Core Glossary
1 Peter — Core Glossary (Punjabi)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, drawn from all five chapters of 1 Peter. Terms marked (reused) are fixed exactly as recorded in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json and MUST NOT be altered. Terms marked (new) are proposed here for the first time for the 1 Peter curriculum and must be added to translation memory, with version increment, before Phase 2 segment translation begins.
| # | English Term | Greek (transliteration) | Punjabi Rendering | Transliteration | Risk | Status | Doctrine | Chapters | Key Translation Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | God | θεός (theos) | ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ | Parmeshar | Critical | reused | God | 1,4 | Never ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ/ਭਗਵਾਨ. |
| 2 | Father | πατήρ (patēr) | ਪਿਤਾ | Pita | Critical | reused | Adoption | 1 | Personal Father. |
| 3 | Lord | κύριος (kyrios) | ਪ੍ਰਭੂ | Prabhu | Critical | reused | Lordship of Christ | 1,3 | Never ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ. |
| 4 | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) | ਯਿਸੂ | Yisu | Critical | reused | Lordship of Christ | all | Never ਈਸਾ. |
| 5 | Christ/Messiah | Χριστός (Christos) | ਮਸੀਹ | Masih | Critical | reused | Messianic Promise | all | Established transliteration. |
| 6 | Holy Spirit | Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον (Pneuma Hagion) | ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਆਤਮਾ | Pavittar Atma | Critical | reused | Sanctification | 1 | Never ਬ੍ਰਹਮ/ਜੋਤ. |
| 7 | Spirit(s) [non-Holy-Spirit, e.g. 3:19] | πνεῦμα/πνεύματα (pneuma/pneumata) | ਆਤਮਾ / ਆਤਮੇ | atma / atme | Critical | new | Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits | 3 | Must never be visually/contextually confused with ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਆਤਮਾ; plural ਆਤਮੇ = disputed identity, flag for theologian review. |
| 8 | born again / regeneration | ἀναγεννάω (anagennaō) | ਨਵਾਂ ਜਨਮ (ਦੇਣਾ) | navan janam (dena) | Critical | new | Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1 | Mandatory clarifying gloss required (parallel to ਮੁਕਤੀ convention): a single, decisive, Spirit-wrought new life through the risen Christ, NOT a repeated rebirth cycle (ਪੁਨਰ-ਜਨਮ/ਆਵਾਗਵਣ). |
| 9 | resurrection | ἀνάστασις (anastasis) | ਪੁਨਰ-ਉਥਾਨ | punar-uthan | Critical | reused | Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1,3 | Never ਪੁਨਰ-ਜਨਮ/ਆਵਾਗਵਣ. |
| 10 | living hope | ἐλπὶς ζῶσα (elpis zōsa) | ਜੀਉਂਦੀ ਆਸ | jeondi asha | Medium | new | Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1 | Base term ἐλπίς → ਆਸ; anchor to the resurrection at load-bearing occurrences. |
| 11 | salvation | σωτηρία (sōtēria) | ਮੁਕਤੀ | mukti | Critical | reused | Salvation | 1 | Mandatory Sikh/Christian mukti-distinction gloss on every load-bearing occurrence (1:5, 1:9, 1:10, 2:2, 3:21, 4:18). |
| 12 | soul | ψυχή (psychē) | ਜਾਨ | jaan | High | new | Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1,2,4 | Kept distinct from ਆਤਮਾ (reserved for Spirit); Punjabi does not cleanly separate soul/spirit as Greek does. |
