Cross-Reference Analysis
09 — Cross-Reference Analysis: James, Full Book
Methodology and Scope
This document catalogs every Old Testament quotation, allusion, and typological pattern in James, chapter by chapter (1–5), together with messianic references, New Testament parallels (especially within Romans, already covered by the baseline Language Package, and secondarily within the other curricula named in this project’s tag list: Matthew, Mark, Luke, Acts, John, 1–2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1–2 Thessalonians, 1–2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon). Every chapter of James is represented; James is a short, densely allusive letter, and no chapter lacks OT background.
Citation format used in this analysis document: normalized English-style Book Chapter:Verse (e.g., “Genesis 15:6”, “Galatians 2:16”) for cross-referencing and scholarly traceability. This is distinct from the destination-facing citation format required by 12_ai_translation_requirements.md for actual Konkani curriculum text, which uses the Konkani/Marathi Bible-tradition book-name form (e.g., “रोमकारांक 3:23”). A citation key mapping the two systems is provided in Appendix A.
Risk-tier column (“Translation Sensitivity”) follows the same four-tier scale as doctrine_risk_registry.json (Critical / High / Medium / Low), applied here specifically to the cross-reference/quotation-handling risk, not to the underlying doctrine as a whole (though the two frequently coincide).
PART A — Cross-Reference Matrix, Chapter by Chapter
Chapter 1
| James Passage | Theme | Related Character | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James 1:1 | Greeting; Dispersion; corporate identity | (author: James); addressees: “twelve tribes” | Allusion: Deuteronomy 28:25, 30:4; Isaiah 11:12 (scattered Israel regathering hope). NT parallel: Romans 1:1 (author self-designates δοῦλος, “servant”) | Medium — requires OT diaspora background gloss for low-OT-literacy audience; establish rendering of δοῦλος (दास) consistently with Romans 1:1’s servant self-designation, not yet in baseline TM — flag for TM addition. |
| James 1:5 | Wisdom from Above (first mention) | Solomon (typological background, not named) | Typology: 1 Kings 3:9-12 (Solomon’s request for wisdom, granted by God without reproach) | Medium — reinforces that wisdom is a freely granted gift, not an achievement; resonant with कृपा (grace) framing. |
| James 1:10-11 | Trials; transience of wealth | rich person (unnamed) | Allusion: Isaiah 40:6-7; Psalm 103:15-16 (flesh/grass withers) | Medium — grass-withers imagery is agriculturally intuitive in Konkani context; must not be read as a cyclical nature-metaphor evoking संसार (avoid conflating transience with the rebirth cycle). |
| James 1:12 | Trials; eschatological reward | — | NT parallel: Revelation 2:10 (“crown of life”); background: general wisdom-reward pattern (cf. Proverbs 3:13-18) | Medium — मुकुट (crown) imagery must be clarified as eschatological reward, not deity ornamentation (cf. regional temple iconography). |
| James 1:17 | God’s unchanging goodness; Wisdom/Trials doctrine support | — | Allusion: Genesis 1:14-18 (God as maker of the heavenly lights) | Medium — “Father of lights” (ज्योतींचो पिता) must be distinguished from lamp/आरती devotional light-ritual imagery. |
| James 1:19 | Taming the Tongue (anticipatory) | — | Wisdom-tradition parallel (not direct quotation): Proverbs 29:20; Ecclesiastes 5:2 | Low. |
| James 1:23-25 | Faith and Works (anticipatory); doer vs. hearer | — | NT parallel: 2 Corinthians 3:18 (mirror image, transformative beholding); Matthew 7:24-27 (Sermon on the Mount, hearer/doer, house on rock/sand) | High — directly seeds the ch.2 “faith and works” argument; consistent rendering of “doer of the word” (वचन पाळणारो) required at both occurrences (1:22,25) and echoed conceptually in 2:14-26. |
