Core Glossary
Core Glossary — 2 John | English → Hungarian
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, covering the entire book of 2 John (verses 1–13). Risk tiers follow the baseline’s four-tier convention (Critical / High / Medium / Low) as defined in doctrine_risk_registry.json. Terms marked REUSED must be rendered exactly as recorded in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json; terms marked NEW are proposed additions for this curriculum’s own translation memory extension and require the same rigor before Phase 2 begins.
Status Legend
- REUSED — term/rendering already fixed in baseline Romans TM; no deviation permitted.
- NEW — term not present in baseline Romans TM; rendering proposed here for this curriculum.
- NEW (COLLISION) — new term whose proposed Hungarian rendering shares form/root with an existing baseline Critical/High term, creating a cross-doctrine confusion risk that must be actively managed in teaching notes.
| # | Term (EN) | Original (Greek) | Transliteration | Hungarian Rendering | Status | Risk | Doctrine | Primary Verses | Risk Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | truth | ἀλήθεια | alētheia | igazság | NEW (COLLISION) | Critical | Walking in Truth and Love | 1:1(×2), 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 | Same Hungarian word as baseline’s δικαιοσύνη (“righteousness,” Critical). Unavoidable in standard Hungarian Bible tradition; must be taught with explicit disambiguating notes wherever both senses could be confused (doctrinal/relational truth vs. forensic righteousness). |
| 2 | love | ἀγάπη | agapē | szeretet | NEW | High | Walking in Truth and Love | 1:1, 1:3, 1:5, 1:6 | Defined operationally in v.6 as obedience to Christ’s commandments; must not be reduced to sentiment/affection. |
| 3 | walking (conduct) | περιπατέω | peripateō | járni / élni (az igazságban járni) | NEW | Medium | Walking in Truth and Love | 1:4, 1:6 | Habitual, ongoing lifestyle term; not a single decisive act. |
| 4 | commandment(s) | ἐντολή / ἐντολαί | entolē / entolai | parancsolat(ok) | NEW | Medium-High | Walking in Truth and Love | 1:4, 1:5, 1:6 | Shares register with baseline’s High-risk “law” (törvény); must be distinguished from Mosaic Law — this is the apostolic love-command, “not new,” received “from the beginning.” |
| 5 | from the beginning | ἀπ᾿ ἀρχῆς | ap’ archēs | kezdettől fogva | NEW | Low | Walking in Truth and Love / Perseverance | 1:5, 1:6 | Refers to the start of apostolic instruction, not cosmological/eternal beginning (contrast John 1:1). |
| 6 | deceiver(s) | πλάνος / πλάνοι | planos / planoi | hitető | NEW | High | Warning against Deceivers Denying the Incarnation | 1:7 | Must retain active, culpable “leading astray” sense; not a neutral “false teacher.” |
| 7 | confess | ὁμολογέω | homologeō | vall / megvall | NEW | Critical | Warning against Deceivers Denying the Incarnation | 1:7 | Same verb family underlying Romans 10:9’s Lordship confession (“Jézus az Úr”); render with the same root so learners connect the two confession-tests (Lordship; Incarnation). |
| 8 | Jesus Christ come in the flesh | Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν ἐρχόμενον ἐν σαρκί | Iēsoun Christon erchomenon en sarki | testben eljött/megjelent Jézus Krisztus | NEW — CRITICAL LINK to baseline “incarnation” (megtestesülés) | Critical | Warning against Deceivers Denying the Incarnation | 1:7 | Render concretely/literally in-verse (“testben eljött”), not with the abstract noun “megtestesülés”; teaching notes must connect this verse to that doctrine explicitly. Never imply Christ’s humanity was apparent/temporary. |
| 9 | antichrist | ἀντίχριστος | antichristos | antikrisztus | NEW | Critical | Warning against Deceivers Denying the Incarnation | 1:7 | Technical Johannine category = one who denies the incarnation; must not collapse into generic pop-culture “villain” associations current in secular Hungarian usage. |
