Core Glossary
Core Glossary: 2 Corinthians — English → Odia
Purpose
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md across the entire book of 2 Corinthians (chapters 1-13), citing the chapter(s) of first/primary occurrence. It is organized in two parts:
- Part A — Terms already established in the baseline Romans
translation_memory.json/bible_term_registry.json. These MUST be reused with their exact recorded Odia rendering; no deviation is permitted regardless of new context. - Part B — New terms surfaced by 2 Corinthians, not present in the Romans baseline. These are proposed candidates for addition to translation memory, constructed to be consistent with the baseline’s established conventions and cultural-risk methodology.
Risk tiers follow the baseline’s doctrine_risk_registry.json definitions exactly:
- Critical — mistranslation destroys essential doctrine; human theologian review required for every occurrence.
- High — mistranslation creates significant theological confusion or syncretism risk; human theologian review required.
- Medium — mistranslation reduces clarity but preserves essential meaning; native speaker review recommended.
- Low — minor imprecision; automated review sufficient.
Part A — Baseline Terms Reused Exactly (from Romans translation_memory.json)
| Term | Odia | Transliteration | Risk | 2 Cor. Occurrence(s) | Reuse Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gospel | ସୁସମାଚାର | susamācāra | High | 2:12; 4:3-4; 9:13; 11:4,7 | Exact reuse |
| grace | କୃପା | kṛpā | High | 1:2,12; 4:15; 6:1; 8:1,6-7,9,19; 9:8,14; 12:9; 13:14 | Exact reuse; extended sense for “generous giving” documented in Part B |
| faith | ବିଶ୍ୱାସ | biśwāsa | High | 1:24; 4:13; 5:7; 8:7; 10:15; 13:5 | Exact reuse |
| righteousness | ଧାର୍ମିକତା | dhārmikatā | Critical | 5:21; 6:7,14; 9:9-10; 11:15 | Exact reuse; never ଧର୍ମ |
| salvation | ପରିତ୍ରାଣ | paritrāṇa | Critical | 1:6; 6:2; 7:10 | Exact reuse; never ମୋକ୍ଷ/ମୁକ୍ତି |
| apostle | ପ୍ରେରିତ | prerita | Medium | 1:1; 8:23; 11:5,13; 12:11-12 | Exact reuse; base for new compound terms in Part B |
| called | ଆହୂତ | āhūta | High | 1:1 | Exact reuse |
| holy | ପବିତ୍ର | pabitra | High | 1:1; 6:6; 7:1; 13:12 | Exact reuse |
| saints | ପବିତ୍ର ଲୋକ | pabitra loka | High | 1:1; 8:4; 9:1,12; 13:12 (implied “all the saints”) | Exact reuse |
| sanctification / holiness | ପବିତ୍ରୀକରଣ | pabitrīkaraṇa | High | 7:1 (“perfecting holiness”) | Exact reuse |
| resurrection | ପୁନରୁତ୍ଥାନ | punarutthāna | Critical | 4:14; 5:15 | Exact reuse; never ପୁନର୍ଜନ୍ମ |
| lord | ପ୍ରଭୁ | prabhu | Critical | throughout; 1:2-3,14; 3:17-18; 4:5,14; 5:6,8,11; 8:5,9,19,21; 10:17-18; 11:31; 12:1,8; 13:14 | Exact reuse; never ଠାକୁର |
| glory | ମହିମା | mahimā | High | 1:20; 3:7-11,18; 4:4,6,15,17; 8:19,23 | Exact reuse; never ତେଜ |
| power_of_god | ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ | Parameśwaraṅka Sāmarthya | High | 4:7; 6:7; 12:9; 13:4 | Exact reuse; never ଶକ୍ତି (see 12:9, Critical enforcement point) |
| covenant | ନିୟମ | niyama | High | 3:6,14 | Exact reuse; base for “new/old covenant” compounds |
| intercession / prayer | ମଧ୍ୟସ୍ଥତା | madhyasthatā | Medium | 1:11 (implied); 13:7,9 | Exact reuse |
| thanksgiving | ଧନ୍ୟବାଦ ସ୍ତୁତି | dhanyabāda stuti | Low | 1:11; 2:14; 4:15; 9:11-12,15 | Exact reuse |
| fellowship | ସହଭାଗିତା | sahabhāgitā | Low | 6:14; 8:4 (implied); 13:14 | Exact reuse |
| church | ମଣ୍ଡଳୀ | maṇḍaḷī | Medium | 1:1; 8:1,18-19,23-24; 11:8,28; 12:13 | Exact reuse; never ମନ୍ଦିର/ଦେଉଳ |
| sin | ପାପ | pāpa | High | 5:21; 11:7; 12:21 | Exact reuse |
| gentiles / nations | ଅନ୍ୟଜାତି | anyajāti | Medium | (implied in mission/collection context, chs. 8-9) | Exact reuse where applicable |
| jesus | ଯୀଶୁ | Yīśu | Critical | throughout | Exact reuse |
| god | ପରମେଶ୍ୱର | Parameśwara | Critical | throughout | Exact reuse; never ଠାକୁର/ଭଗବାନ |
| holy_spirit | ପବିତ୍ର ଆତ୍ମା | Pabitra Ātmā | Critical | 1:22; 3:3,6,8,17-18; 5:5; 6:6; 13:14 | Exact reuse; never ପରମାତ୍ମା |
| father | ପିତା | Pitā | Critical | 1:2-3; 6:18 | Exact reuse |
| exhort / encourage | ଉତ୍ସାହିତ କରିବା | utsāhita karibā | Low | 9:5 (context: urging Titus); distinguish from new “comfort” term (Part B) | Exact reuse for encouragement sense only |
| imputed_righteousness | ଆରୋପିତ ଧାର୍ମିକତା | āropita dhārmikatā | Critical | conceptually underlies 5:19,21 | Exact reuse; cross-reference in translator notes |
| justification (verb “count/reckon”) | ଗଣିବା (from ଧାର୍ମିକ ବୋଲି ଗଣା ଯିବା) | gaṇibā | Critical | 5:19 (“not counting their trespasses”) | Reuse the ଗଣିବା accounting-verb for consistency |
| peace | ଶାନ୍ତି | śānti | Medium | 13:11 | Exact reuse |
Part B — New Terms Surfaced by 2 Corinthians
| # | Term (English) | Original (Greek) | Odia | Transliteration | Category / Doctrine | Risk | First/Key Occurrence(s) | Odia Risk Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reconciliation | καταλλαγή (katallagē) | ମିଳନ | milana | Reconciliation with God | Critical | 5:18-19 | Central curriculum doctrine. ମିଳନ (reunion) chosen over ସନ୍ଧି (treaty, too transactional) and ଚୁକ୍ତି (already baseline-rejected for “covenant”). God is always the reconciling agent; humanity is the reconciled object — a unilateral, divinely-initiated act, never a mutual negotiation. |
| 2 | reconcile (verb) | καταλλάσσω (katallassō) | ମିଳନ କରାଇବା / ମିଳନ କର | milana karāibā / milana kara | Reconciliation with God | Critical | 5:18,19,20; 5:20 (passive imperative “be reconciled”) | Passive imperative in 5:20 must not be rendered as an active human-initiated achievement; it names receiving God’s already-accomplished reconciliation. |
| 3 | ministry of reconciliation | διακονία τῆς καταλλαγῆς | ମିଳନର ସେବକାର୍ଯ୍ୟ | milanara sebakārya | Reconciliation with God / Sincerity and Apostolic Authority | High | 5:18 | ସେବକାର୍ଯ୍ୟ (never plain ସେବା) to avoid collision with hereditary caste-linked Jagannath temple seba service roles. Consistent with baseline doctrine name “ଖ୍ରୀଷ୍ଟ-କେନ୍ଦ୍ରିତ ସେବକାର୍ଯ୍ୟ.” |
| 4 | ministry (general) | διακονία (diakonia) | ସେବକାର୍ଯ୍ୟ | sebakārya | Suffering and Comfort in Ministry / Sincerity and Apostolic Authority | High | 3:7-9; 4:1; 5:18; 6:3; 11:8 | Same caution as #3; occurs pervasively across chs. 3-6, 11. |
| 5 | minister / servant | διάκονος (diakonos) | ସେବକ | sebaka | Sincerity and Apostolic Authority | Medium | 3:6; 6:4; 11:15,23 | Reuse root of #3-4; standing translator note against hereditary-office reading. |
| 6 | word/message of reconciliation | λόγος τῆς καταλλαγῆς | ମିଳନର ବାର୍ତ୍ତା | milanara bārttā | Reconciliation with God | High | 5:19 | Consistency with #1-3. |
