Log in

or use your email

Search the Library

Keyword search across Doctrine Analysis, Core Glossary, Comparative Theology, and Regional Analysis. Mention a language name for the best results — e.g. "remnant burmese" or "what glossary terms conflict for burmese."

Type at least 2 characters to search.

Work with us

Tell us a bit about how you'd like to work with tri-bible.ai.

Stay informed Get our weekly newsletter. Never sold or shared, unsubscribe anytime.

Let us serve you Church leaders and ministry networks seeking translated curriculum Join our team Volunteers interested in reviewing translations
Download Translation Skill

Core Glossary

Core Glossary — Jude (English → Odia)

This glossary extends the baseline Romans translation_memory.json for the Jude curriculum. Every term marked Reused carries over its exact baseline rendering, doctrine risk, and forbidden alternatives unchanged; do not re-litigate these. Every term marked New must be added to translation_memory.json as a new entry before Phase 2 translation begins, incrementing the translation memory version number per the requirements document’s Load and Enforcement Instructions.

Risk tiers follow the baseline doctrine_risk_registry.json definitions exactly (Critical / High / Medium / Low; review routing: human theologian / native speaker / automated).


1. Terms Reused Exactly from the Romans Baseline

#English TermGreek (Translit.)Odia RenderingRiskDoctrine (baseline)Jude Reference(s)
1faithπίστις (pistis)ବିଶ୍ୱାସ (biśwāsa)HighFaith1:3, 1:20
2salvationσωτηρία (sōtēria)ପରିତ୍ରାଣ (paritrāṇa)CriticalSalvation1:3
3saintsἅγιοι (hagioi)ପବିତ୍ର ଲୋକ (pabitra loka)HighSainthood1:3, 1:14
4holyἅγιος (hagios)ପବିତ୍ର (pabitra)HighSanctification1:3 (“most holy faith”), 1:20
5calledκλητός (klētos)ଆହୂତ (āhūta)HighDivine Calling1:1
6Lordκύριος (kyrios)ପ୍ରଭୁ (prabhu)CriticalLordship of Christ1:4, 1:5(var.), 1:9, 1:14, 1:17, 1:21, 1:25
7JesusἸησοῦς (Iēsous)ଯୀଶୁ (Yīśu)CriticalLordship of Christthroughout
8ChristΧριστός (Christos)ଖ୍ରୀଷ୍ଟ (Khrīṣṭa)CriticalDeity of Christthroughout
9Godθεός (theos)ପରମେଶ୍ୱର (Parameśwara)CriticalDeity of Christ1:1, 1:4, 1:21, 1:25
10Holy Spiritπνεῦμα ἅγιον (pneuma hagion)ପବିତ୍ର ଆତ୍ମା (Pabitra Ātmā)CriticalSanctification1:19, 1:20
11gloryδόξα (doxa)ମହିମା (mahimā)HighDeity of Christ1:8 (concrete sense), 1:24, 1:25
12graceχάρις (charis)କୃପା (kṛpā)HighGrace1:4
13sin(ners)ἁμαρτία/ἁμαρτωλός (hamartia/hamartōlos)ପାପ / ପାପୀ (pāpa/pāpī)HighUniversal Human Accountability1:15
14peaceεἰρήνη (eirēnē)ଶାନ୍ତି (śānti)MediumPeace with God1:2
15apostle(s)ἀπόστολος (apostolos)ପ୍ରେରିତ (prerita)MediumApostleship1:17
16prophesied/prophecyπροφητεύω/προφητείαଭବିଷ୍ୟଦ୍ବାଣୀ କଲେ / ଭବିଷ୍ୟଦ୍ବାଣୀLowInspiration of Scripture / Fulfillment of Prophecy1:14
17power of God (dominion)κράτος (kratos, cf. δύναμις)ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ (sāmarthya)HighPower of God1:25
18MosesΜωϋσῆς (Mōusēs)ମୋଶା (Mośā)LowDavidic/OT Covenant background1:9
19Amenἀμήνଆମେନ୍LowDoxology1:25

