Semantic Analysis: James (Full Book) — English → Odia

Methodology

This analysis follows the PRD Phase 1 Step 1 mandate: full-book coverage of James in the original Koine Greek, chapter 1 through chapter 5, with verse-by-verse treatment of the core passage (James 2:14-26) and chapter-level treatment of every other chapter’s load-bearing theological vocabulary. Where a term already appears in the baseline Romans Language Package (translation_memory.json / bible_term_registry.json), the recorded Odia rendering is reused exactly and marked [REUSED FROM ROMANS BASELINE]. New terms are analyzed against the same Odisha-specific religious landscape documented in the baseline (Jagannath temple devotion at Puri, Odia Vaishnav bhakti tradition, the Panchasakha poet-saints’ Odia Bhagavata, Shakta goddess devotion, and generic Hindu philosophical vocabulary — karma, saṁsāra, mokṣa/mukti, jñāna, siddha, prāyaścitta) since these are the collision risks a destination-language translator will face regardless of which NT book is in view.

James is a book of practical, ethical wisdom addressed to scattered Jewish-Christian congregations (“the twelve tribes in the Dispersion,” 1:1) and is unusually dense in load-bearing ethical-theological vocabulary relative to its length. Several terms create new Odisha-specific collision risks not previously documented in the Romans baseline (notably ἔργα/“works,” κόσμος/“world,” σοφία/“wisdom,” γέεννα/“hell,” and the mutual-confession language of 5:16), because these intersect directly with karma-phala doctrine, saṁsāra cosmology, jñāna-mārga (the path of gnosis), and prāyaścitta (ritual expiation) — none of which arose as sharply in Romans.

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CORE PASSAGE: James 2:14-26 — Faith and Works

This is the theological anchor of the curriculum and of the book. Paul (Romans 3:28; 4:2-5) and James appear, in English translation, to say opposite things about “justification … by works.” They do not contradict each other in the Greek conceptual field, but the destination-language rendering must preserve the distinction with extreme care: Paul denies that a sinner can be initially, forensically declared righteous before God on the basis of law-works; James denies that a merely verbal, fruitless “faith” can be a living, saving faith at all — the works he describes evidence and complete a faith already present, they do not earn it. This distinction is the single highest-risk theological-translation decision in the entire James curriculum and must be flagged for human theologian review at every occurrence of δικαιόω/ἔργα in this passage.

James 2:14

Greek: Τί τὸ ὄφελος, ἀδελφοί μου, ἐὰν πίστιν λέγῃ τις ἔχειν ἔργα δὲ μὴ ἔχῃ; μὴ δύναται ἡ πίστις σῶσαι αὐτόν;

Term	Transliteration	Literal Meaning	Semantic Range	English Variants	Contextual Theological Meaning	Odia Rendering	Risk
ἀδελφοί	adelphoi	brothers	siblings; fellow believers (inclusive)	“brothers,” “brothers and sisters,” “my friends”	Address to the whole believing community, not biological kin	ଭାଇମାନେ (bhāimāne)	Low
πίστις	pistis	faith, trust	belief; trust; fidelity; the body of belief	”faith,” “belief”	[REUSED FROM ROMANS BASELINE — ବିଶ୍ୱାସ, High] Personal trust in Christ; here specifically the claim to possess such trust	ବିଶ୍ୱାସ (biśwāsa)	High
ἔργα	erga	works, deeds	actions; deeds; observable conduct; (elsewhere) ritual/legal observances	”works,” “deeds,” “actions”	NEW — central to curriculum doctrine “Faith and Works.” The observable, Spirit-produced conduct that authenticates genuine faith. See glossary note below on the Odia karma-phala collision risk.	କର୍ମ (karma)	High
σῶσαι (< σῴζω)	sōsai	to save	rescue; deliver; (elsewhere in James 5:15) heal physically	”save”	[REUSED FROM ROMANS BASELINE concept — ପରିତ୍ରାଣ, Critical] Eschatological/spiritual deliverance, the same deliverance Paul describes forensically in Romans; James asks whether a fruitless verbal claim to faith can actually accomplish this	ପରିତ୍ରାଣ କରିପାରିବ (paritrāṇa karipāriba)	Critical

Translator note: This verse frames the whole unit as a rhetorical question, not a doctrinal denial that faith saves — the implied answer is “no, that kind of faith cannot,” not “faith itself does not save.” The Odia interrogative form must preserve this rhetorical (not flatly declarative) force.

James 2:15

Greek: ἐὰν ἀδελφὸς ἢ ἀδελφὴ γυμνοὶ ὑπάρχωσιν καὶ λειπόμενοι τῆς ἐφημέρου τροφῆς

Term	Transliteration	Literal Meaning	Semantic Range	English Variants	Contextual Theological Meaning	Odia Rendering	Risk
γυμνός	gymnos	naked	unclothed; inadequately/poorly clothed	”naked,” “poorly clothed,” “without clothes”	Illustrates concrete material need, not literal nudity	ବିନା ବସ୍ତ୍ରରେ (binā bastrare) / ଅଭାବଗ୍ରସ୍ତ	Low
ἐφήμερος τροφή	ephēmeros trophē	daily food	food for the day; sustenance	”daily food,” “day’s food”	Concrete, everyday physical need standing for the test case of “works”	ଦିନର ଖାଦ୍ୟ (dinara khādya)	Low

James 2:16

Greek: εἴπῃ δέ τις αὐτοῖς ἐξ ὑμῶν, Ὑπάγετε ἐν εἰρήνῃ, θερμαίνεσθε καὶ χορτάζεσθε, μὴ δῶτε δὲ αὐτοῖς τὰ ἐπιτήδεια τοῦ σώματος, τί τὸ ὄφελος;

Term	Transliteration	Literal Meaning	Semantic Range	English Variants	Contextual Theological Meaning	Odia Rendering	Risk
εἰρήνῃ (< εἰρήνη)	eirēnē	peace	a farewell/blessing formula; relational peace	”go in peace,” “go well”	[REUSED FROM ROMANS BASELINE — ଶାନ୍ତି, Medium] Used here as an empty conventional blessing, ironically contrasted with the absence of concrete help	ଶାନ୍ତିରେ ଯାଅ (śāntire jāa)	Medium
τὰ ἐπιτήδεια τοῦ σώματος	ta epitēdeia tou sōmatos	the necessities of the body	bodily needs; material provision	”bodily needs,” “what the body needs”	James’s test case: pious words without material action	ଶରୀରର ଆବଶ୍ୟକତା (śarīrara ābaśyakatā)	Low

James 2:17

Greek: οὕτως καὶ ἡ πίστις, ἐὰν μὴ ἔχῃ ἔργα, νεκρά ἐστιν καθ’ ἑαυτήν.

