Core Glossary
Core Glossary: Jude (English → Konkani)
This glossary collects every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md across the whole book of Jude (a single 25-verse chapter). Terms already fixed in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked [BASELINE REUSE] and their recorded rendering is repeated here unchanged — it must never be altered for this curriculum. New terms introduced for Jude follow the same risk-tier methodology (Critical / High / Medium / Low) as the baseline and are proposed for addition to translation memory following the version-increment procedure in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
Risk tier definitions (inherited from baseline doctrine_risk_registry.json):
- Critical — mistranslation destroys essential doctrine; human theologian review required for every occurrence.
- High — significant theological confusion or syncretism risk; human theologian review required.
- Medium — reduces clarity but preserves essential meaning; native speaker review recommended.
- Low — minor imprecision; automated review sufficient.
A. Baseline Terms Reused Exactly (no deviation permitted)
| English term | Original (Greek) | Konkani term | Transliteration | Risk | Jude occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| grace | χάρις | कृपा | kṛpā | High | 1:4 |
| faith | πίστις | विश्वास | viśvās | High | 1:3, 1:5, 1:20 |
| saints | ἅγιοι | पवित्र जन | pavitra jan | High | 1:3; (angelic sense) 1:14 |
| holy | ἅγιος | पवित्र | pavitra | High | 1:20, 1:24 |
| holy_spirit | πνεῦμα ἅγιον | पवित्र आत्मा | pavitra ātmā | Critical | 1:19, 1:20 |
| called | κλητός | बोलावलेले | bolāvlele | High | 1:1 |
| lord | κύριος | प्रभू | prabhū | Critical | 1:4, 1:5, 1:9, 1:14, 1:17, 1:21, 1:25 |
| jesus | Ἰησοῦς | येशू | yeśū | Critical | 1:1, 1:4, 1:17, 1:21, 1:25 |
| god | θεός | देव | dev | Critical | 1:1, 1:4, 1:21, 1:25 (must pair with exclusivity marker; 1:25 supplies model example “एकच खरो देव”) |
| father | πατήρ | पिता | pitā | Critical | 1:1 |
| apostle | ἀπόστολος | प्रेषित | preṣit | Medium | 1:17 |
| peace | εἰρήνη | शांती | śāntī | Medium | 1:2 |
| prophecy/prophesied | προφητεία / προφητεύω | भविष्यवाणी | bhaviṣyavāṇī | Low | 1:14 |
| salvation | σωτηρία | तारण | tāraṇ | Critical | 1:3 |
| glory | δόξα | गौरव | gaurav | High | 1:8 (angelic-beings sense, flagged), 1:24, 1:25 |
| israel (typological background, implied) | — | इस्राएल | isrāel | Medium | 1:5 (background reference; not named in Greek text but required for reader context) |
| sin (root, compound use) | ἁμαρτία / ἁμαρτωλός | पाप / पापी | pāp / pāpī | High | 1:15 |
| christ | Χριστός | ख्रिस्त | khrist | Critical | 1:1, 1:4, 1:17, 1:21, 1:25 |
B. New Terms Introduced for Jude
| English term | Original (Greek) | Konkani term | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine link | Alternatives rejected | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| kept / keep (theme verb) | τηρέω | राखप / राखणें | rākhap / rākhaṇẽ | Critical | Kept by God and Presented Blameless | सांबाळणें (considered, less standard in formal register) | The epistle’s central structuring verb (vv.1, 6×2, 13, 21, 24; also φυλάσσω at v.24 rendered with the same root for thematic unity). Must be rendered identically at every occurrence; flag every instance for theologian review. |
| contend (for the faith) | ἐπαγωνίζομαι | विश्वासाखातीर घट्ट उबे रावन झगडप | viśvāsākhātīr ghaṭṭ ube rāvun jhagaḍap | High | Contending for the Faith Once Delivered | लढाय करप (rejected: too militant given Goa’s Inquisition-era coercive-conversion history) | Frame as steadfast doctrinal faithfulness and proclamation, never confrontation/violence. |
| once for all delivered | ἅπαξ παραδοθείσῃ | एकदाच सोपविल्लो | ekdāc sopavillo | High | Contending for the Faith Once Delivered | दिल्लें (rejected: too weak, loses “once for all” finality) | Anchors the doctrine of a closed apostolic deposit of faith. |
| judgment / condemnation | κρίμα / κρίσις | न्याय | nyāya | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | कर्मफळ (rejected: implies impersonal karmic causation, not a personal God’s judicial verdict) | Used at 1:4, 1:6, 1:9, 1:15. |
| ungodly / ungodliness | ἀσεβής / ἀσέβεια | देवहीन / देवहीनपणा | devahīn / devahīnpaṇā | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | अधर्मी (rejected: धर्म-root reserved/forbidden per baseline for righteousness/law); अभक्त (rejected: भक्ती-root avoided per baseline’s devotional-worship caution) | Used 4× at 1:15 alone (deliberate Greek rhetorical repetition; preserve in Konkani); also 1:4, 1:18. Denotes practical defiance of the true God, not philosophical atheism. |
| master / sovereign owner | δεσπότης | धनी | dhanī | Critical | Lordship of Christ (reinforcing baseline) | मालक (considered, more commercial/secular register) | Distinct from but reinforcing प्रभू (κύριος); denotes absolute ownership as of a bondservant. |
| servant / bondservant | δοῦλος | दास | dās | Medium-High | Contending for the Faith (author’s self-identification) | नोकर (rejected: implies paid employment, not owned bondservant status) | 1:1. |
