctrine of justification by faith must be built up as new content, not evoked from a pre-existing religious schema, since none can be assumed. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: Titus 3:7 (‘having been justified by his grace’) is a direct verbal-cognate occurrence of the Romans doctrine; use the identical plain-language gloss used in Romans materials for cross-document consistency.
Salvation
Approved rendering: spasení
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: spasení chápané pouze jako archaický, literární výraz z Bible kralické bez skutečného obsahu pro čtenáře
Original: σωτηρία / σῴζω
Category: Salvation
CRITICAL: ‘spasení’ is a genuine Kralice Bible-tradition term, but in one of the most secular societies in Europe it now registers to most readers as an archaic, quasi-literary word rather than a live category of meaning. Salvation must be explained conceptually and narratively (from what, to what, by whom), not merely named. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: Titus 3:3-7’s explicit before/after conversion narrative is the single best resource in the entire Language Package (Romans included) for teaching this term narratively; use as the model passage.
Lord
Approved rendering: Pán
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: pán s malým ‘p’ ve smyslu běžného zdvořilostního oslovení (‘pane’)
CRITICAL, structurally similar to Greek’s Κύριος: capitalization (Pán vs. pán) is the only orthographic signal distinguishing exclusive divine lordship from an everyday honorific; the confession must be actively taught, not assumed to register from word choice alone. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: Titus 2:9 introduces δεσπότης (‘master,’ a human household slave-owner), rendered lowercase ‘pán’ — this is a distinct, unrelated referent that must NEVER be capitalized or confused with this entry; see the new ‘master_human’ term below and the mandatory validation check it requires.
Messiah
Approved rendering: Mesiáš
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
CRITICAL: transliterated term requiring foundational explanation of the entire Old Testament messianic-expectation background, which cannot be assumed as prior knowledge. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: kept explicitly distinct from the new ‘christ’ (Kristus) entry below — in Titus, ‘Kristus’ functions only as part of the fixed proper name ‘Ježíš Kristus,’ never as an argued messianic-title claim; do not substitute ‘Mesiáš’ into that name formula.
God
Approved rendering: Bůh
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Standard and unambiguous, though ‘proboha’ (‘for God’s sake’) functions as a common secular exclamation in everyday speech. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: Titus’s distinctive pattern applies ‘Savior’ (Spasitel) to both God the Father (1:3, 2:10, 3:4) and Jesus Christ (1:4, 2:13, 3:6), a Trinitarian title pattern requiring explicit teaching.
Jesus
Approved rendering: Ježíš
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Standard and stable, though ‘Ježíš’/‘Ježíšmarjá’ also functions as a common secular interjection/mild profanity in colloquial Czech. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: occurs throughout as part of ‘Ježíš Kristus’ (1:1, 1:4, 2:13, 3:6); Titus 2:13 is a Critical-risk single-verse deity-of-Christ proof text (see ‘great_god_and_savior’ below).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Duch svatý
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Standard and unambiguous personal third Person of the Trinity; basic Trinitarian framework cannot be assumed as prior knowledge. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: Titus 3:5, the agent of regeneration (znovuzrození) and renewal (obnovení) — ties directly to Romans 8’s Spirit-theology and this book’s named doctrine ‘Regeneration by the Holy Spirit.‘
Father
Approved rendering: Otec
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
God as personal Father; standard, though the specific theological weight of divine fatherhood needs to be actively taught given generally low background religious literacy. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: Titus 1:4’s greeting formula ‘Bůh Otec’; forms the first Person in the letter’s unusually explicit Trinitarian pattern (3:4-6).
Savior
Approved rendering: Spasitel
Doctrine: Trinitarian Pattern of Salvation
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Christology
NEW term for this curriculum, not present in the baseline Romans translation memory. Occurs 6x in Titus (1:3, 1:4, 2:10, 2:13, 3:4, 3:6), applied to both God the Father and Jesus Christ, establishing a Trinitarian title pattern requiring explicit teaching. Risk parallels ‘spasení’: the danger is not a competing secular meaning but that the word fails to activate any live conceptual content for a low-biblical-literacy reader. Must be actively defined and its dual Father/Son application explicitly taught, not assumed.