Term	Transliteration	Literal Meaning	Semantic Range	English Variants	Contextual Theological Meaning	Odia Rendering	Risk
νεκρά (< νεκρός)	nekra	dead	lifeless; inert; without vital force	”dead,” “lifeless”	NEW, central metaphor. Faith that produces no works is not weak faith but no faith at all — it is a corpse, not a living organism	ମୃତ (mṛta)	High
καθ’ ἑαυτήν	kath’ heautēn	by itself, in itself	isolated; considered alone	”by itself,” “all alone”	Faith considered in isolation from its necessary fruit	ନିଜେ ନିଜେ (nije nije)	Low

Translator note: ମୃତ (dead) must not be softened to “weak” or “incomplete” — James’s rhetorical force depends on the starkness of “dead.”

James 2:18

Greek: Ἀλλ’ ἐρεῖ τις, Σὺ πίστιν ἔχεις κἀγὼ ἔργα ἔχω· δεῖξόν μοι τὴν πίστιν σου χωρὶς τῶν ἔργων, κἀγώ σοι δείξω ἐκ τῶν ἔργων μου τὴν πίστιν.

Term	Transliteration	Literal Meaning	Semantic Range	English Variants	Contextual Theological Meaning	Odia Rendering	Risk
δεῖξον / δείξω (< δείκνυμι)	deixon / deixō	show! / I will show	demonstrate; make visible; prove	”show,” “demonstrate,” “prove”	Works are the evidence by which invisible faith becomes visible — an epistemological, not a meritorious, function	ଦେଖାଅ / ଦେଖାଇବି (dekhāa / dekhāibi)	High

Translator note: The Odia verb chosen for δείκνυμι must carry a strictly evidentiary sense (“make visible/prove”) and must not drift toward a sense of “produce/earn,” which would blur the works-as-evidence vs. works-as-merit distinction central to this doctrine.

James 2:19

Greek: σὺ πιστεύεις ὅτι εἷς ἐστιν ὁ θεός· καλῶς ποιεῖς· καὶ τὰ δαιμόνια πιστεύουσιν καὶ φρίσσουσιν.

Term	Transliteration	Literal Meaning	Semantic Range	English Variants	Contextual Theological Meaning	Odia Rendering	Risk
εἷς … ὁ θεός	heis … ho theos	one … God	strict monotheism; the Shema echo (Deut 6:4)	“God is one,” “one God”	[θεός REUSED FROM ROMANS BASELINE — ପରମେଶ୍ୱର, Critical] Bare monotheistic assent is possible even for demons; it is not saving faith	ପରମେଶ୍ୱର ଏକ ଅଟନ୍ତି (Parameśwara eka aṭanti)	Critical
δαιμόνια	daimonia	demons	evil spiritual beings under Satan’s dominion	”demons,” “evil spirits”	Must be distinguished from generic Odia folk-animist ଭୂତ (ancestral/nature spirits); these are the personal, malevolent spiritual beings of NT cosmology	ଭୂତପ୍ରେତ (bhūtapreta) / ମନ୍ଦ ଆତ୍ମା (manda ātmā)	High
φρίσσουσιν (< φρίσσω)	phrissousin	shudder	tremble in fear/horror	”shudder,” “tremble”	Even demonic recognition of God produces terror, not saving trust — proof that intellectual assent alone is not faith	ଥରହର ହୁଅନ୍ତି (tharahara huanti)	Low

James 2:20

Greek: Θέλεις δὲ γνῶναι, ὦ ἄνθρωπε κενέ, ὅτι ἡ πίστις χωρὶς τῶν ἔργων ἀργή ἐστιν;

Term	Transliteration	Literal Meaning	Semantic Range	English Variants	Contextual Theological Meaning	Odia Rendering	Risk
κενέ (< κενός)	kene	empty, foolish	empty-headed; senseless; futile	”foolish man,” “empty-headed person”	Direct, sharp rebuke of the interlocutor’s shallow claim	ମୂର୍ଖ (mūrkha)	Low
ἀργή (< ἀργός)	argē	idle, useless, barren	inactive; unproductive; (textual variant of νεκρά, “dead”)	“useless,” “barren,” “unfruitful”	A second image (barrenness) reinforcing v.17’s “dead”	ନିଷ୍ଫଳ (niṣphaḷa)	Medium

James 2:21

Greek: Ἀβραὰμ ὁ πατὴρ ἡμῶν οὐκ ἐξ ἔργων ἐδικαιώθη, ἀνενέγκας Ἰσαὰκ τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον;

Term	Transliteration	Literal Meaning	Semantic Range	English Variants	Contextual Theological Meaning	Odia Rendering	Risk
Ἀβραάμ	Abraam	Abraham	proper name	”Abraham”	Covenant father figure; established Odia Bible form	ଅବ୍ରାହାମ (Abrāhāma)	Low
ἐδικαιώθη (< δικαιόω)	edikaiōthē	was justified	was declared/shown righteous; was vindicated	”was justified,” “was shown righteous,” “was vindicated”	CRITICAL — see extended note under v.24. Here James describes Abraham’s justification as demonstrated/vindicated through the offering of Isaac (Gen 22), a later event than Genesis 15:6’s crediting of righteousness by faith alone (already cited by Paul, Romans 4:3, and appearing verbatim in v.23 below)	ଧାର୍ମିକ ବୋଲି ଗଣା ହେଲେ (dhārmika boli gaṇā hele)	Critical
θυσιαστήριον	thysiastērion	altar	place of sacrificial offering	”altar”	Concrete cultic setting of the Isaac narrative	ବେଦି (bedi)	Medium

Translator note: The verb form “ଧାର୍ମିକ ବୋଲି ଗଣା ହେଲେ” extends the baseline noun-compound “ଧାର୍ମିକ ବୋଲି ଗଣା ଯିବା” (justification) into past-tense passive verb form for narrative use. This exact extension must be used consistently at 2:21, 2:24, 2:25 rather than inventing a shorter one-word substitute, per the baseline’s rule that justification is never abbreviated to a single word.

