Core Glossary
Core Glossary — Hebrews — English → Hungarian
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, spanning Hebrews 1–13. Terms already fixed in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked Baseline reuse: Yes and carry their exact recorded Hungarian rendering and risk tier forward, unaltered, per the hard rule that established renderings must be reused exactly. New terms proper to Hebrews are marked Baseline reuse: No and receive a newly assigned risk tier here, consistent with the baseline’s Critical/High/Medium/Low framework, for incorporation into an updated translation_memory.json in Phase 2.
Risk tiers (per baseline definitions): Critical = human theologian review every occurrence; High = human theologian review; Medium = native speaker review; Low = automated review sufficient.
Section A — Baseline Terms Reused Exactly (Romans → Hebrews)
| English Term | Hungarian Rendering | Risk | Doctrine Link | Chapters (Hebrews) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| grace | kegyelem | Critical | Grace | 2:9; 4:16; 12:15,28; 13:9,25 | Exact baseline reuse; Hebrews 4:16 “throne of grace” and 12:15 “falling short of grace” intensify the baseline’s Catholic-infused/Reformed-irresistible tension in a new warning-passage context. |
| faith | hit | High (Critical for ch. 11, see 08-Section B) | Faith; Faith of the OT Saints | throughout; esp. ch. 11 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| righteousness | igazság | Critical | Salvation | 1:9; 11:7,33; 12:11 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| salvation | üdvösség | Critical | Salvation; Perseverance and Assurance | 1:14; 2:3,10; 5:9; 6:9; 9:28 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| apostle | apostol | Low | Apostleship | 3:1 (Christ called “apostle and high priest”) | Exact baseline reuse; note unusual application to Christ himself, not merely the Twelve/Paul. |
| called | elhívott | Medium | Divine Calling | 3:1; 9:15; 11:8 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| calling | elhívás | Critical | Divine Calling | 3:1 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| holy | szent | Medium | Sanctification | 3:1; 9:2 (szentély root); 10:10 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| sanctification / sanctify | megszentelődés / megszentel | High | Sanctification | 2:11; 9:13; 10:10,14,29; 13:12 | Exact baseline reuse; central to the Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice doctrine cluster. |
| resurrection | feltámadás | Critical | Resurrection of Christ; Faith of the OT Saints | 6:2; 11:35; 13:20 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| lord | Úr | Critical | Lordship of Christ | 1:10; 2:3; 7:14; 13:20 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| son_of_god | Isten Fia | Critical | Sonship of Christ | 1:2,5,8; 4:14; 5:5,8; 6:6; 7:3,28 | Exact baseline reuse; central to Ch. 1’s superiority-over-angels argument. |
| incarnation | megtestesülés | High | Incarnation | 2:14,17 (“he too shared in flesh and blood”) | Exact baseline reuse. |
| peace | béke | Medium | Peace with God | 7:2; 12:14; 13:20 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| church | egyház | Medium | Church as God’s People | 2:12 (ἐκκλησία, “congregation”) | Exact baseline reuse. |
| kingdom_of_god | Isten országa | Medium | Kingdom Mission | 1:8; 12:28 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| law | törvény | High | Fulfillment of Prophecy; New Covenant vs Old | 7:12,19,28; 8:4,10; 9:19,22; 10:1,28 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| sin | bűn | Medium | Universal Human Accountability; Atoning Sacrifice | throughout, esp. 9:26-28; 10:26 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| glory | dicsőség | Medium (High in Ch.1, see Section B) | Deity of Christ | 1:3; 2:7,9-10; 3:3 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| power_of_god | Isten ereje | Medium | — | 1:3 (implicit, “upholds the universe”) | Exact baseline reuse; used loosely. |
| messiah / christ | Messiás / Krisztus | Critical | Messianic Promise | throughout | ”Χριστός” functions predominantly as Christ’s proper name (“Krisztus”) in Hebrews, per 12_ai_translation_requirements.md naming convention; “Messiás” reserved for explicit messianic-office contexts. |
| prophet | próféta | Low | Inspiration of Scripture | 1:1 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| prophecy | prófécia | Low | Fulfillment of Prophecy | 1:1 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| covenant | szövetség | Critical | Davidic Covenant; New Covenant vs Old | 7:22; 8:6-13; 9:4,15-20; 10:16,29; 12:24; 13:20 | Exact baseline reuse; Hebrews makes the old/new covenant contrast the epistle’s central structuring doctrine — intensifies the baseline’s federal-theology note. |
| election | kiválasztás | Critical | Effectual Calling | 11:23-28 (Moses’ choice, implicit) | Exact baseline reuse; minor presence relative to Romans. |
| intercession | közbenjárás | High → Critical in Hebrews | Prayer and Intercession | 7:25; 9:24; (implicit 4:14-16) | Exact baseline reuse, risk elevated to Critical for this curriculum because Hebrews makes Christ’s sole, direct, living intercession a central argument (doctrine “Christ as the Great High Priest”), sharpening the Catholic Marian/saintly-intercession vs. Reformed direct-access fault line beyond Romans’ treatment. |
| providence | gondviselés | Medium | Providence | 1:3 (implicit) | Exact baseline reuse; minor presence. |
| david | Dávid | Low | Davidic Covenant | 4:7; 11:32 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| israel | Izrael | Low/Medium | Unity of Jews and Gentiles | 8:8,10; 11:22 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| jesus | Jézus | Critical | Lordship of Christ | throughout | Exact baseline reuse. |
| god | Isten | Critical | Deity of Christ | throughout | Exact baseline reuse. |
| holy_spirit | Szentlélek | Critical | Sanctification | 2:4; 3:7; 6:4; 9:8; 10:15 | Exact baseline reuse; note 9:14’s distinct “eternal Spirit” phrase is NOT automatically resolved to this term — see Section B. |
| father | Atya | Critical | Adoption into God’s Family | 1:5; 12:7,9 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| exhort | buzdítani | Low | Mutual Edification | 3:13; 10:25; 13:19,22 | Exact baseline reuse. |
| thanksgiving | hálaadás | Low | Thanksgiving | 13:15 (sacrifice of praise, partial) | Exact baseline reuse. |
| gentiles | pogányok / nemzetek | Medium | Unity of Jews and Gentiles | (indirect; Hebrews addresses primarily Jewish-background readers) | Exact baseline reuse; low direct occurrence. |
| obedience_of_faith | hitből fakadó engedelmesség | High | Obedience of Faith | 5:8-9; 11:8 (Abraham’s obedient faith) | Exact baseline reuse in spirit; Hebrews’ “learned obedience through suffering” (5:8) applies the concept to Christ himself — flag as a distinct, Christological extension. |
Section B — New Terms Proper to Hebrews (Baseline reuse: No)
