Core Glossary
Core Glossary
English → Hungarian | 2 Timothy 1–4 | Per-Term Glossary Table
Source language: English (from Koine Greek)
Destination language: Hungarian
Curriculum: 2 Timothy 1–4
Baseline dependency: Reuses translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json from the Romans Language Package exactly where terms recur. New terms specific to 2 Timothy are proposed here with risk tiers assigned using the identical Critical/High/Medium/Low framework, for integration into an updated translation memory in Phase 2.
Legend: Status column marks REUSE (baseline Romans TM term, rendering unchanged) or NEW (introduced by this curriculum).
Terms Reused Exactly from the Romans Baseline
| Term | Hungarian Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Chapters | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| grace (χάρις) | kegyelem | Critical | Grace | 1, 2 | REUSE. 2 Tim 1:9; 2:1. Same Reformed/Catholic collision as Romans; do not resolve toward either infused-merit or irresistible-monergistic framing. |
| faith (πίστις) | hit | High | Faith | 1, 2, 3, 4 | REUSE. Frequent throughout; object of faith (Christ, the deposit) must remain recoverable from context. |
| righteousness (δικαιοσύνη) | igazság | Critical | Salvation | 2, 3(core), 4 | REUSE. Also appears in “crown of righteousness” (4:8) — see new term below. |
| salvation (σωτηρία) | üdvösség | Critical | Salvation | 1, 3(core), 4 | REUSE. Assurance tension (Reformed settled assurance vs. Catholic ongoing uncertainty) carries directly into 2 Tim 4:18. |
| calling (κλῆσις) / called (κλητός root, κλέω) | elhívás / elhívott | Critical | Divine Calling | 1 | REUSE. 1:9 “called us with a holy calling” — same election/calling fault line as Romans 8:28-30. |
| holy (ἅγιος) | szent | Medium | Sanctification | 1 | REUSE. “Holy calling” (1:9). |
| sanctification-adjacent vessel imagery | (context: sanctification, megszentelődés) | High | Sanctification | 2 | REUSE concept for 2:21 vessel-purity image; term itself new (see σκεῦος below). |
| resurrection (ἀνάστασις / ἐγείρω) | feltámadás | Critical | Resurrection of Christ | 2 | REUSE. 2:8 (true gospel content); 2:18 (Hymenaeus/Philetus’s false claim it “already happened” — flag context carefully). |
| lord (κύριος) | Úr | Critical | Lordship of Christ | 2, 4 | REUSE. 2:19 “the Lord knows those who are his”; 4:8, 4:14, 4:22. |
| jesus (Ἰησοῦς) | Jézus | Critical | Lordship of Christ | throughout | REUSE. |
| god (Θεός) | Isten | Critical | Deity of Christ | throughout | REUSE. |
| holy_spirit (Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον) | Szentlélek | Critical | Sanctification | 1 | REUSE. 1:14. |
| gospel (εὐαγγέλιον) | evangélium | High | Gospel | 1, 2, 4 | REUSE. 1:8, 1:10; 2:8; 4:5. |
| apostle (ἀπόστολος) | apostol | Low | Apostleship | 1 | REUSE. |
| thanksgiving (εὐχαριστῶ) | hálaadás / hálát adok | Low | Thanksgiving | 1 | REUSE. |
| peace (εἰρήνη) | béke | Medium | Peace with God | 1, 2 | REUSE. |
| seed_of_david (σπέρμα Δαυίδ) | Dávid leszármazottja | Medium | Davidic Covenant | 2 | REUSE. 2:8. |
| election (ἐκλεκτός) | kiválasztás / választottak | Critical | Effectual Calling | 2 | REUSE. 2:10 “for the sake of the elect” — same Reformed/Catholic fault line as Romans 9-11. |
| glory (δόξα) | dicsőség | Medium | Deity of Christ | 2, 4 | REUSE. 2:10; 4:18. |
| power_of_god (δύναμις) | Isten ereje (contextual: erő) | Medium | Power of God for Salvation | 1, 3 | REUSE, adapted. 1:7 (Spirit of power); 3:5 (denying its power). |
| exhort (παρακαλέω) | buzdítani | Low | Mutual Edification | 4(core) | REUSE. 4:2. |
| kingdom_of_god (βασιλεία) | Isten országa | Medium | Kingdom Mission | 4(core), 4 | REUSE. 4:1, 4:18 (“his heavenly kingdom” — eschatological-consummation nuance). |
| church-adjacent faithful community | egyház (contextual) | Medium | Church as God’s People | — | Not directly named in 2 Timothy as ἐκκλησία; retained for consistency reference only, no direct occurrence flagged. |
New Terms Introduced by 2 Timothy
| Term (Greek) | Hungarian Rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Chapters | Notes / Collision Reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ἱερὰ γράμματα (sacred writings) | szent iratok | High | Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture | 3(core) | 3:15. Continuous with πᾶσα γραφή; must denote the specific, authoritative Hebrew/apostolic canon, not generic religious literature. |
| πᾶσα γραφὴ (all Scripture) | a teljes Írás | Critical | Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture | 3(core) | 3:16. Foundational verse for the doctrine; must not silently adopt either sola scriptura (Reformed) or Scripture-plus-Tradition (Catholic) as the text’s own explicit claim — teach Paul’s own assertion of full divine inspiration and profitability. Mandatory theologian review. |
| θεόπνευστος (God-breathed) | Istentől ihletett | Critical | Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture | 3(core) | 3:16. Unique NT coinage; must convey direct divine authorship via the Spirit’s “breathing,” not a vague “inspired by/about God.” Mandatory theologian review. |
| ὠφέλιμος (profitable) | hasznos | Low | Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture | 3(core) | 3:16. |
| διδασκαλία (teaching/doctrine) | tanítás | Medium | Guarding Sound Doctrine | 1, 3(core), 4(core) | 1:13 (ὑποτύπωσις ὑγιαινόντων λόγων); 3:16; 4:2 (διδαχῇ, synonym). Keep rendering consistent across all occurrences. |
| ἔλεγχος / ἐλέγχω (reproof) | feddés / feddj | Medium | Guarding Sound Doctrine | 3(core), 4(core) | 3:16; 4:2. |
| ἐπανόρθωσις (correction) | megjobbítás | Medium | Guarding Sound Doctrine | 3(core) | 3:16. Distinguish from ἔλεγχος (exposing) and παιδεία (forming). |
| παιδεία ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ (training in righteousness) | igazságban való nevelés | High | Guarding Sound Doctrine / Sanctification | 3(core) | 3:16. Compound with δικαιοσύνη (Critical, reuse). Must retain “nevelés” (disciplined formation), not collapse into “tanítás.” |
| ἄρτιος / ἐξαρτίζω (complete/equipped) | tökéletes / felkészített | High | Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture | 3(core) | 3:17. “Tökéletes” risks overstating moral perfection rather than functional adequacy; flag for theologian review, footnote alternative “alkalmas/felkészített.” |
| διαμαρτύρομαι (solemnly charge) | [ünnepélyesen] kérlek / komolyan kérlek | High | The Charge to Preach the Word | 2, 4(core) | 2:14; 4:1. Under-translation risk if rendered as a mere polite request; tone must carry legal/covenantal solemnity. |
