Core Glossary

Colossians Core Glossary — English ⇄ Maithili

1. Reused Terms from the Romans Baseline (Verbatim — No Deviation Permitted)

English Term	Maithili	Transliteration	Risk	Colossians Refs	Baseline Doctrine
gospel	सुसमाचार	susamācār	High	1:5, 1:23, 4:3	Gospel
grace	अनुग्रह	anugraha	High	1:2, 1:6, 3:16, 4:6	Grace
faith	विश्वास	biswas	High	1:4, 1:23, 2:5, 2:7, 2:12	Faith
holy	पवित्र	pavitra	High	1:22, 3:12	Sanctification
saints	पवित्र जन	pavitra jan	High	1:2, 1:4, 1:12, 1:26	Sainthood
resurrection (Christ’s own)	पुनरुत्थान	punaruthān	Critical	1:18 (πρωτότοκος ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν)	Resurrection of Christ
lord (Christ’s exclusive Lordship)	प्रभु	prabhu	Critical	1:3, 1:10, 3:17, 3:18, 3:23-24, 4:1, 4:7, 4:17	Lordship of Christ
son of God	परमेश्वरक पुत्र	parameśvarak putra	Critical	1:13 (“Son of his love”), 1:15-20 context	Sonship of Christ / Deity of Christ
peace	शान्ति	śānti	Medium	1:2, 1:20, 3:15	Peace with God
thanksgiving	धन्यवाद	dhanyavād	Low	1:3, 1:12, 3:15, 3:17, 4:2	Thanksgiving
church	मण्डली	maṇḍalī	Medium	1:18, 1:24, 4:15, 4:16	Church as God’s People
kingdom of God (extended: “of his beloved Son”)	परमेश्वरक राज्य / प्रिय पुत्रक राज्य	parameśvarak rājya / priya putrak rājya	Medium-High	1:13	Kingdom Mission
sin	पाप	pāp	High	1:14 (forgiveness of sins), 2:11, 2:13	Universal Human Accountability
apostle	प्रेरित	prerit	Medium	1:1	Apostleship
glory	महिमा	mahimā	High	1:11, 1:27, 3:4	Deity of Christ
spiritual (root reused for songs)	आत्मिक	ātmik	Medium	1:9 (spiritual understanding), 3:16 (spiritual songs)	Spiritual Gifts
Jesus	यीशु	Yīśu	Critical	1:1, 1:4, 3:17, 4:11	Lordship of Christ
Christ	ख्रीष्ट	Khrīṣṭ	Critical	throughout	Christology (general)
God	परमेश्वर	parameśvar	Critical	throughout	Deity of Christ
Holy Spirit	पवित्र आत्मा	pavitra ātmā	Critical	1:8	Sanctification

English Term	Greek	Maithili	Transliteration	Risk	Refs	Rejected Alternatives	Notes
image (of the invisible God)	εἰκών	प्रतिरूप	pratirūp	Critical	1:15, 3:10	मूर्ति	मूर्ति is the ordinary word for a worshiped physical idol-image; using it here would make Christ sound like an idol-representation of God rather than God’s own living self-disclosure. Distinct sense at 3:10 (believer renewed in Creator’s image) must be flagged separately from Christ’s unique deity-revealing image at 1:15.
firstborn (of all creation / from the dead)	πρωτότοκος	पहिलौठा	pahilauthā	Critical	1:15, 1:18	प्रथमजात (as a Sanskritism implying literal chronological first-creation)	Must be glossed as supreme rank/inheritance rights over creation, NOT that Christ is himself a created being — the historic Arian misreading this verse is most vulnerable to. Mandatory translator note at every occurrence.
creation	κτίσις	सृष्टि	sṛṣṭi	Medium	1:15, 1:16, 1:23	—	First occurrence should explicitly anchor सृष्टि to परमेश्वर as sole Creator, distinct from Puranic creation narratives.
invisible	ἀόρατος	अदृश्य	adṛśya	Low	1:15, 1:16	—	Standard; no significant risk.
thrones / dominions / rulers / authorities	θρόνοι, κυριότητες, ἀρχαί, ἐξουσίαι	सिंहासन, प्रभुत्व, प्रधानता, अधिकार	siṃhāsan, prabhutva, pradhānatā, adhikār	High	1:16, 2:10, 2:15	—	Risk of syncretism with the regional gram devta/kul devta spirit-hierarchy; must be framed as Christ’s creatures, subordinate and (at 2:15) decisively defeated, never as parallel powers requiring separate devotion.
through him and for him	δι᾽ αὐτοῦ καὶ εἰς αὐτόν	ओकर द्वारा आ ओकरे लेल	okar dvārā ā okare lel	Medium	1:16	—	Standard agency/purpose construction; low ambiguity.
before all things	πρὸ πάντων	सभसँ पहिने	sabhsã̃ pahine	High	1:17	—	Must convey eternal (not merely chronological/oldest) priority, consistent with the firstborn caution above.
hold together / sustain	συνίστημι	संग थमल रहब	saṅg thamal rahab	Medium-High	1:17	—	Must remain personal (Christ actively sustaining) not an impersonal cosmic-substrate/Brahman-echo.
head (of the body, the church)	κεφαλή	शीर्ष	śīrṣa	High	1:18, 2:10, 2:19	—	Reused in Household Codes (husband as “head” is not stated in Colossians directly, but the concept recurs in 3:18ff); keep the Christ-church headship sense doctrinally distinct from domestic-hierarchy applications.
body (of Christ, the church)	σῶμα	देह	deha	Medium-High	1:18, 1:24, 2:19, 3:15	शरीर (used only for literal physical body, e.g. flesh)	Reuses the देह root already present in baseline देहधारण (incarnation) for word-family consistency.
beginning	ἀρχή	आरम्भ	ārambh	Low-Medium	1:18	—	Standard.
preeminent	πρωτεύων	सर्वोपरि	sarvopari	High	1:18	—	Completes the supremacy claim begun at v.15; pairs with पहिलौठा.
fullness (of deity)	πλήρωμα	पूर्णता	pūrṇatā	Critical	1:19, 2:9	—	HIGHEST-RISK TERM IN THE BOOK. Collides directly with the widely known Isha Upanishad Shanti Mantra (“पूर्णमदः पूर्णमिदम्”) describing an impersonal, all-pervading metaphysical fullness (Brahman). Mandatory translator note at every occurrence distinguishing personal, bodily, exclusive fullness of God in Christ from impersonal pantheistic totality.
dwell (fullness dwells in him)	κατοικέω	वास करब	vās karab	Medium-High	1:19	—	Must convey permanent residence, not episodic/temporary avatar-style manifestation.
reconcile	ἀποκαταλλάσσω	मेल-मिलाप कराएब	mel-milāp karāeb	Critical	1:20, 1:21-22	—	Cosmic-scope reconciliation achieved exclusively through the cross; must not soften into a vague notion of achievable cosmic balance/harmony.
blood (of the cross)	αἷμα	लहू	lahū	High	1:20	खून (acceptable but less formal/literary)	Must be distinguished from regional Shakta blood-sacrifice-to-a-deity practice (e.g., at the Ugratara shrine); Christ’s blood is God’s own self-giving atoning sacrifice, not a supplicant’s offering to appease a deity.
cross	σταυρός	क्रूस	krūs	Medium	1:20	काठ/लकड़ी (generic “wood,” rejected — loses atonement-specific meaning)	Established North Indian Bible-translation transliteration; retain rather than paraphrase.
deity / Godhead	θεότης	ईश्वरत्व	īśvaratva	Critical	2:9	देवत्व	देवत्व carries the everyday sense of a “godlike quality” shared by any deva; ईश्वरत्व anchors the term to परमेश्वर specifically, matching the Romans doctrine registry’s existing ख्रीष्टक ईश्वरत्व coinage.