| sensuality / licentiousness | ἀσέλγεια | स्वैराचार | svairācār | Medium-High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | — | 1:4. |
| deny | ἀρνέομαι | नाकारप | nākārap | Medium-High | Lordship of Christ | — | 1:4; object (Christ’s Lordship) carries the doctrinal weight. |
| angel | ἄγγελος | देवदूत | devadūt | Medium-High | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Angels) | — | Requires exclusivity framing (“messenger of the one true God”) on first use, given देव’s baseline ambiguity. 1:6, 1:9, 1:14. |
| archangel | ἀρχάγγελος | प्रधान देवदूत | pradhān devadūt | Medium | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Angels) | — | 1:9. |
| devil | διάβολος | सैतान | saitān | Medium | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Angels) | — | Distinguish from generic regional malevolent spirits (rakshasa, etc.); this is the singular fallen adversary. 1:9. |
| eternal (fire / chains / life / ages) | αἰώνιος / αἰών | सर्वकाळचो / सर्वकाळ / काळ | sarvakāḷco / sarvakāḷ / kāḷ | Critical | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers; Kept by God; Doxology | युग (rejected for “age/ages” in 1:25: carries Hindu cyclical cosmic-age (Yuga) associations) | Must be rendered consistently across 1:6 (eternal chains), 1:7 (eternal fire), 1:13 (forever), 1:21 (eternal life), 1:25 (before all ages/forever); never suggest a reversible or cyclical state. |
| strange flesh | σὰρξ ἑτέρα | परक्या देहाचो पाठलाग | parkyā dehāco pāṭhlāg | High | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Sodom) | — | 1:7. Sensitive content; requires theologian review for pastoral and doctrinal accuracy. |
| defile (flesh) | μιαίνω | भ्रष्ट करप | bhraṣṭa karap | High | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Sodom) | — | 1:8. भ्रष्ट carries caste-purity/pollution overtones; clarify as moral, not ritual, defilement. |
| lordship / authority (rejected by false teachers) | κυριότης | प्रभूपण | prabhūpaṇ | High | Lordship of Christ | — | 1:8. Built deliberately on baseline’s प्रभू root. |
| slander / revile / blaspheme | βλασφημέω | निंदा करप | nindā karap | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | — | 1:8, 1:9, 1:10; देवनिंदा (devanindā) for blasphemy specifically directed at God/glory. |
| way of Cain, error of Balaam, rebellion of Korah (typological names) | Κάϊν, Βαλαάμ, Κόρε | काइन, बलाम, कोरह | Kāin, Balām, Korah | High | Old Testament Warnings as Types | — | 1:11. Require OT background notes for readers with low OT literacy. |
| love feasts | ἀγάπαι | प्रेमभोजन | premabhojan | High | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering (church-fellowship context) | — | 1:12. Must be distinguished from Hindu prasad (deity-offering-derived shared food), a prominent Goan devotional practice. |
| shepherding [only] themselves | ποιμαίνω (ironic) | फकत आपणाकूच पोसप | fakat āpṇākūc posap | Medium-High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | — | 1:12. Ironic reversal of shepherd imagery. |
| wandering stars | ἀστέρες πλανῆται | भोंवणारे तारे | bhõvṇāre tāre | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | — | 1:13. Avoid astrological (ज्योतिष) connotation. |
| Enoch (7th from Adam) | Ἑνώχ | हनोख | Hanokh | Medium | Fulfillment of Prophecy (extended pre-Mosaic) | — | 1:14. Requires note on extra-canonical source (1 Enoch). |
| Michael | Μιχαήλ | मीखाएल | Mīkhāel | Medium | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Angels) | — | 1:9. |
| desire / lust | ἐπιθυμία | अभिलाषा | abhilāṣā | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | वासना (rejected: carries specific Vedantic/yogic technical sense of karmic desire-impressions across lifetimes) | 1:16, 1:18. |
| complainer about one’s lot | μεμψίμοιρος | नशिबाची कागाळी करपी | naśibācī kāgāḷī karpī | Medium-High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | — | 1:16. Uses नशीब descriptively of the false teachers’ own wrong attitude; must not be confused with baseline’s caution against equating God’s providence/election with नशीब (fate). |
| worldly-minded / soulish / natural | ψυχικός | संसारीक मनाचे | sansārik manāce | High | (New anthropological term, tied to Holy Spirit doctrine) | — | 1:19. Distinguish from Hindu māyā-bound “worldly existence” (an epistemological category); this is the absence of the indwelling Holy Spirit (soteriological category). |
| cause divisions | ἀποδιορίζω | फूट घालप | phūṭ ghālap | Medium-High | Church as God’s People (baseline doctrine extended) | — | 1:19. |
| love (agapē) | ἀγάπη | मोग | mog | High | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering; Kept by God | प्रीत (considered) | 1:1 (×1, “beloved in…”), 1:2, 1:12 (love feasts), 1:21 (love of God). Distinguish from ordinary romantic/family affection and from Hindu bhakti-prema (devotional passion toward a chosen deity). |
| beloved (address) | ἀγαπητός | प्रिय | priya | Low | (address term) | — | 1:3, 1:17, 1:20. |