| κρίνειν ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς (judge the living and the dead) | ítélni élőket és holtakat | Critical | The Charge to Preach the Word / Eschatology | 4(core) | 4:1. Must match the fixed Hungarian Apostles’ Creed wording shared by Catholic and Reformed liturgical tradition. Mandatory theologian review. |
| ἐπιφάνεια (appearing) | megjelenés (contextual alt.: eljövetel) | High | Assurance of Reward / Eschatology | 1, 4(core), 4 | 1:10 (incarnation); 4:1, 4:8 (return). Recommend consistent “megjelenés” across all three to preserve Paul’s own verbal link between Christ’s two appearings. Flag for theologian review. |
| κήρυξον (preach/proclaim) | hirdesd | High | The Charge to Preach the Word | 4(core) | 4:2. Must retain authoritative-herald force, not soften to generic “beszélj/taníts.” |
| ὁ λόγος / λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ / λόγος τῆς ἀληθείας (the word / word of God / word of truth) | az ige / Isten szava / az igazság szava | High | Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture / The Charge to Preach the Word | 2, 4(core) | 2:9, 2:15; 4:2. Use the weighty established Hungarian Bible term “ige,” not generic “szó.” Keep the word-family visibly linked across occurrences. |
| ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία (sound doctrine) | egészséges tanítás | High | Guarding Sound Doctrine | 1, 4(core) | 1:13 (ὑποτύπωσις ὑγιαινόντων λόγων); 4:3. Retain the health/medical metaphor; do not flatten to “helyes tanítás.” Curriculum-defining term; mandatory theologian review. |
| ἐπιθυμία (desire/passion) | kívánság | Medium | Apostasy and False Teachers | 2, 3, 4(core) | 2:22 (youthful passions); 3:6; 4:3. Keep rendering consistent across all three occurrences. |
| ἐπισωρεύω (heap up teachers) | gyűjt/felhalmoz | Low | Apostasy and False Teachers | 4(core) | 4:3. |
| κνήθομαι τὴν ἀκοήν (itching ears) | viszket a fülük | Low | Apostasy and False Teachers | 4(core) | 4:3. Idiom preserved; intelligible in Hungarian. |
| ἀποστρέφω / ἐκτρέπομαι (turn away / turn aside) | elfordul / eltér | High | Apostasy and False Teachers | 4(core) | 4:4. Core apostasy vocabulary; must not be softened to a neutral “elfelejt.” |
| μῦθος (myth/fable) | mese | Medium | Apostasy and False Teachers | 4(core) | 4:4. |
| νήφω (be sober/watchful) | józan / légy józan | Medium | Perseverance under Suffering | 4(core) | 4:5. Same metaphor family as ὑγιαίνω. |
| κακοπάθησον / κακοπαθέω (suffer hardship) | szenvedést vállal / szenvedj el nehézséget | High | Perseverance under Suffering | 1, 2, 4(core) | 1:8; 2:3; 4:5. Structural motif spanning the whole letter — Hungarian rendering must be identical or visibly related at every occurrence. Mandatory theologian review. |
| εὐαγγελιστής (evangelist) | evangélista | Medium | The Charge to Preach the Word | 4(core) | 4:5. Function/task, not necessarily a fixed modern office; teach accordingly. |
| διακονία (ministry/service) | szolgálat | Medium | The Charge to Preach the Word | 4(core) | 4:5. |
| πληροφορέω (fulfill completely) | betölt / teljesen bevégez | Medium | The Charge to Preach the Word | 4(core) | 4:5. |
| θέλημα Θεοῦ (will of God) | Isten akarata | Low | Divine Calling | 1 | 1:1. |
| ἐπαγγελία ζωῆς (promise of life) | élet ígérete | Medium | Faithful Transmission of the Gospel | 1 | 1:1. Ties to baseline “covenant” concept without importing the full Reformed federal-theology system. |
| ἔλεος (mercy) | irgalom | Medium | Grace | 1 | 1:2. Distinguish from κεγyelem (grace); both traditions use this term with minimal internal divergence. |
| χάρισμα (gift, ordination sense) | kegyelmi ajándék | High | Spiritual Gifts / Ordination | 1 | 1:6. COLLISION: Catholic sacramental ordination (Holy Orders, indelible character conferred) vs. Reformed non-sacramental ordination (recognition/commissioning). Mandatory theologian review. |
| ἀγάπη (love) | szeretet | Medium | (cross-doctrinal) | 1, 2 | 1:7; 2:22. |
| σωφρονισμός (self-discipline/sound mind) | önuralom / józanság | Medium | Guarding Sound Doctrine | 1 | 1:7. Same root family as ὑγιαίνω/νήφω. |
| μαρτύριον (testimony) | bizonyságtétel | Medium | Faithful Transmission of the Gospel | 1 | 1:8. |
| σωτήρ (Savior) | Üdvözítő | Critical | Salvation / Deity of Christ | 1 | 1:10. Lock this rendering (not “Megtartó”) for consistency with the üdvösség word-family across future documents. |
| ἀφθαρσία (incorruption/immortality) | romolhatatlanság | Medium | Resurrection of Christ / Eschatology | 1 | 1:10. |
| κῆρυξ (herald) | hírnök / hirdető | High | The Charge to Preach the Word | 1 | 1:11. Anticipates κήρυξον (4:2); keep the word-family visible. |
| παρακαταθήκη (deposit entrusted) | rád bízott kincs (alt. letétemény) | Critical | Faithful Transmission of the Gospel / Guarding Sound Doctrine | 1 | 1:12, 1:14. THE defining term of the curriculum’s transmission doctrine. COLLISION: Catholic depositum fidei transmitted via Sacred Tradition/Magisterium and apostolic succession vs. Reformed deposit-as-Scripture guarded through faithful teaching without magisterial authority. Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence. |
| φυλάσσω (guard) | őrizd meg | High | Faithful Transmission of the Gospel | 1 | 1:12, 1:14. Same collision note as παρακαταθήκη. |
| ὑποτύπωσις (pattern) | minta / példa | Medium | Guarding Sound Doctrine | 1 | 1:13. |
| παρατίθημι (entrust) | rábízni / átadni | Critical | Faithful Transmission of the Gospel | 2 | 2:2. Same collision as παρακαταθήκη; the key multi-generational transmission verse (Paul → Timothy → faithful men → others). Mandatory theologian review. |
| πιστός (faithful/reliable) | hűséges | High | Faithful Transmission of the Gospel | 1(implicit), 2 | 2:2; 2:11-13 (“faithful is the saying”; “he remains faithful”). |
| ὑπομένω / ὑπομονή (endure/endurance) | állhatatosan kitart / állhatatosság | High | Perseverance under Suffering / Assurance of Reward | 2, 3 | 2:10, 2:12; 3:10. Distinguish from κακοπαθέω (suffering itself) as the disposition of persevering through it. |
| ἀρνέομαι (deny) | megtagad | High | Assurance of Reward / Apostasy | 2 | 2:12-13. Part of the Critical creedal couplets. |
| ἀπιστέω (be faithless) | hitetlen / hűtlen | High | Assurance of Reward | 2 | 2:13. |
| εἰ ἀρνούμεθα… εἰ ἀπιστοῦμεν, ἐκεῖνος πιστὸς μένει (creedal couplets, 2:11-13) | (full-verse rendering) | Critical | Assurance of Reward | 2 | Mandatory theologian review — same fault line as Romans 8’s assurance-of-salvation debate; translate Paul’s chiastic structure without resolving toward either tradition’s perseverance/apostasy doctrine. |