| English Term | Hungarian Rendering | Greek / Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine Link | Chapters | Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| high priest | főpap | ἀρχιερεύς / archiereus | Critical | Christ as the Great High Priest | 2:17; 3:1; 4:14-15; 5:1-10; 6:20; 7:26-28; 8:1; 9:11,25 | Central Christological office-title of the whole epistle; must be taught as unique and fulfilled, not absorbed into an ongoing sacerdotal system. |
| priest / priesthood | pap / papság | ἱερεύς, ἱερωσύνη / hiereus, hierōsynē | High | Superiority over the Levitical Priesthood | 5:6; 7:1-24; 8:4; 10:11 | Core to the Melchizedekian-priesthood argument. |
| Melchizedek | Melkisédek | Μελχισέδεκ / Melchisedek | Medium (name); High (doctrine) | Superiority over the Levitical Priesthood | 5:6,10; 6:20; 7:1-17 | Proper name low risk; typological argument built on him is High risk. |
| tabernacle / tent | sátor | σκηνή / skēnē | Medium | New Covenant vs Old; Atoning Sacrifice | 8:2,5; 9:2-3,6,8,11,21; 13:10 | Requires OT background (Exodus 25-27). |
| holy place(s) / Holy of Holies | szentély / a szentek szentje | τὰ ἅγια, ἅγια ἁγίων / ta hagia, hagia hagiōn | High | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | 9:2-3,8,12,24-25; 10:19 | Two distinct senses (outer sanctuary vs. innermost chamber) require careful disambiguation. |
| blood | vér | αἷμα / haima | Critical | Access to God through Christ’s Blood; Atoning Sacrifice | 9:7,12-14,18-22,25; 10:4,19,29; 11:28; 12:24; 13:11-12,20 | Central atonement term; must retain literal, non-symbolic force and the “once for all” quality attached to it. |
| sacrifice / offering | áldozat | θυσία, προσφορά / thysia, prosphora | Critical | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 5:1; 7:27; 9:9,23,26-28; 10:1-14,26; 11:4; 13:15-16 | Direct intersection with the Catholic Mass-as-sacrifice / Protestant one-time-sacrifice historical fault line; every “repeated vs. once for all” contrast must be preserved exactly as the text states. |
| once for all | egyszer s mindenkorra | ἅπαξ, ἐφάπαξ / hapax, ephapax | Critical | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 6:4; 9:7,26-28; 10:2,10; 12:26 | The single sharpest new doctrinal fault line Hebrews introduces to this Language Package; theologian review required at every occurrence. |
| propitiation / mercy seat | engesztelés / engesztelőhely | ἱλάσκεσθαι, ἱλαστήριον / hilaskesthai, hilastērion | Critical | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 2:17; 9:5 | Shares its root with Hungarian Catholic liturgical “engesztelő áldozat” (propitiatory sacrifice, of the Mass); must be taught as Christ’s own historical, unrepeatable act. |
| mediator | közbenjáró | μεσίτης / mesitēs | Critical | The New Covenant versus the Old | 8:6; 9:15; 12:24 | Direct extension of baseline’s közbenjárás fault line; Christ alone mediates, without Marian/saintly co-mediation. |
| redemption | (örök) megváltás | λύτρωσις / lytrōsis | High | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | 9:12,15 | Beloved shared term (“Megváltó”), but “eternal/once for all” quality attached revives Critical concern. |
| forgiveness / remission | bocsánat | ἄφεσις / aphesis | High | Atoning Sacrifice | 9:22; 10:18 | Catholic sacramental-confession practice vs. Reformed direct-forgiveness-through-blood-alone framing differ pastorally. |
| conscience | lelkiismeret | συνείδησις / syneidēsis | Medium | Atoning Sacrifice; Sanctification | 9:9,14; 10:2,22; 13:18 | Standard term; pastoral-application difference noted, not lexical. |
| inheritance | örökség | κληρονομία / klēronomia | Medium | New Covenant vs Old | 1:14; 9:15; 11:8 | Related to but distinct from baseline “adoption/örökbefogadás.” |
| covenant (as “will/testament” wordplay) | szövetség / végrendelet | διαθήκη / diathēkē | High | New Covenant vs Old | 9:16-17 | Greek double-meaning cannot be reproduced in Hungarian with one word; translator’s note required. |
| shadow / copy / true form | árnyék / másolat, előkép / valódi dolgok | σκιά, ὑπόδειγμα, ἀντίτυπον, ἀλήθεια / skia, hypodeigma, antitypon, alētheia | Medium | New Covenant vs Old | 8:5; 9:23-24; 10:1 | Typological family; consistent rendering required across chs. 8-10. |
| veil / curtain | kárpit | καταπέτασμα / katapetasma | Medium | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | 6:19 (implicit); 9:3; 10:20 | Torn-veil access doctrine. |
| eternal Spirit | örök Lélek | Πνεῦμα αἰώνιον / Pneuma aiōnion | High | Atoning Sacrifice; Deity of Christ | 9:14 | Deliberately NOT collapsed into baseline “Szentlélek”; genuine exegetical ambiguity preserved. |
| angels | angyalok | ἄγγελοι / angeloi | High | Superiority of Christ over Angels | 1:4-14; 2:2,5,7,9,16; 12:22; 13:2 | Catholic angel-veneration piety vs. Reformed non-devotional affirmation; teach as Christological exaltation, not anti-angel polemic. |
| firstborn | elsőszülött | πρωτότοκος / prōtotokos | High | Deity/Sonship of Christ | 1:6; 12:23 | Historic Arian-reading risk; must convey preeminence, not createdness. |
| radiance / exact imprint | (dicsőség) visszfénye / lényének képmása | ἀπαύγασμα, χαρακτήρ τῆς ὑποστάσεως / apaugasma, charaktēr tēs hypostaseōs | High | Deity of Christ | 1:3 | Foundational deity-of-Christ vocabulary; must not imply a derivative or lesser divine status. |
| heir | örökös | κληρονόμος / klēronomos | Medium | Sonship of Christ | 1:2 | Standard term. |
| rest | nyugalom / megnyugvás | κατάπαυσις / katapausis | High | New Covenant vs Old; Perseverance | 3:11,18; 4:1,3,5,10-11 | Covenantal-eschatological weight across chs. 3-4; consistent rendering required. |
| Sabbath rest | szombati nyugalom | σαββατισμός / sabbatismos | Medium | Perseverance and Assurance | 4:9 | Requires teaching note to avoid Sabbatarian misreading. |
| founder / pioneer | fejedelem / elkezdő | ἀρχηγός / archēgos | High | Christ as the Great High Priest | 2:10; 12:2 | New Christological title; combines with τελειωτής (perfecter) in 12:2. |
| perfect / make perfect | tökéletessé tesz / beteljesít | τελειόω / teleioō | High | Christ as the Great High Priest; Sanctification | 2:10; 5:9; 7:19,28; 9:9; 10:1,14; 11:40; 12:2,23 | Risk of misreading as sinless-perfectionism; means completion/qualification, not moral flawlessness achieved gradually. |
| boldness / confidence | bizalommal / bátran | παρρησία / parrhēsia | High | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | 3:6; 4:16; 10:19,35 | Direct-access vocabulary paired with μεσίτης/közbenjáró. |
| throne of grace | a kegyelem trónja | θρόνος τῆς χάριτος / thronos tēs charitos | Critical (inherits kegyelem) | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | 4:16 | Compound phrase built on baseline Critical grace term. |
| repentance | megtérés (primary) / bűnbánat (Catholic-sacramental register) | μετάνοια / metanoia | Critical | Danger of Apostasy | 6:1,6; 12:17 | Direct parallel to baseline’s justification/sacramental-penance fault line. |
| fall away / apostasy | elpártol / elesik / hitehagyás | παραπίπτω, ἀφίστημι / parapiptō, aphistēmi | Critical | Danger of Apostasy | 3:12; 6:6; 10:26-31 | Central to Perseverance-vs-Assurance and Danger-of-Apostasy doctrine cluster; Reformed perseverance-of-the-saints and Catholic mortal-sin/falling-from-grace frameworks read these warnings differently. |
| anchor | horgony | ἄγκυρα / ankyra | Low | Perseverance and Assurance | 6:19 | Simple metaphor. |