| 10 | reward | μισθός | misthos | jutalom | NEW | Medium | Warning against Deceivers / Perseverance | 1:8 | Reward for perseverance flowing from grace, not merit earning salvation; teach alongside baseline’s Critical grace-vs-merit fault line (Romans 4:4-5, 11:5-6). |
| 11 | watch yourselves | βλέπετε ἑαυτούς | blepete heautous | figyeljetek magatokra | NEW | Medium | Perseverance in the Teaching of Christ | 1:8 | Imperative force (command) must be preserved, not softened to a suggestion. |
| 12 | goes on ahead / transgresses | προάγων (v.l. παραβαίνων) | proagōn (v.l. parabainōn) | előre megy / túllép rajta (critical text) vs. elhajol / kihág (TR/Károli tradition) | NEW — TEXTUAL VARIANT | Medium | Perseverance in the Teaching of Christ | 1:9 | Flag base-text choice explicitly per footnote convention; older Károli-formed readers may expect the TR-based rendering. |
| 13 | abide | μένω | menō | megmarad | NEW | High | Perseverance in the Teaching of Christ | 1:2, 1:9 | Durative, relational steadfastness; render consistently across all occurrences in the letter. |
| 14 | teaching of Christ | διδαχὴ τοῦ Χριστοῦ | didachē tou Christou | Krisztus tanítása | NEW | Critical | Perseverance in the Teaching of Christ | 1:9, 1:10 | Preserve the Greek’s genitive ambiguity (teaching about/from Christ) rather than resolving it. Central term naming this curriculum’s fourth doctrine. |
| 15 | Father / Son (of the Father) | Πατήρ / Υἱός | Patēr / Huios | Atya / Fiú (az Atya Fia) | REUSED FROM ROMANS TM | Critical | Sonship of Christ / Perseverance | 1:3, 1:9 | Reuse baseline’s “Atya” and “Isten Fia” doctrine exactly; do not introduce a new title. |
| 16 | receive into your house | λαμβάνετε εἰς οἰκίαν | lambanete eis oikian | befogad a házba | NEW | Medium-High | Hospitality and Doctrinal Discernment | 1:10 | Ancient hospitality = formal endorsement + material support of a traveling teacher, not mere social politeness; cultural background note required. |
| 17 | greeting (formal) | χαίρειν | chairein | köszönt / üdvözlet | NEW | Medium | Hospitality and Doctrinal Discernment | 1:10, 1:11 | Withholding greeting = withholding public doctrinal legitimization, not rudeness. |
| 18 | shares/takes part in (evil) | κοινωνέω | koinōneō | részessé válik / osztozik | NEW (FALSE-FRIEND WARNING) | High | Hospitality and Doctrinal Discernment | 1:11 | Shares root with baseline’s positively-valenced “fellowship” (κοινωνία → közösség, Low risk). Do NOT use “közösség”-based phrasing here; that word must stay reserved for positive fellowship in Christ. Use a neutral/negative-capable verb instead. |
| 19 | evil/wicked works | ἔργα πονηρά | erga ponēra | gonosz cselekedetek | NEW | Medium | Hospitality and Doctrinal Discernment | 1:11 | Doctrinal error classified as moral evil, not neutral disagreement; do not soften. |
| 20 | elder | πρεσβύτερος | presbyteros | presbiter | NEW (COLLISION) | High | (Authorial self-designation) | 1:1 | Collides with the Hungarian Reformed Church’s specific institutional lay-elder office (“presbiter” in the presbytérium). Teaching note must clarify John’s usage denotes personal apostolic-era authority, not that later church office. Catholic readers lack this frame entirely, widening the gap between the two audiences’ default associations. |
| 21 | elect lady / elect sister | ἐκλεκτῇ κυρίᾳ / τῆς ἐκλεκτῆς (ἀδελφῆς) | eklektē kyria / tēs eklektēs | kiválasztott asszony / kiválasztott (nőtestvér) | NEW (COLLISION) | High | (Epistolary address) | 1:1, 1:13 | Shares root with baseline’s Critical “election” (kiválasztás) term, central to the Romans 9-11 Reformed/Catholic predestination fault line. Must be taught as an affectionate, non-technical epistolary address, not a deployment of that systematic doctrine. |