| 13 | mercy | ἔλεος (eleos) | ਰਹਮ | rahm | Medium | new | Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1,2 | Divine, comprehensive compassion, not casual human pity. |
| 14 | inheritance | κληρονομία (klēronomia) | ਵਿਰਸਾ | virsa | High | new | Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1,3 | Culturally loaded (land/family inheritance disputes in Punjab); must be framed as pure gift, not entitlement. |
| 15 | imperishable | ἄφθαρτος (aphthartos) | ਅਵਿਨਾਸ਼ੀ | avinashi | High | new | Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1,3 | Gurbani term for God’s own eternal nature; anchor explicitly to “in Christ.” |
| 16 | undefiled | ἀμίαντος (amiantos) | ਨਿਰਮਲ | nirmal | Medium | new | Holiness in Conduct | 1 | Positive Gurbani-overlap purity term, like ਪਵਿੱਤਰ. |
| 17 | unfading | ἀμάραντος (amarantos) | ਨਾ ਮੁਰਝਾਉਣ ਵਾਲਾ | na murjhaun vala | Low | new | Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1,5 | Transparent botanical image. |
| 18 | guarded/kept | φρουρέω (phroureō) | ਰਾਖੀ ਕਰਨਾ | rakhi karna | Low-Medium | new | Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1 | Active, garrison-like guarding, not passive storage. |
| 19 | faith | πίστις (pistis) | ਨਿਹਚਾ | nihcha | High | reused | Faith | 1,3,5 | Personal trust in Christ; never ਸ਼ਰਧਾ/ਸਿਦਕ. |
| 20 | revelation/appearing [of Christ] | ἀποκάλυψις (apokalypsis) | ਪਰਗਟਾਵਾ / ਪਰਗਟ ਹੋਣਾ | pargatava / pargat hona | High | new | Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1,4 | NEVER ਪਰਕਾਸ਼ — that word is the specific Sikh liturgical term for the Guru Granth Sahib’s daily ceremonial installation and Prakash Divas anniversaries. |
| 21 | glory | δόξα (doxa) | ਮਹਿਮਾ | mahima | High | reused | Deity of Christ | 1,4,5 | Never ਜੋਤ. |
| 22 | honor | τιμή (timē) | ਆਦਰ | adar | Medium-High | new | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | 1,2,3 | Prefer over ਇੱਜ਼ਤ, which carries heavy honor/shame cultural freight. |
| 23 | proving/testing [of faith] | δοκίμιον (dokimion) | ਪਰਖ | parakh | Medium | new | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | 1,4 | Refining/purifying process, not punishment. |
| 24 | trial/temptation | πειρασμός (peirasmos) | ਪਰਤਾਵਾ | partava | Medium | new | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | 1 | Established Lord’s-Prayer vocabulary; context-dependent sense. |
| 25 | rejoice greatly/exult | ἀγαλλιάω (agalliaō) | ਅਨੰਦ ਮਨਾਉਣਾ | anand manauna | Medium | new | Living Hope of the Resurrection | 1,4 | ਅਨੰਦ carries positive Sikh devotional resonance (Anand Sahib); anchor to resurrection hope. |
| 26 | apostle | ἀπόστολος (apostolos) | ਰਸੂਲ | rasul | High | reused | Apostleship | 1 | Never ਗੁਰੂ. |
| 27 | elect/chosen | ἐκλεκτός (eklektos) | ਚੁਣੇ ਹੋਏ / ਚੁਣੀ ਹੋਈ | chune hoe / chuni hoi | High | reused | Election | 1,2 | Never ਕਿਸਮਤ (fate). |
| 28 | sojourner/exile | παρεπίδημος / πάροικος (parepidēmos / paroikos) | ਪਰਦੇਸੀ | pardesi | Medium | new | Holiness in Conduct | 1,2 | Positive diaspora-culture bridge term; anchor to heavenly-homeland sense. |