2. New Terms Required for Jude

#English TermGreek (Translit.)Literal MeaningOdia RenderingOdia Translit.RiskDoctrineJude Ref.Rejected Alternatives / Rationale
1contend (for the faith)ἐπαγωνίζομαι (epagōnizesthai)to struggle earnestly upon/forପ୍ରାଣପଣରେ ସଂଗ୍ରାମ କରିବାprāṇapaṇare saṅgrāma karibāHighContending for the Faith Once Delivered1:3Rejected ଯୁଦ୍ଧ କରିବା (“to wage war”) — too literally militaristic; rejected any ଧର୍ମ-rooted compound — collides with caste-duty/dharma connotations per baseline law/righteousness caution.
2once for all deliveredἅπαξ παραδοθείσῃ (hapax paradotheisē)handed down a single, unrepeatable timeଏକ ଥର ପାଇଁ ସମର୍ପିତeka thara pāin samarpitaCriticalContending for the Faith Once Delivered1:3Must not be rendered in a way suggesting ongoing revelation; contrasts with the living, cumulative devotional-literary transmission model of the Panchasakha corpus (cf. baseline inspiration_of_scripture).
3ungodly / ungodlinessἀσεβής/ἀσέβεια (asebēs/asebeia)without reverence for Godପରମେଶ୍ୱରହୀନParameśwarahīnaHighJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:4, 1:15(×4), 1:18Rejected ଅଧର୍ମୀ (uses forbidden ଧର୍ମ root); rejected ଅଭକ୍ତ (“lacking bhakti”) — wrongly frames the concept as devotional deficiency toward Jagannath rather than rebellion against the true God.
4Sovereign / Masterδεσπότης (despotēs)absolute owner-masterଅଧିପତିadhipatiCriticalLordship of Christ (extension)1:4Rejected ସ୍ୱାମୀ (“Swami”) — the standard Hindu ascetic-teacher/guru honorific; would recast Christ’s absolute mastery as a guru-disciple relation.
5kept / keep (τηρέω word-group)τηρέω (tēreō)to guard, preserve, keep in a stateରକ୍ଷା କରି ରଖିବାrakṣā kari rakhibāHighKept by God and Presented Blameless1:1, 1:6(×2), 1:13, 1:21Deliberately distinguished from ପରିତ୍ରାଣ (a one-time deliverance event) and from the σῴζω verb (rescue); consistency mandatory across all 5 occurrences including the ironic reversal at 1:13.
6able to keep/guard (φυλάσσω, doxology)φυλάσσω (phylassō)to guard, watch overରକ୍ଷା କରି ରଖିବାରେ ସକ୍ଷମrakṣā kari rakhibāre sakṣamaHighKept by God and Presented Blameless1:24Same root family as τηρέω rendering, for literary/thematic consistency at the letter’s climax.
7eternalἀΐδιος / αἰώνιος (aidios/aiōnios)everlasting, without endଅନନ୍ତanantaHighJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers / Doxology1:6, 1:7, 1:13, 1:21, 1:25Must be held distinct from a Vedantic sense of the eternal, impersonal ātman’s release from the rebirth cycle (cf. baseline salvation/resurrection Critical cautions against ମୋକ୍ଷ/ପୁନର୍ଜନ୍ମ).
8judgmentκρίσις (krisis)judicial verdict/decisionବିଚାରbicāraHighJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:4, 1:6, 1:9, 1:15Must convey a personal, forensic divine verdict, not impersonal karma-style cause-and-effect.
9mercyἔλεος (eleos)compassion shown toward one in needଦୟାdayāHighMercy and Rescue of the Wavering1:2, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23Distinguish from devotional compassion granted in response to bhakti/ritual approach (darshan, offering, pilgrimage), cf. baseline grace doctrine note — mercy here flows from God’s initiative even toward the still-wavering.
10those who doubt / waverδιακρινόμενος (pass., diakrinomenos)to be divided in one’s own mindଦ୍ୱିଧାଗ୍ରସ୍ତdwidhāgrastaHighMercy and Rescue of the Wavering1:22Same lexeme as “disputed” at 1:9 (active sense) — must be rendered with a distinguishable Odia expression per context; do not collapse the two senses.
11disputed / contended (with the devil)διακρίνομαι (act., diakrinomenos)to argue with anotherବିବାଦ କରୁଥିଲେbibāda karuthileMediumJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:9See #10 — semantic-range twin requiring distinct Odia rendering.
12blamelessἄμωμος (amōmos)without blemish (orig. sacrificial term)ନିଖୁଣnikhuṇaHighKept by God and Presented Blameless1:24Status secured by God’s keeping power, not self-achieved moral perfection or ritual merit — echoes baseline grace-vs-merit caution.
13Saviorσωτήρ (sōtēr)one who saves/deliversତ୍ରାଣକର୍ତ୍ତାTrāṇakarttāCriticalDoxology and God’s Preserving Power1:25Agent-noun cognate of baseline’s ପରିତ୍ରାଣ; must never suggest a liberator-figure within a cyclical rebirth/release framework, nor be conflated with regionally venerated deliverer/avatar figures.
14loveἀγάπη (agapē)self-giving, covenantal loveପ୍ରେମpremaMediumMercy and Rescue of the Wavering (contextual)1:2, 1:12, 1:21Distinguish from ମିତ୍ରତା (mere friendship) and from Vaishnav “prema-bhakti” devotional-emotional union vocabulary.
15love feastsἀγάπαι (agapai, pl.)communal fellowship meals of the early churchପ୍ରେମ ଭୋଜନprema bhojanaHighChurch fellowship (contextual)1:12Grounded collision: Puri’s mahaprasad/Ananda Bazaar communal sacred-food distribution (cf. baseline Romans 14 food-practices note) is ritual-offering-derived; Jude’s ἀγάπαι are ordinary Christian fellowship meals, not deity-offered/redistributed food.
16devilδιάβολος (diabolos)accuser, slandererଶୟତାନśaytānaMediumOld Testament Warnings as Types1:9Established Odia Christian loanword; avoid confusion with local bhuta/preta spirit categories.
17angel(s)ἄγγελος (angelos)messengerସ୍ୱର୍ଗଦୂତswargadūtaMediumOld Testament Warnings as Types1:6Avoid any term suggesting a Hindu devatā (demigod) category.
18archangelἀρχάγγελος (archangelos)chief angelପ୍ରଧାନ ସ୍ୱର୍ଗଦୂତpradhāna swargadūtaLowOld Testament Warnings as Types1:9
19blaspheme / blasphemyβλασφημέω/-ία (blasphēmeō/-ia)to speak evil against, revileନିନ୍ଦା କରିବାnindā karibāHighJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:8, 1:9, 1:10Must denote a specifically religious offense (irreverent speech against God/sacred authority), not mere insult.
20lordship/authority (κυριότης)κυριότης (kyriotēs)dominion, lordship (abstract)ପ୍ରଭୁତ୍ୱprabhutwaHighLordship of Christ (extension)1:8Built on the established ପ୍ରଭୁ root; never ଠାକୁର-rooted vocabulary.
21glorious ones (concrete δόξα)δόξαι (doxai, pl.)glorious beings (angelic)ମହିମାଶାଳୀ ସ୍ୱର୍ଗୀୟ ପ୍ରାଣୀmahimāśāḷī swargīya prāṇīHighDeity of Christ (contrast)1:8Distinct concrete sense of the same lexeme rendered abstractly as ମହିମା at 1:24-25; translator note required.
22worldly / soulish, without the Spiritψυχικός (psychikos)governed by natural human life, lacking the Spiritଆତ୍ମାହୀନ ସାଂସାରିକātmāhīna sāṅsārikaHighJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:19Must not be confused with ପବିତ୍ର ଆତ୍ମା (Holy Spirit); describes the Spirit’s absence, a sharp diagnostic claim.
23eternal lifeζωὴ αἰώνιος (zōē aiōnios)unending personal life granted by Godଅନନ୍ତ ଜୀବନananta jībanaHighDoxology and God’s Preserving Power1:21See “eternal” (#7) caution against Vedantic/moksha associations.
24woeοὐαί (ouai)prophetic lament/judgment interjectionଧିକ୍ / ହାୟdhik / hāyaMediumJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:11Must retain prophetic-judicial force.
25example / warning typeδεῖγμα (deigma)specimen shown for instructionଚେତାବନୀର ଉଦାହରଣcetābanīra udāharaṇaMediumOld Testament Warnings as Types1:7Conveys typological warning function, not mere illustration.
26strange fleshσαρκὸς ἑτέρας (sarkos heteras)flesh of another/unnatural kind (euphemism)ଅସ୍ୱାଭାବିକ କୁକର୍ମaswābhāvika kukarmaHighOld Testament Warnings as Types1:7Decorous rendering avoiding both vulgarity and moral softening.
27sexual immoralityἐκπορνεύω (ekporneuō)to indulge utterly in sexual immoralityବ୍ୟଭିଚାରbyabhicāraMedium-HighOld Testament Warnings as Types1:7Preserve moral seriousness; handle with pastoral sensitivity.
28defileμιαίνω (miainō)to stain, polluteକଳଙ୍କିତ କରିବାkalaṅkita karibāMediumOld Testament Warnings as Types1:8Moral defilement, distinct from ritual-purity categories.
29dreamersἐνυπνιάζομαι (enypniazomai)to dream (pejorative, false visionary)ସ୍ୱପ୍ନଦର୍ଶୀswapnadarśīMediumJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:8Must not be confused with Enoch’s genuine prophecy (1:14).
30rebukeἐπιτιμάω (epitimaō)to reprimand with authorityଭର୍ତ୍ସନା କରିବାbhartsanā karibāLowOld Testament Warnings as Types1:9
31dared notοὐκ ἐτόλμησενdid not presume/ventureସାହସ କରି ନ ଥିଲେsāhasa kari na thileLowOld Testament Warnings as Types1:9
32irrational animalsἄλογα ζῷα (aloga zōa)creatures without reasonବିଚାରହୀନ ପଶୁbicārahīna paśuLow-MediumJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:10
33way of Cainὁδὸς τοῦ ΚάϊνCain’s path/patternକୟିନର ପଥKāyinara pathaMediumOld Testament Warnings as Types1:11Requires OT background note; low assumed narrative literacy.
34error of Balaamπλάνη τοῦ ΒαλαάμBalaam’s delusionବିଲିୟମର ଭ୍ରାନ୍ତିBilīyamara bhrāntiMediumOld Testament Warnings as Types1:11Lexical link (πλάνη/πλανάω) to “wandering stars” (1:13); preserve conceptually.
35reward/wage (mercenary motive)μισθός (misthos)payment, wageପାରିତୋଷିକpāritoṣikaLow-MediumOld Testament Warnings as Types1:11
36rebellion of Korahἀντιλογία τοῦ ΚόρεKorah’s contradiction/rebellionକୋରହର ବିଦ୍ରୋହKorahara bidrohaMediumOld Testament Warnings as Types1:11
37perished / destroyedἀπόλλυμι (apollymi)to be utterly ruinedବିନାଶ ପାଇଲେ / ବିନାଶ କଲେbināśa pāile/kaleHighJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:5, 1:11Lexical echo linking wilderness generation (1:5) and OT rebels (1:11); keep rendering consistent.
38hidden reefs / blemishesσπιλάδες (spilades)submerged rocks OR stains (ambiguous)ଗୁପ୍ତ ପାହାଡ (alt. କଳଙ୍କ)gupta pāhāḍa / kalaṅkaMediumJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:12Footnote the sense ambiguity for translators.
39shepherding themselvesποιμαίνω (poimainō)to feed/tend (as a shepherd)ପାଳକ / ନିଜକୁ ପାଳନ କରନ୍ତିpālaka / nijaku pālana karantiMediumChurch leadership (contextual)1:12False shepherds who exploit rather than feed.
40wandering starsἀστέρες πλανῆται (asteres planētai)stars that stray from their courseଭ୍ରମଣକାରୀ ତାରାbhramaṇakārī tārāMediumJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:13Same root as “error” (1:11); preserve deception/wandering theme via note.
41EnochἙνώχ (Henōch)proper nameହନୋକHanokaHigh (doctrinal note)Inspiration of Scripture (extension)1:14Citation of 1 Enoch material does not confer canonical status — parallel to baseline’s Panchasakha/Odia Bhagavata caution.
42holy myriadsἁγίαις μυριάσινinnumerable holy multitudeପବିତ୍ର ଅଯୁତ ଅଯୁତpabitra ayuta ayutaMediumDoxology (contextual)1:14Builds on reused ପବିତ୍ର.
43convictἐλέγχω (elenchō)to expose, prove guiltyଦୋଷୀ ପ୍ରମାଣିତ କରିବାdoṣī pramāṇita karibāMediumJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:15
44harsh wordsλόγοι σκληροίsevere/hard speechକଠୋର ବାକ୍ୟkaṭhora bākyaLowJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:15
45grumblersγογγυστής (gongystēs)complainerଅସନ୍ତୋଷୀasantoṣīLowJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:16
46malcontentsμεμψίμοιρος (mempsimoiros)fault-finderଅଭିଯୋଗକାରୀabhiyogakārīLowJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:16
47lusts / desiresἐπιθυμία (epithymia)strong (illicit) desireଅଭିଳାଷabhilāṣaMediumJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:16, 1:18
48boastful wordsὑπέρογκα (hyperogka)bombastic, swollen speechଗର୍ବିତ ବଚନgarbita bacanaLowJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:16
49flattering for advantageθαυμάζοντες πρόσωπα…χάρινshowing partiality for gainଲାଭ ପାଇଁ ମୁଖସ୍ତୁତି କରିବାlābha pāin mukhastuti karibāMediumJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:16Manipulative religious leadership.
50the last timeἔσχατος χρόνοςthe final eraଶେଷ କାଳśeṣa kālaMediumFulfillment of Prophecy (extension)1:18Eschatological, not merely “recent.”
51scoffersἐμπαίκτης (empaiktēs)mockerଉପହାସକupahāsakaMediumJudgment on Ungodly False Teachers1:18
52causing divisionsἀποδιορίζω (apodiorizō)to mark off by factionsବିଭାଜନ ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରିବାbibhājana sṣṭi karibāMediumChurch unity (contextual)1:19
53building upἐποικοδομέω (epoikodomeō)to build upon a foundationଆତ୍ମିକ ଭାବରେ ଗଠନ କରିବାātmika bhāve gaṭhana karibāMediumMutual Edification (extension)1:20
54snatching from the fireἁρπάζω ἐκ πυρόςto seize forcibly out of fireଅଗ୍ନିରୁ ଛଡ଼ାଇ ଆଣିବାagniru chaḍāi ānibāMediumMercy and Rescue of the Wavering1:23Tied lexically/thematically to “eternal fire” (1:7).
55garment stained by the fleshχιτὼν ἐσπιλωμένος ἀπὸ τῆς σαρκόςgarment defiled by sinful fleshମାଂସ ଦ୍ୱାରା କଳଙ୍କିତ ବସ୍ତ୍ରmāṅsa dwārā kalaṅkita bastraMediumMercy and Rescue of the Wavering1:23Hate the stain, rescue the person — fine pastoral distinction.
56majestyμεγαλωσύνη (megalōsynē)greatnessପ୍ରତାପpratāpaMediumDoxology and God’s Preserving Power1:25
57authorityἐξουσία (exousia)right to act, authorityଅଧିକାରadhikāraMediumDoxology and God’s Preserving Power1:25
58without stumblingἄπταιστος (aptaistos)not tripping/fallingଝୁଣ୍ଟା ନ ଖାଇjhuṇṭā na khāiMediumKept by God and Presented Blameless1:24
59present (before glory)ἵστημι (histēmi, aor. στῆσαι)to cause to standଉପସ୍ଥିତ କରାଇବାupasthita karāibāMediumKept by God and Presented Blameless1:24
60exceeding joyἀγαλλίασις (agalliasis)intense joy/exultationମହା ଆନନ୍ଦmahā ānandaLowDoxology and God’s Preserving Power1:24
61servant (of Jesus Christ)δοῦλος (doulos)slave, bondservantଦାସdāsaMedium(Authorial self-designation)1:1Established biblical term; retain despite residual caste/bonded-labor associations in Odia society — flag for pastoral sensitivity.
62multipliedπληθύνω (plēthynō)to increase, multiplyବୃଦ୍ଧି ପାଉbṣddhi pāuLow(Salutation blessing)1:2