| 22 | lady | κυρία | kyria | asszony | NEW (AVOIDED COLLISION) | Medium | (Epistolary address) | 1:1, 1:5 | Deliberately rendered “asszony,” NOT “úrnő,” to avoid resonance with baseline’s Critical “Lord” (Úr) title. Referent ambiguity (literal woman vs. personified church) should be preserved, not resolved, in translation. |
| 23 | children | τέκνα | tekna | gyermekek | NEW | Low | (Congregational address) | 1:1, 1:4, 1:13 | Pastoral/congregational sense; does not require invoking baseline’s “adoption” doctrine. |
| 24 | grace | χάρις | charis | kegyelem | REUSED FROM ROMANS TM | Critical | Grace | 1:3 | Reuse exactly; full baseline Reformed/Catholic grace-fault-line notes apply. |
| 25 | mercy | ἔλεος | eleos | irgalom | NEW | Medium-High | (Epistolary greeting triad) | 1:3 | Distinct from χάρις; note Hungarian Catholic devotional resonance (“Isteni Irgalmasság”/Divine Mercy) not shared equally by Reformed readers. Lower risk than grace since not tied to a contested systematic doctrine. |
| 26 | peace | εἰρήνη | eirēnē | béke | REUSED FROM ROMANS TM | Medium | Peace with God | 1:3 | Reuse exactly. |
| 27 | known the truth | ἐγνωκότες τὴν ἀλήθειαν | egnōkotes tēn alētheian | megismerték az igazságot | NEW | Low-Medium | Walking in Truth and Love | 1:1 | Preserve perfect-tense sense: settled, abiding, experiential knowledge, not mere current opinion. |
| 28 | forever | εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα | eis ton aiōna | mindörökké / örökké | NEW | Low | Walking in Truth and Love | 1:2 | Standard idiom for perpetuity. |
| 29 | world | κόσμος | kosmos | világ | NEW | Low-Medium | Warning against Deceivers | 1:7 | Standard; the sphere into which deceivers “have gone out,” echoing wider Johannine world/kosmos usage. |
| 30 | paper and ink | χάρτης καὶ μέλαν | chartēs kai melan | papír és tinta | NEW | Low | (Epistolary closing) | 1:12 | Cultural note only (papyrus, not modern paper); no doctrinal weight. |
| 31 | mouth to mouth (face to face) | στόμα πρὸς στόμα | stoma pros stoma | szemtől szembe / négyszemközt | NEW (IDIOM) | Low | (Epistolary closing) | 1:12 | Idiom; do not translate literally. |
| 32 | joy fulfilled | ἡ χαρὰ πεπληρωμένη | hē chara peplērōmenē | teljes öröm / örömünk teljessé legyen | NEW | Low | (Epistolary closing) | 1:12 | Standard Johannine “full joy” language; low risk. |
| 33 | greets (you) | ἀσπάζομαι | aspazomai | köszönt / üdvözöl | NEW | Low | (Epistolary closing) | 1:13 | Standard closing convention. |
Risk Summary (2 John, Full Book)
| Risk Tier | Count | Review Routing (per baseline convention) |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 6 | Human theologian (terms #1, #7, #8, #9, #14, plus reused #24 grace) |
| High | 8 | Human theologian (#2, #6, #13, #18, #20, #21, and reused #15 concept level; #26 stays Medium per baseline) |
| Medium / Medium-High | 12 | Native speaker review |
| Low | 7 | Automated review |
Notes for Phase 2 Translation Memory Extension
- All REUSED terms (truth-adjacent “igazság” collision aside, which is a new term) must be pulled verbatim from the baseline Romans
translation_memory.json: kegyelem (grace), béke (peace), Atya (Father), and the Isten Fia Sonship doctrine concept. - All NEW terms in this glossary should be added to a curriculum-specific extension of translation memory before Phase 2 segment translation begins, following the version-increment procedure specified in the baseline
12_ai_translation_requirements.md. - Terms flagged (COLLISION) — igazság/truth vs. righteousness; presbiter/elder vs. Reformed church office; kiválasztott/elect (personal address) vs. kiválasztás/election doctrine; κοινωνέω/shares-in-evil vs. közösség/fellowship — require mandatory translator notes at every occurrence per the baseline’s footnote requirement, flagged for human theologian review regardless of the term’s own individually assigned risk tier, because the risk arises from cross-reference confusion with an already-established Critical/High baseline doctrine rather than from the term’s inherent meaning alone.