Redemption
Approved rendering: vykoupit
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Rejected alternatives: vykoupit understood only as redeeming a retail discount voucher/coupon (‘vykoupit slevový kupón’), vykoupit understood only as a corporate buy-out of shares
Original: λυτρόω / λυτρόομαι
Category: Salvation
NEW term, Titus 2:14 (λυτρώσηται). CRITICAL, language-specific collision: in everyday commercial Czech ‘vykoupit’ is the standard verb for redeeming a discount voucher or for a company buying out shares. This transactional-coupon association is likely the reader’s only prior mental model and must be actively taught against, exactly paralleling the baseline’s documented pattern for ‘justification’ and ‘salvation.’ Mandatory first-use gloss anchoring Christ’s costly self-sacrifice (‘gave himself for us,’ 2:14a).
Regeneration
Approved rendering: znovuzrození
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: znovuzrození read as self-directed personal reinvention or brand-relaunch (secular self-help/marketing usage, e.g. ‘znovuzrození značky’), znovuzrození read as Hindu/Buddhist-style cyclical reincarnation
Original: παλιγγενεσία
Category: Salvation
NEW term, Titus 3:5 (παλιγγενεσία). Names the curriculum doctrine ‘Regeneration by the Holy Spirit.’ INVERSE risk pattern versus most terms in this Language Package: this Czech phrase is a live, actively used contemporary expression in secular self-help, wellness, and marketing/rebranding discourse. Must be actively distinguished on first use: this is God’s sovereign act done TO a person, not a self-improvement achievement. Mandatory human theologian review for every occurrence.
Great God And Savior
Approved rendering: našeho velikého Boha a Spasitele, Ježíše Krista
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: inserting a comma or possessive that splits the phrase into two referents (‘our great God, and [our] Savior Jesus Christ’)
Original: τοῦ μεγάλου θεοῦ καὶ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ
Category: Christology
NEW phrase-level entry, Titus 2:13. Single-article Greek construction (Sharp’s rule) identifying Jesus Christ himself as ‘our great God and Savior’ — one of the NT’s clearest single-verse grammatical proofs of Christ’s full deity. Czech syntax must preserve the single-referent reading. Mandatory translator note required on every occurrence. Reuses the baseline’s ‘božství Kristovo’ (Deity of Christ) doctrine exactly. NEVER consult or echo Překlad nového světa (Jehovah’s Witnesses’ Czech New World Translation), which splits this into two referents consistent with denial of Christ’s deity.
Overseer
Approved rendering: dozorce
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Rejected alternatives: biskup — the established Kralická/ČEP rendering, rejected because it denotes a high-ranking, multi-parish diocesan office in Czech Roman Catholic and Hussite/Protestant church history, anachronistically importing hierarchy absent from Titus’s own equation of this office with the local starší (1:5//1:7)
Original: ἐπίσκοπος
Category: Church
NEW term, Titus 1:7 (ἐπίσκοπος). CRITICAL, language-specific: a deliberate departure from the historic Czech Bible-translation tradition (both Kralická and ČEP use ‘biskup’). Mandatory translator note on every occurrence explaining the departure and equating this office explicitly with ‘starší.‘
Divisive Person
Approved rendering: rozkolník
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Rejected alternatives: heretik — the historic Kralická cognate, rejected because it is inseparably tied in Czech national memory to Jan Hus’s 1415 condemnation and execution at the Council of Constance, a still-commemorated cornerstone of Czech national identity
Original: αἱρετικὸς ἄνθρωπος
Category: Church
NEW term, Titus 3:10 (αἱρετικὸς ἄνθρωπος). Names the curriculum doctrine ‘Avoiding Divisive Controversies.’ CRITICAL, grounded in Czech religious history. Mandatory translator note on every occurrence explaining why the historically loaded cognate ‘heretik’ is deliberately avoided, since the Greek describes ordinary quarrelsome social behavior addressed through pastoral discipline after due warning, not formal doctrinal-heresy condemnation.
Submit
Approved rendering: podřizovat se
Doctrine: Submission to Authority
Rejected alternatives: podřizovat se presented as an unqualified absolute command detached from Paul’s civic-order qualifications
Original: ὑποτάσσομαι
Category: Authority
CRITICAL, grounded in Czech national history rather than religious-vocabulary collision: Nazi occupation (1939-1945) and 41 years of communist totalitarian rule (1948-1989) make ‘submit to authority’ liable to be heard as endorsing coerced compliance with illegitimate power, in tension with Czech national memory of principled resistance (Prague Spring, Velvet Revolution). Applied across three distinct spheres in Titus — civic (3:1), marital (2:5), slave/master (2:9) — which must never be flattened into one undifferentiated command. Names the curriculum doctrine ‘Submission to Authority.‘
Master Human
Approved rendering: pán
Doctrine: Household Codes and Relational Submission
Rejected alternatives: capitalized Pán, reserved exclusively for κύριος/Lord per the baseline’s Romans 10:9 entry
Original: δεσπότης
Category: Authority
NEW term, Titus 2:9 (δεσπότης), an ordinary human household master, distinct from κύριος. CRITICAL register-collision risk: must remain lowercase, ideally with a clarifying possessive (‘svým pánům’), so no reader confuses this verse with a divine-lordship claim. Mandatory validation check parallel to the baseline’s capitalized-Pán rule.
