Core Glossary
Core Glossary: 2 Timothy — English → Odia
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md, covering all four chapters of 2 Timothy. Terms already recorded in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked [BASELINE — reuse exactly] and are not renegotiated here; only their 2 Timothy-specific occurrence/nuance is noted. New terms are proposed for addition to translation memory in Step 9, each with a risk tier assigned using the doctrine_risk_registry.json rubric.
Risk tiers: Critical = human theologian review every occurrence; High = human theologian review; Medium = native speaker review; Low = automated review sufficient.
Section 1 — Reused from Romans Baseline (Exact Enforcement Required)
| English Term | Odia (reuse exactly) | Risk | 2 Timothy Occurrences | 2 Timothy-Specific Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | ପରମେଶ୍ୱର | Critical | Throughout | Never ଠାକୁର/ଭଗବାନ |
| Lord | ପ୍ରଭୁ | Critical | 1:2,8,16,18; 2:7,19,22,24; 3:11; 4:1,8,14,17,18,22 | Never ଠାକୁର |
| Jesus | ଯୀଶୁ | Critical | Throughout | Established form |
| Christ | ଖ୍ରୀଷ୍ଟ | Critical | Throughout | Established form |
| Holy Spirit | ପବିତ୍ର ଆତ୍ମା | Critical | 1:14 | Never ପରମାତ୍ମା |
| Father | ପିତା | Critical | 1:2 | — |
| Resurrection | ପୁନରୁତ୍ଥାନ | Critical | 2:8, 2:18 (false teaching about it) | Never ପୁନର୍ଜନ୍ମ; 2:18 shows false teachers corrupting this exact term |
| Salvation / saved | ପରିତ୍ରାଣ | Critical | 1:9; 2:10; 3:15; 4:18 | Never ମୋକ୍ଷ/ମୁକ୍ତି |
| Righteousness | ଧାର୍ମିକତା | Critical | 2:22; 3:16; 4:8 | Never ଧର୍ମ |
| Gospel | ସୁସମାଚାର | High | 1:8,10; 2:8,9; 4:5 | Root for new term “evangelist” (Section 4) |
| Grace | କୃପା | High | 1:2,9; 2:1; 4:22 | 1:9 grace-vs-works contrast; escalate per baseline rule |
| Faith | ବିଶ୍ୱାସ | High | 1:5,13; 2:18,22; 3:8,10,15; 4:7 | — |
| Apostle | ପ୍ରେରିତ | Medium | 1:1,11 | — |
| Called / Calling | ଆହୂତ / ଆହ୍ୱାନ | High | 1:9 | Effectual calling context |
| Holy | ପବିତ୍ର | High | 1:9 (holy calling) | — |
| Sanctification | ପବିତ୍ରୀକରଣ | High | 2:21 (ἡγιασμένον) | “sanctified… vessel for honor” |
| Peace | ଶାନ୍ତି | Medium | 2:22 | — |
| Spiritual gifts | ଆତ୍ମିକ ଦାନ | Medium | 1:6 (singular χάρισμα) | Office-specific gift, still reuse concept term |
| Thanksgiving | ଧନ୍ୟବାଦ ସ୍ତୁତି | Low | 1:3 (verb form) | — |
| Kingdom of God | ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ରାଜ୍ୟ | Medium | 4:1, 4:18 (his heavenly kingdom) | — |
| Sin | ପାପ | High | 3:6 | — |
| Gentiles | ଅନ୍ୟଜାତି | Medium | 1:11 (var.); 4:17 | — |
| Glory | ମହିମା | High | 2:10; 4:18 | — |
| Power of God | ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ | High | 1:7,8; also underlies ἐνδυναμόω (4:17) | Never ଶକ୍ତି |
| Messiah/Christ | ଖ୍ରୀଷ୍ଟ | Critical | Throughout | — |
| David / Seed of David | ଦାଉଦ / ଦାଉଦଙ୍କ ବଂଶରୁ | Medium/High | 2:8 | — |
| Exhort | ଉତ୍ସାହିତ କରିବା | Low | 4:2 | Context leans “urge/entreat” here, alongside rebuke |
Section 2 — New Terms: Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture
| English Term | Odia | Transliteration | Risk | Ref | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God-breathed / inspired | ପରମେଶ୍ୱର-ନିଃଶ୍ୱାସିତ | Parameśwara-niḥśwāsita | Critical | 3:16 | Rejected: ଅନୁପ୍ରାଣିତ (too weak — used of poets/patriots generally) |
| All Scripture | ପବିତ୍ର ଶାସ୍ତ୍ର | Pabitra Śāstra | Critical | 3:16 | ପବିତ୍ର modifier is load-bearing; bare ଶାସ୍ତ୍ର is the generic Hindu term for any authoritative treatise (Veda-śāstra, Dharma-śāstra) |
| Holy Scriptures / sacred writings | ପବିତ୍ର ଲେଖା | Pabitra Lekhā | High | 3:15 | Distinct from ପବିତ୍ର ଶାସ୍ତ୍ର (3:16); Timothy’s lifelong personal exposure vs. the technical canonical category |
| make wise [for salvation] | ଜ୍ଞାନୀ କରିବା | jñānī karibā | High | 3:15 | Must be tied explicitly to “faith in Christ Jesus” clause to avoid jñāna-mārga (self-attained liberating knowledge) reading |
| profitable | ଲାଭଦାୟକ | lābhadāyaka | Medium | 3:16 | — |
| teaching / doctrine | ଶିକ୍ଷା | śikṣā | High | 3:16; 4:2,3 | Same word for διδασκαλία and διδαχή; consistency required |
| reproof | ଦୋଷ ଦର୍ଶନ | doṣa darśana | Medium | 3:16 | Noun form; cf. ଦୋଷ ଦେଖାଇବା (verb, 4:2) |
| correction | ସଂଶୋଧନ | saṃśodhana | Medium | 3:16 | — |
| instruction/training in righteousness | ଧାର୍ମିକତାରେ ଅନୁଶାସନ | dhārmikatāre anuśāsana | High | 3:16 | Reuses ଧାର୍ମିକତା; never ଧର୍ମ |
| complete / proficient | ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ | sampūrṇṇa | Medium | 3:17 | — |
| thoroughly equipped | ସୁସଜ୍ଜିତ | susajjita | Medium | 3:17 | — |
| every good work | ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ସତ୍କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ | pratyeka satkāryya | High | 3:17; 1:9; 4:14 | Rejected: any rendering built on କର୍ମ root (karma-merit collision) |
| man/person of God | ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ଲୋକ | Parameśwaraṅka loka | Medium | 3:17 | Gender-inclusive (ἄνθρωπος, not ἀνήρ) |
Section 3 — New Terms: Guarding Sound Doctrine
| English Term | Odia | Transliteration | Risk | Ref | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sound doctrine / sound words | ସୁସ୍ଥ ଶିକ୍ଷା | susa śikṣā | High | 1:13; 4:3 | Preserves “healthy teaching” (ὑγιαίνω) metaphor field, linked to “gangrene” (2:17) |
| rightly dividing / accurately handling | ସତ୍ୟ ବାକ୍ୟର ଠିକ୍ ବ୍ୟାଖ୍ୟା କରିବା | satya bākyara ṭhik byākhyā karibā | High | 2:15 | Sense-for-sense; literal “straight-cutting” image doesn’t transfer |
| profane, empty babbling/chatter | ଅପବିତ୍ର ଅସାର କଥାବାର୍ତ୍ତା | apabitra asāra kathābārtā | Medium | 2:16 | ଅପବିତ୍ର reuses negative of baseline ପବିତ୍ର |
| gangrene [metaphor] | କର୍କଟ କ୍ଷତ | karkaṭa kṣata | Low-Medium | 2:17 | Preserve vivid medical image |
| the deposit / that which is entrusted | ନ୍ୟାସ | nyāsa | High | 1:12,14; 2:2 (verb form) | Two-directional: Paul’s life entrusted to God; gospel entrusted to Timothy — same term required both ways |