Critical Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: kegyelem
Transliteration: charis
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: kegyelem mint érdemek által gyarapítható, szentségek közvetítette adomány (tridenti értelmezés)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE, rendering unchanged. Opens the 2 John 1:3 grace/mercy/peace epistolary greeting triad. Full baseline Reformed (irresistible, monergistic) vs. Catholic (infused, merit-cooperated) grace fault-line notes apply identically here; do not resolve in either direction.
Father
Approved rendering: Atya
Transliteration: patēr
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family / Abiding Union with the Father and the Son
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE, rendering unchanged. Appears in 2 John 1:3 (greeting triad’s source) and 1:9 (one of the two divine Persons possessed by the one who abides in Christ’s teaching). No new title introduced.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: Isten Fia
Transliteration: huios theou
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Isten fia általános értelemben, minden hívőre alkalmazva
Original: υἱὸς τοῦ Πατρός / ὁ Υἱός
Category: Christology
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE, rendering unchanged. This is the underlying systematic doctrine name; 2 John’s own text uses the contextual variant ‘Fiú’ / ‘az Atya Fia’ (see son_of_the_father entry below) rather than the full phrase ‘Isten Fia’ in-verse. Both must be taught as naming the identical Critical doctrine: eternal, unique, co-equal divine Sonship, never adoptive or honorary.
Son Of The Father
Approved rendering: Fiú / az Atya Fia
Transliteration: ho Huios / tou Huiou tou Patros
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Fiú mint hívőkre alkalmazott örökbefogadói értelemben (összemosás az ‘Isten gyermekei’ fogalommal)
NEW (contextual variant of the inherited ‘son_of_god’ doctrine). 2 John 1:3 names Christ ‘az Atya Fia’ in the greeting; 1:9 names ‘a Fiú’ alongside ‘az Atya’ as one of the two divine Persons possessed by the one abiding in Christ’s teaching. Render ‘Fiú’ / ‘az Atya Fia’ consistently at both occurrences; never introduce a separate title distinct from the baseline’s Isten Fia Sonship doctrine, and never let this read as the adoptive ‘Isten gyermekei’ status Romans 8 applies to believers.
Lord
Approved rendering: Úr
Transliteration: kyrios
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE, rendering unchanged. Not used directly in 2 John’s text, but referenced here because it governs the mandatory rejection of ‘úrnő’ (feminine cognate of Úr) as a rendering of κυρία (‘lady,’ 2 John 1:1, 1:5); see ‘lady’ entry below. Retained in this file so Phase 2 workers can verify the collision-avoidance rule against the actual baseline term.
Election
Approved rendering: kiválasztás
Transliteration: eklogē
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: kiválasztás, mely emberi együttműködés nélkül értelmezhetetlen (szinergista olvasat kényszerítése), kiválasztás mint szabad akarat nélküli, vak végzet (fatalista félreolvasás)
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE, rendering unchanged. Not used directly in 2 John, but retained here because ‘kiválasztott asszony’ / ‘kiválasztott (nőtestvér)’ (2 John 1:1, 1:13) shares this exact root and risks importing the full Romans 9-11 Reformed/Catholic predestination systematic weight onto a personal, affectionate epistolary address. See ‘elect_address’ entry below.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: igazság
Transliteration: dikaiosynē
Doctrine: Salvation
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE, rendering unchanged. Retained here because it is the identical Hungarian word required for 2 John’s own controlling term ἀλήθεια (‘truth,’ see ‘truth’ entry below). This is a structural, unavoidable lexical collision; every 2 John lesson using ‘igazság’ for truth must carry a disambiguating note distinguishing it from this forensic-righteousness sense.
Jesus
Approved rendering: Jézus
Transliteration: Iēsous / Yeshua
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE, rendering unchanged. Appears in 2 John 1:7’s confession-test phrase, ‘testben eljött Jézus Krisztus.‘
God
Approved rendering: Isten
Transliteration: theos / Elohim / YHWH
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE, rendering unchanged. Appears in 2 John 1:9’s binary claim (‘does not have God … has the Father and the Son’).
