Core Glossary
Core Glossary: 2 Corinthians — English → Konkani
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing theological term identified in analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md, organized by the eight curriculum doctrines. Terms already fixed by the baseline Romans translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json are marked REUSED and their recorded rendering is carried over unchanged — never re-argued or substituted. New terms specific to 2 Corinthians are marked NEW and given full risk justification for addition to translation memory.
Section 1 — Terms Reused Exactly from the Romans Baseline
| English Term | Konkani | Transliteration | Risk | Status | 2 Corinthians Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gospel | सुवार्ता | suvārtā | High | REUSED | 2:12; 4:3-4; 9:13; 10:14; 11:4,7 |
| Grace | कृपा | kṛpā | High | REUSED | 1:2,12; 4:15; 6:1; 8:1,9; 9:8,14; 12:9; 13:14 |
| Faith | विश्वास | viśvās | High | REUSED | 1:24; 4:13; 5:7; 8:7; 10:15; 13:5 |
| Righteousness | नीतिमत्ता | nītimattā | Critical | REUSED | 3:9; 5:21; 6:7,14; 9:9-10; 11:15 |
| Salvation | तारण | tāraṇ | Critical | REUSED | 1:6; 6:2; 7:10 |
| Apostle | प्रेषित | preṣit | Medium | REUSED (extended: see खोटे प्रेषित, NEW below) | 1:1; 8:23; 11:5,13; 12:11-12 |
| Called / Calling | बोलावलेले / बोलावणें | bolāvlele / bolāvaṇẽ | High | REUSED | (background to 1:1 apostleship framing) |
| Holy | पवित्र | pavitra | High | REUSED | 1:1 (“saints”); 7:1; 13:12 |
| Saints | पवित्र जन | pavitra jan | High | REUSED | 1:1; 8:4; 9:1,12; 13:12 |
| Sanctification | पवित्रीकरण | pavitrīkaraṇ | High | REUSED | 7:1 (holiness pursuit) |
| Resurrection | पुनरुत्थान | punaruthān | Critical | REUSED | 4:14; 5:15 |
| Lord | प्रभू | prabhū | Critical | REUSED | throughout, e.g. 1:2-3; 3:17-18; 4:5,14; 5:11; 8:9; 12:1,8; 13:14 |
| Son of God / Christ | देवाचो पुत्र / ख्रिस्त | devāco putra / khrist | Critical | REUSED | 1:19; 5:19; 11:2-3 |
| Incarnation (conceptual anchor) | देहधारण | dehadhāraṇ | Critical | REUSED, extended | 8:9 (“became poor” — voluntary self-giving, not repeatable descent) |
| Peace | शांती | śāntī | Medium | REUSED | 13:11 |
| Thanksgiving | धन्यवाद | dhanyavād | Low | REUSED | 1:11; 2:14; 4:15; 8:16; 9:11-12,15 |
| Fellowship | सहभागिता | sahabhāgitā | Low | REUSED | 6:14; 8:4; 9:13; 13:14 |
| Church | मंडळी | maṇḍaḷī | Medium | REUSED | 1:1; 8:1,18-19,23-24; 11:8,28; 12:13 |
| Law | नियमशास्त्र | niyamaśāstra | High | REUSED | 3:6-7 (contextually “old covenant,” see NEW: letter अक्षर) |
| Sin | पाप | pāp | High | REUSED | 5:21; 11:7 |
| Gentiles / nations | परराष्ट्रीय | pararāṣṭrīya | Medium | REUSED | (background; Paul’s gentile mission context) |
| Glory | गौरव | gaurav | High | REUSED | 3:7-11,18; 4:4,6,15,17; 8:19,23 |
| Power of God | देवाचें सामर्थ्य | devāce sāmarthya | High | REUSED | 4:7; 6:7; 12:9; 13:4 |
| Prophet / Prophecy | संदेष्टा / भविष्यवाणी | sandeṣṭā / bhaviṣyavāṇī | Low | REUSED | 3:12-18 (background, Moses) |
| Covenant | करार | karār | High | REUSED | 3:6,14 |
| Election | देवाची निवड | devācī nivaḍ | High | REUSED | (background, God’s sovereign choice of ministers) |
| Intercession | मध्यस्थी | madhyasthī | Medium | REUSED | 1:11 (prayer support) |
| Providence | देवाची तरतूद | devācī tartūd | High | REUSED | 12:7-9 (God’s sovereign permission of the thorn) |
| Mission | सुवार्ता प्रसार | suvārtā prasār | Medium | REUSED | 10:14-16 |
| David | दावीद | dāvīd | Low | REUSED | (not directly named in 2 Cor; retained for consistency) |
| Israel | इस्राएल | isrāel | Medium | REUSED | 3:7,13 |
| Jesus | येशू | yeśū | Critical | REUSED | throughout |
| God | देव | dev | Critical | REUSED (always with exclusivity marker in load-bearing contexts) | throughout |
| Holy Spirit | पवित्र आत्मा | pavitra ātmā | Critical | REUSED | 1:22; 3:3,6,8,17-18; 5:5; 13:14 |
| Father | पिता | pitā | Critical | REUSED | 1:2-3; 6:18 |
| Exhort | उत्तेजन देणें / विनवणी | uttejan denẽ / vinavaṇī | Low/High (context-sensitive) | REUSED, extended (see सांत्वन, NEW) | 1:4; 5:20; 6:1; 7:6-7,13; 10:1; 13:11 |
| Imputed Righteousness | आरोपित नीतिमत्ता | āropit nītimattā | Critical | REUSED (conceptual parallel; see हिशोबांत धरिनासतना, NEW) | 5:19,21 |
Section 2 — New Terms: Reconciliation with God
| English Term | Konkani | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Alternatives Rejected | Reference(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reconciliation | समेट | samet | Critical | Reconciliation with God | सलोखा (implies negotiated peace between equal parties); जुळवणी (mere adjustment, too weak) | 5:18-20 | God is always the initiating, acting subject; humans are the reconciled party, never co-authors of the reconciliation. |
| To reconcile | समेट करप | samet karap | Critical | Reconciliation with God | — | 5:18-19 | |
| Be reconciled (passive imperative) | देवा वांगडा समेट जावचे | devā vāṅgaḍā samet jāvce | Critical | Reconciliation with God | — | 5:20 | Passive/receptive sense must be preserved; a command to receive, not to achieve. |
| Ministry of reconciliation | समेटाची सेवा | sameṭācī sevā | High | Reconciliation with God | — | 5:18 | Builds on established सेवाकाम convention. |
| Message/word of reconciliation | समेटाचो संदेश | sameṭāco sandeś | High | Reconciliation with God | — | 5:19 | |
| Not counting trespasses (imputation, negative) | हिशोबांत धरिनासतना | hiśobānt dharināsatanā | Critical | Reconciliation with God | ”माफ करप” alone (loses the specific accounting/reckoning sense) | 5:19 | Same accounting-term family as आरोपित नीतिमत्ता; must use consistent हिशोब (reckoning/account) vocabulary across Romans and 2 Corinthians. |
| Trespass | चूक / अपराध | cūk / aparādh | Medium | Reconciliation with God | पाप alone (too broad; blurs distinction from the general category of sin) | 5:19 | |
| Ambassador | ख्रिस्ताचो राजदूत | khristāco rājdūt | High | Reconciliation with God / Apostolic Authority | बरो दूत alone (loses diplomatic/authority sense); शिफारसदार (too transactional) | 5:20 | Distinct role from प्रेषित though related; conveys delegated royal representation. |
Section 3 — New Terms: New Creation in Christ
| English Term | Konkani | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Alternatives Rejected | Reference(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New creation | नवी सृष्टी | navī sṛṣṭī | Critical | New Creation in Christ | नवी उत्पत्ती (collides with the fixed Bible book-title उत्पत्ती = Genesis) | 5:17 | Must never be read as cyclical cosmic re-creation (Hindu srishti-sthiti-pralaya cycle); always taught as God’s decisive, once-for-all inbreaking new order. |
| According to the flesh | देहाप्रमाणें | dehāpramāṇẽ | High | New Creation in Christ / Sonship, Humanity of Christ | — | 5:16 | Denotes a worldly evaluative standard, not condemnation of the body itself; disambiguate from देहधारण’s positive sense of “taking on flesh.” |
| The old has passed, the new has come | जुन्यो गजाली पयस गेल्यो, नव्यो गजाली आयल्यात | junyo gajālī payas gelyo, navyo gajālī āylyāt | High | New Creation in Christ | — | 5:17 | Preserve the perfect-tense sense of a completed, abiding change. |