James 2:22

Greek: βλέπεις ὅτι ἡ πίστις συνήργει τοῖς ἔργοις αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἔργων ἡ πίστις ἐτελειώθη;

Term	Transliteration	Literal Meaning	Semantic Range	English Variants	Contextual Theological Meaning	Odia Rendering	Risk
συνήργει (< συνεργέω)	synērgei	was working together with	cooperated; worked jointly	”worked together with,” “cooperated with”	Faith and works are not competitors but co-operating realities — must not be rendered so as to suggest works contribute merit alongside faith toward earning salvation	ସହଯୋଗ କରୁଥିଲା (sahayoga karuthilā)	High
ἐτελειώθη (< τελειόω, root τέλειος)	eteleiōthē	was made complete/perfected	brought to maturity; completed; fulfilled its purpose	”was made complete,” “was perfected,” “reached its goal”	Works bring faith to its intended, mature expression; not “perfection” in a flawless-attainment sense	ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ହେଲା (sampūrṇa helā)	High

Translator note: Avoid ସିଦ୍ଧ (siddha) for τελειόω — in Odia religious usage a siddha is a spiritually “accomplished” or “perfected” yogic adept who has attained supernatural siddhi through disciplined practice, which would wrongly imply that works generate a self-attained spiritual accomplishment rather than bringing an already-God-given faith to its intended maturity.

James 2:23

Greek: καὶ ἐπληρώθη ἡ γραφὴ ἡ λέγουσα, Ἐπίστευσεν δὲ Ἀβραὰμ τῷ θεῷ, καὶ ἐλογίσθη αὐτῷ εἰς δικαιοσύνην, καὶ φίλος θεοῦ ἐκλήθη.

Term	Transliteration	Literal Meaning	Semantic Range	English Variants	Contextual Theological Meaning	Odia Rendering	Risk
ἐπληρώθη ἡ γραφή	eplērōthē hē graphē	the scripture was fulfilled	the written word came to its intended completion	”the scripture was fulfilled”	Genesis 15:6 finds its intended, fuller demonstration in the Isaac narrative	ଶାସ୍ତ୍ର ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ହେଲା (śāstra pūrṇa helā)	Medium
ἐλογίσθη αὐτῷ εἰς δικαιοσύνην	elogisthē autō eis dikaiosynēn	it was credited/reckoned to him for righteousness	imputed; accounted; credited	”was credited to him as righteousness,” “was reckoned to him as righteousness”	[EXACT MATCH — REUSED FROM ROMANS BASELINE imputed_righteousness, Critical] Righteousness credited by God on the basis of faith, quoting Genesis 15:6 (the same verse cited in Romans 4:3) — this is the forensic, faith-alone moment James presupposes and does not overturn	ଆରୋପିତ ଧାର୍ମିକତା (āropita dhārmikatā)	Critical
φίλος θεοῦ	philos theou	friend of God	one in a relationship of loyalty/intimacy with God	”friend of God”	NEW — central to curriculum doctrine “Worldliness versus Friendship with God.” The positive counterpart to 4:4’s “friendship with the world is enmity with God”; this status flows from faith already credited, then lived out	ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ମିତ୍ର (Parameśwaraṅka mitra)	High

Translator note: This verse is the fulcrum of the whole passage: the Odia rendering must make unmistakably clear that “credited righteousness” (v.23) precedes and grounds “was justified/shown righteous by works” (v.21, v.24) — the works demonstrate and complete what faith already received as a gift. A translator’s footnote distinguishing James’s “vindicating/demonstrative” justification from Paul’s “forensic/initial” justification (Romans 3:28; 4:2-5) is REQUIRED at this verse for curriculum materials.

James 2:24

Greek: ὁρᾶτε ὅτι ἐξ ἔργων δικαιοῦται ἄνθρωπος, καὶ οὐκ ἐκ πίστεως μόνον.

Term	Transliteration	Literal Meaning	Semantic Range	English Variants	Contextual Theological Meaning	Odia Rendering	Risk
δικαιοῦται (< δικαιόω, present passive)	dikaioutai	is justified	is declared/shown righteous	”is justified,” “is shown to be righteous”	CRITICAL — the sharpest doctrinal-translation decision in the curriculum. Read alongside Romans 3:28 (“justified by faith apart from works of the law”), this verse appears to contradict Paul. Resolution: James addresses the evidentiary/vindicating sense — a claimed faith is shown to be genuine (before other people and before God’s own assessment of its reality) by its fruit — not the initial forensic declaration Paul describes, which is by faith alone apart from any works. The Odia rendering must use the same justification-family verb as vv.21/25 (consistency) while requiring a mandatory translator/theologian note explaining the distinct sense at every occurrence	ମନୁଷ୍ୟ କର୍ମ ଦ୍ୱାରା ଧାର୍ମିକ ବୋଲି ଗଣା ହୁଏ, କେବଳ ବିଶ୍ୱାସ ଦ୍ୱାରା ନୁହେଁ (manuṣya karma dwārā dhārmika boli gaṇā hue, kebaḷa biśwāsa dwārā nuhen)	Critical

Translator note: MANDATORY human theologian review. Include a footnote in curriculum materials: “James here answers the question ‘What kind of faith saves?’ (a dead faith that produces no fruit cannot); Paul in Romans answers the question ‘On what basis is a sinner first declared righteous before God?’ (by faith alone, apart from works of the law). Both affirm that saving faith inevitably produces obedient works (cf. Romans 6; James’s own ‘obedience of faith’ resonance).”

James 2:25

Greek: ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ Ῥαὰβ ἡ πόρνη οὐκ ἐξ ἔργων ἐδικαιώθη, ὑποδεξαμένη τοὺς ἀγγέλους καὶ ἑτέρᾳ ὁδῷ ἐκβαλοῦσα;

Term	Transliteration	Literal Meaning	Semantic Range	English Variants	Contextual Theological Meaning	Odia Rendering	Risk
Ῥαὰβ ἡ πόρνη	Rhaab hē pornē	Rahab the prostitute	proper name + occupation/moral descriptor	”Rahab the prostitute/harlot”	A second, deliberately contrasting example (Gentile, female, morally disreputable) alongside Abraham — reinforces the universal scope of the works-evidence principle	ରାହବ ବେଶ୍ୟା (Rāhaba beśyā)	Medium
ὑποδεξαμένη τοὺς ἀγγέλους	hypodexamenē tous angelous	having received the messengers	welcomed/hosted the spies/messengers	”received the messengers/spies”	ἄγγελος here means human messengers (Israelite spies), not heavenly angels — must be rendered contextually to avoid confusion	ଦୂତମାନଙ୍କୁ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରି (dūtamānaṅku grahaṇa kari)	Medium

James 2:26

Greek: ὥσπερ γὰρ τὸ σῶμα χωρὶς πνεύματος νεκρόν ἐστιν, οὕτως καὶ ἡ πίστις χωρὶς ἔργων νεκρά ἐστιν.