3. New Terms — Union with Christ, Reconciliation, and the Old/New Self

English Term	Greek	Maithili	Transliteration	Risk	Refs	Rejected Alternatives	Notes
buried with [Christ]	συνθάπτω	संग गाड़ल गेल	saṅg gāṛal gel	Critical	2:12	—	Union with Christ doctrine; concrete burial-image, paired with the next entry.
raised with [Christ]	συνεγείρω	ख्रीष्टक संग उठाओल गेल	Khrīṣṭak saṅg uṭhāol gel	Critical	2:12, 3:1	पुनरुत्थान (reserved), पुनर्जन्म (forbidden)	Deliberately uses the ordinary verb “raised” rather than the baseline’s reserved पुनरुत्थान (Christ’s own unique historical bodily resurrection), to avoid implying a second instance of that unrepeatable event, while firmly avoiding any approach toward the forbidden पुनर्जन्म (reincarnation).
dead in trespasses	νεκρός + παράπτωμα	अपराधमे मृत	aparādhme mṛt	Medium	2:13	—	παράπτωμα (trespass) rendered अपराध, a specific wrongful act, distinguished from the broader baseline पाप (sin).
certificate/record of debt	χειρόγραφον	ऋणपत्र	ṛṇapatra	High	2:14	—	Legal-financial atonement image; the debt-record cancelled and nailed to the cross.
regulations / legal demands	δόγμα	नियमसभ	niyam sabh	Medium	2:14, 2:20	व्यवस्था (reserved for the Mosaic Law itself)	Conceptually adjacent to but not identical with baseline’s व्यवस्था.
disarmed [the rulers and authorities]	ἀπεκδύομαι	निरस्त्र कएल	nirastra kael	Medium-High	2:15	—	Resolves 1:16’s power-hierarchy tension: the powers are defeated, not rival deities.
triumphed over	θριαμβεύω	विजय पताका फहराएल	vijay patākā phaharāel	Medium-High	2:15	—	Public-triumph military image; Christ’s decisive victory over the powers.
put off the old self	ἀπεκδύομαι τὸν παλαιὸν ἄνθρωπον	पुरान मनुष्यकेँ त्याग करब	purān manuṣyakẽ tyāg karab	Critical	3:9	—	Core doctrine: decisive, Christ-grounded transformation, not incremental self-effort/merit accumulation.
put on the new self	ἐνδύομαι τὸν νέον [ἄνθρωπον]	नव मनुष्यकेँ धारण करब	nav manuṣyakẽ dhāraṇ karab	Critical	3:10	—	Paired with the above; renewal “according to the image of its Creator” reuses the प्रतिरूप analysis (distinguished from Christ’s unique image-sense at 1:15).
Christ is all and in all	τὰ πάντα καὶ ἐν πᾶσιν Χριστός	ख्रीष्ट सभ किछु अछि आ सभमे अछि	Khrīṣṭ sabh kichu achi ā sabhme achi	Critical	3:11	—	High risk of Advaita Vedanta pantheistic misreading (“sarvam khalv idam brahma”); Christ’s supremacy and personal indwelling of believers must be kept distinct from impersonal, undifferentiated divine immanence.
no distinction (Greek/Jew, circumcised/uncircumcised, barbarian, Scythian, slave, free)	Ἕλλην/Ἰουδαῖος/περιτομή/ἀκροβυστία/βάρβαρος/Σκύθης/δοῦλος/ἐλεύθερος	यूनानी, यहूदी, खतनाकएल, बिनु खतनाक, बर्बर, सिकिथियन, दास, स्वतंत्र	(transliterated as listed)	Critical	3:11	—	Extends the Romans baseline’s Critical Unity of Jews and Gentiles / Universal Scope of the Gospel doctrines directly against Mithila’s Panjikaran caste-lineage system; must retain full, unqualified force.

4. New Terms — False Teaching, Syncretism, and Asceticism (Chapter 2)

English Term	Greek	Maithili	Transliteration	Risk	Refs	Rejected Alternatives	Notes
mystery (hidden, now revealed)	μυστήριον	रहस्य	rahasya	Critical	1:26-27, 2:2, 4:3	—	Extremely high collision risk with Shakta/Tantric esoteric “rahasya” traditions (restricted secret teaching); Paul’s mystery is the opposite — openly proclaimed to all, not restricted to initiates. Mandatory translator note at every occurrence.
philosophy (and empty deceit)	φιλοσοφία	दर्शनशास्त्र	darśanśāstra	High	2:8	—	Risk of being heard as merely a seventh “darśana” alongside the six classical Hindu schools; must be clearly marked as a specific condemned teaching, not philosophical reflection generally.
elemental spirits / basic principles of the world	στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου	संसारक आदितत्त्व	saṃsārak āditattva	Critical	2:8, 2:20	—	Collides with Hindu पञ्चतत्त्व (five-elements) cosmology and astrological elemental-spirit belief; must be glossed as the defeated false powers of 2:15, not neutral physical elements.
circumcision (spiritual, “of Christ”)	περιτομή τοῦ Χριστοῦ	बिना हाथेक खतना	binā hāthek khatnā	High	2:11	—	Inward spiritual transformation, not a summons to the literal rite (खतना alone, Medium risk, used for the literal Jewish practice).
baptism	βάπτισμα	बपतिस्मा	baptismā	Medium	2:12	स्नान (rejected: ritual bathing for purification/merit)	Established transliteration; distinct from Hindu ritual bathing practices.
festival, new moon, sabbath	ἑορτή, νεομηνία, σάββατον	पर्व, नवचन्द्र, विश्रामदिन	parva, navacandra, viśrāmdin	High	2:16	—	Frame strictly as a warning against legalistic judgment over calendar observance, given the centrality of lunar tithi-based festival timing in regional religious life.
shadow / substance	σκιά / σῶμα (sense 2)	छाया / वास्तविकता	chāyā / vāstaviktā	Medium	2:17	—	σῶμα used here in its “substance/reality” sense, distinct from its “body (of Christ)” sense at 1:18/24.
worship of angels	θρησκεία τῶν ἀγγέλων	स्वर्गदूतक पूजा	svargadūtak pūjā	Critical	2:18	—	पूजा is the precise regional word for ritual devotion to a deity/intermediary spirit; this verse condemns exactly that pattern directed at any created being. Handle with strong contextual framing.
dwelling on visions	ἐμβατεύω	देखल दर्शनमे प्रवेश करब	dekhal darśanme praveś karab	High	2:18	—	Risk of resonance with regional mystical/visionary “darshan” traditions; frame as false spiritual pride.
false humility / self-made religion	ταπεινοφροσύνη (neg.) / ἐθελοθρησκία	झूठ नम्रता / स्वनिर्मित उपासना	jhūṭh namratā / svanirmit upāsanā	Critical	2:18, 2:23	—	Direct collision with Mithila’s Shaiva/Vaishnava math ascetic-discipline tradition, already flagged Critical in the Romans baseline doctrine of Separation unto God’s Service.
severity to the body	ἀφειδία σώματος	देहक प्रति कठोरता	dehak prati kaṭhortā	High	2:23	—	Must clearly convey the text’s verdict that such ascetic self-denial has no real spiritual value, despite the regional prestige of tapasyā.
perfect / mature	τέλειος	पूर्ण / परिपक्व	pūrṇa / paripakva	High	1:28	सिद्ध (forbidden)	सिद्ध names a yogic/tantric perfected adept with attained supernatural powers — an achieved-attainment model precisely opposite to Spirit-given maturity in Christ.