| James 1:27 | Worldliness vs. Friendship with God (anticipatory); “pure religion” | orphans, widows | Allusion: Deuteronomy 10:18; Isaiah 1:17; Zechariah 7:10 (covenant care for the vulnerable as the marker of true devotion) | Critical — देवसेवा (never धर्म or भक्ती) rendering must be locked before Phase 2; see Cross-Reference Note 5 in 08_core_glossary.md. |
Chapter 2
| James Passage | Theme | Related Character | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James 2:1 | Favoritism and the Poor; implicit Deity/Lordship of Christ | Jesus Christ (“Lord of glory”) | NT parallel: 1 Corinthians 2:8 (“Lord of glory,” identical title) | Critical — ties directly to baseline’s Deity of Christ / Lordship of Christ doctrines (गौरव, प्रभू); James does not re-argue Christ’s deity but assumes it, consistent with Romans/1 Corinthians. |
| James 2:5 | Favoritism and the Poor | — | Allusion: Deuteronomy 7:6-8 (God’s choosing of the insignificant/poor); NT parallel: 1 Corinthians 1:26-29 (God chose what is low and despised) | High — reinforces baseline’s Universal Human Accountability / anti-caste-hierarchy framing; God’s choosing is not merit-based (देवाची निवड, baseline Election term family). |
| James 2:8 | Favoritism and the Poor; “royal law” | — | Direct quotation: Leviticus 19:18 (“You shall love your neighbor as yourself”) | Critical — same OT verse quoted in Romans 13:9, Galatians 5:14, Matthew 22:39, Mark 12:31. MUST render identically across all curricula sharing this quotation; see Rendering-Consistency Rule 1 below. |
| James 2:11 | Favoritism and the Poor; law and sin | — | Direct quotation: Exodus 20:13-14 / Deuteronomy 5:17-18 (Decalogue: adultery, murder) | Critical — same commandments quoted in Romans 13:9. MUST render identically; see Rendering-Consistency Rule 2. |
| James 2:13 | Favoritism and the Poor; mercy | — | Allusion: Micah 6:8; Hosea 6:6 (mercy over sacrifice); NT parallel: Matthew 5:7 (Beatitudes, “blessed are the merciful”) | Medium. |
| James 2:14-26 | Faith and Works (core passage) | Abraham, Rahab | See full verse-by-verse treatment in 07_semantic_analysis.md Part A | Critical throughout — see below for OT quotations within this unit. |
| James 2:19 | Faith and Works; monotheism | — | Allusion: Deuteronomy 6:4 (the Shema, “the LORD is one”) | Critical — reuse baseline देव with exclusivity marker (एकच खरो देव); this is the single most minimal true confession possible, which James shows is insufficient alone. |
| James 2:21 | Faith and Works; typology of costly obedience | Abraham, Isaac | Typological allusion: Genesis 22:1-14 (the binding of Isaac) | Critical — foundational to the whole doctrine; broader biblical theology (outside this letter’s own argument) also sees this as a type anticipating God’s own offering of the Son (cf. Genesis 22:2 “your only son” / John 3:16), though James’s own argument does not draw that connection explicitly — flag as available but non-mandatory typological enrichment for teaching notes. |
| James 2:23 | Faith and Works; imputed righteousness | Abraham | Direct quotation: Genesis 15:6 (“Abraham believed God, and it was counted to him as righteousness”) | Critical — identical clause quoted in Romans 4:3 and Galatians 3:6. MUST render identically across all three; see Rendering-Consistency Rule 3 (the single highest-priority consistency rule in this document). |
| James 2:23 | Faith and Works; covenant intimacy | Abraham | Allusion: 2 Chronicles 20:7; Isaiah 41:8 (“Abraham my friend”) | High — देवाचो इश्ट; distinct from guru-devotee/bhakta-devata relational categories. |
| James 2:25 | Faith and Works; Gentile/outsider inclusion | Rahab | Typological/narrative allusion: Joshua 2:1-21; 6:17,22-25 | High — parallel with Hebrews 11:31 (a book not yet in this project’s curriculum list, but likely a future addition given the tag list’s breadth); reinforces Unity of Jews and Gentiles / anti-caste doctrine alongside Abraham. |
Chapter 3
