Core Glossary
Core Glossary — Ephesians (English–Hungarian)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, covering Ephesians chapters 1–6 in full. It is organized in two parts:
- Part A — terms already established in the baseline Romans
translation_memory.json/bible_term_registry.json, reused exactly as recorded there, with Ephesians-specific citation references added. - Part B — new terms introduced by Ephesians, not present in the Romans baseline, each assigned a doctrine-risk tier following the same Critical/High/Medium/Low framework and reasoning conventions as the baseline.
All Critical and High risk terms in Part B must be added to translation_memory.json before Phase 2 translation begins, per the baseline’s term-discovery protocol (see 12_ai_translation_requirements.md, “Translation Memory Load and Enforcement Instructions”).
Part A — Reused Baseline Terms (Romans → Ephesians)
| English Term | Hungarian Rendering | Doctrine Risk | Ephesians Citations | Notes for Ephesians Usage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grace | kegyelem | Critical | 1:6, 7; 2:5, 7, 8; 4:7 | Ephesians 2:8–9 functions for this curriculum exactly as Romans 4:4–5 / 11:5–6 function in the baseline: the decisive grace-not-of-works text. Same forbidden-substitution rules apply. |
| Faith | hit | High | 1:15; 2:8; 3:12, 17; 4:5, 13; 6:16, 23 | Object of faith (Christ) must remain recoverable from context at every occurrence, per baseline. |
| Salvation | üdvösség | Critical | 1:13; 2:5, 8; 6:17 | Same Reformed-perseverance vs. Catholic-ongoing-uncertainty fault line as baseline “Assurance of Salvation” doctrine applies directly to 2:5, 8. |
| Righteousness | igazság | Critical | 4:24; 5:9; 6:14 | Reuse exactly; forensic/moral sense per baseline; appears within the Armor of God list (6:14) — do not substitute a synonym there. |
| Church | egyház | Medium | 1:22; 3:10, 21; 5:23–32 | Ephesians’ distinctive body/head ecclesiology (see Part B, “Body of Christ” / “Head”) sharpens but does not replace the baseline’s Medium-risk institutional-polity caution. |
| Election | kiválasztás | Critical | 1:4 | Same Reformed double-predestination vs. Catholic synergistic fault line as baseline; reinforced by the new “Predestined” entry in Part B. |
| Calling / Called | elhívás / elhívott | Critical / High | 1:18; 4:1, 4 | Same fault line as baseline; 4:1 directly ties “Walking in Newness of Life” to this doctrine. |
| Holy | szent | Medium | 1:4; 5:27 | Standard; low risk. |
| Saints | szentek | High | 1:1, 15, 18; 3:8, 18; 4:12; 5:3; 6:18 | Every occurrence requires the baseline’s mandatory corporate-sense clarifying note (all believers, not exclusively canonized figures). |
| Sanctification | megszentelődés | High | (conceptually 5:26; cf. “old self/new self” Part B) | Direct conceptual link; same Reformed “third use of the law” vs. Catholic sacramental-penitential framing caution applies. |
| Adoption | örökbefogadás | Medium | 1:5 | Reuse exactly; paired with new “Predestined” term (Part B) at the same verse. |
| Resurrection | feltámadás | Critical | 1:20; 2:6 | 2:6’s “raised with him” extends the baseline doctrine into an “already” corporate application; same Critical review requirement. |
| Lord | Úr | Critical | 1:2, 3, 15, 17; 2:21; 3:11; 4:1, 5, 17; 5:8, 10, 17, 19, 20, 22; 6:1, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 21, 23, 24 | Extremely frequent in Ephesians; maintain strict capitalization discipline distinguishing Úr (Christ/God) from lowercase urak (human masters, 6:5–9) — see Part B “Masters.” |
| Gentiles | pogányok | Medium | 2:11; 3:1, 6, 8; 4:17 | Reuse exactly; prefer nemzetek where neutral ethnic sense (not pejorative) is contextually intended, per baseline convention. |
| Glory | dicsőség | Medium | 1:6, 12, 14, 17, 18; 3:13, 16, 21 | Standard usage; no new risk beyond baseline. |
| Power of God | Isten ereje | Medium | 1:19; 3:7, 20 | Extended in Ephesians 1:19–21’s fourfold power-synonym cluster (Part B). |
| Church as God’s People / Body of Christ (doctrine) | — | Medium (baseline) → elevated to High for Ephesians, see Part B “Body” / “Head” | 1:22–23; 4:4, 12, 16, 25; 5:23, 30 | Ephesians develops this baseline doctrine into its own named curriculum doctrine with a sharper Catholic/Reformed collision (Mystical Body/visible headship vs. Christ-alone headship); see Part B. |
| Unity of Jews and Gentiles | (doctrine name reused) | Medium (baseline) → treated as High in Ephesians, see Part B | 2:11–22; 3:6 | Ephesians 2 is the fullest New Testament treatment of this baseline-named doctrine; new supporting terms in Part B. |
| Spiritual Gifts | lelki ajándékok | Medium | 4:7–12 | Reuse exactly; extended with the five named offices in Part B. |
| Fellowship | közösség | Low | (conceptually 4:1–6) | No new risk. |
| Thanksgiving | hálaadás | Low | 1:16; 5:4, 20 | No new risk. |
| Peace | béke | Medium | 1:2; 2:14, 15, 17; 4:3; 6:15, 23 | 2:14–17’s “he himself is our peace” is the doctrine’s fullest Ephesians statement; no new denominational risk beyond baseline. |
| Sin | bűn | Medium | 2:1 (with new term “vétek/paraptōma,” see Part B) | Reuse exactly for hamartia; see Part B for the distinct paraptōma nuance. |
| Father | Atya | Critical | 1:2, 3, 17; 2:18; 3:14; 4:6; 5:20; 6:2, 23 | Reuse exactly; no new risk. |
| Holy Spirit | Szentlélek | Critical | 1:13; 2:18, 22; 3:5, 16; 4:3, 4, 30; 5:18; 6:17, 18 | Reuse exactly; extended within the Armor of God list (6:17) and “filled with the Spirit” (5:18, Part B). |
| Jesus / Christ | Jézus / Krisztus | Critical | throughout | Reuse exactly per baseline transliteration standards. |
| God | Isten | Critical | throughout | Reuse exactly. |
| Covenant | szövetség | Critical | 2:12 | Reuse exactly; plural “covenants of promise” — see Part B note on avoiding over-import of full Reformed federal-theology systematics. |
| Apostle | apostol | Low | 1:1; 2:20; 3:5; 4:11 | Reuse exactly; risk rises to High only in combination with the new “Prophet” pairing at 2:20 and 4:11 — see Part B “Apostles and Prophets (foundational offices).” |
| Prophet / Prophecy | próféta / prófécia | Low | 2:20; 3:5; 4:11 | Reuse exactly; same elevated-risk note as Apostle above. |
Part B — New Terms Introduced by Ephesians
| # | English Term | Original Greek | Transliteration | Hungarian Rendering | Category | Doctrine Risk | Primary Citations | Risk Reasoning (Hungarian Catholic/Reformed & Cultural Context) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mystery | μυστήριον | mystērion | titok | Mystery of Christ | Critical | 1:9; 3:3,4,6,9; 5:32; 6:19 | The Vulgate rendered mystērion as sacramentum, historically seeding the Catholic doctrine of the seven sacraments — most consequentially at 5:32, a foundational proof-text for marriage as sacramental. Hungarian Reformed tradition holds only two sacraments and rejects marriage’s sacramental status. Must render plainly as “titok” (hidden-plan-now-revealed) at every occurrence without silently endorsing or polemically stripping the sacramental resonance Catholic readers may supply. Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence. |
| 2 | Predestined | προορίζω | proorizō | eleve elrendelt | Election and Predestination | Critical | 1:5, 11 | Doctrinally identical fault line to baseline’s kiválasztás (election): Reformed double-predestination vs. Catholic synergistic cooperation. Translate Paul’s own clause without adopting either system. Alternatives rejected: “eleve elrendelt, mely emberi szabad akaratot kizár” (forces exclusive-Calvinist reading); “eleve elrendelt, mely csak előretudást jelent” (empties the term of determinative content). Mandatory theologian review, every occurrence. |
| 3 | Baptism | βάπτισμα | baptisma | keresztség | Household/Church Unity | Critical | 4:5 | Catholic sacramental theology (CCC §1213) holds baptism confers regenerating grace and remits original sin ex opere operato; Hungarian Reformed tradition (paedobaptist, unlike many global Reformed bodies) holds baptism as covenantal sign/seal of grace received by faith, not itself regenerating apart from faith. “One baptism” must be translated to affirm ecclesial unity of rite without adjudicating sacramental efficacy. Mandatory theologian review. |