5. New Terms — Ethics, Household Codes, and Closing Instructions (Chapters 1, 3-4)

English Term	Greek	Maithili	Transliteration	Risk	Refs	Rejected Alternatives	Notes
love	ἀγάπη	प्रेम	prem	High	1:4, 1:8, 3:14, 3:19	—	Risk of importing the romantic-devotional register of Vidyapati’s Radha-Krishna love poetry; must be anchored as committed, self-giving, non-erotic love, especially in “love for the saints” and household contexts.
hope	ἐλπίς	आशा	āśā	Medium	1:5, 1:23, 1:27	—	Confident biblical expectation, not fatalistic everyday “hoping for luck.”
knowledge / full knowledge	ἐπίγνωσις	पूर्ण ज्ञान	pūrṇa jñān	High	1:9-10	—	Must be distinguished from Hindu jñāna-mārga (liberating gnosis toward release from rebirth); this is relational knowledge of God’s will.
delivered / rescued; redemption	ῥύομαι / ἀπολύτρωσις	छुटकारा	chuṭkārā	High	1:13, 1:14	उद्धार (reserved for the general doctrine of Salvation)	Per baseline’s explicit allowance, छुटकारा is used for this specific rescue/ransom-narrative image (domain of darkness → the Son’s kingdom), not as a substitute for the general उद्धार term.
forgiveness (of sins)	ἄφεσις	क्षमा	kṣamā	Medium	1:14	—	Plain pardon/remission; distinct from the Critical forensic compound धर्मी घोषित कएल जाएब (justification, baseline) — must not be conflated.
blameless, irreproachable	ἄμωμος, ἀνέγκλητος	निर्दोष, निष्कलंक	nirdoṣ, niṣkalaṅk	High	1:22	—	निष्कलंक risks regional association with a woman’s chastity-honor (सतीत्व-adjacent); clarify as forensic/moral standing for all believers, not a gendered purity category.
fill up what is lacking [in Christ’s afflictions]	ἀνταναπληρόω	अधूरापन पूर्ण करब	adhūrāpan pūrṇa karab	Critical	1:24	—	Refers to Paul’s/the church’s appointed share of gospel-mission suffering, NOT any insufficiency in Christ’s finished, cosmic-scope atonement (1:20). Mandatory translator note required.
stewardship	οἰκονομία	प्रबन्ध / भण्डारीपन	prabandh / bhaṇḍārīpan	Medium-High	1:25	—	Paul’s entrusted gospel-ministry commission, not a merely bureaucratic role.
bearing with / forgiving	ἀνέχομαι / χαρίζομαι	सहन करब / अनुग्रहपूर्वक क्षमा करब	sahan karab / anugrahapūrvak kṣamā karab	High	3:13	—	χαρίζομαι shares its root with χάρις (grace, baseline अनुग्रह); mutual forgiveness here is grace enacted between believers.
bond of perfection/completeness	σύνδεσμος τῆς τελειότητος	पूर्णताक बन्धन	pūrṇatāk bandhan	High	3:14	सिद्धताक बन्धन (rejected — सिद्ध avoidance principle)	Love as the unifying bond of all virtues; avoid any सिद्ध-adjacent phrasing.
let the peace of Christ rule (umpire)	βραβεύω	शासन करय / निर्णायक बनय	śāsan karay / nirṇāyak banay	Medium	3:15	—	Athletic-arbiter metaphor; peace as deciding “judge” in matters of conscience.
Household Code: wives submit / husbands love	ὑποτάσσω / ἀγαπάω	अधीन होयब (रहब) / प्रेम करब	adhīn hoyab (rahab) / prem karab	Critical	3:18-19	सतीत्वपूर्ण समर्पण (rejected: frames submission as the culturally cherished Sita-modeled chastity/self-effacement virtue-ideal)	Must be rendered as mutual, Christ-patterned household ethic — paired with the husband’s sacrificial-love command and the qualifier “as is fitting in the Lord” — never as endorsement of the regional सतीत्व wifely-virtue exemplar the Romans baseline already rejected for related terms.
children obey / fathers do not provoke	ὑπακούω / ἐρεθίζω	आज्ञा मानब / निराश नहि करू	ājñā mānab / nirāś nahi karū	High	3:20-21	—	आज्ञा मानब reuses the आज्ञाकारिता root from baseline’s obedience_of_faith term for consistency.
slaves obey / masters treat justly and fairly	ὑπακούω (δοῦλοι) / δίκαιον καὶ ἰσότητα (κύριοι)	दास … आज्ञा मानब / स्वामी … न्याय आ समानता	dās … ājñā mānab / svāmī … nyāy ā samāntā	Critical	3:22-4:1	प्रभु (rejected for human “master” — reserved exclusively for Christ’s Lordship)	Critical boundary-preservation case: κύριος here must be rendered स्वामी, never प्रभु, keeping Christ’s exclusive Lordship title uncontaminated by the passage’s own human-master/heavenly-Master wordplay (4:1). दास carries Panjikaran/caste-servitude sensitivity requiring a historical-context translator note.
open door for the word	θύρα τοῦ λόγου	वचनक द्वार	vacanak dvār	Low	4:3	—	Standard gospel-opportunity metaphor.
walk in wisdom toward outsiders	σοφία περιπατέω πρὸς τοὺς ἔξω	बुद्धिमानीपूर्ण आचरण	buddhimānīpūrṇa ācaraṇ	Low-Medium	4:5	—	Prudent public conduct toward non-believers.
speech seasoned with salt	ἅλατι ἠρτυμένος	बुद्धिमानीपूर्ण आ कृपापूर्ण वचन	buddhimānīpūrṇa ā kṛpāpūrṇa vacan	Low	4:6	—	Idiom; rendered by meaning per idiom-handling rules, not literal salt-image, unless a natural Maithili equivalent is confirmed in Phase 2 review.
fellow servant / minister	σύνδουλος / διάκονος	सहदास / सेवक	sahadās / sevak	Low-Medium	4:7, 4:12, 4:17	—	Ministry-partnership terms; distinct from प्रेरित (apostle, a commissioned office).
church in the house	ἐκκλησία κατ᾽ οἶκον	घरक मण्डली	gharak maṇḍalī	Low-Medium	4:15	—	Reuses baseline मण्डली exactly.

6. Risk Summary for Colossians New-Term Additions

Risk Tier	Count of New Terms	Review Routing
Critical	14 (image, firstborn, fullness, Christ is all/in all, no-distinction list, put off/put on old-new self, buried/raised with Christ, reconcile, deity/Godhead, worship of angels, idolatry [greed=idolatry], elemental spirits, mystery, self-made religion/false humility, household code wives/husbands, household code slaves/masters, fill up what is lacking)	Human theologian
High	20 (thrones/dominions/etc., before all things, head, preeminent, blood, philosophy, spiritual circumcision, festival/new moon/sabbath, dwelling on visions, severity to body, perfect/mature, love, knowledge, delivered/redemption, blameless/irreproachable, bond of perfection, certificate of debt, bearing with/forgiving, children/fathers, disarmed/triumphed)	Human theologian
Medium	remainder (creation, sustain, body [church-sense], beginning, dwell, baptism, shadow/substance, regulations, umpire/rule, stewardship, hope, forgiveness, stewardship-adjacent terms)	Native speaker review
Low	idiomatic/administrative closing-chapter terms (open door, walk in wisdom, salt-idiom, fellow servant/minister, church in the house, greeting formulas)	Automated review

Note: exact numeric totals to be reconciled against the final doctrine_risk_registry.json extension for Colossians in a later pipeline step; this summary reflects the term counts registered in Sections 2-5 above.

Critical Risk Terms

Resurrection

Approved rendering: पुनरुत्थान
Transliteration: punaruthān
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: पुनर्जन्म, पुनर्जीवन

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for Christ’s own unique, historical, bodily resurrection at Colossians 1:18 (‘firstborn from the dead’). NEVER पुनर्जन्म. Colossians additionally requires this term be kept strictly separate from the believer’s derivative co-resurrection language at 2:12 and 3:1, which must use the distinct phrase raised_with_christ (ख्रीष्टक संग उठाओल गेल) rather than this reserved word, so as not to imply a second instance of Christ’s own unrepeatable resurrection.

Lord

Approved rendering: प्रभु
Transliteration: prabhu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: स्वामी, मालिक
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for Colossians 1:3, 1:10, 2:6, 3:17, 3:18, 3:23-24, 4:1, 4:7, 4:17. Colossians 3:22-4:1 is a critical boundary-preservation test case: κύριος is also used there for a human household master and must instead be rendered स्वामी (see household_slaves_masters), never प्रभु, keeping Christ’s unique title uncontaminated even where the Greek itself plays on the double sense of κύριος within the same paragraph.

Son Of God

Approved rendering: परमेश्वरक पुत्र
Transliteration: parameśvarak putra
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ईश्वरक अंश, देवपुरुष
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ / υἱός τῆς ἀγάπης αὐτοῦ
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for Colossians 1:13 (‘the Son of his love’) and as the assumed subject of the entire Christ Hymn, 1:15-20. Full phrase required with the Maithili genitive -क, never a Hindi-transplant construction.

Jesus

Approved rendering: यीशु
Transliteration: Yīśu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ईसा
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for Colossians 1:1, 1:4, 3:17, 4:11. Never ईसा.

God

Approved rendering: परमेश्वर
Transliteration: parameśvar
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: भगवान, ईश्वर
Original: θεός
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly throughout Colossians. Never भगवान or ईश्वर.

Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: पवित्र आत्मा
Transliteration: pavitra ātmā
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ब्रह्म, परमात्मा
Original: πνεῦμα
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for Colossians 1:8 (‘love in the Spirit’). Never ब्रह्म or परमात्मा.

Messiah

Approved rendering: मसीह
Transliteration: masīh
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Rejected alternatives: अभिषिक्त पुरुष, अवतारी पुरुष

Inherited from Romans package. Not directly used as running vocabulary in Colossians, which favors the transliterated title ख्रीष्ट (see christ) throughout; retained here to preserve the distinction between मसीह (the specific OT messianic-promise doctrine) and ख्रीष्ट/Χριστός used as Colossians’ pervasive proper-name title, so the two are never confused in teaching material.

