Core Glossary
08 — Core Glossary: 2 Timothy (English → Konkani)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md, covering all four chapters of 2 Timothy. Per the hard rule of this pipeline, any term already present in the Romans-curriculum translation_memory.json is reused exactly and is marked accordingly. All other terms are newly proposed for this curriculum and carry a risk tier and rationale, ready for Phase 2 loading into an updated translation_memory.json (version increment required — see closing note).
Risk tiers follow the baseline’s doctrine_risk_registry.json definitions: Critical (human theologian review, every occurrence), High (human theologian review), Medium (native speaker review), Low (automated review sufficient).
Section A — Baseline Terms Reused Exactly (from Romans translation_memory.json)
| English term | Konkani (reused exactly) | Risk (baseline) | 2 Timothy occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|
| gospel | सुवार्ता (suvārtā) | High | 1:8, 1:10, 2:8, 4:5 |
| grace | कृपा (kṛpā) | High | 1:2, 1:9, 2:1, 4:22 |
| faith | विश्वास (viśvās) | High | 1:5, 1:13, 2:22, 3:8, 3:10, 3:15, 4:7 |
| righteousness | नीतिमत्ता (nītimattā) | Critical | 2:22, 3:16, 4:8 |
| salvation | तारण (tāraṇ) | Critical | 1:9, 2:10, 3:15, 4:18 |
| apostle | प्रेषित (preṣit) | Medium | 1:1, 1:11 |
| called / calling | बोलावलेले / बोलावणें (bolāvlele / bolāvaṇẽ) | High | 1:9 |
| holy | पवित्र (pavitra) | High | 1:9, 1:14 (Spirit), 3:15 (implied, sacred writings) |
| sanctification (root, “sanctified”) | पवित्रीकरण (pavitrīkaraṇ) | High | 2:21 |
| resurrection | पुनरुत्थान (punaruthān) | Critical | 2:8, 2:18 (as a corrupted false-teaching claim — see risk note below) |
| lord | प्रभू (prabhū) | Critical | 1:2, 1:8, 1:16, 1:18, 2:7, 2:19, 2:22, 2:24, 4:8, 4:14, 4:17, 4:18, 4:22 |
| peace | शांती (śāntī) | Medium | 1:2, 2:22 |
| spiritual gifts | आत्मिक वरदान (ātmik varadān) | Medium | 1:6 |
| church (implied, “household of God” context) | मंडळी (maṇḍaḷī) | Medium | contextual (2:20–21 household-of-God metaphor) |
| kingdom of God | देवाचें राज्य (devāce rājya) | Medium | 4:1, 4:18 |
| gentiles | परराष्ट्रीय (pararāṣṭrīya) | Medium | 4:17 |
| seed of David | दावीदाच्या वंशांतलो (dāvīdācyā vanśāntlo) | High | 2:8 |
| david | दावीद (dāvīd) | Medium | 2:8 |
| jesus | येशू (yeśū) | Critical | throughout |
| god | देव (dev) — always with exclusivity marker in load-bearing contexts | Critical | throughout |
| holy_spirit | पवित्र आत्मा (pavitra ātmā) | Critical | 1:14 |
| father | पिता (pitā) | Critical | 1:2 (implied in greeting) |
| exhort | उत्तेजन देणें (uttejan denẽ) | Low | 4:2 |
Risk note on resurrection at 2:18: this occurrence is the false teaching of Hymenaeus and Philetus (“the resurrection has already happened”). The Konkani term पुनरुत्थान must still be used, but the surrounding Konkani sentence must clearly mark this as a rejected, corrective example (“they wrongly taught that…”), not a doctrinal affirmation.
Section B — New Terms Introduced in 2 Timothy
B.1 Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
| Term | Original (Greek) | Transliteration | Konkani term | Risk | Doctrine | Chapter refs | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scripture | γραφή | graphē | पवित्र शास्त्र (pavitra śāstra) | High | Inspiration/Sufficiency of Scripture | 3:16 | Never bare शास्त्र in doctrinal contexts — collides with the generic Hindu term for authoritative religious/philosophical treatises (Dharmaśāstra, Yogaśāstra, etc.). Always the fixed compound पवित्र शास्त्र. |
| sacred writings | ἱερὰ γράμματα | hiera grammata | पवित्र लिखाणां (pavitra likhāṇā) | High | Inspiration/Sufficiency of Scripture | 3:15 | Synonym referring to the OT; same collision risk as γραφή. |
| God-breathed | θεόπνευστος | theopneustos | देवप्रेरित (devprerit) | Critical | Inspiration of Scripture | 3:16 | Must be distinguished both from generic guru/rishi “inspiration” and from the Vedic śruti (eternal, impersonally “heard” revelation) vs. smṛti (humanly composed/remembered) distinction. Requires a standing translator note at every occurrence. |
| profitable | ὠφέλιμος | ōphelimos | उपयोगी (upayogī) | Low | Sufficiency of Scripture | 3:16 | Standard term. |
| teaching / doctrine | διδασκαλία | didaskalia | शिकवण (śikavaṇ) | Medium | Sufficiency of Scripture / Guarding Sound Doctrine | 3:16, 4:2, 4:3 | General noun underlying “sound doctrine” below; keep consistent. |
| reproof | ἐλεγμός / ἐλέγχω | elegmos / elenchō | दोष दाखोवप (dos dākhovap) | Medium | Sufficiency of Scripture | 3:16, 4:2 | |
| correction | ἐπανόρθωσις | epanorthōsis | सुधारणा (sudhāraṇā) | Medium | Sufficiency of Scripture | 3:16 | |
| training/instruction | παιδεία | paideia | शिस्तशिक्षण (śistaśikṣaṇ) | Medium | Sufficiency of Scripture | 3:16 | |
| complete/proficient | ἄρτιος | artios | पूर्ण सक्षम (pūrṇa sakṣam) | Medium | Sufficiency of Scripture | 3:17 | |
| equipped | ἐξηρτισμένος | exērtismenos | सज्ज केल्लो (sajja kello) | Medium | Sufficiency of Scripture | 3:17 | |
| man of God | ὁ τοῦ θεοῦ ἄνθρωπος | ho tou theou anthrōpos | देवाचो मनीस (devāco manīs) | High | Sufficiency of Scripture / Ministry | 3:17 | Must not be assimilated to guru/sādhu/svāmī figures of Hindu religious authority — standing derives from God’s equipping via Scripture, not personal spiritual attainment. |
B.2 Guarding Sound Doctrine & Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
| Term | Original (Greek) | Transliteration | Konkani term | Risk | Doctrine | Chapter refs | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| deposit / entrusted treasure | παραθήκη / παρακαταθήκη | parathēkē / parakatathēkē | थेव (thev) | High | Guarding Sound Doctrine / Faithful Transmission | 1:12, 1:14 | A fixed, valuable trust to be guarded unaltered and passed on — not a personal possession subject to reinterpretation. |
| entrust (verb) | παρατίθημι | paratithēmi | सोपप (sopap) | High | Faithful Transmission | 2:2 | Governs the multi-generational transmission chain: Paul → Timothy → faithful men → others. |
| faithful men, able to teach others | πιστοῖς ἀνθρώποις, ἱκανοὶ ἑτέρους διδάξαι | pistois anthrōpois, hikanoi heterous didaxai | विश्वासाजोगे मनीस, हेरांक शिकोवपाक सक्षम | Medium-High | Faithful Transmission | 2:2 | Qualification criteria: faithfulness + competence. |
| rightly handling the word of truth | ὀρθοτομέω | orthotomeō | सत्याचो शब्द नीट हाताळप (satyāco śabda nīṭ hātāḷap) | High | Guarding Sound Doctrine | 2:15 | Precision/integrity in exposition; distinguish from Hindu shastric hermeneutical categories. |
| sound doctrine | ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία | hygiainousa didaskalia | सुदृढ शिकवण (sudṛḍha śikavaṇ) | High | Guarding Sound Doctrine | 4:3 | Health/wholeness metaphor; contrasted with “gangrene” (γάγγραινα) spreading false teaching. |
| kept the faith | τὴν πίστιν τετήρηκα (τηρέω) | tēn pistin tetērēka (tēreō) | विश्वास राखला (viśvās rākhlā) | High | Guarding Sound Doctrine | 4:7 | Reuses the “guard intact” sense of थेव; Paul’s ministry as guarding the deposit to the end. |