| 4 | Head (ecclesial/household) | κεφαλή | kephalē | fej | Church as Body of Christ / Household Codes | Critical | 1:22; 4:15; 5:23 | Catholic ecclesiology (Mystici Corporis Christi, 1943) affirms visible headship exercised through the Pope as Christ’s earthly vicar; Hungarian Reformed ecclesiology holds Christ alone is Head, no earthly vicar-head, church governed by presbyterian courts under Christ’s sole headship. At 5:23 this compounds with the household-codes complementarian/egalitarian sensitivity. Translate plainly (Christ alone is head of the church; husband is head of wife per the stated analogy) without adjudicating human vicarial headship or resolving the complementarian/egalitarian debate within the translated text. Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence. |
| 5 | Body (of Christ, ecclesial) | σῶμα | sōma | test | Church as Body of Christ | High | 1:23; 2:16; 4:4, 12, 16, 25; 5:23, 30 | Organic-union ecclesiology; collides with the same Catholic Mystical-Body/hierarchical vs. Reformed Christ-alone-Head fault line as “Head” above, though with somewhat lower risk since the term itself (unlike “head”) does not directly encode the authority question. Flag for theologian review where paired with “Head.” |
| 6 | Predestination/Election doctrine cross-reference: Purpose / Counsel of His Will | πρόθεσις / βουλή τοῦ θελήματος | prothesis / boulē tou thelēmatos | szándéka / akaratának tanácsa | Election and Predestination | High | 1:9, 11 | Reinforces the Critical eleve elrendelt / kiválasztás cluster; treat with the same systematic-overlay caution. |
| 7 | Redemption | ἀπολύτρωσις | apolytrōsis | megváltás | Salvation / Atonement | High | 1:7, 14 | Standard, shared vocabulary across traditions; primary risk is preserving the “price paid” (blood) sense rather than a generic-rescue flattening; connects to the baseline’s flagged atonement/propitiation Critical concern (Romans 3:25). |
| 8 | Forgiveness (of trespasses) | ἄφεσις | aphesis | bűnök bocsánata | Salvation | Medium | 1:7 | Standard, well-established Károli-tradition phrase; low ambiguity. |
| 9 | Trespasses (distinct nuance from “sin”) | παράπτωμα | paraptōma | vétek | Sin | Low | 2:1, 5 | Distinguishable from hamartia (bűn) as concrete act vs. settled condition; recommend preserving both words in 2:1’s double phrase rather than collapsing to one term. |
| 10 | Mercy (distinct from Grace) | ἔλεος | eleos | irgalom | Grace | Medium | 2:4 | Distinct from charis (kegyelem); eleos responds to misery/helplessness, charis to demerit. Recommend preserving both words distinctly in 2:4–8 rather than collapsing into “kegyelem” alone. |
| 11 | Made alive together with (Christ) | συζωοποιέω | synzōopoieō | együtt megelevenít | Christian Identity in Christ / Resurrection | High | 2:5 | The syn- (“with”) compound encodes union-with-Christ theology; must not be flattened to a simple “megelevenít” that loses the “together with Christ” union sense. Connects to baseline’s Critical “Christian Identity in Christ” (Romans 6) doctrine. |
| 12 | Heavenly places | ἐπουράνιος | epouranios | mennyei helyek | Church as Body of Christ / Spiritual Warfare | Medium | 1:3, 20; 2:6; 3:10; 6:12 | Structural thread through the whole book (believer’s exalted position and site of spiritual conflict); maintain consistent rendering across all five occurrences. |
| 13 | Riches (of grace/glory) | πλοῦτος | ploutos | gazdagság | Grace | Medium | 1:7, 18; 2:7; 3:8, 16 | Standard vocabulary; low ambiguity; reinforces the Critical “Grace” doctrine rhetorically. |
| 14 | Fullness | πλήρωμα | plērōma | teljesség | Church as Body of Christ | High | 1:23; 3:19; 4:13 | Risk of misreading through a New Age/pantheistic “cosmic plenitude” lens (a live, if minor, Hungarian alternative-spirituality subculture concern); must be taught as Christ’s own fullness expressed through/identified with the church, never an impersonal plenitude. |
| 15 | Sealed / Seal | σφραγίζω | sphragizō | elpecsétel | Assurance of Salvation | Critical | 1:13; 4:30 | Continuous with baseline’s Critical “Assurance of Salvation” doctrine (Romans 8); Reformed reading treats the Spirit’s seal as settled, perseverance-consistent guarantee, Catholic reading affirms the gift while holding final salvation contingent on perseverance. Translate the image plainly without resolving the assurance question. Mandatory theologian review. |
| 16 | Guarantee / Down payment | ἀρραβών | arrabōn | zálog | Assurance of Salvation | Critical | 1:14 | Paired with “Sealed” above; same Critical reasoning and review requirement. |
| 17 | Inheritance | κληρονομία | klēronomia | örökség | Adoption into God’s Family | Medium | 1:14, 18; 5:5 | Keep terminologically distinct from örökbefogadás (adoption, the act) to preserve Paul’s act/possession distinction. |
| 18 | Power / Working / Might / Dominion (cluster) | δύναμις / ἐνέργεια / ἰσχύς / κράτος | dynamis / energeia / ischys / kratos | erő / hatóerő / hatalom / erőhatalom | Power of God | Medium | 1:19, 21; 3:7, 20; 6:10 | Four near-synonyms stacked for rhetorical intensification; vary Hungarian vocabulary rather than repeating one word, while anchoring to baseline’s Isten ereje where a single unifying gloss is needed. |
| 19 | Sum up / unite under one head | ἀνακεφαλαιόω | anakephalaioō | egybefoglal | Church as Body of Christ | High | 1:10 | Built on the kephalē (“head”) root; cosmic unification described in body/head imagery from its first mention — connect explicitly to the Critical “Head” entry above. |
| 20 | Foundation of apostles and prophets | θεμέλιος (τῶν ἀποστόλων καὶ προφητῶν) | themelios | apostolok és próféták alapja | Gifts for Building Up the Church | High | 2:20 | Intersects the apostolic-succession (Catholic) vs. cessationist (broadly Protestant/Reformed) debate over the nature and continuity of the foundational apostolic/prophetic office; see also entry 27 below. |
| 21 | Cornerstone | ἀκρογωνιαῖος | akrogōniaios | szegletkő | Church as Body of Christ | Low | 2:20 | Established Károli-tradition vocabulary (cf. Psalm 118:22; Isaiah 28:16); low ambiguity in itself. |
| 22 | Temple | ναός | naos | templom / szentély | Church as Body of Christ | Medium | 2:21 | Denotes the sanctuary proper; ensure distinct from a mere “building” sense per baseline’s “church” doctrine caution. |
| 23 | Dividing wall | μεσότοιχον (τοῦ φραγμοῦ) | mesotoichon | elválasztó fal / válaszfal | Unity of Jews and Gentiles | High | 2:14 | Central image for the doctrine; additional pastoral resonance given Hungary’s own history with literal dividing walls/borders — flag for native speaker review to keep the metaphor theologically, not politically, focused. |
| 24 | Hostility / Enmity | ἔχθρα | echthra | ellenségeskedés | Unity of Jews and Gentiles | Medium | 2:14, 16 | Standard vocabulary; paired with “dividing wall” above. |
| 25 | One new man / new humanity | καινὸς ἄνθρωπος (εἷς) | kainos anthrōpos | egy új ember | Unity of Jews and Gentiles | High | 2:15 | Corporate “new humanity” sense distinct from the individual moral-renewal “new self” of 4:24 (entry 33); clarify the distinction in a teaching note given the shared English gloss. |
| 26 | Reconcile / Reconciliation | ἀποκαταλλάσσω | apokatallassō | megbékéltet / kibékít | Unity of Jews and Gentiles | High | 2:16 | New term not previously catalogued in the Romans baseline (despite Romans 5:10–11 using the cognate word family); distinctive here for its explicit horizontal (Jew-Gentile) as well as vertical (God-humanity) scope. |
| 27 | Access | προσαγωγή | prosagōgē | szabad út / hozzájárulás | Prayer and Intercession | Medium | 2:18; 3:12 | Direct, unmediated access to the Father for all believers; resonates with and reinforces the baseline’s “Intercession” doctrine note as a corrective for readers accustomed to devotional saintly/Marian intercessory patterns. |
| 28 | Household of God | οἰκεῖος (τοῦ θεοῦ) | oikeios | Isten háza népe | Church as Body of Christ | Medium | 2:19 | Standard architectural-family metaphor; low ambiguity beyond the broader ecclesiology cluster. |
| 29 | Fellow heirs / Fellow body-members / Fellow partakers | συγκληρονόμος / σύσσωμος / συμμέτοχος | synklēronomos / syssōmos / symmetochos | örököstársak / egy test tagjai / részesek | Unity of Jews and Gentiles | High | 3:6 | Triple syn- (“co-”) compound emphasizing full, undiminished Gentile participation; preserve the “together/co-” prefix pattern in Hungarian where possible. |