| 29 | foreknowledge | πρόγνωσις (prognōsis) | ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਪ੍ਰਬੰਧ (ਦੀ ਪੂਰਵ-ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ) | Parmeshar da purav-jaankari | High | reused (frame) | Providence | 1 | Personal foreknowledge, never ਕਿਸਮਤ. |
| 30 | sanctification | ἁγιασμός (hagiasmos) | ਪਵਿੱਤਰੀਕਰਨ | pavittarikaran | High | reused | Sanctification | 1 | Spirit’s ongoing work, not ritual purification. |
| 31 | sprinkling [of blood] | ῥαντισμός (rantismos) | ਲਹੂ ਦਾ ਛਿੜਕਾਅ | lahu da chhirkav | High | new | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | 1 | OT covenant image; distinguish from Sikh Amrit Sanskar sprinkling rite. |
| 32 | grace | χάρις (charis) | ਕਿਰਪਾ | kirpa | High | reused | Grace | 1,2 | Source explicitly Christ, not Guru-mediation. |
| 33 | peace | εἰρήνη (eirēnē) | ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ | shanti | Medium | reused | Peace with God | 1,5 | Not ਸਹਿਜ. |
| 34 | prophet | προφήτης (prophētēs) | ਨਬੀ | nabi | Low | reused | Inspiration of Scripture | 1 | Established. |
| 35 | sufferings [of Christ / believers] | πάθημα / πάσχω (pathēma / paschō) | ਦੁੱਖ (ਭੋਗਣਾ) | dukh (bhogna) | Critical | new | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake; Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | 1,2,3,4,5 | Central collision risk: distinguish from Hindu/Sikh dukkha theology of suffering-as-escapable; here suffering is meaningful, Christ-patterned, not karmic. |
| 36 | gospel [verb: preach] | εὐαγγελίζω (euangelizō) | ਖੁਸ਼ਖਬਰੀ ਸੁਣਾਉਣਾ | khushkhabri sunauna | High | reused | Gospel | 1,4 | Reuse ਖੁਸ਼ਖਬਰੀ noun. |
| 37 | holy / sanctify | ἅγιος / ἁγιάζω (hagios / hagiazō) | ਪਵਿੱਤਰ / ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਬਣਾਉਣਾ | pavittar | Medium/High | reused | Holiness in Conduct | 1,3 | Never ਸ਼ੁੱਧ for the adjective. |
| 38 | conduct/manner of life | ἀναστροφή (anastrophē) | ਚਾਲ-ਚਲਣ | chaal-chalan | Medium | new | Holiness in Conduct | 1,2,3 | Recurring keyword; render consistently across the book. |
| 39 | redeem/redemption | λυτρόω (lytroō) | ਛੁਡਾਇਆ ਜਾਣਾ | chhudaya jana | High | new | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | 1 | Distinct from ਛੁਟਕਾਰਾ (rejected for “salvation”) and from ਮੁਕਤੀ; names the ransom price (Christ’s blood), not the resulting standing. |
| 40 | lamb [of God] | ἀμνός (amnos) | ਲੇਲਾ | lela | Medium-High | new | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | 1 | Established Christian usage; needs OT/Passover background note. |
| 41 | unblemished / spotless | ἄμωμος / ἄσπιλος (amōmos / aspilos) | ਨਿਰਦੋਸ਼ / ਬੇਦਾਗ਼ | nirdosh / bedaagh | Medium | new | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | 1 | Christ’s sinlessness. |
| 42 | brotherly love | φιλαδελφία (philadelphia) | ਭਾਈਚਾਰਕ ਪਿਆਰ | bhaicharak pyar | Medium | new | Christian Fellowship | 1 | Positive-fit term; cross-tribal scope must be clear. |
| 43 | love | ἀγάπη (agapē) | ਪਿਆਰ | pyar | Low | new | Christian Fellowship | 1,4 | Prefer over ਪ੍ਰੇਮ (bhakti-devotional resonance). |