| the elect / chosen ones | ମନୋନୀତ ଲୋକ | manonīta loka | Medium-High | 2:10 | Adjectival form of baseline election concept (ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ମନୋନୟନ) |
| foundation | ଭିତ୍ତିମୂଳ | bhittimūḷa | Low-Medium | 2:19 | — |
| iniquity / unrighteousness | ଅନ୍ୟାୟ | anyāya | Medium | 2:19 | Distinct from ପାପ (sin) |
| vessel (honor/dishonor) | ପାତ୍ର | pātra | Low-Medium | 2:20-21 | — |
| conscience | ବିବେକ | bibeka | Medium | 1:3 | — |
Section 4 — New Terms: Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
| English Term | Odia | Transliteration | Risk | Ref | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| entrust [to faithful men] | ଅର୍ପଣ କରିବା | arpaṇa karibā | High | 2:2 | Verb-form of ନ୍ୟାସ (deposit); chain-of-transmission verse |
| unfeigned / genuine faith | ନିଷ୍କପଟ | niṣkapaṭa | Low-Medium | 1:5 | Modifier on baseline ବିଶ୍ୱାସ |
| evangelist | ସୁସମାଚାର ପ୍ରଚାରକ | susamācāra pracāraka | Low-Medium | 4:5 | Built on baseline ସୁସମାଚାର |
| ministry / service | ସେବକାର୍ଯ୍ୟ | sebakāryya | High | 4:5; also 1:3 (λατρεύω) | Avoid bare ସେବା alone (Puri temple hereditary seba-role collision, per baseline christ_centered_ministry doctrine) |
| laying on of hands | ହସ୍ତାର୍ପଣ | hastārpaṇa | Low-Medium | 1:6 | Ordination rite |
| the gift of God [office-gift] | ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ଦାନ | Parameśwaraṅka dāna | Medium | 1:6 | Singular χάρισμα; not a merit-earned boon |
| mercy | ଦୟା | dayā | Medium | 1:2,16,18 | Pair with divine subject to keep personal-God sense |
| promise [of life] | ପ୍ରତିଜ୍ଞା | pratijñā | Low-Medium | 1:1 | Reuses covenant-promise root established for baseline Messianic Promise doctrine |
Section 5 — New Terms: The Charge to Preach the Word
| English Term | Odia | Transliteration | Risk | Ref | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I solemnly charge | ମୁଁ ଦୃଢ଼ ଭାବରେ ଆଜ୍ଞା ଦେଉଛି | muṁ dṛḍha bhābare ājñā deuchi | High | 4:1 | Formal, covenant-witnessed commissioning, not a casual request |
| preach the word | ବାକ୍ୟ ପ୍ରଚାର କର | bākya pracāra kara | High | 4:2 | κῆρυξ/κηρύσσω = herald’s authoritative public proclamation, not private opinion-sharing |
| word [of God] | ବାକ୍ୟ | bākya | High | 4:2; 2:9 (word of God not chained) | Shorthand for God’s revealed message/Scripture |
| judge the living and the dead | ଜୀବିତ ଓ ମୃତଙ୍କର ବିଚାର କରିବେ | jībita o mṛtaṅkara bicāra karibe | High | 4:1 | Fixed early-church confessional formula |
| appearing [of Christ] | ପ୍ରକଟୀକରଣ | prakaṭīkaraṇa | High | 4:1,8 | Avoid conflation with Rath Yatra / Nabajauban Besha periodic ritual “appearings” of Jagannath’s image (cf. baseline Rath Yatra caution) |
| in season, out of season [idiom] | ସୁବିଧାରେ ଓ ଅସୁବିଧାରେ | subidhāre o asubidhāre | Medium | 4:2 | Idiom-handling, not literal seasons |
| convince / reprove | ଦୋଷ ଦେଖାଇବା | doṣa dekhāibā | Medium | 4:2 | Verb form; cf. ଦୋଷ ଦର୍ଶନ (noun, 3:16) |
| rebuke | ଧମକାଇବା | dhamakāibā | Medium | 4:2 | Sharper than “reprove” |
| longsuffering / patience [toward people] | ଧୈର୍ଯ୍ୟ | dhairya | Medium | 4:2 | Distinct from ସହନଶୀଳତା (endurance under suffering) |
| be watchful / sober-minded | ସଚେତନ ରୁହ | sacetana ruha | Medium | 4:5 | — |
| fulfill [ministry] | ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ରୂପେ ସମ୍ପାଦନ କରିବା | pūrṇṇa rūpe sampādana karibā | Medium | 4:5 | — |
| testimony | ସାକ୍ଷ୍ୟ | sākṣya | Medium | 1:8 | — |
| ashamed [of the testimony] | ଲଜ୍ଜିତ ହେବା | lajjita hebā | Medium-High | 1:8,12,16 | Honor/shame dynamics; native review flagged generally in baseline |
Section 6 — New Terms: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
| English Term | Odia | Transliteration | Risk | Ref | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| last days | ଶେଷ କାଳ | śeṣa kāḷa | High | 3:1 | Linear, one-time terminal period — not the cyclical Kali Yuga phase of a repeating four-yuga scheme |
| perilous / difficult times | କଠିନ ସମୟ | kaṭhina samaya | Medium | 3:1 | — |
| godliness [form vs. power] | ପରମେଶ୍ୱର ଭକ୍ତି | Parameśwara bhakti | High | 3:5 | Explicit divine object required; unqualified ଭକ୍ତି names Odia Vaishnav devotional practice |
| form / outward appearance | ବାହ୍ୟ ରୂପ | bāhya rūpa | Medium | 3:5 | — |
| myths / fables | କଳ୍ପିତ କଥା | kaḷpita kathā | High | 4:4 | Rejected: ପୌରାଣିକ କାହାଣୀ (“puranic story”) — would directly characterize Hindu Puranic literature (linked to Jagannath’s own Skanda Purāṇa lore) as “fables” |
| itching ears [idiom] | ନୂଆ କଥା ଶୁଣିବାର ଆଗ୍ରହ | nuā kathā śuṇibāra āgraha | Medium | 4:3 | Idiom-handling |
| turn away [apostasy verb] | ବିମୁଖ ହେବା | bimukha hebā | High | 1:15; 4:4 | Consistent apostasy-verb across book |
| turned aside | ବିପଥଗାମୀ ହେବା | bipathagāmī hebā | Medium | 4:4 | — |
| this present age/world | ଏହି ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନ ଜଗତ | ehi bartamāna jagat | High | 4:10 | Rejected: ଯୁଗ (yuga) — exact term for Hindu cosmic-age cycle (Satya/Tretā/Dvāpara/Kali) |
| the devil | ଶୟତାନ | Śaitāna | High | 2:26 | Rejected: ଭୂତ (generic folk-belief evil spirit/ghost) |
| snare / trap | ଫାନ୍ଦ | phānda | Low-Medium | 2:26 | — |
| youthful lusts / desires | ଯୌବନ କାମନା | yaubana kāmanā | High | 2:22; cf. 3:6; 4:3 (ἰδίας ἐπιθυμίας) | Must carry clearly negative/disordered sense; κάμ- root overlaps with legitimate puruṣārtha kāma in Hindu ethics |
| resurrection already past [named false teaching] | (see baseline ପୁନରୁତ୍ଥାନ) | — | Critical | 2:18 | Concrete named instance of doctrinal corruption of a Critical baseline term |
| impostors / deceivers | ପ୍ରବଞ୍ଚକ | prabañcaka | Low-Medium | 3:13 | — |
| disqualified [concerning the faith] | ଅଯୋଗ୍ୟ | ayogya | Medium | 3:8 | Modifier on ବିଶ୍ୱାସ |
Section 7 — New Terms: Perseverance under Suffering
| English Term | Odia | Transliteration | Risk | Ref | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| endure hardship / endurance | ସହନ କରିବା / ସହନଶୀଳତା | sahana karibā / sahanaśīlatā | High | 2:3,10,12; 4:5 (κακοπαθέω/ὑπομένω) | Rejected: any rendering built on ଭୋଗ root (karma-phala-bhoga — suffering as impersonal working-out of past-life moral debt) |