| In Christ | ख्रिस्तांत | khristānt | High | New Creation in Christ / Christian Identity in Christ | — | 5:17; 13:5 | Locative “-त” ending required; ties to Romans’ existing doctrine of union with Christ. |
| One died for all, therefore all died | एकल्यान सगळ्यांखातीर मरण पावलो, देखून सगळे मेले | eklyān sagḷyāṅkhātīr maraṇ pāvlo, dekhūn sagḷe mele | Critical | New Creation in Christ / Reconciliation | — | 5:14 | Substitutionary/representative logical structure must be preserved exactly. |
Section 4 — New Terms: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
| English Term | Konkani | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Alternatives Rejected | Reference(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comfort/consolation | सांत्वन | sāntvan | High | Suffering and Comfort in Ministry | दिलासा (too colloquial/secular) | 1:3-7; 7:6-7,13 | Third context-sensitive sense of the same Greek root already partly covered by “exhort” in Romans TM; God’s active, personal consolation. |
| Affliction/trouble | संकश्ट | sankashṭ | High | Suffering and Comfort in Ministry | क्लेश (collides with the technical Yoga-philosophy term for the five inner “kleshas” binding one to samsara) | 1:4,8; 4:17; 6:4; 7:5; 8:2 | External hardship in gospel ministry, not an inner defilement to be eliminated through spiritual discipline. |
| Guarantee/pledge (of the Spirit) | जामीन | jāmīn | Medium-High | Suffering and Comfort in Ministry | — | 1:22; 5:5 | Certain, binding guarantee of future resurrection inheritance. |
| Treasure in jars of clay | मातयेच्या भांड्यांतलो खजिनो | mātyecyā bhāṇḍyāntlo khajino | Medium-High | Suffering and Comfort in Ministry / Power in Weakness | — | 4:7 | Fragile vessel/surpassing-power contrast; anchors ch. 12’s climax. |
| Judgment seat of Christ | ख्रिस्ताचें न्यायासन | khristāce nyāyāsan | High | Suffering and Comfort in Ministry / Sincerity and Apostolic Authority | — | 5:10 | Personal evaluation of believers already secure in salvation, not karmic reckoning of fate. |
| Godly sorrow | देवाभशेन दुःख | devābhaśẽ duḥkh | High | Suffering and Comfort in Ministry | generic guilt/regret; ritual penance | 7:9-10 | Relational, God-oriented, productive sorrow leading to life. |
| Repentance | पश्चाताप | paścātāp | High | Suffering and Comfort in Ministry | — | 7:9-10 | Genuine inward-and-outward turning, not merit-earning ritual penance. |
| Thorn in the flesh | देहांतलो कांटो | dehāntlo kāṇṭo | Medium | Suffering and Comfort in Ministry / Power in Weakness | — | 12:7 | Preserve the text’s own deliberate ambiguity about the affliction’s nature. |
Section 5 — New Terms: The New Covenant versus the Old
| English Term | Konkani | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Alternatives Rejected | Reference(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The letter [written code] | अक्षर | akṣar | High | New Covenant versus Old | — | 3:6 | Contrasted with आत्मा (Spirit); a covenant-historical, not hermeneutical-method, contrast. |
| Veil | आवरण | āvaraṇ | Medium | New Covenant versus Old | बुरखा (carries unrelated regional religious-garment associations) | 3:13-16 | Both literal (Moses) and metaphorical (unbelieving minds) senses; removed “in Christ.” |
| Transformed (into Christ’s likeness) | रूपांतर जावप | rūpāntar javap | High | New Covenant versus Old / Sanctification | — | 3:18 | Progressive, Spirit-wrought Christlikeness; must not be confused with a deity assuming a different “roop” (avatar-adjacent form-change). |
| Temple of the living God | जिवंत देवाचें मंदीर | jivaṃt devāce mandīr | High | New Covenant versus Old / Church as God’s People | — | 6:16 | Deliberately retains मंदिर (unlike “church”/मंडळी) because the metaphor requires deity-indwelling imagery; requires a mandatory clarifying note distinguishing this from a literal Hindu temple. |
Section 6 — New Terms: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
| English Term | Konkani | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Alternatives Rejected | Reference(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sincerity/simplicity of heart | सरळपणा | saraḷpaṇā | High | Sincerity and Apostolic Authority | धूर्तपणा (its opposite, craftiness) | 1:12; 11:3 | Single-hearted, transparent motive before God, not mere social politeness. |
| To commend oneself | आपली शिफारस करप | āplī śiphāras karap | Medium | Sincerity and Apostolic Authority | — | 3:1; 5:12; 10:12,18 | Same word Romans rejected for “intercession” (too transactional) — here that transactional flavor is precisely what Paul critiques in his opponents. |
| Boasting/ground for boasting | अभिमान | abhimān | High | Sincerity and Apostolic Authority / Power in Weakness | बढाय (too colloquial) | 1:12; 5:12; 10:8,13-17; 11:10-12,16-18,30; 12:1,5-6,9 | Always anchor with context: legitimate (“in the Lord”) vs. illegitimate (“in appearance/flesh”) boasting. |
| Boldness/openness of speech | मोकळेपणा | mokḷepaṇā | Medium | Sincerity and Apostolic Authority | — | 3:12 | Openness contrasted with the veiled-speech imagery of ch. 3. |
| Conscience | विवेकबुद्धी | vivekbuddhī | Medium | Sincerity and Apostolic Authority | विवेक alone (risks pulling toward Vedantic Self-discrimination sense) | 1:12; 4:2; 5:11 | Compound form (-बुद्धी) required to keep the sense narrowed to ordinary moral conscience. |
Section 7 — New Terms: Generosity and Grace in Giving
| English Term | Konkani | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Alternatives Rejected | Reference(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gift/offering (collection) | देणगी | deṇgī | Medium | Generosity and Grace in Giving | दान preferred against (strongly associated with merit-earning charitable giving, पुण्य, in regional Hindu practice) | ch. 8-9 throughout | Where दान is unavoidable, always anchor explicitly to कृपा (grace), never merit. |
| Cheerful giver | आनंदान देणगी दिवपी | ānandān deṇgī divpī | Medium | Generosity and Grace in Giving | आनंदान दान करपी (secondary, weaker due to दान’s merit association) | 9:7 | Joy-motivated, grace-grounded giving, not obligation or merit-seeking. |
| Equality/fairness | समानता | samānatā | Low | Generosity and Grace in Giving | — | 8:13-14 | Balance among givers/receivers, not enforced sameness. |
| Indescribable gift | अवर्णनीय देणगी | avarṇanīya deṇgī | Medium | Generosity and Grace in Giving | — | 9:15 | God’s supreme gift (Christ/salvation) dwarfs and grounds human generosity. |
| Christ’s voluntary poverty | तो शार्भवंत आसतनाय, तुमचेखातीर गरीब जालो | to śārbhavaṃt āsatanāy, tumcekhātīr garīb jālo | High | Generosity and Grace in Giving / Incarnation | — | 8:9 | Connects to देहधारण; voluntary self-giving of the eternal Son, not a repeatable divine descent. |
Section 8 — New Terms: Power in Weakness
