Core Glossary
Core Glossary — 2 Peter — English → Hungarian
This glossary extends the baseline Romans translation_memory.json for the 2 Peter curriculum. Terms marked Baseline reuse carry over the exact recorded Hungarian rendering and risk tier from the Romans Language Package and MUST NOT be altered. Terms marked New are proposed additions for this curriculum, to be added to translation memory (with version increment) before Phase 2 processing begins, per the 12_ai_translation_requirements.md new-term protocol. Every chapter of 2 Peter (1, 2, 3) is represented below.
A. Baseline Terms Reused Exactly (no changes permitted)
| Term (English) | Greek | Hungarian (from baseline TM) | Risk | Doctrine | 2 Peter occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| grace | χάρις | kegyelem | Critical | Grace | 1:2; 3:18 |
| faith | πίστις | hit | High | Faith | 1:1, 5 |
| righteousness | δικαιοσύνη | igazság | Critical | Salvation | 1:1; 2:5, 21; 3:13 |
| apostle | ἀπόστολος | apostol | Low | Apostleship | 1:1; 3:2 |
| called / calling | κλητός / κλῆσις | elhívott / elhívás | Critical/High | Divine Calling | 1:3, 10 |
| election | ἐκλογή | kiválasztás | Critical | Effectual Calling | 1:10 |
| holy | ἅγιος | szent | Medium/High | Sanctification | 1:18; 2:21; 3:2, 11 |
| sanctification (concept) | ἁγιασμός (cf. καθαρισμός) | megszentelődés | High | Sanctification | contextual, 1:9 |
| glory | δόξα | dicsőség | High | Deity of Christ | 1:3, 17 (×2); 2:10; 3:18 |
| power_of_god (root) | δύναμις | erő (root) | Medium | Power of God for Salvation | 1:16 (paired with new term “divine power”) |
| prophet | προφήτης | próféta | Low | Inspiration of Scripture | 1:19-21; 2:16; 3:2 |
| prophecy | προφητεία | prófécia | Low | Fulfillment of Prophecy / Inspiration of Scripture | 1:20-21 |
| peace | εἰρήνη | béke | Medium | Peace with God | 1:2; 3:14 |
| lord | κύριος | Úr | Critical | Lordship of Christ | 1:2, 8, 11, 14, 16; 2:1, 9, 11, 20; 3:2, 8-10, 15, 18 |
| jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jézus | Critical | Lordship of Christ | throughout |
| god | Θεός | Isten | Critical | Deity of Christ | throughout |
| holy_spirit | Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον | Szentlélek | Critical | Sanctification / Inspiration of Scripture | 1:21 |
| father | Πατήρ | Atya | Critical | Adoption / Deity of Christ | 1:17 |
| son_of_god | Υἱὸς θεοῦ | Isten Fia | Critical | Sonship of Christ | 1:17 (“my beloved Son”) |
| salvation | σωτηρία | üdvösség | Critical | Salvation | 3:15 |
| sin | ἁμαρτία | bűn | Medium | Universal Human Accountability | 1:9; 2:4, 14 |
| kingdom_of_god (root) | βασιλεία | Isten országa (root) | Medium | Kingdom Mission | 1:11 (“eternal kingdom”) |
| fellowship (root) | κοινωνία / κοινωνός | közösség (root) | Low | Christian Fellowship | 1:4 (κοινωνός) |
B. New Terms Proposed for This Curriculum
| Term (English gloss) | Greek / Transliteration | Hungarian rendering | Risk | Doctrine (curriculum) | Chapter(s) | Translation risk notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Savior | Σωτήρ / Sōtēr | Üdvözítő | Critical | Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption / Deity of Christ | 1:1, 11; 2:20; 3:2, 18 | ”Our God and Savior Jesus Christ” is a single-referent construction affirming Christ’s full deity; Hungarian rendering must not permit a two-persons misreading. Render identically at every occurrence. |
| servant/bondservant | δοῦλος / doulos | szolga | Medium | (supports Apostleship) | 1:1 | Modern Hungarian “szolga” risks a menial connotation; gloss as an honorific self-designation of total ownership by Christ. |
| knowledge (full/relational) | ἐπίγνωσις / epignōsis | megismerés | Critical | Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption / Growing in Christian Virtue | 1:2, 3, 8; 2:20 | Must not evoke the Hungarian esoteric loanword “gnózis” or any secret/elite-knowledge connotation; is relational, salvation-bearing knowledge of God and Christ. Distinguish consistently from γνῶσις (“ismeret,” below). |
| knowledge (general) | γνῶσις / gnōsis | ismeret | Medium | Growing in Christian Virtue | 1:5-6; 3:18 | Keep visibly distinct from ἐπίγνωσις (“megismerés”) so the letter’s two related knowledge-terms are not collapsed into one Hungarian word. |
| divine power | θεία δύναμις / theia dynamis | isteni erő | High | Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption | 1:3 | Distinct from baseline power_of_god (“Isten ereje,” Romans 1:16’s gospel-advancing power); here God’s power supplying all resources for godly living. Keep phrases distinguishable. |
| godliness | εὐσέβεια / eusebeia | kegyesség | High | Growing in Christian Virtue | 1:3, 6-7; 3:11 | Phonetically/visually close to “kegyelem” (grace) though etymologically unrelated in Greek; confirm visible distinction in all contexts to prevent reader confusion. |
| virtue / excellence | ἀρετή / aretē | erény | Medium | Growing in Christian Virtue | 1:3, 5 | Anchors the virtue-chain doctrine; standard, low-ambiguity Hungarian word. |
| promises | ἐπαγγέλματα / ἐπαγγελία | ígéretek / ígéret | Medium | Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption / Certainty of Christ’s Return | 1:4; 3:4, 9 | Standard term; keep consistent across both noun forms (plural ἐπαγγέλματα, singular ἐπαγγελία). |
| divine nature | θεία φύσις / theia physis | isteni természet | Critical | Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption | 1:4 | Highest-risk term in the book: must not be read as self-divinization/ontological merger with God (a real risk given New Age/esoteric discourse reach into Hungarian culture). Denotes moral/relational Christlikeness through the Spirit, affirmed (with differing technical vocabulary) across Catholic, Orthodox-influenced, and Reformed Hungarian readings alike — teach as shared ground, not a fault line. |
| partaker | κοινωνός / koinōnos | részes / részesévé válik | Medium | Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption | 1:4 | Shares root with baseline fellowship (“közösség”); low lexical risk. |
| corruption | φθορά / phthora | romlás | High | Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption / False Teachers and Their Judgment | 1:4; 2:12, 19 | Spans moral and physical decay senses; render consistently across all three occurrences so the “escape corruption” (1:4) / “slaves of corruption” (2:19) inclusio is visible to Hungarian readers. |