| λογομαχία (word battles) | szóharc | Medium | Guarding Sound Doctrine | 2 | 2:14. |
| ὀρθοτομέω (rightly handle) | helyesen fejt ki / helyesen tanít | High | Guarding Sound Doctrine | 2 | 2:15. Unique NT compound; must not flatten to generic “tanít.” |
| γάγγραινα (gangrene) | üszkösödés | Low | Apostasy and False Teachers | 2 | 2:17. |
| θεμέλιος (foundation) | alap | Medium | Guarding Sound Doctrine | 2 | 2:19. |
| σφραγίς (seal) | pecsét | Medium | Effectual Calling (adjacent) | 2 | 2:19. |
| σκεῦος εἰς τιμὴν/ἀτιμίαν (vessel for honor/dishonor) | eszköz tisztességre / tisztességtelenségre | Medium | Sanctification | 2 | 2:20-21. |
| πραΰτης (gentleness) | szelídség | Medium | Guarding Sound Doctrine | 2 | 2:25. |
| μετάνοια (repentance) | megtérés | High | Faithful Transmission of the Gospel / Salvation | 2 | 2:25. COLLISION: repentance as God’s monergistic gift (Reformed) vs. repentance as human cooperating disposition structured by the sacrament of Penance (Catholic). Mandatory theologian review. |
| ἐπίγνωσις ἀληθείας (knowledge of the truth) | az igazság megismerése | Medium | Guarding Sound Doctrine / Apostasy | 2, 3 | 2:25; 3:7. |
| διάβολος (devil) | ördög | Low | Apostasy and False Teachers | 2 | 2:26. Standard, unambiguous across traditions. |
| ἐν ἐσχάταις ἡμέραις (in the last days) | utolsó / végső napokban | High | Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days | 3 | 3:1. Teach as the present church age under this description, not a narrow future-only chart-based timetable. |
| καιροὶ χαλεποί (difficult times) | veszélyes idők | Medium | Apostasy and False Teachers | 3 | 3:1. |
| φίλαυτοι…φιλήδονοι μᾶλλον ἢ φιλόθεοι (vice list, love-of-self vs. love-of-God) | (vice-list rendering) | Medium | Apostasy and False Teachers | 3 | 3:2-4. The φιλόθεος/φιλήδονος contrast is the diagnostic climax; highlight in teaching notes. |
| μόρφωσις εὐσεβείας (form of godliness) | a kegyesség látszata/formája | Medium | Apostasy and False Teachers | 3 | 3:5. |
| εὐσέβεια (godliness) | kegyesség | Medium | Apostasy and False Teachers / Sanctification | 3 | 3:5, 3:12. |
| ἀδόκιμοι περὶ τὴν πίστιν (disqualified concerning the faith) | megbízhatatlanok a hit dolgában | Medium | Apostasy and False Teachers | 3 | 3:8. |
| διωγμός (persecution) | üldözés | Medium | Perseverance under Suffering | 3 | 3:11. |
| πάθημα (suffering) | szenvedés | Medium | Perseverance under Suffering | 3 | 3:11. |
| ῥύομαι (rescue/deliver) | megszabadít | Medium | Perseverance under Suffering / Assurance of Reward | 3, 4 | 3:11; 4:17-18. |
| πλανάω (deceive) | megtéveszt | Medium | Apostasy and False Teachers | 3 | 3:13. |
| σπένδομαι (poured out as a libation) | kiöntött italáldozatként | Medium | Perseverance under Suffering / Assurance of Reward | 4 | 4:6. Retain cultic-sacrificial sense. |
| ἀνάλυσις (departure) | elköltözés / távozás | Low | Assurance of Reward | 4 | 4:6. Euphemism for death. |
| ἀγών / δρόμος (fight / race) | küzdelem / futás | Medium | Perseverance under Suffering | 4 | 4:7. Echoes 2:5 athletic imagery. |
| στέφανος τῆς δικαιοσύνης (crown of righteousness) | az igazság koronája | High | Assurance of Reward | 4 | 4:8. COLLISION: Catholic merit-consistent reward theology vs. Reformed grace-consistent reward theology (reward given to those already justified by faith alone). Mandatory theologian review. |
| κριτής (judge) | bíró | Medium | Assurance of Reward / Eschatology | 4 | 4:8. |
| ἐγκαταλείπω (desert/abandon) | elhagy | High | Apostasy and False Teachers | 4 | 4:10 (Demas). Concrete, named case of apostasy. |
| αἰών (age/world) | világ / korszak | Low | Apostasy and False Teachers | 4 | 4:10. |
Proper Names (Low Risk — Established Hungarian Bible-Tradition Forms)
| English | Hungarian | Chapters |
|---|---|---|
| Timothy | Timóteus | 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Paul | Pál | 1, 2, 3, 4 |
| Lois | Lóisz | 1 |
| Eunice | Eunika | 1 |
| Onesiphorus | Onésifórus | 1, 4 |
| David | Dávid | 2 |
| Hymenaeus | Himenaiosz | 2 |
| Philetus | Filétus | 2 |
| Moses | Mózes | 3 |
| Jannes | Jannész | 3 |
| Jambres | Jámbrész | 3 |
| Demas | Démász | 4 |
| Crescens | Krészcensz | 4 |
| Titus | Titusz | 4 |
| Dalmatia | Dalmácia | 4 |
| Tychicus | Tükhikosz | 4 |
| Mark | Márk | 4 |
| Carpus | Kárpusz | 4 |
| Troas | Tróász | 4 |
| Alexander (the coppersmith) | Alexander (az érckovács) | 4 |
| Prisca/Priscilla | Priszka | 4 |
| Aquila | Akvila | 4 |
| Erastus | Erasztus | 4 |
| Corinth | Korinthosz | 4 |
| Trophimus | Trófimusz | 4 |
| Miletus | Milétosz | 4 |
| Eubulus | Eubulosz | 4 |
| Pudens | Pudensz | 4 |
| Linus | Linusz | 4 |
| Claudia | Klaudia | 4 |
Risk Summary (2 Timothy New Terms Only)
| Risk | Count | Requires |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 6 | Mandatory human theologian review |
| High | 17 | Mandatory human theologian review |
| Medium | 27 | Native speaker review recommended |
| Low | 10 | Automated review sufficient |
Critical new terms requiring theologian review: πᾶσα γραφή / θεόπνευστος (Scripture’s inspiration), κρίνειν ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς (creedal judgment formula), παρακαταθήκη / παρατίθημι (the entrusted deposit and its transmission — two entries, same fault line), the 2:11-13 creedal couplets (assurance/apostasis), σωτήρ (Savior, locked rendering for cross-document consistency).
This glossary extends, and does not contradict, the Romans baseline translation_memory.json. All REUSE terms above must be loaded into Phase 2 translation memory unchanged. All NEW terms are proposed for addition to translation memory with the risk tiers assigned here, pending Phase 1 Step 17 theologian review routing.
Critical Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: kegyelem
Transliteration: charis
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: kegyelem mint érdemek által gyarapítható, szentségek közvetítette adomány (tridenti értelmezés)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus occurrences: 1:9 (‘not according to our works but according to his own purpose and grace’), 2:1 (‘be strengthened in the grace’). Same Reformed monergistic/irresistible vs. Catholic infused/merit-cooperated fault line applies; do not resolve toward either system.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: igazság
Transliteration: dikaiosynē
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus occurrences: 3:16 (‘training in righteousness’), 4:8 (‘crown of righteousness’). Forensic-vs-infused fault line applies; must not be read as merit earning standing before God at 4:8.