| mercy | ἔλεος / ἐλεέω | दया | dayā | High | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering | करुणा (rejected: strong Buddhist-compassion associations; risks generalized universal compassion rather than God’s personal covenantal mercy) | 1:2, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23. |
| wavering / doubting | διακρινόμενος | दुबावी | dubāvī | High | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering | — | 1:22. Central term of this doctrine; textual variant (ἐλεᾶτε/ἐλέγχετε) flagged for theologian review. |
| save (verb, salvific rescue) | σῴζω | तारप | tārap | Critical | Salvation (baseline-linked); Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering | सुटका (rejected: baseline reserves this for non-salvific narrative rescue only) | 1:23. Highest-stakes “save” in the epistle — rescue from final judgment/eternal fire. |
| eternal life | ζωὴ αἰώνιος | सर्वकाळचें जीण | sarvakāḷcẽ jīṇ | Critical | Kept by God and Presented Blameless (eschatological goal) | मोक्ष (rejected: liberation-from-samsara sense, explicitly forbidden per baseline Salvation entry) | 1:21. |
| blameless | ἄμωμος | निर्दोष | nirdoṣ | High | Kept by God and Presented Blameless | — | 1:24. Forensic, God-granted final standing; not karmically earned purity. |
| exultation / great joy | ἀγαλλίασις | परम आनंद | param ānand | High | Doxology and God’s Preserving Power | — | 1:24. Distinguish from Vedantic sat-chit-ānanda (impersonal metaphysical bliss); this is relational joy before a personal God. |
| Savior | σωτήρ | तारक | tārak | Critical | Doxology and God’s Preserving Power (baseline-linked) | — | 1:25. Built on तार- root shared with तारण/तारप for family consistency. |
| majesty | μεγαλωσύνη | महिमा | mahimā | High | Doxology and God’s Preserving Power | वैभव (considered alternative) | 1:25. Regional Hindu “Mahima” devotional-legend genre (Shantadurga Mahima, Mangueshi Mahima) risks assimilation; pair with exclusivity marker as in the same verse’s “एकच खरो देव.” |
| dominion / might | κράτος | सत्ता | sattā | Medium | Doxology and God’s Preserving Power | — | 1:25. Avoid political/colonial-power overtones per baseline’s kingdom_of_god caution. |
| authority | ἐξουσία | अधिकार | adhikār | Low-Medium | Doxology and God’s Preserving Power | — | 1:25. |
| Egypt | Αἴγυπτος | मिसर | Misar | Medium | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel) | — | 1:5. Established Bible-tradition proper name. |
| Sodom / Gomorrah | Σόδομα / Γόμορρα | सदोम / गमोरा | Sadom / Gamorā | Medium | Old Testament Warnings as Types (Sodom) | — | 1:7. |
| Adam | Ἀδάμ | आदाम | Ādām | Low | Old Testament Warnings as Types (background) | — | 1:14 (Enoch’s genealogical marker). |
| Jude (author/book title) | Ἰούδας | यहूदा | Yahūdā | Medium | (book identification) | — | 1:1. Distinguish by translator note from “Judas Iscariot,” who shares the same underlying Greek name in Konkani Bible tradition. |
| James | Ἰάκωβος | याकोब | Yākob | Low | (author’s brother) | — | 1:1. |
C. Cross-Reference and Consistency Requirements
- The “kept” wordplay (τηρέω/φυλάσσω → राखप/राखणें) must be rendered with the identical Konkani verb root at every occurrence: 1:1, 1:6 (×2), 1:13, 1:21, 1:24. This is the single most important translation-consistency requirement in the whole book and should be flagged for theologian review at each instance, per the same logic the baseline applies to Romans 1:16–17, 8:28, and 10:9–10.
- The ἀσέβεια/ἀσεβής (“ungodly”) root must use देवहीन/देवहीनपणा consistently across 1:4, 1:15 (×4 within one verse — preserve the repetition), and 1:18.
- “The faith” as a body of apostolic doctrine (1:3, 1:20) must use विश्वास consistently with a translator note distinguishing this “the faith” sense from the more common personal-trust sense of विश्वास used elsewhere (e.g., Romans).
- देव (God) exclusivity marking: Jude 1:25 (“to the only God our Savior” = “एकच खरो देव, आमचो तारक”) is the model example of the baseline’s required देव-exclusivity-marker practice and should be used as a training reference when applying that rule elsewhere in this curriculum.
- Proper names (काइन, बलाम, कोरह, हनोख, मीखाएल, सदोम, गमोरा, मिसर, आदाम, यहूदा, याकोब) should each receive a brief OT/background translator note on first appearance, given the AI requirements document’s assumption of low OT narrative literacy in the target audience.
- New terms proposed above must be submitted to
translation_memory.jsonfollowing the version-increment and theologian-review procedure specified in12_ai_translation_requirements.md§“Translation Memory Load and Enforcement Instructions” before Phase 2 segment translation begins.
Critical Risk Terms
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: पवित्र आत्मा
Transliteration: pavitra ātmā
Doctrine: Perseverance and Believer Responsibility
Rejected alternatives: ब्रह्म, परमात्मा
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package; do not alter. Jude 1:19 (those ‘devoid of the Spirit’) and 1:20 (praying ‘in the Holy Spirit’) sharpen the personal, indwelling sense against any impersonal life-force or Vedantic Absolute reading. Never ब्रह्म or परमात्मा.