| hope | reménység | ἐλπίς / elpis | Medium | Perseverance and Assurance | 3:6; 6:11,18-19; 7:19; 10:23; 11:1 | Pervasive; new to this Language Package; consistent rendering required across whole book. |
| oath | eskü | ὅρκος / horkos | Low-Medium | New Covenant vs Old | 6:16-17; 7:20-21,28 | Standard legal/covenantal term. |
| promise | ígéret | ἐπαγγελία / epangelia | Medium | New Covenant vs Old; Faith of OT Saints | 4:1; 6:12-17; 7:6; 8:6; 9:15; 10:36; 11:9,13,17,33,39 | Pervasive covenant-promise vocabulary. |
| unchangeable priesthood | változatlan / örökre megmaradó papság | ἀπαράβατος ἱερωσύνη / aparabatos hierōsynē | High | Superiority over the Levitical Priesthood | 7:24 | Permanence claim central to the doctrine. |
| guarantee / surety | kezes | ἔγγυος / engyos | Medium | New Covenant vs Old | 7:22 | Legal-financial hapax term. |
| better (comparative theme) | jobb / kiválóbb | κρείττων / kreittōn | High | New Covenant vs Old; Superiority themes | 1:4; 6:9; 7:7,19,22; 8:6; 9:23; 10:34; 11:16,35,40; 12:24 | Cumulative rhetorical strategy; risk of supersessionist/anti-Judaic misreading if handled without care. |
| obsolete / growing old | elavul / megvénül | παλαιόω / palaioō | High | New Covenant vs Old | 8:13 | Risk of Marcionite-sounding OT disparagement if not carefully taught. |
| shadow of good things | (see “shadow” above) | σκιά / skia | Medium | New Covenant vs Old | 10:1 | See combined typology entry above. |
| full assurance | a hit teljes bizonyossága | πληροφορία πίστεως / plērophoria pisteōs | High | Perseverance and Assurance | 10:22 | Direct extension of baseline salvation-assurance fault line. |
| draw near | odajárul / közeledik | προσέρχομαι / proserchomai | Medium | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | 4:16; 7:25; 10:1,22; 11:6; 12:18,22 | Direct-access vocabulary family. |
| confession | hitvallás | ὁμολογία / homologia | Medium-High | Perseverance and Assurance | 3:1; 4:14; 10:23 | Ties to baseline’s Romans 10:9 confession-consistency rule. |
| deliberate/willful sin | szándékosan vétkezik | ἁμαρτάνω ἑκουσίως / hamartanō hekousiōs | High | Danger of Apostasy | 10:26 | Parallels Catholic mortal-sin category without adopting or rejecting it explicitly. |
| fearful expectation of judgment | az ítélet félelmetes várása | φοβερὰ ἡ ἐκδοχὴ κρίσεως | Medium | Danger of Apostasy | 10:27 | Vivid warning language. |
| endurance / perseverance | állhatatosság / kitartás | ὑπομονή, ὑπομένω / hypomonē, hypomenō | High | Perseverance and Assurance | 10:36; 12:1-3,7 | Central to the doctrine of the same name. |
| assurance / substance (of faith) | bizonyosság / valóság | ὑπόστασις / hypostasis | High | Faith of the OT Saints | 3:14; 11:1 | Same Greek word rendered differently than its 1:3 ontological sense (see “radiance/exact imprint” above); cross-reference note required. |
| conviction / proof | meggyőződés / bizonyíték | ἔλεγχος / elenchos | Medium | Faith of the OT Saints | 11:1 | Pairs with ὑπόστασις in the faith-definition verse. |
| reward | jutalom | μισθαποδοσία / misthapodosia | High | Faith of the OT Saints | 10:35; 11:6,26 | Risk of merit-theology misreading; reward is faith’s fruit, not its meritorious ground. |
| witnesses / cloud of witnesses | tanúk | μάρτυρες / martyres | Critical | Faith of the OT Saints | 12:1 | Direct extension of baseline saints/intercession fault lines re: Catholic “communion of saints” active-observation piety vs. Reformed literary-exemplar reading. |
| discipline | fenyítés / (atyai) nevelés | παιδεία / paideia | Medium | Perseverance and Assurance | 12:5-11 | Fatherly formation, not punitive retribution; pastoral-application differences noted. |
| unshakable kingdom | rendíthetetlen ország | βασιλεία ἀσάλευτος / basileia asaleutos | Medium | Kingdom Mission (extension) | 12:28 | Builds on baseline Isten országa. |
| consuming fire | megemésztő tűz | πῦρ καταναλίσκον / pyr katanaliskon | Low-Medium | Danger of Apostasy | 12:29 | OT quotation (Deut 4:24). |
| altar | oltár | θυσιαστήριον / thysiastērion | Critical | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 13:10 | Direct collision with Hungarian Catholic Eucharistic-altar theology; must be taught as Christ’s cross/sacrifice metaphorically, without editorializing against physical altars. |
| outside the camp | táboron kívül | ἔξω τῆς παρεμβολῆς / exō tēs parembolēs | Medium | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 13:11,13 | OT Yom Kippur background (Leviticus 16:27). |
| sacrifice of praise | hálaadás / dicséret áldozata | θυσία αἰνέσεως / thysia aineseōs | Medium | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 13:15 | Reframes cultic vocabulary as verbal praise, reinforcing (not undercutting) the once-for-all doctrine. |
| blood of the eternal covenant | az örök szövetség vére | αἷμα διαθήκης αἰωνίου | Critical | New Covenant vs Old; Access to God through Christ’s Blood | 13:20 | Epistle’s climactic summary phrase; combines two independently Critical terms. |
| leaders (church) | vezetők / elöljárók | ἡγούμενοι / hēgoumenoi | Medium | Church as God’s People | 13:7,17,24 | Polity-neutral rendering across Catholic/Reformed structures. |
Section C — Chapter Coverage Confirmation
| Chapter | Coverage Status |
|---|---|
| 1 | New terms analyzed: υἱός/Isten Fia (reuse), ἄγγελος, δόξα (reuse), ἀπαύγασμα, χαρακτήρ τῆς ὑποστάσεως, πρωτότοκος, κληρονόμος, θρόνος, λειτουργικὰ πνεύματα. |
| 2 | New terms analyzed: σωτηρία (reuse), ἀρχηγός, ἁγιάζω (reuse), ἀδελφοί, πειράζω, ἱλάσκεσθαι. |
| 3 | New terms analyzed: Μωϋσῆς, οἶκος, πιστός, ἀπιστία, σκληρύνω, κατάπαυσις, παρακαλέω (reuse). |
| 4 | New terms analyzed: κατάπαυσις (cont.), σαββατισμός, λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἀρχιερεύς, συμπαθέω, παρρησία, θρόνος τῆς χάριτος. |
| 5 | New terms analyzed: ἀρχιερεύς (cont.), Μελχισέδεκ, τάξις, τελειόω, γάλα/βρῶμα. |
| 6 | New terms analyzed: μετάνοια, φωτίζω, παραπίπτω, ἀνασταυρόω, ἄγκυρα, ἐλπίς, ὅρκος, ἐπαγγελία. |
| 7 | New terms analyzed: Μελχισέδεκ (cont.), ἀπαράβατος, ἔγγυος, ἐντυγχάνω (reuse, elevated), κρείττων. |
| 8 | New terms analyzed: καινὴ/κρείττων διαθήκη (reuse), μεσίτης, παλαιόω, Ἰερεμίας. |
| 9 | Core passage (9:11-28) fully treated verse-by-verse in 07_semantic_analysis.md Part 1. Introductory verses 9:1-10 additionally analyzed: ἱλαστήριον, χερουβίμ, λατρεία. |
| 10 | New terms analyzed: σκιά, καταπέτασμα, πληροφορία πίστεως, προσέρχομαι, ὁμολογία, ἁμαρτάνω ἑκουσίως, φοβερὰ ἐκδοχὴ κρίσεως, ὑπομονή, πίστις (reuse, transition). |
| 11 | New terms analyzed: πίστις (reuse, elevated), ὑπόστασις (distinct sense from ch.1), ἔλεγχος, μαρτυρέω, ἐπαγγελία (cont.), πόλις/πατρίς, μισθαποδοσία, εὐαρεστέω. |
| 12 | New terms analyzed: μάρτυρες, ἀγών, ἀρχηγὸς καὶ τελειωτής, παιδεία, Ἠσαῦ, Σινᾶ/Σιών, βασιλεία ἀσάλευτος, πῦρ καταναλίσκον, χάρις (reuse). |
| 13 | New terms analyzed: φιλαδελφία, φιλοξενία, γάμος, αὐτάρκεια, ἡγούμενοι, θυσιαστήριον, παρεμβολή, θυσία αἰνέσεως, αἷμα διαθήκης αἰωνίου, ὑπακούω. |
No chapter of Hebrews was found to introduce zero new theological vocabulary; the epistle’s argumentative density is continuous from 1:1 through 13:25. Every chapter is therefore explicitly documented above rather than silently omitted, per the full-book-coverage mandate.