Salvation
Approved rendering: üdvösség
Transliteration: sōtēria
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus occurrences: 1:9, 2:10, 3:15, 4:18. Reformed settled-assurance vs. Catholic ongoing-uncertainty-pending-final-perseverance tension applies directly to 4:18’s confident ‘the Lord will save me into his heavenly kingdom.‘
Calling
Approved rendering: elhívás
Transliteration: klēsis
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: ellenállhatatlan elhívás mint kizárólagos érvényes olvasat, katolikus szinergizmus kizárásával
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus 1:9: ‘called us with a holy calling… according to his own purpose and grace.’ Same effectual-calling fault line as Romans 8:28-30; do not silently adopt the Reformed technical ‘irresistible calling’ category or the Catholic synergistic default.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: feltámadás
Transliteration: anastasis
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: ἀνάστασις / ἐγηγερμένον
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus occurrences: 2:8 (true gospel content), 2:18 (Hymenaeus and Philetus’s false claim it ‘already happened’). At 2:18 the false-teacher context MUST be marked unmistakably (e.g., ‘azt állítva, hogy…’) so the shared orthodox doctrine of bodily resurrection is never implicated by proximity.
Lord
Approved rendering: Úr
Transliteration: kyrios
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus occurrences: 2:19, 4:8, 4:14, 4:22. Must convey exclusive, supreme lordship consistently at every occurrence; never substitute a covenant-name form (cf. Jehovah’s Witness ‘Jehova’ substitution risk documented in the translation landscape analysis).
Jesus
Approved rendering: Jézus
Transliteration: Iēsous
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Used throughout 2 Timothy, typically in the fixed phrase ‘Krisztus Jézus.’ Standard established form; no variant-form risk.
God
Approved rendering: Isten
Transliteration: theos
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Standard and unambiguous throughout 2 Timothy.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Szentlélek
Transliteration: pneuma hagion
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus 1:14: the Spirit who dwells in believers and enables the guarding of the entrusted deposit. Must not be rendered as an impersonal enabling force.
Father
Approved rendering: Atya
Transliteration: patēr
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus 1:2’s greeting, ‘from God the Father and Christ Jesus our Lord.‘
Election
Approved rendering: kiválasztás / választottak
Transliteration: eklogē / eklektos
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: kiválasztás, mely emberi együttműködés nélkül értelmezhetetlen (szinergista olvasat kényszerítése), kiválasztás mint szabad akarat nélküli, vak végzet (fatalista félreolvasás)
Original: ἐκλεκτός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus 2:10: ‘for the sake of the elect’ (ἐκλεκτούς, adjectival form). Same Reformed double-predestination vs. Catholic synergistic fault line as Romans 9-11; translate Paul’s missionary-pastoral argument without importing either system.
Christ
Approved rendering: Krisztus
Transliteration: Christos
Doctrine: Deity and Saviorhood of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Messiás Jézus (a baseline ‘messiah’ rendering, appropriate for explicit Messianic-promise contexts but not for 2 Timothy’s fixed ‘Christ Jesus’ name-phrase)
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Extends the Romans baseline’s ‘messiah’ and ‘jesus’ entries with a dedicated entry: 2 Timothy uses Χριστός chiefly in the fixed phrase ‘Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ’ throughout (e.g. 1:1, 1:2, 1:9, 2:1, 2:10). Render consistently as ‘Krisztus,’ never as a generic honorific separable from Jesus’s specific identity.
All Scripture
Approved rendering: a teljes Írás
Transliteration: pasa graphē
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: Írás mint kizárólag az egyház tanítóhivatala által kiegészítve elégséges (katolikus teljesség-olvasat betoldása), Írás mint önmagában, tanítói kiegészítés nélkül is kizárólagosan elégséges (sola scriptura-olvasat betoldása)
Original: πᾶσα γραφή
Category: Scripture
2 Timóteus 3:16 (core passage). The single most theologically load-bearing phrase in this curriculum. Render Paul’s own claim of divine origin and profitability without appending either the Reformed sola scriptura doctrine of exclusive supreme authority or the Catholic doctrine of Scripture jointly authoritative with Sacred Tradition/Magisterium. Mandatory theologian review.
God Breathed
Approved rendering: Istentől ihletett
Transliteration: theopneustos
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: Istenről szóló (about God — too weak), isteni eredetű elvek (divine principles — too abstract), inspirált (secular-coded loanword associated with artistic/motivational inspiration)
Original: θεόπνευστος
Category: Scripture
2 Timóteus 3:16 (core passage). Paul’s unique NT coinage; must convey direct, personal divine authorship via the Spirit’s active breathing-forth. Both Hungarian traditions affirm verbal inspiration identically; risk is precision, not internal division. Mandatory theologian review.
Judge Of Living And Dead
Approved rendering: ítélni élőket és holtakat
Transliteration: krinein zōntas kai nekrous
Doctrine: Eschatological Judgment of Christ
Rejected alternatives: önállóan újrafordított kifejezés, amely eltér a Hitvallás rögzített szövegétől
Original: κρίνειν ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς
Category: Eschatology
2 Timóteus 4:1 (core passage). Must match the fixed Hungarian Apostles’ Creed wording shared verbatim by both Catholic and Reformed liturgical tradition. Mandatory theologian review.
Savior
Approved rendering: Üdvözítő
Transliteration: sōtēr
Doctrine: Deity and Saviorhood of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Megtartó (severs the visible lexical link to the üdvösség/salvation word-family)
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Christology
2 Timóteus 1:10. Locked rendering for consistency with the üdvösség word-family across all future Language Package documents. Mandatory theologian review for cross-document lexical consistency.
Deposit Entrusted
Approved rendering: rád bízott kincs
Transliteration: parakatathēkē
Doctrine: Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
Rejected alternatives: letétemény mint elsődleges fordítás (a katolikus ‘depositum fidei’/‘a hit letéteménye’ fogalmával való azonosítás kockázata; megengedett csak lábjegyzetben, alternatívaként)
Original: παρακαταθήκη
Category: Faithful Transmission
2 Timóteus 1:12, 1:14. THE defining term of the curriculum. CRITICAL COLLISION: Catholic depositum fidei (transmitted/interpreted via Sacred Tradition and the Magisterium across apostolic succession) vs. Reformed deposit-as-Scripture guarded through faithful teaching without magisterial authority. Render Paul’s own personal, relational image without adopting either institutional framework. Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.
Entrust
Approved rendering: rábízni / átadni
Transliteration: paratithēmi
Doctrine: Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
Rejected alternatives: szakramentális, megszakítás nélküli felszentelt utódlási lánc feltételezése (katolikus apostoli utódlás betoldása), teljesen struktúra nélküli, egyéni átadás (túlkorrigált, individualista olvasat)
Original: παρατίθημι
Category: Faithful Transmission
2 Timóteus 2:2. The key multi-generational transmission verse (Paul → Timothy → faithful men → others). Same collision as παρακαταθήκη. Render as faithful teaching passed to reliable people who will themselves teach others, without asserting or denying an unbroken ordained-succession chain. Mandatory theologian review.
Creedal Couplets
Approved rendering: (teljes verses fordítás — ld. fordítói jegyzet)
Transliteration: ei synapethanomen… ei apistoumen, ekeinos pistos menei
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Rejected alternatives: a feltétel-párok egyoldalú feloldása a reformátori ‘a szentek megmaradása’ tanítás irányába, a feltétel-párok egyoldalú feloldása a katolikus, az üdvösség valós elveszthetőségét hangsúlyozó olvasat irányába
Original: εἰ συναπεθάνομεν… εἰ ἀπιστοῦμεν, ἐκεῖνος πιστὸς μένει
Category: Assurance
2 Timóteus 2:11-13. Same fault line as Romans 8’s assurance-of-salvation debate. Translate Paul’s own chiastic structure and both halves’ plain sense without resolving toward either tradition’s systematic doctrine of perseverance/apostasy. Mandatory theologian review; highest-priority ambiguity in the letter.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: evangélium
Transliteration: euangelion
Doctrine: Gospel
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package (translation and risk unchanged). 2 Timóteus occurrences: 1:8, 1:10, 2:8, 4:5. Must convey an authoritative announcement of the apostolic message, not generic good news.