| 44 | word of God | λόγος Θεοῦ (logos Theou) | ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਬਚਨ | Parmeshar da bachan | Medium-High | new | Inspiration of Scripture | 1 | Distinguish from Guru-lineage “bachan” usage. |
| 45 | purify | ἁγνίζω (hagnizō) | ਸ਼ੁੱਧ ਕਰਨਾ | shudh karna | Medium | new | Holiness in Conduct | 1 | Anchor to “obedience to the truth,” not ritual ablution. |
| 46 | living stone | λίθος ζῶν (lithos zōn) | ਜੀਉਂਦਾ ਪੱਥਰ | jeonda patthar | Medium | new | Church as Holy and Royal Priesthood | 2 | Echoes “living hope”/“living word” motif. |
| 47 | (holy/royal) priesthood | ἱεράτευμα / βασίλειον (hierateuma / basileion) | ਜਾਜਕਾਈ / ਸ਼ਾਹੀ ਜਾਜਕਾਈ | jajkai / shahi jajkai | High | new | Church as Holy and Royal Priesthood | 2 | Never ਪੁਰੋਹਿਤ; genuine bridge to Sikh anti-Brahmanical-priesthood teaching, but “royal” must not read as political sovereignty. |
| 48 | spiritual sacrifice | θυσία πνευματική (thysia pneumatikē) | ਆਤਮਿਕ ਬਲੀਦਾਨ | atmik balidan | Medium-High | new | Church as Holy and Royal Priesthood | 2 | ਬਲੀਦਾਨ evokes both Hindu yajna and Sikh martyrdom; frame as praise/good works via Christ. |
| 49 | chosen race/generation | γένος ἐκλεκτόν (genos eklekton) | ਚੁਣੀ ਹੋਈ ਪੀੜ੍ਹੀ | chuni hoi peerhi | High | new | Unity/Universal Scope of the Gospel | 2 | Avoid ਨਸਲ (caste/ethnic overtone). |
| 50 | holy nation | ἔθνος ἅγιον (ethnos hagion) | ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਕੌਮ | pavittar qaum | High | new | Church as Holy and Royal Priesthood | 2 | ਕੌਮ = Sikh Qaum peoplehood term; strong contextual framing required to avoid political/ethnic-nation misreading. |
| 51 | people of God | λαὸς Θεοῦ (laos Theou) | ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦੀ ਪਰਜਾ | Parmeshar di praja | Medium | new | Church as God’s People | 2 | Safer than ਕੌਮ-based alternatives. |
| 52 | submit/be subject to | ὑποτάσσω (hypotassō) | ਅਧੀਨ ਹੋਣਾ | adhin hona | High | new | Submission to Authority and Christlike Endurance | 2,3,5 | Voluntary, Christ-modeled; never coerced servility or unqualified obedience. |
| 53 | king/governor | βασιλεύς / ἡγεμών (basileus / hēgemōn) | ਰਾਜਾ / ਹਾਕਮ | raja / hakam | Low-Medium | new | Submission to Authority | 2 | ਹਾਕਮ visually close to but distinct from ਹੁਕਮ (Sikh Divine Order doctrine). |
| 54 | servant/slave [of God] | δοῦλος (doulos) | ਦਾਸ | das | Medium | new | Submission to Authority | 2 | Positive Sikh-name-usage overlap; anchor to servanthood of God/Christ directly. |
| 55 | freedom | ἐλευθερία (eleutheria) | ਅਜ਼ਾਦੀ | azadi | Medium | new | Submission to Authority | 2 | Politically loaded term in Punjab; frame as freedom from sin, not political liberty. |
| 56 | household servant/master | οἰκέτης / δεσπότης (oiketēs / despotēs) | ਨੌਕਰ / ਮਾਲਕ | naukar / malik | Low-Medium | new | Submission to Authority | 2 | Domestic register; ਮਾਲਕ here ≠ Kyrios/ਪ੍ਰਭੂ. |
| 57 | endure | ὑπομένω (hypomenō) | ਧੀਰਜ ਨਾਲ ਸਹਿਣਾ | dheeraj naal sehna | High | new | Submission to Authority and Christlike Endurance | 2 | Active, hope-filled endurance, not fatalism. |