This glossary must be merged into an updated translation_memory.json (version increment required) before Phase 2 segment translation of Hebrews begins. All Section A terms carry forward their baseline risk tier and rendering unchanged except where explicitly noted as elevated for this curriculum (intercession/közbenjárás: High→Critical). All Section B terms require new bible_term_registry.json and doctrine_risk_registry.json entries prior to Phase 2.
Critical Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: kegyelem
Transliteration: charis
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: kegyelem mint érdemek által gyarapítható, szentségek közvetítette adomány (tridenti értelmezés)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Hebrews 4:16’s ‘throne of grace’ (confident access) and 12:15’s warning against ‘falling short of the grace of God’ place the baseline’s Catholic infused-merit / Reformed irresistible-grace tension inside both a worship-access context and an apostasy-warning context; theologian review required at every occurrence in this curriculum.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: igazság
Transliteration: dikaiosynē
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Occurs in Hebrews 1:9 (Christ’s righteous reign), 11:7,33 (OT saints’ commendation), 12:11 (fruit of discipline).
Salvation
Approved rendering: üdvösség
Transliteration: sōtēria
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Central to Hebrews 9:28’s ‘he will appear a second time… to save’ and the doctrine ‘Perseverance and Assurance’; Reformed settled-assurance and Catholic ongoing-uncertainty readings diverge sharply here.
Calling
Approved rendering: elhívás
Transliteration: klēsis
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: ellenállhatatlan elhívás mint kizárólagos érvényes olvasat, katolikus szinergizmus kizárásával
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Applied to the ‘heavenly calling’ shared by believers (Hebrews 3:1); the same Reformed ‘irresistible calling’ vs. Catholic synergistic fault line applies wherever it occurs.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: feltámadás
Transliteration: anastasis
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Occurs at 6:2 (foundational teaching), 11:35 (OT saints’ hope of ‘a better resurrection’), and climactically at 13:20 (God brought Christ back from the dead).
Lord
Approved rendering: Úr
Transliteration: kyrios
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Hebrews 1:10 applies an OT YHWH-text directly to Christ (‘Te, Uram, alapítottad meg a földet’); render with full, unqualified supremacy, watching for Jehovah’s Witness-style softenings (see 05_translation_landscape.md Section 3.1).
Son Of God
Approved rendering: Isten Fia
Transliteration: huios theou
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Isten fia általános értelemben, minden hívőre alkalmazva
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Central Christological title of Hebrews chapter 1’s superiority-over-angels argument (1:2,5,8; 4:14; 5:5,8; 6:6; 7:3,28); must remain distinct from believers’ adoptive sonship.
Messiah
Approved rendering: Messiás / Krisztus
Transliteration: Christos / Mashiach
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Χριστός functions predominantly as Christ’s proper name (‘Krisztus’) throughout Hebrews; ‘Messiás’ is reserved for explicit messianic-office contexts, per the naming convention fixed in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
Covenant
Approved rendering: szövetség
Transliteration: diathēkē
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Rejected alternatives: szövetség kizárólag jogi vagy politikai szerződésként
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Hebrews (7:22; 8:6-13; 9:4,15-20; 10:16,29; 12:24; 13:20) makes the old/new covenant contrast far more central and sustained than Romans; Reformed federal/covenant theology will readily systematize this, while Catholic tradition lacks an equivalent systematic covenant framework. See ‘covenant_testament_wordplay’ below for the 9:16-17 diathēkē double-meaning issue.
Election
Approved rendering: kiválasztás
Transliteration: eklogē
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Rejected alternatives: kiválasztás, mely emberi együttműködés nélkül értelmezhetetlen (szinergista olvasat kényszerítése), kiválasztás mint szabad akarat nélküli, vak végzet (fatalista félreolvasás)
Original: ἐκλογή (cognate: Moses’ choice, αἱρέομαι, 11:25)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Minor presence relative to Romans, implicit in Moses’ choice to identify with God’s people (11:23-28); the same Calvinist double-predestination / Catholic synergistic fault line applies wherever it surfaces, even in this lower-visibility location.
Intercession
Approved rendering: közbenjárás
Transliteration: entynchanō
Doctrine: Christ’s Sole Mediation and Intercession
Rejected alternatives: kizárólag szentek és Mária közbenjárása mint szükséges (katolikus olvasat)
Original: ἐντυγχάνω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package; risk elevated from the baseline’s High to Critical for this curriculum, since Hebrews (7:25; 9:24) makes Christ’s sole, direct, living intercession a sustained structural argument, sharpening the Catholic Marian/saintly-intercession vs. Reformed direct-access fault line beyond Romans’ treatment.
Jesus
Approved rendering: Jézus
Transliteration: Iēsous
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Used throughout Hebrews especially in high-priestly and pioneer/founder contexts (2:9; 3:1; 4:14; 6:20; 7:22; 12:2,24; 13:12,20).
God
Approved rendering: Isten
Transliteration: theos
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Directly addressed to the Son in Hebrews 1:8-9 (‘A te trónod, oh Isten’), a key deity-of-Christ prooftext; must not be re-punctuated or relocated to avoid direct predication onto the Son (see 05_translation_landscape.md Section 3.1).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Szentlélek
Transliteration: pneuma hagion
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Explicitly named as testifying witness (2:4; 3:7; 6:4; 9:8; 10:15); must be kept lexically distinct from the deliberately unresolved ‘örök Lélek’ phrase of 9:14 (see ‘eternal_spirit’ below).
Father
Approved rendering: Atya
Transliteration: patēr
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Source of Christ’s Sonship declaration (1:5) and the model for divine discipline (12:7,9).