Truth
Approved rendering: igazság
Transliteration: alētheia
Doctrine: Walking in Truth
Rejected alternatives: igazság kizárólag mint jogi/formai megigazulás (a Róma-beli ‘igazság’/δικαιοσύνη jelentés összemosása)
Original: ἀλήθεια
Category: Truth and Love
NEW (COLLISION with inherited ‘righteousness’). Five occurrences in 1:1-4 alone. Must be taught, at every occurrence, as received apostolic content and persevering relational faithfulness to it — never as forensic justification/righteousness. Mandatory disambiguating translator note required at every occurrence in vv.1-4.
Confess
Approved rendering: vall / megvall
Transliteration: homologeō (mē homologountes)
Doctrine: Confession of Christ’s Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: hisz / gondol (elveszti a nyilvános, döntő hitvallás jellegét)
Original: ὁμολογέω (μὴ ὁμολογοῦντες)
Category: Christology
NEW, but MUST share the same verb root the baseline uses for Romans 10:9’s Lordship confession (‘Jézus az Úr’), so learners recognize this as the same category of decisive, public doctrinal confession, here as a negative test.
Jesus Christ Come In Flesh
Approved rendering: testben eljött Jézus Krisztus
Transliteration: Iēsoun Christon erchomenon en sarki
Doctrine: Warning against Deceivers Denying the Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: megtestesülés (elvont doktrínanév, nem a vers szintű konkrét hitvallás), Krisztus szellemi/látszat megjelenése (dokéta félreolvasás)
Original: Ἰησοῦν Χριστὸν ἐρχόμενον ἐν σαρκί
Category: Christology
NEW, CRITICAL LINK to inherited ‘incarnation’ doctrine. Render concretely in-verse; never imply mere apparent/temporary manifestation of Christ’s humanity.
Antichrist
Approved rendering: antikrisztus
Transliteration: antichristos
Doctrine: The Antichrist
Rejected alternatives: Krisztus ellensége (elveszti a technikai jánosi kategóriát), általános popkulturális gonosz alak
Original: ἀντίχριστος
Category: Christology
NEW. Technical Johannine category = one who denies the incarnation. Hungarian secular/conspiracy culture has diluted the term into a generic villain; must be corrected explicitly in teaching notes at every occurrence.
Teaching Of Christ
Approved rendering: Krisztus tanítása
Transliteration: didachē tou Christou
Doctrine: Perseverance in the Teaching of Christ
Rejected alternatives: kizárólag ‘Krisztusról szóló tanítás’ (a genitivus szűkítése), kizárólag ‘Krisztustól származó tanítás’ (a genitivus szűkítése)
Original: διδαχὴ τοῦ Χριστοῦ
Category: Perseverance
NEW. Preserve the Greek genitive’s inherent ambiguity (teaching about/from Christ) rather than resolving it; render identically at both occurrences (1:9, 1:10) to sustain the perseverance/hospitality logical link.
High Risk Terms
Law
Approved rendering: törvény
Transliteration: nomos
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE, rendering unchanged. Not used directly in 2 John, but retained here because ‘parancsolat(ok)’ (commandment, 2 John 1:4-6) must be taught as distinct from this Mosaic-Law term and from the Reformed ‘threefold use of the law’ (törvény hármas haszna) systematic framework built on it.
Obedience Of Faith
Approved rendering: hitből fakadó engedelmesség
Transliteration: hypakoē pisteōs
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Rejected alternatives: törvény szerinti engedelmesség, hit nélkül
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE, rendering unchanged. Not used directly in 2 John, but retained as the interpretive model for 2 John’s ‘command to love one another’ (1:5-6): love-as-obedience flowing from received apostolic teaching, not law-compliance considered independently of that teaching.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: megtestesülés
Transliteration: ho logos sarx egeneto
Doctrine: Incarnation
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE, rendering unchanged. This is the abstract doctrinal noun; 2 John 1:7’s verse-level confession must use the concrete phrase ‘testben eljött Jézus Krisztus’ instead (see ‘jesus_christ_come_in_flesh’ entry below), with teaching notes explicitly cross-referencing this doctrine name so learners connect but do not merge the two registers.