| 58 | tree [cross] | ξύλον (xylon) | ਰੁੱਖ | rukkh | Medium | new | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | 2 | Preserves Deut 21:23 OT allusion; distinct from ਸਲੀਬ. |
| 59 | bore [our sins] | ἀναφέρω (anapherō) | ਆਪਣੇ ਉੱਤੇ ਚੁੱਕਣਾ | apne utte chukna | Critical | new | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | 2 | Strictly substitutionary, one-directional; no parallel in individual-karma frameworks. |
| 60 | wound / heal | μώλωψ / ἰάομαι (mōlōps / iaomai) | ਜ਼ਖ਼ਮ / ਚੰਗਾ ਕਰਨਾ | zakham / changa karna | Medium | new | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | 2 | Primarily spiritual/moral healing (Isaiah 53), not a general physical-healing promise. |
| 61 | shepherd/overseer [of souls] | ποιμήν / ἐπίσκοπος (poimēn / episkopos) | ਆਜੜੀ / ਨਿਗਾਹਬਾਨ | ajhri / nigahban | Medium | new | Elders and Humility | 2,5 | Natural agrarian-Punjab fit. |
| 62 | gentle and quiet spirit | πραΰς καὶ ἡσύχιος (praus kai hēsychios) | ਨਰਮ ਅਤੇ ਸ਼ਾਂਤ ਆਤਮਾ | naram te shant atma | Medium | new | Holiness in Conduct | 3 | Anchor to hope in God (3:5), not generic self-cultivation. |
| 63 | fellow-heir | συγκληρονόμος (synklēronomos) | ਵਿਰਸੇ ਦੇ ਸਾਂਝੀ | virse de saanjhi | High | new | Adoption/Inheritance | 3 | Reuse κληρονομία caution; marital equality significance. |
| 64 | blessed | μακάριος (makarios) | ਧੰਨ | dhan | Low | new | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | 3 | Beatitudes-parallel usage. |
| 65 | defense/account [of hope] | ἀπολογία (apologia) | ਜਵਾਬ / ਸਫ਼ਾਈ | javab / safai | Low-Medium | new | Evangelism | 3 | Reasoned, respectful account, not confrontation. |
| 66 | once [for all] | ἅπαξ (hapax) | ਇੱਕੋ ਵਾਰ | ikko vaar | High | new | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | 3 | Reinforces non-cyclical, decisive atonement, paired with ਪੁਨਰ-ਉਥਾਨ logic. |
| 67 | the righteous / the unrighteous | δίκαιος / ἄδικος (dikaios / adikos) | ਧਰਮੀ / ਬੇਇਨਸਾਫ਼ | dharmi / be-insaaf | Critical | new | Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering | 3 | ਧਰਮੀ reused from ਧਰਮੀ ਠਹਿਰਾਇਆ ਜਾਣਾ family; ἄδικος deliberately avoids ਧਰਮ-root (never ਅਧਰਮੀ). |
| 68 | proclaim [to spirits in prison] | κηρύσσω (kēryssō) | ਐਲਾਨ ਕਰਨਾ | elaan karna | Critical | new | Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits | 3 | Neutral verb, distinct from gospel-specific ਖੁਸ਼ਖਬਰੀ ਸੁਣਾਉਣਾ; do not resolve interpretive ambiguity via word choice. |
| 69 | prison | φυλακή (phylakē) | ਕੈਦ | qaid | Medium | new | Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits | 3 | Low collision risk on its own; sensitive mainly in combination with “spirits.” |
| 70 | patience [of God] | μακροθυμία (makrothymia) | ਸਬਰ | sabar | Low-Medium | new | Providence | 3 | Standard vocabulary. |
| 71 | ark / brought safely through | κιβωτός / διασώζω (kibōtos / diasōzō) | ਕਿਸ਼ਤੀ / ਬਚਾ ਲਿਆ ਗਿਆ | kishti / bacha lia gaya | Low-Medium | new | Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits | 3 | Narrower physical-rescue sense; do not substitute ਮੁਕਤੀ here. |