| persecution | ତାଡ଼ନା | tāḍanā | Medium-High | 3:11,12 | Presented as normal, expected experience — not to be softened |
| deliver / rescue [temporal] | ଉଦ୍ଧାର କରିବା | uddhāra karibā | Medium | 3:11; 4:17 | Distinct from ପରିତ୍ରାଣ (final salvation) |
| love [ἀγάπη] | ପ୍ରେମ | prema | High | 1:7; 2:22; 4:8 | Necessary/standard term, but be aware of ପ୍ରେମ-ଭକ୍ତି as a major Gaudiya/Odia Vaishnav devotional category historically prominent at Puri |
| sound mind / self-control | ସଂଯମ | saṃyama | Medium | 1:7 | Also names yogic/ascetic self-restraint discipline; here Spirit-given, not self-achieved |
| gentleness | ମୃଦୁତା | mṛdutā | Low-Medium | 2:25 | — |
| purpose [God’s own] | ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟ | uddeśya | Medium | 1:9 | — |
| before the ages / before time began | ଅନନ୍ତକାଳ ପୂର୍ବେ | ananta kāḷa pūrbe | High | 1:9 | Rejected: ଅନାଦିକାଳରୁ (calques Vedantic anādi, “beginningless” universe/soul concept) |
| immortality / incorruptibility | ଅକ୍ଷୟତା | akṣayatā | High | 1:10 | Rejected: ଅମରତ୍ୱ (evokes the inherently eternal ātman of Vedantic teaching); NT’s gift is future and Christ-secured, not an inherent soul-property |
Section 8 — New Terms: Assurance of Reward
| English Term | Odia | Transliteration | Risk | Ref | Notes / Rejected Alternatives |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| crown of righteousness | ଧାର୍ମିକତାର ମୁକୁଟ | dhārmikatāra mukuṭa | Medium | 4:8 | Reuses baseline ଧାର୍ମିକତା; clarify metaphorical eschatological-reward sense vs. literal/ceremonial crown imagery |
| the righteous Judge | ଧାର୍ମିକ ବିଚାରପତି | dhārmika bicārapati | High | 4:8 | Same figure as 4:1’s Judge of the living and the dead |
| loved his appearing | ତାହାଙ୍କ ପ୍ରକଟୀକରଣକୁ ପ୍ରେମ କରିଥିବା | tāhāṅka prakaṭīkaraṇaku prema karithibā | High | 4:8 | Combines two High-risk terms (ପ୍ରକଟୀକରଣ, ପ୍ରେମ) |
| repay/recompense according to works | କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ଅନୁସାରେ ପ୍ରତିଫଳ ଦେବେ | kāryya anusāre pratiphaḷa debe | High | 4:14 | Closest NT surface-resemblance to karma-phala language; must read as a personal Judge’s specific verdict, not automatic cosmic law. Reject ଫଳ ଦେବେ alone (too close to bare “give the fruit”) and any କର୍ମ-root rendering |
| strengthen | ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ ଦେବା | sāmarthya debā | Medium | 4:17 | Reuses baseline ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ (power) root |
| fought the good fight / finished the race / kept the faith | ଉତ୍ତମ ଯୁଦ୍ଧ କରିଛି / ଦୌଡ଼ ସମାପ୍ତ କରିଛି / ବିଶ୍ୱାସ ରକ୍ଷା କରିଛି | — | Medium | 4:7 | Confident testimony grounding the crown of v.8, not self-congratulation |
| poured out as a drink offering | ପେୟ ବଳି ପରି ଢଳାଯାଉଅଛି | peya baḷi pari ḍhaḷāyāuachi | High | 4:6 | Rejected: ନୈବେଦ୍ୟ (naibedya) — the specific term for Jagannath’s bhoga/food offering at Puri |
| departure [euphemism for death] | ପ୍ରସ୍ଥାନ | prasthāna | Medium | 4:6 | Avoid mokṣa-like “release from the cycle” overtone |
| preserved for his heavenly kingdom | ତାହାଙ୍କ ସ୍ୱର୍ଗୀୟ ରାଜ୍ୟ ପାଇଁ ରକ୍ଷା କରିବେ | tāhāṅka swargīya rājya pāiṅ rakṣā karibe | High | 4:18 | Combines baseline ପରିତ୍ରାଣ + ରାଜ୍ୟ roots; climactic assurance statement, contrasted with Demas (4:10) |
Cross-Reference Note
Several terms above touch more than one curriculum doctrine (e.g., ପ୍ରକଟୀକରଣ “appearing” serves both “The Charge to Preach the Word” [4:1] and “Assurance of Reward” [4:8]; ପାରାθήκη/ନ୍ୟାସ “deposit” serves both “Guarding Sound Doctrine” and “Faithful Transmission of the Gospel”). Each such term is listed once under its primary doctrine section above; Phase 2 review routing should apply the highest risk tier recorded for that term across all its doctrinal contexts.
Critical Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: ପରମେଶ୍ୱର
Transliteration: Parameśwara
Doctrine: Deity of Christ / God
Rejected alternatives: ଠାକୁର, ଭଗବାନ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Never ଠାକୁର (Jagannath’s everyday devotional name) or ଭଗବାନ (generic-deity term). Occurs throughout 2 Timothy 1-4 (e.g. 1:1,2,8; 2:19; 3:16-17; 4:1).
Lord
Approved rendering: ପ୍ରଭୁ
Transliteration: prabhu
Doctrine: Lordship and Judgeship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ଠାକୁର
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Never ଠାକୁର. In 2 Timothy the title is bound tightly to Christ’s role as universal Judge (4:1,8) and personal rescuer (4:17-18); occurs 1:2,8,16,18; 2:7,19,22,24; 3:11; 4:1,8,14,17,18,22.
Jesus
Approved rendering: ଯୀଶୁ
Transliteration: Yīśu
Doctrine: Lordship and Judgeship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ଈସା
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Established Odia Christian standard form; ଈସା associated with Muslim/Urdu usage. Occurs throughout.
Christ
Approved rendering: ଖ୍ରୀଷ୍ଟ
Transliteration: Khrīṣṭa
Doctrine: Christology
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
New formal translation_memory entry, elevating the transliteration standard already fixed in the baseline 12_ai_translation_requirements.md (Christ = ଖ୍ରୀଷ୍ଟ) into a full glossary term given 2 Timothy’s dense running use of the title throughout all four chapters. Pairs with the baseline ‘messiah’ entry (ମସୀହା) for the technical OT-fulfillment sense; ଖ୍ରୀଷ୍ଟ is the ordinary running title in 2 Timothy.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: ପବିତ୍ର ଆତ୍ମା
Transliteration: Pabitra Ātmā
Doctrine: Holy Spirit Indwelling and Guarding the Deposit
Rejected alternatives: ପରମାତ୍ମା
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Never ପରମାତ୍ମା (the monistic Universal Self of Vedantic usage). In 2 Timothy 1:14 the Spirit personally guards the entrusted deposit of sound doctrine within the believer; this personal, guarding agency must not be flattened into an impersonal indwelling cosmic principle.