3. Proper Names (New for Jude)

EnglishGreekOdiaTransliterationRiskNote
Jude (author)ἸούδαςଯିହୂଦାYihudāLowDistinguish from Judas Iscariot and the patriarch/tribe Judah — same root. Also the book title.
JamesἸάκωβοςଯାକୁବYākubaLowEstablished Odia Bible form.
MichaelΜιχαήλମୀଖାଏଲMīkhāelaLowProper name, archangel.
CainΚάϊνକୟିନKāyinaMediumRequires OT background note (low assumed narrative literacy).
BalaamΒαλαάμବିଲିୟମBilīyamaMediumRequires OT background note.
KorahΚόρεକୋରହKorahaMediumRequires OT background note.
EnochἙνώχହନୋକHanokaHigh (doctrinal)See term #41 above re: 1 Enoch citation caution.
SodomΣόδομαସଦୋମSadomaLowEstablished OT place name.
GomorrahΓόμορραଗମୋରାGamorāLowEstablished OT place name.
EgyptΑἴγυπτοςମିସରMisaraLowEstablished Odia Bible form.

4. Risk Summary for Jude Curriculum

Risk TierCount (new terms)Count (reused terms)Review Routing
Critical3 (contend’s deposit-phrase, Sovereign/Master, Savior)5 (faith*, salvation, Lord, Jesus/Christ, God, Holy Spirit — *faith is High at baseline but functions at Critical sensitivity here given the “faith once delivered” doctrine)Human theologian
High196Human theologian
Medium303Native speaker review
Low105Automated review

Note: Counts reflect the term-level table above; several terms (e.g., “eternal,” “kept/τηρέω,” “ungodly,” “judgment”) recur across multiple verses but are counted once each as distinct glossary entries, consistent with the baseline’s per-term (not per-occurrence) risk accounting.