Faith
Approved rendering: hit
Transliteration: pistis
Doctrine: Faith
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus occurrences: 1:5, 1:13, 2:18, 2:22, 3:8, 3:10, 3:15, 4:7. Object of faith (Christ, the apostolic deposit) must remain recoverable from context, especially in 4:7’s ‘I have kept the faith.‘
Sanctification
Approved rendering: megszentelődés
Transliteration: hagiasmos
Doctrine: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Relevant to 2 Timóteus 2:19-22’s vessel-purity image and 3:5’s ‘form of godliness… denying its power.’ Teach through the Romans-established Reformed ‘third use of the law’ vs. Catholic sacramental/penitential tension, not as neutral background.
Sacred Writings
Approved rendering: szent iratok
Transliteration: hiera grammata
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: általános vallási iratok (generic religious writings)
Original: ἱερὰ γράμματα
Category: Scripture
2 Timóteus 3:15 (core passage). The Old Testament scriptures Timothy knew from childhood; must be read as continuous with 3:16’s πᾶσα γραφή, not flattened to generic religious literature.
Training In Righteousness
Approved rendering: igazságban való nevelés
Transliteration: paideia hē en dikaiosynē
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Rejected alternatives: igazságban való tanítás (collapses distinct nevelés/formation sense into the already-used tanítás term)
Original: παιδεία ἡ ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ
Category: Doctrine
2 Timóteus 3:16 (core passage). Compound with ‘igazság’ (Critical, inherited). Must retain ‘nevelés’ (disciplined, formative training), not collapse into ‘tanítás.‘
Complete Equipped
Approved rendering: tökéletes / felkészített
Transliteration: artios / exērtismenos
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: tökéletes önmagában, erkölcsi értelemben hibátlan (moral-perfection overreading)
Original: ἄρτιος / ἐξηρτισμένος
Category: Scripture
2 Timóteus 3:17 (core passage). ‘Tökéletes’ risks overstating moral perfection where the text means functional ministerial adequacy; footnote alternative ‘alkalmas/felkészített.’ Touches the Scripture-sufficiency debate directly. Mandatory theologian review.
Solemn Charge
Approved rendering: [ünnepélyesen] kérlek / komolyan kérlek
Transliteration: diamartyromai
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Rejected alternatives: kérlek, mint egyszerű, ünnepélyesség nélküli baráti kérés
Original: διαμαρτύρομαι
Category: Preaching
2 Timóteus 2:14, 4:1 (core passage). Established Hungarian tradition renders ‘Kérlek azért’; this under-translates the legal/covenantal solemnity of a term invoking God and Christ as witnesses. Retain the established wording but require tone/register to carry the solemnity; flag intensified options for reviewer verification.
Appearing
Approved rendering: megjelenés (contextual alt.: eljövetel)
Transliteration: epiphaneia
Doctrine: Christ’s Appearing — Incarnation and Return
Rejected alternatives: eljövetel kizárólagosan minden előfordulásnál (elveszíti a megtestesüléssel való szóbeli összefüggést)
Original: ἐπιφάνεια
Category: Christology
2 Timóteus 1:10 (incarnation), 4:1 (core passage), 4:8, all the same Greek word. Recommend consistent ‘megjelenés’ at all three occurrences to preserve Paul’s own literary link between Christ’s first and second appearings, rather than the common Hungarian tendency to split the rendering. Mandatory theologian review.
Preach
Approved rendering: hirdesd
Transliteration: kēryxon
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Rejected alternatives: prédikáld (too narrowly pulpit-office-coded in contemporary Hungarian usage), beszélj/taníts róla (softens the authoritative-herald force)
Original: κήρυξον
Category: Preaching
2 Timóteus 4:2 (core passage). Must retain authoritative, public, herald-like proclamation force; do not soften toward generic teaching/speaking verbs.
Word Of God
Approved rendering: az ige / Isten szava / az igazság szava
Transliteration: ho logos / logos tou theou / logos tēs alētheias
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: bare ‘szó’ (word/speech) without qualifier — loses the weighty, Scripture-rooted sense
Original: ὁ λόγος / λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ / λόγος τῆς ἀληθείας
Category: Scripture
2 Timóteus 2:9, 2:15, 4:2 (core passage). Use the weighty, established Hungarian Bible term ‘ige’ (cf. János 1:1), always paired with a possessive/genitive anchor to avoid confusion with the unrelated grammatical-verb homonym ‘ige’ (=verb).
Sound Doctrine
Approved rendering: egészséges tanítás
Transliteration: hygiainousa didaskalia / hygiainontes logoi
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Rejected alternatives: helyes tanítás (flattens the medical-health metaphor), tiszta tanítás (common Reformed catechetical usage, but likewise loses the health metaphor)
Original: ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία / ὑγιαίνοντες λόγοι
Category: Doctrine
2 Timóteus 1:13, 4:3 (core passage). The curriculum-defining term. Must retain the medical-health metaphor (‘egészséges’). Curriculum-defining term; mandatory theologian review.
Turn Away
Approved rendering: elfordul / eltér
Transliteration: apostrephō / ektrepomai
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Rejected alternatives: elfelejtik (softens deliberate, culpable rejection into mere forgetting)
Original: ἀποστρέφω / ἐκτρέπομαι
Category: Apostasy
2 Timóteus 4:4 (core passage), cf. 1:15. Core apostasy vocabulary; must describe deliberate, culpable rejection, not confusion or forgetting.
Suffer Hardship
Approved rendering: szenvedést vállal / szenvedj el nehézséget
Transliteration: kakopatheō
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Rejected alternatives: kitartás önmagában, teológiai minősítő nélkül (túl szekuláris, motivációs regiszter)
Original: κακοπαθέω
Category: Perseverance
2 Timóteus 1:8, 2:3, 4:5 (core passage) — a structural thread spanning the whole letter. Must be rendered identically (or visibly related) at all three occurrences. Mandatory theologian review.
Gift Ordination
Approved rendering: kegyelmi ajándék
Transliteration: charisma
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and Ordination
Rejected alternatives: szentségi kegyelem, mely a kézrátétel szertartásán keresztül eleve elidegeníthetetlen jelleget ad (kizárólagosan katolikus szentségi olvasat), puszta társadalmi elismerés, természetfeletti tartalom nélkül (túl gyenge, teológiailag üres olvasat)
Original: χάρισμα
Category: Church
2 Timóteus 1:6. COLLISION: Catholic sacramental Holy Orders (indelible character, episcopal succession) vs. Reformed non-sacramental ordination-as-recognition. Render as a genuine Spirit-given enablement received through a real historical act of laying on hands, without asserting or denying either tradition’s fuller sacramental theology. Mandatory theologian review. Related to, but distinct from, the Romans baseline’s plural ‘spiritual_gifts’ (lelki ajándékok) entry.