Term	Transliteration	Literal Meaning	Semantic Range	English Variants	Contextual Theological Meaning	Odia Rendering	Risk
σῶμα	sōma	body	physical body	”body”	Concrete, everyday analogy closing the argument	ଶରୀର (śarīra)	Low
πνεῦμα	pneuma	spirit, breath	breath/life-force animating the body (NOT the Holy Spirit here)	“spirit,” “breath”	MUST NOT be confused with the capital-S Holy Spirit (ପବିତ୍ର ଆତ୍ମା, baseline Critical term). Here πνεῦμα is the ordinary animating breath that departs at death, a common-sense illustration, not a Trinitarian statement	ପ୍ରାଣ (prāṇa) / ଆତ୍ମା (ātmā, lower-case sense)	Medium
νεκρά	nekra	dead	see v.17	”dead”	Restates and seals the chapter’s controlling image	ମୃତ (mṛta)	High

Translator note: Recommend ପ୍ରାଣ (prāṇa, “breath/life”) rather than ଆତ୍ମା (ātmā) for πνεῦμα in this specific verse, to keep clear visual/lexical distance from ପବିତ୍ର ଆତ୍ମା (Holy Spirit) and from the Vedantic ātman (transmigrating self) concept — both would be false-friend risks if ଆତ୍ମା is used unqualified here.

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CHAPTER-BY-CHAPTER STUDY OF THE WHOLE BOOK

Chapter 1 — Trials, Wisdom, Hearing and Doing the Word

Term	Original / Translit.	Literal Meaning	Semantic Range	English Variants	Contextual Theological Meaning	Odia Rendering	Risk
δοῦλος	doulos	slave, bondservant	slave; servant; one wholly owned by a master	”servant,” “bondservant,” “slave”	James’s self-designation (1:1); voluntary, honored submission to Christ’s lordship	ଦାସ (dāsa)	Medium
κύριος	kyrios	Lord	supreme, exclusive authority	”Lord”	[REUSED FROM ROMANS BASELINE — ପ୍ରଭୁ, Critical] “God and the Lord Jesus Christ” (1:1); NEVER ଠାକୁର	ପ୍ରଭୁ (prabhu)	Critical
πειρασμός	peirasmos	trial, testing	external testing circumstance; (elsewhere) temptation to sin	”trials,” “testing,” “temptations”	NEW — central to doctrine “Trials and the Testing of Faith.” 1:2-4, 1:12 uses the external circumstance sense (trials that produce endurance); contrast with 1:13-14’s internal enticement sense (see πειράζω below) — context-sensitive, like baseline’s “called”	ପରୀକ୍ଷା (parīkṣā)	High
δοκίμιον	dokimion	testing, proven genuineness	the process/means of proving something genuine, as metal is tested by fire	”testing,” “genuineness,” “proof”	The trial’s purpose is to prove and refine, not to punish or randomly afflict	ପରୀକ୍ଷାର ଫଳ (parīkṣāra phaḷa)	Medium
ὑπομονή	hypomonē	endurance, steadfastness	patient perseverance under pressure; remaining steadfast	”endurance,” “perseverance,” “patience,” “steadfastness”	Active, hope-filled perseverance, distinct from passive fatalistic resignation (cf. Odia ଭାଗ୍ୟ, “fate,” already flagged in the Romans baseline for providence)	ସ୍ଥିରତା (sthiratā)	Medium
τέλειος	teleios	perfect, complete, mature	whole; lacking nothing; mature	”perfect,” “complete,” “mature,” “full-grown”	1:4, “let endurance have its full/mature effect”; 1:17, “every good and perfect gift”; 1:25, “perfect law”	ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ (sampūrṇa)	High
σοφία	sophia	wisdom	practical, God-given discernment for living	”wisdom”	NEW — central to doctrine “Wisdom from Above.” 1:5, freely given by God to those who ask; see also ch.3	ଜ୍ଞାନ (jñāna)	High
δίψυχος	dipsychos	double-souled, double-minded	inwardly divided; wavering in loyalty	”double-minded,” “double-souled,” “wavering”	1:8; the opposite of the single-hearted trust James commends when asking God for wisdom	ଦ୍ୱିମନା (dwimanā)	Medium
ταπείνωσις / πλούσιος	tapeinōsis / plousios	humiliation / rich	low estate / wealthy person	”humble circumstances” / “rich”	1:9-11; anticipates the favoritism/wealth theme developed fully in ch.2 and ch.5	ନମ୍ର ଅବସ୍ଥା (namra abasthā) / ଧନୀ (dhanī)	Medium
πειράζω / ἐπιθυμία	peirazō / epithymia	to tempt / desire, lust	internal enticement toward sin, arising from one’s own desire	”tempt” / “desire,” “lust,” “craving”	1:13-15; God tempts no one — temptation originates in human desire, which conceives sin, which brings forth death; distinct sense from the “trial” meaning of πειρασμός above	ପ୍ରଲୋଭନ (pralobhana) / କାମନା (kāmanā)	High
ἁμαρτία / θάνατος	hamartia / thanatos	sin / death	moral transgression / cessation of life, spiritual death	”sin” / “death”	[ἁμαρτία REUSED FROM ROMANS BASELINE — ପାପ, High] The desire-sin-death chain of 1:14-15	ପାପ (pāpa) / ମୃତ୍ୟୁ (mṛtyu)	High
πατὴρ τῶν φώτων	patēr tōn phōtōn	Father of lights	God as source of all good gifts, imaged as heavenly light	”Father of lights,” “Father of the heavenly lights”	1:17; God’s unchanging goodness, “no variation or shadow of turning”	ଜ୍ୟୋତିର୍ମାନଙ୍କର ପିତା (jyotirmānaṅkara pitā)	Medium
λόγος ἀληθείας / ἔμφυτος λόγος	logos alētheias / emphytos logos	word of truth / implanted word	the gospel message; God’s word taking root within a believer	”word of truth” / “implanted word”	1:18, 1:21; the generative and saving word, connected to salvation (σῶσαι τὰς ψυχὰς ὑμῶν, “save your souls,” 1:21)	ସତ୍ୟର ବାକ୍ୟ (satyara bākya) / ରୋପିତ ବାକ୍ୟ (ropita bākya)	Medium
ποιητὴς λόγου / ἀκροατής	poiētēs logou / akroatēs	doer of the word / hearer	one who acts on the word, not merely listens	”doer of the word” / “hearer”	1:22-25; foundational statement of the Faith-and-Works theme developed fully in ch.2 — “be doers of the word, and not hearers only”	ବାକ୍ୟର ପାଳନକାରୀ (bākyara pāḷanakārī) / ଶ୍ରୋତା (śrotā)	High
νόμος τέλειος τῆς ἐλευθερίας	nomos teleios tēs eleutherias	perfect law of liberty	the moral law fulfilled and internalized in Christ, bringing freedom rather than bondage	”perfect law of liberty,” “law that gives freedom”	1:25; note: νόμος (law) [REUSED FROM ROMANS BASELINE — ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥା, High], but here qualified as a law of liberty, distinct from the Mosaic ritual-observance framework and from any caste-duty/seba-dharma reading	ସ୍ୱାଧୀନତାର ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥା (swādhīnatāra sampūrṇa byabasthā)	High
θρησκεία	thrēskeia	religion, religious observance	outward religious practice/piety as a category	”religion,” “religious practice”	1:26-27, “pure and undefiled religion” — James redefines true religious observance as care for orphans and widows and self-control, deliberately undercutting merely ritual/formal religiosity	ଶୁଦ୍ଧ ଧର୍ମ (śuddha dharma) — used ADVISEDLY, always with the qualifier “ଶୁଦ୍ଧ”	High
ὀρφανός / χήρα	orphanos / chēra	orphan / widow	the socially vulnerable and unprotected	”orphans” / “widows”	1:27; concrete test case of true religion in action	ଅନାଥ (anātha) / ବିଧବା (bidhabā)	Low
ἄσπιλον … ἀπὸ τοῦ κόσμου	aspilon … apo tou kosmou	unstained from the world	morally unspotted by the surrounding worldly system	”unstained/unspotted from the world”	1:27; first appearance of κόσμος — see extended note under ch.4	ଜଗତର କଳାଙ୍କରହିତ (jagatara kaḷāṅkarahita)	High