The single highest-stakes new decision for this curriculum is the doctrinal anchor phrase “once for all delivered” (ἅπαξ παραδοθείσῃ) → ଏକ ଥର ପାଇଁ ସମର୍ପିତ, since it defines the closed nature of the apostolic deposit against which the rest of the letter’s warnings operate — this must receive mandatory human theologian review at every occurrence, alongside the newly introduced Savior (ତ୍ରାଣକର୍ତ୍ତା) and Sovereign/Master (ଅଧିପତି) terms, both of which extend Critical-tier Christological protections already established in the Romans baseline.


Critical Risk Terms

Salvation

Approved rendering: ପରିତ୍ରାଣ
Transliteration: paritrāṇa
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ମୋକ୍ଷ, ମୁକ୍ତି
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: never ମୋକ୍ଷ or ମୁକ୍ତି. Jude 1:3’s ‘common salvation’ (κοινή σωτηρία) reinforces that this deliverance is shared corporately by all believers, not a private or elite attainment through pilgrimage or ritual devotion.


Lord

Approved rendering: ପ୍ରଭୁ
Transliteration: prabhu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ଠାକୁର
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: never ଠାକୁର. Used of Jesus Christ throughout Jude (1:4, 1:9, 1:14, 1:17, 1:21, 1:25) and, per the best-attested textual reading, of the pre-incarnate Christ at 1:5. At 1:4 this title is deliberately doubled with δεσπότης (‘Sovereign/Master’), requiring the distinct Odia term ଅଧିପତି alongside ପ୍ରଭୁ, never collapsing the two.


Jesus

Approved rendering: ଯୀଶୁ
Transliteration: Yīśu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ଈସା
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package. If the destination base text follows the best-attested reading ‘Ἰησοῦς’ at Jude 1:5, this passage identifies the pre-incarnate Christ with the one who saved Israel out of Egypt and later judged the unbelieving — a strong deity-of-Christ affirmation requiring mandatory theologian review and a translator note on the textual variant.


Christ

Approved rendering: ଖ୍ରୀଷ୍ଟ
Transliteration: Khrīṣṭa
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology

New formal translation_memory entry, though the transliteration form was already implied by the Romans baseline’s proper-name conventions (12_ai_translation_requirements.md). Used throughout Jude in the fixed compound ‘Jesus Christ’ (1:1, 1:4, 1:17, 1:21, 1:25). Distinct from ମସୀହା, which remains reserved for the OT-promise ‘Messiah’ sense established in the Romans baseline; Jude does not require that separate sense.


God

Approved rendering: ପରମେଶ୍ୱର
Transliteration: Parameśwara
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ଠାକୁର, ଭଗବାନ
Original: θεός
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: never ଠାକୁର or ଭଗବାନ. Jude 1:25 explicitly names God ‘the only (μόνῳ) God our Savior’ — the exclusivity marker must be preserved without softening.


Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: ପବିତ୍ର ଆତ୍ମା
Transliteration: Pabitra Ātmā
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ପରମାତ୍ମା
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL: never ପରମାତ୍ମା. Jude 1:19 uses the absence of the Holy Spirit as the sharp diagnostic mark of false teachers (ψυχικοί, πνεῦμα μὴ ἔχοντες); Jude 1:20 commands ‘praying in the Holy Spirit.‘


Father

Approved rendering: ପିତା
Transliteration: Pitā
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Rejected alternatives: ସୃଷ୍ଟିକର୍ତ୍ତା

Inherited from Romans package. Jude 1:1: believers are ‘beloved in God the Father.’ Avoid the more distant, abstract ସୃଷ୍ଟିକର୍ତ୍ତା (creator).


Faith Once Delivered

Approved rendering: ଏକ ଥର ପାଇଁ ସମର୍ପିତ
Transliteration: eka thara pāin samarpita
Doctrine: The Faith Once Delivered (Closed Apostolic Deposit)
Original: ἅπαξ παραδοθείσῃ
Category: Faith

Jude 1:3. The single most theologically load-bearing phrase in the book. Must never be softened to imply ongoing, cumulative revelation. Directly contrasts with the living, growing, orally-transmitted devotional-literary model of Odisha’s Panchasakha corpus (especially Jagannath Das’s Odia Bhagavata, read nightly in village bhagavata tungi halls). Mandatory human theologian review at every occurrence.


Sovereign Master

Approved rendering: ଅଧିପତି
Transliteration: adhipati
Doctrine: Deity and Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ସ୍ୱାମୀ
Original: δεσπότης
Category: Christology

Jude 1:4 (δεσπότης). CRITICAL: never ସ୍ୱାମୀ (‘Swami’), the standard Hindu ascetic-teacher/guru honorific, which would recast Christ’s absolute ownership as a guru-disciple relationship. Kept distinct from ପ୍ରଭୁ (κύριος) to preserve Jude’s rhetorical doubling of two Greek titles for Christ in one clause.


Savior

Approved rendering: ତ୍ରାଣକର୍ତ୍ତା
Transliteration: Trāṇakarttā
Doctrine: Exclusive Salvation through Christ
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Salvation

σωτήρ, Jude 1:25, ‘the only God our Savior.’ New agent-noun cognate of the baseline’s Critical ପରିତ୍ରାଣ; must never suggest a liberator-figure within a cyclical rebirth/release framework (parallel to the ମୋକ୍ଷ/ମୁକ୍ତି caution), nor be conflated with any of the region’s several venerated deliverer/avatar figures. The exclusivity marker μόνῳ (‘only’) must be preserved.


High Risk Terms

Faith

Approved rendering: ବିଶ୍ୱାସ
Transliteration: biśwāsa
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: ଭକ୍ତି
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package. In Jude 1:3 (‘the faith once for all delivered’) and 1:20 (‘most holy faith’) the sense shifts from personal trust to the objective body of apostolic doctrine entrusted to the saints; the Odia rendering stays identical for consistency, but a translator note is required marking this objective sense so readers do not assume only subjective trust is meant.


Saints

Approved rendering: ପବିତ୍ର ଲୋକ
Transliteration: pabitra loka
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: ସାଧୁ, ପଞ୍ଚସଖା
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. In Jude 1:3 (recipients of the once-for-all-delivered faith) and 1:14 (accompanying the Lord’s judgment). Never ପଞ୍ଚସଖା, the revered Odia Vaishnav poet-saints, an elite literary-devotional category, not the corporate status of every believer.


Holy

Approved rendering: ପବିତ୍ର
Transliteration: pabitra
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ଶୁଦ୍ଧ
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification

Inherited from Romans package. In Jude 1:20 describing the ‘most holy faith’ (ମହା ପବିତ୍ର ବିଶ୍ୱାସ). Avoid ritual-purity-only connotations relevant to Jagannath temple worship protocols; this is moral and relational set-apartness applied here to the character of the faith itself.


Called

Approved rendering: ଆହୂତ
Transliteration: āhūta
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: ନିମନ୍ତ୍ରିତ
Original: κλητός
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Jude 1:1: believers are ‘beloved in God the Father and kept for Jesus Christ, called.’ God’s sovereign summons, not a devotee’s own vow-taking or pilgrimage to Puri, and not the sign-based ritual selection process of Nabakalebara.