| lust / evil desire | ἐπιθυμία / epithymia | kívánság / gonosz kívánság | Medium | False Teachers and Their Judgment | 1:4; 2:10, 18; 3:3 | Context (usually with “world,” “flesh,” or “defiling”) must make the negative sense unambiguous; avoid a neutral “wish”-type rendering. |
| diligence | σπουδή / spoudē | igyekezet | Low | Growing in Christian Virtue | 1:5 | Standard term. |
| self-control | ἐγκράτεια / egkrateia | önuralom | Medium | Growing in Christian Virtue | 1:6 | Standard term. |
| steadfastness / endurance | ὑπομονή / hypomonē | állhatatosság | Medium | Growing in Christian Virtue | 1:6 | Keep distinct from μακροθυμία (“hosszútűrés/türelem,” ch. 3) so personal endurance under trial is not conflated with God’s own patient forbearance. |
| brotherly kindness | φιλαδελφία / philadelphia | testvéri szeretet | Low | Growing in Christian Virtue | 1:7 | Standard term. |
| love | ἀγάπη / agapē | szeretet | Medium | Growing in Christian Virtue | 1:7 | New foundational term not present in the baseline Romans package; propose formal addition to the shared cross-curriculum Language Package. Lexically unambiguous in Hungarian. |
| cleansing | καθαρισμός / katharismos | megtisztulás | Medium | Growing in Christian Virtue / Sanctification | 1:9 | Related to but not identical with baseline sanctification; refers to conversion-cleansing from past sins. |
| myths / fables | μῦθοι / mythoi | mítoszok / kitalált mesék | Medium-High | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | 1:16 | Must convey “fabricated story,” not a complimentary “beautiful legend,” given Hungarian folk-mythological connotations of “mítosz.” |
| coming / Second Coming | παρουσία / parousia | eljövetel | Critical | Certainty of Christ’s Return | 1:16; 3:4, 12 | Must consistently denote Christ’s future, visible, bodily return; guard against a “spiritualized-only” reading. Render identically at all three occurrences. |
| eyewitness | ἐπόπτης / epoptēs | szemtanú | Low | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | 1:16 | Standard, unambiguous legal/everyday Hungarian term. |
| majesty | μεγαλειότης / megaleiotēs | felség / méltóság | Medium | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture / Deity of Christ | 1:16 | ”Felség” carries royal-honor associations; note this is Christ’s own intrinsic divine majesty. |
| honor | τιμή / timē | tisztesség | Low | Deity of Christ | 1:17 | Standard term; keep distinguishable from δόξα (“dicsőség”). |
| the Majestic Glory (title for God) | μεγαλοπρεπὴς δόξα / megaloprepēs doxa | a Felséges Dicsőség | Critical | Deity of Christ | 1:17 | A reverential circumlocution/title for God himself; preserve capitalized, name-like register. |
| prophetic word | προφητικὸς λόγος / prophētikos logos | prófétai szó/ige | High | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | 1:19 | Root terms are baseline-adjacent (próféta/prófécia), but this specific phrase’s argumentative link to eyewitness testimony (1:16-18) must survive translation intact. |
| more fully confirmed | βεβαιότερον / bebaioteron | megerősített / bizonyosabb | Medium | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | 1:19 | Genuinely ambiguous comparative construction; flag for native-speaker/theologian review per ambiguity-handling protocol. |
| lamp | λύχνος / lychnos | lámpás | Low | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | 1:19 | Standard metaphor. |
| morning star | φωσφόρος / phōsphoros | hajnalcsillag | Medium | Certainty of Christ’s Return | 1:19 | Must not be associated with the separate Western “Lucifer” tradition (Isaiah 14:12 KJV); this is a positive image of Christ’s dawning glory. |
| prophecy of Scripture | προφητεία γραφῆς / prophēteia graphēs | az Írás próféciája | Critical | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | 1:20 | Central anchor phrase for this doctrine; align with baseline doctrine name “a Szentírás ihletettsége.” |
| private/one’s own interpretation | ἰδίας ἐπιλύσεως / idias epilyseōs | saját magyarázat | Critical | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | 1:20 | Genuine Catholic-Reformed collision point (historically cited on both sides re: individual vs. magisterial interpretive authority). Translate the verse’s actual claim (prophets did not originate their message from themselves) without settling the broader interpretive-authority question. Route to human theologian review at every occurrence. |
| carried along (by the Spirit) | φερόμενοι / pheromenoi | a Szentlélektől indíttatva / vitetve | Critical | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | 1:21 | Must avoid both mechanical-dictation and merely-human-insight misreadings; preserves verbal, plenary inspiration without erasing human authorship. |
| false prophets | ψευδοπροφῆται / pseudoprophētai | hamis próféták | High | False Teachers and Their Judgment | 2:1 | Anchors the doctrine; keep visually distinct from but rooted in baseline “próféta.” |
| false teachers | ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι / pseudodidaskaloi | hamis tanítók | High | False Teachers and Their Judgment | 2:1 | Same doctrine. |
| destructive heresies | αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας / haireseis apōleias | kárhozatos eretnekségek | High | False Teachers and Their Judgment | 2:1 | ”Eretnekség” carries heavy Reformation-era intra-Hungarian polemical weight; footnote the NT sense (destructive false teaching within the church) to prevent confessional misuse. |
| bought / redeemed | ἀγοράσαντα / agorasanta | megvásárolt / megváltott | Critical | False Teachers and Their Judgment / (Atonement echo) | 2:1 | Preserve the costly-purchase/redemption-price image; must not be softened to a vague “saved.” |
| Master / Sovereign Owner | δεσπότης / despotēs | Uralkodó / Gazda | Medium | False Teachers and Their Judgment / Lordship of Christ | 2:1 | Distinct title from κύριος (“Úr”); render separately where both occur to preserve the ownership nuance. |
| destruction / perdition | ἀπώλεια / apōleia | kárhozat / pusztulás | Critical | The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | 2:1, 3; 3:7, 16 | Use “kárhozat” (eternal condemnation) where final judgment is in view, “pusztulás” (ruin) where the milder sense fits; check context at each occurrence. |
| judgment | κρίσις / κρίμα / krisis / krima | ítélet | High | The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | 2:3-4, 9; 3:7 | Render consistently across the letter’s judgment vocabulary. |