Salvation

Approved rendering: उद्धार
Transliteration: uddhār
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: मुक्ति, मोक्ष, छुटकारा

Inherited from Romans package. NEVER मुक्ति or मोक्ष. Reserved as the general doctrinal term for Salvation; referenced at Colossians 1:13-14 as the boundary term that must remain distinct from the new Colossians-specific term delivered_and_redemption (छुटकारा), which names the specific rescue-and-transfer image (domain of darkness to the Son’s kingdom) rather than the general salvation doctrine.

Incarnation

Approved rendering: देहधारण
Transliteration: dehadhāraṇ
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: अवतार, देह प्रकट

Inherited from Romans package. NEVER अवतार. Colossians 2:9 (‘the whole fullness of deity dwells in him bodily’) restates this same doctrine in different vocabulary (see fullness_of_deity, deity_godhead); the देह root is also reused for body_of_christ (1:18, church as Christ’s body) for word-family consistency across the curriculum.

Christ

Approved rendering: ख्रीष्ट
Transliteration: Khrīṣṭ
Doctrine: Christology (General)
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology

New for Colossians. Established North Indian Bible-translation transliteration, distinct from baseline’s मसीह (the specific OT messianic-promise doctrine term). Colossians uses ख्रीष्ट so pervasively (over 25 occurrences) that consistent, non-varying use across the whole book is required for learner recognition; often joined with यीशु as part of the proper name.

Image Of God

Approved rendering: प्रतिरूप
Transliteration: pratirūp
Doctrine: Supremacy of Christ over Creation
Rejected alternatives: मूर्ति
Original: εἰκών
Category: Christology

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:15 (‘image of the invisible God’), reused in a distinct sense at 3:10 (believer renewed in Creator’s image). NEVER मूर्ति, the ordinary word for a worshiped physical idol-image central to regional Vaishnava/Shaiva/Shakta devotion — Christ is God’s own living self-disclosure, not a human-fashioned representation. The two senses (Christ’s unique deity-image at 1:15 vs. the believer’s moral-renewal image at 3:10) must be kept doctrinally separate in teaching notes.

Firstborn

Approved rendering: पहिलौठा
Transliteration: pahilauthā
Doctrine: Supremacy of Christ over Creation
Rejected alternatives: प्रथमजात
Original: πρωτότοκος
Category: Christology

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:15 (‘firstborn of all creation’) and 1:18 (‘firstborn from the dead’). Must be glossed with a mandatory translator note at every occurrence: this names Christ’s supreme rank and inheritance rights over creation, NOT that he is himself a created being — the historic Arian misreading this exact verse is most vulnerable to. Reject प्रथमजात, a Sanskritism that could imply literal first-created status.

Fullness Of Deity

Approved rendering: पूर्णता
Transliteration: pūrṇatā
Doctrine: Fullness of Deity in Christ Bodily
Original: πλήρωμα (τῆς θεότητος)
Category: Christology

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:19, 2:9. THE single highest-stakes lexical choice in the entire book. Collides directly with the widely known Isha Upanishad Shanti Mantra (‘ॐ पूर्णमदः पूर्णमिदम्’), one of the most widely memorized verses across Hindu tradition, describing an impersonal, all-pervading metaphysical fullness (Brahman). No safer alternative word exists — the risk can only be fenced, never eliminated, by a mandatory translator note at every occurrence distinguishing the personal, bodily, exclusive indwelling of God’s own being in the one person of Christ from that impersonal cosmic-totality concept.

Reconcile

Approved rendering: मेल-मिलाप कराएब
Transliteration: mel-milāp karāeb
Doctrine: Reconciliation through the Cross
Original: ἀποκαταλλάσσω
Category: Salvation

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:20, 1:21-22. Cosmic-scope reconciliation (‘all things, whether on earth or in heaven’) achieved exclusively through the cross must not be softened into a vague picture of universal cosmic harmony achievable through devotion or ritual balance (dharma-balance, ṛta).

Deity Godhead

Approved rendering: ईश्वरत्व
Transliteration: īśvaratva
Doctrine: Fullness of Deity in Christ Bodily
Rejected alternatives: देवत्व
Original: θεότης
Category: Christology

New for Colossians. Colossians 2:9 (‘the whole fullness of deity dwells in him bodily’). Consistent with the Romans doctrine registry’s existing coinage ख्रीष्टक ईश्वरत्व. Must be distinguished from देवत्व, which in everyday Maithili religious usage describes the god-like quality shared by any of the region’s many devas; ईश्वरत्व anchors the term to परमेश्वर specifically, preserving monotheistic precision.

Buried With Christ

Approved rendering: संग गाड़ल गेल
Transliteration: saṅg gāṛal gel
Doctrine: Union with Christ (Died and Raised With Him)
Original: συνθάπτω
Category: Union with Christ

New for Colossians. Colossians 2:12. The believer’s union with Christ’s burial, enacted in baptism; concrete burial-image paired with raised_with_christ, foundational to the Union with Christ doctrine.

Raised With Christ

Approved rendering: ख्रीष्टक संग उठाओल गेल
Transliteration: Khrīṣṭak saṅg uṭhāol gel
Doctrine: Union with Christ (Died and Raised With Him)
Rejected alternatives: पुनरुत्थान, पुनर्जन्म
Original: συνεγείρω
Category: Union with Christ

New for Colossians. Colossians 2:12, 3:1. Deliberately uses the ordinary verb ‘raised’ rather than the baseline’s reserved पुनरुत्थान (Christ’s own unique historical bodily resurrection), so as not to imply a second instance of that unrepeatable event, and firmly distinct from the absolutely forbidden पुनर्जन्म (reincarnation), a serious risk given how pervasive rebirth-cycle concepts are in Maithili religious idiom.

Put Off Old Self

Approved rendering: पुरान मनुष्यकेँ त्याग करब
Transliteration: purān manuṣyakẽ tyāg karab
Doctrine: Putting Off the Old Self and Putting On the New
Original: ἀπεκδυσάμενοι τὸν παλαιὸν ἄνθρωπον
Category: Sanctification

New for Colossians. Colossians 3:9. Must convey a decisive, completed act rather than a gradual, effort-based moral self-improvement project resembling accumulated karmic merit or dharmic virtue; the compound phrase (not a single word त्याग alone) carries this decisive, Christ-grounded sense grammatically.

Put On New Self

Approved rendering: नव मनुष्यकेँ धारण करब
Transliteration: nav manuṣyakẽ dhāraṇ karab
Doctrine: Putting Off the Old Self and Putting On the New
Original: ἐνδυσάμενοι τὸν νέον [ἄνθρωπον]
Category: Sanctification

New for Colossians. Colossians 3:10. Paired with put_off_old_self. Its qualifying clause ‘renewed… according to the image of its Creator’ reuses the image_of_god analysis, but in the distinct sense of moral renewal, not Christ’s unique deity-revealing image at 1:15 — the two senses must not be conflated in teaching.

Christ All In All

Approved rendering: ख्रीष्ट सभ किछु अछि आ सभमे अछि
Transliteration: Khrīṣṭ sabh kichu achi ā sabhme achi
Doctrine: Unity of Jew and Gentile (No Distinction)
Original: τὰ πάντα καὶ ἐν πᾶσιν Χριστός
Category: Christology

New for Colossians. Colossians 3:11. High risk of pantheistic misreading resembling Advaita Vedanta’s ‘sarvam khalv idam brahma’ (‘all this, verily, is Brahman’). Christ is a personal, exalted Lord supreme over every category and personally indwelling every believer — not an impersonal, undifferentiated divine essence pervading all reality equally. Mandatory translator note required at every occurrence.

No Distinction List

Approved rendering: यूनानी, यहूदी, खतनाकएल, बिनु खतनाक, बर्बर, सिकिथियन, दास, स्वतंत्र
Transliteration: Yūnānī, Yahūdī, khatnākael, binu khatnāk, barbar, Sikithiyan, dās, svatantra
Doctrine: Unity of Jew and Gentile (No Distinction)
Original: Ἕλλην καὶ Ἰουδαῖος, περιτομὴ καὶ ἀκροβυστία, βάρβαρος, Σκύθης, δοῦλος, ἐλεύθερος
Category: Church

New for Colossians. Colossians 3:11. Extends the Romans baseline’s Critical Unity of Jews and Gentiles / Universal Scope of the Gospel doctrine directly against Mithila’s Panjikaran caste-lineage verification system; must be rendered with full, unqualified force — no social, ethnic, ritual, or lineage category retains spiritual significance in the new creation in Christ.