| English Term | Konkani | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Alternatives Rejected | Reference(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Power made perfect in weakness | कमजोरपणांत सामर्थ्य पुराय जाता | kamjorpaṇānt sāmarthya purāy jātā | Critical | Power in Weakness | शक्तीने पुराय जाता (forbidden शक्ती substitution) | 12:9 | Must contradict the expectation (reinforced by regional yogic/tantric siddhi tradition) that spiritual power shows itself through visible mastery; here it is displayed through acknowledged weakness. |
| Spiritual weapons / strongholds | आत्मीक हतियार / किल्लो-गड | ātmīk hatiyār / killo-gaḍ | Medium-High | Power in Weakness / Genuine vs. False Apostleship | — | 10:3-5 | Clearly metaphorical (arguments, proud reasoning); not literal violence nor occult ritual warfare practice. |
| Signs of an apostle | प्रेषितपणाचीं चिन्नां | preṣitpaṇācī cinnā | High | Power in Weakness / Genuine vs. False Apostleship | — | 12:12 | Authenticating, God-given signs tied to gospel proclamation, offered reluctantly — not siddhi-style supernatural feats proving guru mastery. |
| Paradise/heaven | स्वर्ग | svarg | Critical | Power in Weakness (context of 12:1-4 visions) | — | 12:2-4 | Must carry a clarifying note distinguishing God’s eternal dwelling from Hindu cosmology’s temporary, merit-earned Svarga-loka. |
Section 9 — New Terms: Genuine versus False Apostleship
| English Term | Konkani | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Alternatives Rejected | Reference(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| False apostles | खोटे प्रेषित | khoṭe preṣit | High | Genuine versus False Apostleship | — | 11:13 | Deceptive self-appointment, not merely “a different kind of teacher”; connects to the Romans baseline’s guru-authority caution. |
| Super-apostles (ironic) | अती-श्रेष्ठ प्रेषित | atī-śreṣṭh preṣit | High | Genuine versus False Apostleship | — | 11:5; 12:11 | Requires translator note: this is Paul’s sarcasm, not sincere praise. |
| Satan | सैतान | saitān | Critical | Genuine versus False Apostleship | असुर/राक्षस (both belong to a different Puranic cosmological framework, not absolutely and exclusively evil) | 2:11; 11:14; 12:7 | Must be understood as a singular, personal evil being opposed to God, distinct from Puranic asura/rakshasa figures. |
| Angel of light | उजवाडाचो देवदूत | ujvāḍāco devdūt | High | Genuine versus False Apostleship | — | 11:14 | Satan’s capacity for religious disguise; opponents mimic righteousness. |
| Godly jealousy | देवाची ईर्षा | devācī īrṣā | Medium | Genuine versus False Apostleship | — | 11:2 | Protective, covenant-fidelity concern, not petty envy. |
| Messenger of Satan | सैतानाचो दूत | saitānāco dūt | High | Genuine versus False Apostleship / Power in Weakness | — | 12:7 | Satanic affliction permitted under God’s sovereign purpose (REUSED देवाची तरतूद). |
Chapters Reviewed with No Additional New Theological Vocabulary
All thirteen chapters of 2 Corinthians contributed at least one new or extended term to this glossary; none required a “no new vocabulary” notation. For completeness of the full-book coverage mandate: every chapter (1 through 13) has been individually reviewed above in analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md, Part B, and every load-bearing term identified there is represented in this glossary.
Risk Summary for 2 Corinthians New Terms
| Risk Tier | Count of New/Extended Terms | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 8 (समेट, देवा वांगडा समेट जावचे, हिशोबांत धरिनासतना, नवी सृष्टी, एकल्यान सगळ्यांखातीर मरण पावलो…, कमजोरपणांत सामर्थ्य पुराय जाता, स्वर्ग, सैतान) | Human theologian |
| High | 17 | Human theologian |
| Medium | 12 | Native speaker review |
| Low | 2 | Automated review |
This glossary must be merged into a versioned update of translation_memory.json before Phase 2 segment translation begins for 2 Corinthians. All new terms above are proposed additions pending theologian review per the escalation rules in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
Critical Risk Terms
Righteousness
Approved rendering: नीतिमत्ता
Transliteration: nītimattā
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: धर्म, पुण्य, न्याय
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER धर्म. 2 Corinthians 5:21 is this curriculum’s single densest use of this term (‘so that in him we might become the righteousness of God’); must be paired with the imputed-righteousness accounting vocabulary (हिशोब root) established below, never softened to generic moral goodness. Also at 3:9; 6:7,14; 9:9-10; 11:15.
Justification
Approved rendering: नीतिमान ठरवणें
Transliteration: nītimān ṭharavaṇẽ
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: क्षमा मेळप, पुण्य कमावप
Inherited from Romans package. Not a direct lexical occurrence in 2 Corinthians, but the underlying forensic doctrine directly undergirds 5:19-21’s reconciliation/imputation argument; retained for cross-curriculum consistency.
Salvation
Approved rendering: तारण
Transliteration: tāraṇ
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: मुक्ती, मोक्ष, सुटका
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER मुक्ती or मोक्ष. Occurs at 2 Corinthians 1:6; 6:2; 7:10 — 7:10’s contrast between godly sorrow ‘leading to salvation’ and worldly sorrow ‘leading to death’ must not read as karmic destiny resolution.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: पुनरुत्थान
Transliteration: punaruthān
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: पुनर्जन्म, पुनर्जीवन
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER पुनर्जन्म. Occurs at 2 Corinthians 4:14; underlies 5:15’s ‘raised’.
Lord
Approved rendering: प्रभू
Transliteration: prabhū
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: स्वामी, मालक
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs throughout 2 Corinthians (1:2-3; 3:17-18; 4:5,14; 5:11; 8:9; 12:1,8; 13:14). 3:17’s ‘the Lord is the Spirit’ requires careful handling so प्रभू is not read as collapsing the Son and Spirit’s distinct persons into one; render as Christ’s Spirit-mediated lordship, not modalistic identity.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: देवाचो पुत्र
Transliteration: devāco putra
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: देवाचो अंश, देवपुरुष
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Invoked at 2 Corinthians 1:19.
Messiah
Approved rendering: मसीहा
Transliteration: masīhā
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Rejected alternatives: अभिषिक्त पुरुष, अवतारी पुरुष
Inherited from Romans package. Underlies ‘Christ’ (ख्रिस्त) as used constantly throughout 2 Corinthians as Jesus’ title; retained for cross-curriculum consistency though 2 Corinthians itself uses ख्रिस्त as a name/title rather than re-arguing the messianic identification.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: देहधारण
Transliteration: dehadhāraṇ
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: अवतार, देह प्रगट
Original: ὁ λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER अवतार. Conceptual anchor for 2 Corinthians 8:9 (‘though he was rich, he became poor’) — must be marked as a voluntary act of the one eternal Son, not a repeatable divine descent as in Mahalasa Narayani’s Mohini-avatar narrative at Mardol.