| unfeigned/sincere faith | ἀνυπόκριτος πίστις | anypokritos pistis | ढोंगविरहीत विश्वास (ḍhoṅgvirahīt viśvās) | Medium | Faithful Transmission | 1:5 | Model of transmission across three family generations (Lois, Eunice, Timothy). |
| dispute about words | λογομαχέω | logomacheō | शब्दांची झगडी करप | Medium | Guarding Sound Doctrine | 2:14 | Forbidden negative counterpart to ὀρθοτομέω. |
| profane, empty chatter | βέβηλοι κενοφωνίαι | bebēloi kenophōniai | रिकाम्यो गजाली | Medium | Guarding Sound Doctrine | 2:16 | |
| gangrene (metaphor) | γάγγραινα | gangraina | गँग्रीन (सडण) | Medium | Guarding Sound Doctrine | 2:17 | Metaphor for the destructive spread of false teaching. |
| firm foundation stands | ὁ στερεὸς θεμέλιος τοῦ θεοῦ ἕστηκεν | ho stereos themelios tou theou hestēken | पाया थीर उरता | Medium | Guarding Sound Doctrine | 2:19 | God’s purpose unshaken by individual apostasies. |
B.3 Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
| Term | Original (Greek) | Transliteration | Konkani term | Risk | Doctrine | Chapter refs | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| the last days | ἔσχαται ἡμέραι | eschatai hēmerai | निमाणे दीस (nimāṇe dīs) | High | Apostasy in the Last Days | 3:1 | Must be distinguished from the cyclical Kali Yuga framework: linear, one-time, unrepeatable period vs. an endless repeating four-yuga cosmic cycle. Standing translator note required. |
| perilous times | καιροὶ χαλεποί | kairoi chalepoi | कठीण काळ | Medium | Apostasy in the Last Days | 3:1 | |
| vice catalogue (representative terms) | φίλαυτοι, φιλάργυροι, ἀλαζόνες, ὑπερήφανοι, ἀχάριστοι, φιλήδονοι μᾶλλον ἢ φιλόθεοι, etc. | philautoi, philargyroi, alazones, hyperēphanoi, acharistoi, philēdonoi mallon ē philotheoi | आपणाचोच मोग करपी, पैशाचो लोबी, गर्विश्ट, कृतघ्न, देवाचो मोग करपाऐवजी सुखाचो मोग करपी | High (collectively) | Apostasy in the Last Days | 3:2–5 | Render descriptively rather than coining 19 new single-word terms; final item directly anticipates εὐσέβεια below. |
| form of godliness (denying its power) | μόρφωσις εὐσεβείας | morphōsis eusebeias | देवनिष्ठेचें बाह्य रूप (devniṣṭhece bāhya rūp) | High | Apostasy in the Last Days | 3:5 | Outward religious appearance without inward transforming reality — key diagnostic of false religion. |
| godliness | εὐσέβεια | eusebeia | देवनिष्ठा (devniṣṭhā) | High (new term — confirm before locking) | Apostasy in the Last Days / Perseverance | 3:5, 3:12 | Deliberately avoids भक्ती (Goan Hindu temple devotional worship of a chosen deity); built on निष्ठा (loyalty/steadfast commitment) instead. Requires theologian/native-speaker confirmation before entering translation memory. |
| Jannes and Jambres | Ἰάννης καὶ Ἰαμβρῆς | Iannēs kai Iambrēs | यान्नेस आनी यांब्रेस | Medium | Apostasy in the Last Days | 3:8 | Extra-biblical/Jewish-tradition names; footnote recommended. |
| disqualified regarding the faith | ἀδόκιμοι περὶ τὴν πίστιν | adokimoi peri tēn pistin | विश्वासाच्या बाबतींत नापास | Medium | Apostasy in the Last Days | 3:8 | |
| evil men and impostors | πονηροὶ ἄνθρωποι καὶ γόητες | ponēroi anthrōpoi kai goētes | जादूगार (for γόης) | Medium | Apostasy in the Last Days | 3:13 | Religious charlatan/deceiver; distinguish from mere stage magician. |
| deceiving and being deceived | πλανῶντες καὶ πλανώμενοι | planōntes kai planōmenoi | फटवप आनी फटो जावप | Medium | Apostasy in the Last Days | 3:13 | |
| deny | ἀρνέομαι | arneomai | नाकारप (nākārap) | High | Apostasy in the Last Days | 2:12 | Paired inseparably with God’s own unshakeable faithfulness (2:13); neither truth may cancel the other. |
| resurrection already happened (false teaching) | τὴν ἀνάστασιν ἤδη γεγονέναι | tēn anastasin ēdē gegonenai | (uses baseline पुनरुत्थान within a marked false-teaching frame) | Critical | Apostasy / Resurrection of Christ | 2:18 | Named case study: Hymenaeus and Philetus. Must be framed explicitly as rejected/corrective, never as an affirmed claim. |
| myths | μῦθος | mythos | दंतकथा (dantakathā) | Medium-High | Apostasy in the Last Days | 4:4 | Scope narrowly to Paul’s specific warning; avoid blanket dismissal of all traditional religious narrative given Goa’s living Puranic/temple-story tradition. |
| Demas… loved this present age | Δημᾶς ἀγαπήσας τὸν νῦν αἰῶνα | Dēmas agapēsas ton nyn aiōna | देमास (proper name) + तांणे ह्या जगाचो मोग केलो | High | Apostasy in the Last Days | 4:10 | Concrete named apostasy example, contrasted with 4:8’s “loved his appearing.” |
B.4 Perseverance under Suffering
| Term | Original (Greek) | Transliteration | Konkani term | Risk | Doctrine | Chapter refs | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| endurance / perseverance | ὑπομονή | hypomonē | सहनशीलता (sahanaśīlatā) | High | Perseverance under Suffering | 2:10, 2:12, 3:10 | Active, hope-rooted endurance; distinguish sharply from fatalistic karma-driven acceptance of suffering. |
| suffer hardship | κακοπαθέω | kakopatheō | कश्ट सोसप (kaṣṭ sosap) | High | Perseverance under Suffering | 1:8, 2:3, 2:9, 4:5 | Purposeful, faith-rooted endurance for the gospel, not passive resignation. |
| persecution | διωγμός | diōgmos | छळ (chaḷ) | High | Perseverance under Suffering | 3:11 | Tied to the universal-persecution guarantee of 3:12. |
| all who desire to live godly… will be persecuted | 3:12 (see εὐσέβεια) | — | — | High | Perseverance under Suffering | 3:12 | Universal guarantee, not possibility. |
| soldier / athlete / farmer (metaphor triad) | στρατιώτης / ἀθλέω / γεωργός | stratiōtēs / athleō / geōrgos | शिपाय / स्पर्धेंत भाग घेवप / शेतकार | Low-Medium | Perseverance under Suffering | 2:3–6 | Undistracted, disciplined focus; soldier metaphor requires care not to romanticize literal violence. |
| poured out as a drink offering | σπένδομαι | spendomai | अर्पणासारकें वताडप (arpaṇāsārkẽ vatāḍap) | High | Perseverance under Suffering / Assurance of Reward | 4:6 | OT libation/sacrificial imagery; distinguish from Hindu tarpaṇa ritual libation for ancestors/deities. |
| fought the good fight / finished the race | τὸν καλὸν ἀγῶνα ἠγώνισμαι / τὸν δρόμον τετέλεκα | ton kalon agōna ēgōnismai / ton dromon teteleka | बरें झूज केलां / धांव पुराय केल्या | Medium | Perseverance under Suffering | 4:7 | Summary triad preceding the crown of righteousness. |
| youthful passions | νεωτερικαὶ ἐπιθυμίαι | neōterikai epithymiai | तरणपणाच्यो वासना | High | Perseverance / Sanctification | 2:22 | Shares ἐπιθυμία’s cultural-collision note below. |
| desires / passions (general) | ἐπιθυμία | epithymia | वासना (vāsanā) | High | Perseverance / Apostasy | 2:22, 3:6, 4:3 | Overlaps with the Yogic/Hindu philosophical concept of vāsanā as rebirth-binding craving; biblical remedy is deliverance through Christ/Spirit, not ascetic extinguishing or karma-exhaustion. |
B.5 The Charge to Preach the Word
| Term | Original (Greek) | Transliteration | Konkani term | Risk | Doctrine | Chapter refs | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| solemnly charge | Διαμαρτύρομαι | diamartyromai | कडक ताकीद दितां (kaḍak tākīd ditā̃) | High | Charge to Preach the Word | 4:1 | Courtroom-like solemnity invoking God and Christ as witnesses. |