| 30 | Stewardship | οἰκονομία | oikonomia | sáfárság | Mystery of Christ Revealed | Medium | 3:2, 9 | Standard, well-established Hungarian theological term with low denominational ambiguity. |
| 31 | Principalities and powers (heavenly, positive frame) | ἀρχαί καὶ ἐξουσίαι | archai kai exousiai | fejedelemségek és hatalmasságok | Mystery of Christ Revealed / Spiritual Warfare | Medium | 3:10 | Reuse consistently with the Chapter 6 (High-risk, adversarial-frame) occurrence of the same phrase for cross-book terminological consistency. |
| 32 | Boldness (of access) | παρρησία | parrēsia | bátorság | Prayer and Intercession | Medium | 3:12 | Reinforces the direct-access theme of entry 27. |
| 33 | Old self / New self (individual-ethical) | παλαιὸς ἄνθρωπος / καινός [νέος] ἄνθρωπος | palaios anthrōpos / kainos/neos anthrōpos | óember / újember | Walking in Newness of Life / Sanctification | High | 4:22, 24 | Standard Károli-tradition vocabulary; carries the same Reformed “third use of the law” vs. Catholic sacramental-penitential sanctification-framework caution already documented in the baseline for megszentelődés. Distinguish from the corporate “one new man” of 2:15 (entry 25). |
| 34 | Evangelist | εὐαγγελιστής | euangelistēs | evangélista | Gifts for Building Up the Church | Medium | 4:11 | New office-term; low denominational ambiguity in itself, though part of the broader apostles/prophets office-continuity discussion (entry 20 / 35). |
| 35 | Shepherd / Pastor | ποιμήν | poimēn | pásztor | Gifts for Building Up the Church | Medium | 4:11 | Standard pastoral-office vocabulary shared across traditions, though the office’s precise polity (episcopal/hierarchical vs. presbyterian/congregational) differs by tradition — a lower-stakes echo of the baseline’s “church” polity caution. |
| 36 | Teacher | διδάσκαλος | didaskalos | tanító | Gifts for Building Up the Church | Low | 4:11 | Standard vocabulary; low ambiguity. |
| 37 | Apostles and prophets (office continuity) | ἀπόστολοι καὶ προφῆται | apostoloi kai prophētai | apostolok és próféták (offices) | Gifts for Building Up the Church | High | 2:20; 4:11 | Whether these are closed, first-century-only foundational offices (majority Reformed/broader Protestant cessationism) or offices continuing in some form (variously argued, and differently again reflected in Catholic apostolic succession through the episcopate) is a genuine denominational fault line. Translate the list plainly without asserting either reading. |
| 38 | Submit to one another | ὑποτάσσω (ἀλλήλοις) | hypotassō | alárendelik / alávetik magukat egymásnak | Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships | High | 5:21 | Interpretive hinge for the whole household-codes section; complementarian/egalitarian reading debate cuts across, not neatly along, the Catholic-Reformed line already documented elsewhere. Translate plainly, preserving mutuality without resolving the debate in the translated text. |
| 39 | Sacrifice / Fragrant offering | θυσία / προσφορά (εἰς ὀσμὴν εὐωδίας) | thysia / prosphora | áldozat / jó illatú áldozat | Salvation / Atonement | High | 5:2 | Old Testament sacrificial vocabulary applied to Christ’s once-for-all self-offering; sensitive given the Catholic Eucharistic theology of re-presented sacrifice, which the Hungarian Reformed tradition’s once-for-all, non-repeated Lord’s Supper theology rejects. |
| 40 | Children of light / Fruit of light | τέκνα φωτός / καρπὸς τοῦ φωτός | tekna phōtos / karpos phōtos | világosság gyermekei / a világosság gyümölcse | Walking in Newness of Life | Low-Medium | 5:8 | Standard identity-and-fruit ethical metaphor; low ambiguity. |
| 41 | Be filled with the Spirit | πληρόω (ἐν πνεύματι) | plēroō | betöltekezik Lélekkel | Spiritual Gifts / Sanctification | Medium | 5:18 | Ongoing, repeated filling (not a one-time crisis experience); same cautious, non-charismatic-exclusive, non-cessationist framing as baseline’s “Spiritual Gifts” entry. |
| 42 | Washing of water with the word | λουτρὸν τοῦ ὕδατος ἐν ῥήματι | loutron… en rhēmati | a víz fürdője az ige által | Church as Body of Christ / Baptism | High | 5:26 | Possible baptismal allusion intersecting the entry-3 Baptism Critical concern; do not resolve, within the translation, whether this is a direct sacramental reference or a broader word-cleansing metaphor. |
| 43 | Masters (secular sense of kyrios) | κύριοι | kyrioi | urak (lowercase) | Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships | High | 6:5, 9 | Same lexeme as the Critical “Lord” (Úr, capitalized) elsewhere; the passage’s own wordplay (v. 9) depends on the Hungarian text visibly distinguishing capitalized Úr (Christ) from lowercase urak (human masters). Flag for native speaker review on this capitalization/disambiguation point specifically. |
| 44 | Bondservants / Slaves | δοῦλοι | douloi | szolgák | Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships | Medium | 6:5 | Historical-institution sensitivity; supplement with a translator note distinguishing Paul’s pastoral instruction within the historical institution of slavery from any endorsement of the institution itself — shared ground across all Hungarian traditions today. |
| 45 | No partiality (with God) | προσωπολημψία | prosōpolēmpsia | személyválogatás | Universal Human Accountability | Low-Medium | 6:9 | Standard vocabulary; reinforces baseline’s “Universal Human Accountability” doctrine. |
| 46 | Armor of God / Full armor | πανοπλία (τοῦ θεοῦ) | panoplia | Isten teljes fegyverzete | Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God | High | 6:11, 13 | Central risk is folk-religious/superstitious misreading given residual Hungarian folk-magical protective practices (rontás, szemmelverés, charms); must be taught as moral/spiritual realities appropriated by faith and prayer, never as talisman or ritual formula. |
| 47 | Rulers, authorities, cosmic powers, spiritual forces of evil | ἀρχαί, ἐξουσίαι, κοσμοκράτορες, πνευματικὰ τῆς πονηρίας | archai, exousiai, kosmokratores, pneumatika tēs ponērias | fejedelemségek, hatalmasságok, e sötét világ urai, a gonoszság lelkei | Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God | High | 6:12 | Same folk-religious collision risk as entry 46; teach as real, personal, but decisively defeated and subordinate spiritual opposition (cf. 1:20–21), addressed through the equipment of vv. 14–18 and prayer, never folk-magical counter-ritual. |
| 48 | Belt of truth / Breastplate of righteousness / Shoes of the gospel of peace / Shield of faith / Helmet of salvation / Sword of the Spirit | ζώνη τῆς ἀληθείας / θώραξ τῆς δικαιοσύνης / [ἑτοιμασία τοῦ] εὐαγγελίου τῆς εἰρήνης / θυρεὸς τῆς πίστεως / περικεφαλαία τοῦ σωτηρίου / μάχαιρα τοῦ πνεύματος | zōnē tēs alētheias, etc. | igazság öve, igazságosság vasderéka, békesség evangéliumának saruja, hit pajzsa, üdvösség sisakja, Lélek kardja | Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God | Critical (by inheritance) | 6:14–17 | Each piece embeds a previously Critical baseline term (righteousness, gospel, faith, salvation, Spirit); every one of these words must exactly match its baseline rendering — no stylistic-variation substitutions permitted within this list. |
| 49 | Ambassador in chains | πρεσβεύω ἐν ἁλύσει | presbeuō | követ, bilincsben | Gospel / Mission | Low | 6:20 | Biographical/rhetorical; low doctrinal risk. |
Risk Summary (Ephesians-Specific, Part B New Terms Only)
| Risk Tier | Count | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 6 (#1, 2, 3, 4, 15, 16, 48) — note #48 inherits Critical status from embedded baseline terms | Human theologian, mandatory, every occurrence |
| High | 20 | Human theologian |
| Medium | 18 | Native speaker review |
| Low | 5 | Automated review sufficient |
Combined with the Part A reused baseline terms (all of which retain their original baseline risk tiers, several elevated in practical scope by Ephesians’ distinctive body/head ecclesiology and predestination emphasis), this glossary gives full-book, chapter-by-chapter coverage of Ephesians 1–6 consistent with the baseline Romans Language Package’s risk-tiering conventions.