Slanderous
Approved rendering: pomlouvačný
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holy Living
Rejected alternatives: any cognate of ďábel/diabolský (the Devil/devilish)
Original: διάβολος (adjectival use)
Category: Sanctification
NEW term, Titus 2:3 (διάβολος used adjectivally). CRITICAL false-friend risk: despite sharing a root with ὁ διάβολος (‘the Devil’), this describes an ordinary human vice (gossip/slander), not demonic character. Must NOT be rendered with any Devil-cognate, which would import a disproportionate demonic accusation into a simple household-code instruction.
Worldly
Approved rendering: světský
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Rejected alternatives: světský left unglossed, allowing the reader to hear a description of themselves as a secular sociological category rather than Paul’s moral-theological category
Original: κοσμικός
Category: Sanctification
CRITICAL, uniquely Czech-specific risk: ‘světský’ is the ordinary Czech word for ‘secular’ — the very sociological category this Language Package uses to describe its target readership. Titus 2:12’s ‘worldly passions’ risks being heard as commanding renunciation of the reader’s own irreligious cultural identity rather than Paul’s moral category (the present fallen age). Mandatory first-use gloss distinguishing the two senses; this risk is inherent to the correct dictionary translation itself, not avoidable by word choice alone.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: evangelium
Doctrine: Gospel
Established term (Bible kralická through the modern Czech Ecumenical Translation), but cannot be assumed to carry inherited meaning for most readers given the Czech Republic’s very low religious practice. Must be actively defined at first use, not simply translated, unlike languages where a lived faith community reinforces the term’s meaning outside the text. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: εὐαγγέλιον itself never occurs in Titus; κήρυγμα (zvěstování/kázání, Titus 1:3) functions as the letter’s near-equivalent and must be cross-referenced to this entry so readers connect the two.
Grace
Approved rendering: milost
Doctrine: Grace
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Established Kralice-tradition term, still used in ordinary Czech for judicial mercy/clemency (e.g. a presidential pardon, ‘udělit milost’). Unlike Greek’s parallel secular drift, Czech legal usage carries no residual religious connotation to reactivate; needs explicit unpacking as unmerited divine favor, built from scratch rather than assumed. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: Titus 1:4, 2:11, 3:7, 3:15. Titus 2:11-14 personifies grace as the grammatical subject that actively trains believers — an unusually strong built-in teaching anchor; must be kept distinct from the co-occurring milosrdenství (mercy, 3:5).
Faith
Approved rendering: víra
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: víra v obecném slova smyslu (např. ‘víra v sebe sama’, víra ve výsledek)
Original: πίστις / πιστεύω
Category: Faith
Personal trust in Christ. Modern secular Czech commonly uses ‘víra’ for generic belief or self-confidence (‘víra v sebe sama,’ ‘believing in yourself’), with no automatic religious referent; the object of faith (Christ) must be specified explicitly every time, since a secular reader will not default to a religious reading. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: Titus 1:1, 1:4, 3:8, 3:15; also underlies the fixed formula ‘Věrné je to slovo’ (3:8).
Righteousness
Approved rendering: spravedlnost
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: spravedlnost výhradně v moderním občanském/právním smyslu
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
‘Spravedlnost’ is the ordinary Czech word for justice/fairness in courts and society. Unlike Poland, where a civic sense competes against a live religious sense, in Czech the civic sense may simply be the ONLY sense a reader brings, requiring the theological ‘right standing before God’ sense to be built from scratch. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: Titus 3:5, ‘not by works done in righteousness’ — the letter’s clearest single restatement of the Romans 3-5 justification argument.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: posvěcení
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: posvěcení výhradně jako rituální/symbolický akt bez trvalého obsahu (např. ‘posvěcení stavby’)
‘Posvěcení’ is used in ordinary Czech for the ceremonial blessing/dedication of a building or object (e.g. ‘posvěcení kostela’). Romans’ sense of the Spirit’s ongoing transformative work must be built up rather than assumed. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: conceptually overlaps with Titus 3:5’s regeneration/renewal pair (znovuzrození/obnovení) and the letter’s household-code holiness vocabulary.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: vtělení
Doctrine: Incarnation
Established theological term with very low everyday secular use; treat as a term to be taught, not merely translated. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: underlies Titus 2:11 and 3:4’s ἐπεφάνη (‘has appeared’), which frame grace/God’s kindness as a historical, visible, incarnational event, not an abstract disposition.