Herald
Approved rendering: hírnök / hirdető
Transliteration: kēryx
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: κῆρυξ
Category: Preaching
2 Timóteus 1:11, part of Paul’s threefold self-description (‘hírnök, apostol és tanító’). Directly anticipates κήρυξον (4:2); keep the word-family visible in Hungarian.
Guard
Approved rendering: őrizd meg
Transliteration: phylassō / phylaxon
Doctrine: Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
Original: φυλάσσω / φύλαξον
Category: Faithful Transmission
2 Timóteus 1:12, 1:14. Same collision note as ‘deposit_entrusted’; the active verb paired with the entrusted treasure.
Faithful Reliable
Approved rendering: hűséges
Transliteration: pistos
Doctrine: Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
Original: πιστός
Category: Faithful Transmission
2 Timóteus 2:2 (the men entrusted with teaching), 2:11 (‘faithful is the saying’), 2:13 (God’s own unchanging character). Bridges Faithful Transmission and Assurance of Reward; keep consistent across both contexts.
Endure
Approved rendering: állhatatosan kitart / állhatatosság
Transliteration: hypomenō / hypomonē
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Original: ὑπομένω / ὑπομονή
Category: Perseverance
2 Timóteus 2:10, 2:12 (‘if we endure, we will also reign’), 3:10. Must be consistently distinguished from κακοπαθέω (suffer_hardship) as the disposition of persevering through suffering; connects Perseverance to Assurance of Reward.
Deny
Approved rendering: megtagad
Transliteration: arneomai
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Original: ἀρνέομαι
Category: Assurance
2 Timóteus 2:12. Part of the Critical creedal couplets; do not soften the warning force.
Faithless
Approved rendering: hitetlen / hűtlen
Transliteration: apisteō
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Original: ἀπιστέω
Category: Assurance
2 Timóteus 2:13: ‘if we are faithless, he remains faithful.’ The pivot verse for the Reformed perseverance-of-the-saints vs. Catholic real-possibility-of-forfeiture debate.
Rightly Handle
Approved rendering: helyesen fejt ki / helyesen tanít
Transliteration: orthotomeō
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Rejected alternatives: egyszerűen ‘tanítja’ (elveszíti a kézműves-pontosság képét)
Original: ὀρθοτομέω
Category: Doctrine
2 Timóteus 2:15. Unique NT compound (only occurrence) evoking a craftsman cutting a straight line. Must not flatten to a generic ‘tanítja.’ Keep visibly linked to the ‘word of truth’ word-family (2:9; 4:2).
Repentance
Approved rendering: megtérés
Transliteration: metanoia
Doctrine: Repentance as God’s Gift
Rejected alternatives: megadja neki a bűnbánat lehetőségét (túlzottan szinergista hangsúly), megtérést ad neki, mint kizárólagosan monergista, szisztematikus tételmondat (túlzottan reformátori dogmatikai lezárás)
Original: μετάνοια
Category: Salvation
2 Timóteus 2:24-26: ‘God may perhaps grant them repentance.’ COLLISION: Reformed monergistic-gift reading vs. Catholic sacrament-of-Penance-structured cooperating disposition. Translate Paul’s own tentative, missionary-hope conditional without resolving the systematic question. Mandatory theologian review.
Last Days
Approved rendering: utolsó napokban / végső napokban
Transliteration: en eschatais hēmerais
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Rejected alternatives: szűk, jövőbeli, dátumozható végidő-táblázat (szektás/kronológiai félreolvasás)
Original: ἐν ἐσχάταις ἡμέραις
Category: Apostasy
2 Timóteus 3:1. Both Hungarian traditions read this as the present church age; the risk is popular sectarian/millennarian usage importing a narrow future-only chart. Require a teaching note, not textual alteration.
Crown Of Righteousness
Approved rendering: az igazság koronája
Transliteration: ho tēs dikaiosynēs stephanos
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Rejected alternatives: korona önmagában, a rögzített kifejezésen kívül (magyar nemzeti/szakrális ‘Szent Korona’ asszociáció kockázata)
Original: ὁ τῆς δικαιοσύνης στέφανος
Category: Assurance
2 Timóteus 4:8. THE defining term of Assurance of Reward. COLLISION: Catholic merit-consistent reward theology vs. Reformed grace-consistent reward theology. Additionally, ‘korona’ alone risks unintended resonance with Hungary’s quasi-sacral national Szent Korona; always anchor within the fixed phrase ‘az igazság koronája,’ never standalone. Mandatory theologian review.
Desert Abandon
Approved rendering: elhagy
Transliteration: enkataleipō
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: ἐγκαταλείπω
Category: Apostasy
2 Timóteus 4:10 (Demas): ‘having loved this present world.’ A concrete, named case of apostasy-by-desertion; direct counterpoint to ‘having loved his appearing’ (4:8).
Medium Risk Terms
Called
Approved rendering: elhívott
Transliteration: klētos
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλητός / κέκληκεν
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Context-sensitive; relevant to 1:9’s calling language. Retained at baseline’s Medium tier for the adjectival form; see ‘calling’ (Critical) for the noun klēsis at 1:9.
Holy
Approved rendering: szent
Transliteration: hagios
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἅγιος / ἅγιαν
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus 1:9’s ‘holy calling’ — read adjectivally (set-apart quality), not nominally (a class of especially holy persons).
Peace
Approved rendering: béke
Transliteration: eirēnē
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus 1:2 (greeting formula), 2:22 (pursuit list).
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: Isten országa
Transliteration: basileia tou theou
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus 4:1 and 4:18 (‘his heavenly kingdom’) use the specifically eschatological-consummation sense, distinct from Romans 14:17’s present-advancing sense; teaching notes should mark this nuance.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: Isten ereje / erő
Transliteration: dynamis theou / dynamis
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Original: δύναμις
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, adapted contextually as ‘erő’ where the text reads simply δύναμις. 2 Timóteus occurrences: 1:7 (Spirit of power, not fear), 3:5 (denying its power).
Glory
Approved rendering: dicsőség
Transliteration: doxa
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus 2:10, 4:18 (closing doxology).
Seed Of David
Approved rendering: Dávid leszármazottja
Transliteration: sperma Dauid
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: σπέρμα Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus 2:8, part of Paul’s core gospel-content summary alongside the resurrection.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: pogányok
Transliteration: ethnē
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus 4:17: ‘that all the Gentiles might hear’ the gospel through Paul. Ensure the neutral missionary-audience sense is clear, not a pejorative overtone.
Church
Approved rendering: egyház
Transliteration: ekklēsia
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Inherited from Romans package. Not directly named as ἐκκλησία in 2 Timothy; retained here for cross-document consistency only, in case future 2 Timothy-adjacent teaching materials require it.
Teaching Doctrine
Approved rendering: tanítás
Transliteration: didaskalia / didachē
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: διδασκαλία / διδαχή
Category: Doctrine
2 Timóteus 1:13, 3:16 (core passage), 4:2 (core passage, διδαχή synonym). Keep rendering consistent across all occurrences; fence away from generic school-lesson connotations by pairing with ‘egészséges’ where the technical sound-doctrine sense is intended.
Reproof
Approved rendering: feddés / feddj
Transliteration: elenchos / elenchō
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: ἔλεγχος / ἐλέγχω
Category: Doctrine
2 Timóteus 3:16 (core passage), 4:2 (core passage). Keep identical at both occurrences to preserve the link between Scripture’s own work and Timothy’s ministerial task.
Correction
Approved rendering: megjobbítás
Transliteration: epanorthōsis
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: ἐπανόρθωσις
Category: Doctrine
2 Timóteus 3:16 (core passage). Must remain visibly distinct from ἔλεγχος (feddés) and παιδεία (nevelés) — do not collapse Scripture’s four listed functions into synonyms.