Critical Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: kegyelem
Transliteration: charis
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: kegyelem mint érdemek által gyarapítható, szentségek közvetítette adomány (tridenti értelmezés)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 2:8-9 functions for this curriculum exactly as Romans 4:4-5/11:5-6 function in the baseline: the decisive grace-not-of-works text. Distinguish carefully from ‘irgalom’ (mercy, eleos) at 2:4 — do not collapse the two distinct Greek words into one Hungarian word.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: igazság
Transliteration: dikaiosynē
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Appears in the ethical ‘new self’ context (4:24), the fruit-of-light triad (5:9), and the Armor of God list (6:14, ‘breastplate of righteousness’) — must not be substituted with a synonym in the armor list for stylistic variety.
Justification
Approved rendering: megigazulás
Transliteration: dikaiōsis
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: fokozatos belső megszentelődés kizárólag, jogi kijelentés nélkül (tridenti értelmezés)
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians does not use the specific forensic-declaration noun (dikaiōsis) but the doctrine underlies the core passage’s grace/faith/works argument (2:8-9); keep consistent with the baseline’s forensic-plus-neutral rendering wherever cross-referenced in teaching notes.
Salvation
Approved rendering: üdvösség
Transliteration: sōtēria
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Same Reformed-perseverance vs. Catholic-ongoing-uncertainty fault line as baseline ‘Assurance of Salvation’ doctrine applies directly to Ephesians 2:5,8 and the ‘helmet of salvation’ (6:17).
Calling
Approved rendering: elhívás
Transliteration: klēsis
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: ellenállhatatlan elhívás mint kizárólagos érvényes olvasat, katolikus szinergizmus kizárásával
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Same Reformed ‘irresistible calling’ vs. Catholic synergistic fault line as the baseline applies at Eph 1:18; 4:1,4.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: feltámadás
Transliteration: anastasis / egeirō
Doctrine: Resurrection and Union with Christ
Original: ἀνάστασις (conceptual, via ἐγείρω)
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 2:6 (‘raised us up with him’) extends the baseline doctrine into an already-accomplished corporate application distinct from Romans’ more future-oriented emphasis; do not soften the aorist tense’s already-accomplished sense.
Lord
Approved rendering: Úr
Transliteration: kyrios
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Extremely frequent in Ephesians (over twenty occurrences). Maintain strict capitalization discipline distinguishing capitalized ‘Úr’ (Christ/God) from lowercase ‘urak’ (human masters, 6:5-9); Paul’s own wordplay at 6:9 depends on this distinction being visible in Hungarian.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: Isten Fia
Transliteration: huios theou
Doctrine: Sonship and Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Isten fia általános értelemben, minden hívőre alkalmazva
Original: υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at Eph 4:13 (‘knowledge of the Son of God’), the letter’s fullest single doctrinal statement of Christ’s unique Sonship, distinct from believers’ adoptive sonship (1:5).
Covenant
Approved rendering: szövetség
Transliteration: diathēkē
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: szövetség kizárólag jogi vagy politikai szerződésként
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 2:12’s plural ‘covenants of promise’ refers to the Abrahamic, Mosaic, and Davidic covenants collectively. Avoid letting the plural default entirely into the fully developed Reformed federal-theology system; Paul’s own historical referents are primary.
Election
Approved rendering: kiválasztás
Transliteration: eklogē / exelexato
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Rejected alternatives: kiválasztás, mely emberi együttműködés nélkül értelmezhetetlen (szinergista olvasat kényszerítése), kiválasztás mint szabad akarat nélküli, vak végzet (fatalista félreolvasás)
Original: ἐκλογή (cf. ἐξελέξατο, 1:4)
Category: Election
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 1:4 anchors election specifically ‘in Christ… before the foundation of the world,’ sharpening the baseline’s Reformed double-predestination vs. Catholic synergistic-cooperation fault line.
Jesus
Approved rendering: Jézus
Transliteration: Iēsous
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly throughout Ephesians, frequently paired with ‘Christ’ as ‘Krisztus Jézus’.
God
Approved rendering: Isten
Transliteration: theos
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Standard and unambiguous throughout Ephesians.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Szentlélek
Transliteration: pneuma hagion
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Appears within the Critical Armor of God list (6:17, ‘sword of the Spirit’) and the ‘filled with the Spirit’ command (5:18).
Father
Approved rendering: Atya
Transliteration: patēr
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 1:2,3,17; 2:18; 3:14; 4:6; 5:20; 6:2,23.
Christ
Approved rendering: Krisztus
Transliteration: Christos
Doctrine: Sonship and Deity of Christ
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
New registry key for this package (the Romans baseline used ‘jesus’ and ‘messiah’ but did not separately key ‘christ’). Reuses the established Károli-tradition transliteration ‘Krisztus’ exactly; frequently paired with ‘Jézus’ as ‘Krisztus Jézus’ throughout Ephesians (2:6-7,10,13); referent of the mystery (1:9-10; 3:4) and of the church’s headship (1:22-23; 5:23).
Mystery
Approved rendering: titok
Transliteration: mystērion
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
Rejected alternatives: misztérium (Latinate loanword; leans toward New Age/esoteric registers in contemporary Hungarian usage), szentség (would import the Catholic sacramental-marriage reading directly into the translated text itself)
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Mystery
The Vulgate rendered mystērion as sacramentum, historically seeding the Catholic doctrine of the seven sacraments — most consequentially at 5:32, a foundational proof-text for marriage’s sacramentality, a status the Hungarian Reformed two-sacrament tradition rejects. Render plainly as ‘titok’ at every occurrence (1:9; 3:3,4,6,9; 5:32; 6:19), anchored to revelation-language (‘kijelentett,’ ‘megismertetett’) rather than left as an unqualified noun. Mandatory theologian review every occurrence; explicit translator note required at 5:32.