| 72 | baptism / antitype | βάπτισμα / ἀντίτυπος (baptisma / antitypos) | ਬਪਤਿਸਮਾ / ਪ੍ਰਤੀਰੂਪ | baptisma / pratirup | High | new | Church as Holy and Royal Priesthood | 3 | Not ritual dirt-removal; comparison to Amrit Sanskar needs careful, non-collapsing framing. |
| 73 | authorities and powers | ἐξουσίαι καὶ δυνάμεις (exousiai kai dynameis) | ਅਧਿਕਾਰ ਅਤੇ ਸਮਰੱਥਾਵਾਂ | adhikar te samrathavan | Medium | new | Deity of Christ | 3 | Never ਸ਼ਕਤੀ (Shakti/goddess-power collision). |
| 74 | sensuality/idolatry [vice list] | ἀσέλγεια, εἰδωλολατρία, etc. | ਬਦਚਲਣੀ, ਮੂਰਤੀ-ਪੂਜਾ, ਆਦਿ | badchalni, murti-puja | High | new | Holiness in Conduct | 4 | ਮੂਰਤੀ-ਪੂਜਾ needs historical (1st-c. Gentile) framing, not present-day interfaith polemic. |
| 75 | love covers sin(s) | ἀγάπη καλύπτει … ἁμαρτίας | ਪਿਆਰ … ਢੱਕ ਲੈਂਦਾ ਹੈ | pyar dhak lainda hai | Low-Medium | new | Mutual Edification | 4 | Relational covering, not atonement (which remains exclusively Christ’s). |
| 76 | hospitable | φιλόξενος (philoxenos) | ਪਰਾਹੁਣਚਾਰੀ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲਾ | parahunchari karan vala | Low | new | Christian Fellowship | 4 | Positive-fit Punjabi cultural value. |
| 77 | spiritual gift / steward | χάρισμα / οἰκονόμος (charisma / oikonomos) | ਆਤਮਿਕ ਦਾਤ / ਭੰਡਾਰੀ | atmik daat / bhandari | Medium | reused (frame) | Spiritual Gifts | 4 | Reuse ਆਤਮਿਕ ਦਾਤਾਂ family. |
| 78 | fiery trial | πύρωσις (pyrōsis) | ਅੱਗ ਦੀ ਪਰਖ | agg di parakh | Medium | new | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | 4 | Echoes 1:7’s refining-gold image; render consistently. |
| 79 | share/partake [in sufferings] | κοινωνέω (koinōneō) | ਦੁੱਖਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਾਂਝ ਪਾਉਣਾ | dukhaan vich saanjh pauna | High | new | Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake | 4 | Countercultural rejoicing-in-suffering claim; do not soften. |
| 80 | Christian | Χριστιανός (Christianos) | ਮਸੀਹੀ | masihi | Low | new | Christian Identity in Christ | 4 | Established, unambiguous self-identifier. |
| 81 | house of God / judgment | οἶκος τοῦ Θεοῦ / κρίμα | ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਘਰ / ਨਿਆਂ | Parmeshar da ghar / niaan | Medium | new | Church as God’s People | 4 | ਨਿਆਂ safe here (only forbidden as substitute for “righteousness”). |
| 82 | ungodly / sinner | ἀσεβής / ἁμαρτωλός | ਬੇਦੀਨ / ਪਾਪੀ | bedin / papi | Medium | new | Universal Human Accountability | 4 | ਬੇਦੀਨ avoids ਧਰਮ-root. |
| 83 | Creator | κτίστης (ktistēs) | ਸਿਰਜਣਹਾਰ | sirjanhar | Low | new | Providence | 4 | Positive cross-tradition overlap; anchor to “faithful” (personal, trustworthy). |
| 84 | elder | πρεσβύτερος (presbyteros) | ਬਜ਼ੁਰਗ | buzurg | High | new | Elders and Humility | 5 | Distinguish pastoral office from mere seniority/Sant/Granthi roles. |
| 85 | shepherd/flock/chief shepherd | ποιμαίνω / ποίμνιον / ἀρχιποίμην | ਆਜੜੀ ਬਣ ਕੇ ਸੇਵਾ ਕਰਨਾ / ਇੱਜੜ / ਪ੍ਰਧਾਨ ਆਜੜੀ | ajhri ban ke seva karna / ijhar / pradhan ajhri | Medium | new | Elders and Humility | 5 | ਸੇਵਾ must stay accountable to Christ as Chief Shepherd, not generic virtue. |