Father
Approved rendering: ପିତା
Transliteration: Pitā
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: ସୃଷ୍ଟିକର୍ତ୍ତା
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timothy 1:2.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: ପୁନରୁତ୍ଥାନ
Transliteration: punarutthāna
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ପୁନର୍ଜନ୍ମ
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Never ପୁନର୍ଜନ୍ମ. 2 Timothy 2:8 confesses it; 2:18 names Hymenaeus and Philetus as false teachers who denied it by claiming ‘the resurrection is already past’ — the sharpest concrete doctrinal-corruption case in this book.
Salvation
Approved rendering: ପରିତ୍ରାଣ
Transliteration: paritrāṇa
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ମୋକ୍ଷ, ମୁକ୍ତି
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Never ମୋକ୍ଷ or ମୁକ୍ତି. Occurs 1:9; 2:10; 3:15; 4:18.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: ଧାର୍ମିକତା
Transliteration: dhārmikatā
Doctrine: Sufficiency of Scripture / Assurance of Reward
Rejected alternatives: ଧର୍ମ, ପୁଣ୍ୟ
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Never ଧର୍ମ. Occurs 2:22; 3:16 (instruction in righteousness); 4:8 (crown of righteousness).
Messiah
Approved rendering: ମସୀହା
Transliteration: Masīhā
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Rejected alternatives: ଅବତାରୀ ପୁରୁଷ
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Reused alongside ଖ୍ରୀଷ୍ଟ as the ordinary running title throughout 2 Timothy.
God Breathed
Approved rendering: ପରମେଶ୍ୱର-ନିଃଶ୍ୱାସିତ
Transliteration: Parameśwara-niḥśwāsita
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: ଅନୁପ୍ରାଣିତ
Original: θεόπνευστος
Category: Scripture
New term (2 Timothy 3:16, θεόπνευστος). The single most important word in the core passage. ଅନୁପ୍ରାଣିତ (‘inspired,’ used broadly of poets, patriots, or devotees moved by any admired figure) is insufficient and rejected as the primary rendering; permissible only as a secondary explanatory gloss in teaching notes, never as the primary translation. Requires a compound calqued directly on ‘God + breathed’ to convey verbal, plenary divine origin.
All Scripture
Approved rendering: ପବିତ୍ର ଶାସ୍ତ୍ର
Transliteration: Pabitra Śāstra
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: ଶାସ୍ତ୍ର (bare, without ପବିତ୍ର modifier)
Original: πᾶσα γραφή
Category: Scripture
New term (2 Timothy 3:16, πᾶσα γραφή). ଶାସ୍ତ୍ର alone is the generic Hindu term for any authoritative treatise (Veda-śāstra, Dharma-śāstra, the Puranic corpus). The ପବିତ୍ର modifier is load-bearing and must never be dropped; it is the doctrinal anchor term for Inspiration and Sufficiency of Scripture.
Judge Living And Dead
Approved rendering: ଜୀବିତ ଓ ମୃତଙ୍କର ବିଚାର କରିବେ
Transliteration: jībita o mṛtaṅkara bicāra karibe
Doctrine: Lordship and Judgeship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: a vague, softened ‘future accountability’ paraphrase
Original: κρίνειν ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς
Category: Christology
New term (2 Timothy 4:1, κρίνειν ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς). A fixed early-church confessional formula (cf. Acts 10:42, 1 Peter 4:5); ties directly to Assurance of Reward — the same Judge who rewards faithfulness (4:8) also judges universally.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: ସୁସମାଚାର
Transliteration: susamācāra
Doctrine: Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
Rejected alternatives: ଖବର
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 1:8,10; 2:8,9; 4:5. Root for the new compound ‘evangelist’ (ସୁସମାଚାର ପ୍ରଚାରକ).
Grace
Approved rendering: କୃପା
Transliteration: kṛpā
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: କର୍ମଫଳ, ପୁଣ୍ୟ
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timothy 1:9 explicitly contrasts grace with works (‘not according to our works but according to His own purpose and grace’) — escalate per baseline grace-vs-merit rule; also 2:1; 4:22.
Faith
Approved rendering: ବିଶ୍ୱାସ
Transliteration: biśwāsa
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: ଭକ୍ତି
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 1:5,13; 2:18,22; 3:8,10,15; 4:7. 1:5’s multi-generational transmission (Lois-Eunice-Timothy) must be read as personal saving trust, not inherited devotional custom.
Called
Approved rendering: ଆହୂତ
Transliteration: āhūta
Doctrine: Effectual Calling / Election
Rejected alternatives: ନିମନ୍ତ୍ରିତ
Original: καλέσαντος (root κλητός)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timothy 1:9, effectual-calling sense (‘called us with a holy calling’).
Calling
Approved rendering: ଆହ୍ୱାନ
Transliteration: āhwāna
Doctrine: Effectual Calling / Election
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timothy 1:9, ‘holy calling.‘
Holy
Approved rendering: ପବିତ୍ର
Transliteration: pabitra
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ଶୁଦ୍ଧ
Original: ἅγιος / ἁγία
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timothy 1:9, ‘holy calling.‘
Sanctification
Approved rendering: ପବିତ୍ରୀକରଣ
Transliteration: pabitrīkaraṇa
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ଶୁଦ୍ଧିକରଣ
Original: ἡγιασμένον (root ἁγιάζω)
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timothy 2:21, ‘sanctified… vessel for honor.’ Distinguish from ritual purity protocols and hereditary temple-service qualification.
Sin
Approved rendering: ପାପ
Transliteration: pāpa
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: ଅଧର୍ମ
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timothy 3:6.
Glory
Approved rendering: ମହିମା
Transliteration: mahimā
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ତେଜ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timothy 2:10; 4:18 (closing doxology).
Power Of God
Approved rendering: ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ
Transliteration: Parameśwaraṅka Sāmarthya
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ଶକ୍ତି
Original: δύναμις
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Never ଶକ୍ତି (Shakta-tradition collision). Occurs 1:7,8; also underlies the verb ἐνδυναμόω at 4:17 (see new entry ‘strengthen’).
Seed Of David
Approved rendering: ଦାଉଦଙ୍କ ବଂଶରୁ
Transliteration: Dāudaṅka Baṃśaru
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: σπέρμα Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timothy 2:8, co-occurring with ପୁନରୁତ୍ଥାନ.
Holy Scriptures
Approved rendering: ପବିତ୍ର ଲେଖା
Transliteration: Pabitra Lekhā
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: generic ‘religious literature’ rendering
Original: ἱερὰ γράμματα
Category: Scripture
New term (2 Timothy 3:15, ἱερὰ γράμματα). Distinct from ପବିତ୍ର ଶାସ୍ତ୍ର (v.16, technical canonical category); names Timothy’s lifelong personal exposure to Scripture. Must not be read alongside the Panchasakha devotional corpus (Jagannath Das’s Odia Bhagavata) read daily in village bhagavata tungi halls.