Predestined
Approved rendering: eleve elrendelt
Transliteration: proorizō
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Rejected alternatives: eleve elrendelt, mely emberi szabad akaratot kizár (forces an exclusive-Calvinist reading excluding free will as a live category), eleve elrendelt, mely csak Isten előretudását jelenti, a döntés valódi tartalma nélkül (empties the term of determinative content, reducing it to mere foreknowledge)
Original: προορίζω
Category: Election
Doctrinally identical fault line to ‘election’; specified as its own verb at Eph 1:5,11. Do not introduce the Reformed catechetical technical label ‘kettős eleve elrendelés’ (double predestination) into the translated text. Mandatory theologian review, every occurrence.
Baptism
Approved rendering: keresztség
Transliteration: baptisma
Doctrine: Baptismal Unity
Original: βάπτισμα
Category: Church
Catholic sacramental theology (CCC §1213) holds baptism confers regenerating grace and remits original sin ex opere operato; the Hungarian Reformed Church, though also paedobaptist, holds baptism as a covenantal sign/seal of grace received by faith, not itself regenerating apart from faith. Eph 4:5’s ‘one baptism’ must affirm ecclesial unity of rite without adjudicating sacramental efficacy. Mandatory theologian review.
Head
Approved rendering: fej
Transliteration: kephalē
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: κεφαλή
Category: Church
Catholic ecclesiology (Mystici Corporis Christi, 1943) affirms Christ’s headship exercised visibly through the Pope; Hungarian Reformed ecclesiology holds Christ alone is Head, no earthly vicar-head. At 5:23 this compounds with household-codes complementarian/egalitarian sensitivity. Translate plainly (Christ alone is head of the church; husband is head of wife per the stated analogy) without adjudicating human vicarial headship or the complementarian/egalitarian debate. Occurs 1:22; 4:15; 5:23. Mandatory theologian review every occurrence.
Sealed
Approved rendering: elpecsétel
Transliteration: sphragizō
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation
Original: σφραγίζω
Category: Salvation
Continuous with the baseline’s Critical ‘Assurance of Salvation’ doctrine (Romans 8); Reformed reading treats the seal as a settled, perseverance-consistent guarantee; Catholic reading affirms the gift while holding final salvation contingent on perseverance. Translate the image (1:13; 4:30) plainly without resolving the assurance question.
Guarantee
Approved rendering: zálog
Transliteration: arrabōn
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation
Original: ἀρραβών
Category: Salvation
Paired with ‘sealed’ (Eph 1:14); same Critical reasoning and mandatory theologian review requirement. Dominant contemporary register (zálogház, pawnshop) risks a transactional flattening; supplement with a teaching note anchoring it to the Spirit’s personal presence, not a commercial pledge.
Word Of God
Approved rendering: Isten igéje
Transliteration: rhēma theou
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: ῥῆμα θεοῦ
Category: Spiritual Warfare
Embedded within the Critical Armor of God list (Eph 6:17, ‘sword of the Spirit’); pairs with the Critical ‘Szentlélek’ and must be rendered consistently with the book’s Scripture-authority vocabulary — do not substitute a synonym.
Children Of Wrath By Nature
Approved rendering: természet szerint a haragnak fiai
Transliteration: tekna physei orgēs
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Eph 2:3. One of the clearest New Testament statements of inherited sinfulness outside Romans 5:12-19. Intersects a genuine difference between Catholic dogmatics (Trent: baptism removes original sin’s guilt, concupiscence remains but is not itself sin) and Reformed dogmatics (total depravity persisting until regeneration, infant baptism understood covenantally). Translate Paul’s own claim — an inborn, universal condition of just liability to wrath prior to grace — without resolving into either community’s baptismal/original-sin systematics. Mandatory theologian review.
Armor Pieces List
Approved rendering: igazság öve, igazságosság vasderéka, békesség evangéliumának saruja, hit pajzsa, üdvösség sisakja, Lélek kardja
Transliteration: zōnē tēs alētheias, thōrax tēs dikaiosynēs, [hetoimasia tou] euangeliou tēs eirēnēs, thyreos tēs pisteōs, perikephalaia tou sōtēriou, machaira tou pneumatos
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Eph 6:14-17. Each piece embeds a previously Critical baseline term (righteousness, gospel, faith, salvation, Spirit); every one of these words must exactly match its baseline rendering — no stylistic-variation substitutions permitted within this list. Critical by inheritance from the embedded baseline terms.
Created For Good Works
Approved rendering: Krisztus Jézusban teremtve jó cselekedetekre
Transliteration: ktisthentes en Christō Iēsou epi ergois agathois
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Eph 2:10, the hinge verse between ‘Salvation by Grace through Faith’ and ‘Walking in Newness of Life.’ Works are excluded as the ground of salvation (2:9) but restored as its God-prepared purpose (2:10). Catholic catechesis will hear confirmation of cooperating good works’ necessity within the economy of grace; Reformed catechesis will hear good works strictly as fruit that necessarily follows genuine faith. State Paul’s own claim without adjudicating between the two systematic elaborations. Mandatory theologian review.
Works
Approved rendering: cselekedetek
Transliteration: erga
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Eph 2:9. Never let ‘cselekedetek’ here be glossed to (a) deny any place for good works altogether (contradicting 2:10 and Ephesians 4-6) or (b) reintroduce works as a partial ground of justification alongside grace (the Tridentine merit-cooperation reading the baseline’s ‘kegyelem’ and ‘megigazulás’ entries already flag as rejected). Mandatory theologian review; must be read together with ‘created_for_good_works.‘
Gift
Approved rendering: ajándék
Transliteration: dōron
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: adomány (softened rendering implying a reward for prior merit — the explicitly rejected Tridentine-only alternative already recorded in the baseline’s kegyelem entry)
Eph 2:8, ‘this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God.’ Do not allow ‘ajándék’ to be softened toward ‘adomány’ in a way that implies reward for prior merit. This clause, together with the ‘works’ clause of 2:9, is Ephesians’ counterpart to Romans 4:4-5 and 11:5-6. Mandatory theologian review.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: evangélium
Transliteration: euangelion
Doctrine: Gospel
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Appears in Ephesians as ‘gospel of peace’ (6:15) and ‘gospel of your salvation’ (1:13); embedded within the Critical Armor of God list at 6:15 — must not be substituted with a synonym there.
Faith
Approved rendering: hit
Transliteration: pistis
Doctrine: Faith
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Object of faith (Christ) must remain recoverable from context at every Ephesians occurrence (1:15; 2:8; 3:12,17; 4:5,13; 6:16,23), including within the Critical Armor of God list (6:16, ‘shield of faith’) and the sevenfold unity litany (4:5, ‘one faith’).
Called
Approved rendering: elhívott
Transliteration: klētos
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 4:1,4 ties this directly to the ‘Walking in Newness of Life’ doctrine.
Saints
Approved rendering: szentek
Transliteration: hagioi
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: szentek mint kizárólagosan kanonizált, közbenjárásra kért személyek (katolikus olvasat)
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Every Ephesians occurrence (1:1,15,18; 3:8,18; 4:12; 5:3; 6:18) requires the baseline’s mandatory corporate-sense clarifying note: applies to all believers, not exclusively canonized figures venerated in Catholic popular piety. Six distinct occurrences across all six chapters.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: megszentelődés
Transliteration: hagiasmos
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἁγιασμός (cf. ἁγιάσῃ, 5:26)
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Conceptually present at 5:26 (‘that he might sanctify her’); extended to the ‘old self/new self’ contrast at 4:22-24. Same Reformed ‘third use of the law’ vs. Catholic sacramental-penitential framing caution as the baseline applies.