| 7 | new creation | καινὴ κτίσις (kainē ktisis) | ନୂତନ ସୃଷ୍ଟି | nūtana sṛṣṭi | New Creation in Christ | High | 5:17 | Must not be read through the sṛṣṭi-sthiti-pralaya cyclical cosmology or repeating yuga-cycle framework; this is a one-time, permanent transformation. |
| 8 | ambassador | πρεσβεύω / πρεσβευτής (presbeuō) | ରାଜଦୂତ | rājadūta | Sincerity and Apostolic Authority | High | 5:20 | Preferred over bare ଦୂତ (risk of “angelic messenger” reading) and ପ୍ରତିନିଧି (too generic/mundane); retains royal-envoy authority register matching ପ୍ରଭୁ. |
| 9 | new covenant | καινὴ διαθήκη | ନୂତନ ନିୟମ | nūtana niyama | The New Covenant versus the Old | High | 3:6 | Reuse baseline ନିୟମ; consistent with the standard Odia Bible name for the New Testament. |
| 10 | old covenant | ἡ παλαιὰ διαθήκη | ପୁରାତନ ନିୟମ | purātana niyama | The New Covenant versus the Old | High | 3:14 | Reuse baseline ନିୟମ; standard Odia Bible name for the Old Testament. |
| 11 | letter (of the law) | γράμμα (gramma) | ଅକ୍ଷର | akṣara | The New Covenant versus the Old | High | 3:6 | Contrast term with ପବିତ୍ର ଆତ୍ମା; “the letter kills, the Spirit gives life.” |
| 12 | veil | κάλυμμα (kalymma) | ଆବରଣ | ābaraṇa | The New Covenant versus the Old | Medium | 3:13-16 | Avoid ଘୁଙ୍ଘଟ (bridal/marital modesty veil); use the neutral “covering” term. |
| 13 | freedom (Spirit-given) | ἐλευθερία (eleutheria) | ସ୍ୱାଧୀନତା | swādhīnatā | The New Covenant versus the Old | High | 3:17 | Avoid ମୁକ୍ତି (baseline-forbidden for “salvation,” mokṣa-associated); use the secular-register “independence/liberty” term instead. |
| 14 | transformed | μεταμορφόω (metamorphoō) | ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତିତ / ରୂପାନ୍ତରିତ | paribartita / rūpāntarita | Sanctification (reuse baseline doctrine) | Medium | 3:18 | Progressive Spirit-wrought change into Christ’s image. |
| 15 | comfort / consolation | παράκλησις / παρακαλέω | ସାନ୍ତ୍ୱନା | sāntwanā | Suffering and Comfort in Ministry | Medium | 1:3-7; 7:4-7,13 | Distinguish from baseline ଉତ୍ସାହିତ କରିବା (encouragement sense) and ନିବେଦନ (entreaty sense, 5:20). |
| 16 | affliction / suffering | θλῖψις (thlipsis) | ଦୁଃଖ-କଷ୍ଟ | duḥkha-kaṣṭa | Suffering and Comfort in Ministry | High | 1:4,8; 2:4; 4:17; 6:4; 7:4; 8:2 | Avoid କ୍ଲେଶ (yogic/Patanjali “root affliction” concept tied to ignorance, resolved by meditative technique) — biblical affliction is external, historical, ministry-related, resolved through hope of resurrection/comfort, not inner enlightenment. |
| 17 | guarantee / down payment (of the Spirit) | ἀρραβών (arrabōn) | ବିଆନା | biānā | Suffering and Comfort in Ministry / Assurance | Medium | 1:22; 5:5 | Natural Odia commercial/property term for earnest-money deposit; pair with ପବିତ୍ର ଆତ୍ମା. |
| 18 | seal | σφραγίζω (sphragizō) | ମୋହରାଙ୍କିତ କରିବା | moharāṅkita karibā | Assurance of Salvation | Low-Medium | 1:22 | |
| 19 | sincerity | εἰλικρίνεια / ἁπλότης | ନିଷ୍କପଟତା | niṣkapaṭatā | Sincerity and Apostolic Authority | High | 1:12; 2:17; 4:2; 11:3 | Recurring anchor term for the doctrine; render consistently across all occurrences. |
| 20 | triumphal procession | θριαμβεύω (thriambeuō) | (descriptive phrase — see notes) | — | Christ’s victory / Kingdom Mission (reuse baseline caution) | High | 2:14 | AVOID any noun evoking a chariot-procession (e.g. ବିଜୟଯାତ୍ରା) due to direct visual overlap with Puri’s Rath Yatra. Use a verbal phrase: “ପରମେଶ୍ୱର ଆମ୍ଭମାନଙ୍କୁ ଖ୍ରୀଷ୍ଟଙ୍କଠାରେ ସର୍ବଦା ବିଜୟୀ କରି ଆଗେଇ ନେଉଛନ୍ତି.” Reuses and extends the baseline’s existing Rath Yatra caution (previously noted only re: Kingdom Mission). |
| 21 | fragrance / aroma (of Christ) | ὀσμή (osmē) | ସୁଗନ୍ଧ | sugandha | Suffering and Comfort in Ministry (evangelism) | Medium | 2:14-16 | Positive resonance with Odia devotional dhupa/incense imagery; clarify metaphorical, non-ritual sense. |
| 22 | the god of this age | ὁ θεὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου | ଏହି ଯୁଗର ଦେବତା | ehi yugara devatā | Genuine versus False Apostleship (spiritual conflict) | High | 4:4 | Deliberate, careful use of generic ଦେବତା for a false/usurping power (Satan) — never for the true God (always ପରମେଶ୍ୱର). |
| 23 | outer man / inner man | ὁ ἔξω / ὁ ἔσω ἄνθρωπος | ବାହାର ମନୁଷ୍ୟ / ଭିତର ମନୁଷ୍ୟ | bāhāra manuṣya / bhitara manuṣya | Suffering and Comfort in Ministry | Medium | 4:16 | Distinguish from Vedantic ātman-merges-with-Brahman teaching; the renewed “inner man” remains a personal self indwelt by the personal ପବିତ୍ର ଆତ୍ମା. |
| 24 | treasure in jars of clay | θησαυρὸς ἐν ὀστρακίνοις σκεύεσιν | ମାଟି ପାତ୍ରରେ ଧନ | māṭi pātrare dhana | Power in Weakness | Medium | 4:7 | |
| 25 | tent (mortal body) | σκῆνος (skēnos) | ତମ୍ବୁ | tambu | New Creation in Christ (bodily hope) | Low | 5:1 | |
| 26 | eternal house/building from God | οἰκοδομὴν ἐκ θεοῦ | ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କଠାରୁ ମିଳିଥିବା ଅନନ୍ତ ଗୃହ | — | New Creation in Christ | Medium | 5:1 | |
| 27 | judgment seat of Christ | βῆμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ | ବିଚାର ଆସନ | bicāra āsana | Assurance of Salvation | Medium-High | 5:10 | Distinguish believers’ accountability-tribunal from unbelievers’ condemnatory judgment. |
| 28 | unequally yoked | ἑτεροζυγοῦντες | ଅସମାନ ଜୁଆଳି | asamāna juāḷi | Genuine versus False Apostleship (separation) | Medium | 6:14 | Natural agrarian-yoke image; low collision risk. |
| 29 | temple of the living God | ναὸς θεοῦ ζῶντος | ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ବାସସ୍ଥାନ | Parameśwaraṅka bāsasthāna | Church as God’s People (reuse baseline doctrine) | Critical | 6:16 | NEVER ମନ୍ଦିର — the everyday honorific name for the Puri Jagannath Temple is “ଶ୍ରୀମନ୍ଦିର” (Shree Mandir); this word would directly evoke that specific building. NEVER ଦେଉଳ (already baseline-forbidden). Use the descriptive “God’s dwelling place” instead. Recommend elevating to the doctrine_risk_registry as a new Critical entry in the next phase. |
| 30 | Belial | Βελίαρ (Beliar) | ବେଲିୟଲ | Beliyala | (proper name for Satan) | Low | 6:15 | Transliterate; gloss with ଶୟତାନ on first use. |
| 31 | godly sorrow | λύπη κατὰ θεόν | ଈଶ୍ୱରୀୟ ଦୁଃଖ | Īśwarīya duḥkha | (repentance leading to salvation) | Medium-High | 7:9-10 | Contrast with “worldly sorrow” that produces death/despair. |
| 32 | repentance | μετάνοια (metanoia) | ମନ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ | mana paribartana | (repentance leading to salvation) | Medium | 7:9-10 | Change of mind/heart, not mere regret. |
| 33 | equality / fair balance | ἰσότης (isotēs) | ସମାନତା | samānatā | Generosity and Grace in Giving | Medium | 8:13-14 | Positive resonance with baseline’s anti-caste unity doctrines; reinforcing, not competing. |