| James Passage | Theme | Related Character | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James 3:1 | Taming the Tongue; teacher accountability | — | Background parallel: Ezekiel 33:1-9 (watchman’s accountability, structurally analogous to stricter judgment on teachers) | Low-Medium. |
| James 3:6 | Taming the Tongue; hell/Gehenna | — | Background allusion: 2 Kings 23:10; Jeremiah 7:31-32; 19:2-6 (Valley of Hinnom, historical child-sacrifice site later used as NT’s image of final judgment) | High — γέεννα must be transliterated (गेहेन्ना) with gloss, never bare नरक, per 07_semantic_analysis.md. |
| James 3:9 | Favoritism/Tongue; human dignity | — | Direct allusion: Genesis 1:26-27 (“made in the likeness of God”) | High — foundational to the wrongness of cursing any person of any caste/status; reinforces Universal Human Accountability. |
| James 3:11-12 | Taming the Tongue; nature illustrations | — | Wisdom-tradition parallel (no single OT quotation); NT parallel: Matthew 7:16-20 (“you will recognize them by their fruits”) | Low. |
| James 3:17-18 | Wisdom from Above; fruit of righteousness | — | Allusion: Proverbs 11:30 (“the fruit of the righteous is a tree of life”); Isaiah 32:17 (the effect of righteousness is peace) | Medium — reuses baseline नीतिमत्ता; ties peace (शांती) to its theological, not merely social, sense here (distinct from 2:16’s hollow-platitude usage). |
Chapter 4
| James Passage | Theme | Related Character | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James 4:4 | Worldliness vs. Friendship with God | — | Prophetic marriage-covenant background: Hosea 1-3; Ezekiel 16; Jeremiah 3:1-10 (spiritual adultery/covenant unfaithfulness imagery) | High — व्यभिचारी must be marked as covenant metaphor, not a literal accusation, and connected (for teaching notes) to the OT prophetic marriage-covenant tradition rather than treated as an isolated NT image. |
| James 4:5 | Worldliness vs. Friendship with God | — | Disputed/unclear OT citation — no exact match exists in the Hebrew or LXX canon; candidate background texts include Exodus 20:5, Genesis 6:3-5, Zechariah 8:2 (divine jealousy for covenant loyalty) | High — flag for translator note acknowledging textual uncertainty; render the Spirit’s “yearning” as protective covenant jealousy, a positive relational claim, and explicitly distinguish from any narrative of rivalrous jealousy among competing deities found in regional devotional literature. |
| James 4:6 | Worldliness vs. Friendship with God; Grace | — | Direct quotation: Proverbs 3:34 (“God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble”) | Critical — same quotation appears in 1 Peter 5:5, a book not yet in this project’s curriculum but named in the broader NT canon; lock the Konkani rendering now for future reuse. Reuses baseline कृपा; contrast with proud self-sufficiency must be preserved. See Rendering-Consistency Rule 4. |
| James 4:8 | Worldliness vs. Friendship with God | — | Allusion: Zechariah 1:3; Malachi 3:7 (“return to me, and I will return to you”) | Medium. |
| James 4:13-14 | Patience/Providence (supporting) | — | Wisdom parallel: Proverbs 27:1 (“do not boast about tomorrow”); Ecclesiastes 6:12 | Medium — ties to baseline providence doctrine (देवाची तरतूद); must not read as fatalistic resignation. |
Chapter 5
| James Passage | Theme | Related Character | OT/NT Connection | Translation Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James 5:1-6 | Favoritism/Worldliness (warning to rich) | — | Prophetic oracle parallel: Amos 8:4-6; Isaiah 5:8-9; Isaiah 3:14-15; Micah 2:1-2 | High — economic-justice/class parallel resonant with Goa’s own caste- and class-consciousness; must not be softened. |
| James 5:2-3 | Worldliness; transience of wealth | — | Allusion: Isaiah 51:8 (moth-eaten imagery); NT parallel: Matthew 6:19-20 (treasures on earth vs. heaven) | Medium. |