Jesus
Approved rendering: येशू
Transliteration: yeśū
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: जेजू
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER जेजू. Used throughout 2 Corinthians.
God
Approved rendering: देव
Transliteration: dev
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: भगवान
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Every doctrinally load-bearing use (especially 2 Corinthians 5:19’s ‘God was in Christ’) must carry an exclusivity marker such as ‘एकच खरो देव’. See the new god_of_this_age entry below for 4:4’s ironic use of देव for Satan, which must NOT receive this marker.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: पवित्र आत्मा
Transliteration: pavitra ātmā
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ब्रह्म, परमात्मा
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER ब्रह्म or परमात्मा. Active throughout 2 Corinthians as guarantee (1:22; 5:5), life-giver of the new covenant (3:3,6,8), source of transformation (3:17-18), and named in the closing benediction (13:14).
Father
Approved rendering: पिता
Transliteration: pitā
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: ब्रह्मा, निर्माणकार
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. God as ‘Father of mercies’ (2 Corinthians 1:3) and in the closing greeting (6:18).
Imputed Righteousness
Approved rendering: आरोपित नीतिमत्ता
Transliteration: āropit nītimattā
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: कमावलेली नीतिमत्ता
Original: ἐλογίσθη … εἰς δικαιοσύνην (cf. λογιζόμενος, 5:19)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Must share consistent हिशोब (accounting/reckoning) root vocabulary with the new हिशोबांत धरिनासतना entry below, the negative counterpart in 2 Corinthians 5:19.
Reconciliation
Approved rendering: समेट
Transliteration: samet
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Rejected alternatives: सलोखा, जुळवणी
Original: καταλλαγή
Category: Reconciliation
NEW TERM. Rejected सलोखा (implies a negotiated peace between two equal parties who each make concessions) and जुळवणी (mere adjustment, too weak). समेट must always be predicated of God as the sole initiating, acting subject; humanity is the reconciled party, never a co-author. 2 Corinthians 5:18-20.
Reconcile
Approved rendering: समेट करप
Transliteration: samet karap
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Original: καταλλάσσω
Category: Reconciliation
NEW TERM. Always rendered with God as grammatical subject: ‘देवान आमकां आपणा वांगडा समेट केला.’ 2 Corinthians 5:18-19.
Be Reconciled
Approved rendering: देवा वांगडा समेट जावचे
Transliteration: devā vāṅgaḍā samet jāvce
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Original: καταλλάγητε
Category: Reconciliation
NEW TERM. Passive imperative (5:20); the passive/receptive grammatical sense must be preserved — a command to receive an already-accomplished reconciliation, never a construction implying the hearer must perform or earn it.
Not Counting Trespasses
Approved rendering: हिशोबांत धरिनासतना
Transliteration: hiśobānt dharināsatanā
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Rejected alternatives: माफ करप (alone)
Original: μὴ λογιζόμενος αὐτοῖς τὰ παραπτώματα
Category: Reconciliation
NEW TERM. Same accounting/reckoning-term family as आरोपित नीतिमत्ता; must use consistent हिशोब root vocabulary across Romans and 2 Corinthians materials. Do not collapse into a bare ‘माफ करप’ (forgive), which loses the specific ledger sense. 2 Corinthians 5:19.
New Creation
Approved rendering: नवी सृष्टी
Transliteration: navī sṛṣṭī
Doctrine: New Creation in Christ
Rejected alternatives: नवी उत्पत्ती
Original: καινὴ κτίσις
Category: New Creation
NEW TERM. Rejected नवी उत्पत्ती (collides with the fixed Bible book-title उत्पत्ती, Genesis). Structural gap: no Konkani term marks ‘decisive, non-cyclical newness’ free of सृष्टी’s cyclical creation-preservation-dissolution (सृष्टी-स्थिती-प्रलय) associations; compensate with a mandatory translator note at every occurrence distinguishing this from a repeating cosmic cycle. 2 Corinthians 5:17.
One Died For All
Approved rendering: एकल्यान सगळ्यांखातीर मरण पावलो, देखून सगळे मेले
Transliteration: eklyān sagḷyāṅkhātīr maraṇ pāvlo, dekhūn sagḷe mele
Doctrine: Substitutionary Atonement / The Great Exchange
Original: εἷς ὑπὲρ πάντων ἀπέθανεν … οἱ πάντες ἀπέθανον
Category: Reconciliation
NEW TERM. The ‘for all … therefore all’ logical structure must be preserved exactly; do not soften to a merely exemplary or inspirational death. 2 Corinthians 5:14-15.
Power Made Perfect In Weakness
Approved rendering: कमजोरपणांत सामर्थ्य पुराय जाता
Transliteration: kamjorpaṇānt sāmarthya purāy jātā
Doctrine: Power in Weakness
Rejected alternatives: शक्तीने पुराय जाता (forbidden शक्ती substitution)
Original: δύναμις ἐν ἀσθενείᾳ τελεῖται
Category: Power in Weakness
NEW TERM. This letter’s theological climax; must directly contradict the expectation, reinforced by regional yogic/tantric siddhi traditions in which spiritual power is displayed as visible mastery, that divine power shows itself through strength. Uses REUSED सामर्थ्य, never शक्ती. 2 Corinthians 12:9.
Paradise Heaven
Approved rendering: स्वर्ग
Transliteration: svarg
Doctrine: Power in Weakness (context of Paul’s vision)
Original: παράδεισος
Category: Power in Weakness
NEW TERM. स्वर्ग carries strong prior association with Hindu cosmology’s Svarga-loka, a temporary heavenly realm reached through accumulated merit from which a soul eventually returns to the rebirth cycle; every load-bearing occurrence requires a clarifying note that this is God’s eternal dwelling, entered through Christ’s finished work, not a merit-earned way-station within saṃsāra. Optional supplementary transliteration परादीस may be used in footnoted study material only. 2 Corinthians 12:2-4.
Satan
Approved rendering: सैतान
Transliteration: saitān
Doctrine: Satan and Spiritual Deception
Rejected alternatives: असुर, राक्षस
Original: Σατανᾶς
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW TERM. Rejected असुर/राक्षस, both belonging to a distinct Puranic cosmological framework in which such beings are defeated but not absolutely and exclusively evil within the same cosmic order as the devas. सैतान must be understood as a singular, personal being wholly and exclusively opposed to God; a clarifying note at first occurrence (2:11) is recommended. Also at 11:14; 12:7.
Trinitarian Benediction
Approved rendering: प्रभू येशू ख्रिस्ताची कृपा, देवाचो मोग, आनी पवित्र आत्म्याची सहभागिता
Transliteration: prabhū yeśū khristācī kṛpā, devāco mog, āṇi pavitra ātmyācī sahabhāgitā
Doctrine: Trinitarian Benediction
Original: ἡ χάρις τοῦ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, καὶ ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ θεοῦ, καὶ ἡ κοινωνία τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος
Category: God
NEW combined term drawing on REUSED कृपा, NEW मोग, REUSED सहभागिता, and REUSED पवित्र आत्मा. The threefold structure naming Father, Son, and Spirit together must not be flattened, reordered, or have any person’s name dropped; this is one of Scripture’s clearest implicit affirmations of the Trinity. 2 Corinthians 13:14.