| 34 | grace-gift of giving | χάρις (extended sense) | ଏହି କୃପାପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ | ehi kṛpāpūrṇṇa kārya | Generosity and Grace in Giving | High | 8:1,4,6-7,9,19 | Same Greek word as baseline “grace” (କୃପା); giving flows from grace received, not merit accumulated — key contrast with Odisha’s dāna/chadhaa merit-giving tradition. |
| 35 | cheerful giver | ἱλαρὸν δότην | ହୃଷ୍ଟଚିତ୍ତ ଦାତା | hṛṣṭacitta dātā | Generosity and Grace in Giving | High | 9:7 | Must be taught as grace-motivated, joyful giving, not merit-earning religious dāna/chadhaa. |
| 36 | sowing / reaping | σπείρω / θερίζω | ବୁଣିବା / କାଟିବା | buṇibā / kāṭibā | Generosity and Grace in Giving | Low | 9:6 | Natural rice-farming agrarian resonance. |
| 37 | indescribable gift | ἀνεκδιήγητος δωρεά | ଅବର୍ଣ୍ଣନୀୟ ଦାନ | abarṇanīya dāna | Generosity and Grace in Giving | Medium | 9:15 | Christ himself as God’s ultimate freely-given gift. |
| 38 | weapons of warfare | ὅπλα τῆς στρατείας | ଯୁଦ୍ଧର ଅସ୍ତ୍ର | yuddhara astra | Genuine versus False Apostleship (spiritual conflict) | Low-Medium | 10:4 | Clarify metaphorical/spiritual, not literal military, application. |
| 39 | stronghold | ὀχύρωμα (ochyrōma) | ଦୁର୍ଗ | durga | Genuine versus False Apostleship | Low | 10:4 | |
| 40 | boasting (in the Lord vs. self) | καυχάομαι (kauchaomai) | ଗର୍ବ କରିବା / ପ୍ରଭୁଙ୍କଠାରେ ଗର୍ବ କର | garba karibā / prabhuṅkaṭhāre garba kara | Genuine versus False Apostleship | High | 5:12; 10:8,13,15-18; 11:16-18,30; 12:1,5-6,9 | Must distinguish sinful self-commendation (false apostles) from legitimate paradoxical “boasting in weakness”/“boasting in the Lord.” |
| 41 | false apostles | ψευδαπόστολοι | ମିଥ୍ୟା ପ୍ରେରିତ | mithyā prerita | Genuine versus False Apostleship | High | 11:13 | Reuses baseline ପ୍ରେରିତ exactly. |
| 42 | super-apostles (ironic) | ὑπερλίαν ἀπόστολοι | ଅତି ଶ୍ରେଷ୍ଠ ପ୍ରେରିତ | ati śreṣṭha prerita | Genuine versus False Apostleship | High | 11:5; 12:11 | Preserve Paul’s sarcastic/ironic tone; not a genuine concession of superior status. |
| 43 | angel of light (Satan’s disguise) | ἄγγελος φωτός | ଦୀପ୍ତିମାନ ଦୂତ | dīptimāna dūta | Genuine versus False Apostleship | Medium | 11:14 | Deception imagery; not a legitimate manifestation of ମହିମା (glory). |
| 44 | paradise / third heaven | παράδεισος / τρίτος οὐρανός | ପାରାଦୀଶ / ତୃତୀୟ ସ୍ୱର୍ଗ | Pārādīśa / tṛtīya swarga | (visionary experience) | High | 12:2-4 | Distinguish from Hindu svarga’s temporary, karma-determined, cyclical nature; biblical paradise is God’s own eternal, non-cyclical presence. |
| 45 | thorn in the flesh | σκόλοψ τῇ σαρκί | ଶରୀରର କଣ୍ଟା | śarīrara kaṇṭā | Power in Weakness | Medium | 12:7-9 | |
| 46 | weakness | ἀσθένεια (astheneia) | ଦୁର୍ବଳତା | durbalatā | Power in Weakness | High | 4:10 (implied); 11:30; 12:5,9-10; 13:4,9 | Pairs directly with baseline ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ (“power”) in the doctrine’s key contrast. |
| 47 | power made perfect in weakness | ἡ δύναμίς μου ἐν ἀσθενείᾳ τελεῖται | ମୋ ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ ଦୁର୍ବଳତାରେ ସିଦ୍ଧ ହୁଏ | — | Power in Weakness | Critical | 12:9 | Absolute enforcement point for baseline’s ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ/never-ଶକ୍ତି rule; Odisha’s Shakta tradition (Maa Samaleswari, Maa Tarini) makes ଶକ୍ତି a uniquely dangerous substitution here. |
| 48 | signs of a true apostle | σημεῖα τοῦ ἀποστόλου | ପ୍ରେରିତଙ୍କ ଚିହ୍ନ | preritaṅka cihna | Genuine versus False Apostleship | Medium | 12:12 | Reuses baseline ପ୍ରେରିତ. |
| 49 | examine / test yourselves | ἑαυτοὺς πειράζετε / δοκιμάζετε | ନିଜକୁ ପରୀକ୍ଷା କର | nijaku parīkṣā kara | (self-examination) | Low | 13:5 | |
| 50 | holy kiss | φίλημα ἁγίῳ | ପବିତ୍ର ଚୁମ୍ବନ | pabitra cumbana | Christian Fellowship (reuse baseline doctrine) | Low | 13:12 | Reuses baseline ପବିତ୍ର; render literally with a cultural translator note on the greeting form. |
| 51 | fear of the Lord | φόβος τοῦ κυρίου | ପ୍ରଭୁଙ୍କ ଭୟ | prabhuṅka bhaya | Sincerity and Apostolic Authority | Medium | 5:11 | Reuses baseline ପ୍ରଭୁ; reverential awe, not craven terror. |
| 52 | trespasses | παράπτωμα (paraptōma) | ଅପରାଧ | aparādha | Reconciliation with God | Medium | 5:19 | Distinguish from baseline ପାପ (ἁμαρτία) where both appear together. |
| 53 | made to be sin | ἁμαρτίαν ἐποίησεν | ପାପ ସ୍ୱରୂପ କଲେ | pāpa swarūpa kale | Reconciliation with God (substitutionary atonement) | Critical | 5:21 | Judicial/substitutionary identification with sin, never “made a sinner” (moral corruption, explicitly denied). |
| 54 | flesh (worldly viewpoint) | κατὰ σάρκα | ଶାରୀରିକ ଦୃଷ୍ଟିରେ | śārīrika dṛṣṭire | Christian Identity in Christ (reuse baseline doctrine) | High | 5:16 | Distinct sense of σάρξ from the Incarnation doctrine’s use of “flesh” — do not import ଦେହଧାରଣ here. |
| 55 | died for all (substitution) | εἷς ὑπὲρ πάντων ἀπέθανεν | ଜଣେ ସମସ୍ତଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ମଲେ | jaṇe samastaṅka pāiṅ male | Reconciliation with God | Critical | 5:14 | Substitutionary/representative death; foundational to the whole passage’s doctrine. |
| 56 | one died and was raised | τῷ ἀποθανόντι καὶ ἐγερθέντι | ମୃତ୍ୟୁଭୋଗ କରି ପୁନରୁତ୍ଥିତ ହୋଇଥିବା ଜଣଙ୍କ | — | Resurrection of Christ (reuse baseline doctrine) | Critical | 5:15 | Reuses baseline ପୁନରୁତ୍ଥାନ family exactly; never ପୁନର୍ଜନ୍ମ. |
| 57 | Trinitarian benediction | χάρις…ἀγάπη…κοινωνία | କୃପା…ପ୍ରେମ…ସହଭାଗିତା | kṛpā…prema…sahabhāgitā | (closing doctrinal formula) | Critical | 13:14 | Fixed, verbatim-consistent rendering required across every 2 Corinthians curriculum document, per baseline’s cross-document consistency mandate. |
Risk Summary
| Risk Tier | Baseline Terms Reused (Part A) | New Terms (Part B) | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Critical | 9 | 9 | 18 |
| High | 10 | 20 | 30 |
| Medium | 4 | 21 | 25 |
| Low | 4 | 7 | 11 |
| Total | 27 | 57 | 84 |
Human theologian review required (Critical + High): 48 terms Native speaker review recommended (Medium): 25 terms Automated review sufficient (Low): 11 terms
Flags for Next Phase (Doctrine Risk Registry Extension)
The following findings from this glossary should be carried forward into an extended doctrine_risk_registry.json for 2 Corinthians:
- NEW Critical collision identified: ναὸς θεοῦ (“temple of God,” 6:16) risks direct evocation of “ଶ୍ରୀମନ୍ଦିର” (Shree Mandir), the popular honorific name for the Puri Jagannath Temple — a more specific and dangerous collision than the baseline’s existing ମନ୍ଦିର/ଦେଉଳ caution for “church,” since here ministering translators may reach for ମନ୍ଦିର by default absent this warning.