| preach / proclaim | κηρύσσω | kēryssō | प्रचार करप (pracār karap) | Medium-High | Charge to Preach the Word | 4:2, 4:17 (κήρυγμα) | Distinct from baseline सुवार्ता प्रसार (the broader mission/evangelism activity); this verb is the specific act of heralding. Must be modeled as bold but non-coercive, given Goa’s Inquisition history. |
| in season, out of season | εὐκαίρως ἀκαίρως | eukairōs akairōs | वेळार वा अवेळार | Low | Charge to Preach the Word | 4:2 | |
| reprove / rebuke sharply | ἔλεγξον / ἐπιτίμησον | elenxon / epitimēson | दोष दाखोवप / सज्जड ताकीद दिवप | Medium | Charge to Preach the Word | 4:2 | |
| patience (toward people) | μακροθυμία | makrothymia | धीरज (dhīraj) | Medium | Charge to Preach the Word | 4:2 | Distinct from ὑπομονή (endurance under trial/suffering). |
| evangelist | εὐαγγελιστής | euangelistēs | सुवार्तिक (suvārtik) | Medium | Charge to Preach the Word | 4:5 | Built on baseline सुवार्ता root. |
| ministry / service | διακονία | diakonia | सेवाकाम (sevākām) | Medium | Charge to Preach the Word | 4:5 | Consistent with baseline’s “Christ-Centered Ministry” root. |
| fulfill fully | πληροφορέω | plērophoreō | पुराय करप (purāy karap) | Medium | Charge to Preach the Word | 4:5 | |
| be sober-minded / watchful | νήφω | nēphō | जागृत आसप (jāgṛt āsap) | Medium | Charge to Preach the Word | 4:5 | |
| itching ears | κνηθόμενοι τὴν ἀκοήν | knēthomenoi tēn akoēn | कान खाजोवपाची चटक | Medium | Charge to Preach the Word / Apostasy | 4:3 | Idiom — natural Konkani equivalent required, not literal word-for-word. |
| truth | ἀλήθεια | alētheia | सत्य (satya) | Medium-High | Charge to Preach the Word / Apostasy | 2:15, 2:25, 3:7, 4:4 | Must be anchored as God’s personal, revealed, historical truth in the gospel, not an impersonal cosmic Truth/Brahman-adjacent concept. |
| judge of the living and the dead | κρίνειν ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς | krinein zōntas kai nekrous | जिवीं आनी मेल्ल्यांचो न्याय करपी | High | Charge to Preach the Word / Deity of Christ | 4:1 | One personal Judge, one final verdict — distinguish from Yama/karma-mechanism frameworks. |
| appearing / manifestation | ἐπιφάνεια | epiphaneia | प्रगटप (pragaṭap) | Critical | Charge to Preach the Word / Deity of Christ / Assurance of Reward | 1:10, 4:1, 4:8 | Sharply distinct from देहधारण (incarnation, baseline Critical term). Requires standing translator note against avatar-descent reading at every occurrence, given Goa’s lived Mahalasa/Mardol avatar tradition. |
B.6 Assurance of Reward
| Term | Original (Greek) | Transliteration | Konkani term | Risk | Doctrine | Chapter refs | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| crown of righteousness | ὁ τῆς δικαιοσύνης στέφανος | ho tēs dikaiosynēs stephanos | नीतिमत्तेचो मुकुट (nītimattẽco mukuṭ) | High | Assurance of Reward | 4:8 | Framed as the Judge’s gracious verdict upon Christ’s righteousness and persevering faith — never a karma-fruit (फळ) mechanically earned. |
| righteous judge | ὁ δίκαιος κριτής | ho dikaios kritēs | नीतिमान न्यायाधीश | High | Assurance of Reward | 4:8 | See κρίνειν note above. |
| repay / award | ἀποδίδωμι | apodidōmi | बक्षीस दिवप (bakṣīs divap) | High | Assurance of Reward | 4:8, 4:14 | Deliberately avoids फळ (karma-fruit) root already rejected by baseline for “grace.” |
| reign with him | συζήσομεν / συμβασιλεύσομεν | syzēsomen / symbasileusomen | वांगडा राज्य करतले (vā̃gaḍā rājya kartale) | High | Assurance of Reward | 2:11–12 | Gracious promised outcome of persevering faith-union with Christ, not merit-transaction. |
| all who have loved his appearing | πᾶσι τοῖς ἠγαπηκόσι τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν αὐτοῦ | pasi tois ēgapēkosi tēn epiphaneian autou | ज्या सगळ्यांनी तांच्या प्रगटपाचो मोग केला | High | Assurance of Reward | 4:8 | Universalizes the reward to all believers, not a spiritual elite. |
| kept the faith / finished the race / fought the good fight | (see B.2, B.4) | — | — | High (collectively) | Assurance of Reward | 4:7 | Triad immediately preceding the crown of righteousness (4:8). |
B.7 Supporting/General Terms (God, Christ, and Christian life vocabulary new to this curriculum)
| Term | Original (Greek) | Transliteration | Konkani term | Risk | Doctrine | Chapter refs | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mercy | ἔλεος | eleos | दया (dayā) | Medium | General/Greeting | 1:2, 1:16, 1:18 | Distinguish from कृपा (grace, unmerited favor toward the guilty); दया is compassion toward the needy/suffering. |
| love | ἀγάπη | agapē | मोग (mog) | High (new term — confirm before locking) | General / Perseverance / Assurance of Reward | 1:7, 2:22, 3:10, 4:8 | Konkani-specific term for warm, committed, selfless love; distinguish from काम (romantic/sensual desire) and भक्ती (devotional worship-love toward a chosen deity). Requires confirmation before entering translation memory, as the first “love” entry in this curriculum’s glossary. |
| incorruption / immortality | ἀφθαρσία | aphtharsia | अविनाशीपण (avināśīpaṇ) | High | Resurrection / Sufficiency of Scripture (life disclosed through gospel) | 1:10 | Framed as a gift secured by Christ’s resurrection for redeemed humanity, not the Vedantic ātman’s inherent, uncreated eternality. |
| self-control / sound mind | σωφρονισμός | sōphronismos | संयम (samyam) | Medium | General | 1:7 | |
| repentance | μετάνοια | metanoia | पश्चात्ताप (paścāttāp) | High | General / Apostasy correction | 2:25 | Must convey genuine God-granted turning, not mere emotional remorse; reinforce with मनपालट at first occurrence. |
| full knowledge of the truth | ἐπίγνωσις ἀληθείας | epignōsis alētheias | सत्याचें पूर्ण ज्ञान | Medium | Apostasy correction | 2:25 | |
| the devil | διάβολος | diabolos | सैतान (saitān) | Medium | Apostasy | 2:26 | Singular personal adversary; distinguish from generic folk-belief spirits (भूत/पिशाच). |
| snare | παγίς | pagis | सापण (sāpaṇ) | Low | Apostasy | 2:26 | |
| the Lord’s servant | δοῦλος κυρίου | doulos kyriou | प्रभूचो दास (prabhūco dās) | Medium | Ministry Character | 2:24 | Willing, honorable belonging to Christ, not social slavery/caste-servant status. |
| vessel (honor/dishonor) | σκεῦος (εἰς τιμήν / ἀτιμίαν) | skeuos | भांडें (मानाचें/बेमानाचें) | High | Church/Household of God | 2:20–21 | Usefulness determined by moral self-cleansing, not birth/caste status — explicit translator note required given Goa’s caste sensitivity. |
B.8 Proper Names Requiring Standard Transliteration (Low Risk)
| English | Konkani transliteration | Chapter refs |
|---|---|---|
| Timothy | तिमथी (timathī) | throughout |
| Paul | पौल (paul) | 1:1 [established, per baseline transliteration standards] |
| Lois | लोइस (lois) | 1:5 |
| Eunice | युनिके (yunike) | 1:5 |
| Onesiphorus | वनेसिफोर (vanesiphor) | 1:16, 4:19 |
| Hymenaeus | हुमेनाय (humenāy) | 2:17 |
| Philetus | फिलेत (philet) | 2:17 |
| Jannes | यान्नेस (yānnes) | 3:8 |