Lord
Approved rendering: प्रभू
Transliteration: prabhū
Doctrine: Lordship and Mastery of Christ
Rejected alternatives: स्वामी, मालक
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package; do not alter. Used throughout Jude (1:4, 5, 9, 14, 17, 21, 25) of Christ, and at 1:5 of God acting in Israel’s history. At 1:4, पाइर्ड together with धनी (Master) to describe what false teachers deny — both terms must together convey exclusive, non-negotiable ownership and authority, not one revered figure among Goa’s several temple deities.
Jesus
Approved rendering: येशू
Transliteration: yeśū
Doctrine: Lordship and Mastery of Christ
Rejected alternatives: जेजू
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package; do not alter. Never जेजू (Romi Konkani Catholic spelling). Appears at Jude 1:1, 4, 17, 21, 25.
Christ
Approved rendering: ख्रिस्त
Transliteration: khrist
Doctrine: Lordship and Mastery of Christ
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Not itemized as a separate entry in the Romans baseline translation_memory.json, but its Konkani form is already fixed by the baseline’s own transliteration standard (12_ai_translation_requirements.md). Recorded here explicitly for Jude to prevent independent re-derivation. Used throughout in the compound title ‘Jesus Christ’/‘our Lord Jesus Christ’ (1:1, 4, 17, 21, 25); never conflated with Messiah-adjacent avatar figures venerated at Goa’s own temples.
God
Approved rendering: देव
Transliteration: dev
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Rejected alternatives: भगवान
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package; do not alter. Appears at Jude 1:1, 4, 21, 25. Jude 1:25 (‘to the only God our Savior’ = एकच खरो देव, आमचो तारक) is this curriculum’s clearest built-in model of the baseline’s required exclusivity-marker practice and should be used as the training reference for every other doctrinally load-bearing use of देव in this book.
Father
Approved rendering: पिता
Transliteration: pitā
Doctrine: Love of God and Believers
Rejected alternatives: ब्रह्मा, निर्माणकार
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package; do not alter. Jude 1:1: believers are ‘beloved in God the Father.’ Never a Hindu creator-deity name.
Salvation
Approved rendering: तारण
Transliteration: tāraṇ
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Rejected alternatives: मुक्ती, मोक्ष, सुटका
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package; do not alter. Jude 1:3 refers to ‘our common salvation’ (सामाईक तारण) — one salvation shared corporately by the whole church, not an individually negotiated release from rebirth. Never मुक्ती or मोक्ष.
Kept
Approved rendering: राखप / राखणें
Transliteration: rākhap / rākhaṇẽ
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Rejected alternatives: सांबाळणें
Original: τηρέω (also φυλάσσω at 1:24)
Category: Perseverance
The single most structurally important word in Jude, translating τηρέω throughout (1:1, 6 twice, 13, 21) and φυλάσσω at 1:24. Must be rendered with the identical Konkani verb root at every occurrence to preserve the epistle’s central ironic wordplay: believers are kept by Christ (1:1, 21, 24) while fallen angels and false teachers are, ironically, kept/reserved for judgment (1:6 twice, 13). Flag every instance for theologian review; treat as a book-wide cross-worker synchronization anchor comparable to the baseline’s Romans 1:16-17 / 8:28 / 10:9-10 consistency mandates.
Master
Approved rendering: धनी
Transliteration: dhanī
Doctrine: Lordship and Mastery of Christ
Rejected alternatives: मालक
Original: δεσπότης
Category: Christology
Renders δεσπότης at Jude 1:4, distinct from but reinforcing प्रभू (κύριος). Must convey absolute ownership as of a bondservant, not a mere social ‘boss’ (which मालक’s more commercial register would suggest), to preserve the force of ‘denying’ him as the gravest possible apostasy. Echoes the author’s own self-description as Christ’s दास (bondservant) at 1:1.
Eternal
Approved rendering: सर्वकाळचो / सर्वकाळ / काळ
Transliteration: sarvakāḷco / sarvakāḷ / kāḷ
Doctrine: Eternal Judgment and Punishment
Rejected alternatives: युग
Original: αἰώνιος / αἰών
Category: Eschatology
Used of chains (1:6), fire (1:7), darkness reserved forever (1:13), eternal life (1:21), and ‘before all ages, now, and forevermore’ (1:25). Must be rendered consistently across all five occurrences and must never suggest a reversible or cyclical state. At 1:25, काळ is deliberately chosen over युग, since युग carries strong Hindu cosmological associations with the four cyclical cosmic ages (Satya, Treta, Dvapara, Kali Yuga).
Save
Approved rendering: तारप
Transliteration: tārap
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Rejected alternatives: सुटका
Original: σῴζω
Category: Salvation
Jude 1:23: ‘save others, snatching them out of the fire.’ Must use the तार- root, never सुटका, which the baseline reserves strictly for non-salvific narrative rescue. This is the highest-stakes ‘save’ in the epistle — deliverance from the eternal fire of final judgment described at 1:7, not a this-worldly rescue.
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: सर्वकाळचें जीण
Transliteration: sarvakāḷcẽ jīṇ
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Rejected alternatives: मोक्ष
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Eschatology
Jude 1:21 names this as the goal of the believer’s perseverance. Must never be rendered so as to suggest मोक्ष (liberation from the samsara rebirth cycle), which the baseline’s Salvation entry explicitly forbids. This is resurrection life in restored, personal relationship with the one true God.