- Extended Rath Yatra caution: the baseline’s existing Rath Yatra procession caution (previously scoped only to “Kingdom Mission” imagery) must be extended explicitly to 2 Corinthians 2:14’s θριαμβεύω (“triumphal procession”).
- New Shakta-tradition enforcement point: 2 Corinthians 12:9 (“my power is made perfect in weakness”) is the sharpest textual occasion in either curriculum for the baseline’s ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ/never-ଶକ୍ତି rule and should be flagged as a priority Critical-review passage.
- New merit-giving caution: Odisha’s dāna/chadhaa (temple-offering, merit-generating) giving tradition creates a High-risk syncretism vector across all of 2 Corinthians 8-9 (Generosity and Grace in Giving) requiring the same grace-versus-merit vigilance the baseline already applies to κρις/χάρις in Romans 3-4 and 11:5-6.
- New yogic-philosophy caution: κ୍ଲେଶ (kleśa) must be avoided for θλῖψις (“affliction”) throughout 2 Corinthians 1-7 due to its established meaning within popular Hindu yogic philosophy (Patanjali’s five root afflictions).
- New karma-cosmology caution: ସ୍ୱର୍ଗ (svarga) requires a standing translator note in 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 distinguishing the eternal, non-cyclical biblical “paradise/third heaven” from Hindu cosmology’s temporary, karma-determined heavenly realm.
This document, together with 07_semantic_analysis.md, forms the complete Phase 1 Step 1 deliverable for the 2 Corinthians curriculum extension of the odia Language Package.
Critical Risk Terms
Righteousness
Approved rendering: ଧାର୍ମିକତା
Transliteration: dhārmikatā
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ଧର୍ମ, ପୁଣ୍ୟ
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: never ଧର୍ମ. In 2 Corinthians 5:21 this term carries the full weight of imputation doctrine (‘we might become the righteousness of God’); also 6:7,14; 9:9-10; 11:15.
Justification
Approved rendering: ଧାର୍ମିକ ବୋଲି ଗଣା ଯିବା
Transliteration: dhārmika boli gaṇā jibā
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: କ୍ଷମା ପାଇବା, ପୁଣ୍ୟ ଅର୍ଜନ କରିବା
Original: λογίζομαι (cf. δικαίωσις)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Compound phrase required; a forensic declaration of right standing. The underlying accounting-verb ଗଣିବା (‘to count/reckon’) must be reused in 2 Corinthians 5:19 (‘not counting their trespasses against them’), preserving one accounting-metaphor doctrine across both books.
Salvation
Approved rendering: ପରିତ୍ରାଣ
Transliteration: paritrāṇa
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ମୋକ୍ଷ, ମୁକ୍ତି
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: NEVER ମୋକ୍ଷ or ମୁକ୍ତି. Occurs in 2 Corinthians at 1:6; 6:2; 7:10.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: ପୁନରୁତ୍ଥାନ
Transliteration: punarutthāna
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ପୁନର୍ଜନ୍ମ
Original: ἐγείρω / ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: NEVER ପୁନର୍ଜନ୍ମ. Governs 2 Corinthians 4:14 and 5:15 (‘the one who died for them and was raised’).
Lord
Approved rendering: ପ୍ରଭୁ
Transliteration: prabhu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ଠାକୁର
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: NEVER ଠାକୁର. Occurs pervasively throughout 2 Corinthians (1:2-3,14; 3:17-18; 4:5,14; 5:6,8,11; 8:5,9,19,21; 10:17-18; 11:31; 12:1,8; 13:14) including the ‘boasting in the Lord’ contrast (Boasting Only in the Lord doctrine).
Son Of God
Approved rendering: ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ପୁତ୍ର
Transliteration: Parameśwaraṅka Putra
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ଅବତାରୀ ପୁରୁଷ
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: full phrase required. Relevant to 2 Corinthians 1:19 (‘the Son of God, Jesus Christ’).
Incarnation
Approved rendering: ଦେହଧାରଣ
Transliteration: dehadhāraṇa
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: ଅବତାର
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: NEVER ଅବତାର. Also guards against Nabakalebara imagery. Relevant background doctrine for 2 Corinthians 5:16 (‘according to the flesh’) and 8:9 (‘though he was rich, yet for your sake he became poor’).
Jesus
Approved rendering: ଯୀଶୁ
Transliteration: Yīśu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ଈସା
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. ଯୀଶୁ is the Odia Christian standard; never ଈସା. Occurs throughout 2 Corinthians including the Trinitarian benediction (13:14).
God
Approved rendering: ପରମେଶ୍ୱର
Transliteration: Parameśwara
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ଠାକୁର, ଭଗବାନ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: never ଠାକୁର or ଭଗବାନ. Note: 2 Corinthians 4:4 deliberately applies a lower-case, ironic ‘god’ (generic ଦେବତା, see new term god_of_this_age) to Satan — this must never be confused with ପରମେଶ୍ୱର, reserved exclusively for the true God throughout.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: ପବିତ୍ର ଆତ୍ମା
Transliteration: Pabitra Ātmā
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ପରମାତ୍ମା
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: never ପରମାତ୍ମା. Occurs at 1:22; 3:3,6,8,17-18; 5:5; 6:6; 13:14, including the pivotal ‘letter kills, Spirit gives life’ contrast (3:6).
Father
Approved rendering: ପିତା
Transliteration: Pitā
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: ସୃଷ୍ଟିକର୍ତ୍ତା
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:2-3 and 6:18.
Imputed Righteousness
Approved rendering: ଆରୋପିତ ଧାର୍ମିକତା
Transliteration: āropita dhārmikatā
Doctrine: Justification by Faith
Rejected alternatives: ନିଜ ଚେଷ୍ଟାରେ ଅର୍ଜିତ ଧାର୍ମିକତା
Original: λογισθῆναι εἰς δικαιοσύνην (cf. Rom 4:3)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Direct conceptual counterpart of 2 Corinthians 5:21 (‘we might become the righteousness of God in him’); cross-reference in translator notes at every 5:21 occurrence.
Reconciliation
Approved rendering: ମିଳନ
Transliteration: milana
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Rejected alternatives: ସନ୍ଧି, ଚୁକ୍ତି
Original: καταλλαγή
Category: Reconciliation
God’s unilateral, restorative act of exchanging hostility for peace with humanity through Christ (2 Cor 5:18-19). ମିଳନ (‘reunion’) is chosen over ସନ୍ଧି (a negotiated treaty between equals) and ଚୁକ୍ତି (already rejected in the Romans baseline for ‘covenant’ as too transactional). God alone is always the reconciling agent; humanity never initiates or contributes to the reconciling act — this must never be softened into a mutual settlement.
Reconcile
Approved rendering: ମିଳନ କରାଇବା / ମିଳନ କର
Transliteration: milana karāibā / milana kara
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Original: καταλλάσσω
Category: Reconciliation
Verb form of καταλλάσσω. The passive imperative in 5:20 (‘be reconciled to God’) names receiving God’s already-accomplished reconciliation, not a human-initiated achievement; must not be rendered as an active-voice command implying self-effort, which would collide with the grace-versus-merit caution already governing κρις/χάρις.
Temple Of The Living God
Approved rendering: ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ବାସସ୍ଥାନ
Transliteration: Parameśwaraṅka bāsasthāna
Doctrine: Church as Temple of the Living God
Rejected alternatives: ମନ୍ଦିର, ଦେଉଳ
Original: ναὸς θεοῦ ζῶντος
Category: Church
ναὸς θεοῦ ζῶντος (6:16). NEVER ମନ୍ଦିର — ‘ଶ୍ରୀମନ୍ଦିର’ (Shree Mandir) is the everyday honorific popular name for the Puri Jagannath Temple itself. Never ଦେଉଳ either (already baseline-forbidden for ‘church’). This underlying Greek word (ναός, ‘inner shrine’) creates a sharper, more specific collision than the baseline’s existing ମନ୍ଦିର/ଦେଉଳ caution for ἐκκλησία. Use the descriptive ‘God’s dwelling place’ instead.
Power Made Perfect In Weakness
Approved rendering: ମୋ ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ ଦୁର୍ବଳତାରେ ସିଦ୍ଧ ହୁଏ
Transliteration: —
Doctrine: Power in Weakness
Rejected alternatives: ମୋ ଶକ୍ତି ଦୁର୍ବଳତାରେ ସିଦ୍ଧ ହୁଏ
Original: ἡ δύναμίς μου ἐν ἀσθενείᾳ τελεῖται
Category: Power in Weakness
ἡ δύναμίς μου ἐν ἀσθενείᾳ τελεῖται (12:9). Fixed phrase; absolute enforcement point for the baseline’s ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ/never-ଶକ୍ତି rule. Odisha’s Shakta tradition (Maa Samaleswari at Sambalpur, Maa Tarini at Ghatagaon) makes ଶକ୍ତି a specific, named divine-feminine power-substance, utterly unlike this paradox of strength manifest through frailty. Must never vary across documents referencing 12:9.