| Jambres | यांब्रेस (yāmbres) | 3:8 |
| Demas | देमास (demās) | 4:10 |
| Crescens | क्रेस्केस (krerkes) | 4:10 |
| Titus | तीत (tīt) | 4:10 |
| Tychicus | तुखिक (tukhik) | 4:12 |
| Carpus | कार्प (kārp) | 4:13 |
| Alexander | अलेक्सांद्र (aleksāndra) | 4:14 |
| Prisca/Priscilla | प्रिस्का (priskā) | 4:19 |
| Aquila | अक्विला (akvilā) | 4:19 |
| Eubulus | युबुल (yubul) | 4:21 |
| Pudens | पुदेस (pudes) | 4:21 |
| Linus | लीन (līn) | 4:21 |
| Claudia | क्लौदिया (klaudiyā) | 4:21 |
| Mark | मार्क (mārk) | 4:11 |
| Luke | लूक (lūk) | 4:11 |
| Antioch, Iconium, Lystra | अंत्युखिया, इकुनिया, लुस्त्रा | 3:11 |
| Egypt (implied by Jannes/Jambres tradition) | मिसर (misar) | 3:8 (background) |
Risk Summary
| Risk tier | Count of new terms/entries (Section B) | Review routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 3 (θεόπνευστος, ἐπιφάνεια, τὴν ἀνάστασιν ἤδη γεγονέναι false-teaching frame) | Human theologian, every occurrence |
| High | 30 | Human theologian |
| Medium | 26 | Native speaker review |
| Low | 9 | Automated review |
Terms flagged for mandatory confirmation before entering translation memory: εὐσέβεια (देवनिष्ठा), ἀγάπη (मोग), μετάνοια (पश्चात्ताप) — these are new coinages/first-occurrences for this curriculum and, per the AI requirements’ new-term protocol, must be reviewed by a theologian and recorded in translation_memory.json with an incremented version number before Phase 2 segment translation of any 2 Timothy passage containing them proceeds.
Note on version control: Adopting this glossary requires incrementing the shared translation_memory.json from version 1 (Romans baseline) to version 2, adding all Section B entries while leaving every Section A (baseline) entry unchanged, per the Glossary Enforcement Priority Order in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
Critical Risk Terms
Righteousness
Approved rendering: नीतिमत्ता
Transliteration: nītimattā
Doctrine: Salvation / Assurance of Reward
Rejected alternatives: धर्म, पुण्य, न्याय
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 2 Timothy 2:22, 3:16, 4:8. Never धर्म. Forms the compound ‘crown of righteousness’ at 4:8 — see crown_of_righteousness.
Salvation
Approved rendering: तारण
Transliteration: tāraṇ
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: मुक्ती, मोक्ष, सुटका
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 2 Timothy 1:9, 2:10, 3:15, 4:18. Never मुक्ती/मोक्ष. At 4:18 paired in the same sentence with ῥύομαι/rescue (सुटका) — both terms must appear distinctly.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: पुनरुत्थान
Transliteration: punaruthān
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: पुनर्जन्म, पुनर्जीवन
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 2 Timothy 2:8 (orthodox affirmation) and 2:18 (as the content of Hymenaeus and Philetus’s false teaching). Never पुनर्जन्म. At 2:18 the surrounding sentence must explicitly mark the claim as rejected error — see resurrection_already_happened_false_teaching.
Lord
Approved rendering: प्रभू
Transliteration: prabhū
Doctrine: Deity and Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: स्वामी, मालक
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs throughout 2 Timothy (1:2, 1:8, 1:16, 1:18, 2:7, 2:19, 2:22, 2:24, 4:8, 4:14, 4:17, 4:18, 4:22). Exclusive, supreme Lordship, not one honored figure among Goa’s temple deities.
Jesus
Approved rendering: येशू
Transliteration: yeśū
Doctrine: Deity and Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: जेजू
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs throughout 2 Timothy. Never जेजू (Romi Konkani Catholic spelling).
God
Approved rendering: देव
Transliteration: dev
Doctrine: Deity and Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: भगवान
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs throughout 2 Timothy, notably in the solemn charge of 4:1 (‘in the presence of God and Christ Jesus’). Must always be paired with an exclusivity marker (e.g. एकच खरो देव) in doctrinally load-bearing contexts.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: पवित्र आत्मा
Transliteration: pavitra ātmā
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: ब्रह्म, परमात्मा
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 2 Timothy 1:14 (‘the Holy Spirit who dwells within us’). Never ब्रह्म or परमात्मा.
Father
Approved rendering: पिता
Transliteration: pitā
Doctrine: Deity and Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ब्रह्मा, निर्माणकार
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Implied in the greeting formula of 2 Timothy 1:2. Never a Hindu creator-deity name.
God Breathed
Approved rendering: देवप्रेरित
Transliteration: devprerit
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: प्रेरित (bare)
Original: θεόπνευστος
Category: Scripture
New to this curriculum; central term for 2 Timothy 3:16. Must be distinguished from (1) generic guru/rishi poetic ‘inspiration’ and (2) the Vedic śruti (eternal, impersonally ‘heard’ revelation) vs. smṛti (humanly composed/remembered) distinction. Asserts the personal God directly producing a historically situated, textually fixed writing through chosen human authors. Requires a standing translator note at every occurrence. CRITICAL: human theologian review, every occurrence, no exceptions.
Resurrection Already Happened False Teaching
Approved rendering: पुनरुत्थान (नाकारिल्लें, चुकीचें शिकवण म्हणून चिन्न केल्लें)
Transliteration: punaruthān (nākārillẽ, cukīcẽ śikavaṇ mhaṇūn cinna kellẽ)
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days / Resurrection of Christ
Original: τὴν ἀνάστασιν ἤδη γεγονέναι
Category: Apostasy
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:18, Hymenaeus and Philetus). Uses baseline पुनरुत्थान inside a clearly marked corrective frame; must never read as an endorsed doctrinal claim. CRITICAL: human theologian review, every occurrence, no exceptions. Never shorten or paraphrase away the corrective bracket.
Appearing
Approved rendering: प्रगटप
Transliteration: pragaṭap
Doctrine: Deity and Lordship of Christ / Christ’s Future Appearing
Rejected alternatives: अवतार, देहधारण (conflated)
Original: ἐπιφάνεια
Category: Christology
New to this curriculum but reused identically across 1:10 (first coming), 4:1, and 4:8 (future return). Must be kept sharply distinct from देहधारण (the baseline’s Critical incarnation term) — प्रगटप names Christ’s visible manifestation, never a repeatable temple-linked avatar-appearance (cf. Mahalasa Narayani’s Mohini-avatar story at Mardol). CRITICAL: human theologian review, every occurrence, no exceptions; standing translator note required at every occurrence.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: सुवार्ता
Transliteration: suvārtā
Doctrine: Gospel / Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
Rejected alternatives: बरी खबर, शुभवर्तमान
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 2 Timothy 1:8, 1:10, 2:8, 4:5. Names the fixed apostolic message that must be guarded and transmitted intact, not merely ‘good news’ generically.