| cast into Tartarus | ταρταρώσας / tartarōsas | a Tartaroszba taszította / a sötétség helyére zárta | Medium | False Teachers and Their Judgment | 2:4 | Unique NT borrowing of Greek mythological vocabulary; note it designates a real place of divine confinement, not an endorsement of wider Greek cosmology. |
| flood / deluge | κατακλυσμός / kataklysmos | vízözön | Low | The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | 2:5; 3:6 | Standard, well-established Hungarian term for Noah’s Flood. |
| ungodly | ἀσεβής / asebēs | istentelen | High | False Teachers and Their Judgment / The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | 2:5-6; 3:7 | Consistent contrast-word to εὐσέβεια (“kegyesség”); keep the pairing visible. |
| rescue / deliver | ῥύεσθαι / rhyesthai | megszabadít | Medium | False Teachers and Their Judgment | 2:9 | Standard term. |
| corruption (repeat, see above) | φθορά | romlás | High | Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption | 2:12, 19 | See main entry above. |
| scoffers | ἐμπαῖκται / empaiktai | csúfolkodók | Medium | Certainty of Christ’s Return | 3:3 | Anchors the direct challenge to Christ’s return addressed by this doctrine. |
| God’s patience / longsuffering | μακροθυμία / makrothymia | hosszútűrés / türelem | Critical | Patience of God’s Timing | 3:9, 15 | Keep lexically distinct from ὑπομονή (“állhatatosság,” human endurance, ch. 1); translate Peter’s stated purpose (patience aims at repentance/salvation) without over-systematizing toward either tradition’s larger doctrine of grace and merit. |
| repentance | μετάνοια / metanoia | megtérés | High | Patience of God’s Timing / Salvation | 3:9 | Catholic sacramental-confession associations vs. Reformed direct-heart-turning emphasis; translate Peter’s own claim without resolving this sacramental question. |
| perish | ἀπόλλυμι / apollymi | elveszni / elpusztulni | High | The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | 3:9 | Root shared with ἀπώλεια; keep tied to the letter’s judgment vocabulary. |
| the Day of the Lord | ἡμέρα Κυρίου / hēmera Kyriou | az Úr napja | Critical | The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | 3:10 | Central anchor phrase; render as a fixed, capitalized eschatological title, consistent with any future OT/NT occurrences elsewhere in the curriculum library. |
| elements | στοιχεῖα / stoicheia | elemek | Medium | The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | 3:10 | Refers to the physical cosmos’s basic elements here, not “elemental spiritual powers” (a different NT usage elsewhere); clarify by context. |
| dissolved / destroyed | λύω / lythēsetai | felbomlik / megsemmisül | Medium | The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | 3:10-12 | Standard term for cosmic dissolution. |
| new heavens and new earth | καινοὺς οὐρανοὺς καὶ γῆν καινήν | új egek és új föld | Critical | The Day of the Lord and Final Judgment | 3:13 | Convey renewed/transformed continuity with the present creation, not wholly discontinuous replacement; no denominational fault line here — shared hope across traditions. |
| spotless and blameless | ἄσπιλοι καὶ ἀμώμητοι | szeplőtelen és feddhetetlen | Medium | Growing in Christian Virtue | 3:14 | Standard ethical-goal phrase. |
| twist / distort (Scripture) | στρεβλοῦσιν / streblousin | kiforgatják | Low-Medium | Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture | 3:16 | Describes false teachers’ misuse of Paul’s letters as part of “the Scriptures.” |
| error | πλάνη / planē | eltévelyedés / hitetés | Low-Medium | False Teachers and Their Judgment | 3:17 | Standard term. |
| steadfastness (firmness) | στηριγμός / stērigmos | szilárdság | Low | Growing in Christian Virtue | 3:17 | Standard term. |
| grow (in grace and knowledge) | αὐξάνω / auxanō | növekedik | Low | Growing in Christian Virtue | 3:18 | Standard term; closing exhortation echoes 1:2-3’s opening grace/knowledge pairing. |
C. Proper Names (Low Risk, Standard Hungarian Bible Forms)
| English | Greek | Hungarian |
|---|---|---|
| Simon Peter | Σίμων Πέτρος | Simon Péter |
| Noah | Νῶε | Noé |
| Lot | Λώτ | Lót |
| Sodom and Gomorrah | Σόδομα καὶ Γόμορρα | Sodoma és Gomora |
| Balaam | Βαλαάμ | Bálám |
| Paul | Παῦλος | Pál |
D. Cross-Reference Notes for Phase 2
- Terms already fixed in the baseline Romans
translation_memory.json(Section A above) must be loaded first and never re-derived or altered for 2 Peter segments. - All new terms in Section B must be added to
translation_memory.json(version increment) and tobible_term_registry.jsonbefore any Phase 2 segment translation of 2 Peter begins, per the existing new-term protocol in12_ai_translation_requirements.md. - The following new terms require escalation to human theologian review at every occurrence, on the same basis as the baseline’s Critical-tier forbidden-substitution list: Üdvözítő (Savior), isteni természet (divine nature), isteni erő (divine power) where contrasted with baseline
power_of_god, megismerés (ἐπίγνωσις), eljövetel (parousia), saját magyarázat (private interpretation, 1:20), a Szentlélektől indíttatva (carried along by the Spirit, 1:21), kárhozat/pusztulás (ἀπώλεια), az Úr napja (Day of the Lord), új egek és új föld (new heavens and new earth), hosszútűrés/türelem (μακροθυμία, God’s patience), and the baseline-shared elhívás és kiválasztás pairing as it recurs at 1:10. - A new doctrine_risk_registry entry set (Step 2 of this pipeline) should formalize the seven curriculum doctrines listed in the parameters, mapping each to the terms identified in Section B above.
Critical Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: kegyelem
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: kegyelem mint érdemek által gyarapítható, szentségek közvetítette adomány (tridenti értelmezés)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter occurrences: 1:2 (opening greeting), 3:18 (closing exhortation, forms a grace/knowledge bookend with 1:2-3). Keep the phonetic neighbor ‘kegyesség’ (godliness, new term below) visibly distinct in all contexts.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: igazság
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter occurrences: 1:1 (Christ’s righteousness), 2:5 (Noah, ‘preacher of righteousness’), 2:21 (‘the way of righteousness’), 3:13 (‘righteousness dwells’ in the new creation).