Made To Be Sin
Approved rendering: ପାପ ସ୍ୱରୂପ କଲେ
Transliteration: pāpa swarūpa kale
Doctrine: Substitutionary Atonement
Rejected alternatives: ପାପୀ କଲେ
Original: ἁμαρτίαν ἐποίησεν
Category: Reconciliation
ἁμαρτίαν ἐποίησεν (5:21). The most theologically dense phrase in the epistle. ପାପ ସ୍ୱରୂପ କଲେ (‘made in the very form/nature of sin’) names Christ’s judicial/substitutionary identification with the reality of sin, never his own moral corruption (‘made a sinner,’ ପାପୀ କଲେ, explicitly rejected and explicitly denied by the premise that Christ ‘knew no sin’). Standing translator note required at every occurrence.
Died For All
Approved rendering: ଜଣେ ସମସ୍ତଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ମଲେ
Transliteration: jaṇe samastaṅka pāiṅ male
Doctrine: Substitutionary Atonement
Original: εἷς ὑπὲρ πάντων ἀπέθανεν
Category: Reconciliation
εἷς ὑπὲρ πάντων ἀπέθανεν (5:14), Christ’s substitutionary/representative death on behalf of all. Foundational to the whole passage’s reconciliation doctrine; any softening to a merely exemplary death must be avoided.
Died And Was Raised
Approved rendering: ମୃତ୍ୟୁଭୋଗ କରି ପୁନରୁତ୍ଥିତ ହୋଇଥିବା ଜଣଙ୍କ
Transliteration: —
Doctrine: Substitutionary Atonement
Original: τῷ ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν ἀποθανόντι καὶ ἐγερθέντι
Category: Eschatology
τῷ ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν ἀποθανόντι καὶ ἐγερθέντι (5:15). Reuses baseline ପୁନରୁତ୍ଥାନ family exactly; never ପୁନର୍ଜନ୍ମ, and must not be assimilated to the periodic, mechanical renewal pattern of Nabakalebara — resurrection ends death permanently rather than replacing a worn-out form on a cycle.
Trinitarian Benediction
Approved rendering: କୃପା … ପ୍ରେମ … ସହଭାଗିତା
Transliteration: kṛpā … prema … sahabhāgitā
Doctrine: Trinitarian Benediction
Original: ἡ χάρις τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, καὶ ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ ἡ κοινωνία τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος
Category: God
The closing formula of 13:14 (‘the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ, the love of God, and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit’). Requires simultaneous, exact reuse of five baseline Critical/High terms (କୃପା, ପ୍ରଭୁ, ଯୀଶୁ, ପରମେଶ୍ୱର, ପବିତ୍ର ଆତ୍ମା) plus ସହଭାଗିତା and ପ୍ରେମ. Per the cross-document consistency mandate, this verse’s rendering must be fixed once and used identically across every 2 Corinthians curriculum document.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: ସୁସମାଚାର
Transliteration: susamācāra
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: ଖବର
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Established Odia Christian term (su- ‘good’ + samācāra ‘news’), shared in form with the wider Eastern Indian (Bengali-Odia) Christian tradition. Avoid the generic ଖବର (news). Occurs in 2 Corinthians at 2:12; 4:3-4; 9:13; 11:4,7.
Grace
Approved rendering: କୃପା
Transliteration: kṛpā
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: କର୍ମଫଳ, ପୁଣ୍ୟ
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Unmerited favor apart from human merit. Must be distinguished from devotional grace granted in response to bhakti and ritual offering (seba) to Jagannath. Occurs pervasively in 2 Corinthians (1:2,12; 4:15; 6:1; 8:1,6-7,9,19; 9:8,14; 12:9; 13:14) including the extended ‘grace-gift of giving’ sense in chs. 8-9 — see new term grace_gift_of_giving.
Faith
Approved rendering: ବିଶ୍ୱାସ
Transliteration: biśwāsa
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: ଭକ୍ତି
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Personal trust in Christ specifically; ଭକ୍ତି carries the devotional-surrender sense of Odia Vaishnav bhakti practice. Occurs at 1:24; 4:13; 5:7; 8:7; 10:15; 13:5.
Called
Approved rendering: ଆହୂତ
Transliteration: āhūta
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: ନିମନ୍ତ୍ରିତ
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 2 Corinthians 1:1 (Paul’s apostolic calling).
Calling
Approved rendering: ଆହ୍ୱାନ
Transliteration: āhwāna
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Inherited from Romans package. Noun form for the act/state of being called; retained for consistency though not heavily used in 2 Corinthians itself.
Holy
Approved rendering: ପବିତ୍ର
Transliteration: pabitra
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ଶୁଦ୍ଧ
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Set apart for God and morally pure. Occurs at 1:1; 6:6; 7:1; 13:12.
Saints
Approved rendering: ପବିତ୍ର ଲୋକ
Transliteration: pabitra loka
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: ସାଧୁ, ପଞ୍ଚସଖା
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Never ପଞ୍ଚସଖା (the Odia Vaishnav poet-saints). Occurs at 1:1; 8:4; 9:1,12; 13:12.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: ପବିତ୍ରୀକରଣ
Transliteration: pabitrīkaraṇa
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ଶୁଦ୍ଧିକରଣ
Original: ἁγιασμός / ἁγιωσύνη
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. The Spirit’s ongoing work of making believers holy. 2 Corinthians 7:1 (‘perfecting holiness’) extends this to active believer cooperation with the Spirit’s work.
Adoption
Approved rendering: ପୋଷ୍ୟ ପୁତ୍ରତ୍ୱ
Transliteration: poṣya putratva
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: ପୋଷା ନେବା
Inherited from Romans package. Retained for 2 Corinthians 6:18’s echo (‘I will be a father to you, and you shall be sons and daughters to me’).
Sin
Approved rendering: ପାପ
Transliteration: pāpa
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: ଅଧର୍ମ
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. Central to 2 Corinthians 5:21’s substitutionary statement; must be kept distinguishable from παράπτωμα (‘trespasses,’ new term trespasses) where both occur in the same passage (5:19,21).
Glory
Approved rendering: ମହିମା
Transliteration: mahimā
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ତେଜ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Heavily used in 2 Corinthians 3-4 for the contrasted glory of the old and new covenants and Moses’ veiled/unveiled glory (3:7-11,18; 4:4,6,15,17; 8:19,23).
Power Of God
Approved rendering: ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ
Transliteration: Parameśwaraṅka Sāmarthya
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ଶକ୍ତି
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Use ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ; never ଶକ୍ତି. 2 Corinthians 12:9 (‘my power is made perfect in weakness’) is the single sharpest enforcement point for this rule in the whole Language Package — see new term power_made_perfect_in_weakness. Also occurs at 4:7; 6:7; 13:4.
Covenant
Approved rendering: ନିୟମ
Transliteration: niyama
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: ଚୁକ୍ତି
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Base term for 2 Corinthians 3:6,14’s ‘new covenant’/‘old covenant’ contrast — see new terms new_covenant and old_covenant.
Ministry Of Reconciliation
Approved rendering: ମିଳନର ସେବକାର୍ଯ୍ୟ
Transliteration: milanara sebakārya
Doctrine: Ministry of Reconciliation
Rejected alternatives: ମିଳନର ସେବା
Original: διακονία τῆς καταλλαγῆς
Category: Reconciliation
The apostolic commission to proclaim and mediate God’s reconciling work (5:18). ସେବକାର୍ଯ୍ୟ (never plain ସେବା) avoids collision with the hereditary, caste-linked ritual service (seba) performed by Jagannath temple functionaries (sevayats/pandaas) at Puri — an inherited, status-bound office, the opposite of Paul’s freely-received, non-hereditary commission.
Ministry
Approved rendering: ସେବକାର୍ଯ୍ୟ
Transliteration: sebakārya
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
Rejected alternatives: ସେବା
Original: διακονία
Category: Apostleship
διακονία, occurring pervasively across chs. 3-6, 11. Never plain ସେବା, which names the hereditary temple-service office at Puri. This is a deliberately-coined Christian compound; must never drift back to the bare root form under stylistic pressure to simplify.
Word Of Reconciliation
Approved rendering: ମିଳନର ବାର୍ତ୍ତା
Transliteration: milanara bārttā
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Original: ὁ λόγος τῆς καταλλαγῆς
Category: Reconciliation
The gospel message announcing God’s accomplished reconciliation (5:19). Consistency with ‘reconciliation’ and ‘ministry of reconciliation’ required across all occurrences.