Make Wise For Salvation
Approved rendering: ଜ୍ଞାନୀ କରିବା (ପରିତ୍ରାଣ ପାଇଁ)
Transliteration: jñānī karibā (paritrāṇa pāiṅ)
Doctrine: Sufficiency of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: bare ଜ୍ଞାନ without the following faith-in-Christ clause
Original: σοφίσαι… εἰς σωτηρίαν
Category: Scripture
New term (2 Timothy 3:15, σοφίσαι εἰς σωτηρίαν). ଜ୍ଞାନ is the central term of Vedantic jñāna-mārga (path of knowledge), where self-knowledge itself liberates apart from a personal savior. Must always be anchored to the following ‘through faith… in Christ Jesus’ clause so the wisdom is never read as self-attained liberating gnosis.
Teaching Doctrine
Approved rendering: ଶିକ୍ଷା
Transliteration: śikṣā
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: διδασκαλία / διδαχή
Category: Doctrine
New term (διδασκαλία / διδαχή). Same Odia word used for both near-synonymous Greek nouns; consistency required across 2 Timothy 3:16; 4:2; 4:3.
Instruction In Righteousness
Approved rendering: ଧାର୍ମିକତାରେ ଅନୁଶାସନ
Transliteration: dhārmikatāre anuśāsana
Doctrine: Sufficiency of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: any rendering using ଧର୍ମ instead of ଧାର୍ମିକତା
Original: παιδεία ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ
Category: Doctrine
New term (2 Timothy 3:16, παιδεία ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ). Reuses baseline ଧାର୍ମିକତା; must preserve the sense of Scripture actively forming right living, never a separate code of ritual duty.
Every Good Work
Approved rendering: ପ୍ରତ୍ୟେକ ସତ୍କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ
Transliteration: pratyeka satkāryya
Doctrine: Sufficiency of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: any କର୍ମ-rooted compound (e.g. ସତ୍କର୍ମ)
Original: πᾶν ἔργον ἀγαθόν
Category: Ethics
New term (πᾶν ἔργον ἀγαθόν; 2 Timothy 3:17; also 1:9; 4:14). Must be built on କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ, never କର୍ମ, to avoid a karma-merit reading of works that flow from grace already received.
Sound Doctrine
Approved rendering: ସୁସ୍ଥ ଶିକ୍ଷା
Transliteration: susa śikṣā
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία
Category: Doctrine
New term (ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία; 2 Timothy 1:13; 4:3). Preserves the health/sickness metaphor field, continued in the ‘gangrene’ image at 2:17; definitional term for this doctrine across the book.
Rightly Dividing
Approved rendering: ସତ୍ୟ ବାକ୍ୟର ଠିକ୍ ବ୍ୟାଖ୍ୟା କରିବା
Transliteration: satya bākyara ṭhik byākhyā karibā
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Rejected alternatives: literal ‘straight-cutting’ calque
Original: ὀρθοτομέω
Category: Doctrine
New term (2 Timothy 2:15, ὀρθοτομέω). The literal ‘straight-cutting’ craftsman’s/road-builder’s image does not transfer naturally into Odia; rendered for sense.
The Deposit
Approved rendering: ନ୍ୟାସ
Transliteration: nyāsa
Doctrine: Faithful Transmission of the Gospel / Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: παραθήκη
Category: Doctrine
New term (παραθήκη; 2 Timothy 1:12,14; 2:2 verb form). The hinge word for both doctrines; must be rendered with the identical Odia word in both directions of Paul’s usage (his own life entrusted to God, 1:12; the gospel entrusted to Timothy, 1:14) or the two-way stewardship picture collapses.
The Elect
Approved rendering: ମନୋନୀତ ଲୋକ
Transliteration: manonīta loka
Doctrine: Effectual Calling / Election
Rejected alternatives: ଭାଗ୍ୟ, ନିୟତି, Nabakalebara sign-based ritual-selection framing
Original: ἐκλεκτοί
Category: Salvation
New term (2 Timothy 2:10, ἐκλεκτοί), adjectival form of the baseline election concept (ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ମନୋନୟନ). Must not be read as impersonal fate or the technical, sign-based ritual selection procedure used to identify a new sacred image during Nabakalebara.
Entrust
Approved rendering: ଅର୍ପଣ କରିବା
Transliteration: arpaṇa karibā
Doctrine: Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
Rejected alternatives: standalone ritual-offering framing (e.g. ଫଳାର୍ପଣ style)
Original: παρατίθεμαι
Category: Doctrine
New term (2 Timothy 2:2, παρατίθεμαι, verb-form of παραθήκη/ନ୍ୟାସ). Names the four-generation transmission chain (Paul-Timothy-faithful men-others); render with the same term-family used for the_deposit.
Ministry Service
Approved rendering: ସେବକାର୍ଯ୍ୟ
Transliteration: sebakāryya
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and Ministry Office
Rejected alternatives: bare ସେବା
Original: διακονία
Category: Church
New term (διακονία; 2 Timothy 4:5; also 1:3, λατρεύω). Avoid bare ସେବା alone, the word used for the hereditary, caste-linked temple-service roles (seba) of Puri sevayat/pandaa families; the compound keeps Timothy’s personal, Spirit-empowered ministry distinct from an inherited ritual office.
Solemnly Charge
Approved rendering: ମୁଁ ଦୃଢ଼ ଭାବରେ ଆଜ୍ଞା ଦେଉଛି
Transliteration: muṁ dṛḍha bhābare ājñā deuchi
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Rejected alternatives: a casual single-verb request/suggestion
Original: διαμαρτύρομαι
Category: Preaching
New term (2 Timothy 4:1, διαμαρτύρομαι). A formal, covenant-witnessed commissioning invoking God and Christ Jesus as witnesses; must not be softened.
Preach The Word
Approved rendering: ବାକ୍ୟ ପ୍ରଚାର କର
Transliteration: bākya pracāra kara
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: κήρυξον τὸν λόγον
Category: Preaching
New term (2 Timothy 4:2, κήρυξον τὸν λόγον). κηρύσσω pictures a royal herald’s authoritative public announcement, not private opinion-sharing; retain the established ପ୍ରଚାର verb but preserve the herald-decree nuance in surrounding teaching material.
Word Of God
Approved rendering: ବାକ୍ୟ
Transliteration: bākya
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: ὁ λόγος (τοῦ θεοῦ)
Category: Scripture
New term (2 Timothy 4:2; 2:9, ‘the word of God is not chained’). Shorthand for God’s revealed message/Scripture, consistent with ପବିତ୍ର ଶାସ୍ତ୍ର.
Appearing
Approved rendering: ପ୍ରକଟୀକରଣ
Transliteration: prakaṭīkaraṇa
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward / The Charge to Preach the Word
Rejected alternatives: Rath Yatra / Nabajauban Besha periodic ritual-appearing framing
Original: ἐπιφάνεια
Category: Eschatology
New term (ἐπιφάνεια; 2 Timothy 4:1,8). Puri’s Jagannath temple observes periodic ritual ‘appearings’ of the deity to public view (Rath Yatra; Nabajauban Besha). Christ’s ἐπιφάνεια is a singular, final, historical return, never a recurring calendrical festival appearance.
Ashamed
Approved rendering: ଲଜ୍ଜିତ ହେବା
Transliteration: lajjita hebā
Doctrine: Shame and Honor in Gospel Witness
Original: ἐπαισχύνομαι
Category: Ethics
New term (2 Timothy 1:8,12,16, ἐπαισχύνομαι). Honor/shame-dynamics term; public identification with a shamed, imprisoned figure carries real social cost in an honor-conscious culture and must not be softened.