Mystery Of Christ

Approved rendering: रहस्य
Transliteration: rahasya
Doctrine: Mystery of Christ Revealed
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Revelation

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:26-27, 2:2, 4:3. Extremely high collision risk: रहस्य is also the standard word for esoteric Tantric/Shakta ‘secret’ teachings transmitted only to initiated adepts, a live tradition in Mithila (e.g. the Ugratara shrine). Paul’s point is the opposite — this mystery, once hidden, is now openly proclaimed to everyone, not restricted to an initiated elite. Mandatory translator note reversing this polarity is required at every occurrence.

Elemental Spirits

Approved rendering: संसारक आदितत्त्व
Transliteration: saṃsārak āditattva
Doctrine: Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism
Original: στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου
Category: False Teaching

New for Colossians. Colossians 2:8, 2:20. Extremely high collision risk with the Hindu पञ्चतत्त्व (five-elements) cosmology and with astrological elemental/planetary spirit-forces (jyotiṣa), both deeply embedded in everyday Maithili religious practice (e.g. element-based ritual timing). Must be clearly glossed as the defeated, false spiritual powers of 2:15, not a neutral physical cosmology.

Worship Of Angels

Approved rendering: स्वर्गदूतक पूजा
Transliteration: svargadūtak pūjā
Doctrine: Warning against Worship of Intermediary Beings
Original: θρησκεία τῶν ἀγγέλων
Category: False Teaching

New for Colossians. Colossians 2:18. Extremely sensitive: पूजा is the precise, ordinary word for ritual worship offered to a deity/spirit intermediary in regional practice (gram devta, kul devta, and broader devotional puja traditions). The verse condemns exactly this pattern of devotion directed at any created being rather than Christ alone; translator notes must make the condemnation, not endorsement, unmistakable.

False Humility Self Made Religion

Approved rendering: झूठ नम्रता / स्वनिर्मित उपासना
Transliteration: jhūṭh namratā / svanirmit upāsanā
Doctrine: Asceticism and Self-Made Religion
Original: ταπεινοφροσύνη (neg.) / ἐθελοθρησκία
Category: False Teaching

New for Colossians. Colossians 2:18, 2:23. Direct collision with the Separation unto God’s Service doctrine already flagged Critical in the Romans baseline: Mithila’s Shaiva/Vaishnava math (monastic) institutions embody precisely the ascetic, self-devised religious-discipline model Paul condemns here as spiritually worthless.

Fill Up What Is Lacking

Approved rendering: अधूरापन पूर्ण करब
Transliteration: adhūrāpan pūrṇa karab
Doctrine: Sufficiency of Christ’s Atonement
Original: ἀνταναπληρόω τὰ ὑστερήματα τῶν θλίψεων τοῦ Χριστοῦ
Category: Atonement

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:24. Mandatory translator note required at every occurrence: refers to Paul’s/the church’s appointed share of gospel-mission suffering, NOT any insufficiency in Christ’s finished, cosmic-scope atoning death already declared complete at 1:20. Mistranslation risks directly contradicting the sufficiency of the atonement.

Household Wives Husbands

Approved rendering: अधीन होयब (रहब) / प्रेम करब
Transliteration: adhīn hoyab (rahab) / prem karab
Doctrine: Household Codes
Rejected alternatives: सतीत्वपूर्ण समर्पण
Original: ὑποτάσσεσθε τοῖς ἀνδράσιν / ἀγαπᾶτε τὰς γυναῖκας
Category: Household Codes

New for Colossians. Colossians 3:18-19. Extremely high risk of collision with the culturally cherished सती/सतीत्व wifely-submission-as-virtue ideal embodied by Sita, already explicitly rejected in the Romans baseline for righteousness and saints. Must be rendered as a mutual, Christ-patterned household ethic — paired with the husband’s sacrificial-love command and the qualifier ‘as is fitting in the Lord’ — never as endorsement of the region’s own wifely self-effacement ideal as a moral-merit model.

Household Slaves Masters

Approved rendering: दास … आज्ञा मानब / स्वामी … न्याय आ समानता
Transliteration: dās … ājñā mānab / svāmī … nyāy ā samāntā
Doctrine: Household Codes
Rejected alternatives: प्रभु (rejected for human master)
Original: δοῦλοι, ὑπακούετε … κύριοι, τὸ δίκαιον καὶ τὴν ἰσότητα
Category: Household Codes

New for Colossians. Colossians 3:22-4:1. High risk given the Panjikaran caste-lineage system and historic jajmani/bonded-labor social structures in Mithila; a translator note must clarify this addresses the Roman household-slavery institution of the first century, not endorse any caste-based servitude structure. κύριος here (‘master’) must be rendered स्वामी, NOT प्रभु (reserved for Christ, see lord), since the passage itself plays on the double sense of κύριος (earthly master vs. heavenly Master, 4:1) within the same short passage.

Idolatry Of Covetousness

Approved rendering: मूर्तिपूजा
Transliteration: mūrtipūjā
Doctrine: Idolatry of Covetousness
Original: πλεονεξία, ἥτις ἐστὶν εἰδωλολατρία
Category: Sin

New for Colossians. Colossians 3:5 (‘covetousness, which is idolatry’). Paul’s identification of greed as मूर्तिपूजा lands with unusual force in Mithila, where image-worship (murti puja) is the widespread, sincerely devout regional practice. Must be rendered with full doctrinal clarity — greed genuinely is a form of idolatry, misplaced ultimate devotion — while translator notes anticipate real pastoral sensitivity in this cultural setting.

High Risk Terms

Gospel

Approved rendering: सुसमाचार
Transliteration: susamācār
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: नीक खबर, शुभ सन्देश
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for Colossians 1:5, 1:23, 4:3. The gospel is described as already bearing fruit and growing throughout the whole world (1:6) and as Paul’s specific entrusted stewardship (1:23, 25) and ongoing mission even from prison (4:3); the term’s universal, non-parochial, weighty proclaimed-message force from the Romans package must be retained unchanged.

Grace

Approved rendering: अनुग्रह
Transliteration: anugraha
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: कृपा, दया, पुण्य, कर्मफल, भाग
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for Colossians 1:2, 1:6, 3:16, 4:6. Colossians 3:13’s verb χαρίζομαι (forgiving) shares this root; the mutual-forgiveness rendering (see bearing_with_and_forgiving) should visibly echo अनुग्रह rather than use an unrelated pardon word, so that believers’ forgiveness of one another is understood as grace enacted, not a merely social peace-keeping gesture.

Faith

Approved rendering: विश्वास
Transliteration: biswas
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: श्रद्धा, भक्ति
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for Colossians 1:4, 1:23, 2:5, 2:7, 2:12. Colossians 2:12 ties faith directly to union with Christ’s death/resurrection in baptism; विश्वास must not be softened toward general भक्ति-style devotional reverence at any occurrence.

Holy

Approved rendering: पवित्र
Transliteration: pavitra
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: शुद्ध, निर्मल
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for Colossians 1:22, 3:12. Never शुद्ध, which leans toward ritual purity and risks entanglement with Panjikaran lineage-purity concerns.

Saints

Approved rendering: पवित्र जन
Transliteration: pavitra jan
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: संत, सती
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for Colossians 1:2, 1:4, 1:12, 1:26. Never संत (ascetic holy man) or सती (Sita-modeled wifely-virtue exemplar); पवित्र जन applies corporately to all believers, including at 1:12’s ‘inheritance of the saints’ (see inheritance_of_the_saints).

Sin

Approved rendering: पाप
Transliteration: pāp
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: अधर्म, अशुद्धता
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for Colossians 1:14 (‘forgiveness of sins,’ see forgiveness_of_sins), 2:11, 2:13. Distinguished from the narrower παράπτωμα (‘trespass,’ rendered अपराध; see dead_in_trespasses) at 2:13, which names a specific wrongful act rather than the broader condition.

Glory

Approved rendering: महिमा
Transliteration: mahimā
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: तेज, ज्योति
Original: δόξα
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for Colossians 1:11, 1:27 (‘Christ in you, the hope of glory,’ see hope), and 3:4 (‘you also will appear with him in glory,’ see christ_will_appear). Avoid light-imagery terms conflating with Puranic divine-luster narrative.

Power Of God

Approved rendering: परमेश्वरक सामर्थ्य
Transliteration: parameśvarak sāmarthya
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: शक्ति, बल

Inherited from Romans package. The root सामर्थ्य is reused at Colossians 1:11 (‘strengthened with all power/सामर्थ्य,’ see power_of_god_strengthened) for Spirit-given empowerment for endurance. Never शक्ति, which carries strong Shakta-goddess associations in a region with active Durga/Kali worship traditions.