Calling
Approved rendering: elhívás
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: ellenállhatatlan elhívás mint kizárólagos érvényes olvasat, katolikus szinergizmus kizárásával
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter occurrence: 1:10, paired with ‘kiválasztás’ (election) — ‘confirm your calling and election.’ Route to human theologian review at every occurrence, per baseline Romans 9-11 precedent, since this pairing recurs the sharpest internal Hungarian Reformed/Catholic fault line inside this new epistle.
Election
Approved rendering: kiválasztás
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: kiválasztás, mely emberi együttműködés nélkül értelmezhetetlen (szinergista olvasat kényszerítése), kiválasztás mint szabad akarat nélküli, vak végzet (fatalista félreolvasás)
Original: ἐκλογή
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter occurrence: 1:10. Same doctrinal fault line as Romans 9-11 (Hungarian Reformed double predestination vs. Catholic synergism); translate Peter’s own pastoral exhortation (assurance confirmed through visible fruit) without importing either system. Human theologian review, every occurrence.
Lord
Approved rendering: Úr
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Extremely frequent throughout 2 Peter (1:2, 8, 11, 14, 16; 2:1, 9, 11, 20; 3:2, 8-10, 15, 18). Render distinctly from the new term ‘Uralkodó/Gazda’ (δεσπότης, 2:1) where both titles occur — never collapse the two into one Hungarian word.
Jesus
Approved rendering: Jézus
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Frequent throughout 2 Peter, often within the fixed title ‘Urunk és Üdvözítőnk, Jézus Krisztus’ (our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ) — render this fixed title identically at 1:1, 1:11, 2:20, 3:2, 3:18.
God
Approved rendering: Isten
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs throughout 2 Peter, including the deity-affirming single-referent construction of 1:1 (‘Istenünk és Üdvözítőnk, Jézus Krisztus’).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Szentlélek
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter’s central inspiration-of-Scripture verse: 1:21, direct agent of prophetic inspiration, paired with the new term ‘a Szentlélektől indíttatva/vitetve.‘
Father
Approved rendering: Atya
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter occurrence: 1:17, source of the Transfiguration voice confirming Christ’s Sonship.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: Isten Fia
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Isten fia általános értelemben, minden hívőre alkalmazva
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter occurrence: 1:17, the Father’s voice (‘This is my beloved Son’) — must remain distinct from believers’ adoptive sonship language used elsewhere in the wider curriculum library.
Salvation
Approved rendering: üdvösség
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter occurrence: 3:15, directly identified with God’s patience (‘regard the patience of our Lord as salvation’); the Reformed/Catholic assurance divide documented in the baseline applies identically here.
Savior
Approved rendering: Üdvözítő
Transliteration: Sōtēr
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Istenünk, és a Megváltó, Jézus Krisztus (két külön személyre bontó fordítás)
New term. 2 Peter 1:1’s ‘our God and Savior Jesus Christ’ is a single-referent Granville-Sharp-type construction affirming Christ’s full deity; the Hungarian rendering must preserve this single-referent reading (‘Istenünk és Üdvözítőnk, Jézus Krisztus’) and must never permit a two-persons split. Render identically at every occurrence: 1:1, 1:11, 2:20, 3:2, 3:18. Watchtower/Jehovah’s Witness literature is documented to split this exact construction; this must never be echoed.
Full Knowledge Epignosis
Approved rendering: megismerés
Transliteration: epignōsis
Doctrine: Godliness and the Knowledge of God
Rejected alternatives: gnózis (esoterikus/New Age konnotációjú kölcsönszó)
Original: ἐπίγνωσις
Category: Faith
New term. 2 Peter 1:2, 3, 8; 2:20. Full, relational, transformative knowledge of God and Christ, the letter’s central positive theme against the false teachers’ corrupted knowledge claims. Must never suggest the Hungarian loanword ‘gnózis.’ Keep visibly distinct from the general term ‘ismeret’ (γνῶσις, below) throughout every document in this curriculum. Human theologian review, every occurrence.
Divine Nature
Approved rendering: isteni természet
Transliteration: theia physis
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Rejected alternatives: isteni természet mint ontológiai egybeolvadás vagy önmegistenülés (New Age/ezoterikus félreolvasás)
Original: θεία φύσις
Category: Sanctification
New term. 2 Peter 1:4 — the single highest-risk term in the book for Hungarian. Hungarian New Age/esoteric discourse (‘isteni természetünk,’ ‘bennünk lakozó isteniség’) actively circulates a self-divinization meaning fundamentally incompatible with Peter’s own claim (moral/relational Christlikeness given by grace, not inherent divine essence). Mandatory teaching note at the sole occurrence explicitly rejecting the self-divinization reading; frame as shared orthodox ground across Catholic, Orthodox-influenced, and Reformed Hungarian readings. Human theologian review, every occurrence. LDS institute materials circulating in Hungary read this verse toward human exaltation/deification; this reading must never be echoed.
Coming Parousia
Approved rendering: eljövetel
Transliteration: parousia
Doctrine: Certainty of Christ’s Return
Rejected alternatives: parúzia (akadémiai transzliteráció, a laikus olvasóközönség számára nem eléggé hozzáférhető), eljövetel mint kizárólag lelki/befolyás-alapú jelenlét
Original: παρουσία
Category: Eschatology
New term. 2 Peter 1:16; 3:4, 3:12. Must consistently denote Christ’s future, visible, bodily return across all three occurrences. Guard against a ‘spiritualized-only’ reading present in some modern Hungarian preaching traditions. Where ambiguity with the Incarnation is possible, pair with a disambiguating modifier (‘Krisztus második eljövetele’) at first occurrence per document. Human theologian review, every occurrence.
The Majestic Glory
Approved rendering: a Felséges Dicsőség
Transliteration: megaloprepēs doxa
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: a felséges dicsőség (kisbetűs, csak leíró jelző)
Original: μεγαλοπρεπὴς δόξα
Category: God
New term. 2 Peter 1:17. A reverential circumlocution/title for God himself, avoiding direct reference to the divine voice. A title-substitute for God; capitalization and reverential register must be preserved at every occurrence so Hungarian readers recognize this as a name for God’s own manifest presence, not a poetic abstraction.