Last Days
Approved rendering: ଶେଷ କାଳ
Transliteration: śeṣa kāḷa
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Rejected alternatives: ଯୁଗ (cyclical four-yuga cosmology)
Original: ἔσχαται ἡμέραι
Category: Eschatology
New term (2 Timothy 3:1, ἔσχαται ἡμέραι). A linear, one-time terminal period preceding Christ’s final return, never a phase within Odisha’s cyclical Satya-Tretā-Dvāpara-Kali cosmology, in which the present corrupt Kali Yuga eventually resets rather than terminates.
Godliness
Approved rendering: ପରମେଶ୍ୱର ଭକ୍ତି
Transliteration: Parameśwara bhakti
Doctrine: Godliness: Form versus Power
Rejected alternatives: bare ଭକ୍ତି
Original: εὐσέβεια
Category: Ethics
New term (2 Timothy 3:5,12, εὐσέβεια). Unqualified ଭକ୍ତି names Odia Vaishnav devotional-surrender practice; the verse’s own form-vs-power contrast makes the explicit divine object non-negotiable.
Myths Fables
Approved rendering: କଳ୍ପିତ କଥା
Transliteration: kaḷpita kathā
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Rejected alternatives: ପୌରାଣିକ କାହାଣୀ (Puranic story)
Original: μῦθοι
Category: Apostasy
New term (2 Timothy 4:4, μῦθοι). ପୁରାଣ (Purāṇa) is directly tied to Jagannath’s own textual traditions (Skanda Purāṇa’s Purushottama Māhātmya). A generic term with no built-in reference to any specific religious corpus is required instead.
Turn Away
Approved rendering: ବିମୁଖ ହେବା
Transliteration: bimukha hebā
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: ἀποστρέφω
Category: Apostasy
New term (ἀποστρέφω; 2 Timothy 1:15, ‘all in Asia turned away from me’; 4:4). Key consistent apostasy-verb across the book.
This Present Age
Approved rendering: ଏହି ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନ ଜଗତ
Transliteration: ehi bartamāna jagat
Doctrine: Love of This Present Age versus Love of Christ’s Appearing
Rejected alternatives: ଯୁଗ
Original: ὁ νῦν αἰών
Category: Eschatology
New term (2 Timothy 4:10, ὁ νῦν αἰών). Using ଯୁଗ would import the cyclical Hindu cosmic-age scheme into a verse about Demas’s love of worldly comfort over gospel partnership.
The Devil
Approved rendering: ଶୟତାନ
Transliteration: Śaitāna
Doctrine: The Devil and Spiritual Opposition
Rejected alternatives: ଭୂତ
Original: διάβολος
Category: Apostasy
New term (2 Timothy 2:26, διάβολος). ଭୂତ is the generic folk-belief evil-spirit/ghost term of Odia bhuta-preta belief and exorcism practice; the biblical devil is a single, personal, cosmic tempter, categorically distinct.
Youthful Lusts
Approved rendering: ଯୌବନ କାମନା
Transliteration: yaubana kāmanā
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Rejected alternatives: unqualified rendering readable as legitimate puruṣārtha kāma
Original: νεωτερικαὶ ἐπιθυμίαι
Category: Ethics
New term (νεωτερικαὶ ἐπιθυμίαι; 2 Timothy 2:22; cf. 3:6, 4:3). Must carry clearly negative, disordered-craving force since କାମନା shares its root with the generally legitimate life-goal ka̅ma.
Endure Hardship
Approved rendering: କଷ୍ଟ ସହ
Transliteration: kaṣṭa saha
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Rejected alternatives: any ଭୋଗ-rooted rendering
Original: κακοπαθέω
Category: Suffering
New term (κακοπαθέω; 2 Timothy 2:3; 4:5). Must not be rendered with any word built on the root ଭୋଗ (bhoga), the widespread Odia folk-religious framework of suffering as karma-phala-bhoga.
Endurance
Approved rendering: ସହନ କରିବା / ସହନଶୀଳତା
Transliteration: sahana karibā / sahanaśīlatā
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Rejected alternatives: any ଭୋଗ-rooted rendering
Original: ὑπομένω / ὑπομονή
Category: Suffering
New term (ὑπομένω/ὑπομονή; 2 Timothy 2:10,12, ‘if we endure, we will also reign with him’). Keep distinct from ଧୈର୍ଯ୍ୟ (patience toward people).
Persecution
Approved rendering: ତାଡ଼ନା
Transliteration: tāḍanā
Doctrine: Persecution as Normative for Godly Living
Original: διωγμός
Category: Suffering
New term (2 Timothy 3:11,12, διωγμός). Presented as the expected, universal, normal experience of godly living, not an anomaly; must not be softened.
Love Agape
Approved rendering: ପ୍ରେମ
Transliteration: prema
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Ethics
New term (ἀγάπη; 2 Timothy 1:7; 2:22; 4:8). ପ୍ରେମ is necessary and standard, but ପ୍ରେମ-ଭକ୍ତି (‘loving devotion’) is a major technical category in the Gaudiya/Odia Vaishnav devotional tradition historically prominent at Puri. Catechetical material must clarify Christian ἀγάπη is God’s self-giving, cross-demonstrated love, not primarily worshipper-directed devotional emotion.
Before The Ages
Approved rendering: ଅନନ୍ତକାଳ ପୂର୍ବେ
Transliteration: ananta kāḷa pūrbe
Doctrine: Effectual Calling / Election
Rejected alternatives: ଅନାଦିକାଳରୁ (Vedantic ଅନାଦି, ‘beginningless’)
Original: πρὸ χρόνων αἰωνίων
Category: Salvation
New term (2 Timothy 1:9, πρὸ χρόνων αἰωνίων). Paul’s point is a fixed pre-creation divine plan, not a beginningless cosmic cycle or a beginningless universe/soul.
Immortality
Approved rendering: ଅକ୍ଷୟତା
Transliteration: akṣayatā
Doctrine: Immortality and Resurrection Hope
Rejected alternatives: ଅମରତ୍ୱ (Vedantic ātman’s inherent eternality)
Original: ἀφθαρσία
Category: Eschatology
New term (2 Timothy 1:10, ἀφθαρσία). A future gift secured through Christ’s finished work and brought to light through the gospel, not a native property every soul already possesses.
Righteous Judge
Approved rendering: ଧାର୍ମିକ ବିଚାରପତି
Transliteration: dhārmika bicārapati
Doctrine: Lordship and Judgeship of Christ
Original: ὁ δίκαιος κριτής
Category: Christology
New term (2 Timothy 4:8, ὁ δίκαιος κριτής). The same figure as 4:1’s Judge of the living and the dead; unites judgment and Assurance of Reward in a single figure.
Repay According To Works
Approved rendering: କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ ଅନୁସାରେ ପ୍ରତିଫଳ ଦେବେ
Transliteration: kāryya anusāre pratiphaḷa debe
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Rejected alternatives: any କର୍ମ-rooted rendering, bare ଫଳ ଦେବେ
Original: ἀποδίδωμι κατὰ τὰ ἔργα
Category: Reward
New term (2 Timothy 4:14, ἀποδίδωμι κατὰ τὰ ἔργα). This phrase is structurally the closest the New Testament comes to sounding like karma-phala language; the rendering must preserve a personal Judge’s specific verdict, not an impersonal, automatic law of moral cause-and-effect.
Poured Out Drink Offering
Approved rendering: ମୁଁ ପେୟ ବଳି ପରି ଢଳାଯାଉଅଛି
Transliteration: muṁ peya baḷi pari ḍhaḷāyāuachi
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Rejected alternatives: ନୈବେଦ୍ୟ (Jagannath’s bhoga/food-offering term)
Original: σπένδομαι
Category: Reward
New term (2 Timothy 4:6, σπένδομαι). ନୈବେଦ୍ୟ is the specific term for Jagannath’s bhoga offering at Puri, later distributed as mahaprasad, part of the ritual-offering economy already flagged for ‘grace.’ Use the generic ବଳି instead.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: ପ୍ରେରିତ
Transliteration: prerita
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: ଗୁରୁ
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Occurs 1:1,11.