Savior
Approved rendering: तारक
Transliteration: tārak
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Christology
Jude 1:25 names God as ‘the only God our Savior,’ mediated through Jesus Christ our Lord. Built on the same तार- root as तारण (salvation) and तारप (save), for lexical family consistency reinforcing the Critical Salvation doctrine. Co-occurs with देव’s required exclusivity marker in this same verse.
High Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: कृपा
Transliteration: kṛpā
Doctrine: Grace Perverted into License
Rejected alternatives: कर्मफळ, पुण्य, नशीब
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package; do not alter. Jude 1:4 presents the sharpest possible collision with a karma-merit worldview in this curriculum: false teachers ‘turn the grace of our God into sensuality’ (कृपा twisted into स्वैराचार). Preserve the grace-is-unmerited / grace-is-not-license contrast with full force.
Faith
Approved rendering: विश्वास
Transliteration: viśvās
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Rejected alternatives: श्रद्धा, भक्ती
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package; do not alter. Jude uniquely requires विश्वास in a second, distinct sense at 1:3 and 1:20 — ‘the faith’ as the fixed body of apostolic doctrine entrusted to the church, not personal trust. Add a translator note distinguishing this sense from personal-trust विश्वास used elsewhere; both forms an inclusio (1:3 ‘the faith once delivered to the saints’ / 1:20 ‘your most holy faith’) and must be rendered identically across both verses.
Saints
Approved rendering: पवित्र जन
Transliteration: pavitra jan
Doctrine: Sainthood and Holiness
Rejected alternatives: संत, भक्त
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package; do not alter. Never संत (the Varkari bhakti-poet category — Tukaram, Namdev, Dnyaneshwar). Jude 1:14 applies पवित्र जन to an unusual angelic referent (‘his holy ones/myriads’) rather than human believers; flag this shift for reviewers at that verse.
Holy
Approved rendering: पवित्र
Transliteration: pavitra
Doctrine: Sainthood and Holiness
Rejected alternatives: शुद्ध, निर्मळ
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package; do not alter. Used at Jude 1:20 (‘your most holy faith’) and 1:24 (God’s glory); consistency with 1:3’s पवित्र जन reinforces the epistle’s opening/closing inclusio.
Called
Approved rendering: बोलावलेले
Transliteration: bolāvlele
Doctrine: Divine Calling and Security
Rejected alternatives: आमंत्रित
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package; do not alter. Jude 1:1 identifies the addressees as ‘the called… kept for Jesus Christ.’ Must not be confused with karma/fate-determined destiny (नशीब/प्रारब्ध) — a distinct, ironic use of नशीब-adjacent vocabulary occurs later at 1:16 describing false teachers (‘complainer about one’s lot’) and must be kept sharply separate from this doctrine.
Glory
Approved rendering: गौरव
Transliteration: gaurav
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Rejected alternatives: तेज, देवीतेज
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package; do not alter. Used abstractly at 1:24, 25 (God’s radiant honor) but unusually as a concrete plural at 1:8 (‘glorious ones’ — exalted angelic beings whom false teachers slander); flag this shift in referent for reviewers, since गौरव is otherwise fixed to the abstract sense.
Sin
Approved rendering: पाप
Transliteration: pāp
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: अधर्म, अशुद्धता
Original: ἁμαρτωλός / ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package; do not alter. Jude 1:15 pairs ‘ungodly sinners’ (पापी आनी देवहीन) as a compound intensifier; distinguished from ritual impurity and impersonal karmic debt.
Contend
Approved rendering: विश्वासाखातीर घट्ट उबे रावन झगडप
Transliteration: viśvāsākhātīr ghaṭṭ ube rāvun jhagaḍap
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Rejected alternatives: लढाय करप
Original: ἐπαγωνίζομαι
Category: Faith
Jude 1:3, the thesis-verse of the epistle. Must not be rendered with martial or violent vocabulary; given Goa’s history of religiously coercive conflict under the Portuguese-era Goa Inquisition (established 1560), a term suggesting combat or communal strife risks reopening that historical wound. Render as steadfast, courageous doctrinal faithfulness and proclamation, never confrontation.
Once For All Delivered
Approved rendering: एकदाच सोपविल्लो
Transliteration: ekdāc sopavillo
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Rejected alternatives: दिल्लें
Original: ἅπαξ παραδοθείσῃ
Category: Faith
Jude 1:3. Must preserve finality and completeness. A vaguer ‘given’ or ‘taught’ risks implying an evolving, additive, or repeatable revelation, undermining the closed nature of the apostolic deposit that Jude’s whole argument depends on.
Judgment
Approved rendering: न्याय
Transliteration: nyāya
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: कर्मफळ
Original: κρίμα / κρίσις
Category: Judgment
Used at Jude 1:4, 1:6, 1:9, 1:15. Never कर्मफळ (impersonal karma-fruit / automatic causal consequence). This is a personal, moral God’s judicial verdict, not an impersonal cosmic mechanism operating apart from divine will; reinforce each occurrence with explicit divine-agency language where possible.