Prophecy Of Scripture
Approved rendering: az Írás próféciája
Transliteration: prophēteia graphēs
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: προφητεία γραφῆς
Category: Scripture
New term. 2 Peter 1:20. Central anchor phrase for the doctrine of Scripture’s reliability and inspiration; align exactly with the baseline doctrine-registry label ‘a Szentírás ihletettsége’ so the doctrine reads as one continuous concept across Romans and 2 Peter materials.
Private Interpretation
Approved rendering: saját magyarázat
Transliteration: idias epilyseōs
Doctrine: Origin of Prophecy versus Private Interpretation
Rejected alternatives: saját magyarázat mint az olvasó/hívő magyarázati jogának tagadása (a vers tényleges állításán túli, kizárólagos magiszteriális olvasat), saját magyarázat mint bármely tanítói hatalom elvetésének bizonyítéka (kizárólagos reformátori olvasat)
Original: ἰδίας ἐπιλύσεως
Category: Scripture
New term. 2 Peter 1:20. Genuine internal Hungarian doctrinal collision point on the order of the baseline’s ‘election’ and ‘imputed_righteousness’ entries: historically cited by Catholic readers for magisterial-only interpretive authority and by Reformed readers against any interpretive authority beyond the individual believer. Translate the verse’s actual claim — the prophets did not originate their message from themselves — without settling the broader interpretive-authority question. Human theologian review, every occurrence.
Carried Along By The Spirit
Approved rendering: a Szentlélektől indíttatva / vitetve
Transliteration: pheromenoi
Doctrine: Verbal, Plenary Inspiration by the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: mechanikus diktálás, mely kitörli az emberi szerző hangját, csupán emberi ihletettségi belátás, isteni közreműködés nélkül
Original: φερόμενοι
Category: Scripture
New term. 2 Peter 1:21. The central verse for biblical inspiration: prophets spoke from God while being borne along by the Spirit, retaining their own voice — verbal, not mechanical, inspiration. Must avoid both a dictation-only misreading and a merely-human-insight misreading. Human theologian review, every occurrence.
Bought Redeemed
Approved rendering: megvásárolt / megváltott
Transliteration: agorasanta
Doctrine: Redemption and the Master Who Bought Them
Rejected alternatives: üdvözült (túl homályos, elveszíti a vásárlási/megváltási képet)
Original: ἀγοράσαντα
Category: Salvation
New term. 2 Peter 2:1. Commercial redemption-price language echoing NT slave-market manumission imagery for the atonement. Must not be softened into a vague ‘saved’; the false teachers’ sin is specifically denying the Master who paid a price for them, so the atonement’s cost must remain visible.
Destruction Perdition
Approved rendering: kárhozat / pusztulás
Transliteration: apōleia
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: ἀπώλεια
Category: Judgment
New term. 2 Peter 2:1, 2:3; 3:7, 3:16. Final, eschatological ruin/damnation. Use ‘kárhozat’ (eternal condemnation) where final judgment is in view; ‘pusztulás’ (ruin) where a milder temporal sense fits. Context must be checked at each occurrence before finalizing register.
Gods Patience
Approved rendering: hosszútűrés / türelem
Transliteration: makrothymia
Doctrine: Patience of God’s Timing
Rejected alternatives: türelem önmagában, minden kontextusban (túl köznyelvi, alábecsüli a teológiai súlyt)
Original: μακροθυμία
Category: God
New term. 2 Peter 3:9, 3:15. God’s deliberate, purposeful delay of judgment out of mercy — not slowness, weakness, or unfaithfulness. Keep lexically distinct from ‘állhatatosság’ (ὑπομονή, human endurance, 1:6). Prefer the more formal ‘hosszútűrés’ in primary doctrinal text; reserve plain ‘türelem’ for secondary/explanatory prose only. Translate Peter’s own stated purpose (patience aims at repentance and salvation) without further systematizing it toward either Reformed or Catholic doctrine of grace. Human theologian review, every occurrence.
Day Of The Lord
Approved rendering: az Úr napja
Transliteration: hēmera Kyriou
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Rejected alternatives: a nap, amikor az Úr eljön (leíró körülírás, nem rögzített cím)
Original: ἡμέρα Κυρίου
Category: Eschatology
New term. 2 Peter 3:10 (cf. 3:7). Must be rendered as a fixed, capitalized eschatological title, consistent with any future rendering of this same OT-derived phrase elsewhere in the wider curriculum library (e.g., Joel, Amos, 1 Thessalonians). Lock as a fixed title in translation memory; do not vary phrasing across occurrences.
New Heavens And New Earth
Approved rendering: új egek és új föld
Transliteration: kainous ouranous kai gēn kainēn
Doctrine: New Heavens and New Earth
Rejected alternatives: teljesen megsemmisített és lecserélt kozmosz (discontinuitás túlhangsúlyozása)
Original: καινοὺς οὐρανοὺς καὶ γῆν καινήν
Category: Eschatology
New term. 2 Peter 3:13. Must convey renewed, transformed continuity with the present creation, not a wholly discontinuous annihilation-and-replacement; this positive hope is shared without denominational dispute across Hungarian Catholic and Reformed eschatology.
High Risk Terms
Faith
Approved rendering: hit
Doctrine: Faith
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter occurrences: 1:1 (with the qualifier ἰσότιμος, ‘egyenlő értékű hit’ — faith of equal standing with the apostles’), 1:5 (foundation of the virtue chain).
Sanctification
Approved rendering: megszentelődés
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἁγιασμός
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Conceptually parallel to 2 Peter 1:9’s καθαρισμός (‘megtisztulás,’ new term below, a completed conversion-cleansing distinct from this ongoing-process term); keep the two distinguishable.
Glory
Approved rendering: dicsőség
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter occurrences: 1:3, 1:17 (×2, including within the title ‘a Felséges Dicsőség,’ new term below), 2:10 (of created angelic ‘glorious ones’ — a distinct extended sense requiring a contextual note so it is not confused with God’s own glory), 3:18 (closing doxology).
Divine Power
Approved rendering: isteni erő
Transliteration: theia dynamis
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: θεία δύναμις
Category: God
New term. 2 Peter 1:3. God’s inherent power granting all resources for life and godliness. Distinct from baseline ‘Isten ereje’ (power_of_god, Romans 1:16, gospel-advancing power) and from this letter’s own 1:16 use of ‘Isten ereje’ for Christ’s parousia-power. Maintain a documented three-way distinction in translator preflight notes.
