08 Core Glossary — Mark (German)

Given Mark’s extensive overlap with Matthew (both share triple-tradition material), this glossary lists Mark’s genuinely distinctive new terms; parallel passages already established in the Matthew package (the ransom saying, the greatest commandment, the transfiguration, etc.) are reused verbatim and marked “TM (from Matthew)” rather than re-derived. See 07_semantic_analysis.md for the full discussion including reused parallels.

#	English term	Greek	First occurrence(s)	German rendering	Status	Notes
1	the beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God	Ἀρχὴ τοῦ εὐαγγελίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ [υἱοῦ θεοῦ]	1:1	Anfang des Evangeliums von Jesus Christus, dem Sohn Gottes	NEW	Mark’s own opening thesis; forms an inclusio with 15:39.
2	immediately	εὐθύς	1:10 and 40+ occurrences	sogleich	NEW	Mark’s stylistic hallmark; keep a consistent rendering throughout.
3	Son of Man… ransom for many	ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου… λύτρον ἀντὶ πολλῶν	10:45	der Menschensohn… Lösegeld für viele	TM (from Matthew)	Near-verbatim parallel to Matthew 20:28; reused exactly.
4	the greatest commandment	ἀγαπήσεις κύριον τὸν θεόν σου… τὸν πλησίον σου	12:28-31	Du sollst den Herrn, deinen Gott, lieben… deinen Nächsten wie dich selbst	TM (from Matthew)	Shared-citation verbatim-match rule.
5	who is this, that even wind and sea obey him?	τίς ἄρα οὗτός ἐστιν	4:41	Wer ist der, dass ihm Wind und Meer gehorsam sind?	NEW	Echoes OT divine authority over the sea; narrative rather than discursive Christology.
6	Legion	Λεγιών	5:9	Legion	NEW	Concrete Roman military-unit term conveying overwhelming affliction.
7	nothing outside defiles / what comes out defiles	οὐδὲν ἔξωθεν… τὰ ἐκ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐκπορευόμενα	7:15	nichts von außen… was aus dem Menschen herauskommt	NEW	Doctrinal implication of dietary-law freedom, per Mark’s own parenthetical comment (7:19).
8	I believe; help my unbelief	Πιστεύω· βοήθει μου τῇ ἀπιστίᾳ	9:24	Ich glaube, hilf meinem Unglauben!	NEW	Widely quoted; keep faith and doubt in tension.
9	whoever would be first must be servant of all	εἴ τις θέλει πρῶτος εἶναι, ἔσται πάντων ἔσχατος καὶ πάντων διάκονος	9:35	Wer da will der Erste sein, der soll der Letzte sein aller und aller Diener	NEW	Echoes the servant-Christology theme culminating in 10:45.
10	the widow’s two small coins	Λεπτὰ δύο	12:42	zwei Scherflein	NEW	Source of the still-current German idiom “sein Scherflein beitragen.”
11	no one knows the day or hour, not even the Son	περὶ δὲ τῆς ἡμέρας ἐκείνης… οὐδὲ ὁ υἱός	13:32	Von dem Tage aber und der Stunde weiß niemand… auch der Sohn nicht	NEW	Kenosis-adjacent Christological question; flag without adjudicating.
12	Abba, Father… not what I will	Ἀββᾶ ὁ πατήρ… ἀλλ᾽ οὐ τί ἐγὼ θέλω	14:36	Abba, mein Vater… doch nicht was ich will, sondern was du willst	TM-derived	Reuses Abba from Romans 8:15; the only Gospel occurrence of Jesus’ own preserved Aramaic prayer-word.
13	my God, my God, why have you forsaken me?	Ελωι ελωι λεμα σαβαχθανι… ὁ θεός μου ὁ θεός μου, εἰς τί ἐγκατέλιπές με	15:34	Eloi, Eloi, lama asabtani? Mein Gott, mein Gott, warum hast du mich verlassen?	NEW	Received substantial German theological engagement (Moltmann); flagged without adjudicating the theological resolution.
14	truly this man was the Son of God	Ἀληθῶς οὗτος ὁ ἄνθρωπος υἱὸς θεοῦ ἦν	15:39	Wahrlich, dieser Mensch ist Gottes Sohn gewesen!	NEW	The centurion’s confession; forms an inclusio with 1:1.
15	the longer ending (textual-critical note)	(16:9-20)	16:9-20	(textual-status note, not a translation term)	NEW	Widely regarded as a later addition; must be flagged transparently in teaching material.

Coverage confirmation

15 entries span the full 16-chapter sweep: chapter 1 (rows 1-2), chapter 4 (row 5), chapter 5 (row 6), chapter 7 (row 7), chapter 9 (rows 8-9), chapter 10 (row 3), chapter 12 (rows 4, 10), chapter 13 (row 11), chapters 14-15 (rows 12-14), chapter 16 (row 15). Additional parallel passages reusing Matthew-package vocabulary are documented in 07_semantic_analysis.md.