Election
Approved rendering: vyvolení
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: vyvolení v běžném, sekulárním smyslu úspěchu nebo výběru (např. sportovní výběr, výběrové řízení)
Original: ἐκλεκτῶν θεοῦ
Category: Salvation
God’s sovereign, gracious choice. ‘Vyvolení’/‘vyvolený’ are used in ordinary Czech for being selected in a secular competitive sense (a job selection process, a sports team). INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: Titus 1:1, ‘the faith of God’s elect’ (κατὰ πίστιν ἐκλεκτῶν θεοῦ) — Paul’s ministry serves God’s sovereign choice, not human achievement; must not register as competitive selection.
Law
Approved rendering: zákon
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
The Mosaic law/Torah; also the ordinary word for civil law/legislation, requiring context to keep Paul’s specific argument distinct from law-in-general. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: root of Titus 2:14’s ἀνομία (‘lawlessness,’ nepravost) and Titus 3:9’s ‘spory o Zákon’ (quarrels about the law); capitalize as ‘Zákon’ when referring to the Mosaic law specifically.
Covenant
Approved rendering: smlouva
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: smlouva výhradně jako běžná obchodní nebo právní smlouva
‘Smlouva’ is the ordinary Czech word for any contract or agreement (a lease, an employment contract); needs to be actively distinguished from this dominant everyday commercial/legal sense. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: essential background for Titus 2:14’s λαὸν περιούσιον (‘a people for his own possession’), which echoes Exodus 19:5’s covenant description of Israel now applied to the whole redeemed people; teach with this OT covenant background rather than as an isolated phrase.
Mercy
Approved rendering: milosrdenství
Doctrine: Mercy and Kindness of God
Rejected alternatives: collapsing milosrdenství into milost as free variants of a single ‘grace/mercy’ concept
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Salvation
NEW term. Titus 3:5, co-occurring in the same verse with milost. Does not appear as a distinct entry in the baseline Romans translation memory (only ‘grace’ is recorded). Must be taught as distinct from, though closely related to, milost: mercy emphasizes God’s compassion toward the helpless/miserable condition pictured in Titus 3:3, while grace emphasizes the unmerited, gift-like character of what is given. Both terms co-occur in 3:5 and must never be collapsed into one.
Renewal
Approved rendering: obnovení
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: obnovení read as building/home renovation (‘obnova bytu,’ ‘renovace domu’)
Original: ἀνακαίνωσις
Category: Salvation
NEW term, Titus 3:5 (ἀνακαίνωσις), paired doctrinally with znovuzrození. Ordinary Czech ‘obnova/obnovení’ dominantly means construction-industry renovation; must be actively distinguished from this association and taught as the Spirit’s ongoing renewing work alongside the once-for-all new birth.
Good Works
Approved rendering: dobré skutky
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Rejected alternatives: dobré skutky taught in isolation from grace, producing a moralistic works-righteousness reading
Original: ἔργα ἀγαθά / καλὰ ἔργα
Category: Sanctification
NEW term, central to two named curriculum doctrines (‘Sound Doctrine and Good Works,’ ‘Salvation by Grace not Works’). Recurs Titus 1:16, 2:7, 2:14, 3:1, 3:8, 3:14. Must always be taught within the grace-first, works-as-fruit sequence (2:14, 3:5, 3:8); requires one single consistent rendering across every occurrence.
Hope
Approved rendering: naděje
Doctrine: Blessed Hope and the Return of Christ
Rejected alternatives: naděje read as uncertain/probabilistic hoping (sports outcomes, medical prognoses, lottery-style hope), naděje read through the fatalistic folk-secular framing of osud (fate) or štěstí (luck)
Original: ἐλπίς
Category: Faith
NEW term, not present in the baseline Romans translation memory. Titus 1:2, 2:13, 3:7. Ordinary secular Czech ‘naděje’ implies uncertain hope; Titus’s hope is a certain expectation grounded explicitly in ‘the God who never lies’ (1:2) and must be actively distinguished from both probabilistic secular hoping and fatalistic osud/štěstí framing.