Godliness
Approved rendering: kegyesség
Transliteration: eusebeia
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: εὐσέβεια
Category: Virtue
New term. 2 Peter 1:3, 6-7; 3:11. ‘Kegyesség’ is phonetically/visually close to ‘kegyelem’ (grace, Critical baseline term) though the Greek roots (εὐσέβεια/χάρις) are unrelated — a confusion risk unique to Hungarian. Mandatory visual/phonetic distinction check wherever both terms co-occur in the same paragraph; never abbreviate either term.
Corruption
Approved rendering: romlás
Transliteration: phthora
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: φθορά
Category: Sanctification
New term. 2 Peter 1:4; 2:12, 2:19. Spans moral and physical decay senses (also used in ordinary Hungarian for food spoilage); must be rendered consistently as ‘romlás’ across all three occurrences so the deliberate inclusio (escaping corruption at 1:4 vs. being enslaved to it at 2:19) survives translation. Confirm formal register at each occurrence.
Myths Fables
Approved rendering: mítoszok / kitalált mesék
Transliteration: mythoi
Doctrine: Apostolic Eyewitness Testimony
Rejected alternatives: mítosz önmagában, minősítő megjegyzés nélkül (túl elismerő, ‘szép legenda’ konnotáció)
Original: μῦθοι
Category: Scripture
New term. 2 Peter 1:16. Hungarian ‘mítosz’ is a prestige loanword tied to Greco-Roman and Hungarian folk mythology (‘mondavilág’) and can carry a complimentary ‘beautiful legend’ connotation absent from Peter’s usage. Prefer ‘kitalált mesék’ (fabricated tales) in doctrinally load-bearing running text; ‘mítoszok’ may be retained parenthetically for register only.
Prophetic Word
Approved rendering: prófétai szó/ige
Transliteration: prophētikos logos
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: προφητικὸς λόγος
Category: Scripture
New term. 2 Peter 1:19. Root terms are baseline-adjacent (‘próféta,’ ‘prófécia’), but the specific argumentative link between eyewitness testimony (1:16-18) and prophetic Scripture (1:19-21) — the joint ground of the doctrine of Scripture’s reliability — must survive translation, not merely the lexeme.
False Prophets
Approved rendering: hamis próféták
Transliteration: pseudoprophētai
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ψευδοπροφῆται
Category: False Teaching
New term. 2 Peter 2:1. Anchors the doctrine of false teachers and their judgment; keep visually distinct from, though rooted in, the baseline ‘próféta.’ Teaching note should restrict application to the letter’s own historical referents, not contemporary intra-Hungarian confessional rivalry.
False Teachers
Approved rendering: hamis tanítók
Transliteration: pseudodidaskaloi
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι
Category: False Teaching
New term. 2 Peter 2:1. Same doctrine as false prophets; anchors the central polemical concern of chapter 2.
Destructive Heresies
Approved rendering: kárhozatos eretnekségek
Transliteration: haireseis apōleias
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Rejected alternatives: hamis tanítás (túl gyengített fordítás, elveszíti a szó polemikus élét)
Original: αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας
Category: False Teaching
New term. 2 Peter 2:1. Hungarian ‘eretnekség’ carries centuries of Reformation-era intra-Hungarian Catholic-Protestant polemical weight. Mandatory footnote clarifying the NT sense — destructive false teaching arising within the professing church, not a denominational-identity slur — to prevent this verse being read as ammunition in confessional disputes.
Judgment
Approved rendering: ítélet
Transliteration: krisis
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: κρίσις
Category: Judgment
New term. 2 Peter 2:3-4, 2:9; 3:7. Render consistently across the letter’s recurring judgment vocabulary.
Ungodly
Approved rendering: istentelen
Transliteration: asebēs
Doctrine: Judgment on the Ungodly: Old Testament Case Studies
Original: ἀσεβής
Category: Sin
New term. 2 Peter 2:5-6; 3:7. Consistent contrast-word to εὐσέβεια (‘kegyesség,’ godliness); keep this deliberate pairing visible to Hungarian readers across chapters 2 and 3.
Repentance
Approved rendering: megtérés
Transliteration: metanoia
Doctrine: Repentance and God’s Desire for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: megtérés mint kizárólag szentségi gyónáshoz kötött cselekmény, megtérés mint kizárólag közvetlen, szentség nélküli szívváltozás
Original: μετάνοια
Category: Salvation
New term. 2 Peter 3:9. Catholic tradition associates repentance closely with sacramental Reconciliation (‘gyónás’); Hungarian Reformed tradition holds it as direct, unmediated heart-turning. Translate Peter’s own claim (God’s patience aims at repentance so none perish) without resolving this sacramental-versus-direct question, which the text itself does not address.
Perish
Approved rendering: elveszni / elpusztulni
Transliteration: apollymi
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: ἀπόλλυμι
Category: Judgment
New term. 2 Peter 3:9. Root shared with ἀπώλεια (‘kárhozat/pusztulás’); keep tied to the letter’s broader judgment vocabulary for consistency.
Medium Risk Terms
Called
Approved rendering: elhívott
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Underlies 2 Peter 1:3 (‘the one who called us to his own glory and excellence’).
Holy
Approved rendering: szent
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter occurrences: 1:18 (‘the holy mountain’ — presence-derived holiness, not permanent site-sanctity; note relevance to Catholic holy-site veneration practice), 2:21 (‘the holy commandment’), 3:2, 3:11.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: Isten ereje
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Original: δύναμις
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged (root sense). 2 Peter occurrence: 1:16, paired with παρουσία (‘erő és eljövetel’ — power and coming), referring to Christ’s return in manifest divine power, not myth. Keep distinguishable from the new term ‘isteni erő’ (θεία δύναμις, 1:3), which concerns provision for godly living rather than the certainty of Christ’s coming.
Peace
Approved rendering: béke
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter occurrences: 1:2, 3:14.
Sin
Approved rendering: bűn
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter occurrences: 1:9 (cleansing from past sins), 2:4, 2:14 (of fallen angels and false teachers).
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: Isten országa
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged (root). 2 Peter occurrence: 1:11, ‘the eternal kingdom of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ’ — ‘örök ország / Krisztus örök királysága.’ Consistent with baseline notes distinguishing God’s reign from any political entity.