New Creation
Approved rendering: ନୂତନ ସୃଷ୍ଟି
Transliteration: nūtana sṛṣṭi
Doctrine: New Creation in Christ
Original: καινὴ κτίσις
Category: New Creation
καινὴ κτίσις (5:17). Odia/Hindu cosmology (sṛṣṭi-sthiti-pralaya, the creation-preservation-dissolution cycle, and the cyclical yuga framework) frames ‘creation’ as one phase of a repeating cosmic cycle. No better single-word alternative exists; a standing translator note is required at every occurrence clarifying this names a one-time, permanent transformation, never a turn of a cosmic cycle.
Ambassador
Approved rendering: ରାଜଦୂତ
Transliteration: rājadūta
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Rejected alternatives: ଦୂତ, ପ୍ରତିନିଧି
Original: πρεσβεύω
Category: Apostleship
πρεσβεύω (5:20). ରାଜଦୂତ (‘royal envoy’) retains delegated sovereign authority; ଦୂତ alone risks an angelic/postal-messenger reading, and ପ୍ରତିନିଧି sounds like a mundane appointee. Matches κύριος/ପ୍ରଭୁ’s royal Lordship register.
New Covenant
Approved rendering: ନୂତନ ନିୟମ
Transliteration: nūtana niyama
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: καινὴ διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
καινὴ διαθήκη (3:6). Reuses baseline ନିୟମ exactly; consistent with the standard Odia Bible name for the New Testament. Context markers required to disambiguate from a reference to the canonical Testament division.
Old Covenant
Approved rendering: ପୁରାତନ ନିୟମ
Transliteration: purātana niyama
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: ἡ παλαιὰ διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
ἡ παλαιὰ διαθήκη (3:14). Reuses baseline ନିୟମ exactly; standard Odia Bible name for the Old Testament. Same disambiguation caution as new_covenant.
Letter Of The Law
Approved rendering: ଅକ୍ଷର
Transliteration: akṣara
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: γράμμα
Category: Covenant
γράμμα (3:6), ‘the letter kills, the Spirit gives life.’ ଅକ୍ଷର normally means simply ‘letter/character of the alphabet’; the theological sense is not self-evident from the word alone and requires the full antithetical clause with ପବିତ୍ର ଆତ୍ମା to carry meaning.
Freedom
Approved rendering: ସ୍ୱାଧୀନତା
Transliteration: swādhīnatā
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Rejected alternatives: ମୁକ୍ତି
Original: ἐλευθερία
Category: Covenant
ἐλευθερία (3:17), ‘where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is freedom.’ Never ମୁକ୍ତି, already baseline-forbidden for ‘salvation’ due to its mokṣa/release-from-rebirth-cycle association. ସ୍ୱାଧୀନତା’s dominant modern register is national/political independence, a minor residual weakness accepted as the lesser risk.
Affliction
Approved rendering: ଦୁଃଖ-କଷ୍ଟ
Transliteration: duḥkha-kaṣṭa
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
Rejected alternatives: କ୍ଲେଶ
Original: θλῖψις
Category: Suffering and Comfort
θλῖψις, the specific hardships of apostolic ministry (1:4,8; 2:4; 4:17; 6:4; 7:4; 8:2; 11:23-29). Never କ୍ଲେଶ (kleśa), which in popular Hindu yogic philosophy (Patanjali’s five root afflictions) names an inner defilement caused by ignorance and dissolved through meditative technique/enlightenment, not hope of comfort and resurrection.
Sincerity
Approved rendering: ନିଷ୍କପଟତା
Transliteration: niṣkapaṭatā
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Original: εἰλικρίνεια / ἁπλότης
Category: Apostleship
εἰλικρίνεια/ἁπλότης (1:12; 2:17; 4:2; 11:3), transparent, undivided ministry motive. Recurring anchor term for the doctrine across chs. 1, 2, 4, 5, 11; must render consistently at every occurrence. A somewhat literary/formal compound — reading-level review recommended to confirm it clears the Class 8-10 target register.
Triumphal Procession
Approved rendering: (descriptive verbal phrase — no fixed noun rendering; e.g. “ପରମେଶ୍ୱର ଆମ୍ଭମାନଙ୍କୁ ଖ୍ରୀଷ୍ଟଙ୍କଠାରେ ସର୍ବଦା ବିଜୟୀ କରି ଆଗେଇ ନେଉଛନ୍ତି”)
Transliteration: —
Doctrine: Triumph of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ବିଜୟଯାତ୍ରା
Original: θριαμβεύω
Category: Christology
θριαμβεύω (2:14). AVOID any procession-noun such as ବିଜୟଯାତ୍ରା, which risks direct visual and conceptual overlap with Odisha’s iconic annual Rath Yatra, in which Jagannath, Balabhadra, and Subhadra are paraded through Puri’s streets — a deity’s temporary journey and return, not an ongoing cosmic reign. Extends the baseline’s existing Rath Yatra caution (previously scoped only to Kingdom Mission imagery) explicitly to this passage. Standing translator note required at every occurrence.
God Of This Age
Approved rendering: ଏହି ଯୁଗର ଦେବତା
Transliteration: ehi yugara devatā
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and Discernment
Original: ὁ θεὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου
Category: Spiritual Warfare
ὁ θεὸς τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου (4:4), Satan’s temporary, illegitimate dominion over the present age. Deliberate, careful use of the generic Hindu-register word ଦେବତା (‘a deity’) is reserved exclusively for this false/usurping power; must never be confused with ପରମେଶ୍ୱର, reserved for the true God. Standing translator note required so this is never read as legitimizing Satan as a god among many.
Grace Gift Of Giving
Approved rendering: ଏହି କୃପାପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ
Transliteration: ehi kṛpāpūrṇṇa kārya
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Original: χάρις
Category: Giving
χάρις in its extended sense naming the Macedonians’ generous giving and Titus’s organizing work as itself a manifestation of grace (8:1,4,6-7,9,19). Reuses baseline କୃପା as semantic anchor. Key doctrinal contrast with Odisha’s dāna (religious almsgiving) and chadhaa (temple-offering) tradition, in which giving is widely understood as generating religious merit (puṇya); giving here flows from grace already received, not merit accumulated. Fix this descriptive phrase as a single template across chs. 8-9 rather than allowing free variation.
Cheerful Giver
Approved rendering: ହୃଷ୍ଟଚିତ୍ତ ଦାତା
Transliteration: hṛṣṭacitta dātā
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Original: ἱλαρὸν δότην
Category: Giving
ἱλαρὸν δότην (9:7), one who gives freely and joyfully, not under compulsion or reluctant duty. Must be taught as giving flowing freely from grace already received (echoing 8:9), not a merit-earning religious duty within Odisha’s dāna/chadhaa tradition.
Boasting
Approved rendering: ଗର୍ବ କରିବା / ପ୍ରଭୁଙ୍କଠାରେ ଗର୍ବ କର
Transliteration: garba karibā / prabhuṅkaṭhāre garba kara
Doctrine: Boasting Only in the Lord
Original: καυχάομαι
Category: Apostleship
καυχάομαι, occurring throughout 5:12; 10:8,13,15-18; 11:16-18,30; 12:1,5-6,9. Bare ଗର୍ବ (unqualified) always marks the negative/sinful self-commendation sense (used by the false ‘super-apostles’); the qualified form ପ୍ରଭୁଙ୍କଠାରେ ଗର୍ବ କର (‘boast in the Lord,’ reusing baseline ପ୍ରଭୁ) always marks Paul’s legitimate paradoxical boasting. This discriminating rule must be applied at every occurrence to preserve Paul’s central rhetorical paradox.
False Apostles
Approved rendering: ମିଥ୍ୟା ପ୍ରେରିତ
Transliteration: mithyā prerita
Doctrine: Genuine versus False Apostleship
Original: ψευδαπόστολοι
Category: Apostleship
ψευδαπόστολοι (11:13). Reuses baseline ପ୍ରେରିତ exactly; names impostors, not merely mistaken teachers.
Super Apostles
Approved rendering: ଅତି ଶ୍ରେଷ୍ଠ ପ୍ରେରିତ
Transliteration: ati śreṣṭha prerita
Doctrine: Genuine versus False Apostleship
Original: ὑπερλίαν ἀπόστολοι
Category: Apostleship
ὑπερλίαν ἀπόστολοι (11:5; 12:11), Paul’s ironic label for self-promoting rival teachers. Odia has no lexical sarcasm-marker equivalent to English scare-quotes; irony must be carried by surrounding clause structure and, where necessary, a translator note — a flat literal rendering risks conceding the false teachers’ claimed superior status, which Paul does not grant.