Epiphany
Approved rendering: zjevení / ukázání se
Doctrine: Blessed Hope and the Return of Christ
Rejected alternatives: zjevení used as a bare noun at Titus 2:11/3:4 without disambiguation from Zjevení Janovo (the book of Revelation)
Original: ἐπιφάνεια / ἐπιφαίνω
Category: Christology
NEW term (ἐπιφάνεια/ἐπιφαίνω), used of both Christ’s first coming (2:11, 3:4) and second coming (2:13). ‘Zjevení’ as a noun risks activating the reader’s association with the Czech title of Revelation, pulling an apocalyptic frame into 2:11’s incarnation reference inappropriately (though appropriately apocalyptic at 2:13). Prefer verbal ‘ukázala se/zjevila se’ with a translator note distinguishing the two contexts on first use.
Elder
Approved rendering: starší
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Rejected alternatives: starší used generically for the unrelated household-code noun πρεσβύτης/πρεσβύτις (‘an older man/woman,’ 2:2-3), which is NOT a title
Original: πρεσβύτερος
Category: Church
NEW term, Titus 1:5. Names the curriculum doctrine ‘Qualifications for Elders.’ Ordinary Czech ‘starší’ also functions simply as the comparative adjective ‘older,’ risking readers missing that this names a specific church office. Must be distinguished explicitly from πρεσβύτης/πρεσβύτις, rendered instead as ‘starý muž/žena.‘
Sound Doctrine
Approved rendering: zdravé učení
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Rejected alternatives: zdravý read through contemporary wellness-culture register (zdravá výživa, zdravý životní styl)
Original: διδασκαλία ὑγιαίνουσα
Category: Church
NEW term, recurring Titus 1:9, 1:13, 2:1, 2:2, 2:8, 2:10. Names the curriculum doctrine ‘Sound Doctrine and Good Works.’ Modern Czech ‘zdravý’ overwhelmingly evokes physical/dietary wellness culture, a fashionable secular register risking trivialization of Paul’s doctrinal-integrity metaphor. Mandatory first-use gloss anchoring the metaphor to doctrinal wholeness versus corruption, explicitly disclaiming any diet/fitness association.
Conscience
Approved rendering: svědomí
Doctrine: False Teachers and the Corrupted Conscience
Rejected alternatives: svědomí treated as a fully secular, self-referential ethical faculty independent of God (‘mít čisté svědomí’)
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Sanctification
NEW term, Titus 1:15 (συνείδησις); does not appear in the baseline Romans translation memory despite Romans’ own use of the concept (2:15, 9:1, 13:5) — recommend retroactive baseline addition. Ordinary secular Czech usage treats ‘svědomí’ as self-sufficient; Titus 1:15’s claim that conscience can be defiled and requires purification before God must be actively taught against this purely secular reading.
Confession
Approved rendering: vyznávat
Doctrine: False Teachers and the Corrupted Conscience
Original: ὁμολογέω
Category: Christology
Same verb family (ὁμολογέω) as the baseline’s Critical-risk Romans 10:9 Lordship confession (‘Ježíš je Pán’/vyznáváš). Titus 1:16: ‘they profess to know God, but by their works they deny him’ — cross-reference this connection explicitly: the same confession vocabulary is warned against when unaccompanied by works.
Special Possession People
Approved rendering: lid, jenž je jeho zvláštním vlastnictvím
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Original: λαὸν περιούσιον
Category: Covenant
NEW compound concept, Titus 2:14 (λαὸν περιούσιον), echoing Exodus 19:5’s covenant description of Israel as God’s treasured possession. No single modern Czech word captures περιούσιος; requires periphrasis. Must be taught with the Old Testament covenant background rather than left as an isolated phrase, consistent with the baseline’s caution that OT background cannot be assumed.
Obey
Approved rendering: být poslušný
Doctrine: Submission to Authority
Original: πειθαρχέω
Category: Authority
NEW term, Titus 3:1 (πειθαρχέω), reinforcing ‘podřizovat se’ as a near-synonym. Same cultural-sensitivity flag; should not be taught in isolation from Paul’s qualifying context regarding just governance.
Godliness
Approved rendering: zbožnost
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Original: εὐσέβεια
Category: Sanctification
NEW term, Titus 1:1, 2:12 (εὐσέβεια), central to the curriculum’s title doctrine. Ordinary Czech ‘zbožný’ risks a faintly old-fashioned, stereotyped-devout-person register rather than genuine God-oriented character; needs active positive reframing.