Law
Approved rendering: törvény
Transliteration: nomos
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: νόμος (ὁ νόμος τῶν ἐντολῶν)
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 2:15’s ‘abolishing in his flesh the law of commandments and ordinances’ is distinctively Ephesians. Translate Paul’s specific claim (the law’s function as an ethnic dividing barrier abolished in Christ) without importing the Reformed threefold-use-of-the-law framework as the text’s own claim.
Intercession
Approved rendering: közbenjárás
Transliteration: enteuxis / hyperentynchanei
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Rejected alternatives: kizárólag szentek és Mária közbenjárása mint szükséges (katolikus olvasat)
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians does not use this exact noun, but the doctrine is anchored by the new terms ‘access’ (2:18; 3:12) and ‘boldness’ (3:12), which express this letter’s Reformed-resonant direct-access emphasis, as documented for Romans 8:26-27,34.
Body
Approved rendering: test
Transliteration: sōma
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: σῶμα
Category: Church
Same Catholic Mystical-Body/hierarchical vs. Reformed Christ-alone-Head fault line as ‘head,’ though lower risk since the term itself does not directly encode authority. Also risks unintended activation of Eucharistic ‘Krisztus teste’ (Lord’s Supper) associations, not previously flagged in the Romans baseline since Romans does not develop body-of-Christ ecclesiology to this degree; anchor contextually with ‘egyház’ nearby. Occurs 1:23; 2:16; 4:4,12,16,25; 5:23,30.
Redemption
Approved rendering: megváltás
Transliteration: apolytrōsis
Doctrine: Redemption and Atonement
Original: ἀπολύτρωσις
Category: Salvation
Standard, shared vocabulary across Hungarian traditions; primary risk is preserving the ‘price paid through his blood’ sense (1:7) rather than a generic-rescue flattening; connects to the baseline’s flagged atonement/propitiation Critical concern (Romans 3:25). Occurs 1:7,14.
Made Alive With Christ
Approved rendering: együtt megelevenít
Transliteration: synzōopoieō
Doctrine: Resurrection and Union with Christ
Rejected alternatives: megelevenít (single-word simplification that drops the syn- ‘with Christ’ union sense)
Original: συζωοποιέω
Category: Christology
The syn- prefix grammatically encodes union-with-Christ theology; must not be flattened to a simple ‘megelevenít.’ Connects directly to the baseline’s Critical ‘Christian Identity in Christ’ doctrine (Romans 6). Eph 2:5. Retain the two-word constructed phrase as fixed vocabulary.
Fullness
Approved rendering: teljesség
Transliteration: plērōma
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: πλήρωμα
Category: Church
Risk of misreading through a New Age/pantheistic ‘cosmic plenitude’ lens, a live if minor Hungarian alternative-spirituality subculture concern; must be taught as Christ’s own fullness expressed through and identified with the church (1:23; 3:19; 4:13), never an impersonal plenitude.
Sum Up Unite Under Head
Approved rendering: egybefoglal
Transliteration: anakephalaioō
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: ἀνακεφαλαιόω
Category: Church
Built directly on the ‘kephalē’ (‘head’) root; the cosmic unification of all things is described using head/body imagery from its first mention (1:10) — connect explicitly to the Critical ‘head’ entry when teaching this verse. No natural Hungarian compound visibly preserves the root without sounding artificial; supplement with a teaching note.
Foundation Of Apostles And Prophets
Approved rendering: apostolok és próféták alapja
Transliteration: themelios tōn apostolōn kai prophētōn
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: θεμέλιος τῶν ἀποστόλων καὶ προφητῶν
Category: Church
Intersects the apostolic-succession (Catholic, via the episcopate) vs. cessationist (majority Hungarian Reformed/Protestant) debate over whether these are closed, first-century-only offices or offices continuing in some form. Translate 2:20 plainly without a continuity/closure verb not present in the source; same issue recurs at 4:11.
Dividing Wall
Approved rendering: elválasztó fal / válaszfal
Transliteration: mesotoichon tou phragmou
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: μεσότοιχον τοῦ φραγμοῦ
Category: Church
Central image for the doctrine (2:14); carries additional pastoral resonance given Hungary’s own twentieth-century history of literal dividing walls/borders (Trianon, the Iron Curtain) and ethnic-national hostilities. Flag for native speaker review to keep the metaphor theologically, not politically, focused.
One New Man
Approved rendering: egy új ember
Transliteration: heis kainos anthrōpos
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: καινὸς ἄνθρωπος (εἷς)
Category: Church
Corporate ‘new humanity’ sense (Eph 2:15) distinct from the individual moral-renewal ‘new self’ of 4:24 (see ‘old_self_new_self’); clarify the distinction in a teaching note given the shared Hungarian gloss for two related-but-distinct usages within the same letter.
Reconcile
Approved rendering: megbékéltet / kibékít
Transliteration: apokatallassō
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: ἀποκαταλλάσσω
Category: Church
A genuinely new term for this Language Package (not previously catalogued in the Romans baseline, despite Romans 5:10-11 using the cognate word family); distinctive here for its explicit horizontal (Jew-Gentile, 2:16) as well as vertical scope.
Fellow Heirs Cluster
Approved rendering: örököstársak / egy test tagjai / részesek
Transliteration: synklēronomos / syssōmos / symmetochos
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: συγκληρονόμος / σύσσωμος / συμμέτοχος
Category: Church
A triple syn- (‘co-’) compound emphasizing full, undiminished Gentile participation (Eph 3:6); Hungarian has no single productive ‘co-’ prefix as flexible as Greek syn-, forcing three structurally different constructions; supply the rhetorical equal-participation emphasis via explicit teaching commentary.
Old Self New Self
Approved rendering: óember / újember
Transliteration: palaios anthrōpos / kainos anthrōpos
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: παλαιὸς ἄνθρωπος / καινός [νέος] ἄνθρωπος
Category: Sanctification
Standard Károli-tradition vocabulary; carries the same Reformed ‘third use of the law’ vs. Catholic sacramental-penitential sanctification-framework caution documented in the baseline for ‘megszentelődés.’ Distinguish from the corporate ‘one new man’ of 2:15 (Eph 4:22,24).
Submit To One Another
Approved rendering: engedjétek egymásnak alá magatokat / vessétek alá magatokat egymásnak
Transliteration: hypotassō allēlois
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Original: ὑποτάσσω (ἀλλήλοις)
Category: Household
The interpretive hinge for the entire household-codes section (Eph 5:21); the complementarian/egalitarian reading debate over whether this mutuality qualifies the specific submissions that follow cuts across, not along, the Catholic-Reformed line documented elsewhere. Translate plainly, preserving mutuality without resolving the debate.
Sacrifice Fragrant Offering
Approved rendering: áldozat / jó illatú áldozat
Transliteration: thysia / prosphora
Doctrine: Redemption and Atonement
Original: θυσία / προσφορά (εἰς ὀσμὴν εὐωδίας)
Category: Salvation
Old Testament cultic vocabulary applied to Christ’s once-for-all self-offering (5:2); sensitive given the Catholic Eucharistic theology of the Mass as a re-presentation of Christ’s sacrifice, which the Hungarian Reformed once-for-all, non-repeated Lord’s Supper theology rejects.
Washing Of Water With The Word
Approved rendering: a víz fürdője az ige által
Transliteration: loutron tou hydatos en rhēmati
Doctrine: Baptismal Unity
Original: λουτρὸν τοῦ ὕδατος ἐν ῥήματι
Category: Church
Possible baptismal allusion intersecting the Critical baptism fault line; do not resolve, within the translation, whether Eph 5:26 is a direct reference to the sacrament of baptism or a broader word-centered cleansing metaphor.
Masters
Approved rendering: urak
Transliteration: kyrioi
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Original: κύριοι
Category: Household
Same lexeme as the Critical ‘Lord’ (Úr, capitalized); the passage’s own wordplay (Eph 6:9, ‘their Master and yours is in heaven’) depends on the Hungarian text visibly distinguishing capitalized ‘Úr’ from lowercase ‘urak.’ Flag for native speaker review specifically on this capitalization/disambiguation point.