Ungodly
Approved rendering: देवहीन / देवहीनपणा
Transliteration: devahīn / devahīnpaṇā
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: अधर्मी, अभक्त
Original: ἀσεβής / ἀσέβεια
Category: Sin
Deliberately avoids both धर्म-root vocabulary (reserved/forbidden per baseline for righteousness/law) and भक्ती-root vocabulary (avoided per baseline’s devotional-worship caution). Names practical, willful irreverence toward the true God, not philosophical atheism nor a technical dharma-violation. Occurs at 1:4, 1:18, and four times within 1:15 alone — the fourfold repetition in 1:15 is a deliberate Greek rhetorical device and must be preserved identically in Konkani, not varied for stylistic elegance.
Deny
Approved rendering: नाकारप
Transliteration: nākārap
Doctrine: Lordship and Mastery of Christ
Original: ἀρνέομαι
Category: Christology
Jude 1:4. The verb itself is common vocabulary, but its object here (Christ’s exclusive Lordship and Ownership) makes every occurrence doctrinally weighty.
Strange Flesh
Approved rendering: परक्या देहाचो पाठलाग
Transliteration: parkyā dehāco pāṭhlāg
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types: Sodom
Original: σαρκὸς ἑτέρας
Category: Sin
Jude 1:7 names this as Sodom’s characteristic sin that brought judgment. Sensitive content requiring non-sensationalized, doctrinally faithful handling; flagged for human theologian review given both its doctrinal weight and pastoral delicacy.
Defile
Approved rendering: भ्रष्ट करप
Transliteration: bhraṣṭa karap
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: μιαίνω
Category: Sin
Jude 1:8: false teachers ‘defile the flesh.’ भ्रष्ट carries strong ritual-purity and caste-pollution connotations (untouchability associations) in the regional Goan context; translator note required clarifying this is moral defilement before God, not ritual or caste impurity.
Lordship Authority
Approved rendering: प्रभूपण
Transliteration: prabhūpaṇ
Doctrine: Lordship and Mastery of Christ
Original: κυριότης
Category: Christology
Renders κυριότης at Jude 1:8, describing the authority false teachers reject. Deliberately built on the same प्रभू root as the baseline’s Lordship of Christ doctrine, keeping the semantic family visibly connected for reviewers.
Slander Blaspheme
Approved rendering: निंदा करप
Transliteration: nindā karap
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: βλασφημέω
Category: Sin
Used at Jude 1:8 (against glorious beings), 1:9 (Michael’s restraint from this), 1:10 (false teachers reviling what they do not understand). Used three times with escalating contrast; consistent rendering across all three occurrences is required to preserve that contrast.
Balaam
Approved rendering: बलाम
Transliteration: Balām
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types: Cain, Balaam, and Korah
Original: Βαλαάμ
Category: Covenant
Jude 1:11: the mercenary prophet whose ‘error’ — teaching for profit — becomes a type of the false teachers’ greed. Requires OT background note (Numbers 22-24) and careful framing to avoid implying that all paid religious leadership is condemned; the issue is mercenary corruption, not compensation itself.
Korah
Approved rendering: कोरह
Transliteration: Korah
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types: Cain, Balaam, and Korah
Original: Κόρε
Category: Covenant
Jude 1:11: organized rebellion against God-appointed authority (Numbers 16), contrasted with Michael’s proper restraint at 1:9. Requires OT background note.
Love Feasts
Approved rendering: प्रेमभोजन
Transliteration: premabhojan
Doctrine: False Teachers Corrupting Fellowship
Original: ἀγάπαι
Category: Church
Jude 1:12. Must be distinguished by translator note from Hindu prasad (food offered to a deity and then shared communally), a prominent and lived Goan devotional practice; this is a fellowship meal among believers in Christ, not an offering-derived meal.
Desire Lust
Approved rendering: अभिलाषा
Transliteration: abhilāṣā
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: वासना
Original: ἐπιθυμία
Category: Sin
Used at Jude 1:16, 1:18. वासना is rejected because it carries a specific Vedantic/yogic technical sense (latent karmic desire-impressions carried across lifetimes) that would misrepresent this as a metaphysical category rather than the moral choice Jude describes.
Complainer About Lot
Approved rendering: नशिबाची कागाळी करपी
Transliteration: naśibācī kāgāḷī karpī
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: μεμψίμοιρος
Category: Sin
Jude 1:16 lists this among the false teachers’ traits. Uses नशीब descriptively to name the false teachers’ own wrong, self-centered attitude of blaming fate for their lot — must not be confused with, or read back onto, the separate baseline caution against ever rendering God’s providence or election as नशीब. Translator note required to keep these two uses distinct (see also ‘called’ entry above).
Worldly Minded
Approved rendering: संसारीक मनाचे
Transliteration: sansārik manāce
Doctrine: Perseverance and Believer Responsibility
Rejected alternatives: माया-आधारित phrasing (māyā-based wording)
Original: ψυχικός
Category: Sanctification
Jude 1:19 describes those ‘devoid of the Spirit’ as ψυχικός. Must be distinguished by translator note from the Hindu philosophical framework of worldly existence bound by māyā (illusion), an epistemological category concerning ignorance of ultimate reality; this is instead a soteriological category — the simple absence of the indwelling Holy Spirit in an unregenerate person.
Love
Approved rendering: मोग
Transliteration: mog
Doctrine: Love of God and Believers
Rejected alternatives: प्रीत
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: God
Recurs at Jude 1:1-2 (believers loved in God the Father), 1:12 (love feasts), 1:21 (God’s love, in which believers must keep themselves). Must be distinguished by translator note from both ordinary romantic/family affection (मोग’s normal broad Konkani usage) and from Hindu bhakti-prema (devotional passion toward a chosen deity, especially prominent in regional Krishna-bhakti tradition).