God Of This Age
Approved rendering: ह्या युगाचो देव
Transliteration: hyā yugāco dev
Doctrine: Satan and Spiritual Deception / Deity of Christ (by contrast)
NEW TERM. 2 Corinthians 4:4 applies ‘god’ ironically/derisively to Satan (‘the god of this age has blinded the minds of unbelievers’). A mandatory translator note is required at every occurrence stating explicitly that this phrase names Satan’s false, usurped, temporary claim to worship — never the one true God (एकच खरो देव) — and that this use of देव must be kept visibly distinct from 4:6’s देव (which describes the true God and must carry the exclusivity marker). NEVER apply the exclusivity marker to this occurrence.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: सुवार्ता
Transliteration: suvārtā
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: बरी खबर, शुभवर्तमान
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package (established Konkani/Marathi-family Bible term, distinct from Hindi’s सुसमाचार; Romi Konkani Catholic tradition uses ‘Vangel’ instead, out of scope here). In 2 Corinthians occurs at 2:12; 4:3-4; 9:13; 10:14; 11:4,7 — 4:3-4’s ‘veiled to unbelievers’ language must read as spiritual blindness to a true announcement, not as one teaching hidden among several esoteric ones (a live risk given regional guru traditions of graded/secret disclosure to advanced disciples).
Grace
Approved rendering: कृपा
Transliteration: kṛpā
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: कर्मफळ, पुण्य, नशीब
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. In 2 Corinthians extended to describe the grace evident in generous giving (8:1,9; 9:8,14) and in the closing benediction (13:14); must never drift toward दान/पुण्य merit-giving logic, since Goan Hindu almsgiving practice treats generosity as merit-accumulating religious duty.
Faith
Approved rendering: विश्वास
Transliteration: viśvās
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: श्रद्धा, भक्ती
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs in 2 Corinthians at 1:24; 4:13; 5:7; 8:7; 10:15; 13:5 (‘examine yourselves, whether you are in the faith’). Never भक्ती.
Called
Approved rendering: बोलावलेले
Transliteration: bolāvlele
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: आमंत्रित
Inherited from Romans package. Background to the apostleship framing of 2 Corinthians 1:1.
Calling
Approved rendering: बोलावणें
Transliteration: bolāvaṇẽ
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: आमंत्रण
Inherited from Romans package; retained for cross-curriculum consistency, no direct new occurrence requiring re-analysis in 2 Corinthians.
Holy
Approved rendering: पवित्र
Transliteration: pavitra
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: शुद्ध, निर्मळ
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs in 2 Corinthians at 1:1 (‘saints’); 7:1; 13:12.
Saints
Approved rendering: पवित्र जन
Transliteration: pavitra jan
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: संत, भक्त
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Never संत (Varkari bhakti-poet category). In 2 Corinthians occurs at 1:1; 8:4; 9:1,12; 13:12; the giving context of chs. 8-9 raises a secondary risk that पवित्र जन could be heard, by association with संत’s devotional-veneration connotation, as naming an object of devotional offering rather than material aid among equally-status believers — reinforce in chs. 8-9 with an explicit gloss identifying ‘saints’ as ‘the believing church in Jerusalem’.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: पवित्रीकरण
Transliteration: pavitrīkaraṇ
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: शुद्धीकरण
Original: ἁγιασμός
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 2 Corinthians 7:1 (‘bringing holiness to completion’).
Law
Approved rendering: नियमशास्त्र
Transliteration: niyamaśāstra
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: धर्म, कायदो
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER धर्म. Occurs at 2 Corinthians 3:6-7 in the old-covenant/new-covenant contrast.
Sin
Approved rendering: पाप
Transliteration: pāp
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: अधर्म, अशुद्धता
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. 5:21’s ‘made him sin’ requires a mandatory translator note (judicial/representative sense, not a claim that Christ’s own moral character became sinful). Also at 11:7.
Glory
Approved rendering: गौरव
Transliteration: gaurav
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: तेज, देवीतेज
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. गौरव preferred over तेज-based imagery to avoid conflation with Shantadurga-style divine-luster iconography. Central to the old covenant/new covenant glory contrast of 2 Corinthians chapter 3 (3:7-11,18) and the ‘eternal weight of glory’ of chapter 4 (4:4,6,15,17; 8:19,23).
Power Of God
Approved rendering: देवाचें सामर्थ्य
Transliteration: devāce sāmarthya
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: शक्ती
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER शक्ती, given its strong Shantadurga/Mahalasa Shakta-goddess associations in Goa — this risk intensifies in 2 Corinthians because 12:9 makes power-through-weakness the letter’s theological climax. Occurs at 4:7; 6:7; 12:9; 13:4.
Covenant
Approved rendering: करार
Transliteration: karār
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: समजूत
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. In 2 Corinthians chapter 3, नवो करार (new covenant) functions as active theological argument (3:6,14), not merely the fixed ‘New Testament’ book-section label — translators must render it as a live doctrinal claim in context.
Election
Approved rendering: देवाची निवड
Transliteration: devācī nivaḍ
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: नशीब, प्रारब्ध
Original: ἐκλογή
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Background to the legitimacy of Paul’s and his ministers’ commissioning throughout 2 Corinthians; no direct new occurrence requiring re-analysis.
Providence
Approved rendering: देवाची तरतूद
Transliteration: devācī tartūd
Doctrine: Providence
Rejected alternatives: नशीब, प्रारब्ध
Original: πρόνοια (cf. 12:7-9’s permitted thorn)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Never नशीब/प्रारब्ध. Governs 2 Corinthians 12:7-9’s account of God’s sovereign permission of Paul’s ‘thorn in the flesh’.
Ministry Of Reconciliation
Approved rendering: समेटाची सेवा
Transliteration: sameṭācī sevā
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Original: διακονία τῆς καταλλαγῆς
Category: Reconciliation
NEW TERM. Builds on the established सेवाकाम ministry convention (Romans doctrine registry’s ‘ख्रिस्त-केंद्रीत सेवाकाम’). 2 Corinthians 5:18.
Word Of Reconciliation
Approved rendering: समेटाचो संदेश
Transliteration: sameṭāco sandeś
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Original: λόγος τῆς καταλλαγῆς
Category: Reconciliation
NEW TERM. The gospel content entrusted to the apostles concerning accomplished reconciliation. 2 Corinthians 5:19.
Ambassador
Approved rendering: ख्रिस्ताचो राजदूत
Transliteration: khristāco rājdūt
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God / Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Rejected alternatives: बरो दूत, शिफारसदार
Original: πρεσβεύω
Category: Reconciliation
NEW TERM. राजदूत (king’s envoy) chosen over a bare दूत, which the Romans baseline reserved against confusing with प्रेषित; conveys delegated royal representation of Christ’s reign, distinct from independent guru-style teaching authority. 2 Corinthians 5:20.
According To The Flesh
Approved rendering: देहाप्रमाणें
Transliteration: dehāpramāṇẽ
Doctrine: New Creation in Christ / Christian Identity in Christ
Original: κατὰ σάρκα
Category: New Creation
NEW TERM. Denotes a worldly evaluative standard, not condemnation of the body itself (a real risk given the prestige of body-denying asceticism in Goan Hindu/Jain-influenced practice). Shares a root with देहधारण (Incarnation); always disambiguate the two distinct senses by context. 2 Corinthians 5:16.