High Priest
Approved rendering: főpap
Transliteration: archiereus
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Original: ἀρχιερεύς
Category: Priesthood
New term for this curriculum. Central Christological office-title of the whole epistle (2:17; 3:1; 4:14-15; 5:1-10; 6:20; 7:26-28; 8:1; 9:11,25). Must be taught as unique, unrepeatable, and fulfilled once by Christ, not silently absorbed into an ongoing sacerdotal system associated with Hungarian Catholic clergy, nor flattened into a merely honorific Reformed metaphor. Theologian review required at every occurrence.
Blood
Approved rendering: vér
Transliteration: haima
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: αἷμα
Category: Atonement
New term for this curriculum. Central atonement term throughout the core passage and book (9:7,12-14,18-22,25; 10:4,19,29; 11:28; 12:24; 13:11-12,20). Must never be rendered as a merely symbolic or metaphorical substance, and its ‘once for all’ quality must not be diluted.
Sacrifice
Approved rendering: áldozat
Transliteration: thysia / prosphora
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: θυσία / προσφορά
Category: Atonement
New term for this curriculum. Directly intersects the historic Hungarian Catholic Mass-as-sacrifice / Protestant one-time-sacrifice polemic. Every ‘repeated vs. once for all’ contrast (5:1; 7:27; 9:9,23,26-28; 10:1-14,26; 11:4; 13:15-16) must be preserved exactly as stated, without inserting either community’s later systematic framing. Fence rule: never allow ‘áldozat’ describing Christ’s death to appear without a finality marker (‘egyszer s mindenkorra’) in the same sentence or immediate context.
Once For All
Approved rendering: egyszer s mindenkorra
Transliteration: hapax / ephapax
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: ἅπαξ / ἐφάπαξ
Category: Atonement
New term for this curriculum. The single sharpest doctrinal fault line Hebrews introduces to this Language Package (6:4; 9:7,26-28; 10:2,10; 12:26). Theologian review required at every occurrence; no phrasing may admit qualification (‘mostly once,’ ‘essentially finished but…’).
Propitiation
Approved rendering: engesztelés / engesztelőhely
Transliteration: hilaskesthai / hilastērion
Doctrine: Propitiation through Christ’s Atoning Work
Original: ἱλάσκεσθαι / ἱλαστήριον
Category: Atonement
New term for this curriculum. Shares its root with ‘engesztelő áldozat,’ prominent technical vocabulary in Hungarian Catholic liturgical theology describing the Mass itself (2:17; 9:5). Must be taught as Christ’s own historical, once-for-all propitiating act, never extended to describe present-tense believer or liturgical activity. Theologian review required at every occurrence.
Mediator
Approved rendering: közbenjáró
Transliteration: mesitēs
Doctrine: Christ’s Sole Mediation and Intercession
Original: μεσίτης
Category: Covenant
New term for this curriculum. Directly extends the baseline ‘közbenjárás’ fault line (7:22; 8:6; 9:15; 12:24); Christ alone mediates. Reserve this word family strictly for Christ — never introduce a third party as subject in translated text.
Throne Of Grace
Approved rendering: a kegyelem trónja
Transliteration: thronos tēs charitos
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: a kegyelem királyi széke (KAR-variáns; nem használandó ebben a kurzusban a konzisztencia miatt)
Original: θρόνος τῆς χάριτος
Category: Salvation
New term for this curriculum, built on the baseline Critical ‘kegyelem’ term. Standardized rendering ‘a kegyelem trónja’ (4:16); inherits the full Catholic-infused/Reformed-irresistible tension already documented for grace, here in a direct-access context.
Repentance
Approved rendering: megtérés (elsődleges) / bűnbánat (katolikus szentségi regiszter)
Transliteration: metanoia
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Rejected alternatives: bűnbánat mint kizárólagos, szentségi elsődleges fordítás
Original: μετάνοια
Category: Apostasy and Warning
New term for this curriculum. Direct parallel to the baseline’s justification/sacramental fault line (6:1,6; 12:17). Retain ‘megtérés’ as primary rendering, explicitly flagged as a translation choice, not a rejection of the sacrament of Penance for Catholic readers.
Fall Away
Approved rendering: elpártol / elesik / hitehagyás
Transliteration: parapiptō / aphistēmi
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Original: παραπίπτω / ἀφίστημι
Category: Apostasy and Warning
New term for this curriculum. Central apostasy-warning vocabulary (3:12; 6:6; 10:26-31). Reformed perseverance-of-the-saints and Catholic mortal-sin/falling-from-grace frameworks read these warnings differently; theologian review required at every occurrence, translated at full severity without softening.
Witnesses
Approved rendering: tanúk
Transliteration: martyres
Doctrine: The Great Cloud of Witnesses
Original: μάρτυρες
Category: Faith
New term for this curriculum. Direct extension of the baseline’s saints/intercession fault lines (12:1). Hungarian Catholic ‘communion of saints’ piety readily reads this as heavenly saints actively observing and potentially interceding; Hungarian Reformed tradition reads the image as a literary, stadium-audience metaphor. Translate to the text’s own athletic-stadium metaphor without resolving either question; keep strictly distinct from ‘szentek’ (saints), a different Greek word and image. Theologian review required.
Altar
Approved rendering: oltár
Transliteration: thysiastērion
Doctrine: The Altar and True Christian Worship
Original: θυσιαστήριον
Category: Atonement
New term for this curriculum. In Hungarian Catholic church life the physical altar is the central locus of the Eucharistic sacrifice; ‘we have an altar’ (13:10) could be misread as validating an ongoing physical-altar sacrificial system rather than the metaphorical, once-for-all reality (Christ’s cross) Hebrews intends. Must be translated plainly, with a clarifying teaching note, without editorializing against physical altars in Catholic worship. Theologian review required.
Blood Of The Eternal Covenant
Approved rendering: az örök szövetség vére
Transliteration: haima diathēkēs aiōniou
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: αἷμα διαθήκης αἰωνίου
Category: Covenant
New term for this curriculum. The epistle’s climactic benedictory phrase (13:20), combining two independently Critical terms (‘szövetség’ and ‘vér’) with the once-for-all argument; must be rendered with the full accumulated weight established for covenant, blood, and once-for-all elsewhere. Theologian review required as the book’s capstone doctrinal statement.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: evangélium
Transliteration: euangelion
Doctrine: Gospel
Inherited from Romans package. Relevant to Hebrews 4:2,6 (‘the good news came to us just as to them’); must be taught as the specific proclamation of salvation through Christ, consistent with the baseline entry.
Faith
Approved rendering: hit
Transliteration: pistis
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Elevated in practical weight for Hebrews 11, where it becomes the definitional and structural anchor of ‘Faith of the Old Testament Saints’; every occurrence in chapter 11 requires theologian review.
Saints
Approved rendering: szentek
Transliteration: hagioi
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: szentek mint kizárólagosan kanonizált, közbenjárásra kért személyek (katolikus olvasat)
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Occurs in Hebrews’ greetings and ministry-descriptions (6:10; 13:24); must be kept lexically distinct from ‘tanúk’ (witnesses, 12:1), a different Greek word and image, even though both intersect the Catholic communion-of-saints / Reformed non-veneration fault line.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: megszentelődés
Transliteration: hagiasmos / hagiazō
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἁγιασμός / ἁγιάζω
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged (verb form: megszentel). Central to the Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice doctrine cluster (2:11; 9:13; 10:10,14,29; 13:12); Hebrews’ own emphasis is an already-accomplished, once-for-all sanctification grounded in Christ’s single offering, distinct from both Reformed ‘third use of the law’ and Catholic sacramental-penitential frameworks.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: megtestesülés
Transliteration: ho logos sarx egeneto
Doctrine: Incarnation and the Humanity of Christ
Original: ὁ λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο (cf. Hebrews’ own σὰρξ καὶ αἷμα language)
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Directly grounds Hebrews 2:14,17’s ‘he too shared in flesh and blood’; primary risk is theological simplification of Christ’s genuine humanity, not confessional division.