| James 5:4 | Favoritism/Worldliness; divine title | — | Direct legal allusion: Leviticus 19:13; Deuteronomy 24:14-15 (withheld wages “cry out”); title echo: Isaiah 1:9 (κύριος Σαβαώθ, LXX) | Critical — see Rendering-Consistency Rule 5: the exact Greek title κύριος Σαβαώθ (“Lord of Sabaoth/hosts”) also occurs in Romans 9:29, quoting Isaiah 1:9. This is a direct textual link to the Romans baseline curriculum, not merely a thematic echo, and requires identical Konkani treatment. |
| James 5:7-8 | Patience and the Lord’s Return | farmer (illustrative) | Agricultural allusion: Deuteronomy 11:14; Joel 2:23 (early and latter rains) | Medium. |
| James 5:9 | Patience and the Lord’s Return; eschatological Judge | — | NT parallel: Matthew 24:33 (“he is near, at the very gates”); implicit Christology (Christ as Judge) | High — न्यायाधीश must carry the note that this is the divine Judge (Christ), not a human magistrate. |
| James 5:10 | Patience and the Lord’s Return | unnamed prophets | General prophetic-tradition reference (e.g., Jeremiah, Isaiah, Elijah as patterns of suffering endurance) | Low-Medium. |
| James 5:11 | Trials and the Testing of Faith; Patience | Job | Typology: Job 1:1-2:10; 42:10-17; direct allusion: Psalm 103:8; Exodus 34:6 (“the Lord is compassionate and merciful”) | Medium — इयोबाची स्थिरता; Job as the paradigmatic sufferer whose endurance is met with God’s compassionate outcome, not karmic desert. |
| James 5:12 | Confession and Restoration (supporting); truthful speech | — | NT parallel: Matthew 5:33-37 (Sermon on the Mount, “let your yes be yes”); OT background: Ecclesiastes 5:4-5 (vow-making caution) | Low. |
| James 5:14-15 | Prayer and Healing | elders | NT parallel: Mark 6:13 (anointing with oil in healing ministry) | Critical — see 08_core_glossary.md Section G; बरें करप (not तारण), उठोवप (not पुनरुत्थान). |
| James 5:16 | Confession and Restoration; Prayer | — | Background: Psalm 32:3-5 (the relief of confessed sin); Leviticus 5:5 (OT confession-and-restitution pattern, non-sacramental) | High — पापांची कबुली दिवप must be marked as mutual/horizontal, distinct from Catholic sacramental confession to a priest. |
| James 5:17-18 | Prayer and Healing; Patience | Elijah | Typology/narrative allusion: 1 Kings 17:1; 18:1, 41-45 (Elijah’s prayer for drought and rain) | Medium — Elijah “was a man with a nature like ours” (5:17) — deliberately deflates any elevated guru/saint-intercessor status; prayer’s power is from God, not the pray-er’s spiritual attainment. |
| James 5:20 | Confession and Restoration; Salvation (soteriological σῴζω) | — | Allusion: Proverbs 10:12 (“love covers all offenses”) | High — parallel to 1 Peter 4:8 (future curriculum); reuses तारण-family for “save a soul from death” per 07_semantic_analysis.md. |
PART B — Messianic References
Unlike Romans (which opens with an extended messianic/Davidic-covenant Christological statement, Romans 1:2-4), James’s Christology is comparatively understated and largely assumed rather than argued. Only two verses name “Jesus Christ” directly (James 1:1; 2:1), yet several passages carry implicit messianic and Christological weight:
| Passage | Messianic/Christological Content | Connection |
|---|---|---|
| James 1:1 | ”servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ” — Jesus placed alongside God the Father as joint object of James’s service | Parallel to Romans 1:1’s opening self-designation; establishes exclusive Lordship from the letter’s first line. |
| James 2:1 | ”our Lord Jesus Christ, the Lord of glory” | Direct parallel to 1 Corinthians 2:8; ties to baseline Deity of Christ (ख्रिस्ताचें देवपण) and Glory (गौरव) doctrines. Must render गौरव consistently, never तेज-based light imagery (per baseline caution re: Shantadurga iconography). |
| James 5:7-9 | ”the coming of the Lord” (παρουσία), “the Judge is standing at the door” | The letter’s clearest eschatological-messianic material: Christ’s future, personal, bodily return and role as final Judge. Must be framed as a single still-future event, never a repeatable/cyclical avatar-descent, per the same logic as the baseline’s Incarnation caution (Mahalasa Narayani/Mardol temple risk). |