Paradise Third Heaven
Approved rendering: ପାରାଦୀଶ / ତୃତୀୟ ସ୍ୱର୍ଗ
Transliteration: Pārādīśa / tṛtīya swarga
Doctrine: Paradise and Heavenly Vision
Original: παράδεισος / τρίτος οὐρανός
Category: Eschatology
παράδεισος/τρίτος οὐρανός (12:2-4), Paul’s vision of God’s immediate presence. ସ୍ୱର୍ଗ (svarga) in Hindu cosmology names a temporary heavenly abode where karma-merit is enjoyed before eventual rebirth (saṃsāra). The transliterated ପାରାଦୀଶ paired with ତୃତୀୟ ସ୍ୱର୍ଗ signals a distinct, specifically Christian concept; standing translator note required distinguishing biblical paradise as God’s own eternal, non-cyclical presence.
Weakness
Approved rendering: ଦୁର୍ବଳତା
Transliteration: durbalatā
Doctrine: Power in Weakness
Original: ἀσθένεια
Category: Power in Weakness
ἀσθένεια (4:10 implied; 11:30; 12:5,9-10; 13:4,9). Pairs directly with baseline ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ in the doctrine’s key contrast; must never be paired with ଶକ୍ତି, which would invoke Odisha’s Shakta divine-feminine power tradition rather than the Pauline power-through-frailty paradox.
Flesh Worldly Viewpoint
Approved rendering: ଶାରୀରିକ ଦୃଷ୍ଟିରେ
Transliteration: śārīrika dṛṣṭire
Doctrine: Christian Identity in Christ
Original: κατὰ σάρκα
Category: Christian Identity in Christ
κατὰ σάρκα (5:16), evaluating people, including Christ, by external/worldly criteria rather than by their standing in Christ. A distinct sense of σάρξ from the baseline Incarnation term ଦେହଧାରଣ; translators must not import ଦେହଧାରଣ here — this is an adjectival, evaluative-standard sense of the same root word, not a Christological claim.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: ପ୍ରେରିତ
Transliteration: prerita
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: ଗୁରୁ
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Established Odia Christian term. Base term for the new compound family ‘false apostles’/‘super-apostles’ unique to 2 Corinthians 10-12; occurs also at 1:1; 8:23; 11:5,13; 12:11-12.
Peace
Approved rendering: ଶାନ୍ତି
Transliteration: śānti
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: ମନ ଶାନ୍ତି
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 2 Corinthians 13:11 in the closing exhortation.
Church
Approved rendering: ମଣ୍ଡଳୀ
Transliteration: maṇḍaḷī
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: ମନ୍ଦିର, ଦେଉଳ
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Never ମନ୍ଦିର or ଦେଉଳ. Occurs throughout, especially the collection narrative (8:1,18-19,23-24; 11:8,28; 12:13). NOTE: a distinct, sharper Critical-risk collision exists for ναός (‘temple,’ 6:16) — see new term temple_of_the_living_god; do not conflate the two Greek words or their risk profiles.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: ଅନ୍ୟଜାତି
Transliteration: anyajāti
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: ବିଦେଶୀ
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Relevant to the Gentile-inclusive framing of the Jerusalem collection in chs. 8-9.
Intercession
Approved rendering: ମଧ୍ୟସ୍ଥତା
Transliteration: madhyasthatā
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Original: δέησις / ἔντευξις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 2 Corinthians 1:11 (implied) and 13:7,9 regarding mutual prayer support.
Minister Servant
Approved rendering: ସେବକ
Transliteration: sebaka
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Original: διάκονος
Category: Apostleship
διάκονος — one performing delegated service (of the gospel, 3:6; 6:4; 11:15,23, the last ironically of Satan’s servants). Standing translator note required against a hereditary-office reading tied to temple sevayat status.
Veil
Approved rendering: ଆବରଣ
Transliteration: ābaraṇa
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Rejected alternatives: ଘୁଙ୍ଘଟ
Original: κάλυμμα
Category: Covenant
κάλυμμα (3:13-16), Moses’ veil and the veil over hearts reading the old covenant apart from Christ. Never ଘୁଙ୍ଘଟ, the everyday Odia bridal/marital modesty head-covering, which would import unrelated cultural associations.
Transformed
Approved rendering: ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତିତ / ରୂପାନ୍ତରିତ
Transliteration: paribartita / rūpāntarita
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: μεταμορφόω
Category: Sanctification
μεταμορφούμεθα (3:18), believers progressively transformed into Christ’s image ‘from one degree of glory to another.’ Must not be substituted for ନୂତନ ସୃଷ୍ଟି’s punctiliar sense in 5:17 — related but not interchangeable.
Comfort
Approved rendering: ସାନ୍ତ୍ୱନା
Transliteration: sāntwanā
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
Original: παράκλησις / παρακαλέω
Category: Suffering and Comfort
παράκλησις/παρακαλέω in its consolation sense (1:3-7; 7:4-7,13). Must be distinguished contextually from baseline ଉତ୍ସାହିତ କରିବା (encouragement sense of the same root) and ନିବେଦନ (the entreaty sense in 5:20).
Guarantee Deposit
Approved rendering: ବିଆନା
Transliteration: biānā
Doctrine: Assurance by the Spirit: Guarantee and Seal
Original: ἀρραβών
Category: Assurance
ἀρραβών (1:22; 5:5), the Holy Spirit given now as God’s pledge guaranteeing the believer’s future full inheritance. ବିଆନା is the everyday Odia commercial/property earnest-money deposit term; must always co-occur with baseline ପବିତ୍ର ଆତ୍ମା to avoid a purely transactional reading disconnected from the Spirit’s person.
Seal
Approved rendering: ମୋହରାଙ୍କିତ କରିବା
Transliteration: moharāṅkita karibā
Doctrine: Assurance by the Spirit: Guarantee and Seal
Original: σφραγίζω
Category: Assurance
σφραγίζω (1:22), to stamp with a seal of ownership/authentication. Pairs with ‘guarantee/deposit’; standard commercial/authentication imagery, low collision risk.
Fragrance
Approved rendering: ସୁଗନ୍ଧ
Transliteration: sugandha
Doctrine: Triumph of Christ
Original: ὀσμή
Category: Apostleship
ὀσμή (2:14-16), the knowledge of Christ spread through the apostles, an aroma of life or death. Positive resonance with Odia devotional dhupa/incense imagery offered before deities, including at Jagannath temple ritual; translator note must clarify this is a metaphor for gospel proclamation, not a literal ritual-incense offering.
Outer Inner Man
Approved rendering: ବାହାର ମନୁଷ୍ୟ / ଭିତର ମନୁଷ୍ୟ
Transliteration: bāhāra manuṣya / bhitara manuṣya
Doctrine: Suffering and Comfort in Ministry
Original: ὁ ἔξω ἄνθρωπος / ὁ ἔσω ἄνθρωπος
Category: Suffering and Comfort
ὁ ἔξω/ἔσω ἄνθρωπος (4:16), the physically decaying outer self versus the Spirit-renewed inner self. Must be distinguished from Vedantic teaching in which the inner self (ātman) is ultimately identical with the impersonal universal Brahman (ପରମାତ୍ମା, already forbidden for Holy Spirit); the renewed ‘inner man’ remains a personal believer indwelt by the personal, distinct ପବିତ୍ର ଆତ୍ମା.
Treasure In Jars Of Clay
Approved rendering: ମାଟି ପାତ୍ରରେ ଧନ
Transliteration: māṭi pātrare dhana
Doctrine: Power in Weakness
Original: θησαυρὸς ἐν ὀστρακίνοις σκεύεσιν
Category: Power in Weakness
θησαυρὸς ἐν ὀστρακίνοις σκεύεσιν (4:7), the surpassing power of the gospel entrusted to weak, mortal apostles. Anchors the Power in Weakness doctrine; low collision risk.
Eternal House
Approved rendering: ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କଠାରୁ ମିଳିଥିବା ଅନନ୍ତ ଗୃହ
Transliteration: —
Doctrine: New Creation in Christ
Original: οἰκοδομὴν ἐκ θεοῦ, οἰκίαν αἰώνιον
Category: New Creation
οἰκοδομὴν ἐκ θεοῦ, οἰκίαν αἰώνιον (5:1), the resurrection body permanently given by God. Reuses baseline ପରମେଶ୍ୱର; keep paired with ‘tent’ to preserve the temporary-vs-permanent contrast.
Judgment Seat Of Christ
Approved rendering: ବିଚାର ଆସନ
Transliteration: bicāra āsana
Doctrine: Judgment Seat of Christ
Original: βῆμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ
Category: Assurance
βῆμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ (5:10), the tribunal before which believers give account. Must be distinguished from unbelievers’ condemnatory judgment; this is an accountability-tribunal for believers, not a threat to their salvation status.