Law
Approved rendering: törvény
Transliteration: nomos
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. In Hebrews (7:12,19,28; 8:4,10; 9:19,22; 10:1,28) the argument concerns the law’s sacrificial/ceremonial provisions being fulfilled, not its moral content being abolished; Reformed threefold-use and Catholic systematic frameworks both differ from this specific point.
Glory
Approved rendering: dicsőség
Transliteration: doxa
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package; risk elevated from the baseline’s Medium to High for this curriculum because Hebrews 1:3 (‘a dicsőség visszfénye’) directly grounds the doctrine of the deity of Christ.
Obedience Of Faith
Approved rendering: hitből fakadó engedelmesség
Transliteration: hypakoē
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Rejected alternatives: törvény szerinti engedelmesség, hit nélkül
Original: ὑπακοή (cf. Hebrews 5:8-9’s ὑπήκοος; 11:8’s obedient faith of Abraham)
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged in spirit. Hebrews’ Christological application (‘learned obedience through what he suffered,’ 5:8) and Abraham’s obedient faith (11:8) are distinct extensions beyond Romans; 5:8 requires a teaching note so it is not misread as implying prior disobedience in Christ.
Priesthood
Approved rendering: papság
Transliteration: hiereus / hierōsynē
Doctrine: The Superiority of Christ over the Levitical Priesthood
Original: ἱερεύς / ἱερωσύνη
Category: Priesthood
New term for this curriculum. Core to the Melchizedekian-priesthood argument (5:6; 7:1-24; 8:4; 10:11). Hungarian Catholic ordained priesthood carries an ongoing sacramental office; Hebrews’ supersession argument concerns the Levitical system, not present-day Christian ministerial office.
Melchizedek
Approved rendering: Melkisédek
Transliteration: Melchisedek
Doctrine: The Superiority of Christ over the Levitical Priesthood
Original: Μελχισέδεκ
Category: Priesthood
New term for this curriculum. Proper name itself low risk; the priesthood-superiority argument built on this figure (5:6,10; 6:20; 7:1-17) is High risk and requires theologian review wherever the typology is developed.
Unchangeable Priesthood
Approved rendering: változatlan / örökre megmaradó papság
Transliteration: aparabatos hierōsynē
Doctrine: The Superiority of Christ over the Levitical Priesthood
Original: ἀπαράβατος ἱερωσύνη
Category: Priesthood
New term for this curriculum. Christ’s priesthood does not pass away and has no successor (7:24); must convey permanence and non-transferability, not merely present continuity.
Holy Place
Approved rendering: szentély / a szentek szentje
Transliteration: ta hagia / hagia hagiōn
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: τὰ ἅγια / ἅγια ἁγίων
Category: Access and Worship
New term for this curriculum. Two distinct senses (outer sanctuary vs. innermost Most Holy Place) require disambiguation via translator note so readers do not flatten the Yom Kippur background into one generic ‘holy place’ (9:2-3,8,12,24-25; 10:19).
Redemption
Approved rendering: örök megváltás
Transliteration: lytrōsis
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: λύτρωσις
Category: Salvation
New term for this curriculum. ‘Megváltás’ is a beloved, shared term in Hungarian piety (Christ as ‘Megváltó’), reducing collision risk on the word itself, but the attached ‘eternal/once for all’ quality (9:12,15) revives the Critical once-for-all concern and must be preserved together with it.
Forgiveness
Approved rendering: bocsánat
Transliteration: aphesis
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: ἄφεσις
Category: Atonement
New term for this curriculum. Hungarian Catholic sacramental practice locates ongoing forgiveness partly through confession/priestly absolution; Reformed teaching holds forgiveness secured once for all through Christ’s blood. Hebrews 9:22 and 10:18’s unqualified statements should be translated plainly, letting the text’s own blood-emphasis stand.
Covenant Testament Wordplay
Approved rendering: szövetség / végrendelet
Transliteration: diathēkē
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
New term for this curriculum. The Greek covenant/testament double meaning is structurally lost in Hungarian, where ‘szövetség’ and ‘végrendelet’ are unrelated word-families (9:16-17). A translator’s note explaining the wordplay is required locally; ‘szövetség’ remains the book-wide default elsewhere. Exegetical/structural risk, not confessional.
Eternal Spirit
Approved rendering: örök Lélek
Transliteration: Pneuma aiōnion
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Rejected alternatives: Szentlélek (a kifejezés automatikus, egyértelműsítő megfeleltetése)
Original: Πνεῦμα αἰώνιον
Category: God
New term for this curriculum. Deliberately NOT collapsed into ‘Szentlélek’ (9:14); silently resolving this genuine exegetical ambiguity would touch both Trinitarian and Christological doctrine. Retain ‘örök Lélek’ and flag for theologian review; watch for Jehovah’s Witness-style impersonal-force renderings (see 05_translation_landscape.md Section 3.1).
Angels
Approved rendering: angyalok
Transliteration: angeloi
Doctrine: The Superiority of Christ over Angels
Original: ἄγγελοι
Category: Christology
New term for this curriculum. Hungarian Catholic popular piety maintains active angel veneration; Hungarian Reformed tradition affirms angels’ existence without devotional practice toward them. Must be taught as Christological exaltation (1:4-14; 2:2,5,7,9,16; 12:22; 13:2), not as polemic against angel belief or veneration itself.
Firstborn
Approved rendering: elsőszülött
Transliteration: prōtotokos
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: πρωτότοκος
Category: Christology
New term for this curriculum. Historic Arian-reading risk of implying createdness rather than eternal Sonship (1:6; 12:23); teaching note must clarify the term denotes preeminence in Hebrew idiom, not origin.
Radiance Exact Imprint
Approved rendering: (dicsőség) visszfénye / lényének képmása
Transliteration: apaugasma / charaktēr tēs hypostaseōs
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: ἀπαύγασμα / χαρακτήρ τῆς ὑποστάσεως
Category: Christology
New term for this curriculum. Foundational deity-of-Christ vocabulary (1:3); must not be rendered with a term suggesting a derivative, lesser, or merely reflected divine status. Note the same Greek word (hypostasis) receives a distinct rendering in 3:14/11:1 (see ‘assurance_substance_of_faith’).
Rest
Approved rendering: nyugalom / megnyugvás
Transliteration: katapausis
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: κατάπαυσις
Category: Eschatology
New term for this curriculum. Carries covenantal-eschatological weight (God’s own Sabbath rest, Promised Land typology, final salvation-rest, 3:11,18; 4:1,3,5,10-11) that both major Hungarian traditions affirm without a shared systematic vocabulary; requires consistent rendering across chapters 3-4.
Founder
Approved rendering: fejedelem / elkezdő
Transliteration: archēgos
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Original: ἀρχηγός
Category: Christology
New term for this curriculum. Hebrews-specific Christological title (2:10; 12:2) with no baseline precedent; must convey Christ as trailblazing originator and leader, not a merely honorary founder-figure. Combines with ‘tökéletessé tesz/beteljesít’ in 12:2’s ‘ἀρχηγὸς καὶ τελειωτής’.