Love
Approved rendering: szeretet
Transliteration: agapē
Doctrine: Command to Love One Another
Rejected alternatives: szeretet mint puszta érzelmi melegség, engedelmesség nélkül
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Truth and Love
NEW. Defined operationally in v.6 as obedience to Christ’s commandments. Must be taught alongside ‘igazság’ as the letter’s paired thematic terms (vv.1, 3); risk is sentimentalizing into mere emotional warmth, losing the obedience link.
Commandment
Approved rendering: parancsolat(ok)
Transliteration: entolē / entolai
Doctrine: Command to Love One Another
Rejected alternatives: mózesi törvény szerinti parancs (a törvény hármas haszna keretében), új, korábban ismeretlen parancs
Original: ἐντολή / ἐντολαί
Category: Truth and Love
NEW. Shares register with the inherited High-risk ‘törvény’ (law) but must be distinguished: this is the apostolic love-command, explicitly ‘not new,’ received ‘from the beginning’ (v.5).
Deceiver
Approved rendering: hitető
Transliteration: planos / planoi
Doctrine: Warning against Deceivers Denying the Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: hamis tanító (elveszti a szándékos félrevezetés értelmét), csaló (kereskedelmi csalás irányába tolja el a jelentést)
Original: πλάνος / πλάνοι
Category: Christology
NEW. Must retain active, culpable ‘leading astray’ sense; not a neutral ‘false teacher.‘
Reward
Approved rendering: jutalom
Transliteration: misthos
Doctrine: Reward for Perseverance
Rejected alternatives: kizárólag kiérdemelt üdvösség (tridenti értelemben), kizárólag ellenállhatatlan kegyelem gyümölcse, emberi felelősség kizárásával (egyoldalú szigorú kálvinista olvasat)
Original: μισθός
Category: Perseverance
NEW. Term-level risk Medium per the core glossary, but elevated to High here because the doctrine (‘Reward for Perseverance’) intersects directly with the inherited Critical grace-vs-merit fault line (Romans 4:4-5; 11:5-6) and is flagged for human theologian review at the doctrine level.
Abide
Approved rendering: megmarad
Transliteration: menō
Doctrine: Perseverance in the Teaching of Christ
Rejected alternatives: passzív ‘nem távozás’ (a jánosi kapcsolati ‘megmaradás’ elvesztése)
Original: μένω (μένων, μένουσαν)
Category: Perseverance
NEW. Durative, relational steadfastness (cf. John 15); render identically at every occurrence (1:2, 1:9).
Receive Into House
Approved rendering: befogad a házba
Transliteration: lambanete eis oikian
Doctrine: Hospitality and Doctrinal Discernment
Rejected alternatives: puszta társasági udvariasság, doktrinális jelentés nélkül
Original: λαμβάνετε εἰς οἰκίαν
Category: Hospitality and Discernment
NEW. Ancient hospitality to a traveling teacher = public doctrinal endorsement + material support, not mere social courtesy; mandatory cultural-background note required.
Shares In Evil
Approved rendering: részessé válik / osztozik
Transliteration: koinōnei
Doctrine: Complicity in False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: közösséget vállal / közösségben van (összemosás a pozitív ‘közösség’/κοινωνία szóval)
Original: κοινωνέω (κοινωνεῖ)
Category: Hospitality and Discernment
NEW — FALSE-FRIEND WARNING. Do NOT render using any ‘közösség’-rooted phrase; that word is reserved for positive, Spirit-given fellowship in Christ (see inherited ‘fellowship’ entry). Mandatory translator note at every occurrence explaining the deliberate root-break.
Elder
Approved rendering: presbiter
Transliteration: presbyteros
Doctrine: Apostolic Eldership
Rejected alternatives: elöljáró (SZIT Catholic edition’s deliberate avoidance; breaks continuity with the Károli/RÚF tradition), vén (archaikus, kevésbé áttekinthető)
Original: πρεσβύτερος
Category: Ecclesiology and Epistolary Address
NEW — COLLISION. Collides with the Hungarian Reformed Church’s active, contemporary lay-elder office (presbytérium/consistory). Mandatory translator note at 1:1 clarifying John’s usage denotes personal apostolic-era authority, not that modern office; Catholic readers lack an equivalent frame entirely, widening the confessional gap.