Law

Approved rendering: व्यवस्था
Transliteration: byavasthā
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: धर्म, नियम

Inherited from Romans package. Reserved exclusively for the Mosaic Law/Torah itself; referenced at Colossians 2:14, 20 as the boundary term that must be kept conceptually distinct from the new Colossians-specific term legal_demands (नियमसभ), which names the specific written legal claims recorded against the sinner, not the Law as covenant document per se. NEVER धर्म.

Adoption

Approved rendering: पुत्रत्व प्रदान
Transliteration: putratva pradān
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: गोद लेब

Inherited from Romans package. Not directly re-used as running vocabulary in Colossians, but its inheritance-rights emphasis is directly extended at Colossians 1:12 by the new term inheritance_of_the_saints (विरासत); reviewers must retain full inheritance-rights force there, not a lesser or partial share, consistent with this baseline doctrine.

Obedience Of Faith

Approved rendering: विश्वासक आज्ञाकारिता
Transliteration: biswasak ājñākāritā
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Rejected alternatives: धार्मिक कर्तव्य पालन

Inherited from Romans package. The आज्ञाकारिता root is reused at Colossians 3:20 (household_children_fathers, आज्ञा मानब, ‘children obey your parents… for this pleases the Lord’) for consistency; obedience flowing from pleasing the Lord, not duty-bound household compliance.

Cosmic Powers

Approved rendering: सिंहासन, प्रभुत्व, प्रधानता, अधिकार
Transliteration: siṃhāsan, prabhutva, pradhānatā, adhikār
Doctrine: Christ’s Victory over Spiritual Powers
Original: θρόνοι, κυριότητες, ἀρχαί, ἐξουσίαι
Category: Christology

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:16, 2:10, 2:15. High risk of syncretism with the populated hierarchy of gram devta (village deities), kul devta (lineage deities), and intermediary spirit-beings that structures everyday Maithili devotional life; must always be framed as Christ’s own creatures, subordinate and (at 2:15) decisively defeated, never as parallel powers requiring separate devotion or appeasement.

Before All Things

Approved rendering: सभसँ पहिने
Transliteration: sabhsã̃ pahine
Doctrine: Supremacy of Christ over Creation
Original: πρὸ πάντων
Category: Christology

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:17. Must convey eternal, not merely chronological/‘oldest,’ priority, reinforcing the same caution required at firstborn — Christ is not simply the earliest entity within creation’s own timeline but its eternal, pre-existing ground.

Sustainer

Approved rendering: संग थमल रहब
Transliteration: saṅg thamal rahab
Doctrine: Supremacy of Christ over Creation
Original: συνίστημι
Category: Christology

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:17 (‘in him all things hold together’). Must remain personal — Christ actively, sovereignly sustaining — and must not be flattened into an impersonal cosmic-substrate concept echoing Vedantic Brahman-as-ground-of-being, a live risk given the region’s philosophical familiarity with impersonal-absolute categories.

Head

Approved rendering: शीर्ष
Transliteration: śīrṣa
Doctrine: Christ as Head of the Church
Original: κεφαλή
Category: Church

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:18, 2:10, 2:19. This word-family recurs conceptually in the Household Codes section (3:18ff, husband/wife) even though κεφαλή itself is not repeated there; reviewers must keep Christ’s unique cosmic and ecclesial headship doctrinally distinct from any culturally loaded domestic-hierarchy reading, so that one does not quietly reinterpret the other.

Body Of Christ

Approved rendering: देह
Transliteration: deha
Doctrine: Christ as Head of the Church
Rejected alternatives: शरीर
Original: σῶμα
Category: Church

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:18, 1:24, 2:19, 3:15. Reuses the देह root already present in baseline देहधारण (incarnation) for word-family consistency. Distinct from σῶμα’s other sense at 2:17 (‘substance,’ see shadow_and_substance) and from शरीर, reserved for literal physical flesh.

Preeminent

Approved rendering: सर्वोपरि
Transliteration: sarvopari
Doctrine: Christ as Head of the Church
Original: πρωτεύων
Category: Christology

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:18. Completes the supremacy claim begun at v.15; pairs directly with firstborn and must not be diluted to mere relative prominence among other honored figures.

Dwell

Approved rendering: वास करब
Transliteration: vās karab
Doctrine: Fullness of Deity in Christ Bodily
Original: κατοικέω
Category: Christology

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:19. Must convey permanent residence, not episodic or temporary divine manifestation — a live risk given Mithila’s Ram/Krishna avatar-descent narratives, in which a deity’s presence in human form is itself temporary and repeatable.

Blood Of The Cross

Approved rendering: लहू
Transliteration: lahū
Doctrine: Reconciliation through the Cross
Rejected alternatives: खून
Original: αἷμα (τοῦ σταυροῦ)
Category: Atonement

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:20. Preferred over the more clinical खून. Requires care given Mithila’s active Shakta tradition (e.g. the regionally significant Ugratara shrine) of literal blood sacrifice offered to a goddess to secure her favor; Christ’s blood must be framed as God’s own self-giving atoning sacrifice offered by God himself, categorically distinct from a supplicant’s blood-offering made to appease or petition a deity — the direction of the gift (God to humanity) must be kept unmistakable.

Certificate Of Debt

Approved rendering: ऋणपत्र
Transliteration: ṛṇapatra
Doctrine: Sufficiency of Christ’s Atonement
Original: χειρόγραφον
Category: Atonement

New for Colossians. Colossians 2:14. A vivid legal-financial atonement image — the debt-record against us, with its legal demands, cancelled and nailed to the cross. Must be rendered so this specific legal-financial force is clear, not merely a vague ‘sin was removed.’ No native ritual-debt analogue exists, since regional karmic debt is ‘worked off,’ never ‘cancelled.‘

Disarmed And Triumphed

Approved rendering: निरस्त्र कएल / विजय पताका फहराएल
Transliteration: nirastra kael / vijay patākā phaharāel
Doctrine: Christ’s Victory over Spiritual Powers
Original: ἀπεκδυσάμενος … θριαμβεύσας
Category: Christology

New for Colossians. Colossians 2:15. Directly resolves the cosmic_powers tension raised at 1:16: the same ranked spiritual powers Christ created are here shown decisively defeated and publicly humiliated, an important corrective against treating these powers as still-live rivals requiring separate appeasement in the regional gram devta/kul devta hierarchy. Constructed compound image, not a borrowed cultural one; requires explanatory framing since Mithila’s own martial/royal narrative tradition has no local equivalent to a Roman-style public triumph-parade of defeated captives.

Philosophy

Approved rendering: दर्शनशास्त्र
Transliteration: darśanśāstra
Doctrine: Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism
Original: φιλοσοφία
Category: False Teaching

New for Colossians. Colossians 2:8. Risk of being heard as merely a seventh ‘darśana’ alongside the six classical Hindu philosophical schools (Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Samkhya, Yoga, Mimamsa, Vedanta); translator note must make clear Paul condemns this specific hollow, deceptive teaching, not philosophical reflection or the darśana tradition as a category.

Spiritual Circumcision

Approved rendering: बिना हाथेक खतना
Transliteration: binā hāthek khatnā
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holy Living
Original: περιτομὴ τοῦ Χριστοῦ
Category: Sanctification

New for Colossians. Colossians 2:11 (‘circumcision of Christ,’ ‘made without hands’). Must convey inward spiritual transformation, not a summons to the literal rite (see circumcision_literal).

Festival New Moon Sabbath

Approved rendering: पर्व, नवचन्द्र, विश्रामदिन
Transliteration: parva, navacandra, viśrāmdin
Doctrine: Legalism and Ritual Observance
Original: ἑορτή, νεομηνία, σάββατον
Category: Law

New for Colossians. Colossians 2:16. Carries acute cultural resonance given the centrality of lunar tithi-based ritual timing (amāvasyā, pūrṇimā observances, festival calendars such as Chhath) in regional religious life; must be framed strictly as a warning against legalistic judgment over calendar observance, not as a blanket dismissal of all religious calendars and festivals.

Dwelling On Visions

Approved rendering: देखल दर्शनमे प्रवेश करब
Transliteration: dekhal darśanme praveś karab
Doctrine: Asceticism and Self-Made Religion
Original: ἐμβατεύων ἃ ἑόρακεν
Category: False Teaching

New for Colossians. Colossians 2:18. Risk of resonance with regional mystical/visionary ‘darshan’ experience traditions; must be framed as false spiritual pride, not a model of authentic spiritual experience.