Old Passed New Come
Approved rendering: जुन्यो गजाली पयस गेल्यो, नव्यो गजाली आयल्यात
Transliteration: junyo gajālī payas gelyo, navyo gajālī āylyāt
Doctrine: New Creation in Christ
Original: τὰ ἀρχαῖα παρῆλθεν … γέγονεν καινά
Category: New Creation
NEW TERM. Must preserve the perfect-tense sense of a completed, abiding change, not a temporary or repeatable state. 2 Corinthians 5:17.
Love Of Christ
Approved rendering: मोग
Transliteration: mog
Doctrine: Christology (motive of ministry) / Trinitarian Benediction
Original: ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ Χριστοῦ
Category: Christology
NEW TERM. मोग is the established Konkani word for love, distinct from Marathi प्रेम. Must denote selfless, sacrificial divine love, never romantic love nor the devotional madhurya (romantic/erotic) love of regional Krishna-bhakti poetry. Always anchor with ‘ख्रिस्ताचो मोग’ in doctrinal contexts. 2 Corinthians 5:14; named again as God’s love in the closing benediction, 13:14.
Comfort
Approved rendering: सांत्वन
Transliteration: sāntvan
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
Rejected alternatives: दिलासा
Original: παράκλησις / παρακαλέω
Category: Suffering and Comfort
NEW TERM (third context-sensitive sense of the same Greek root already partly covered by REUSED ‘exhort’). Must not be reduced to secular ‘cheering up’; this is God’s own active, personal consolation. 2 Corinthians 1:3-7; 7:6-7,13.
Affliction
Approved rendering: संकश्ट
Transliteration: sankashṭ
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
Rejected alternatives: क्लेश
Original: θλῖψις
Category: Suffering and Comfort
NEW TERM. Rejected क्लेश, the technical Yoga-philosophy term for the five inner ‘kleshas’ (avidyā, asmitā, rāga, dveṣa, abhiniveśa) binding a person to saṃsāra; using it would wrongly frame Paul’s external, gospel-related suffering as an inner defilement to be eliminated through yogic discipline. 2 Corinthians 1:4,8; 4:17; 6:4; 7:5; 8:2.
Judgment Seat Of Christ
Approved rendering: ख्रिस्ताचें न्यायासन
Transliteration: khristāce nyāyāsan
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
Original: βῆμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ
Category: Suffering and Comfort
NEW TERM. न्याय-rooted vocabulary risks sounding like impersonal karmic law; must be explicitly taught as personal evaluation of believers already secure in salvation, not karmic reckoning determining fate or rebirth. 2 Corinthians 5:10.
Godly Sorrow
Approved rendering: देवाभशेन दुःख
Transliteration: devābhaśẽ duḥkh
Doctrine: Godly Sorrow and Repentance
Original: λύπη κατὰ θεόν
Category: Suffering and Comfort
NEW TERM. Must be distinguished from generic guilt-feeling, ritual penance, or fatalistic resignation; this sorrow is relational (toward God) and productive of life-giving change, not merit-restoration. 2 Corinthians 7:9-10.
Repentance
Approved rendering: पश्चाताप
Transliteration: paścātāp
Doctrine: Godly Sorrow and Repentance
Original: μετάνοια
Category: Suffering and Comfort
NEW TERM (formalized from established Konkani/Marathi Christian vocabulary; did not appear standalone in the Romans TM). Must denote genuine inward-and-outward turning to God, not a ritual act of penance performed to earn merit or remove karmic debt. 2 Corinthians 7:9-10.
Letter Written Code
Approved rendering: अक्षर
Transliteration: akṣar
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: γράμμα
Category: New Covenant
NEW TERM. Must not be flattened to a ‘literal vs. mystical reading’ hermeneutical-method contrast; this is a covenant-historical contrast between the Mosaic law’s written code and the Spirit’s life-giving new-covenant ministry. 2 Corinthians 3:6.
Transformed
Approved rendering: रूपांतर जावप
Transliteration: rūpāntar javap
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old / Sanctification
Original: μεταμορφόω
Category: New Covenant
NEW TERM. Given the established regional sensitivity around अवतार/deity-form-taking, must be anchored explicitly to progressive Spirit-wrought Christlikeness over time, never a single mythic transformation or a deity assuming a different ‘roop’ as in Puranic avatar narratives. 2 Corinthians 3:18.
Temple Of The Living God
Approved rendering: जिवंत देवाचें मंदीर
Transliteration: jivaṃt devāce mandīr
Doctrine: Church as the Temple of the Living God
Original: ναὸς θεοῦ ζῶντος
Category: Church
NEW TERM. Deliberately retains मंदिर (unlike मंडळी, which avoids मंदिर/देऊळ) because the metaphor requires deity-indwelling imagery; requires a mandatory translator note distinguishing this metaphorical corporate ‘temple’ from a literal Hindu मंदिर/देऊळ. 2 Corinthians 6:16.
Sincerity
Approved rendering: सरळपणा
Transliteration: saraḷpaṇā
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Rejected alternatives: धूर्तपणा
Original: εἰλικρίνεια / ἁπλότης
Category: Apostleship
NEW TERM. Must denote single-hearted, transparent motive before God, not mere social politeness or diplomatic tact. 2 Corinthians 1:12; 11:3.
Boasting
Approved rendering: अभिमान
Transliteration: abhimān
Doctrine: Boasting in the Lord versus Boasting in the Flesh
Rejected alternatives: बढाय
Original: καύχημα / καυχάομαι
Category: Apostleship
NEW TERM. अभिमान is genuinely ambivalent in ordinary Konkani usage (sinful pride or legitimate satisfaction); Paul’s own usage deliberately trades on both senses. Every occurrence must be anchored with its qualifying phrase (‘in the Lord’ vs. ‘in appearance/flesh’), never left bare. 2 Corinthians 1:12; 5:12; 10:8,13-17; 11:10-12,16-18,30; 12:1,5-6,9.
Christs Voluntary Poverty
Approved rendering: तो शार्भवंत आसतनाय, तुमचेखातीर गरीब जालो
Transliteration: to śārbhavaṃt āsatanāy, tumcekhātīr garīb jālo
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving / Incarnation
Original: δι’ ὑμᾶς ἐπτώχευσεν πλούσιος ὤν
Category: Generosity
NEW TERM. Never abbreviate; the full ‘though rich…became poor’ reversal must be kept intact, explicitly cross-referenced to REUSED देहधारण, and framed as one voluntary act of the eternal Son, never a repeatable divine descent. 2 Corinthians 8:9.
Signs Of An Apostle
Approved rendering: प्रेषितपणाचीं चिन्नां
Transliteration: preṣitpaṇācī cinnā
Doctrine: Genuine versus False Apostleship / Power in Weakness
Original: σημεῖα τοῦ ἀποστόλου
Category: Apostleship
NEW TERM. Must not be equated with generic supernatural feats (siddhi) claimed by yogic/tantric teachers to prove spiritual mastery; these are specifically God-given authenticating signs tied to gospel proclamation, offered reluctantly. 2 Corinthians 12:12.
False Apostles
Approved rendering: खोटे प्रेषित
Transliteration: khoṭe preṣit
Doctrine: Genuine versus False Apostleship
Original: ψευδαπόστολοι
Category: Apostleship
NEW compound term built on REUSED प्रेषित. Must clearly convey deceptive self-appointment without genuine divine commissioning, not merely ‘a different kind of teacher’ — connects to the Romans baseline’s existing caution against apostleship collapsing into a generic guru-disciple authority structure; here that very risk is what Paul explicitly warns against. 2 Corinthians 11:13.