Grace
Approved rendering: कृपा
Transliteration: kṛpā
Doctrine: Grace / Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: कर्मफळ, पुण्य, नशीब
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 2 Timothy 1:2, 1:9, 2:1, 4:22. At 1:9 explicitly contrasted with ‘our works’ — this contrast must be preserved without softening.
Faith
Approved rendering: विश्वास
Transliteration: viśvās
Doctrine: Faith / Guarding Sound Doctrine
Rejected alternatives: श्रद्धा, भक्ती
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 2 Timothy 1:5, 1:13, 2:22, 3:8, 3:10, 3:15, 4:7. Object must remain traceable to Christ/the apostolic gospel, never generalized bhakti-style devotion.
Called
Approved rendering: बोलावलेले
Transliteration: bolāvlele
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: आमंत्रित
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timothy 1:9 (‘called us to a holy calling, not because of our works’). Distinguish from karma/fate-determined destiny (नशीब/प्रारब्ध).
Calling
Approved rendering: बोलावणें
Transliteration: bolāvaṇẽ
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: आमंत्रण
Inherited from Romans package. Noun form paired with ‘called’ at 2 Timothy 1:9.
Holy
Approved rendering: पवित्र
Transliteration: pavitra
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holy Living
Rejected alternatives: शुद्ध, निर्मळ
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 2 Timothy 1:9 (holy calling), 1:14 (Holy Spirit), and underlies 3:15 (sacred writings).
Sanctification
Approved rendering: पवित्रीकरण
Transliteration: pavitrīkaraṇ
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holy Living
Rejected alternatives: शुद्धीकरण
Original: ἁγιάζω / ἡγιασμένον
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 2 Timothy 2:21 (‘sanctified, useful to the master of the house’). Distinguish from ritual purification or ascetic self-discipline.
Seed Of David
Approved rendering: दावीदाच्या वंशांतलो
Transliteration: dāvīdācyā vanśāntlo
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ / Davidic Covenant
Original: σπέρμα Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 2 Timothy 2:8, paired directly with resurrection (‘risen from the dead, the offspring of David’).
Scripture
Approved rendering: पवित्र शास्त्र
Transliteration: pavitra śāstra
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: शास्त्र (bare)
Original: γραφή / πᾶσα γραφὴ
Category: Scripture
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:16). NEVER bare शास्त्र in doctrinally load-bearing contexts — शास्त्र is the same generic word used for Dharmaśāstra, Yogaśāstra, Jyotiṣaśāstra. Always the fixed compound with a standing translator note: a closed, historically given, God-authored corpus, not one genre of śāstra among several.
Sacred Writings
Approved rendering: पवित्र लिखाणां
Transliteration: pavitra likhāṇā
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: शास्त्र (bare)
Original: ἱερὰ γράμματα
Category: Scripture
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:15). Refers to the OT writings Timothy knew from childhood; same śāstra-genre collision risk as ‘scripture’.
Man Of God
Approved rendering: देवाचो मनीस
Transliteration: devāco manīs
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: गुरू, सादू, स्वामी
Original: ὁ τοῦ θεοῦ ἄνθρωπος
Category: Scripture
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:17). Must not be assimilated to the guru/sādhu/svāmī figure of regional Hindu religious authority, whose standing derives from ascetic achievement or lineage; here standing derives entirely from being equipped by God’s own Scripture.
Deposit
Approved rendering: थेव
Transliteration: thev
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine / Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
Rejected alternatives: सोपणावळ (generic handover)
Original: παραθήκη / παρακαταθήκη
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum; central term for 2 Timothy 1:12, 1:14. A fixed, valuable trust to be guarded unaltered and passed on, not a personal possession subject to reinterpretation. Reinforced by 4:7’s ‘kept the faith’.
Entrust
Approved rendering: सोपप
Transliteration: sopap
Doctrine: Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
Rejected alternatives: दिवप (too weak)
Original: παρατίθημι
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:2). Governs the multi-generational transmission chain (Paul → Timothy → faithful men → others); must preserve chain-of-custody sense, not a generic ‘teach’.
Rightly Handling Word Of Truth
Approved rendering: सत्याचो शब्द नीट हाताळप
Transliteration: satyāco śabda nīṭ hātāḷap
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Rejected alternatives: शास्त्रीय व्याख्या पद्दत (mimamsa-style)
Original: ὀρθοτομέω
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum; central term for 2 Timothy 2:15. Must convey precision and integrity of exposition under apostolic authority, distinguished from Hindu shastric hermeneutic categories (e.g. pūrva-mīmāṃsā rules) operating under a different authority structure.
Sound Doctrine
Approved rendering: सुदृढ शिकवण
Transliteration: sudṛḍha śikavaṇ
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Rejected alternatives: शुद्ध शिकवण
Original: ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum; central term for 2 Timothy 4:3. Must carry the health/wholeness metaphor consistently, contrasted with ‘gangrene’ (2:17); never flattened into generic ‘correct teaching’.
Kept The Faith
Approved rendering: विश्वास राखला
Transliteration: viśvās rākhlā
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine / Assurance of Reward
Original: τὴν πίστιν τετήρηκα (τηρέω)
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:7). Must be rendered with the same ‘guard intact’ sense used for थेव in chapters 1-2.
Last Days
Approved rendering: निमाणे दीस
Transliteration: nimāṇe dīs
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Rejected alternatives: कलियुग-आधारित भाशा
Original: ἐν ἐσχάταις ἡμέραις
Category: Eschatology
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:1). Must be marked, via a standing translator note, as a linear-historical, one-time period preceding Christ’s final, unrepeatable return, NOT one phase of an endless repeating Kali Yuga cycle.
Vice Catalogue
Approved rendering: आपणाचोच मोग करपी, पैशाचो लोबी, गर्विश्ट, कृतघ्न, देवाचो मोग करपाऐवजी सुखाचो मोग करपी
Transliteration: āpaṇācoc mog karpī, paiśāco lobī, garviśṭ, kṛtaghna, devāco mog karpāaivajī sukhāco mog karpī
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: φίλαυτοι, φιλάργυροι, ἀλαζόνες, ὑπερήφανοι, ἀχάριστοι, φιλήδονοι μᾶλλον ἢ φιλόθεοι, et al.
Category: Apostasy
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:2-5). Rendered descriptively rather than as nineteen single-word coinages; final item anticipates ‘godliness’ below and must use the same devniṣṭhā/mog root for consistency.
Form Of Godliness
Approved rendering: देवनिष्ठेचें बाह्य रूप
Transliteration: devniṣṭhece bāhya rūp
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days / Godliness as Life Orientation
Original: μόρφωσις εὐσεβείας
Category: Apostasy
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:5). The letter’s sharpest diagnostic of hollow religiosity without inward transforming reality.
Godliness
Approved rendering: देवनिष्ठा
Transliteration: devniṣṭhā
Doctrine: Godliness as Life Orientation
Rejected alternatives: भक्ती, धर्माचरण
Original: εὐσέβεια
Category: Apostasy
PENDING CONFIRMATION — new coinage for this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:5, 3:12), built on निष्ठा (‘loyalty/steadfast commitment’) rather than भक्ती, which carries the specific weight of Goan Hindu devotional worship directed at a personally chosen temple deity (iṣṭa-devatā). Requires mandatory theologian/native-speaker confirmation before this flag is removed; until confirmed, route every occurrence to human theologian review regardless of doctrine tier.
Deny
Approved rendering: नाकारप
Transliteration: nākārap
Doctrine: God’s Unshakeable Faithfulness
Original: ἀρνέομαι
Category: Apostasy
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:12). Must retain solemn warning force alongside the immediately following assurance of God’s own unshakeable faithfulness (2:13) — neither truth may cancel the other.