Glory

Approved rendering: ମହିମା
Transliteration: mahimā
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ତେଜ
Original: δόξα
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. Jude uses δόξα in two distinct senses requiring a translator note: the abstract sense (God’s own glory, 1:24-25, rendered ମହିମା) and a distinct concrete sense (‘glorious ones’ = angelic beings, 1:8, rendered with the separate compound ମହିମାଶାଳୀ ସ୍ୱର୍ଗୀୟ ପ୍ରାଣୀ — see glorious_ones entry). Never collapse the two into the same bare word without disambiguation.


Grace

Approved rendering: କୃପା
Transliteration: kṛpā
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: କର୍ମଫଳ, ପୁଣ୍ୟ
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Jude 1:4 is the sharpest test case of the grace-vs-merit caution: false teachers ‘turn grace into licentiousness’ — କୃପା must be God’s unmerited favor being wrongly perverted into license for immorality, never confused with the ritual-offering economy (seba, bhoga, pilgrimage merit) of Jagannath devotion.


Sin

Approved rendering: ପାପ
Transliteration: pāpa
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: ଅଧର୍ମ
Original: ἁμαρτία / ἁμαρτωλός
Category: Sin

Inherited from Romans package. ‘Sinners’ (ἁμαρτωλοί) named among the ungodly at Jude 1:15.


Power Of God

Approved rendering: ପରମେଶ୍ୱରଙ୍କ ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ
Transliteration: Parameśwaraṅka Sāmarthya
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ଶକ୍ତି
Original: κράτος
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package. Base rendering ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ extended to Jude 1:25’s doxological κράτος (‘dominion/might’), never ଶକ୍ତି, per the Shakta-tradition collision caution (Maa Samaleswari, Maa Tarini). See also power_of_god_kratos entry for the specific doxology mapping.


Contend For The Faith

Approved rendering: ପ୍ରାଣପଣରେ ସଂଗ୍ରାମ କରିବା
Transliteration: prāṇapaṇare saṅgrāma karibā
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith
Rejected alternatives: ଯୁଦ୍ଧ କରିବା, ଧର୍ମ-rooted compounds
Original: ἐπαγωνίζομαι
Category: Faith

Jude 1:3. Never ଯୁଦ୍ଧ କରିବା (‘wage war’) — too literally militaristic. Never any ଧର୍ମ-rooted compound — collides with caste-duty/dharma connotations forbidden for righteousness/law. Must not read as a sectarian guru-loyalty contest between rival Vaishnav devotional lineages.


Ungodly

Approved rendering: ପରମେଶ୍ୱରହୀନ
Transliteration: Parameśwarahīna
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: ଅଧର୍ମୀ, ଅଭକ୍ତ
Original: ἀσεβής / ἀσέβεια
Category: Sin

Jude 1:4, 1:15 (x4), 1:18. Never ଅଧର୍ମୀ (forbidden ଧର୍ମ root). Never ଅଭକ୍ତ (‘lacking bhakti’), which would wrongly frame ungodliness as devotional deficiency toward Jagannath rather than rebellion against the one true God.


Kept Tereo

Approved rendering: ରକ୍ଷା କରି ରଖିବା
Transliteration: rakṣā kari rakhibā
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Rejected alternatives: ସାଇତି ରଖିବା, ସୁରକ୍ଷିତ ରଖିବା (as free variants)
Original: τηρέω
Category: Salvation

τηρέω word-group; the epistle’s single most important recurring keyword (Jude 1:1, 1:6 x2, 1:13, 1:21). Must be rendered with strict, locked consistency across all five occurrences — including the ironic reversal at 1:13 where the same root describes darkness ‘reserved’ for the wicked. Distinguished from ପରିତ୍ରାଣ (a one-time deliverance event) and from the σῴζω rescue verb.


Keep Guard Phylasso

Approved rendering: ରକ୍ଷା କରି ରଖିବାରେ ସକ୍ଷମ
Transliteration: rakṣā kari rakhibāre sakṣama
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: φυλάσσω
Category: Salvation

φυλάσσω, Jude 1:24 — the letter’s climactic restatement of the keeping motif: what believers are told to do for themselves (τηρήσατε, 1:21) God alone is able to do fully (φυλάξαι, 1:24). Same root family as kept_tereo for literary/thematic consistency at the letter’s climax.


Eternal

Approved rendering: ଅନନ୍ତ
Transliteration: ananta
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types / Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Original: ἀΐδιος / αἰώνιος
Category: Eschatology

ἀΐδιος/αἰώνιος, Jude 1:6 (chains), 1:7 (fire), 1:13 (darkness), 1:25 (God’s own existence). Must be held distinct from a Vedantic sense of the eternal, impersonal ātman’s release from the rebirth cycle. Used first of negative judgment states (1:6-7, 1:13), so the word itself must never be assumed inherently positive — always check context.


Judgment

Approved rendering: ବିଚାର
Transliteration: bicāra
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: κρίσις
Category: Judgment

κρίσις, Jude 1:4, 1:6, 1:9, 1:15. Must convey a personal, forensic divine verdict pronounced by a righteous Judge — never the impersonal, self-operating cause-and-effect of karma, a live explanatory framework in everyday Odia religious speech.


Mercy

Approved rendering: ଦୟା
Transliteration: dayā
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Salvation

ἔλεος, Jude 1:2, 1:21, 1:22, 1:23. Distinguish from devotional compassion granted in Odia Vaishnav/Shakta traditions (Jagannath bhakti; Maa Samaleswari/Maa Tarini) in response to ritual approach (darshan, offering, pilgrimage). Jude’s mercy flows from God’s initiative and character, extended even to those still wavering in doubt — cross-reference the grace doctrine note.


Wavering Doubt

Approved rendering: ଦ୍ୱିଧାଗ୍ରସ୍ତ
Transliteration: dwidhāgrasta
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Original: διακρινόμενος (passive)
Category: Faith

διακρινόμενος (passive), Jude 1:22. Same lexeme as ‘disputed’ at 1:9 in its active sense (see disputed_contended); must be rendered with a distinguishable Odia expression per context — denotes a struggling believer needing compassionate patience, not an outright apostate deserving rejection.


Blameless

Approved rendering: ନିଖୁଣ
Transliteration: nikhuṇa
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: ἄμωμος
Category: Salvation

ἄμωμος, Jude 1:24, originally a sacrificial-purity term applied to believers’ final standing before God’s glory. This status is secured entirely by God’s keeping power, not self-achieved moral perfection through ritual observance or accumulated merit.


Love Feasts

Approved rendering: ପ୍ରେମ ଭୋଜନ
Transliteration: prema bhojana
Doctrine: Church fellowship (Love Feasts and Church Fellowship)
Rejected alternatives: ମହାପ୍ରସାଦ-adjacent vocabulary, ଆନନ୍ଦ ବଜାର-adjacent vocabulary
Original: ἀγάπαι
Category: Church

ἀγάπαι, Jude 1:12. Grounded collision: Puri’s mahaprasad/Ananda Bazaar communal sacred-food distribution is ritual-offering-derived (bhoga first offered to Jagannath, then redistributed as prasad). Jude’s ordinary Christian fellowship meals are structurally different. Mandatory translator note at every occurrence.


Blaspheme

Approved rendering: ନିନ୍ଦା କରିବା
Transliteration: nindā karibā
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: βλασφημέω / βλασφημία
Category: Judgment

βλασφημέω/βλασφημία, Jude 1:8, 1:9, 1:10. Must denote a specifically religious offense — irreverent speech against God or sacred/angelic authority — not merely a generic insult.