Servant Bondservant
Approved rendering: szolga
Transliteration: doulos
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: δοῦλος
Category: Church
New term. 2 Peter 1:1, Peter’s self-designation. Modern Hungarian ‘szolga’ risks a menial-labor connotation absent from the Greek honorific self-designation of total, willing belonging to Christ; accompany with a brief gloss at first occurrence.
General Knowledge Gnosis
Approved rendering: ismeret
Transliteration: gnōsis
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: γνῶσις
Category: Virtue
New term. 2 Peter 1:5-6, 3:18. Practical/moral knowledge in the virtue chain, distinct from but related to ἐπίγνωσις (‘megismerés,’ above); keep the two lexically distinguishable so the letter’s two-tier knowledge vocabulary remains traceable.
Virtue Excellence
Approved rendering: erény
Transliteration: aretē
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ἀρετή
Category: Virtue
New term. 2 Peter 1:3, 5. Anchors the virtue chain doctrine; standard, low-ambiguity Hungarian word, though it no longer carries the classical Greek ethical-excellence resonance — a brief historical-cultural gloss at first occurrence (1:3) is recommended.
Promises
Approved rendering: ígéretek / ígéret
Transliteration: epaggelmata / epaggelia
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: ἐπαγγέλματα / ἐπαγγελία
Category: Covenant
New term. 2 Peter 1:4 (plural ἐπαγγέλματα, the ground for partaking in the divine nature); 3:4, 3:9 (singular ἐπαγγελία, the scoffers’ target). Keep consistent Hungarian rendering across both noun forms.
Partaker
Approved rendering: részes / részesévé válik
Transliteration: koinōnos
Doctrine: Divine Nature and Escaping Corruption
Original: κοινωνός
Category: Church
New term. 2 Peter 1:4. Shares root with baseline ‘közösség’ (fellowship); low lexical risk in isolation but always occurs paired with ‘isteni természet’ — apply that term’s mandatory teaching note wherever this term appears.
Lust Evil Desire
Approved rendering: kívánság / gonosz kívánság
Transliteration: epithymia
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: ἐπιθυμία
Category: Sin
New term. 2 Peter 1:4; 2:10, 2:18; 3:3. Consistently negative in this letter (unlike secular Greek usage). Context (paired with ‘world’ or ‘flesh’) must make the negative sense unambiguous; avoid a neutral ‘wish’-type rendering.
Self Control
Approved rendering: önuralom
Transliteration: egkrateia
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ἐγκράτεια
Category: Virtue
New term. 2 Peter 1:6. Part of the virtue chain.
Steadfastness Endurance
Approved rendering: állhatatosság
Transliteration: hypomonē
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Virtue
New term. 2 Peter 1:6. Human endurance under trial. Must be kept lexically distinct from ‘hosszútűrés/türelem’ (μακροθυμία, God’s own patience, ch. 3, below) so the letter’s distinct human/divine patience vocabularies are never collapsed into one Hungarian word.
Love
Approved rendering: szeretet
Transliteration: agapē
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Virtue
New term, not present in the baseline Romans package; proposed as a new foundational cross-curriculum term. Lexically unambiguous in Hungarian but doctrinally load-bearing as the capstone virtue of the chain (1:7). Ensure future cross-curriculum consistency.
Cleansing
Approved rendering: megtisztulás
Transliteration: katharismos
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: καθαρισμός
Category: Sanctification
New term. 2 Peter 1:9. Completed conversion-cleansing from past sins; related to but not identical with baseline ‘megszentelődés’ (ongoing sanctification process) — keep the two distinct.
Majesty
Approved rendering: felség / méltóság
Transliteration: megaleiotēs
Doctrine: Apostolic Eyewitness Testimony
Original: μεγαλειότης
Category: Christology
New term. 2 Peter 1:16. Hungarian ‘felség’ carries traditional royal/divine-majesty associations, also historically used of earthly monarchs; a brief note should clarify this is Christ’s own intrinsic divine majesty, not royal honor by analogy alone.
More Fully Confirmed
Approved rendering: megerősített / bizonyosabb
Transliteration: bebaioteron
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: βεβαιότερον
Category: Scripture
New term. 2 Peter 1:19. Genuinely ambiguous comparative (confirmed BY the Transfiguration vs. reliable IN ITSELF); flag for native-speaker/theologian review per the ambiguity-handling protocol, since the choice affects whether Scripture’s certainty is presented as resting on or alongside apostolic testimony.
Morning Star
Approved rendering: hajnalcsillag
Transliteration: phōsphoros
Doctrine: Certainty of Christ’s Return
Original: φωσφόρος
Category: Eschatology
New term. 2 Peter 1:19. Must not be associated with the separate Western ‘Lucifer’ tradition (Isaiah 14:12, Vulgate/KJV); this verse’s image is positive, parallel to Revelation 22:16. No cross-reference to Isaiah 14:12 in any teaching material.
Master Despotes
Approved rendering: Uralkodó / Gazda
Transliteration: despotēs
Doctrine: Redemption and the Master Who Bought Them
Original: δεσπότης
Category: Christology
New term. 2 Peter 2:1. A title for Christ distinct from κύριος (‘Úr’), emphasizing absolute ownership. Render distinctly from ‘Úr’ where both appear so the ownership nuance (the Master who bought them) is preserved alongside full lordship.
Cast Into Tartarus
Approved rendering: a Tartaroszba taszította / a sötétség helyére zárta
Transliteration: tartarōsas
Doctrine: Judgment of Fallen Angels
Original: ταρταρώσας
Category: Judgment
New term. 2 Peter 2:4. Sole NT use of Greek mythological underworld vocabulary. Transliterate the proper noun (‘Tartarosz’) with a mandatory footnote clarifying this designates a real place/state of divine confinement pending judgment, not an endorsement of Greek cosmology, and should not be conflated with Hungarian folk-afterlife concepts.
Rescue Deliver
Approved rendering: megszabadít
Transliteration: rhyesthai
Doctrine: Judgment on the Ungodly: Old Testament Case Studies
Original: ῥύεσθαι
Category: Salvation
New term. 2 Peter 2:9. God’s rescue of righteous Lot, held up as a pattern of God’s ability to rescue the godly amid judgment.