Perfect Make Perfect
Approved rendering: tökéletessé tesz / beteljesít
Transliteration: teleioō
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Original: τελειόω
Category: Christology
New term for this curriculum. Must not be read through a ‘Christian perfectionism’ (entire sanctification, sinless-in-this-life) lens, a minor risk given some Hungarian Protestant holiness-movement influence, nor as implying Christ was previously morally deficient (2:10; 5:9; 7:19,28; 9:9; 10:1,14; 11:40; 12:2,23). Teaching note required.
Boldness Confidence
Approved rendering: bizalommal / bátran
Transliteration: parrhēsia
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: παρρησία
Category: Access and Worship
New term for this curriculum. Reinforces the direct-access-without-mediating-saints emphasis flagged for ‘közbenjáró’; keep terminologically and doctrinally linked across 3:6; 4:16; 10:19,35. Watch for Word of Faith-style ‘guaranteed outcome’ misreadings (see 05_translation_landscape.md Section 3.3).
Better
Approved rendering: jobb / kiválóbb
Transliteration: kreittōn
Doctrine: The Superiority of Christ over the Levitical Priesthood
Original: κρείττων
Category: Covenant
New term for this curriculum. Cumulative rhetorical strategy of the whole epistle (1:4; 6:9; 7:7,19,22; 8:6; 9:23; 10:34; 11:16,35,40; 12:24); carries a real risk, given Hungary’s own history, of feeding a supersessionist or anti-Judaic misreading. Teaching notes must consistently frame ‘better’ as fulfillment/surpassing typology, never disparagement of Israel or Judaism.
Obsolete
Approved rendering: elavul / megvénül
Transliteration: palaioō
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: παλαιόω
Category: Covenant
New term for this curriculum. Describes the first covenant’s superseded status (8:13); risk of a Marcionite-sounding disparagement of the Old Testament, which Hebrews elsewhere treats as authoritative Scripture. The obsolescence concerns the covenant’s administrative/sacrificial provisions, not Scripture’s ongoing authority.
Full Assurance
Approved rendering: a hit teljes bizonyossága
Transliteration: plērophoria pisteōs
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: πληροφορία πίστεως
Category: Perseverance and Assurance
New term for this curriculum. Direct extension of the baseline’s Reformed/Catholic assurance-of-salvation fault line, applied specifically to confidence of worship-approach (10:22).
Confession
Approved rendering: hitvallás
Transliteration: homologia
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: ὁμολογία
Category: Perseverance and Assurance
New term for this curriculum. Ties to the baseline’s Critical Romans 10:9 confession-of-Lordship consistency requirement; Hebrews extends ‘confession’ (3:1; 4:14; 10:23) to ongoing public fidelity under pressure to apostatize, not a one-time utterance.
Deliberate Sin
Approved rendering: szándékosan vétkezik
Transliteration: hamartanō hekousiōs
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Original: ἁμαρτάνω ἑκουσίως
Category: Apostasy and Warning
New term for this curriculum. Closely parallels the Catholic mortal-sin category without adopting or rejecting it explicitly (10:26); must be translated to the author’s own warning without invoking or denying the Catholic mortal/venial sin framework in the translated text.
Endurance
Approved rendering: állhatatosság / kitartás
Transliteration: hypomonē / hypomenō
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: ὑπομονή / ὑπομένω
Category: Perseverance and Assurance
New term for this curriculum. Central to the doctrine of the same name (10:36; 12:1-3,7); keep terminologically distinct from, but doctrinally linked to, faith and the athletic race-imagery of chapter 12.
Assurance Substance Of Faith
Approved rendering: bizonyosság / valóság
Transliteration: hypostasis
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Original: ὑπόστασις
Category: Faith
New term for this curriculum. The well-grounded confidence underlying hoped-for things in the definition of faith (11:1; also 3:14), a distinct sense from the same Greek word’s ontological use in 1:3 (‘lényének képmása’). A translator’s note explaining this cross-book lexical-range distinction is required; book-wide consistency rules are explicitly exempted for this term per 06_linguistic_gap_analysis.md.
Reward
Approved rendering: jutalom
Transliteration: misthapodosia
Doctrine: The Reward of Persevering Faith
Original: μισθαποδοσία
Category: Faith
New term for this curriculum. Requires the same care given to baseline ‘kegyelem’ and ‘beszámított igazság’: Catholic merit theology could read this as validating a merit-based system, while Reformed theology reads reward as gracious divine generosity toward faith itself. Translate to Hebrews’ own framing (10:35; 11:6,26) — reward as faith’s fruit, not its meritorious ground — without adjudicating the wider systematic debate.
Medium Risk Terms
Called
Approved rendering: elhívott
Transliteration: klētos
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Occurs in Hebrews 9:15 (those called to the eternal inheritance) and implicitly in 11:8 (Moses’/Abraham’s calling).
Holy
Approved rendering: szent
Transliteration: hagios
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Applied to believers (‘holy brothers,’ Hebrews 3:1) and as the root of sacred-space vocabulary (9:2).
Peace
Approved rendering: béke
Transliteration: eirēnē
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Occurs in the fruit-of-discipline sense (12:14) and the benedictory ‘Isten, a békesség Istene’ (13:20).
Church
Approved rendering: egyház
Transliteration: ekklēsia
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Occurs in Hebrews 2:12’s citation of Psalm 22 and 12:23’s ‘elsőszülöttek gyülekezete/egyháza’.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: Isten országa
Transliteration: basileia tou theou
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Applied to Christ’s eternal throne (1:8) and to the ‘rendíthetetlen ország’ believers receive (12:28).
Sin
Approved rendering: bűn
Transliteration: hamartia
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Object of Christ’s atoning removal (9:26-28) and of the severe warning against deliberate persistence (10:26).
Gentiles
Approved rendering: pogányok / nemzetek
Transliteration: ethnē
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Low direct occurrence since Hebrews addresses primarily Jewish-background readers, but implicit in the new covenant’s universal scope.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: Isten ereje
Transliteration: dynamis theou
Doctrine: Providence
Original: δύναμις
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Used more loosely in Hebrews 1:3 (the Son ‘upholds the universe’) than Romans 1:16’s soteriological sense.
Providence
Approved rendering: gondviselés
Transliteration: pronoia
Doctrine: Providence
Original: πρόνοια (cf. Hebrews 1:3’s ‘upholds the universe’)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Minor, implicit presence in Hebrews 1:3 (the Son sustaining/upholding the universe).
Israel
Approved rendering: Izrael
Transliteration: Israēl
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Addressee of the new covenant promise quoted from Jeremiah (8:8,10) and subject of Moses’ faith (11:22).
Tabernacle
Approved rendering: sátor
Transliteration: skēnē
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: σκηνή
Category: Access and Worship
New term for this curriculum. The Mosaic wilderness sanctuary, contrasted with the greater heavenly tent (8:2,5; 9:2-3,6,8,11,21; 13:10); requires OT background (Exodus 25-27), no confessional division.
Conscience
Approved rendering: lelkiismeret
Transliteration: syneidēsis
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Sanctification
New term for this curriculum. Standard term (9:9,14; 10:2,22; 13:18); pastoral-application differences between Catholic sacramental confession and Reformed direct-forgiveness teaching should be addressed in teaching notes, not in the lexical rendering.