Myths
Approved rendering: दंतकथा
Transliteration: dantakathā
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: μῦθος
Category: Apostasy
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:4). Given Goa’s living Puranic/temple-narrative tradition, must be scoped narrowly to Paul’s specific warning against fabricated teaching displacing the apostolic gospel, not a blanket dismissal of all traditional religious narrative.
Demas Loved Present Age
Approved rendering: देमास … तांणे ह्या जगाचो मोग केलो
Transliteration: demās … tā̃ṇe hyā jagāco mog kelo
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: Δημᾶς … ἀγαπήσας τὸν νῦν αἰῶνα
Category: Apostasy
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:10). Concrete named apostasy example, contrasted with 4:8’s ‘loved his appearing’.
Endurance
Approved rendering: सहनशीलता
Transliteration: sahanaśīlatā
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Rejected alternatives: तप, तपश्चर्या
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Perseverance
New to this curriculum; central term for Perseverance under Suffering (2 Timothy 2:10, 2:12, 3:10). Must convey active, hope-rooted, faith-driven endurance, sharply distinguished from fatalistic karma-driven acceptance of suffering or self-chosen ascetic austerity (तप).
Suffer Hardship
Approved rendering: कश्ट सोसप
Transliteration: kaṣṭ sosap
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Rejected alternatives: तप
Original: κακοπαθέω
Category: Perseverance
New to this curriculum; recurring across the letter (2 Timothy 1:8, 2:3, 2:9, 4:5). Purposeful, faith-rooted endurance for the gospel, not passive resignation.
Persecution
Approved rendering: छळ
Transliteration: chaḷ
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Original: διωγμός
Category: Perseverance
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:11). Tied to the universal-persecution guarantee of 3:12; must not be softened into general hardship divorced from its faith-driven cause.
Poured Out As Drink Offering
Approved rendering: अर्पणासारकें वताडप
Transliteration: arpaṇāsārkẽ vatāḍap
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering / Assurance of Reward
Original: ἐγὼ … ἤδη σπένδομαι
Category: Perseverance
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:6). Must be anchored in OT sacrificial/libation imagery, not confused with regional Hindu ritual libation practice such as tarpaṇa (an ongoing ritual obligation); this is a one-time, unrepeatable self-offering.
Youthful Passions
Approved rendering: तरणपणाच्यो वासना
Transliteration: taraṇpaṇācyo vāsanā
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holy Living
Original: νεωτερικαὶ ἐπιθυμίαι
Category: Perseverance
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:22). Shares the cultural-collision note of ‘desires/passions’ below.
Desires Passions
Approved rendering: वासना
Transliteration: vāsanā
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering / Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: ἐπιθυμία
Category: Apostasy
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:22, 3:6, 4:3). Overlaps with the Yogic/Hindu philosophical concept of vāsanā as the deep-seated craving/impression that binds the soul within the rebirth cycle. Biblical remedy is deliverance through Christ and the Spirit’s sanctifying work, not ascetic extinguishing of desire or karma-exhaustion. Standing translator note required wherever this appears in a doctrinally significant contrast.
Solemnly Charge
Approved rendering: कडक ताकीद दितां
Transliteration: kaḍak tākīd ditā̃
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: Διαμαρτύρομαι
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:1). Must retain courtroom-like solemnity, invoking God and Christ Jesus as witnesses; not softened to ordinary advice.
Preach Proclaim
Approved rendering: प्रचार करप
Transliteration: pracār karap
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Rejected alternatives: उपदेश करप
Original: κηρύσσω / κήρυγμα
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum; central verb for 2 Timothy 4:2 (κήρυγμα noun form at 4:17). Distinct from baseline सुवार्ता प्रसार (the broader mission/evangelism activity). NEVER उपदेश करप, which pulls toward the guru/kirtankar religious-discourse register. Given Goa’s Inquisition-era history, must be modeled as bold but non-coercive proclamation.
Truth
Approved rendering: सत्य
Transliteration: satya
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days / The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: ἀλήθεια
Category: Apostasy
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:15, 2:25, 3:7, 4:4). Must be anchored contextually as God’s personal, revealed, historical truth in the gospel — never an impersonal cosmic Truth/Brahman-adjacent concept realized through meditation or gnosis.
Judge Of Living And Dead
Approved rendering: जिवीं आनी मेल्ल्यांचो न्याय करपी
Transliteration: jivī̃ āṇi mellyā̃co nyāy karpī
Doctrine: Deity and Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: यम-सम न्याय करपी
Original: κρίνειν ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς
Category: Christology
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:1). One personal Judge rendering one final verdict at history’s end, distinct from Yama’s ledger-keeping within an ongoing rebirth cycle or an impersonal karma-mechanism.
Crown Of Righteousness
Approved rendering: नीतिमत्तेचो मुकुट
Transliteration: nītimattẽco mukuṭ
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Rejected alternatives: कर्मफळाचो मुकुट
Original: ὁ τῆς δικαιοσύνης στέφανος
Category: Reward
New to this curriculum; central term for Assurance of Reward (2 Timothy 4:8). Framed as the righteous Judge’s gracious verdict upon Christ’s righteousness and persevering faith — never a karma-fruit (फळ) mechanically earned.
Righteous Judge
Approved rendering: नीतिमान न्यायाधीश
Transliteration: nītimān nyāyādhīś
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Original: ὁ δίκαιος κριτής
Category: Reward
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:8). Reinforces 4:1’s judge_of_living_and_dead; same personal-Judge vs. impersonal-karma-mechanism distinction applies.
Repay Award
Approved rendering: बक्षीस दिवप
Transliteration: bakṣīs divap
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Rejected alternatives: कर्मफळ, फळ दिवप
Original: ἀποδίδωμι
Category: Reward
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:8, 4:14). Deliberately avoids the फळ (‘fruit,’ as in कर्मफळ) root already rejected by the baseline for ‘grace,’ since a karma-fruit framing would imply mechanically earned reward rather than the righteous Judge’s gracious verdict.
Reign With Him
Approved rendering: वांगडा राज्य करतले
Transliteration: vā̃gaḍā rājya kartale
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Rejected alternatives: कर्मफळान मेळपी राज्य
Original: συζήσομεν / συμβασιλεύσομεν
Category: Reward
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:11-12). Gracious promised outcome of persevering faith-union with Christ, not a karmic reward mechanically earned by the quantity of suffering endured.
All Who Loved His Appearing
Approved rendering: ज्या सगळ्यांनी तांच्या प्रगटपाचो मोग केला
Transliteration: jyā sagḷyā̃nī tā̃cyā pragaṭpāco mog kelā
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Original: πᾶσι τοῖς ἠγαπηκόσι τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν αὐτοῦ
Category: Reward
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:8). Universalizes the reward to every believer, not a spiritual elite; reuses both flagged terms ‘appearing’ and ‘love’.
Love
Approved rendering: मोग
Transliteration: mog
Doctrine: Divine Calling / Assurance of Reward / Perseverance under Suffering
Rejected alternatives: काम, भक्ती
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Faith
PENDING CONFIRMATION — new coinage for this curriculum (2 Timothy 1:7, 2:22, 3:10, 4:8), the first occurrence of ‘love’ as a technical term across this whole pipeline’s curriculum. Must be distinguished from काम (romantic/sensual desire) and भक्ती (devotional worship-love toward a chosen temple deity). Requires mandatory theologian confirmation before this flag is removed; until confirmed, route every occurrence to human theologian review regardless of doctrine tier, given the risk of this rendering propagating uncorrected into Matthew, Mark, Luke, Acts, 2 Corinthians, Galatians, and John.
Incorruption Immortality
Approved rendering: अविनाशीपण
Transliteration: avināśīpaṇ
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ / Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: ἀφθαρσία
Category: Christology
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 1:10, ‘brought life and immortality to light’). Must be framed as a gift secured for redeemed humanity through Christ’s victory over death, disclosed through the gospel — NOT the Vedantic ātman’s inherent, uncreated eternality awaiting mokṣa from an already-immortal soul’s entrapment in matter.