| James 5:14-15 | prayer “in the name of the Lord” for healing | Implicit Christological mediation — healing sought through Christ’s name, not independent ritual efficacy or priestly/saintly intercession. |
Notable curriculum-design observation: James assumes a Christology already established elsewhere (consistent with Romans 1:2-4’s fuller treatment) rather than re-arguing it. Teaching materials for James should therefore actively cross-reference the Romans curriculum’s Christological groundwork (Davidic Covenant, Incarnation, Deity of Christ, Sonship of Christ, Resurrection of Christ, Lordship of Christ) rather than treating James’s Christology as freestanding.
PART C — Typology
| Type (OT Figure/Event) | James Passage | Typological Function | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abraham offering Isaac | James 2:21 | Type of costly, faith-evidencing obedience | Genesis 22:1-14. Broader biblical theology (not argued within James itself) also reads this event as anticipating the Father’s giving of the Son (Genesis 22:2, “your only son,” cf. John 3:16) — available as supplementary teaching material, not required for the Faith and Works doctrine itself, which uses Abraham strictly as an example of faith-evidencing action. |
| Rahab the outsider | James 2:25 | Type of Gentile/outsider inclusion by faith-evidencing action | Joshua 2, 6. Reinforces, alongside Abraham, that genuine faith and its accompanying works transcend ethnic, social, and (for this audience) caste categories. |
| Job | James 5:11 | Type of the righteous sufferer whose endurance under undeserved trial is met by God’s compassionate, non-karmic response | Job 1-2, 42. Directly reinforces Trials and the Testing of Faith; God’s response to Job is compassion and restoration, not merit-repayment. |
| Elijah | James 5:17-18 | Type of the “ordinary” believer whose prayer, offered in righteousness, is powerfully effective — deliberately NOT a type of an elevated spiritual-authority figure | 1 Kings 17-18. James 5:17 explicitly notes Elijah “was a man with a nature like ours,” undercutting any guru-like or saint-intercessor reading. |
| The Twelve Tribes / Dispersion | James 1:1 | Corporate-identity typology: the scattered, testing-refined people of God | Deuteronomy 28-30; Isaiah 11:12. Sets the whole letter’s frame as address to a people under testing, echoed structurally by the trials-doctrine that opens ch.1. |
PART D — Cross-Curriculum Parallels (Especially Romans)
D.1 — Direct, verbatim-quotation overlaps requiring identical rendering
| OT Source | Quoted In (Romans) | Quoted In (James) | Also Quoted In (other tagged curricula, for future consistency) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genesis 15:6 | Romans 4:3 | James 2:23 | Galatians 3:6 (Galatians is in this project’s curriculum tag list) |
| Leviticus 19:18 | Romans 13:9 | James 2:8 | Galatians 5:14; Matthew 22:39; Mark 12:31 (Matthew, Mark, Galatians all in tag list) |
| Exodus 20:13-14 / Deuteronomy 5:17-18 (adultery, murder) | Romans 13:9 | James 2:11 | — |
| Isaiah 1:9 (“Lord of Sabaoth”) | Romans 9:29 | James 5:4 | — |
| Proverbs 3:34 | (not in Romans) | James 4:6 | 1 Peter 5:5 (not yet in tag list; lock rendering now for future-proofing) |
D.2 — Thematic (non-verbatim) parallels
- Faith and righteousness thread: Romans 1:17 quotes Habakkuk 2:4 (“the righteous shall live by faith”) as its thesis; James 2:14-26 does not quote Habakkuk but addresses the same underlying question (what is the relationship between faith and a righteous life) using the Abraham narrative directly. Curriculum designers should cross-link Romans 1:17/4 and James 2:14-26 explicitly in teaching notes as two apostolic answers to one question, not competing ones — this is precisely the tension already flagged as Critical in
07_semantic_analysis.md. - δικαιόω/justification: the same Greek verb is central to Romans 3-4 (forensic sense) and James 2:14-26 (demonstrative/vindication sense). See Rendering-Consistency Rule 3 below.