Desire
Approved rendering: kívánság
Transliteration: epithymia
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: ἐπιθυμία
Category: Apostasy
2 Timóteus 2:22, 3:6, 4:3 (core passage). Keep consistent across all three occurrences so the reader traces the appetite-driven-apostasy motif.
Myth
Approved rendering: mese
Transliteration: mythos
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Rejected alternatives: mítosz (risks suggesting engagement with formal mythological systems rather than Paul’s dismissive sense of baseless fabrication)
Original: μῦθος
Category: Apostasy
2 Timóteus 4:4 (core passage). ‘Mese’ carries an appropriately dismissive connotation.
Sober
Approved rendering: józan / légy józan
Transliteration: nēphō
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Original: νήφω
Category: Perseverance
2 Timóteus 4:5 (core passage). Same metaphor family as ὑγιαίνω (sound doctrine) and σωφρονισμός (1:7); keep the health/clarity register consistent.
Evangelist
Approved rendering: evangélista
Transliteration: euangelistēs
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: εὐαγγελιστής
Category: Preaching
2 Timóteus 4:5 (core passage). Teach as a gospel-proclaiming function/task in ordinary pastoral ministry, not a fixed modern office or media-evangelist genre.
Ministry
Approved rendering: szolgálat
Transliteration: diakonia
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: διακονία
Category: Preaching
2 Timóteus 4:5 (core passage). Standard, low-ambiguity term shared across Hungarian traditions.
Fulfill Ministry
Approved rendering: betölt / teljesen bevégez
Transliteration: plērophoreō
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: πληροφορέω
Category: Preaching
2 Timóteus 4:5 (core passage). Ensure the sense of complete, not merely begun, fulfillment; echoes 4:7’s ‘I have finished the race.‘
Promise Of Life
Approved rendering: élet ígérete
Transliteration: epangelia zōēs
Doctrine: Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
Original: ἐπαγγελία ζωῆς
Category: Covenant
2 Timóteus 1:1. Ties to the baseline ‘covenant’ concept without invoking the full Reformed federal-theology system; teach as Paul’s specific promise-fulfillment claim.
Mercy
Approved rendering: irgalom
Transliteration: eleos
Doctrine: Mercy of God
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Grace
2 Timóteus 1:2, 1:16, 1:18 (Onesiphorus). Distinguish ‘irgalom’ from ‘kegyelem’ (grace) as a related but distinct concept; do not collapse into a synonym. Care needed at 1:16/18 not to imply saintly intercession by a deceased figure.
Love
Approved rendering: szeretet
Transliteration: agapē
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Sanctification
2 Timóteus 1:7 (Spirit’s gift), 2:22 (virtue list). Standard, low-internal-risk term shared across Hungarian traditions.
Self Discipline
Approved rendering: önuralom / józanság
Transliteration: sōphronismos
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: σωφρονισμός
Category: Doctrine
2 Timóteus 1:7, part of the Spirit’s gift contrasted with cowardice. Same root family as ὑγιαίνω/νήφω; keep the metaphorical health/clarity register visible where possible.
Testimony
Approved rendering: bizonyságtétel
Transliteration: martyrion
Doctrine: Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
Original: μαρτύριον
Category: Faithful Transmission
2 Timóteus 1:8: ‘do not be ashamed of the testimony.’ Links to gospel proclamation vocabulary.
Incorruption
Approved rendering: romolhatatlanság
Transliteration: aphtharsia
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: ἀφθαρσία
Category: Eschatology
2 Timóteus 1:10. The resurrection-life quality Christ brought to light through the gospel.
Pattern Of Sound Words
Approved rendering: minta / példa
Transliteration: hypotypōsis hygiainontōn logōn
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: ὑποτύπωσις ὑγιαινόντων λόγων
Category: Doctrine
2 Timóteus 1:13. Same ὑγιαίνω root as 4:3’s sound doctrine; establishes the pattern-of-teaching concept early in the letter.
Word Battles
Approved rendering: szóharc
Transliteration: logomachia
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: λογομαχία
Category: Doctrine
2 Timóteus 2:14. Destructive verbal disputes to be avoided, a practical outworking of Guarding Sound Doctrine.
Foundation
Approved rendering: alap
Transliteration: themelios
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: θεμέλιος
Category: Doctrine
2 Timóteus 2:19: ‘the foundation of God stands firm.’ Doctrinal/relational stability amid apostasy.
Seal
Approved rendering: pecsét
Transliteration: sphragis
Doctrine: Effectual Calling and Election
Original: σφραγίς
Category: Divine Calling
2 Timóteus 2:19: ‘the Lord knows those who are his.’ Touches election themes lightly; teach as God’s sovereign knowledge of his own without over-systematizing.
Vessel Honor Dishonor
Approved rendering: eszköz tisztességre / tisztességtelenségre
Transliteration: skeuos eis timēn / eis atimian
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: σκεῦος εἰς τιμὴν / εἰς ἀτιμίαν
Category: Sanctification
2 Timóteus 2:20-21. Household-vessel metaphor calling the believer to purify himself for honorable service; ties to the Romans-established sanctification doctrine.
Gentleness
Approved rendering: szelídség
Transliteration: prautēs
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: πραΰτης
Category: Doctrine
2 Timóteus 2:25. Needed balance alongside sharp doctrinal correction.
Knowledge Of Truth
Approved rendering: az igazság megismerése
Transliteration: epignōsis alētheias
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: ἐπίγνωσις ἀληθείας
Category: Doctrine
2 Timóteus 2:25, 3:7. Keep rendering consistent across both occurrences.
Difficult Times
Approved rendering: veszélyes idők
Transliteration: kairoi chalepoi
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: καιροὶ χαλεποί
Category: Apostasy
2 Timóteus 3:1. Moral-spiritual danger, not merely calamity.
Vice List
Approved rendering: önmagukat szeretők… inkább a gyönyört, mint Istent szeretők
Transliteration: philautoi, philargyroi… philēdonoi mallon ē philotheoi
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: φίλαυτοι, φιλάργυροι… φιλήδονοι μᾶλλον ἢ φιλόθεοι
Category: Apostasy
2 Timóteus 3:2-4. The φιλόθεος/φιλήδονος (love of God vs. love of pleasure) contrast is the diagnostic climax and should be given prominence in teaching notes.
Form Of Godliness
Approved rendering: a kegyesség látszata / formája
Transliteration: morphōsis eusebeias
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: μόρφωσις εὐσεβείας
Category: Apostasy
2 Timóteus 3:5. Do not let this read as an implicit critique of either tradition’s own liturgical/devotional forms; keep the force general, targeting hypocrisy as such.
Godliness
Approved rendering: kegyesség
Transliteration: eusebeia
Doctrine: Godliness and True Religion
Original: εὐσέβεια
Category: Apostasy
2 Timóteus 3:5, 3:12. Standard term shared across Hungarian Catholic and Reformed traditions.
Disqualified Concerning Faith
Approved rendering: megbízhatatlanok a hit dolgában
Transliteration: adokimoi peri tēn pistin
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: ἀδόκιμοι περὶ τὴν πίστιν
Category: Apostasy
2 Timóteus 3:8. The false teachers’ ultimate spiritual failure despite outward religious activity.
Persecution
Approved rendering: üldözés
Transliteration: diōgmos
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Original: διωγμός
Category: Perseverance
2 Timóteus 3:11. Part of Paul’s catalogue of endured suffering modeling perseverance for Timothy.
Suffering
Approved rendering: szenvedés
Transliteration: pathēma
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Original: πάθημα
Category: Perseverance
2 Timóteus 3:11, paired with διωγμός.
Rescue
Approved rendering: megszabadít
Transliteration: rhyomai
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Original: ῥύομαι
Category: Perseverance
2 Timóteus 3:11 (‘the Lord rescued me from them all’), anticipated again at 4:17-18. Keep rendering consistent between both occurrences to preserve the deliberate literary echo.