Unequally Yoked
Approved rendering: ଅସମାନ ଜୁଆଳି
Transliteration: asamāna juāḷi
Doctrine: Unequal Partnership and Separation
Original: ἑτεροζυγοῦντες
Category: Apostleship
ἑτεροζυγοῦντες (6:14), a mismatched, binding partnership between believers and unbelievers. Natural resonance with Odisha’s agrarian ox-yoke farming culture; low collision risk.
Godly Sorrow
Approved rendering: ଈଶ୍ୱରୀୟ ଦୁଃଖ
Transliteration: Īśwarīya duḥkha
Doctrine: Godly Sorrow and Repentance
Original: λύπη κατὰ θεόν
Category: Repentance
λύπη κατὰ θεόν (7:9-10), God-oriented grief producing repentance, contrasted with worldly sorrow producing death/despair. Contrast with worldly sorrow must be preserved in context.
Repentance
Approved rendering: ମନ ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ
Transliteration: mana paribartana
Doctrine: Godly Sorrow and Repentance
Original: μετάνοια
Category: Repentance
μετάνοια (7:9-10), a change of mind/heart and direction, not mere regret.
Equality Fair Balance
Approved rendering: ସମାନତା
Transliteration: samānatā
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Original: ἰσότης
Category: Giving
ἰσότης (8:13-14), fair balance between abundance and need, not identical redistribution. Resonates positively with the baseline’s anti-caste unity doctrines; a reinforcing, not competing, association.
Indescribable Gift
Approved rendering: ଅବର୍ଣ୍ଣନୀୟ ଦାନ
Transliteration: abarṇanīya dāna
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Original: ἀνεκδιήγητος δωρεά
Category: Giving
ἀνεκδιήγητος δωρεά (9:15), Christ himself as God’s ultimate, inexpressible gift. ଦାନ sits inside the crowded dāna/chadhaa semantic neighborhood; direction of giving (God to believers, not believers to temple) must remain unambiguous in context.
Angel Of Light
Approved rendering: ଦୀପ୍ତିମାନ ଦୂତ
Transliteration: dīptimāna dūta
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and Discernment
Original: ἄγγελος φωτός
Category: Spiritual Warfare
ἄγγελος φωτός (11:14), Satan’s disguise as a messenger of divine light. Clarify this is deception imagery, not a legitimate manifestation of ମହିମା (glory).
Thorn In The Flesh
Approved rendering: ଶରୀରର କଣ୍ଟା
Transliteration: śarīrara kaṇṭā
Doctrine: Power in Weakness
Original: σκόλοψ τῇ σαρκί
Category: Power in Weakness
σκόλοψ τῇ σαρκί (12:7-9), a persistent affliction given to keep Paul humble and dependent on grace. Translator note should clarify the text deliberately leaves the identity of the ‘thorn’ unspecified; not resolved by removal but by grace sustaining through it.
Signs Of A True Apostle
Approved rendering: ପ୍ରେରିତଙ୍କ ଚିହ୍ନ
Transliteration: preritaṅka cihna
Doctrine: Genuine versus False Apostleship
Original: σημεῖα τοῦ ἀποστόλου
Category: Apostleship
σημεῖα τοῦ ἀποστόλου (12:12), the evidences validating Paul’s genuine apostolic commission. Reuses baseline ପ୍ରେରିତ.
Fear Of The Lord
Approved rendering: ପ୍ରଭୁଙ୍କ ଭୟ
Transliteration: prabhuṅka bhaya
Doctrine: Sincerity and Apostolic Authority
Original: φόβος τοῦ κυρίου
Category: Apostleship
φόβος τοῦ κυρίου (5:11), reverential accountability to Christ as Judge, motivating sincere ministry. Reuses baseline ପ୍ରଭୁ (never ଠାକୁର); must convey reverential awe, not craven terror. Elevated risk given its structural position as the opening clause of the core passage.
Trespasses
Approved rendering: ଅପରାଧ
Transliteration: aparādha
Doctrine: Reconciliation with God
Original: παράπτωμα
Category: Reconciliation
παράπτωμα (5:19,21), a specific lapse/offense distinguished from sin as a general condition (ἁμαρτία, baseline ପାପ). Keep distinguishable from ପାପ where both appear in the same passage, though both may be glossed ‘sin’ in English.
Love Of Christ
Approved rendering: ଖ୍ରୀଷ୍ଟଙ୍କ ପ୍ରେମ
Transliteration: Khrīṣṭaṅka prema
Doctrine: Substitutionary Atonement
Original: ἀγάπη τοῦ Χριστοῦ
Category: Christology
ἀγάπη τοῦ Χριστοῦ (5:14), Christ’s self-giving, sacrificial love that motivates all apostolic ministry. ପ୍ରେମ is standard but must retain the sense of sacrificial, others-directed love, not romantic or merely emotional love.
Compelled By Love
Approved rendering: ବାଧ୍ୟ କରୁଅଛି
Transliteration: bādhya karuachi
Doctrine: Substitutionary Atonement
Original: συνέχει
Category: Christology
συνέχει (5:14), Christ’s love as the singular, all-encompassing constraint on Paul’s ministry, leaving no room for self-interest. Distinguish from mere emotional motivation; this is a compelling, controlling constraint.
Low Risk Terms
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: ଧନ୍ୟବାଦ ସ୍ତୁତି
Transliteration: dhanyabāda stuti
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 1:11; 2:14; 4:15; 9:11-12,15.
Fellowship
Approved rendering: ସହଭାଗିତା
Transliteration: sahabhāgitā
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: ମିତ୍ରତା
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs at 6:14; 8:4 (implied); and the Trinitarian benediction of 13:14.
Exhort
Approved rendering: ଉତ୍ସାହିତ କରିବା
Transliteration: utsāhita karibā
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. This baseline sense (encouragement/building up) must be kept distinct from the new ‘comfort’ (ସାନ୍ତ୍ୱନା) and ‘entreaty’ (ନିବେଦନ) senses of the same Greek verb-family surfaced elsewhere in 2 Corinthians (chs. 1, 5, 7).
Tent
Approved rendering: ତମ୍ବୁ
Transliteration: tambu
Doctrine: New Creation in Christ
Original: σκῆνος
Category: New Creation
σκῆνος (5:1), the mortal body as a temporary dwelling, contrasted with the permanent ‘building/house’ from God.
Belial
Approved rendering: ବେଲିୟଲ
Transliteration: Beliyala
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and Discernment
Original: Βελίαρ
Category: Spiritual Warfare
Βελίαρ (6:15), a name for Satan. Transliterate; gloss with ଶୟତାନ on first occurrence.
Sowing And Reaping
Approved rendering: ବୁଣିବା / କାଟିବା
Transliteration: buṇibā / kāṭibā
Doctrine: Generosity and Grace in Giving
Original: σπείρω / θερίζω
Category: Giving
σπείρων/θερίζων (9:6), agricultural metaphor for generous vs. sparing giving. Natural resonance with Odisha’s rice-farming agrarian culture; low collision risk.
Stronghold
Approved rendering: ଦୁର୍ଗ
Transliteration: durga
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and Discernment
Original: ὀχύρωμα
Category: Spiritual Warfare
ὀχύρωμα (10:4), a fortified position of resistance to God’s truth, demolished by spiritual weapons. Standard metaphorical fortress imagery; low collision risk.
Examine Yourselves
Approved rendering: ନିଜକୁ ପରୀକ୍ଷା କର
Transliteration: nijaku parīkṣā kara
Doctrine: Judgment Seat of Christ
Original: ἑαυτοὺς πειράζετε, ἑαυτοὺς δοκιμάζετε
Category: Sanctification
ἑαυτοὺς πειράζετε, ἑαυτοὺς δοκιμάζετε (13:5), self-examination as to whether one is genuinely in the faith. Standard self-testing imagery; low collision risk.
Holy Kiss
Approved rendering: ପବିତ୍ର ଚୁମ୍ବନ
Transliteration: pabitra cumbana
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Original: φίλημα ἁγίῳ
Category: Christian Fellowship
φίλημα ἁγίῳ (13:12), a form of warm greeting among believers. Reuses baseline ପବିତ୍ର. A literal kiss-greeting is not customary in most Odia social contexts; render literally per doctrinal-preservation convention, with translator note clarifying this names a greeting form, not a prescribed physical gesture.
Low-Medium Risk Terms
Weapons Of Warfare
Approved rendering: ଯୁଦ୍ଧର ଅସ୍ତ୍ର
Transliteration: yuddhara astra
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and Discernment
Original: ὅπλα τῆς στρατείας
Category: Spiritual Warfare
ὅπλα τῆς στρατείας (10:4), the apostles’ divinely powerful, non-fleshly weapons for spiritual conflict. Clarify metaphorical, spiritual application rather than literal military force.
Referenced passages