Trains
Approved rendering: vychovává
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Rejected alternatives: vychovává read as generic secular parenting advice, losing that grace itself is the acting agent
Original: παιδεύω
Category: Sanctification
NEW term, Titus 2:12 (παιδεύω), directly naming the curriculum’s title doctrine. Ordinary Czech word for child-rearing — a concrete strength, but risks flattening into generic parenting advice unless grace’s own agency is explicitly taught. Always keep ‘milost’ as the explicit grammatical subject nearby.
Loving Kindness
Approved rendering: lidumilnost
Doctrine: Mercy and Kindness of God
Rejected alternatives: filantropie — the active secular civic loanword for charitable/NGO giving, entirely detached from any reference to God
Original: φιλανθρωπία
Category: God
NEW term, Titus 3:4 (φιλανθρωπία), God’s benevolent love for humanity, the ground of salvation. AVOID the Czech loanword ‘filantropie’; use the native compound to preserve the personal, saving disposition Paul intends.
Medium Risk Terms
Holy
Approved rendering: svatý
Doctrine: Sanctification
Established term with more residual cultural traction than most in this glossary, since name days (svátek) tied to saints still appear on the Czech calendar and are marked even by secular Czechs. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: renders ἅγιος at Titus 1:8, one of three related purity/holiness terms in this short letter (with ὅσιος/bohabojný and ἁγνός/čistý); must remain visibly distinct from both.
Adoption
Approved rendering: přijetí za syna
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
‘Adopce’ is the standard modern secular word for legal adoption and supports the legal-status parallel well; the specific theological content (full inheritance rights as God’s child) still needs explicit unpacking. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: cross-referenced by the new ‘heir’ (dědic) entry at Titus 3:7, which extends this doctrine into inheritance-of-eternal-life language.
Peace
Approved rendering: pokoj
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: pokoj ve smyslu pouhého klidu či nepřítomnosti hluku
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Relational peace with God through justification. Ordinary Czech ‘pokoj’ commonly means simple quiet or absence of disturbance (‘Dej mi pokoj,’ ‘leave me alone’), a substantially weaker secular sense. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: Titus 1:4’s greeting formula ‘milost a pokoj,’ consistent with the letter’s closing benediction (3:15) and Romans’ own greetings.
Washing
Approved rendering: obmytí
Doctrine: Regeneration by the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: koupel (literal bath), which risks a purely hygienic reading
Original: λουτρόν
Category: Salvation
NEW term, Titus 3:5 (λουτρόν). Pair with a baptismal-imagery gloss connecting the washing image to the conversion moment, not literal bathing.
Heir
Approved rendering: dědic
Doctrine: Adoption and Inheritance of Eternal Life
Original: κληρονόμος
Category: Salvation
NEW term, Titus 3:7 (κληρονόμος). No dedicated baseline entry despite the closely related ‘adoption’ entry. Ordinary Czech ‘dědic’ is the standard legal-inheritance word, a helpful concrete parallel, but the theological content (inheriting eternal life by grace, not merit) needs explicit unpacking, cross-referenced to the ‘adoption’ entry above.
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: věčný život
Doctrine: Adoption and Inheritance of Eternal Life
Rejected alternatives: věčný used in its romantic-idiom sense (‘věčná láska,’ eternal/undying love)
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Salvation
NEW term, Titus 1:2 and 3:7 (ζωὴ αἰώνιος), bracketing the letter. Must be distinguished from secular Czech’s hyperbolic romantic usage of ‘věčný’ and anchored to the specific theological category of unending resurrection life.
Blameless
Approved rendering: bezúhonný
Doctrine: Qualifications for Elders
Rejected alternatives: bezúhonnost read narrowly as the technical legal/administrative sense (a clean criminal record required for professional licensing)
Original: ἀνέγκλητος
Category: Church
NEW term, Titus 1:6-7 (ἀνέγκλητος). Modern Czech ‘bezúhonnost’ is a technical legal/administrative term; risk of a narrow legalistic reading rather than Paul’s fuller, holistic character-blamelessness standard.