Repentance
Approved rendering: पश्चात्ताप
Transliteration: paścāttāp
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine (correction of error)
Rejected alternatives: मन:शुद्धी (ritual sense)
Original: μετάνοια
Category: Salvation
PENDING CONFIRMATION — new coinage for this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:25). Must convey a genuine God-granted turning of heart and direction, not mere emotional remorse nor a ritual atonement act; reinforce with मनपालट (‘change of heart/mind’) at first occurrence. Requires mandatory theologian confirmation before this flag is removed; until confirmed, route every occurrence to human theologian review regardless of doctrine tier.
Vessel Honor Dishonor
Approved rendering: भांडें (मानाचें/बेमानाचें)
Transliteration: bhāṇḍẽ (mānāce/bemānāce)
Doctrine: Church as God’s Household / Sanctification and Holy Living
Rejected alternatives: जातीवयल्या दर्जाचें रूपक
Original: σκεῦος (εἰς τιμήν / εἰς ἀτιμίαν)
Category: Church
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:20-21). In Goa’s caste-sensitive context, the gold/silver vs. wood/clay imagery could be misheard as endorsing inherited caste hierarchy. Translator note required: usefulness for honorable service is determined by moral self-cleansing, never by birth status, caste, or inherited social rank.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: प्रेषित
Transliteration: preṣit
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: दूत, गुरू
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 2 Timothy 1:1, 1:11 (Paul’s self-designation).
Peace
Approved rendering: शांती
Transliteration: śāntī
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: सुख, समाधान
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 2 Timothy 1:2, 2:22 (pursued alongside righteousness, faith, love).
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: आत्मिक वरदान
Transliteration: ātmik varadān
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Rejected alternatives: वरदान, सिद्धी
Original: χάρισμα
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 2 Timothy 1:6 (‘fan into flame the gift of God’), received via laying on of hands. Never वरदान alone.
Church
Approved rendering: मंडळी
Transliteration: maṇḍaḷī
Doctrine: Church as God’s Household
Rejected alternatives: देऊळ, मंदिर
Inherited from Romans package. Contextual to the household-of-God/vessel metaphor at 2 Timothy 2:20-21. Never देऊळ/मंदिर.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: देवाचें राज्य
Transliteration: devāce rājya
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Rejected alternatives: देवाचें राष्ट्र
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ / αὐτοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 2 Timothy 4:1, 4:18 (‘bring me safely into his heavenly kingdom’). Distinguish from a political/colonial-era kingdom.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: परराष्ट्रीय
Transliteration: pararāṣṭrīya
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Rejected alternatives: विदेशी
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 2 Timothy 4:17 (‘all the Gentiles might hear’).
David
Approved rendering: दावीद
Transliteration: dāvīd
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 2 Timothy 2:8.
Teaching Doctrine
Approved rendering: शिकवण
Transliteration: śikavaṇ
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: διδασκαλία
Category: Scripture
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:16, 4:2, 4:3). General noun underlying ‘sound doctrine’ — keep consistent.
Reproof
Approved rendering: दोष दाखोवप
Transliteration: dos dākhovap
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: ἐλεγμός / ἐλέγχω
Category: Scripture
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:16, and as ἔλεγξον at 4:2).
Correction
Approved rendering: सुधारणा
Transliteration: sudhāraṇā
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: ἐπανόρθωσις
Category: Scripture
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:16).
Training In Righteousness
Approved rendering: शिस्तशिक्षण
Transliteration: śistaśikṣaṇ
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: παιδεία
Category: Scripture
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:16), specifically ‘training in righteousness’ — pairs with baseline नीतिमत्ता.
Complete Proficient
Approved rendering: पूर्ण सक्षम
Transliteration: pūrṇa sakṣam
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: ἄρτιος
Category: Scripture
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:17). States Scripture’s sufficiency in terms of the outcome it produces.
Equipped
Approved rendering: सज्ज केल्लो
Transliteration: sajja kello
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: ἐξηρτισμένος
Category: Scripture
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:17).
Faithful Men Able To Teach
Approved rendering: विश्वासाजोगे मनीस, हेरांक शिकोवपाक सक्षम
Transliteration: viśvāsājoge manīs, herā̃k śikovpāk sakṣam
Doctrine: Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
Original: πιστοῖς ἀνθρώποις, ἱκανοὶ … ἑτέρους διδάξαι
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:2). Qualification criteria for continuing the transmission chain: faithfulness plus competence, not enthusiasm alone.
Unfeigned Faith
Approved rendering: ढोंगविरहीत विश्वास
Transliteration: ḍhoṅgvirahīt viśvās
Doctrine: Faithful Transmission within the Family
Original: ἀνυπόκριτος πίστις
Category: Faith
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 1:5). Model text for family-based faithful transmission (Lois, Eunice, Timothy).
Dispute About Words
Approved rendering: शब्दांची झगडी करप
Transliteration: śabdā̃cī jhagḍī karap
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: λογομαχέω
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:14). Forbidden negative counterpart to ‘rightly handling the word of truth’.
Empty Chatter
Approved rendering: रिकाम्यो गजाली
Transliteration: rikāmyo gajālī
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: βέβηλοι κενοφωνίαι
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:16). Byproduct of false teaching.
Gangrene Metaphor
Approved rendering: गँग्रीन (सडण)
Transliteration: gaṅgrīn (saḍaṇ)
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: γάγγραινα
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:17, of Hymenaeus and Philetus). Ensure the destructive, spreading nature of the metaphor is not lost.
Firm Foundation
Approved rendering: पाया थीर उरता
Transliteration: pāyā thīr urtā
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: ὁ στερεὸς θεμέλιος τοῦ θεοῦ ἕστηκεν
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:19). God’s purpose unshaken by individual apostasies.
Perilous Times
Approved rendering: कठीण काळ
Transliteration: kaṭhīṇ kāḷ
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: καιροὶ χαλεποί
Category: Eschatology
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:1).
Jannes And Jambres
Approved rendering: यान्नेस आनी यांब्रेस
Transliteration: yānnes āṇi yāmbres
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: Ἰάννης καὶ Ἰαμβρῆς
Category: Apostasy
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:8). Extra-biblical/Jewish-tradition names for Pharaoh’s magicians; footnote recommended noting they are not named in Exodus itself.
Disqualified Regarding Faith
Approved rendering: विश्वासाच्या बाबतींत नापास
Transliteration: viśvāsācyā bābatī̃t nāpās
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: ἀδόκιμοι περὶ τὴν πίστιν
Category: Apostasy
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:8).
Evil Men Impostors
Approved rendering: जादूगार
Transliteration: jādūgār
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: πονηροὶ ἄνθρωποι καὶ γόητες
Category: Apostasy
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:13). Render as ‘religious charlatan/deceiver,’ not a mere stage magician; regional folk-magic categories are a live cultural reference point in Konkan.
Deceiving And Being Deceived
Approved rendering: फटवप आनी फटो जावप
Transliteration: fatavap āṇi fato jāvap
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: πλανῶντες καὶ πλανώμενοι
Category: Apostasy
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:13).
Soldier Athlete Farmer Metaphor
Approved rendering: शिपाय / स्पर्धेंत भाग घेवप / शेतकार
Transliteration: śipāy / spardhẽt bhāg ghevap / śetkār
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Original: στρατιώτης / ἀθλέω / γεωργός
Category: Perseverance
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:3-6). The soldier metaphor requires care not to romanticize literal violence — it is about single-minded loyalty to Christ as commanding officer.
Fought Good Fight Finished Race
Approved rendering: बरें झूज केलां / धांव पुराय केल्या
Transliteration: bare jhūj kelā̃ / dhā̃v purāy kelyā
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Original: τὸν καλὸν ἀγῶνα ἠγώνισμαι / τὸν δρόμον τετέλεκα
Category: Perseverance
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:7). Summary triad immediately preceding the crown of righteousness (4:8).