- σῴζω/save, soteriological vs. non-soteriological senses: Romans uses σῴζω consistently in the soteriological sense; James uniquely also uses it for physical healing (5:15). This dual usage is internal to James and does not create a Romans-parallel tension, but the disambiguation rule (तारण vs. बरें करप) must be applied consistently whenever both curricula are studied together.
- δοῦλος (“servant”) self-designation: Romans 1:1 (Paul) and James 1:1 (James) both open with the author’s self-designation as Christ’s δοῦλος. Recommend locking दास as the shared Konkani rendering (not yet present in baseline TM; propose for addition).
- Sermon on the Mount affinities (Matthew, in this project’s tag list): James shows extensive material affinity with Matthew 5-7, including: poverty/riches reversal (James 1:9-11 // Matthew 5:3; 6:19-24), mercy (James 2:13 // Matthew 5:7), hearer/doer and the two builders (James 1:22-25 // Matthew 7:24-27), judging others (James 4:11-12 // Matthew 7:1-5), asking God for good gifts (James 1:5,17; 4:2-3 // Matthew 7:7-11), oaths (James 5:12 // Matthew 5:33-37), and treasures on earth (James 5:1-3 // Matthew 6:19-20). These are not verbatim OT quotations but should be flagged for the Matthew curriculum team as high-value cross-referencing material when that package reaches this stage.
- Wisdom-literature affinity (1 Corinthians, in tag list): James’s treatment of earthly vs. heavenly wisdom (ch.3) parallels 1 Corinthians 1:18-2:16’s contrast of worldly and Spirit-given wisdom; James 2:5’s “poor… rich in faith” parallels 1 Corinthians 1:26-29.
Rendering-Consistency Rules for Shared Quotations
These rules bind Phase 2 translation of James and must also be retrofitted, where applicable, into any future Phase 2 work on Romans, Galatians, Matthew, or Mark within this same Konkani Language Package, per the Theological Consistency Rules already established in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
- Genesis 15:6 (quoted in Romans 4:3, Galatians 3:6, James 2:23): the Konkani rendering of the quoted clause itself — “believed God, and it was counted/credited to him as righteousness” — must be verbatim identical in all three locations: …अब्राहामान देवाचेर विश्वास दवरलो, आनी ती गजाल ताका नीतिमत्ता म्हणून आरोपित जाली (using विश्वास, नीतिमत्ता, आरोपित नीतिमत्ता exactly per baseline). Any James-specific interpretive gloss distinguishing James’s demonstrative/vindication sense of δικαιόω from Romans’ forensic sense must be placed in the surrounding study-note/footnote apparatus, never inside the quoted Scripture text itself.
- Leviticus 19:18 (quoted in Romans 13:9, Galatians 5:14, James 2:8; paralleled in Matthew 22:39, Mark 12:31): lock a single Konkani rendering of “you shall love your neighbor as yourself” — तुजा शेजाऱ्यार तुजा सारकोच मोग कर — for reuse verbatim across every curriculum in this project that quotes this verse.