Severity To Body

Approved rendering: देहक प्रति कठोरता
Transliteration: dehak prati kaṭhortā
Doctrine: Asceticism and Self-Made Religion
Original: ἀφειδία σώματος
Category: False Teaching

New for Colossians. Colossians 2:23. Must clearly convey the text’s verdict that such ascetic self-denial has no real spiritual value, despite the regional prestige of tapasyā; the doctrine’s sharpest and most culturally sensitive statement, not to be softened out of deference to that prestige.

Perfect Mature

Approved rendering: पूर्ण / परिपक्व
Transliteration: pūrṇa / paripakva
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holy Living
Rejected alternatives: सिद्ध
Original: τέλειος
Category: Sanctification

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:28. Explicitly reject सिद्ध: in regional yogic and tantric tradition a siddha is a perfected adept who has attained supernatural powers through spiritual discipline — an achieved-attainment model precisely opposite to Spirit-given maturity in Christ.

Love

Approved rendering: प्रेम
Transliteration: prem
Doctrine: Love as the Bond of Unity
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Christian Ethics

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:4, 1:8, 3:14, 3:19. Risk of importing the romantic-devotional register of Vidyapati’s celebrated Maithili Radha-Krishna love poetry, the region’s most prized literary-devotional tradition, already flagged in the Romans baseline for भक्ति; must be anchored as committed, self-giving, non-erotic love, especially in ‘love for the saints’ (1:4) and household contexts (3:19). Requires mandatory translator note at first occurrence.

Full Knowledge

Approved rendering: पूर्ण ज्ञान
Transliteration: pūrṇa jñān
Doctrine: Knowledge of God’s Will
Original: ἐπίγνωσις
Category: Sanctification

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:9-10, 1:28, 2:2-3. Must be distinguished from Hindu jñāna-mārga (the path of gnosis/enlightenment toward liberation from rebirth); this is relational knowledge of God’s will through Christ, not a liberating gnosis attained by contemplative ascent.

Delivered And Redemption

Approved rendering: छुटकारा
Transliteration: chuṭkārā
Doctrine: Redemption and Rescue from the Domain of Darkness
Original: ῥύομαι / ἀπολύτρωσις
Category: Salvation

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:13-14. Per the Romans baseline’s explicit allowance of this word for redemption/rescue-narrative contexts, distinct from उद्धार (reserved for the general doctrine of Salvation, see salvation). Fitting here as a concrete rescue-and-transfer image (domain of darkness to the Son’s kingdom), not a generic salvation formula.

Blameless Irreproachable

Approved rendering: निर्दोष, निष्कलंक
Transliteration: nirdoṣ, niṣkalaṅk
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holy Living
Original: ἄμωμος καὶ ἀνέγκλητος
Category: Sanctification

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:22. निष्कलंक risks regional association with a woman’s chastity-honor, adjacent to the सतीत्व concept already rejected in the Romans baseline for righteousness and sainthood; must be clarified as forensic/moral standing for all believers, not a gendered purity category.

Stewardship

Approved rendering: प्रबन्ध / भण्डारीपन
Transliteration: prabandh / bhaṇḍārīpan
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Original: οἰκονομία
Category: Church

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:25. Names Paul’s entrusted gospel-ministry commission, not a merely bureaucratic or administrative role.

Bearing With And Forgiving

Approved rendering: सहन करब / अनुग्रहपूर्वक क्षमा करब
Transliteration: sahan karab / anugrahapūrvak kṣamā karab
Doctrine: Grace and Mutual Forgiveness among Believers
Original: ἀνεχόμενοι … χαριζόμενοι
Category: Christian Ethics

New for Colossians. Colossians 3:13. χαρίζομαι shares its root with χάρις (grace, baseline अनुग्रह); rendering should visibly echo अनुग्रह — mutual forgiveness here is grace enacted between believers, distinct from the karma-merit reciprocity logic embedded in regional social exchange.

Bond Of Perfection

Approved rendering: पूर्णताक बन्धन
Transliteration: pūrṇatāk bandhan
Doctrine: Love as the Bond of Unity
Rejected alternatives: सिद्धताक बन्धन
Original: σύνδεσμος τῆς τελειότητος
Category: Christian Ethics

New for Colossians. Colossians 3:14. Love as the unifying bond of all virtues; avoid any सिद्ध-adjacent phrasing consistent with the perfect_mature caution.

Household Children Fathers

Approved rendering: आज्ञा मानब / निराश नहि करू
Transliteration: ājñā mānab / nirāś nahi karū
Doctrine: Household Codes
Original: ὑπακούετε τοῖς γονεῦσιν / μὴ ἐρεθίζετε τὰ τέκνα
Category: Household Codes

New for Colossians. Colossians 3:20-21. आज्ञा मानब reuses the आज्ञाकारिता root from the baseline’s obedience_of_faith term for consistency across the curriculum.

Put To Death Earthly Members

Approved rendering: मृत करू
Transliteration: mṛt karū
Doctrine: Putting Off the Old Self and Putting On the New
Original: νεκρώσατε τὰ μέλη
Category: Sanctification

New for Colossians. Colossians 3:5. A decisive, violent-metaphor command introducing the vice list; must not be softened into gradual moral effort disconnected from union with Christ’s death (3:3).

Inheritance Of The Saints

Approved rendering: विरासत
Transliteration: virāsat
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: κληρονομία τῶν ἁγίων
Category: Adoption

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:12, paired with the reused baseline पवित्र जन (saints). Ties directly to the Adoption doctrine’s inheritance-rights emphasis already flagged in the Romans baseline; must retain full inheritance-rights force, not a lesser or partial share.

Domain Of Darkness

Approved rendering: अन्हारक अधिकार
Transliteration: anhārak adhikār
Doctrine: Redemption and Rescue from the Domain of Darkness
Original: ἐξουσία τοῦ σκότους
Category: Salvation

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:13. Parallels the cosmic_powers list at 1:16 — same syncretism risk with regional spirit-hierarchy concepts; must be framed as a defeated realm, not a still-operative rival power requiring appeasement.

Kingdom Of The Beloved Son

Approved rendering: प्रिय पुत्रक राज्य
Transliteration: priya putrak rājya
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ υἱοῦ τῆς ἀγάπης αὐτοῦ
Category: Kingdom

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:13. Builds on baseline’s परमेश्वरक राज्य (kingdom_of_god). Same political-kingdom sensitivity already flagged in the Romans baseline (Mithila’s own Raja Janak royal-kingdom identity) applies here, intensified by the direct identification of the kingdom with a person.

Power Of God Strengthened

Approved rendering: सामर्थ्य
Transliteration: sāmarthya
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: शक्ति
Original: δυναμούμενοι ἐν πάσῃ δυνάμει
Category: God

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:11 (‘strengthened with all power’). Must use सामर्थ्य per the baseline’s power_of_god convention, never शक्ति, which carries strong Shakta-goddess associations in a region with active Durga/Kali worship traditions.

Medium Risk Terms

Peace

Approved rendering: शान्ति
Transliteration: śānti
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: चैन, सुख
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for Colossians 1:2, 1:20, 3:15. At 1:20 this is cosmic-scope reconciled peace achieved through the cross alone (see reconcile), not domestic-harmony imagery drawn from the regionally celebrated Sita-Ram household ideal; at 3:15 it functions as the deciding ‘umpire’ of community life (see peace_as_umpire).

Church

Approved rendering: मण्डली
Transliteration: maṇḍalī
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: मन्दिर, मठ
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for Colossians 1:18, 1:24 (universal church) and 4:15-16 (house-based local congregation, see church_in_the_house). Never मन्दिर (Hindu temple) or मठ (monastic institution).

Kingdom Of God

Approved rendering: परमेश्वरक राज्य
Transliteration: parameśvarak rājya
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Rejected alternatives: ईश्वरक राष्ट्र
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom

Inherited from Romans package. Base phrase referenced at Colossians 1:13, extended there into the Colossians-specific compound kingdom_of_the_beloved_son (प्रिय पुत्रक राज्य), which directly identifies God’s reign with the Son himself — an intensification of the sensitivity already flagged in the Romans baseline given Mithila’s own Raja Janak royal-kingdom identity.

Apostle

Approved rendering: प्रेरित
Transliteration: prerit
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: दूत, पंडित
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for Colossians 1:1, underlying the letter’s opening claim to authority. Never पंडित, the Maithil Brahmin custodian of Panjikaran lineage records.