Elect Address
Approved rendering: kiválasztott asszony / kiválasztott (nőtestvér)
Transliteration: eklektē kyria / tēs adelphēs sou tēs eklektēs
Doctrine: Affectionate Election Address
Rejected alternatives: kiválasztott mint a szisztematikus predestinációs tanítás alkalmazása egy személyre
Original: ἐκλεκτῇ κυρίᾳ / τῆς ἀδελφῆς σου τῆς ἐκλεκτῆς
Category: Ecclesiology and Epistolary Address
NEW — COLLISION with inherited ‘election’ (kiválasztás). Mandatory translator note at both occurrences (1:1, 1:13) distinguishing this affectionate, non-technical address from the Romans 9-11 election/predestination doctrine. Referent ambiguity (individual woman vs. personified congregation) must be preserved, not resolved.
Mercy
Approved rendering: irgalom
Transliteration: eleos
Doctrine: Grace, Mercy, and Peace Greeting
Rejected alternatives: irgalom kizárólag az Isteni Irgalmasság-áhítat (Faustina-kultusz) kontextusában értve
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Salvation
NEW. Distinct from χάρις/kegyelem. Elevated to High given the asymmetric Hungarian Catholic devotional resonance (‘Isteni Irgalmasság’/Divine Mercy, Saint Faustina Kowalska devotion) not shared equally by Reformed readers; teach the letter’s plain epistolary usage distinctly from that devotional movement.
Medium Risk Terms
Peace
Approved rendering: béke
Transliteration: eirēnē
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE, rendering unchanged. Third term of the 2 John 1:3 greeting triad.
Walking
Approved rendering: járni (az igazságban) / élni
Transliteration: peripateō
Doctrine: Walking in Truth
Rejected alternatives: egyszeri hitvallási aktus, folytatólagos magatartás helyett
Original: περιπατέω
Category: Truth and Love
NEW. Habitual, ongoing lifestyle conformity, not a single decisive act. Render consistently at 1:4 and 1:6.
Watch Yourselves
Approved rendering: figyeljetek magatokra
Transliteration: blepete heautous
Doctrine: Reward for Perseverance
Rejected alternatives: általános bátorítás, felszólító erő nélkül
Original: βλέπετε ἑαυτούς
Category: Perseverance
NEW. Preserve imperative command force; do not soften to a suggestion.
Goes On Ahead
Approved rendering: előre megy / túllép rajta (kritikai szöveg); elhajol / kihág (TR/Károli hagyomány)
Transliteration: proagōn (v.l. parabainōn)
Doctrine: Textual Continuity of Apostolic Teaching
Rejected alternatives: kizárólag a kritikai szöveg olvasata a Textus Receptus/Károli hagyomány elhagyásával, kizárólag a Textus Receptus olvasata a modern kritikai szöveg elhagyásával
Original: προάγων (v.l. παραβαίνων)
Category: Perseverance
NEW — TEXTUAL VARIANT. Flag base-text choice explicitly per footnote convention at every occurrence (v.9); do not silently harmonize to one tradition’s expected wording.
Greeting
Approved rendering: köszönt / üdvözlet
Transliteration: chairein
Doctrine: Hospitality and Doctrinal Discernment
Rejected alternatives: hétköznapi, súly nélküli köszönés
Original: χαίρειν
Category: Hospitality and Discernment
NEW. Withholding χαίρειν = withholding public, formal legitimization, not mere impoliteness.
Evil Works
Approved rendering: gonosz cselekedetek
Transliteration: erga ponēra
Doctrine: Complicity in False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: semleges véleménykülönbség (a doktrinális hiba erkölcsi súlyának elvesztése)
Original: ἔργα πονηρά
Category: Hospitality and Discernment
NEW. Doctrinal error is classified as an ‘evil work,’ not a neutral intellectual disagreement; do not soften.