Chapter 2 (verses 1-13) — Favoritism and the Poor

(James 2:14-26, the second half of this chapter, is the core passage and is treated verse-by-verse above.)

Term	Original / Translit.	Literal Meaning	Semantic Range	English Variants	Contextual Theological Meaning	Odia Rendering	Risk
προσωπολημψία	prosōpolēmpsia	receiving/regarding the face	judging by external appearance/social status; partiality	”favoritism,” “partiality,” “showing favoritism”	NEW — central to doctrine “Favoritism and the Poor.” 2:1, 2:9; judging worth by wealth/clothing rather than by God’s own valuation — structurally parallel to the Romans baseline’s “Unity of Jews and Gentiles” doctrine’s challenge to caste-based spiritual hierarchy	ପକ୍ଷପାତ (pakṣapāta)	High
δόξα	doxa	glory	radiant honor	”glory”	[REUSED FROM ROMANS BASELINE — ମହିମା, High] 2:1, “our glorious Lord Jesus Christ”	ମହିମା (mahimā)	High
πτωχός / πλούσιος	ptōchos / plousios	poor / rich	economically poor / economically wealthy	”poor” / “rich”	2:2-6; the concrete social test case of favoritism; resonates with (but sharpens beyond) Odisha’s Ananda Bazaar tradition of caste-crossing food-sharing at Puri, since James removes not just caste distinction but economic-status distinction from the assembly’s welcome	ଗରିବ (gariba) / ଧନୀ (dhanī)	High
συναγωγή	synagōgē	synagogue, assembly	a gathering/meeting; here the Christian assembly itself	”assembly,” “meeting,” “synagogue”	2:2; early, still Jewish-flavored term for the gathered congregation, conceptually related to but not identical with ἐκκλησία (church)	ସଭା (sabhā) / ମଣ୍ଡଳୀ ସଭା (maṇḍaḷī sabhā)	Medium
κληρονόμος / βασιλεία	klēronomos / basileia	heir / kingdom	inheritor / the reign, realm	”heirs” / “kingdom”	2:5, “heirs of the kingdom” — kingdom concept parallels [REUSED FROM ROMANS BASELINE pattern — ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ରାଜ୍ୟ]	ଉତ୍ତରାଧିକାରୀ (uttarādhikārī) / ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ରାଜ୍ୟ	Medium
νόμος βασιλικός	nomos basilikos	royal law	the supreme, sovereign-given law — love of neighbor	”royal law”	2:8; νόμος [REUSED — ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥା] qualified as “royal,” i.e., given by the King	ରାଜକୀୟ ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥା (rājakīya byabasthā)	Medium
παραβάτης	parabatēs	transgressor	one who steps across a boundary/law	”transgressor,” “lawbreaker”	2:9, 2:11	ଅପରାଧୀ (aparādhī)	Low
νόμος ἐλευθερίας	nomos eleutherias	law of liberty	see 1:25 above	”law of liberty”	2:12; echoes and reinforces 1:25	ସ୍ୱାଧୀନତାର ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥା	High
ἔλεος	eleos	mercy	compassion shown to those in need/distress	”mercy”	2:13, “mercy triumphs over judgment”; distinct from κρίμα/judgment and from κρίσις; complements but is distinct from κρίσις	ଦୟା (dayā)	Medium