Inheritance
Approved rendering: örökség
Transliteration: klēronomia
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: κληρονομία
Category: Salvation
New term for this curriculum. Related to but terminologically distinct from baseline ‘örökbefogadás’ (adoption); keep the two linked doctrinally but distinct lexically (1:14; 9:15; 11:8).
Typology Shadow Copy
Approved rendering: árnyék / másolat, előkép / valódi dolgok
Transliteration: skia / hypodeigma / antitypon / alētheia
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: σκιά / ὑπόδειγμα / ἀντίτυπον / ἀλήθεια
Category: Covenant
New term for this curriculum. Requires a consistent teaching note across chapters 8-10 clarifying that the ‘shadow’ language honors the Old Testament law’s God-given, preparatory validity rather than dismissing it as unreal or false.
Veil
Approved rendering: kárpit
Transliteration: katapetasma
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: καταπέτασμα
Category: Access and Worship
New term for this curriculum. The torn veil, identified typologically with Christ’s flesh (9:3; 10:20), grounds the direct-access doctrine; modest risk of confusion with unrelated Hungarian sanctuary/rood-screen imagery — teaching note recommended.
Heir
Approved rendering: örökös
Transliteration: klēronomos
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: κληρονόμος
Category: Christology
New term for this curriculum. Applied to the Son as heir of all things (1:2); standard term, low confessional division.
Sabbath Rest
Approved rendering: szombati nyugalom
Transliteration: sabbatismos
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: σαββατισμός
Category: Eschatology
New term for this curriculum. A rare noun (4:9) describing the eschatological rest that remains for God’s people; requires a teaching note distinguishing it from any literal Sabbath-observance controversy, since mainstream Hungarian confessional practice has no Sabbatarian movement.
Hope
Approved rendering: reménység
Transliteration: elpis
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: ἐλπίς
Category: Perseverance and Assurance
New term for this curriculum, pervasive throughout Hebrews (3:6; 6:11,18-19; 7:19; 10:23; 11:1); must be rendered consistently across the whole book.
Oath
Approved rendering: eskü
Transliteration: horkos
Doctrine: God’s Covenant Promise and Oath
Original: ὅρκος
Category: Covenant
New term for this curriculum. God’s sworn guarantee confirming his promise unchangeably (6:16-17; 7:20-21,28); standard legal/covenantal term, no confessional division.
Promise
Approved rendering: ígéret
Transliteration: epangelia
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Original: ἐπαγγελία
Category: Covenant
New term for this curriculum. Pervasive covenant-promise vocabulary (4:1; 6:12-17; 7:6; 8:6; 9:15; 10:36; 11:9,13,17,33,39); must be rendered consistently across chapters 6-11.
Guarantee
Approved rendering: kezes
Transliteration: engyos
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: ἔγγυος
Category: Covenant
New term for this curriculum. Legal-financial hapax term applied to Christ as guarantor of the better covenant (7:22).
Draw Near
Approved rendering: odajárul / közeledik
Transliteration: proserchomai
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: προσέρχομαι
Category: Access and Worship
New term for this curriculum. Consistent direct-access vocabulary (4:16; 7:25; 10:1,22; 11:6; 12:18,22); keep terminologically aligned with ‘bizalommal/bátran’ and ‘közbenjáró’ for doctrinal coherence.
Fearful Judgment
Approved rendering: az ítélet félelmetes várása
Transliteration: phobera hē ekdochē kriseōs
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Original: φοβερὰ ἡ ἐκδοχὴ κρίσεως
Category: Apostasy and Warning
New term for this curriculum. Vivid warning language (10:27); standard vocabulary, must not be softened.
Conviction
Approved rendering: meggyőződés / bizonyíték
Transliteration: elenchos
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Original: ἔλεγχος
Category: Faith
New term for this curriculum. Proof/conviction of things not seen, paired with ‘bizonyosság/valóság’ in the definition of faith (11:1); standard term, no confessional division.
Discipline
Approved rendering: fenyítés / (atyai) nevelés
Transliteration: paideia
Doctrine: Divine Discipline as Fatherly Formation
Original: παιδεία
Category: Perseverance and Assurance
New term for this curriculum. Denotes loving paternal formation, not punitive retribution (12:5-11); Catholic penitential-discipline and Reformed fatherly-chastening framings differ pastorally but not lexically.
Unshakable Kingdom
Approved rendering: rendíthetetlen ország
Transliteration: basileia asaleutos
Doctrine: The Unshakable Kingdom
Original: βασιλεία ἀσάλευτος
Category: Kingdom
New term for this curriculum. Builds on the baseline ‘Isten országa’ entry (12:28); must remain non-political and non-denominational.
Consuming Fire
Approved rendering: megemésztő tűz
Transliteration: pyr katanaliskon
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Original: πῦρ καταναλίσκον
Category: Apostasy and Warning
New term for this curriculum. OT quotation (Deuteronomy 4:24) closing the fifth warning passage (12:29); reinforces reverent fear without contradicting assurance passages elsewhere.
Outside The Camp
Approved rendering: táboron kívül
Transliteration: exō tēs parembolēs
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: ἔξω τῆς παρεμβολῆς
Category: Atonement
New term for this curriculum. Ties Christ’s suffering (13:11,13) to the Yom Kippur sin-offering disposal pattern (Leviticus 16:27); requires OT background note, low confessional division.
Sacrifice Of Praise
Approved rendering: hálaadás / dicséret áldozata
Transliteration: thysia aineseōs
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: θυσία αἰνέσεως
Category: Atonement
New term for this curriculum. Reframes sacrificial vocabulary as verbal praise (13:15), reinforcing rather than undercutting the once-for-all doctrine by locating ongoing ‘sacrifice’ in praise and good works, not repeated atonement.
Leaders
Approved rendering: vezetők / elöljárók
Transliteration: hēgoumenoi
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Original: ἡγούμενοι
Category: Church
New term for this curriculum. Catholic hierarchical clergy structure and Reformed presbyterial/congregational eldership differ in polity, echoing the baseline’s ‘egyház’ note; render the instruction to ‘obey and respect those who watch over your souls’ (13:7,17,24) without assuming either polity model.
Low Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: apostol
Transliteration: apostolos
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Note the unusual application to Christ himself in Hebrews 3:1 (‘apostol és főpap hitvallásunknak’), not found in Romans.
Prophet
Approved rendering: próféta
Transliteration: prophētēs
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Opens the epistle (1:1, ‘a próféták által’).
Prophecy
Approved rendering: prófécia
Transliteration: prophēteia
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Grounds the 1:1-2 contrast between the prophets’ partial speech and God’s final speech in the Son.
David
Approved rendering: Dávid
Transliteration: Dabid
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: Δαβίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Referenced at 4:7 (Psalm citation) and among the faith roll-call at 11:32.
Exhort
Approved rendering: buzdítani
Transliteration: parakaleō
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. The repeated pastoral verb of Hebrews’ warning and comfort passages (3:13; 10:25; 13:19,22).
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: hálaadás
Transliteration: eucharistia
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία (cognate: θυσία αἰνέσεως, 13:15)
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, rendering unchanged. Reframed in Hebrews 13:15 as a continual ‘sacrifice of praise’ — see ‘sacrifice_of_praise’ below.
Anchor
Approved rendering: horgony
Transliteration: ankyra
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: ἄγκυρα
Category: Perseverance and Assurance
New term for this curriculum. Simple, non-doctrinally-divided metaphor for the soul’s firm hope (6:19).
Referenced passages