Peace
Approved rendering: ଶାନ୍ତି
Transliteration: śānti
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: ମନ ଶାନ୍ତି
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timothy 2:22.
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: ଆତ୍ମିକ ଦାନ
Transliteration: ātmika dāna
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and Ministry Office
Rejected alternatives: ବର
Original: χάρισμα
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package (concept root). 2 Timothy 1:6 uses the singular, office-specific χάρισμα form for Timothy’s own ministry gift; see also new entry ‘gift_of_god_office’.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ରାଜ୍ୟ
Transliteration: Parameśwaraṅka Rājya
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timothy 4:1 and 4:18 (‘his heavenly kingdom’, ତାହାଙ୍କ ସ୍ୱର୍ଗୀୟ ରାଜ୍ୟ).
Gentiles
Approved rendering: ଅନ୍ୟଜାତି
Transliteration: anyajāti
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: ବିଦେଶୀ
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timothy 4:17; variant reading also at 1:11.
Profitable
Approved rendering: ଲାଭଦାୟକ
Transliteration: lābhadāyaka
Doctrine: Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: ὠφέλιμος
Category: Scripture
New term (2 Timothy 3:16, ὠφέλιμος). Standard rendering, low collision risk.
Reproof
Approved rendering: ଦୋଷ ଦର୍ଶନ
Transliteration: doṣa darśana
Doctrine: Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: ἐλεγμός
Category: Doctrine
New term (2 Timothy 3:16, ἐλεγμός, noun form). Cf. verb form ἐλέγχω at 4:2, rendered ଦୋଷ ଦେଖାଇବା.
Correction
Approved rendering: ସଂଶୋଧନ
Transliteration: saṃśodhana
Doctrine: Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: ἐπανόρθωσις
Category: Doctrine
New term (2 Timothy 3:16, ἐπανόρθωσις).
Complete
Approved rendering: ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ
Transliteration: sampūrṇṇa
Doctrine: Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: ἄρτιος
Category: Scripture
New term (2 Timothy 3:17, ἄρτιος).
Thoroughly Equipped
Approved rendering: ସୁସଜ୍ଜିତ
Transliteration: susajjita
Doctrine: Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: ἐξηρτισμένος
Category: Scripture
New term (2 Timothy 3:17, ἐξηρτισμένος).
Man Of God
Approved rendering: ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ଲୋକ
Transliteration: Parameśwaraṅka loka
Doctrine: Sufficiency of Scripture
Original: ὁ τοῦ θεοῦ ἄνθρωπος
Category: Church
New term (2 Timothy 3:17, ὁ τοῦ θεοῦ ἄνθρωπος). Gender-inclusive rendering, preserving the inclusive force of ἄνθρωπος (not ἀνήρ).
Profane Empty Babbling
Approved rendering: ଅପବିତ୍ର ଅସାର କଥାବାର୍ତ୍ତା
Transliteration: apabitra asāra kathābārtā
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: βέβηλοι κενοφωνίαι
Category: Doctrine
New term (2 Timothy 2:16, βέβηλοι κενοφωνίαι). ଅପବିତ୍ର is the negative of baseline ପବିତ୍ର.
Gangrene
Approved rendering: କର୍କଟ କ୍ଷତ
Transliteration: karkaṭa kṣata
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: γάγγραινα
Category: Doctrine
New term (2 Timothy 2:17, γάγγραινα). Preserve the vivid medical image; it reinforces the ‘sound/healthy teaching’ metaphor field and should not be flattened to an abstract ‘will spread.‘
Foundation
Approved rendering: ଭିତ୍ତିମୂଳ
Transliteration: bhittimūḷa
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: θεμέλιος
Category: Doctrine
New term (2 Timothy 2:19, θεμέλιος).
Iniquity
Approved rendering: ଅନ୍ୟାୟ
Transliteration: anyāya
Doctrine: Sin
Original: ἀδικία
Category: Sin
New term (2 Timothy 2:19, ἀδικία), distinct from ପାପ (ἁμαρτία).
Vessel
Approved rendering: ପାତ୍ର
Transliteration: pātra
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: σκεῦος
Category: Church
New term (2 Timothy 2:20-21, σκεῦος). Household-metaphor for varying kinds of usefulness in God’s service.
Conscience
Approved rendering: ବିବେକ
Transliteration: bibeka
Doctrine: Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Ethics
New term (2 Timothy 1:3, συνείδησις, ‘I serve with a pure conscience’).
Unfeigned Faith
Approved rendering: ନିଷ୍କପଟ ବିଶ୍ୱାସ
Transliteration: niṣkapaṭa biśwāsa
Doctrine: Faith
Original: ἀνυπόκριτος πίστις
Category: Faith
New term (2 Timothy 1:5, ἀνυπόκριτος πίστις), modifier on baseline ବିଶ୍ୱାସ. Key text for gospel transmission as family/generational reality (Lois-Eunice-Timothy) before it becomes an institutional charge (2:2).
Evangelist
Approved rendering: ସୁସମାଚାର ପ୍ରଚାରକ
Transliteration: susamācāra pracāraka
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: εὐαγγελιστής
Category: Church
New term (2 Timothy 4:5, εὐαγγελιστής), built on the already-established baseline ସୁସମାଚାର.
Laying On Of Hands
Approved rendering: ହସ୍ତାର୍ପଣ
Transliteration: hastārpaṇa
Doctrine: Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
Original: ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν
Category: Church
New term (2 Timothy 1:6, ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν), the ordination rite by which Timothy’s ministry gift was conferred.
Gift Of God Office
Approved rendering: ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ଦାନ
Transliteration: Parameśwaraṅka dāna
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and Ministry Office
Rejected alternatives: ବର
Original: χάρισμα τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Church
New term (2 Timothy 1:6, χάρισμα τοῦ θεοῦ), singular and office-specific form of the baseline χαρίσματα concept. Distinguish from a generic ‘boon’ granted for devotion or merit.
Mercy
Approved rendering: ଦୟା
Transliteration: dayā
Doctrine: Mercy and Divine Compassion
Original: ἔλεος
Category: God
New term (2 Timothy 1:2,16,18, ἔλεος). ଦୟା is also the standard word for general human compassion; when naming God’s mercy it should appear with an explicit divine subject (ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ଦୟା) to keep the personal, God-directed sense clear.
Promise Of Life
Approved rendering: ପ୍ରତିଜ୍ଞା (ଜୀବନର)
Transliteration: pratijñā (jībanara)
Doctrine: Faithful Transmission of the Gospel
Original: ἐπαγγελία ζωῆς
Category: Covenant
New term (2 Timothy 1:1, ἐπαγγελία ζωῆς). Reuses the covenant-promise root established for the baseline Messianic Promise doctrine; the life promised is resurrection life, not a this-worldly boon.
In Season Out Of Season
Approved rendering: ସୁବିଧାରେ ଓ ଅସୁବିଧାରେ
Transliteration: subidhāre o asubidhāre
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Rejected alternatives: a literal reference to seasons of the year
Original: εὐκαίρως ἀκαίρως
Category: Preaching
New term (2 Timothy 4:2, εὐκαίρως ἀκαίρως). Idiom-handling.