Chapter 3 — Taming the Tongue; Wisdom from Above

Term	Original / Translit.	Literal Meaning	Semantic Range	English Variants	Contextual Theological Meaning	Odia Rendering	Risk
διδάσκαλος / κρίμα	didaskalos / krima	teacher / judgment	one who teaches / verdict, condemnation	”teachers” / “judgment”	3:1; teachers face stricter accountability	ଶିକ୍ଷକ (śikṣaka) / ବିଚାର (bicāra)	Low
γλῶσσα	glōssa	tongue	the organ of speech; speech itself	”tongue,” “speech”	NEW — central term of doctrine “Taming the Tongue.” 3:5-10; small but powerful, capable of blessing and cursing	ଜିଭ (jibha)	Medium (term); High (doctrine)
πῦρ / γέεννα	pyr / geenna	fire / Gehenna	fire / the place/fire of final divine judgment	”fire” / “hell”	3:6; γέεννα is the place of eschatological judgment. Must be distinguished from Hindu ନର୍କ (naraka) as commonly conceived: naraka in popular Odia Hindu cosmology is typically a temporary purgatorial realm within an ongoing rebirth cycle, not a place of final, unrepeated judgment. Convention across Indian-language Bibles is to render γέεννα as ନର୍କ regardless; retained here for consistency with established practice, but REQUIRES an explanatory footnote distinguishing final judgment from cyclical purgation	ନର୍କ (naraka) — used with mandatory clarifying footnote	High
χαλιναγωγέω / δαμάζω	chalinagōgeō / damazō	to bridle / to tame	control by force, as an animal is tamed	”bridle,” “tame,” “control”	3:2-3, 3:7-8; the tongue as an untamable force apart from grace	ନିୟନ୍ତ୍ରଣ କରିବା (niyantraṇa karibā) / ଦମନ କରିବା (damana karibā)	Low
ἀκατάστατον κακόν / ἰὸς θανατηφόρος	akatastaton kakon / ios thanatēphoros	restless evil / death-bearing poison	uncontrollable evil force / deadly venom	”restless evil,” “deadly poison”	3:8; vivid imagery for the tongue’s destructive capacity	ଅସ୍ଥିର ମନ୍ଦତା (asthira mandatā) / ମୃତ୍ୟୁକାରକ ବିଷ (mṛtyukāraka biṣa)	Low
εὐλογέω / καταράομαι	eulogeō / kataraomai	to bless / to curse	invoke well-being / invoke harm	”bless” / “curse”	3:9-10; incongruity of blessing God and cursing people from the same mouth	ଆଶୀର୍ବାଦ କରିବା (āśīrbāda karibā) / ଅଭିଶାପ ଦେବା (abhiśāpa debā)	Low
ὁμοίωσις θεοῦ	homoiōsis theou	likeness of God	the image/likeness in which humans are made (Gen 1:26)	“likeness of God”	3:9; every person, regardless of status, bears God’s likeness — grounds the tongue’s ethical stakes	ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ସାଦୃଶ୍ୟ (Parameśwaraṅka sādṛśya)	Medium
σοφία ἄνωθεν	sophia anōthen	wisdom from above	wisdom originating from God/heaven, not from human or demonic sources	”wisdom from above,” “heavenly wisdom”	NEW — central to doctrine “Wisdom from Above.” 3:17. Contrasted in 3:15 with wisdom that is ψυχική (earthly/natural) and δαιμονιώδης (demonic)	ଊର୍ଦ୍ଧ୍ୱରୁ ଆସୁଥିବା ଜ୍ଞାନ (ūrdhwaru āsuthibā jñāna)	High
ψυχική / δαιμονιώδης	psychikē / daimoniōdēs	soulish/natural / demonic	earthly, unspiritual human wisdom / wisdom energized by evil spiritual forces	”earthly, unspiritual” / “demonic”	3:15; the false alternatives to wisdom from above	ପ୍ରାକୃତିକ (prākṛtika) / ଭୂତସୁଲଭ (bhūtasulabha)	Medium
ζῆλος πικρός / ἐριθεία	zēlos pikros / eritheia	bitter jealousy / selfish ambition	envy that poisons / rivalry seeking personal advantage	”bitter jealousy” / “selfish ambition”	3:14, 3:16; the root of the false, earthly wisdom	ତିକ୍ତ ଈର୍ଷା (tikta īrṣā) / ସ୍ୱାର୍ଥପରତା (swārthaparatā)	Low
ἁγνή / εἰρηνική / ἐπιεικής / εὐπειθής / ἀδιάκριτος / ἀνυπόκριτος	hagnē / eirēnikē / epieikēs / eupeithēs / adiakritos / anypokritos	pure / peaceable / gentle / open to reason / impartial / without hypocrisy	the seven-fold character of wisdom from above (3:17)	“pure, peace-loving, gentle/considerate, open to reason, full of mercy and good fruit, impartial, sincere”	3:17; the practical, ethical fruit that distinguishes true wisdom from mere cleverness or spiritual-sounding rivalry	ଶୁଦ୍ଧ (śuddha) / ଶାନ୍ତିପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ (śāntipūrṇa) / ମୃଦୁ (mṛdu) / ସହଜରେ ମାନିବା (sahajare māniba) / ପକ୍ଷପାତରହିତ (pakṣapātarahita) / କପଟରହିତ (kapaṭarahita)	Medium
καρπὸς δικαιοσύνης	karpos dikaiosynēs	fruit of righteousness	the good outcome/produce that righteous, peace-making living yields	”fruit of righteousness”	3:18; δικαιοσύνη [REUSED FROM ROMANS BASELINE — ଧାର୍ମିକତା, Critical]	ଧାର୍ମିକତାର ଫଳ (dhārmikatāra phaḷa)	Medium