Spiritual Gifts

Approved rendering: आत्मिक वरदान
Transliteration: ātmik varadān
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Rejected alternatives: वरदान, सिद्धि

Inherited from Romans package. The आत्मिक root is reused at Colossians 1:9 (wisdom_and_understanding_spiritual) and 3:16 (‘spiritual songs’); वरदान alone is never used unpaired, consistent with baseline’s requirement that आत्मिक always mark Spirit-given rather than merit-earned or bargained-for gifting.

Creation

Approved rendering: सृष्टि
Transliteration: sṛṣṭi
Doctrine: Supremacy of Christ over Creation
Original: κτίσις
Category: Christology

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:15, 16, 23. First occurrence must explicitly anchor सृष्टि to परमेश्वर as sole Creator, since the word alone could otherwise evoke Puranic creation-narratives (e.g. Brahma as creator-figure) if left unglossed.

Cross

Approved rendering: क्रूस
Transliteration: krūs
Doctrine: Reconciliation through the Cross
Rejected alternatives: काठ, लकड़ी
Original: σταυρός
Category: Atonement

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:20, 2:14. Established North Indian Bible-translation transliteration; retain rather than translating literally as ‘wooden post,’ which would lose its specific atonement associations built up across the wider NT curriculum.

Dead In Trespasses

Approved rendering: अपराधमे मृत
Transliteration: aparādhme mṛt
Doctrine: Union with Christ (Died and Raised With Him)
Original: νεκρός τοῖς παραπτώμασιν
Category: Sin

New for Colossians. Colossians 2:13. παράπτωμα (‘trespass,’ rendered अपराध) is a specific wrongful act, distinguished from the broader baseline term पाप (sin).

Legal Demands

Approved rendering: नियमसभ
Transliteration: niyam sabh
Doctrine: Legalism and Ritual Observance
Rejected alternatives: व्यवस्था
Original: δόγματα
Category: Covenant

New for Colossians. Colossians 2:14, 2:20. Conceptually adjacent to, but not identical with, the baseline’s reserved व्यवस्था (the Mosaic Law itself, see law); this word names the specific legal claims recorded against the sinner, now cancelled.

Circumcision Literal

Approved rendering: खतना
Transliteration: khatnā
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: περιτομή
Category: Covenant

New for Colossians. Colossians 2:11, 3:11 (background reference within no_distinction_list). Standard, already-established regional term for the literal Jewish rite (also familiar via the region’s Muslim community); no transliteration or new coinage needed.

Baptism

Approved rendering: बपतिस्मा
Transliteration: baptismā
Doctrine: Union with Christ (Died and Raised With Him)
Rejected alternatives: स्नान
Original: βάπτισμα
Category: Union with Christ

New for Colossians. Colossians 2:12. Established North Indian transliteration; distinct from Hindu ritual bathing (स्नान) at sacred rivers/tanks, which carries a different, purificatory-merit logic. स्नान is explicitly rejected as a rendering.

Shadow And Substance

Approved rendering: छाया / वास्तविकता
Transliteration: chāyā / vāstaviktā
Doctrine: Legalism and Ritual Observance
Original: σκιά … τὸ σῶμα
Category: Fulfillment of Prophecy

New for Colossians. Colossians 2:17. σῶμα is used here in its ‘substance/reality’ sense, distinct from its ‘body (of Christ)’ sense at 1:18/24 (see body_of_christ).

Hope

Approved rendering: आशा
Transliteration: āśā
Doctrine: Hope of Glory
Original: ἐλπίς
Category: Eschatology

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:5, 1:23, 1:27. Must convey confident biblical expectation, not the more fatalistic everyday Maithili sense of ‘hoping for luck’ associated with प्रारब्ध-adjacent idiom.

Forgiveness Of Sins

Approved rendering: क्षमा
Transliteration: kṣamā
Doctrine: Redemption and Rescue from the Domain of Darkness
Original: ἄφεσις τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν
Category: Sin

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:14. क्षमा is the plain, non-forensic word for pardon, distinct from the Critical forensic compound धर्मी घोषित कएल जाएब (justification, Romans baseline) — must not be conflated with that term.

Peace As Umpire

Approved rendering: शासन करय / निर्णायक बनय
Transliteration: śāsan karay / nirṇāyak banay
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη τοῦ Χριστοῦ βραβευέτω
Category: Peace with God

New for Colossians. Colossians 3:15 (‘let the peace of Christ rule/umpire in your hearts’). Athletic-arbiter metaphor; reuses baseline शान्ति as the noun root, functionally rendered.

Wrath Of God

Approved rendering: परमेश्वरक क्रोध
Transliteration: parameśvarak krodh
Doctrine: Idolatry of Covetousness
Original: ὀργὴ τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Judgment

New for Colossians. Colossians 3:6. Standard rendering; must remain a personal, righteous judicial response to sin, not an impersonal karmic consequence.

Hidden With Christ In God

Approved rendering: परमेश्वरमे ख्रीष्टक संग लुकाओल
Transliteration: parameśvarme Khrīṣṭak saṅg lukāol
Doctrine: Assurance of Life Hidden in Christ
Original: κέκρυπται σὺν τῷ Χριστῷ ἐν τῷ θεῷ
Category: Union with Christ

New for Colossians. Colossians 3:3. Assurance here rests on secure union with Christ, not on karmic or fate-based uncertainty (प्रारब्ध) about one’s future standing.

Christ Will Appear

Approved rendering: प्रकट होयब
Transliteration: prakaṭ hoyab
Doctrine: Hope of Glory
Original: φανερωθῇ
Category: Eschatology

New for Colossians. Colossians 3:4. Standard second-coming vocabulary, consistent with baseline eschatological handling.

Wisdom And Understanding Spiritual

Approved rendering: आत्मिक बुद्धि आ समझ
Transliteration: ātmik buddhi ā samajh
Doctrine: Knowledge of God’s Will
Original: σοφία καὶ σύνεσις πνευματική
Category: Sanctification

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:9. Reuses आत्मिक root from baseline’s आत्मिक वरदान (spiritual gifts) for word-family consistency; Spirit-given practical and intellectual discernment of God’s will.

Low Risk Terms

Thanksgiving

Approved rendering: धन्यवाद
Transliteration: dhanyavād
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package. Reused exactly for Colossians 1:3, 1:12, 3:15, 3:17, 4:2. Standard term; no significant doctrinal risk.

Invisible

Approved rendering: अदृश्य
Transliteration: adṛśya
Doctrine: Supremacy of Christ over Creation
Original: ἀόρατος
Category: God

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:15, 16. Standard, low-risk term for God’s essential nature, beyond ordinary human sight.

Beginning

Approved rendering: आरम्भ
Transliteration: ārambh
Doctrine: Christ as Head of the Church
Original: ἀρχή
Category: Christology

New for Colossians. Colossians 1:18. Christ as originating source of the new-creation order. Standard, low-risk term.

Open Door For The Word

Approved rendering: वचनक द्वार
Transliteration: vacanak dvār
Doctrine: Prayer and Gospel Proclamation
Original: θύρα τοῦ λόγου
Category: Mission

New for Colossians. Colossians 4:3. Standard gospel-opportunity metaphor.

Walk In Wisdom

Approved rendering: बुद्धिमानीपूर्ण आचरण
Transliteration: buddhimānīpūrṇa ācaraṇ
Doctrine: Prayer and Gospel Proclamation
Original: ἐν σοφίᾳ περιπατεῖτε πρὸς τοὺς ἔξω
Category: Christian Ethics

New for Colossians. Colossians 4:5. Prudent, winsome public conduct toward non-believers; not strategic accommodation.

Speech Seasoned With Salt

Approved rendering: बुद्धिमानीपूर्ण आ कृपापूर्ण वचन
Transliteration: buddhimānīpūrṇa ā kṛpāpūrṇa vacan
Doctrine: Prayer and Gospel Proclamation
Rejected alternatives: literal salt-image
Original: ἅλατι ἠρτυμένος
Category: Christian Ethics

New for Colossians. Colossians 4:6. Idiom; render by meaning per idiom-handling rules rather than a literal salt-image, unless a natural Maithili equivalent is confirmed in Phase 2 review.

Fellow Servant And Minister

Approved rendering: सहदास / सेवक
Transliteration: sahadās / sevak
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Original: σύνδουλος / διάκονος
Category: Church

New for Colossians. Colossians 4:7, 4:12, 4:17. Ministry-partnership terms; distinct from प्रेरित (apostle, a commissioned office).

Church In The House

Approved rendering: घरक मण्डली
Transliteration: gharak maṇḍalī
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Original: ἐκκλησία κατ᾽ οἶκον
Category: Church

New for Colossians. Colossians 4:15. Reuses baseline मण्डली exactly; a house-based local congregation.

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