Lordship Authority Kyriotes

Approved rendering: ପ୍ରଭୁତ୍ୱ
Transliteration: prabhutwa
Doctrine: Deity and Lordship of Christ
Original: κυριότης
Category: Christology

κυριότης, Jude 1:8 — the authority-structure rejected by false teachers. Built on the established ପ୍ରଭୁ root; never ଠାକୁର-rooted vocabulary, consistent with the baseline’s lordship_of_christ caution.


Glorious Ones

Approved rendering: ମହିମାଶାଳୀ ସ୍ୱର୍ଗୀୟ ପ୍ରାଣୀ
Transliteration: mahimāśāḷī swargīya prāṇī
Doctrine: Deity and Lordship of Christ (contrast)
Original: δόξαι
Category: Angelology

δόξαι (concrete plural sense), Jude 1:8, likely angelic beings reviled by false teachers. Distinct concrete sense of the same lexeme rendered abstractly as ମହିମା at 1:24-25. Mandatory translator note distinguishing the two senses so readers do not infer a plurality of divine-grade glories.


Worldly Soulish

Approved rendering: ଆତ୍ମାହୀନ ସାଂସାରିକ
Transliteration: ātmāhīna sāṅsārika
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ψυχικός
Category: Judgment

ψυχικός + πνεῦμα μὴ ἔχοντες, Jude 1:19. Must not be confused with ପବିତ୍ର ଆତ୍ମା (Holy Spirit); describes the Spirit’s total absence in false teachers, a sharp diagnostic claim, not a neutral description of devotional ‘soulfulness.‘


Eternal Life

Approved rendering: ଅନନ୍ତ ଜୀବନ
Transliteration: ananta jībana
Doctrine: Eternal Life and Eternal Judgment
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Eschatology

ζωὴ αἰώνιος, Jude 1:21, awaited through Christ’s mercy. Must denote unending personal life granted by a personal God, not a Vedantic sense of the impersonal ātman’s release from the rebirth cycle — parallel to the baseline’s Critical caution against ମୋକ୍ଷ/ପୁନର୍ଜନ୍ମ.


Strange Flesh

Approved rendering: ଅସ୍ୱାଭାବିକ କୁକର୍ମ
Transliteration: aswābhāvika kukarma
Doctrine: Sexual Immorality as a Warning Type
Original: σαρκὸς ἑτέρας
Category: Old Testament Types

σαρκὸς ἑτέρας, Jude 1:7, a euphemism for the unnatural character of Sodom’s sin. Decorous rendering must avoid both vulgarity and euphemistic erasure of Jude’s intended moral seriousness.


Sexual Immorality

Approved rendering: ବ୍ୟଭିଚାର
Transliteration: byabhicāra
Doctrine: Sexual Immorality as a Warning Type
Original: ἐκπορνεύω
Category: Sin

ἐκπορνεύω, Jude 1:7. Preserve moral seriousness; handle with pastoral sensitivity but never soften the term’s force.


Perished Destroyed

Approved rendering: ବିନାଶ ପାଇଲେ / ବିନାଶ କଲେ
Transliteration: bināśa pāile / bināśa kale
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἀπόλλυμι
Category: Judgment

ἀπόλλυμι, Jude 1:5 (wilderness generation) and 1:11 (Cain/Balaam/Korah’s company) — an intentional lexical echo. Keep the rendering consistent across both occurrences. Must convey a personal, moral judicial act, never impersonal calamity or karma.


Enoch Citation

Approved rendering: ହନୋକଙ୍କ ଭବିଷ୍ୟଦ୍ବାଣୀର ଉଦ୍ଧୃତି
Transliteration: Hanokaṅka bhabiṣyadbāṇīra uddhṣti
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture and the Enoch Citation
Original: Ἑνώχ…προεφήτευσεν
Category: Inspiration of Scripture

Jude 1:14-15’s citation of a prophecy attributed to Enoch, paralleling material in the extra-biblical Book of 1 Enoch. Does NOT confer canonical, God-breathed status on that book — directly parallel to the baseline’s caution that Odia Christian esteem for Jagannath Das’s Odia Bhagavata (read nightly in village bhagavata tungi halls) does not confer scriptural authority on it. Mandatory human theologian review.


Enoch

Approved rendering: ହନୋକ
Transliteration: Hanoka
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture and the Enoch Citation
Original: Ἑνώχ
Category: Inspiration of Scripture

Ἑνώχ, ‘the seventh from Adam,’ Jude 1:14. See enoch_citation entry for the canonical-status caution regarding Jude’s quotation of material paralleling the extra-biblical Book of 1 Enoch.


Medium Risk Terms

Peace

Approved rendering: ଶାନ୍ତି
Transliteration: śānti
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: ମନ ଶାନ୍ତି
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package. Part of the salutation blessing at Jude 1:2: ‘mercy, peace, and love be multiplied to you.‘


Apostle

Approved rendering: ପ୍ରେରିତ
Transliteration: prerita
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: ଗୁରୁ
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package. Jude 1:17 appeals to ‘the predictions of the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ.’ Distinguish from a generic guru or hereditary temple functionary (pandaa/sevayat) role.


Disputed Contended

Approved rendering: ବିବାଦ କରୁଥିଲେ
Transliteration: bibāda karuthile
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types
Original: διακρίνομαι (active)
Category: Judgment

διακρίνομαι (active), Jude 1:9, of Michael’s dispute with the devil. Semantic-range twin of wavering_doubt (1:22); must never be collapsed into the same Odia word as that entry.


Love

Approved rendering: ପ୍ରେମ
Transliteration: prema
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Rejected alternatives: ମିତ୍ରତା
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Church

ἀγάπη, Jude 1:2, 1:12 (‘love feasts’), 1:21 (‘the love of God’). Distinguish from ମିତ୍ରତା (mere friendship) and from Odia Vaishnav ‘prema-bhakti’ devotional-emotional union vocabulary centered on Krishna/Jagannath, which names a different theological logic of love.


Devil

Approved rendering: ଶୟତାନ
Transliteration: śaytāna
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types
Original: διάβολος
Category: Judgment

διάβολος, Jude 1:9. Established Odia Christian loanword; avoid confusion with local bhuta/preta (ghost/spirit) folk-religion categories.


Angel

Approved rendering: ସ୍ୱର୍ଗଦୂତ
Transliteration: swargadūta
Doctrine: Angelic Rebellion and Judgment
Original: ἄγγελος
Category: Angelology

ἄγγελος, Jude 1:6 (the rebel angels who did not keep their position). Avoid any term suggesting a Hindu devatā (demigod) category; angels are created servants under God’s authority, not lesser deities.


Woe

Approved rendering: ଧିକ୍ / ହାୟ
Transliteration: dhik / hāya
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: οὐαί
Category: Judgment

οὐαί, Jude 1:11. Must retain prophetic-judicial force, not read as casual regret or mild disappointment.


Warning Example

Approved rendering: ଚେତାବନୀର ଉଦାହରଣ
Transliteration: cetābanīra udāharaṇa
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types
Original: δεῖγμα
Category: Old Testament Types

δεῖγμα, Jude 1:7 (Sodom and Gomorrah). Must convey typological, binding warning function, not mere historical illustration.


Defile

Approved rendering: କଳଙ୍କିତ କରିବା
Transliteration: kalaṅkita karibā
Doctrine: Sexual Immorality as a Warning Type
Original: μιαίνω
Category: Sin

μιαίνω, Jude 1:8 (‘defile the flesh’). Moral defilement, distinct from the ritual-purity protocols surrounding Jagannath temple worship.