Chapter 4 — Worldliness versus Friendship with God; Prayer

Term	Original / Translit.	Literal Meaning	Semantic Range	English Variants	Contextual Theological Meaning	Odia Rendering	Risk
πόλεμοι καὶ μάχαι	polemoi kai machai	wars and battles	conflicts and quarrels	”fights and quarrels,” “wars and battles”	4:1; interpersonal conflict traced to unchecked internal desire	ଯୁଦ୍ଧ ଓ କଳହ (yuddha o kalaha)	Low
ἡδονή	hēdonē	pleasure, desire	sensual/self-indulgent craving	”desires,” “pleasures,” “cravings”	4:1, 4:3; the root cause of conflict and of prayer offered wrongly	ଭୋଗବିଳାସ (bhogabilāsa)	Medium
αἰτέω κακῶς	aiteō kakōs	to ask wrongly/badly	praying with wrong motive (self-indulgence)	“ask wrongly,” “ask with wrong motives”	NEW — central to doctrine “Prayer and Healing” (its negative counterpart; the positive treatment appears in ch.5). 4:3	ଭୁଲ ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟରେ ମାଗିବା (bhula uddeśyare māgibā)	Medium
μοιχαλίδες	moichalides	adulteresses	figurative: covenant-breakers, spiritually unfaithful	”adulterous people,” “adulteresses”	4:4; a prophetic-style marriage metaphor (echoing Hosea/OT prophets) for covenant unfaithfulness — must be rendered so its figurative, covenant-breaking force is clear and not read as a literal, isolated accusation	ବ୍ୟଭିଚାରିଣୀ (byabhicāriṇī) — figurative use, requires context note	High
φιλία τοῦ κόσμου / φιλία θεοῦ	philia tou kosmou / philia theou	friendship with the world / friendship with God	a loyalty-bond of mutual affection and allegiance — mutually exclusive here	”friendship with the world” / “friendship with God”	NEW — the defining term of doctrine “Worldliness versus Friendship with God.” 4:4. Distinct from κοινωνία/fellowship (baseline’s ସହଭାଗିତା); φιλία is an exclusive loyalty-bond, deliberately framed as an either/or choice, reinforced by the adultery metaphor in the same verse	ଜଗତ ସହିତ ମିତ୍ରତା (jagata sahita mitratā) / ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ସହିତ ମିତ୍ରତା (Parameśwaraṅka sahita mitratā)	Critical
κόσμος	kosmos	world	the created order; (ethically, as here) human society organized in opposition to God	”world”	NEW, but appears already at 1:27 and 3:6 — high-priority cross-chapter term. MUST NOT be rendered ସଂସାର (saṁsāra). Saṁsāra is the central Hindu term for the cycle of worldly bondage and rebirth from which mokṣa/mukti liberates (already excluded for “salvation” in the Romans baseline); using it for κόσμος would conflate James’s ethical dualism (loyalty to God vs. loyalty to a God-opposing social system) with the Hindu liberation-from-rebirth framework. Use ଜଗତ instead, the standard, less philosophically loaded biblical-Odia term for “world”	ଜଗତ (jagata)	Critical
ἔχθρα τοῦ θεοῦ	echthra tou theou	enmity with God	active hostility/opposition toward God	”enmity with God,” “hostility toward God”	4:4; the necessary consequence of choosing worldly friendship	ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ସହିତ ଶତ୍ରୁତା (Parameśwaraṅka sahita śatrutā)	High
χάρις	charis	grace	unmerited favor	”grace”	[REUSED FROM ROMANS BASELINE — କୃପା, Critical] 4:6, “God gives grace to the humble”	କୃପା (kṛpā)	High
ὑπερήφανος / ταπεινός	hyperēphanos / tapeinos	proud / humble	arrogant self-exaltation / lowliness	”proud” / “humble”	4:6, 4:10	ଅହଙ୍କାରୀ (ahaṅkārī) / ନମ୍ର (namra)	Low
ἀντίστητε τῷ διαβόλῳ	antistēte tō diabolō	resist the devil	actively oppose Satan	”resist the devil”	4:7; διάβολος (devil) as the personal spiritual adversary — must be distinguished from generic Odia folk-animist ଭୂତ (nature/ancestral spirits) and given a term signaling a single, personal, chief spiritual adversary	ଶୟତାନକୁ ପ୍ରତିରୋଧ କର (śayatānaku pratirodha kara)	High
ἐγγίσατε τῷ θεῷ	engisate tō theō	draw near to God	approach; come close in relationship	”draw near to God”	4:8; reciprocal promise — God draws near in response	ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ନିକଟବର୍ତ୍ତୀ ହୁଅ (Parameśwaraṅka nikaṭabartī hua)	Low
κριτής / νομοθέτης	kritēs / nomothetēs	judge / lawgiver	one who judges / one who establishes law	”judge” / “lawgiver”	4:11-12; only God holds both offices absolutely	ବିଚାରକର୍ତ୍ତା (bicārakarttā) / ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥାଦାତା (byabasthādātā)	Medium
ἀτμίς	atmis	vapor, mist	something fleeting and insubstantial	”mist,” “vapor”	4:14; life’s brevity, grounding the “if the Lord wills” conditional	ବାଷ୍ପ (bāṣpa)	Low
Ἐὰν ὁ κύριος θελήσῃ	ean ho kyrios thelēsē	if the Lord wills	submission of all plans to God’s sovereign will	”if the Lord wills,” “God willing”	4:15; submission to a personal, sovereign Lord’s will — [cf. Romans baseline providence, ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ପରିଚାଳନା, High] — must be distinguished from the fatalistic Odia idiom “ଭାଗ୍ୟରେ ଥିଲେ” (if it is in one’s fate)	ଯଦି ପ୍ରଭୁଙ୍କ ଇଚ୍ଛା ହୁଏ (jadi Prabhuṅka icchā hue)	High

Chapter 5 — Patience and the Lord’s Return; Prayer and Healing; Confession and Restoration