Mercy
Approved rendering: दया
Transliteration: dayā
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Rejected alternatives: करुणा
Original: ἔλεος / ἐλεέω
Category: Salvation
Used at Jude 1:2 (salutation), 1:21 (awaiting Christ’s mercy to eternal life), 1:22-23 (mercy shown to the wavering). करुणा is rejected: it carries strong Buddhist-compassion associations and risks reading as generalized, impersonal universal compassion rather than God’s specific, personal, covenantal mercy — a parallel and reinforcing concept to कृपा.
Wavering
Approved rendering: दुबावी
Transliteration: dubāvī
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Original: διακρινόμενος
Category: Salvation
Jude 1:22. Central term of this doctrine. A well-known Greek textual variant reads ἐλέγχετε (‘reprove’) instead of ἐλεᾶτε (‘have mercy on’); this variant must be flagged for theologian review since it shifts the pastoral posture (correction vs. compassion) toward this group. The majority-adopted ‘have mercy’ reading anchors this doctrine as documented here.
Blameless
Approved rendering: निर्दोष
Transliteration: nirdoṣ
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: ἄμωμος
Category: Salvation
Jude 1:24: believers presented ‘blameless’ before God’s glory. Must convey a forensic, God-granted final standing parallel to the baseline’s नीतिमत्ता/justification framework, not karmic purification earned through accumulated merit, ritual cleansing, or ascetic self-effort.
Exultation
Approved rendering: परम आनंद
Transliteration: param ānand
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: ἀγαλλίασις
Category: Eschatology
Jude 1:24 describes believers’ final presentation before God as an occasion of this joy. Requires a translator note distinguishing this relational, worship-context joy in a personal God’s presence from the Vedantic sat-chit-ānanda (‘being-consciousness-bliss’) concept of impersonal metaphysical bliss prominent in regional Hindu philosophical tradition.
Majesty
Approved rendering: महिमा
Transliteration: mahimā
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Rejected alternatives: वैभव
Original: μεγαλωσύνη
Category: God
Part of Jude 1:25’s fourfold doxological ascription to God. Regional Hindu devotional literature (e.g., published ‘Mahima’ legend-collections celebrating Shantadurga’s or Mangueshi’s miraculous greatness) uses this same word for a deity’s celebrated wonders. Requires mandatory pairing with an exclusivity marker (as in the same verse’s ‘एकच खरो देव’) to prevent assimilation into that genre.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: प्रेषित
Transliteration: preṣit
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: दूत, गुरू
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package; do not alter. Jude 1:17 appeals to the apostles’ own prior prophetic warning as authoritative. Risk: reducing apostleship to a generic guru-disciple religious-authority role prominent in Goan Hindu devotional practice.
Peace
Approved rendering: शांती
Transliteration: śāntī
Doctrine: Love of God and Believers
Rejected alternatives: सुख, समाधान
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package; do not alter. Part of Jude 1:2’s threefold salutation (‘mercy, peace, and love be multiplied to you’).
Israel
Approved rendering: इस्राएल
Transliteration: isrāel
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types: Israel
Original: λαός (implied, referring to the Exodus generation)
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package; do not alter. Required as supplied background vocabulary for Jude 1:5, since the Greek text does not name ‘Israel’ directly (only ‘a people out of the land of Egypt’); a translator note must bridge the two for readers with low OT literacy.
Servant
Approved rendering: दास
Transliteration: dās
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Rejected alternatives: नोकर
Original: δοῦλος
Category: Church
Jude 1:1: the author identifies himself as ‘a bond-servant of Jesus Christ.’ दास must convey willing, total, owned bondservant status, not casual paid employment (नोकर), echoing धनी’s absolute-ownership sense from 1:4.
Sensuality
Approved rendering: स्वैराचार
Transliteration: svairācār
Doctrine: Grace Perverted into License
Original: ἀσέλγεια
Category: Sin
Jude 1:4 describes false teachers who turn grace into this. Must retain moral seriousness; avoid a softened rendering suggesting mere ‘freedom’ or casual permissiveness.
Angel
Approved rendering: देवदूत
Transliteration: devadūt
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types: Angels
Original: ἄγγελος
Category: Angelology
Used at Jude 1:6 (fallen angels), 1:9 (Michael the archangel), 1:14 (holy angels attending the Lord’s coming). Requires exclusivity framing on first use (‘a messenger/servant of the one true God’) since देव’s baseline ambiguity extends to this compound; must not be assimilated to a lesser Hindu deity or celestial being.
Archangel
Approved rendering: प्रधान देवदूत
Transliteration: pradhān devadūt
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types: Angels
Original: ἀρχάγγελος
Category: Angelology
Jude 1:9 names Michael as such. Built compositionally on देवदूत; establishes rank without implying a hierarchy of divine beings comparable to a Hindu pantheon.
Devil
Approved rendering: सैतान
Transliteration: saitān
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types: Angels
Original: διάβολος
Category: Angelology
Jude 1:9: Michael disputed with him over Moses’ body. Must be distinguished by translator note from generic malevolent spirits (rakshasa, bhram-rakshas) prominent in regional Konkani/Goan folklore; this is the singular fallen angelic adversary of the one true God.