Convince Reprove
Approved rendering: ଦୋଷ ଦେଖାଇବା
Transliteration: doṣa dekhāibā
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: ἐλέγχω
Category: Preaching
New term (2 Timothy 4:2, ἐλέγχω, verb form; cf. noun form ἐλεγμός at 3:16).
Rebuke
Approved rendering: ଧମକାଇବା
Transliteration: dhamakāibā
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: ἐπιτιμάω
Category: Preaching
New term (2 Timothy 4:2, ἐπιτιμάω), a sharper corrective word than ἐλέγχω.
Longsuffering
Approved rendering: ଧୈର୍ଯ୍ୟ
Transliteration: dhairya
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: μακροθυμία
Category: Ethics
New term (2 Timothy 4:2, μακροθυμία, patience toward people). Keep distinct from ସହନଶୀଳତା (endurance under suffering/circumstances).
Be Watchful
Approved rendering: ସଚେତନ ରୁହ
Transliteration: sacetana ruha
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: νήφω
Category: Ethics
New term (2 Timothy 4:5, νήφω).
Fulfill Ministry
Approved rendering: ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ରୂପେ ସମ୍ପାଦନ କରିବା
Transliteration: pūrṇṇa rūpe sampādana karibā
Doctrine: The Charge to Preach the Word
Original: πληροφορέω (τὴν διακονίαν)
Category: Church
New term (2 Timothy 4:5, πληροφορέω τὴν διακονίαν).
Testimony
Approved rendering: ସାକ୍ଷ୍ୟ
Transliteration: sākṣya
Doctrine: Shame and Honor in Gospel Witness
Original: μαρτύριον
Category: Preaching
New term (2 Timothy 1:8, μαρτύριον, ‘the testimony of our Lord’).
Perilous Times
Approved rendering: କଠିନ ସମୟ
Transliteration: kaṭhina samaya
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: καιροὶ χαλεποί
Category: Eschatology
New term (2 Timothy 3:1, καιροὶ χαλεποί).
Form Of Godliness
Approved rendering: ବାହ୍ୟ ରୂପ
Transliteration: bāhya rūpa
Doctrine: Godliness: Form versus Power
Original: μόρφωσις
Category: Ethics
New term (2 Timothy 3:5, μόρφωσις), outward form/appearance without corresponding inner substance.
Itching Ears
Approved rendering: ନୂଆ କଥା ଶୁଣିବାର ଆଗ୍ରହ
Transliteration: nuā kathā śuṇibāra āgraha
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Rejected alternatives: a literal translation of ‘itching ears’
Original: κνηθόμενοι τὴν ἀκοήν
Category: Apostasy
New term (2 Timothy 4:3, κνηθόμενοι τὴν ἀκοήν). Idiom-handling.
Turned Aside
Approved rendering: ବିପଥଗାମୀ ହେବା
Transliteration: bipathagāmī hebā
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: ἐκτρέπω
Category: Apostasy
New term (2 Timothy 4:4, ἐκτρέπω).
Snare
Approved rendering: ଫାନ୍ଦ
Transliteration: phānda
Doctrine: The Devil and Spiritual Opposition
Original: παγίς
Category: Apostasy
New term (2 Timothy 2:26, παγίς).
Disqualified Concerning Faith
Approved rendering: ଅଯୋଗ୍ୟ
Transliteration: ayogya
Doctrine: Faith
Original: ἀδόκιμος περὶ τὴν πίστιν
Category: Apostasy
New term (2 Timothy 3:8, ἀδόκιμος περὶ τὴν πίστιν), modifier on baseline ବିଶ୍ୱାସ.
Impostors
Approved rendering: ପ୍ରବଞ୍ଚକ
Transliteration: prabañcaka
Doctrine: Apostasy and False Teachers in the Last Days
Original: γόητες
Category: Apostasy
New term (2 Timothy 3:13, γόητες).
Deliver Rescue Temporal
Approved rendering: ଉଦ୍ଧାର କରିବା
Transliteration: uddhāra karibā
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Original: ῥύομαι
Category: Suffering
New term (ῥύομαι; 2 Timothy 3:11; 4:17). Distinct from ପରିତ୍ରାଣ (final salvation); this is temporal, circumstantial rescue from particular persecutions.
Self Control
Approved rendering: ସଂଯମ
Transliteration: saṃyama
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and Ministry Office
Original: σωφρονισμός
Category: Ethics
New term (2 Timothy 1:7, σωφρονισμός). Also names ascetic/yogic self-restraint in Hindu and Jain renunciate practice; here it denotes Spirit-given inner steadiness, not self-achieved ascetic mastery.
Gentleness
Approved rendering: ମୃଦୁତା
Transliteration: mṛdutā
Doctrine: Guarding Sound Doctrine
Original: πραΰτης
Category: Ethics
New term (2 Timothy 2:25, πραΰτης).
Gods Own Purpose
Approved rendering: ଉଦ୍ଦେଶ୍ୟ
Transliteration: uddeśya
Doctrine: Effectual Calling / Election
Original: πρόθεσις
Category: Salvation
New term (2 Timothy 1:9, πρόθεσις).
Crown Of Righteousness
Approved rendering: ଧାର୍ମିକତାର ମୁକୁଟ
Transliteration: dhārmikatāra mukuṭa
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Original: ὁ τῆς δικαιοσύνης στέφανος
Category: Reward
New term (2 Timothy 4:8, ὁ τῆς δικαιοσύνης στέφανος). Reuses baseline ଧାର୍ମିକତା; clarify metaphorical eschatological-reward sense vs. literal/ceremonial crown imagery (Jagannath’s images are themselves ceremonially crowned during certain festivals).
Strengthen
Approved rendering: ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ ଦେବା
Transliteration: sāmarthya debā
Doctrine: Perseverance under Suffering
Original: ἐνδυναμόω
Category: Suffering
New term (2 Timothy 4:17, ἐνδυναμόω), reuses baseline ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ root, never ଶକ୍ତି.
Fought The Good Fight
Approved rendering: ଉତ୍ତମ ଯୁଦ୍ଧ କରିଛି, ଦୌଡ଼ ସମାପ୍ତ କରିଛି, ବିଶ୍ୱାସ ରକ୍ଷା କରିଛି
Transliteration: uttama yuddha karichi, dauḍa samāpta karichi, biśwāsa rakṣā karichi
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Original: τὸν καλὸν ἀγῶνα ἠγώνισμαι, τὸν δρόμον τετέλεκα, τὴν πίστιν τετήρηκα
Category: Reward
New term (2 Timothy 4:7, athletic/military triad). Paul’s confident testimony grounding the crown of v.8; should read as confident testimony, not boastful self-congratulation.
Departure
Approved rendering: ପ୍ରସ୍ଥାନ
Transliteration: prasthāna
Doctrine: Assurance of Reward
Rejected alternatives: mokṣa-like ‘final release from the cycle of existence’ framing
Original: ἀνάλυσις
Category: Reward
New term (2 Timothy 4:6, ἀνάλυσις). Paul’s personal departure to be with Christ, not liberation from saṃsāra.
Low Risk Terms
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: ଧନ୍ୟବାଦ ସ୍ତୁତି
Transliteration: dhanyabāda stuti
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστῶ (root εὐχαριστία)
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timothy 1:3 (verb form).
David
Approved rendering: ଦାଉଦ
Transliteration: Dāuda
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. 2 Timothy 2:8.
Exhort
Approved rendering: ଉତ୍ସାହିତ କରିବା
Transliteration: utsāhita karibā
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. In 2 Timothy 4:2, paired with rebuke, leans toward the ‘urge/entreat’ sense rather than pure encouragement.
Referenced passages