Armor Of God
Approved rendering: Isten teljes fegyverzete
Transliteration: panoplia tou theou
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: πανοπλία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Spiritual Warfare
Central risk is folk-religious/superstitious misreading given residual Hungarian folk-magical protective practices (rontás, szemmelverés, charms/amulets) across both major traditions. Must be taught as moral/spiritual realities appropriated by faith and prayer (6:11,13), never as a talisman, blessed object, or ritual formula.
Rulers Authorities Cosmic Powers
Approved rendering: fejedelemségek, hatalmasságok, e sötét világ urai, a gonoszság lelkei
Transliteration: archai, exousiai, kosmokratores, pneumatika tēs ponērias
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: ἀρχαί, ἐξουσίαι, κοσμοκράτορες, πνευματικὰ τῆς πονηρίας
Category: Spiritual Warfare
Same folk-religious collision risk as ‘armor_of_god’; teach as real but decisively defeated and subordinate spiritual opposition (cf. Eph 1:20-21), addressed through the equipment of 6:14-18 and prayer, never folk-magical counter-ritual (Eph 6:12; cf. 2:2’s ‘prince of the power of the air’).
Commonwealth Of Israel
Approved rendering: Izrael közössége
Transliteration: politeia tou Israēl
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: πολιτεία τοῦ Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant
Describes the totality of what Gentiles previously lacked (Eph 2:12) — full covenant-community standing, now granted in Christ (2:13,19). Must not be read as flat supersessionism; preserve reconciliation-language over replacement-language.
Purpose Counsel Of His Will
Approved rendering: szándéka / akaratának tanácsa
Transliteration: prothesis / boulē tou thelēmatos
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Original: πρόθεσις / βουλὴ τοῦ θελήματος
Category: Election
Reinforces the Critical ‘predestined’/‘election’ cluster (Eph 1:9,11); treat with the same systematic-overlay caution regarding Reformed/Catholic predestination frameworks.
Prince Of Power Of Air
Approved rendering: a levegőben uralkodó fejedelem
Transliteration: archōn tēs exousias tou aeros
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Eph 2:2. Title for Satan as a personal, malevolent spiritual ruler with derived, temporary, subordinate authority. Risk of folk-magical (rontás, szemmelverés) misreading; requires a teaching note distinguishing biblical spiritual warfare from folk-magical practice. Carries forward into the Armor of God analysis at 6:10-18.
Workmanship
Approved rendering: Isten alkotása
Transliteration: poiēma
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Rejected alternatives: munkája (flatter rendering risking a merely mechanical ‘product’ connotation)
Eph 2:10. Believers as God’s own artistic product, not self-made, grounding the good works of the second half of the verse in God’s prior creative act. Flag for native speaker review to confirm the chosen word does not carry an unwanted ‘mechanical product’ connotation.
Medium Risk Terms
Holy
Approved rendering: szent
Transliteration: hagios
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 1:4; 5:27.
Adoption
Approved rendering: örökbefogadás
Transliteration: huiothesia
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: υἱοθεσία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 1:5; paired with the new Critical term ‘predestined’ at the same verse. Keep terminologically distinct from the new term ‘örökség’ (inheritance, the possession received, not the adoptive act).
Peace
Approved rendering: béke
Transliteration: eirēnē
Doctrine: Peace with God and Between Peoples
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 2:14-17 (‘he himself is our peace’) extends this to peace between Jew and Gentile; also embedded in the Armor of God list (6:15, ‘gospel of peace’).
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: lelki ajándékok
Transliteration: charismata / charisma
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: χάρισμα (cf. δωρεά, 4:7)
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Extended in Ephesians 4:7-12 with the five named ministry offices (apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors, teachers).
Church
Approved rendering: egyház
Transliteration: ekklēsia
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians’ distinctive body/head ecclesiology (1:22-23; 5:23-32) sharpens the baseline’s institutional-polity caution into the new Critical ‘fej’ and High ‘test’ terms below.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: Isten országa
Transliteration: basileia tou theou
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ Χριστοῦ καὶ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 5:5 uniquely joins Christ’s kingdom with God’s kingdom in one phrase (‘Krisztus és Isten országa’), reinforcing Christ’s deity.
Sin
Approved rendering: bűn
Transliteration: hamartia
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 2:1; paired in the same verse with the distinct new term ‘vétek’ (trespasses, paraptōma) — preserve both words distinctly rather than collapsing to one repeated term.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: pogányok
Transliteration: ethnē
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Prefer ‘nemzetek’ where a neutral ethnic sense (rather than the pejorative ‘pagans’ sense) is contextually intended. Eph 2:11; 3:1,6,8; 4:17.
Glory
Approved rendering: dicsőség
Transliteration: doxa
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 1:6,12,14,17,18; 3:13,16,21.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: Isten ereje
Transliteration: dynamis theou
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ (cf. ἐνέργεια, ἰσχύς, κράτος)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Extended in Ephesians 1:19-21’s fourfold power-synonym cluster (dynamis, energeia, ischys, kratos) — vary Hungarian vocabulary (erő, hatóerő, hatalom, erőhatalom), anchoring to ‘Isten ereje’ where a single unifying gloss is needed.
Providence
Approved rendering: gondviselés
Transliteration: pronoia
Doctrine: Providence
Original: πρόνοια (cf. ἐνεργέω, 1:11)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 1:11 (‘who works all things according to the counsel of his will’) is this book’s clearest providence statement, closely overlapping the predestination cluster.
Mission
Approved rendering: misszió
Transliteration: apostolē / pempō
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: ἀποστολή (conceptual, cf. πρεσβεύω, 6:20)
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 6:19-20 frames Paul’s mission specifically as ambassadorial (‘ambassador in chains’).
Forgiveness
Approved rendering: bűnök bocsánata
Transliteration: aphesis
Doctrine: Redemption and Atonement
Original: ἄφεσις
Category: Salvation
Standard, well-established Károli-tradition phrase; paired with and explained by redemption at Eph 1:7.
Mercy
Approved rendering: irgalom
Transliteration: eleos
Doctrine: Grace
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Salvation
Distinct from ‘kegyelem’ (charis, grace, which responds to demerit rather than misery); render distinctly at Eph 2:4 rather than collapsing into ‘kegyelem,’ preserving Paul’s own distinct vocabulary.
Heavenly Places
Approved rendering: mennyei helyek
Transliteration: epouranios
Doctrine: Resurrection and Union with Christ
Original: ἐπουράνιος
Category: Eschatology
A structural literary thread through the whole book (1:3,20; 2:6; 3:10; 6:12); maintain a single consistent Hungarian rendering across all five occurrences.
Riches
Approved rendering: gazdagság
Transliteration: ploutos
Doctrine: Grace
Original: πλοῦτος
Category: Salvation
Standard vocabulary; reinforces the Critical ‘Grace’ doctrine rhetorically at Eph 1:7,18; 2:7; 3:8,16. Flag for teaching note re: Hit Gyülekezete (Word-of-Faith) prosperity-reading risk (see 05_translation_landscape.md §2.7).
Inheritance
Approved rendering: örökség
Transliteration: klēronomia
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: κληρονομία
Category: Salvation
Keep terminologically distinct from ‘örökbefogadás’ (adoption, the act of being placed as a son) to preserve Paul’s own act/possession distinction (Eph 1:14,18; 5:5).
Temple
Approved rendering: templom / szentély
Transliteration: naos
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: ναός
Category: Church
Denotes the sanctuary proper (as distinct from the wider temple precincts); ensure the church’s identity as God’s dwelling place, distinct from a mere ‘building’ (Eph 2:21), per the baseline’s ‘church’ doctrine caution.
Hostility
Approved rendering: ellenségeskedés
Transliteration: echthra
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: ἔχθρα
Category: Church
Paired with ‘dividing wall’ (Eph 2:14,16); standard vocabulary.