Deceive
Approved rendering: megtéveszt
Transliteration: planaō
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: πλανάω
Category: Apostasy
2 Timóteus 3:13: ‘deceiving and being deceived,’ the self-compounding nature of apostasy.
Poured Out Libation
Approved rendering: kiöntött italáldozatként
Transliteration: spendomai
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Rejected alternatives: egyszerűen ‘a vége közeledik’ (elveszíti a kultikus áldozati képet)
Original: σπένδομαι
Category: Assurance
2 Timóteus 4:6. Sacrificial drink-offering imagery applied to Paul’s approaching death; retain the cultic-sacrificial sense.
Fight And Race
Approved rendering: küzdelem / futás
Transliteration: agōn / dromos
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Original: ἀγών / δρόμος
Category: Perseverance
2 Timóteus 4:7. The athletic-contest metaphor pair, echoing 2:5’s athlete imagery.
Judge
Approved rendering: bíró
Transliteration: kritēs
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Original: κριτής
Category: Assurance
2 Timóteus 4:8. Reinforces 4:1’s ‘judge of the living and the dead’; the reward is given by a just Judge, not earned independently of his judgment.
Low Risk Terms
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: hálaadás / hálát adok
Transliteration: eucharistia / eucharistō
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστῶ / χάριν ἔχω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus 1:3, Paul’s thanksgiving for Timothy. Standard vocabulary; minimal risk.
Apostle
Approved rendering: apostol
Transliteration: apostolos
Doctrine: Apostleship
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus 1:1, 1:11 (‘hírnök, apostol és tanító’). Unambiguous across Hungarian traditions.
Exhort
Approved rendering: buzdítani
Transliteration: parakaleō
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus 4:2, part of the preaching charge.
David
Approved rendering: Dávid
Transliteration: Dawid
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timóteus 2:8. Standard proper name.
Profitable
Approved rendering: hasznos
Transliteration: ōphelimos
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: ὠφέλιμος
Category: Scripture
2 Timóteus 3:16 (core passage). Standard, low-risk term.
Accumulate Teachers
Approved rendering: gyűjt / felhalmoz
Transliteration: episōreuō
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: ἐπισωρεύω
Category: Apostasy
2 Timóteus 4:3 (core passage). Vivid, low-risk image of doctrinal consumerism.
Itching Ears
Approved rendering: viszket a fülük
Transliteration: knēthomenoi tēn akoēn
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: κνηθόμενοι τὴν ἀκοήν
Category: Apostasy
2 Timóteus 4:3 (core passage). Idiom transfers transparently into Hungarian; no adaptation needed.
Will Of God
Approved rendering: Isten akarata
Transliteration: thelēma theou
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: θέλημα Θεοῦ
Category: Divine Calling
2 Timóteus 1:1. Standard, low-risk rendering grounding Paul’s apostleship in divine will, not self-appointment.
Gangrene
Approved rendering: üszkösödés
Transliteration: gangraina
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: γάγγραινα
Category: Apostasy
2 Timóteus 2:17. Vivid medical metaphor for spreading, destructive false teaching; already standard Hungarian medical vocabulary.
Devil
Approved rendering: ördög
Transliteration: diabolos
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: διάβολος
Category: Apostasy
2 Timóteus 2:26. Standard, unambiguous term across Hungarian Christian traditions.
Departure
Approved rendering: elköltözés / távozás
Transliteration: analysis
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Original: ἀνάλυσις
Category: Assurance
2 Timóteus 4:6. A nautical/military euphemism for death reframed as a dignified, purposeful loosing.
Age World
Approved rendering: világ / korszak
Transliteration: aiōn
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: αἰών
Category: Apostasy
2 Timóteus 4:10. The present age/world, the object of Demas’s misplaced love.
Timothy
Approved rendering: Timóteus
Transliteration: Timotheos
Doctrine: Proper Name
Established Hungarian Bible-tradition proper name form; the letter’s recipient, throughout.
Paul
Approved rendering: Pál
Transliteration: Paulos
Doctrine: Proper Name
Established Hungarian Bible-tradition proper name form; the letter’s author, throughout.
Lois
Approved rendering: Lóisz
Transliteration: Lōis
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 1:5. Timothy’s grandmother.
Eunice
Approved rendering: Eunika
Transliteration: Eunikē
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 1:5. Timothy’s mother.
Onesiphorus
Approved rendering: Onésifórus
Transliteration: Onēsiphoros
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 1:16, 4:19.
Hymenaeus
Approved rendering: Himenaiosz
Transliteration: Hymenaios
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 2:17. Associated with the false ‘resurrection already happened’ teaching; see ‘resurrection’ entry above for the required contextual marking.
Philetus
Approved rendering: Filétus
Transliteration: Philētos
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 2:17.
Moses
Approved rendering: Mózes
Transliteration: Mōysēs
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 3:8, referenced via Jannes and Jambres.
Jannes
Approved rendering: Jannész
Transliteration: Iannēs
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 3:8.
Jambres
Approved rendering: Jámbrész
Transliteration: Iambrēs
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 3:8.
Demas
Approved rendering: Démász
Transliteration: Dēmas
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:10. Named case study of apostasy-by-desertion; see ‘desert_abandon’ entry.
Crescens
Approved rendering: Krészcensz
Transliteration: Krēskēs
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:10.
Titus
Approved rendering: Titusz
Transliteration: Titos
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:10.
Dalmatia
Approved rendering: Dalmácia
Transliteration: Dalmatia
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:10. Place name.
Tychicus
Approved rendering: Tükhikosz
Transliteration: Tychikos
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:12.
Mark
Approved rendering: Márk
Transliteration: Markos
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:11.
Carpus
Approved rendering: Kárpusz
Transliteration: Karpos
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:13.
Troas
Approved rendering: Tróász
Transliteration: Trōas
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:13. Place name.
Alexander
Approved rendering: Alexander (az érckovács)
Transliteration: Alexandros ho chalkeus
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:14. ‘The Lord will repay him’ (4:14) touches the Lordship of Christ doctrine; the name itself is low risk.
Prisca
Approved rendering: Priszka
Transliteration: Priska
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:19.
Aquila
Approved rendering: Akvila
Transliteration: Akylas
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:19.
Erastus
Approved rendering: Erasztus
Transliteration: Erastos
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:20.
Corinth
Approved rendering: Korinthosz
Transliteration: Korinthos
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:20. Place name.
Trophimus
Approved rendering: Trófimusz
Transliteration: Trophimos
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:20.
Miletus
Approved rendering: Milétosz
Transliteration: Milētos
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:20. Place name.
Eubulus
Approved rendering: Eubulosz
Transliteration: Eubulos
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:21.
Pudens
Approved rendering: Pudensz
Transliteration: Poudēs
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:21.
Linus
Approved rendering: Linusz
Transliteration: Linos
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:21.
Claudia
Approved rendering: Klaudia
Transliteration: Klaudia
Doctrine: Proper Name
2 Timóteus 4:21.
Referenced passages