Devout
Approved rendering: bohabojný
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holy Living
Rejected alternatives: svatý (reserved for ἅγιος), čistý (reserved for ἁγνός)
Original: ὅσιος
Category: Church
NEW term, Titus 1:8 (ὅσιος). Must be kept visibly distinct from ἅγιος (svatý, REUSED baseline ‘holy’) and ἁγνός (čistý, ‘pure’) — three related purity/holiness terms occurring within this short letter, requiring separate, non-overlapping Czech renderings. Recommend one consolidated translator note at first occurrence (1:8) listing all three side by side.
Pure
Approved rendering: čistý
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holy Living
Rejected alternatives: svatý or bohabojný used interchangeably for ἁγνός
Original: ἁγνός
Category: Sanctification
NEW term, Titus 2:5 (ἁγνός). See the ‘devout’ entry above regarding the three-way ἅγιος/ὅσιος/ἁγνός distinction required within this letter.
Disqualified
Approved rendering: neosvědčený / nezpůsobilý
Doctrine: False Teachers and the Corrupted Conscience
Original: ἀδόκιμος
Category: Church
NEW term, Titus 1:16 (ἀδόκιμος), a metallurgical-testing metaphor (failing inspection). Brief explanatory note on the testing/inspection image recommended for readers unfamiliar with this NT image family.
Foolish Controversies
Approved rendering: hloupé spory, rodopisy, hádky a spory o Zákon
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Original: μωραὶ ζητήσεις καὶ γενεαλογίαι καὶ ἔρεις καὶ μάχαι νομικαί
Category: Church
NEW term, Titus 3:9. νόμος root REUSES the baseline ‘law’ (zákon) exactly. Recommend a translator note distinguishing this warning against speculative/contentious debate STYLE from a wholesale rejection of doctrinal teaching itself. Preserve the deliberate vocabulary echo with 3:8’s ‘prospěšné’ (profitable) via ‘neprospěšné’ (unprofitable, 3:9).
Admonition
Approved rendering: napomenutí
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Rejected alternatives: collapsing napomenutí into povzbuzování (encouragement, παρακαλέω)
Original: νουθεσία
Category: Church
NEW term, Titus 3:10 (νουθεσία). Keep register distinct from ‘povzbuzování’ (REUSED baseline ‘exhort’/povzbuzovat, Low risk), consistent with the letter’s deliberate distinction between gentle encouragement and firm correction.
Rebuke
Approved rendering: kárat / usvědčovat
Doctrine: Avoiding Divisive Controversies
Original: ἔλεγχε / ἐλέγχειν
Category: Church
NEW term (ἔλεγχε/ἐλέγχειν), Titus 1:9, 1:13, 2:15. Distinct, firmer register than παρακαλέω (baseline povzbuzovat, Low). Establish consistently across all occurrences so the letter’s escalating firmness (encourage → rebuke → admonish → avoid) remains legible.
Servant Of God
Approved rendering: služebník Boží
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: otrok Boží used without an explanatory note, risking a needlessly harsh degrading reading
Original: δοῦλος θεοῦ
Category: Church
NEW term, Titus 1:1 (δοῦλος θεοῦ), Paul’s self-designation, a position of honor in Pauline usage. ‘Otrok’ (slave) may read as needlessly harsh in modern Czech without explanation that Paul uses the term as an honorific; recommend ‘služebník Boží’ paired with an explanatory note on the honorific Pauline usage.
Rulers And Authorities
Approved rendering: vládcové a mocnosti
Doctrine: Submission to Authority
Original: ἀρχαὶ ἐξουσίαι
Category: Authority
NEW term, Titus 3:1 (ἀρχαὶ ἐξουσίαι), not present as a dedicated entry in the baseline Romans translation memory despite Romans 13:1 discussing the identical theme. Cross-reference Romans 13:1-7’s existing native-speaker review routing explicitly.
Desire
Approved rendering: touha
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Rejected alternatives: žádost, which also means ‘application/request’ in ordinary administrative Czech (žádost o práci)
Original: ἐπιθυμία
Category: Sanctification
NEW term, Titus 2:12, 3:3 (ἐπιθυμία). ‘Touha’ preferred over ‘žádost’ for transparency, avoiding the administrative false-friend reading.
Ungodliness
Approved rendering: bezbožnost
Doctrine: Grace That Trains for Godly Living
Rejected alternatives: bezbožnost read as a plain sociological description of the reader’s own irreligious context
Original: ἀσέβεια
Category: Sanctification
NEW term, Titus 2:12 (ἀσέβεια). In a highly secular society, risks sounding like a description of ordinary Czech irreligious life itself rather than an active moral/relational rebellion against God; must be taught as a disposition of the heart.