Super Apostles
Approved rendering: अती-श्रेष्ठ प्रेषित
Transliteration: atī-śreṣṭh preṣit
Doctrine: Genuine versus False Apostleship
Original: ὑπερλίαν ἀπόστολοι
Category: Apostleship
NEW TERM. Requires a mandatory translator note: this phrase is Paul’s sarcasm, never his genuine assessment, and must not be rendered so as to read as sincere praise of the rival teachers. 2 Corinthians 11:5; 12:11.
Angel Of Light
Approved rendering: उजवाडाचो देवदूत
Transliteration: ujvāḍāco devdūt
Doctrine: Satan and Spiritual Deception
Original: ἄγγελος φωτός
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW TERM. Warns that deceptive teachers mimic righteousness itself, following their master’s own disguise strategy — must not be softened to generic moral failure or underselling the specifically religious nature of the disguise. 2 Corinthians 11:14.
Messenger Of Satan
Approved rendering: सैतानाचो दूत
Transliteration: saitānāco dūt
Doctrine: Satan and Spiritual Deception / Power in Weakness
Original: ἄγγελος Σατανᾶ
Category: Spiritual Warfare
NEW TERM built on REUSED सैतान. Satanic affliction occurs under God’s sovereign purpose (REUSED देवाची तरतूद). 2 Corinthians 12:7.
Christ In You
Approved rendering: ख्रिस्त तुमचेभितर आसा
Transliteration: khrist tumcebhitar āsā
Doctrine: Christian Identity in Christ
Original: Χριστὸς ἐν ὑμῖν
Category: New Creation
NEW TERM connecting directly to the Romans baseline’s ‘Christian Identity in Christ’ doctrine and to 5:17’s ‘in Christ.’ 2 Corinthians 13:5.
Belial
Approved rendering: बलियाल
Transliteration: baliyāl
Doctrine: Satan and Spiritual Deception
Rejected alternatives: दुष्टाचो अधिपती
NEW TERM. Transliterated proper name (2 Corinthians 6:15), unique to this letter among Paul’s epistles; requires mandatory gloss ‘सैतानाचें एक नांव’ (a name for Satan). Rejected दुष्टाचो अधिपती (lord of evil) as inventing an unanchored independent title; transliteration with gloss is safer and consistent with सैतान’s own transliteration precedent.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: प्रेषित
Transliteration: preṣit
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: दूत, गुरू
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. In 2 Corinthians the office becomes contested (11:5,13; 12:11-12); the base term stays Medium risk, but see खोटे प्रेषित and अती-श्रेष्ठ प्रेषित below, which are High risk because of the deception/irony they carry.
Peace
Approved rendering: शांती
Transliteration: śāntī
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: सुख, समाधान
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 2 Corinthians 13:11 in the closing exhortation.
Church
Approved rendering: मंडळी
Transliteration: maṇḍaḷī
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: देऊळ, मंदिर
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Never देऊळ/मंदिर for the congregation itself, EXCEPT the deliberate metaphorical exception at 2 Corinthians 6:16 (जिवंत देवाचें मंदीर, see separate entry below), which names God’s indwelling presence, not the ordinary word for ‘congregation’. Occurs at 1:1; 8:1,18-19,23-24; 11:8,28; 12:13.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: परराष्ट्रीय
Transliteration: pararāṣṭrīya
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: विदेशी
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Background to Paul’s Gentile-focused ministry throughout 2 Corinthians; no direct new occurrence requiring re-analysis.
Intercession
Approved rendering: मध्यस्थी
Transliteration: madhyasthī
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Rejected alternatives: शिफारस
Original: ἔντευξις (cf. δέομαι, 1:11)
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Referenced at 2 Corinthians 1:11 (Paul’s request for prayer support).
Mission
Approved rendering: सुवार्ता प्रसार
Transliteration: suvārtā prasār
Doctrine: Mission to the Nations
Rejected alternatives: मिशन
Original: ἀποστολή / πέμπω
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. In 2 Corinthians 10:14-16, Paul’s boundary-respecting mission language (‘not boasting in another’s territory’) should be framed as a model of restrained, non-coercive proclamation, consistent with the Goa Inquisition-era sensitivity already documented in the Romans baseline.
David
Approved rendering: दावीद
Transliteration: dāvīd
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: דָּוִד
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Not directly named in 2 Corinthians but retained for cross-curriculum terminology consistency.
Israel
Approved rendering: इस्राएल
Transliteration: isrāel
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: יִשְׂרָאֵל
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Referenced in the Moses narrative at 2 Corinthians 3:7,13.
Trespass
Approved rendering: चूक / अपराध
Transliteration: cūk / aparādh
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Original: παράπτωμα
Category: Sin
NEW TERM. Distinguish from the broader, REUSED पाप (sin); both may appear together in the same passage without contradiction. 2 Corinthians 5:19.
Guarantee Pledge
Approved rendering: जामीन
Transliteration: jāmīn
Doctrine: Assurance through the Spirit’s Guarantee
Original: ἀρραβών
Category: Suffering and Comfort
NEW TERM. Emphasize as a certain, binding guarantee of the believer’s future resurrection inheritance, not a revocable or partial promise. 2 Corinthians 1:22; 5:5.
Treasure In Jars Of Clay
Approved rendering: मातयेच्या भांड्यांतलो खजिनो
Transliteration: mātyecyā bhāṇḍyāntlo khajino
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry / Power in Weakness
Original: θησαυρὸς ἐν ὀστρακίνοις σκεύεσιν
Category: Suffering and Comfort
NEW TERM. Preserve the fragility/surpassing-power contrast; anchors chapter 12’s power-in-weakness climax. 2 Corinthians 4:7.
Thorn In The Flesh
Approved rendering: देहांतलो कांटो
Transliteration: dehāntlo kāṇṭo
Doctrine: Power in Weakness
Original: σκόλοψ τῇ σαρκί
Category: Power in Weakness
NEW TERM. Preserve the text’s own deliberate ambiguity about the affliction’s precise nature; do not resolve it to a single specific ailment. 2 Corinthians 12:7.
Veil
Approved rendering: आवरण
Transliteration: āvaraṇ
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Rejected alternatives: बुरखा
Original: κάλυμμα
Category: New Covenant
NEW TERM. Rejected बुरखा, which carries unrelated regional religious-garment associations. Preserve the fading-glory contrast (3:7-11) and the veil’s removal ‘in Christ’ (3:14,16). 2 Corinthians 3:13-16.
Self Commendation
Approved rendering: आपली शिफारस करप
Transliteration: āplī śiphāras karap
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Original: συνίστημι
Category: Apostleship
NEW TERM. Same word the Romans baseline rejected for ‘intercession’ (शिफारस, too transactional/patronage-flavored); here that same transactional flavor is precisely the self-promoting pattern Paul critiques in his opponents. This is a deliberate reuse-with-inverted-valence, not an inconsistency with the Romans registry. 2 Corinthians 3:1; 5:12; 10:12,18.
Boldness Of Speech
Approved rendering: मोकळेपणा
Transliteration: mokḷepaṇā
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Original: παρρησία
Category: Apostleship
NEW TERM. Openness contrasted with the veiled-speech imagery of 2 Corinthians chapter 3. 2 Corinthians 3:12.