Scoffers
Approved rendering: csúfolkodók
Transliteration: empaiktai
Doctrine: Scoffers and the Denial of Christ’s Return
Original: ἐμπαῖκται
Category: Eschatology
New term. 2 Peter 3:3. Those who deride as unreal the promise of Christ’s return; anchors the direct challenge the doctrine of the certainty of Christ’s return must answer.
Elements
Approved rendering: elemek
Transliteration: stoicheia
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: στοιχεῖα
Category: Eschatology
New term. 2 Peter 3:10, 3:12. Refers to the physical cosmos’s basic elements here, not the distinct ‘elemental spiritual powers’ sense found elsewhere in the NT (Galatians 4, Colossians 2). Footnote to clarify; flag for cross-curriculum consistency review if/when Galatians or Colossians materials are produced.
Dissolved Destroyed
Approved rendering: felbomlik / megsemmisül
Transliteration: lythēsetai
Doctrine: Day of the Lord and Final Judgment
Original: λυθήσεται
Category: Eschatology
New term. 2 Peter 3:10-12. Standard term for cosmic dissolution at the Day of the Lord.
Spotless And Blameless
Approved rendering: szeplőtelen és feddhetetlen
Transliteration: aspiloi kai amōmētoi
Doctrine: Perseverance in Holiness While Awaiting the Day
Original: ἄσπιλοι καὶ ἀμώμητοι
Category: Virtue
New term. 2 Peter 3:14. Standard ethical-goal phrase; keep visibly tied to the preceding Day-of-the-Lord and new-creation doctrines, not read as generic detached moral exhortation.
Low Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: apostol
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter occurrences: 1:1 (Peter’s self-identification), 3:2 (apostles’ commandment, paired with the prophets’ words as joint grounds of authority).
Prophet
Approved rendering: próféta
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter occurrences: 1:19-21, 2:16 (Balaam), 3:2.
Prophecy
Approved rendering: prófécia
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 2 Peter occurrences: 1:20-21, forming the letter’s central inspiration-of-Scripture unit together with the new terms ‘az Írás próféciája’ and ‘saját magyarázat.‘
Fellowship
Approved rendering: közösség
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged (root). Cognate κοινωνός (‘partaker,’ new term below) occurs at 2 Peter 1:4.
Diligence
Approved rendering: igyekezet
Transliteration: spoudē
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: σπουδή
Category: Virtue
New term. 2 Peter 1:5. Standard, unambiguous Hungarian term opening the virtue chain.
Brotherly Kindness
Approved rendering: testvéri szeretet
Transliteration: philadelphia
Doctrine: Growing in Christian Virtue
Original: φιλαδελφία
Category: Virtue
New term. 2 Peter 1:7. Standard term.
Eyewitness
Approved rendering: szemtanú
Transliteration: epoptēs
Doctrine: Apostolic Eyewitness Testimony
Original: ἐπόπτης
Category: Scripture
New term. 2 Peter 1:16. Standard, unambiguous Hungarian legal/everyday term; grounds apostolic authority in first-hand historical observation, not mystical vision.
Honor
Approved rendering: tisztesség
Transliteration: timē
Doctrine: Deity and Sonship of Christ
Original: τιμή
Category: Christology
New term. 2 Peter 1:17. Standard term; keep distinguishable from δόξα (‘dicsőség’) in the same verse.
Lamp
Approved rendering: lámpás
Transliteration: lychnos
Doctrine: Reliability and Inspiration of Scripture
Original: λύχνος
Category: Scripture
New term. 2 Peter 1:19. Standard metaphor of Scripture guiding believers in a dark world.
Flood Deluge
Approved rendering: vízözön
Transliteration: kataklysmos
Doctrine: Judgment on the Ungodly: Old Testament Case Studies
Original: κατακλυσμός
Category: Judgment
New term. 2 Peter 2:5; 3:6. Standard, well-established Hungarian term for Noah’s Flood.
Twist Distort
Approved rendering: kiforgatják
Transliteration: streblousin
Doctrine: Canonicity and Authority of the Apostolic Writings
Original: στρεβλοῦσιν
Category: Scripture
New term. 2 Peter 3:16. Describes false teachers’ misuse of Paul’s letters, which this verse places within ‘the Scriptures.‘
Error
Approved rendering: eltévelyedés / hitetés
Transliteration: planē
Doctrine: False Teachers and Their Judgment
Original: πλάνη
Category: False Teaching
New term. 2 Peter 3:17. Standard term describing the destabilizing influence of lawless people.
Steadfastness Firmness
Approved rendering: szilárdság
Transliteration: stērigmos
Doctrine: Perseverance in Holiness While Awaiting the Day
Original: στηριγμός
Category: Virtue
New term. 2 Peter 3:17. Standard term for the stability believers are exhorted to maintain.
Grow
Approved rendering: növekedik
Transliteration: auxanō
Doctrine: Growth in Grace and Knowledge
Original: αὐξάνω
Category: Virtue
New term. 2 Peter 3:18. Closing exhortation to grow in grace and knowledge, deliberately echoing 1:2-3’s opening pairing; ensure the closing doxology reads as a unified bookend with the letter’s opening.
Simon Peter
Approved rendering: Simon Péter
Transliteration: Simōn Petros
Doctrine: Apostleship
New proper name. 2 Peter 1:1. Standard, established Hungarian Bible form.
Noah
Approved rendering: Noé
Transliteration: Nōe
Doctrine: Judgment on the Ungodly: Old Testament Case Studies
New proper name. 2 Peter 2:5. Standard, established Hungarian Bible form.
Lot
Approved rendering: Lót
Transliteration: Lōt
Doctrine: Judgment on the Ungodly: Old Testament Case Studies
New proper name. 2 Peter 2:7-9. Standard, established Hungarian Bible form.
Sodom And Gomorrah
Approved rendering: Sodoma és Gomora
Transliteration: Sodoma kai Gomorra
Doctrine: Judgment on the Ungodly: Old Testament Case Studies
New proper name. 2 Peter 2:6. Standard, established Hungarian Bible form.
Balaam
Approved rendering: Bálám
Transliteration: Balaam
Doctrine: Character and Fate of the False Teachers
New proper name. 2 Peter 2:15-16. Standard, established Hungarian Bible form.
Paul
Approved rendering: Pál
Transliteration: Paulos
Doctrine: Canonicity and Authority of the Apostolic Writings
New proper name. 2 Peter 3:15. Standard, established Hungarian Bible form, consistent with the wider Language Package’s proper-name conventions.
Referenced passages