Lady
Approved rendering: asszony
Transliteration: kyria
Doctrine: Affectionate Election Address
Rejected alternatives: úrnő (ütközés az inherited ‘Úr’/κύριος krisztológiai címmel)
Original: κυρία
Category: Ecclesiology and Epistolary Address
NEW — AVOIDED COLLISION. Deliberately rendered ‘asszony,’ never ‘úrnő,’ to avoid resonance with the inherited Critical ‘Úr’ title. Also avoid any Marian-devotional-adjacent term (‘hölgy,’ ‘Boldogasszony’-type constructions).
Known The Truth
Approved rendering: megismerték az igazságot
Transliteration: egnōkotes tēn alētheian
Doctrine: Known Truth as Community Identity
Rejected alternatives: egyszeri múltbeli megismerés, folytatódó hatás nélkül
Original: ἐγνωκότες τὴν ἀλήθειαν
Category: Truth and Love
NEW. Preserve the perfect-tense sense of settled, abiding, communal knowledge.
World
Approved rendering: világ
Transliteration: kosmos
Doctrine: The World as the Sphere of Doctrinal Deception
Rejected alternatives: semleges földrajzi/politikai értelmű ‘világ,’ jánosi erkölcsi töltet nélkül
Original: κόσμος
Category: Christology
NEW. Carries the Johannine moral-spiritual charge of a realm opposed to God; must not be flattened to a neutral geographic/political sense.
Low Risk Terms
Fellowship
Approved rendering: közösség
Transliteration: koinōnia
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE, rendering unchanged. Retained here specifically to enforce the mandatory prohibition on using this word or any of its derivatives to render κοινωνέω in 2 John 1:11 (‘shares/takes part in [evil]’), which shares the same Greek root but must NOT be lexically linked in Hungarian. See ‘shares_in_evil’ entry below.
From The Beginning
Approved rendering: kezdettől fogva
Transliteration: ap’ archēs
Doctrine: Command to Love One Another
Rejected alternatives: a kozmológiai/örök ‘kezdet’ (János 1:1 értelmében)
Original: ἀπ᾿ ἀρχῆς
Category: Truth and Love
NEW. Refers to the start of the recipients’ apostolic instruction, not the cosmological/eternal beginning of John 1:1 or Genesis 1:1.
Children
Approved rendering: gyermekek
Transliteration: tekna
Doctrine: Affectionate Election Address
Original: τέκνα
Category: Ecclesiology and Epistolary Address
NEW. Pastoral/congregational address; does not require invoking the baseline’s ‘adoption’ (örökbefogadás) doctrine.
Forever
Approved rendering: mindörökké / örökké
Transliteration: eis ton aiōna
Doctrine: Known Truth as Community Identity
Original: εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα
Category: Truth and Love
NEW. Standard idiom for perpetuity, underscoring the permanence of apostolic truth.
Paper And Ink
Approved rendering: papír és tinta
Transliteration: chartēs kai melan
Doctrine: Joy in Christian Fellowship (Epistolary Closing)
Original: χάρτης καὶ μέλαν
Category: Epistolary Convention
NEW. χάρτης is a papyrus sheet, not modern paper; cultural note only, no doctrinal weight.
Mouth To Mouth
Approved rendering: szemtől szembe / négyszemközt
Transliteration: stoma pros stoma
Doctrine: Joy in Christian Fellowship (Epistolary Closing)
Rejected alternatives: szájtól szájig (természetellenes szó szerinti fordítás)
Original: στόμα πρὸς στόμα
Category: Epistolary Convention
NEW — IDIOM. Do not translate literally; use the natural Hungarian idiom for direct, personal presence.
Joy Fulfilled
Approved rendering: teljes öröm / örömünk teljessé legyen
Transliteration: hē chara hēmōn peplērōmenē
Doctrine: Joy in Christian Fellowship (Epistolary Closing)
Original: ἡ χαρὰ ἡμῶν πεπληρωμένη
Category: Epistolary Convention
NEW. Echoes wider Johannine ‘full joy’ language (John 15:11; 1 John 1:4).
Greets
Approved rendering: köszönt / üdvözöl
Transliteration: aspazetai se
Doctrine: Joy in Christian Fellowship (Epistolary Closing)
Original: ἀσπάζεταί σε
Category: Epistolary Convention
NEW. Standard conventional epistolary closing greeting.
Referenced passages