- Exodus 20:13-14 / Deuteronomy 5:17-18 (quoted in Romans 13:9, James 2:11): lock consistent renderings for “you shall not commit adultery” (व्यभिचार करूं नाका) and “you shall not murder” (खून करूं नाका) across both curricula.
- Proverbs 3:34 (quoted in James 4:6; future 1 Peter 5:5): lock देव गर्विश्ठांक विरोध करता, पूण लीन जाल्ल्यांक कृपा दिता now, reusing baseline कृपा exactly, for reuse when the 1 Peter package (or any future package quoting this verse) is developed.
- Isaiah 1:9 / “Lord of Sabaoth” (quoted in Romans 9:29, James 5:4): lock the transliterated title प्रभू सबाथ with the same explanatory gloss (“सैन्यांचो प्रभू,” Lord of Hosts/Armies) in both Romans 9:29 and James 5:4. This is a direct textual link within the existing Romans baseline and must not be independently re-decided by the James translation team.
- δικαιόω/justification family, all forms (Romans 3-4; James 2:14-26): reuse baseline नीतिमान ठरवणें as the root rendering in every case; James occurrences additionally require the mandatory vindication-sense gloss described in
07_semantic_analysis.mdand08_core_glossary.md, attached as translator/reviewer note, not embedded in the base term itself. - δοῦλος/“servant” (Romans 1:1, James 1:1): propose दास as the shared rendering; submit for addition to the shared translation memory before Phase 2 begins on either book if not already present.
Appendix A — Citation Key: English Book Names → Konkani Book Names
The following table gives the Konkani/Marathi Bible-tradition book names needed to render this document’s OT/NT citations in the destination-facing format required by 12_ai_translation_requirements.md. Entries marked “established” are already attested in the baseline package; entries marked “proposed” are inferred from standard Konkani/Marathi Bible Society convention and should be confirmed against the published Konkani Bible Society Old Testament text before Phase 2 use.
| English | Konkani | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Genesis | उत्पत्ती | established (baseline) |
| Exodus | निर्गम | proposed |
| Leviticus | लेवीय | proposed |
| Deuteronomy | अनुवाद | proposed |
| Joshua | यहोशवा | proposed |
| 1 Kings | १ राजांचें पुस्तक | proposed |
| Job | इयोब | proposed (character name reused as book name) |
| Psalms | स्तोत्रसंहिता | established (baseline) |
| Proverbs | नीतिसूत्रां | proposed |
| Ecclesiastes | उपदेशक | proposed |
| Isaiah | यशया | established (baseline) |
| Jeremiah | यिर्मया | proposed |
| Ezekiel | येहेज्केल | proposed |
| Hosea | होशेय | proposed |
| Joel | योएल | established (baseline) |
| Amos | आमोस | proposed |
| Micah | मिखा | proposed |
| Habakkuk | हबकूक | established (baseline) |
| Zechariah | जखऱ्या | proposed |
| Malachi | मलाखी | proposed |
| 2 Chronicles | २ इतिहास | proposed |
| Romans | रोमकारांक | established (baseline) |
| James (this epistle) | याकोब | proposed — same root as OT Jacob (याकोब); NT/OT ambiguity is resolved by book-context in standard practice, as in Hindi/Marathi; flag Low risk, note only. |
| Matthew | मत्तय | proposed |
| Mark | मार्क | proposed |
| 1 Corinthians | १ करिंथकारांक | proposed |
| Galatians | गलतीकारांक | proposed |
Book names marked “proposed” require Phase 2 sign-off from a native-speaker reviewer with access to the Konkani Bible Society’s published OT/NT text before being treated as final.
This document extends and must be read alongside 07_semantic_analysis.md and 08_core_glossary.md. See 10_biblical_theme_map.md for the letter’s overall theme architecture and its wider biblical-theological connections.