Cain
Approved rendering: काइन
Transliteration: Kāin
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types: Cain, Balaam, and Korah
Original: Κάϊν
Category: Covenant
Jude 1:11. Requires an OT background translator note (Genesis 4) given the target audience’s assumed low OT narrative literacy.
Shepherding Themselves
Approved rendering: फकत आपणाकूच पोसप
Transliteration: fakat āpṇākūc posap
Doctrine: False Teachers Corrupting Fellowship
Original: ἑαυτοὺς ποιμαίνοντες
Category: Church
Jude 1:12: ironic reversal of the shepherd metaphor. Must retain the irony of false ‘shepherds’ who serve only themselves, implicitly contrasted with Christ as true Shepherd.
Wandering Stars
Approved rendering: भोंवणारे तारे
Transliteration: bhõvṇāre tāre
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἀστέρες πλανῆται
Category: Judgment
Jude 1:13. Must not be read through an astrological lens (ज्योतिष/भविष्यफळ); this is a metaphor of moral and doctrinal instability, not a celestial omen.
Enoch
Approved rendering: हनोख
Transliteration: Hanokh
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy: Enoch’s Witness
Original: Ἑνώχ
Category: Covenant
Jude 1:14, ‘seventh from Adam.’ Requires a translator note on the extra-canonical source Jude cites (the Book of 1 Enoch), to prevent reader confusion about canonicity given assumed low OT/canon literacy.
Michael
Approved rendering: मीखाएल
Transliteration: Mīkhāel
Doctrine: Angelic Restraint and Proper Spiritual Authority
Original: Μιχαήλ
Category: Angelology
Jude 1:9: the archangel who disputed with the devil over Moses’ body, modeling restrained deference to God’s own prerogative to judge — a positive moral counter-example to the false teachers’ reckless slander in 1:8, 10.
Cause Divisions
Approved rendering: फूट घालप
Transliteration: phūṭ ghālap
Doctrine: False Teachers Corrupting Fellowship
Original: ἀποδιορίζω
Category: Church
Jude 1:19. Directly relevant to the baseline’s Church as God’s People doctrine; false teachers threaten unity that Christ’s gospel otherwise establishes across all social and communal lines.
Dominion
Approved rendering: सत्ता
Transliteration: sattā
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Original: κράτος
Category: God
Part of Jude 1:25’s fourfold doxological ascription to God. Avoid political/colonial-power overtones, per baseline’s kingdom_of_god caution, given Goa’s own history of contested colonial and pre-colonial rule.
Authority
Approved rendering: अधिकार
Transliteration: adhikār
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: God
Part of Jude 1:25’s fourfold doxological ascription to God. Standard vocabulary; grouped at Medium risk given its place within the doctrinally weighty doxology alongside महिमा and सत्ता.
Egypt
Approved rendering: मिसर
Transliteration: Misar
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types: Israel
Original: Αἴγυπτος
Category: Covenant
Jude 1:5 recalls the deliverance from Egypt as the first Old Testament type. Established Bible-tradition proper name form; requires OT background note given assumed low OT narrative literacy.
Sodom Gomorrah
Approved rendering: सदोम / गमोरा
Transliteration: Sadom / Gamorā
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types: Sodom
Original: Σόδομα καὶ Γόμορρα
Category: Covenant
The two judged cities of Genesis 19, cited in Jude 1:7 as the third Old Testament warning-type. Established Bible-tradition proper name forms; requires OT background note (Genesis 19).
Jude
Approved rendering: यहूदा
Transliteration: Yahūdā
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Original: Ἰούδας
Category: Authorship
The author of the epistle, identifying himself at 1:1 as ‘a bond-servant of Jesus Christ and brother of James.’ Distinct established Bible-tradition spelling from ‘Judas Iscariot,’ who in Konkani Bible tradition shares the same underlying name (यहूदा). Requires a translator note at first occurrence to prevent reader confusion between the two figures.
Low Risk Terms
Prophecy
Approved rendering: भविष्यवाणी
Transliteration: bhaviṣyavāṇī
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy: Enoch’s Witness
Rejected alternatives: भविष्यफळ
Original: προφητεία / προεφήτευσεν
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package; do not alter. Jude 1:14 cites Enoch’s prophecy of the Lord’s coming judgment, extending the baseline doctrine to a pre-Mosaic, extra-canonical witness (1 Enoch); a translator note on the source is required.
Beloved
Approved rendering: प्रिय
Transliteration: priya
Doctrine: Love of God and Believers
Original: ἀγαπητός
Category: Faith
A term of affectionate pastoral address used at Jude 1:3, 17, 20 to introduce key exhortations. Standard address term marking pastoral warmth; low ambiguity risk despite occurring within High-risk doctrinal frames.
Adam
Approved rendering: आदाम
Transliteration: Ādām
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types: Angels
Original: Ἀδάμ
Category: Covenant
Used in Jude 1:14 as a genealogical marker (‘Enoch, seventh from Adam’). Established Bible proper-name form; low ambiguity risk.
James
Approved rendering: याकोब
Transliteration: Yākob
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Original: Ἰάκωβος
Category: Authorship
Jude’s brother, named at 1:1 to establish the author’s family connection and hence his authority to write. Established Bible proper-name form; low ambiguity risk.
Referenced passages