Access
Approved rendering: szabad út / hozzájárulás
Transliteration: prosagōgē
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Original: προσαγωγή
Category: Church
Direct, unmediated access for all believers (2:18; 3:12); resonates with the Reformed emphasis on unmediated access to God through Christ alone, functioning as a corrective note for Catholic readers accustomed to devotional saintly/Marian intercessory patterns.
Household Of God
Approved rendering: Isten háza népe
Transliteration: oikeios tou theou
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: οἰκεῖος τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Church
Standard architectural-family metaphor (Eph 2:19); low ambiguity beyond the broader ecclesiology cluster.
Stewardship
Approved rendering: sáfárság
Transliteration: oikonomia
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
Original: οἰκονομία
Category: Mystery
Standard, well-established Hungarian theological term (cf. ‘sáfár,’ steward) with low denominational ambiguity (Eph 3:2,9).
Principalities And Powers Positive
Approved rendering: fejedelemségek és hatalmasságok
Transliteration: archai kai exousiai
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
Original: ἀρχαί καὶ ἐξουσίαι
Category: Mystery
Positive-frame occurrence (Eph 3:10) contrasted with the adversarial-frame occurrence at 6:12; reuse the same Hungarian phrase consistently across both for terminological continuity.
Boldness
Approved rendering: bátorság
Transliteration: parrēsia
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Original: παρρησία
Category: Church
Reinforces the direct-access theme (Eph 3:12); originally a civic term for a citizen’s right to speak freely in the assembly.
Evangelist
Approved rendering: evangélista
Transliteration: euangelistēs
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: εὐαγγελιστής
Category: Ministry
New office-term (Eph 4:11); low denominational ambiguity in itself, though part of the broader apostles/prophets office-continuity discussion.
Shepherd Pastor
Approved rendering: pásztor
Transliteration: poimēn
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: ποιμήν
Category: Ministry
Standard pastoral-office vocabulary shared across traditions (Eph 4:11), though the office’s precise polity (episcopal/hierarchical vs. presbyterian/congregational) differs by tradition — a lower-stakes echo of the baseline’s ‘church’ polity caution.
Filled With The Spirit
Approved rendering: betöltekezik Lélekkel
Transliteration: plēroō en pneumati
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: πληρόω (ἐν πνεύματι)
Category: Church
Present passive imperative denoting a continuous, repeated filling (Eph 5:18), not a one-time crisis experience exclusively, nor to be dismissed as merely emotional/cessationist; same cautious framing as the baseline’s ‘spiritual_gifts’ entry.
Bondservants
Approved rendering: szolgák
Transliteration: douloi
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Original: δοῦλοι
Category: Household
Historical-institution sensitivity (Eph 6:5); supplement with a translator note distinguishing Paul’s pastoral instruction within the historical institution of slavery from any endorsement of the institution itself.
Obey Parents
Approved rendering: engedelmeskedjetek / tiszteld
Transliteration: hypakouō / timaō
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Original: ὑπακούω / τιμάω
Category: Household
Standard, well-established Hungarian catechetical vocabulary (Eph 6:1-2); both Hungarian traditions affirm the Decalogue’s abiding moral authority, though they differ on its precise systematic role (baseline ‘law’ entry).
No Partiality
Approved rendering: személyválogatás
Transliteration: prosōpolēmpsia
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: προσωπολημψία
Category: Sin
Standard vocabulary (Eph 6:9); reinforces the baseline’s ‘Universal Human Accountability’ doctrine.
Uncircumcision
Approved rendering: körülmetéletlenség
Transliteration: akrobystia
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: ἀκροβυστία
Category: Church
New, deliberately blunt Pauline term (Eph 2:11) marking former ethnic-religious exclusion from the old covenant sign; premise for the reconciliation described in 2:14-18.
Dead In Trespasses
Approved rendering: halott
Transliteration: nekrous
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Eph 2:1. Total spiritual incapacity apart from Christ — not sickness or weakness but death. Shared, uncontested claim across Hungarian Catholic and Reformed traditions (both affirm original sin’s reality and gravity); risk is under-teaching the totality of the incapacity, not denominational collision.
Desires Of Flesh
Approved rendering: testünk kívánságai
Transliteration: epithymiai tēs sarkos
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Eph 2:3. Greek sarx denotes fallen human nature broadly, not merely the physical body; Hungarian ‘test’ risks a narrower reading — supplement with a brief gloss.
Sons Of Disobedience
Approved rendering: az engedetlenség fiai
Transliteration: huioi tēs apeitheias
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Eph 2:2. Hebraic ‘sons of X’ idiom for those characterized by disobedience; teach alongside baseline’s ‘Universal Human Accountability’ doctrine (Romans 1:18-3:20) as its conceptual parallel.
Boast
Approved rendering: dicsekedjék
Transliteration: kauchaomai
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Eph 2:9. Standard vocabulary; ensure consistency with the cognate rendering used for Romans 3:27 (‘boasting is excluded’) in this Language Package’s cross-reference materials.
Low Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: apostol
Transliteration: apostolos
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Risk rises only in combination with ‘prophet’ at the foundational-office discussion (2:20; 4:11) — see ‘foundation_of_apostles_and_prophets’ below.
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: hálaadás
Transliteration: eucharistia
Doctrine: Mutual Edification and Fellowship
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Eph 1:16; 5:4,20.
Fellowship
Approved rendering: közösség
Transliteration: koinōnia
Doctrine: Mutual Edification and Fellowship
Original: κοινωνία (conceptual, cf. 4:1-6 unity language)
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Conceptually present in the sevenfold unity litany of 4:4-6.
Prophet
Approved rendering: próféta
Transliteration: prophētēs
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Risk rises only in combination with ‘apostle’ at the foundational-office discussion (2:20; 4:11).
Prophecy
Approved rendering: prófécia
Transliteration: prophēteia
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Conceptually present via the ‘prophet’ office term rather than a distinct noun occurrence in Ephesians.
Israel
Approved rendering: Izrael
Transliteration: Yisra’el
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 2:12 uses it in the phrase ‘commonwealth of Israel’ (politeia tou Israēl).
Exhort
Approved rendering: buzdítani
Transliteration: parakaleō
Doctrine: Mutual Edification and Fellowship
Original: παρακαλῶ
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Opens the letter’s ethical section (4:1, ‘I therefore… urge you to walk worthy of the calling’).
Trespasses
Approved rendering: vétek
Transliteration: paraptōma
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: παράπτωμα
Category: Sin
Distinguishable from ‘hamartia’ (bűn) as concrete act vs. underlying condition; preserve both words distinctly in Eph 2:1’s double phrase (‘vétkeitek és bűneitek’) rather than collapsing to one repeated term.
Cornerstone
Approved rendering: szegletkő
Transliteration: akrogōniaios
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: ἀκρογωνιαῖος
Category: Church
Established Károli-tradition vocabulary (cf. Zsoltárok 118:22; Ézsaiás 28:16); low ambiguity in itself (Eph 2:20).
Teacher
Approved rendering: tanító
Transliteration: didaskalos
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: διδάσκαλος
Category: Ministry
Standard vocabulary (Eph 4:11); low ambiguity.
Children Of Light
Approved rendering: világosság gyermekei / a világosság gyümölcse
Transliteration: tekna phōtos / karpos phōtos
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: τέκνα φωτός / καρπὸς τοῦ φωτός
Category: Sanctification
Standard identity-and-fruit ethical metaphor (Eph 5:8); low ambiguity.
Ambassador In Chains
Approved rendering: követ, bilincsben
Transliteration: presbeuō en halysei
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: πρεσβεύω ἐν ἁλύσει
Category: Church
Biographical/rhetorical (Eph 6:20); low doctrinal risk.
Devil
Approved rendering: ördög
Transliteration: diabolos
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
New term not previously catalogued in the Romans baseline or earlier Ephesians registry drafts, though load-bearing for Spiritual Warfare (4:27; 6:11). Standard, low-ambiguity Hungarian term, but its folk/fairy-tale register in Hungarian children’s literature and idiom (‘ördög vigye’) risks trivializing the term; teaching material must frame it as a real personal adversary.
Referenced passages