Conscience
Approved rendering: विवेकबुद्धी
Transliteration: vivekbuddhī
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Rejected alternatives: विवेक (alone)
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Apostleship
NEW TERM. विवेक alone risks pulling toward the Vedantic philosophical sense of discriminative awareness distinguishing the Self (Ātman) from non-Self; the compound -बुद्धी suffix is mandatory and non-optional to narrow this to ordinary moral conscience. 2 Corinthians 1:12; 4:2; 5:11.
Gift Offering
Approved rendering: देणगी
Transliteration: deṇgī
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Rejected alternatives: दान (primary use rejected)
Original: λογεία / χάρις / δωρεά (the Jerusalem collection)
Category: Generosity
NEW TERM. देणगी preferred over दान, which in regional Hindu practice is strongly associated with merit-earning charitable giving (पुण्य). Where दान is unavoidable, always anchor it explicitly to REUSED कृपा, never left to imply merit. 2 Corinthians chapters 8-9 throughout.
Cheerful Giver
Approved rendering: आनंदान देणगी दिवपी
Transliteration: ānandān deṇgī divpī
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Rejected alternatives: आनंदान दान करपी
Original: ἱλαρὸς δότης
Category: Generosity
NEW TERM. Joy-motivated, grace-grounded giving, not obligation or merit-seeking; keep paired with कृपा-language in surrounding lesson text. 2 Corinthians 9:7.
Indescribable Gift
Approved rendering: अवर्णनीय देणगी
Transliteration: avarṇanīya deṇgī
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Original: ἀνεκδιήγητος δωρεά
Category: Generosity
NEW TERM. God’s supreme gift of Christ/salvation, which grounds and dwarfs human generosity; connects to REUSED कृपा and तारण. 2 Corinthians 9:15.
Spiritual Weapons Strongholds
Approved rendering: आत्मीक हतियार / किल्लो
Transliteration: ātmīk hatiyār / killo
Doctrine: Power in Weakness / Spiritual Warfare against False Teaching
Original: ὅπλα … οὐ σαρκικά / ὀχυρώματα
Category: Power in Weakness
NEW TERM. Must be clearly metaphorical (proud arguments and reasoning against the knowledge of God), not literal violence, and not confused with occult ‘spiritual warfare’ ritual practice (exorcistic ritual, protective charms) found in regional folk religion. 2 Corinthians 10:3-6.
Godly Jealousy
Approved rendering: देवाची ईर्षा
Transliteration: devācī īrṣā
Doctrine: Genuine versus False Apostleship
Original: ζῆλος θεοῦ
Category: Apostleship
NEW TERM. Must be distinguished from ordinary petty envy in secular usage; anchor to Paul’s covenant-fidelity concern for the church’s exclusive devotion to Christ, ‘as a pure virgin’ betrothed to one husband. 2 Corinthians 11:2.
Unequally Yoked
Approved rendering: विजोड जुवाळ
Transliteration: vijoḍ juvāḷ
Doctrine: Church as the Temple of the Living God / Separation from Compromising Partnership
Original: ἑτεροζυγέω
Category: Church
NEW TERM. Preserve the agricultural picture where possible; pair with a brief explanatory gloss for readers unfamiliar with yoke imagery. Must not be over-applied to caste-endogamy debates, given Goa’s own caste-conscious social history — scope strictly to the partnership/allegiance sense Paul intends. 2 Corinthians 6:14.
Fragrance Of Christ
Approved rendering: ख्रिस्ताचो सुवास
Transliteration: khristāco suvās
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Original: εὐωδία Χριστοῦ
Category: Apostleship
NEW TERM. Preserve the sacrificial/incense background without implying literal ritual incense-offering as practiced in regional temple worship; frame as pleasing-to-God imagery attached to gospel proclamation, not cultic ritual. 2 Corinthians 2:15-16.
Self Examination
Approved rendering: आपणाकूच परीक्षा करप
Transliteration: āpaṇākuc parīkṣā karap
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority / Christian Identity in Christ
Original: ἑαυτοὺς πειράζετε / δοκιμάζετε
Category: Sincerity
NEW TERM. Frame as honest inward faith-assessment, not ascetic self-punishment or ritual purification practice. 2 Corinthians 13:5.
Low Risk Terms
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: धन्यवाद
Transliteration: dhanyavād
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Recurs at 2 Corinthians 1:11; 2:14; 4:15; 8:16; 9:11-12,15.
Fellowship
Approved rendering: सहभागिता
Transliteration: sahabhāgitā
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: इश्टागत, समाज
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 2 Corinthians 6:14; 8:4; 9:13; 13:14 (trinitarian benediction).
Prophet
Approved rendering: संदेष्टा
Transliteration: sandeṣṭā
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: ज्योतिषी
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Background to the Moses narrative of 2 Corinthians chapter 3.
Prophecy
Approved rendering: भविष्यवाणी
Transliteration: bhaviṣyavāṇī
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: भविष्यफळ
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Background to Old Testament citations in 2 Corinthians chapters 3 and 6.
Exhort
Approved rendering: उत्तेजन देणें / विनवणी
Transliteration: uttejan denẽ / vinavaṇī
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package (paired sense: विनवणी for entreaty). In 2 Corinthians this root also carries a third, distinct sense — comfort in affliction — captured by the new term सांत्वन below; do not conflate the three senses. Occurs at 1:4; 5:20; 6:1; 7:6-7,13; 10:1; 13:11.
Equality Fairness
Approved rendering: समानता
Transliteration: samānatā
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Original: ἰσότης
Category: Generosity
NEW TERM. Balance among givers and receivers in the collection, not enforced sameness. 2 Corinthians 8:13-14.
Titus
Approved rendering: तीत
Transliteration: tīt
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
NEW proper name transliteration, per Bible Society of India Devanagari conventions. Paul’s delegate for the Jerusalem collection and reconciliation with the Corinthian church (2 Corinthians 2:13; 7:6-16; 8:6,16-23; 12:18).
Timothy
Approved rendering: तिमथी
Transliteration: timathī
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
NEW proper name transliteration. Co-sender of the letter (2 Corinthians 1:1,19).
Corinth
Approved rendering: करिंथ
Transliteration: karinth
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
NEW proper name transliteration. Addressee city of the letter (2 Corinthians 1:1); citation form, not to be confused with the book-name convention रोमकारांक used for Romans.
Macedonia
Approved rendering: मासेदोनिया
Transliteration: māsedoniyā
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
NEW proper name transliteration. Region of the exemplary giving churches (2 Corinthians 8:1-5; 9:2,4).
Achaia
Approved rendering: अखाया
Transliteration: akhāyā
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
NEW proper name transliteration. Regional church grouping named alongside Corinth (2 Corinthians 1:1; 9:2).
Troas
Approved rendering: त्रोवास
Transliteration: trovās
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
NEW proper name transliteration. Site of Paul’s restless ministry travel narrative (2 Corinthians 2:12).
Damascus
Approved rendering: दमास्कुस
Transliteration: damāskus
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
NEW proper name transliteration. Site of Paul’s escape narrative, cited as evidence of genuine suffering for the gospel (2 Corinthians 11:32).
Aretas
Approved rendering: अरेतस
Transliteration: aretas
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
NEW proper name transliteration. Historical king referenced in Paul’s catalogue of sufferings (2 Corinthians 11:32).
Silvanus
Approved rendering: सिलवान
Transliteration: silvān
Doctrine: Genuine versus False Apostleship
NEW proper name transliteration. Co-preacher named as a witness to Paul’s trustworthy, non-‘yes-and-no’ message (2 Corinthians 1:19).
Referenced passages