Kindness Of God
Approved rendering: dobrotivost
Doctrine: Mercy and Kindness of God
Original: χρηστότης
Category: God
NEW term, Titus 3:4 (χρηστότης), paired with φιλανθρωπία. Ensure it reads as an active divine disposition, not a passive character trait.
Endurance
Approved rendering: vytrvalost
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holy Living
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Sanctification
NEW term, Titus 2:2 (ὑπομονή), part of the triad ‘sound in faith, love, and endurance.’ Underlying concept present in Romans (5:3-4, 8:25) without a dedicated baseline entry; recommend formal addition.
Fruit
Approved rendering: ovoce / neplodný
Doctrine: Practical Good Works and Hospitality
Original: καρπός / ἄκαρπος
Category: Sanctification
NEW term, Titus 3:14 (καρπός/ἄκαρπος), an agricultural metaphor for the visible outcome of good works. Low ambiguity, but the metaphor should be briefly unpacked for readers unfamiliar with this NT image family.
Lawlessness
Approved rendering: nepravost
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace not Works
Original: ἀνομία
Category: Sin
NEW term, Titus 2:14 (ἀνομία), the condition from which redemption rescues. νόμος root REUSES the baseline ‘law’ (zákon). ‘Nepravost’ is a stable Kralice-tradition word but low-frequency in ordinary modern speech, needing brief explanatory anchoring rather than assumed recognition.
Self Controlled
Approved rendering: rozvážný
Doctrine: Godliness and Self-Controlled Living
Original: σώφρων / σωφρόνως / σωφρονίζω
Category: Sanctification
NEW term family (σώφρων/σωφρόνως/σωφρονίζω), recurring heavily through the household codes (1:8, 2:2, 2:4-6, 2:12). Standardize on ‘rozvážný’ across the whole book for consistency, accepting some loss of nuance rather than varying the rendering occurrence-by-occurrence.
Faithful Saying
Approved rendering: Věrné je to slovo
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine and Good Works
Original: Πιστὸς ὁ λόγος
Category: Church
NEW fixed-formula entry (Πιστὸς ὁ λόγος), Titus 3:8. REUSES the πίστις root (víra family, High risk). Recommend identical rendering wherever this formula recurs in future Pastoral Epistles curricula (1-2 Timothy) sharing this Language Package, for cross-document consistency.
Knowledge Of Truth
Approved rendering: poznání pravdy
Doctrine: Apostolic Commission and Proclamation
Original: ἐπίγνωσις ἀληθείας
Category: Faith
NEW term, Titus 1:1 (ἐπίγνωσις ἀληθείας), a thesis statement for the whole letter: doctrine and godly living are inseparably linked from the opening line, paralleling the core passage’s grace-that-trains theme.
Proclamation
Approved rendering: zvěstování / kázání
Doctrine: Apostolic Commission and Proclamation
Original: κήρυγμα
Category: Church
NEW term, Titus 1:3 (κήρυγμα). Functions as the near-equivalent of ‘gospel’ (εὐαγγέλιον, absent as a word from Titus itself); cross-reference the baseline’s ‘evangelium’ doctrine entry for reader continuity across curricula.
Low Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: apoštol
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Established, stable term, though the underlying concept of a specially authorized emissary of Christ may need brief explanation for readers unfamiliar with the New Testament narrative. INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: Titus 1:1, Paul’s self-designation, paired with ‘servant of God’ (služebník Boží).
Exhort
Approved rendering: povzbuzovat
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Context-sensitive; ‘povzbuzovat’ (encourage) reads more naturally in a modern register than the more formal/dated ‘napomínat’ (admonish). INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE. Titus relevance: Titus 2:15’s παρακάλει; must be kept in a distinct, gentler register from the letter’s new firmer-correction vocabulary (kárat/usvědčovat, napomenutí — see below), so the escalating pastoral register (encourage → rebuke → admonish → avoid) remains legible.
Christ
Approved rendering: Kristus
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: substituting Mesiáš for Kristus within the fixed name formula ‘Ježíš Kristus’
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
NEW entry distinct from the baseline’s ‘messiah’ term (Mesiáš), which is reserved for the explicit Old Testament messianic-expectation doctrine. ‘Kristus’ is the standard established Czech Bible name-form used throughout ‘Ježíš Kristus’ in Titus, functioning as part of the proper name rather than an argued messianic title, and should not be swapped for ‘Mesiáš’ in the name formula.
Referenced passages