Reprove Rebuke Sharply
Approved rendering: दोष दाखोवप / सज्जड ताकीद दिवप
Transliteration: dos dākhovap / sajjaḍ tākīd divap
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: ἔλεγξον / ἐπιτίμησον
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:2).
Patience Toward People
Approved rendering: धीरज
Transliteration: dhīraj
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: μακροθυμία
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:2). Keep distinct from सहनशीलता (endurance under trial/suffering); this is patience toward people.
Evangelist
Approved rendering: सुवार्तिक
Transliteration: suvārtik
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: εὐαγγελιστής
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:5). Built on baseline सुवार्ता root for consistency.
Ministry Service
Approved rendering: सेवाकाम
Transliteration: sevākām
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: διακονία
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:5). Consistent with the Romans baseline’s ‘Christ-Centered Ministry’ root.
Fulfill Fully
Approved rendering: पुराय करप
Transliteration: purāy karap
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: πληροφορέω
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:5). Echoed by 4:7’s ‘I have finished the race’.
Sober Minded
Approved rendering: जागृत आसप
Transliteration: jāgṛt āsap
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: νήφω
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:5). Disciplined spiritual alertness given the coming apostasy will be seductive.
Itching Ears
Approved rendering: कान खाजोवपाची चटक
Transliteration: kān khājovpācī caṭak
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: κνηθόμενοι τὴν ἀκοήν
Category: Apostasy
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:3). Idiom — natural Konkani phrase conveying appetite for flattering novelty, not literal word-for-word rendering.
Mercy
Approved rendering: दया
Transliteration: dayā
Doctrine: Deity and Lordship of Christ (greeting formula)
Rejected alternatives: कृपा (conflated with grace)
Original: ἔλεος
Category: God
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 1:2, 1:16, 1:18, shown to Onesiphorus). Must be distinguished from कृपा (grace, unmerited favor toward the guilty); here it is personal divine compassion toward the needy/suffering.
Self Control
Approved rendering: संयम
Transliteration: samyam
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holy Living
Original: σωφρονισμός
Category: Sanctification
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 1:7), part of the fourfold Spirit-gift contrasted with a spirit of cowardice.
Spirit Of Fear Vs Power
Approved rendering: भ्यांवपण (विरुद्ध) सामर्थ्य, मोग आनी संयम
Transliteration: bhyā̃vpaṇ (viruddha) sāmarthya, mog āṇi samyam
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Original: πνεῦμα δειλίας / πνεῦμα δυνάμεως καὶ ἀγάπης καὶ σωφρονισμοῦ
Category: Sanctification
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 1:7). Grounds Timothy’s courage to preach and suffer in the Spirit’s gift, not natural temperament. Reuses baseline सामर्थ्य and new मोग/संयम.
Full Knowledge Of Truth
Approved rendering: सत्याचें पूर्ण ज्ञान
Transliteration: satyāce pūrṇa jñān
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: ἐπίγνωσις ἀληθείας
Category: Apostasy
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:25), the goal of God-granted repentance, reversing the false teachers’ distortion.
Devil
Approved rendering: सैतान
Transliteration: saitān
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: διάβολος
Category: God
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:26). Singular personal cosmic adversary, distinct from generic folk-belief spirits/ghosts (भूत/पिशाच) common in regional Konkani folklore.
Lords Servant
Approved rendering: प्रभूचो दास
Transliteration: prabhūco dās
Doctrine: Ministerial Character and Gentleness in Correction
Original: δοῦλος κυρίου
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:24). Willing, honorable belonging to Christ, not social slavery or caste-servant status.
Ashamed
Approved rendering: लज्जित जावप
Transliteration: lajjit jāvap
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Original: ἐπαισχύνομαι
Category: Perseverance
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 1:8, 1:12, 1:16). Should carry social-courage weight given honor/shame sensitivities already flagged in the baseline AI requirements.
Testimony
Approved rendering: साक्ष
Transliteration: sākṣ
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Original: μαρτύριον
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 1:8). Witness borne about the gospel/the Lord that may cost suffering.
Hymenaeus And Philetus
Approved rendering: हुमेनाय आनी फिलेत
Transliteration: humenāy āṇi philet
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: Ὑμέναιος καὶ Φίλητος
Category: Apostasy
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:17-18). Named false teachers claiming the resurrection had already happened; the attached doctrinal claim carries Critical risk (see resurrection_already_happened_false_teaching).
Low Risk Terms
Exhort
Approved rendering: उत्तेजन देणें
Transliteration: uttejan denẽ
Doctrine: Ministerial Character and Gentleness in Correction
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 2 Timothy 4:2 in the ‘encourage/build up’ sense, paired with correction to guard against harshness.
Profitable
Approved rendering: उपयोगी
Transliteration: upayogī
Doctrine: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: ὠφέλιμος
Category: Scripture
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:16). Standard term, minimal ambiguity.
In Season Out Of Season
Approved rendering: वेळार वा अवेळार
Transliteration: veḷār vā aveḷār
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: εὐκαίρως ἀκαίρως
Category: Ministry
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:2).
Snare
Approved rendering: सापण
Transliteration: sāpaṇ
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: παγίς
Category: Apostasy
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:26).
Purpose Of God
Approved rendering: हेतू
Transliteration: hetū
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: πρόθεσις
Category: God
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 1:9). Connects to baseline देवाची तरतूद (providence).
Timothy
Approved rendering: तिमथी
Transliteration: timathī
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum. Occurs throughout, the letter’s addressee.
Paul
Approved rendering: पौल
Transliteration: paul
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 1:1). Established transliteration per AI requirements standard.
Lois
Approved rendering: लोइस
Transliteration: lois
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 1:5).
Eunice
Approved rendering: युनिके
Transliteration: yunike
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 1:5).
Onesiphorus
Approved rendering: वनेसिफोर
Transliteration: vanesiphor
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 1:16, 4:19).
Hymenaeus Name
Approved rendering: हुमेनाय
Transliteration: humenāy
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:17). See hymenaeus_and_philetus for the doctrinal case-study entry.
Philetus Name
Approved rendering: फिलेत
Transliteration: philet
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 2:17).
Jannes Name
Approved rendering: यान्नेस
Transliteration: yānnes
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:8).
Jambres Name
Approved rendering: यांब्रेस
Transliteration: yāmbres
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:8).
Demas Name
Approved rendering: देमास
Transliteration: demās
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:10). See demas_loved_present_age for the doctrinal case-study entry.
Crescens
Approved rendering: क्रेस्केस
Transliteration: krerkes
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:10).
Titus
Approved rendering: तीत
Transliteration: tīt
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:10).
Tychicus
Approved rendering: तुखिक
Transliteration: tukhik
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:12).
Carpus
Approved rendering: कार्प
Transliteration: kārp
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:13).
Alexander
Approved rendering: अलेक्सांद्र
Transliteration: aleksāndra
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:14), ‘Alexander the coppersmith’.
Prisca
Approved rendering: प्रिस्का
Transliteration: priskā
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:19).
Aquila
Approved rendering: अक्विला
Transliteration: akvilā
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:19).
Eubulus
Approved rendering: युबुल
Transliteration: yubul
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:21).
Pudens
Approved rendering: पुदेस
Transliteration: pudes
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:21).
Linus
Approved rendering: लीन
Transliteration: līn
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:21).
Claudia
Approved rendering: क्लौदिया
Transliteration: klaudiyā
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:21).
Mark Name
Approved rendering: मार्क
Transliteration: mārk
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:11).
Luke Name
Approved rendering: लूक
Transliteration: lūk
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 4:11).
Place Names Ch3v11
Approved rendering: अंत्युखिया, इकुनिया, लुस्त्रा
Transliteration: antyukhiyā, ikuniyā, lustrā
Doctrine: Proper Name
New to this curriculum (2 Timothy 3:11), Antioch, Iconium, Lystra — sites of Paul’s persecutions witnessed by Timothy.
Referenced passages