Term	Original / Translit.	Literal Meaning	Semantic Range	English Variants	Contextual Theological Meaning	Odia Rendering	Risk
μισθὸς τῶν ἐργατῶν	misthos tōn ergatōn	wages of the laborers	withheld pay owed to workers	”wages of the workers/laborers”	5:4; social-justice indictment of the rich, resonant with the favoritism/poor doctrine of ch.2	ମୂଲିଆଙ୍କ ମଜୁରି (mūliāṅka majuri)	Medium
Κύριος Σαβαώθ	Kyrios Sabaōth	Lord of hosts/armies	divine title emphasizing sovereign military-scale power	”Lord of Hosts,” “Lord Almighty”	5:4; God as the ultimate vindicator of the oppressed	ସୈନ୍ୟାଧିପତି ପ୍ରଭୁ (sainyādhipati prabhu)	Medium
μακροθυμήσατε / μακροθυμία	makrothymēsate / makrothymia	be patient / patience, longsuffering	patient forbearance toward people/circumstances while waiting on God’s timing	”be patient,” “patience”	NEW — central to doctrine “Patience and the Lord’s Return.” 5:7-8, 5:10; distinct from ὑπομονή (steadfast endurance under pressure, ch.1, also reappearing at 5:11) though closely related	ଧୈର୍ଯ୍ୟ (dhairya)	High
παρουσία τοῦ κυρίου	parousia tou kyriou	coming/presence of the Lord	the Lord’s future royal arrival/presence	”coming of the Lord,” “the Lord’s return”	5:7-8; eschatological hope grounding patience. Per the Romans baseline instruction, avoid triumphal-procession imagery drawn from Rath Yatra (Jagannath’s annual chariot festival, which depicts a temporary journey and return, not an ongoing cosmic reign) when illustrating this concept	ପ୍ରଭୁଙ୍କ ଆଗମନ (Prabhuṅka āgamana)	High
ὑπομονή	hypomonē	endurance	steadfastness under trial	”endurance,” “perseverance”	[Reuses ch.1 term] 5:11, Job’s example	ସ୍ଥିରତା (sthiratā)	Medium
πολύσπλαγχνος / οἰκτίρμων	polysplanchnos / oiktirmōn	very compassionate / merciful	deep, gut-level compassion / mercy	”full of compassion,” “merciful”	5:11; God’s character revealed through Job’s outcome	ଅତି ଦୟାଳୁ (ati dayāḷu) / କରୁଣାମୟ (karuṇāmaya)	Low
ὅρκος / ὀμνύω	horkos / omnyō	oath / to swear	formal invocation of a higher authority to guarantee truthfulness	”oath,” “swear”	5:12; James (echoing the Sermon on the Mount) prohibits oath-taking, commending simple truthfulness (“let your yes be yes”) — culturally relevant given the frequency of informal oath-taking idioms in everyday Odia speech	ଶପଥ (śapatha)	Medium
ἀσθενεῖ	asthenei	is sick, weak	physical illness or weakness	”sick,” “weak,” “ill”	5:14; occasion for the prayer-and-anointing instruction	ଅସୁସ୍ଥ (asustha)	Low
πρεσβύτεροι τῆς ἐκκλησίας	presbyteroi tēs ekklēsias	elders of the church	recognized spiritual leaders/overseers of the local congregation	”elders of the church”	NEW — central to doctrine “Prayer and Healing.” 5:14; ἐκκλησία [REUSED FROM ROMANS BASELINE — ମଣ୍ଡଳୀ, Medium]. Must be distinguished from hereditary, caste-linked temple-functionary offices (sevayat, pandaa) at Puri — church eldership is a recognized pastoral-care office, not an inherited ritual-service role	ମଣ୍ଡଳୀର ପ୍ରାଚୀନମାନେ (maṇḍaḷīra prācīnamāne)	High
ἀλείψαντες ἐλαίῳ	aleipsantes elaiō	having anointed with oil	applying oil as an accompanying, faith-filled act during prayer for the sick	”anointing with oil”	5:14; must be sharply distinguished from ritual anointing (abhisheka) of a deity’s image in temple worship (a prominent, daily feature of Jagannath worship at Puri) — here oil accompanies believing prayer directed to God for a person, it does not consecrate or empower an object/image	ତେଲ ଲଗାଇ (tela lagāi)	High
εὐχὴ τῆς πίστεως	euchē tēs pisteōs	prayer of faith	prayer offered in genuine trust in God	”prayer of faith,” “prayer offered in faith”	5:15; πίστις [REUSED — ବିଶ୍ୱାସ, High]	ବିଶ୍ୱାସର ପ୍ରାର୍ଥନା (biśwāsara prārthanā)	Medium
σώσει τὸν κάμνοντα (< σῴζω)	sōsei ton kamnonta	will save/restore the one who is sick	will heal, restore to health	”will make the sick person well,” “will heal”	5:15; σῴζω here in its physical-healing sense, distinct from its usual spiritual-salvation sense in the rest of the NT (and from the baseline’s salvation/ପରିତ୍ରାଣ). Requires a translator’s note clarifying the dual range of this Greek root so the physical-healing sense is not mistaken for, or diluted into, the doctrine of eternal salvation, nor vice versa	ସୁସ୍ଥ କରିବେ (susattha karibe)	High
ἐγερεῖ αὐτὸν ὁ κύριος	egerei auton ho kyrios	the Lord will raise him up	restore a sick person from the sickbed	”the Lord will raise him up”	5:15; raising from a sickbed — must not be confused with ପୁନରୁତ୍ଥାନ (resurrection, the baseline’s Critical one-time bodily-resurrection term)	ପ୍ରଭୁ ତାହାଙ୍କୁ ଉଠାଇବେ (Prabhu tāhāṅku uṭhāibe)	Medium
ἐξομολογεῖσθε … τὰ παραπτώματα	exomologeisthe … ta paraptōmata	confess … the trespasses	mutual, voluntary acknowledgment of sin within the believing community	”confess your sins/trespasses to one another”	NEW — central to doctrine “Confession and Restoration.” 5:16. Must be distinguished from the Hindu concept of prāyaścitta (a prescribed ritual act of penance/expiation performed to burn off accumulated bad karma) — James’s mutual confession is relational, grace-based, and oriented toward communal healing and restoration, not a ritual technique for erasing karmic debt. Also distinguished from a hierarchical, priest-only confessional structure — this is mutual, among believers	ପରସ୍ପର ନିକଟରେ ଆପଣା ଆପଣା ଅପରାଧ ସ୍ୱୀକାର କର (paraspara nikaṭare āpaṇā āpaṇā aparādha swīkāra kara)	Critical
εὔχεσθε ὑπὲρ ἀλλήλων	euchesthe hyper allēlōn	pray for one another	intercession among believers	”pray for one another”	5:16; cf. baseline intercession/ମଧ୍ୟସ୍ଥତା, though this verb is the more general “pray,” not the technical intercession term	ପରସ୍ପର ପାଇଁ ପ୍ରାର୍ଥନା କର (paraspara pāiṅ prārthanā kara)	Low
ἰαθῆτε (< ἰάομαι)	iathēte	you may be healed	physical (and here, relationally reinforced) healing	”that you may be healed”	5:16; distinct Greek verb from σῴζω above but overlapping sense; physical healing outcome of confession-plus-prayer	ଆରୋଗ୍ୟ ପାଇବ (ārogya pāiba)	Medium
δέησις δικαίου ἐνεργουμένη	deēsis dikaiou energoumenē	the prayer of a righteous person, being worked/energized	effective, powerful prayer	”the prayer of a righteous person is powerful and effective”	5:16; δίκαιος [REUSED FROM ROMANS BASELINE root — ଧାର୍ମିକ, cf. ଧାର୍ମିକତା]	ଧାର୍ମିକ ଲୋକର ପ୍ରାର୍ଥନା ବଡ଼ ପ୍ରଭାବଶାଳୀ (dhārmika lokara prārthanā baḍa prabhābaśāḷī)	Medium
Ἠλίας	Ēlias	Elijah	proper name, OT prophet	”Elijah”	5:17-18; established Odia Bible form	ଏଲିୟ (Eliya)	Low
πλανηθῇ ἀπὸ τῆς ἀληθείας / ἐπιστρέψῃ	planēthē apo tēs alētheias / epistrepsē	wanders from the truth / turns back	straying from gospel faith/community / being restored, brought back	”wanders from the truth” / “turns him back,” “brings him back”	NEW — central to doctrine “Confession and Restoration.” 5:19-20; restoration of a straying believer, not the initial “turning” of unconverted repentance nor a ritual re-purification	ସତ୍ୟରୁ ବିପଥଗାମୀ ହେବା (satyaru bipathagāmī hebā) / ଫେରାଇ ଆଣିବା (pherāi āṇibā)	High
σώσει ψυχὴν ἐκ θανάτου	sōsei psychēn ek thanatou	will save a soul from death	rescue a person’s whole life/self from spiritual death	”will save a soul from death,” “will save that person from death”	5:20; σῴζω here in the spiritual sense [cf. REUSED FROM ROMANS BASELINE — ପରିତ୍ରାଣ, Critical]. ψυχή (soul/life/self) must be understood as the whole person here, not as the transmigrating self (jīvātman) of Hindu rebirth doctrine	ଆତ୍ମାକୁ ମୃତ୍ୟୁରୁ ରକ୍ଷା କରିବେ (ātmāku mṛtyuru rakṣā karibe)	Critical
καλύψει πλῆθος ἁμαρτιῶν	kalypsei plēthos hamartiōn	will cover a multitude of sins	God’s grace-based forgiveness overshadowing many sins	”will cover a multitude of sins”	5:20; ἁμαρτία [REUSED — ପାପ, High]; forgiveness by grace, not merit-erasure through ritual penance	ଅନେକ ପାପ ଆଚ୍ଛାଦନ କରିବ (aneka pāpa ācchādana karibā)	High

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End of full-book semantic analysis. All terms above feed directly into analysis/08_core_glossary.md.