Dreamers

Approved rendering: ସ୍ୱପ୍ନଦର୍ଶୀ
Transliteration: swapnadarśī
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἐνυπνιάζομαι
Category: Judgment

ἐνυπνιάζομαι, Jude 1:8, pejorative false-visionary self-deception. Must not be confused with Enoch’s genuine prophecy at 1:14.


Way Of Cain

Approved rendering: କୟିନର ପଥ
Transliteration: Kāyinara patha
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types
Original: ὁδὸς τοῦ Κάϊν
Category: Old Testament Types

ὁδὸς τοῦ Κάϊν, Jude 1:11. Requires an explanatory OT background note given assumed low OT narrative literacy among the primary Odia audience.


Error Of Balaam

Approved rendering: ବିଲିୟମର ଭ୍ରାନ୍ତି
Transliteration: Bilīyamara bhrānti
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types
Original: πλάνη τοῦ Βαλαάμ
Category: Old Testament Types

πλάνη τοῦ Βαλαάμ, Jude 1:11. Lexical link (πλάνη/πλανάω) to ‘wandering stars’ at 1:13; preserve the deception/wandering theme conceptually via translator note.


Reward Wage

Approved rendering: ପାରିତୋଷିକ
Transliteration: pāritoṣika
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types
Original: μισθός
Category: Old Testament Types

μισθός, Jude 1:11, Balaam’s mercenary motive. Relevant to the baseline’s caution against transactional, merit-based religion contrasted with grace.


Rebellion Of Korah

Approved rendering: କୋରହର ବିଦ୍ରୋହ
Transliteration: Korahara bidroha
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types
Original: ἀντιλογία τοῦ Κόρε
Category: Old Testament Types

ἀντιλογία τοῦ Κόρε, Jude 1:11. Requires an explanatory OT background note.


Hidden Reefs Blemishes

Approved rendering: ଗୁପ୍ତ ପାହାଡ (alt. କଳଙ୍କ)
Transliteration: gupta pāhāḍa (alt. kalaṅka)
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: σπιλάδες
Category: Judgment

σπιλάδες, Jude 1:12 — genuinely ambiguous between ‘hidden reefs’ (nautical hazard) and ‘stains/blemishes.’ Footnote the sense ambiguity for translators; either sense preserves the warning of hidden danger within fellowship.


Shepherding Themselves

Approved rendering: ପାଳକ / ନିଜକୁ ପାଳନ କରନ୍ତି
Transliteration: pālaka / nijaku pālana karanti
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers (Characteristics of False Teachers)
Original: ποιμαίνω
Category: Church

ποιμαίνω, Jude 1:12, used ironically of false teachers who feed only themselves. Built on the standard church-leadership term ପାଳକ; must be understood as criticizing exploitation, not legitimate pastoral office in general.


Wandering Stars

Approved rendering: ଭ୍ରମଣକାରୀ ତାରା
Transliteration: bhramaṇakārī tārā
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἀστέρες πλανῆται
Category: Judgment

ἀστέρες πλανῆται, Jude 1:13. Same root as ‘error’ at 1:11 (πλάνη); preserve the deception/wandering theme conceptually via translator note.


Holy Myriads

Approved rendering: ପବିତ୍ର ଅଯୁତ ଅଯୁତ
Transliteration: pabitra ayuta ayuta
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture and the Enoch Citation
Original: ἁγίαις μυριάσιν
Category: Judgment

ἁγίαις μυριάσιν, Jude 1:14, an innumerable holy multitude (angels or glorified believers — referent genuinely ambiguous). Builds on the reused ପବିତ୍ର root.


Convict

Approved rendering: ଦୋଷୀ ପ୍ରମାଣିତ କରିବା
Transliteration: doṣī pramāṇita karibā
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἐλέγχω
Category: Judgment

ἐλέγχω, Jude 1:15, part of the coming judgment’s forensic exposure of guilt.


Lust Desire

Approved rendering: ଅଭିଳାଷ
Transliteration: abhilāṣa
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἐπιθυμία
Category: Sin

ἐπιθυμία, Jude 1:16, 1:18. Moral desire opposed to godly will, distinct from a neutral wish.


Flattering For Advantage

Approved rendering: ଲାଭ ପାଇଁ ମୁଖସ୍ତୁତି କରିବା
Transliteration: lābha pāin mukhastuti karibā
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers (Characteristics of False Teachers)
Original: θαυμάζοντες πρόσωπα…χάριν
Category: Judgment

θαυμάζοντες πρόσωπα…χάριν, Jude 1:16. Describes manipulative religious leadership; relevant to church-integrity teaching.


The Last Time

Approved rendering: ଶେଷ କାଳ
Transliteration: śeṣa kāla
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy (extension)
Original: ἔσχατος χρόνος
Category: Eschatology

ἔσχατος χρόνος, Jude 1:18. Must convey an eschatological horizon, not merely ‘recent times.‘


Scoffers

Approved rendering: ଉପହାସକ
Transliteration: upahāsaka
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἐμπαίκτης
Category: Judgment

ἐμπαίκτης, Jude 1:18, mockers of sacred truth predicted by the apostles.


Causing Divisions

Approved rendering: ବିଭାଜନ ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରିବା
Transliteration: bibhājana sṣṭi karibā
Doctrine: Church Unity against Division
Original: ἀποδιορίζω
Category: Church

ἀποδιορίζω, Jude 1:19. The ମଣ୍ଡଳୀ must never be depicted as being segmented along caste or hereditary lines by this term.


Building Up

Approved rendering: ଆତ୍ମିକ ଭାବରେ ଗଠନ କରିବା
Transliteration: ātmika bhāve gaṭhana karibā
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith (extension)
Rejected alternatives: bare construction-verb without the qualifier ଆତ୍ମିକ
Original: ἐποικοδομέω
Category: Sanctification

ἐποικοδομέω, Jude 1:20, spiritual edification in the most holy faith. Keep the qualifying ଆତ୍ମିକ (‘spiritual/inward’) so the phrase never drifts toward literal temple-construction (ଦେଉଳ ନିର୍ମାଣ) imagery.


Snatching From The Fire

Approved rendering: ଅଗ୍ନିରୁ ଛଡ଼ାଇ ଆଣିବା
Transliteration: agniru chaḍāi ānibā
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Original: ἁρπάζω ἐκ πυρός
Category: Salvation

ἁρπάζω ἐκ πυρός, Jude 1:23. Tied lexically and thematically to ‘eternal fire’ at 1:7; preserves the rescue-from-judgment imagery across the letter.


Garment Stained By Flesh

Approved rendering: ମାଂସ ଦ୍ୱାରା କଳଙ୍କିତ ବସ୍ତ୍ର
Transliteration: māṅsa dwārā kalaṅkita bastra
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Original: χιτὼν ἐσπιλωμένος ἀπὸ τῆς σαρκός
Category: Sanctification

χιτὼν ἐσπιλωμένος ἀπὸ τῆς σαρκός, Jude 1:23. Preserves the fine pastoral distinction of hating sin’s contamination while still rescuing the sinner; must survive translation intact.


Majesty

Approved rendering: ପ୍ରତାପ
Transliteration: pratāpa
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Original: μεγαλωσύνη
Category: God

μεγαλωσύνη, Jude 1:25, ascribed to God in the closing doxology.


Authority Exousia

Approved rendering: ଅଧିକାର
Transliteration: adhikāra
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: God

ἐξουσία, Jude 1:25, God’s sovereign right to act, distinct in the same verse from κράτος (might/dominion, see power_of_god).


Without Stumbling

Approved rendering: ଝୁଣ୍ଟା ନ ଖାଇ
Transliteration: jhuṇṭā na khāi
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: ἄπταιστος
Category: Salvation

ἄπταιστος, Jude 1:24. Describes the completeness of God’s keeping power, not the believer’s own flawless effort.


Present Before Glory

Approved rendering: ଉପସ୍ଥିତ କରାଇବା
Transliteration: upasthita karāibā
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: ἵστημι (aor. στῆσαι)
Category: Salvation

ἵστημι (aor. στῆσαι), Jude 1:24. Describes the believer’s final glorified standing before God, secured by grace and God’s keeping power.


Servant Doulos

Approved rendering: ଦାସ
Transliteration: dāsa
Doctrine: Servant Leadership and Authorial Authority
Original: δοῦλος
Category: Church

δοῦλος, Jude 1:1, the author’s self-designation. Established Odia Christian self-designation term; retain despite residual associations with historical bonded labor/caste servitude in Odia society — flag for pastoral sensitivity in teaching contexts, not for doctrinal substitution.


Cain

Approved rendering: କୟିନ
Transliteration: Kāyina
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types
Original: Κάϊν
Category: Old Testament Types

Κάϊν, Jude 1:11. Requires an explanatory OT background note given assumed low OT narrative literacy.


Balaam

Approved rendering: ବିଲିୟମ
Transliteration: Bilīyama
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types
Original: Βαλαάμ
Category: Old Testament Types

Βαλαάμ, Jude 1:11. Requires an explanatory OT background note.


Korah

Approved rendering: କୋରହ
Transliteration: Koraha
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types
Original: Κόρε
Category: Old Testament Types

Κόρε, Jude 1:11. Requires an explanatory OT background note.


Low Risk Terms

Prophecy

Approved rendering: ଭବିଷ୍ୟଦ୍ବାଣୀ
Transliteration: bhabiṣyadbāṇī
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: ଗଣନା
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package. Enoch’s prophecy is cited at Jude 1:14-15; see enoch_citation entry for the accompanying canonical-status caution.


Prophet

Approved rendering: ଭବିଷ୍ୟଦ୍ବକ୍ତା
Transliteration: bhabiṣyadbaktā
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: ଜ୍ୟୋତିଷୀ
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package. Applicable to Enoch’s prophetic role at Jude 1:14.


Moses

Approved rendering: ମୋଶା
Transliteration: Mośā
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types
Original: Μωϋσῆς
Category: Covenant

Formalizes into translation_memory.json the proper-name form already fixed in the Romans baseline’s transliteration standards (12_ai_translation_requirements.md), which did not previously carry a dedicated TM entry. Jude 1:9 references a dispute over Moses’ body between the archangel Michael and the devil.


Amen

Approved rendering: ଆମେନ୍
Transliteration: Āmen
Doctrine: Doxology
Original: ἀμήν
Category: Doxology

Formalizes into translation_memory.json the transliterated liturgical form already fixed in the Romans baseline’s transliteration standards, which did not previously carry a dedicated TM entry. Closes the doxology at Jude 1:25.


Archangel

Approved rendering: ପ୍ରଧାନ ସ୍ୱର୍ଗଦୂତ
Transliteration: pradhāna swargadūta
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types
Original: ἀρχάγγελος
Category: Angelology

ἀρχάγγελος, title of Michael at Jude 1:9.


Rebuke

Approved rendering: ଭର୍ତ୍ସନା କରିବା
Transliteration: bhartsanā karibā
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types
Original: ἐπιτιμάω
Category: Old Testament Types

ἐπιτιμάω, Jude 1:9: ‘The Lord rebuke you.‘


Irrational Animals

Approved rendering: ବିଚାରହୀନ ପଶୁ
Transliteration: bicārahīna paśu
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἄλογα ζῷα
Category: Judgment

ἄλογα ζῷα, Jude 1:10, a comparison for false teachers’ understanding.


Harsh Words

Approved rendering: କଠୋର ବାକ୍ୟ
Transliteration: kaṭhora bākya
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: λόγοι σκληροί
Category: Judgment

λόγοι σκληροί, Jude 1:15, severe speech spoken against God by the ungodly.


Grumblers

Approved rendering: ଅସନ୍ତୋଷୀ
Transliteration: asantoṣī
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers (Characteristics of False Teachers)
Original: γογγυστής
Category: Judgment

γογγυστής, Jude 1:16.


Malcontents

Approved rendering: ଅଭିଯୋଗକାରୀ
Transliteration: abhiyogakārī
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers (Characteristics of False Teachers)
Original: μεμψίμοιρος
Category: Judgment

μεμψίμοιρος, Jude 1:16.


Boastful Words

Approved rendering: ଗର୍ବିତ ବଚନ
Transliteration: garbita bacana
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers (Characteristics of False Teachers)
Original: ὑπέρογκα
Category: Judgment

ὑπέρογκα, Jude 1:16, bombastic speech.


Exceeding Joy

Approved rendering: ମହା ଆନନ୍ଦ
Transliteration: mahā ānanda
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Original: ἀγαλλίασις
Category: Doxology

ἀγαλλίασις, Jude 1:24, the manner of believers’ final presentation before God.


Multiplied

Approved rendering: ବୃଦ୍ଧି ପାଉ
Transliteration: bṣddhi pāu
Doctrine: Servant Leadership and Authorial Authority (salutation blessing)
Original: πληθύνω
Category: Church

πληθύνω, Jude 1:2: ‘may mercy, peace, and love be multiplied.‘


Jude Author

Approved rendering: ଯିହୂଦା
Transliteration: Yihudā
Doctrine: Servant Leadership and Authorial Authority
Original: Ἰούδας
Category: Church

Ἰούδας, the epistle’s author, traditionally the Lord’s half-brother and brother of James (Jude 1:1). Distinguish from Judas Iscariot and from the patriarch/tribe Judah, which share the same Greek/Hebrew root. Also the established Odia book title, ଯିହୂଦା.


James

Approved rendering: ଯାକୁବ
Transliteration: Yākuba
Doctrine: Servant Leadership and Authorial Authority
Original: Ἰάκωβος
Category: Church

Ἰάκωβος, Jude’s brother, Jude 1:1. Established Odia Bible proper-name form.


Michael

Approved rendering: ମୀଖାଏଲ
Transliteration: Mīkhāela
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types
Original: Μιχαήλ
Category: Angelology

Μιχαήλ, the archangel who disputed with the devil over Moses’ body (Jude 1:9).


Sodom

Approved rendering: ସଦୋମ
Transliteration: Sadoma
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types
Original: Σόδομα
Category: Old Testament Types

Σόδομα, Jude 1:7. Established OT place name; requires background note given assumed low OT narrative literacy.


Gomorrah

Approved rendering: ଗମୋରା
Transliteration: Gamorā
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types
Original: Γόμορρα
Category: Old Testament Types

Γόμορρα, Jude 1:7. Established OT place name, destroyed alongside Sodom.


Egypt

Approved rendering: ମିସର
Transliteration: Misara
Doctrine: Old Testament Warnings as Types
Original: Αἴγυπτος
Category: Old Testament Types

Αἴγυπτος, Jude 1:5, the exodus reference. Established Odia Bible form; background note needed given the OT narrative literacy assumption.

Library content is free and openly licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — share and adapt it for non-commercial use, with attribution to tri-bible.ai.

Give feedback

How would you rate this page?

0 / 500 words