| 86 | lord it over/dominate | κατακυριεύω (katakyrieuō) | ਦਬਾ ਕੇ ਹਕੂਮਤ ਕਰਨਾ | daba ke hukumat karna | High | new | Elders and Humility | 5 | Explicit warning against coercive religious authority; relevant to Sant-led dera dynamics. |
| 87 | humility | ταπεινοφροσύνη (tapeinophrosynē) | ਨਿਮਰਤਾ | nimarta | Medium | new | Elders and Humility | 5 | Positive overlap with Sikh nimrata ideal; ground explicitly in grace/Christ. |
| 88 | proud / humble | ὑπερήφανος / ταπεινός | ਹੰਕਾਰੀ / ਨਿਮਰ | hankari / nimar | Low | new | Elders and Humility | 5 | Proverbs 3:34 quotation. |
| 89 | anxiety/care | μέριμνα (merimna) | ਚਿੰਤਾ / ਫ਼ਿਕਰ | chinta / fikar | Low | new | Prayer and Intercession | 5 | Warm pastoral register. |
| 90 | adversary/devil | ἀντίδικος / διάβολος | ਵਿਰੋਧੀ / ਸ਼ੈਤਾਨ | virodhi / shaitan | Low-Medium | new | Assurance of Salvation | 5 | Broadly shared Punjabi religious vocabulary. |
| 91 | establish/strengthen [cluster] | καταρτίζω, στηρίζω, σθενόω, θεμελιόω | ਪੂਰਾ/ਸਥਿਰ/ਬਲ/ਨੀਂਹ ਪੱਕੀ ਕਰਨਾ | — | Low-Medium | new | Assurance of Salvation | 5 | Warm, confident closing pastoral assurance. |
| 92 | dominion/might | κράτος (kratos) | ਅਧਿਕਾਰ ਅਤੇ ਸਮਰੱਥਾ | adhikar te samratha | Medium | new | Power of God | 5 | Never ਸ਼ਕਤੀ. |
| 93 | Babylon [=Rome] | Βαβυλών (Babylōn) | ਬਾਬਲ | Babal | Low | new | — | 5 | Established Punjabi Bible form; needs historical-code note. |
| 94 | kiss of love | φίλημα ἀγάπης (philēma agapēs) | ਪਿਆਰ ਦਾ ਚੁੰਮਣ | pyar da chumman | Low-Medium | new | Christian Fellowship | 5 | May need cultural-equivalence note for Punjabi greeting custom. |
| 95 | sin | ἁμαρτία (hamartia) | ਪਾਪ | pap | High | reused | Universal Human Accountability | 2,4 | Distinct from ritual impurity/karma. |
| 96 | righteousness | δικαιοσύνη (dikaiosynē) | ਧਾਰਮਿਕਤਾ | dharmikta | Critical | reused | Salvation | 2,3 | Never ਧਰਮ. |
| 97 | gentiles/nations | ἔθνος/ἔθνη (ethnos/ethnē) | ਪਰਾਈਆਂ ਕੌਮਾਂ | paraiyan kaumaan | Medium | reused | Unity of Jews and Gentiles | 2,4 | Generic “nations,” not a qaum-identity reference. |
Notes for Phase 2 Enforcement
- All 97 entries above must be merged into
translation_memory.jsonprior to any Phase 2 segment translation for 1 Peter, with version incremented and each new entry flagged for theologian review if tagged Critical or High (67 of the 97 entries carry Critical or High risk — a notably higher concentration than the Romans baseline, driven chiefly by 1 Peter’s sustained suffering theology and its unique priesthood/elder/spirits-in-prison vocabulary). - The mandatory clarifying-gloss convention established for ਮੁਕਤੀ in the baseline is extended in this curriculum to ਨਵਾਂ ਜਨਮ (born again/regeneration) and to ਦੁੱਖ/ਦੁੱਖ ਭੋਗਣਾ (suffering) wherever tied to redemptive/doctrinal meaning — both require a standing distinguishing note before Phase 2 approval.
- Thematic “living” motif (ζῶν): ਜੀਉਂਦੀ ਆਸ (1:3), ਜੀਉਂਦਾ ਪੱਥਰ (2:4), ਜੀਉਂਦਾ ਬਚਨ (1:23) — render with the same root (ਜੀਉਂਦਾ/ਜੀਵਤ) throughout for reader-perceptible cohesion.
- Forbidden-substitution list from the baseline (ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ, ਗੁਰੂ, ਸੰਤ, ਧਰਮ, ਪੁਨਰ-ਜਨਮ, ਆਵਾਗਵਣ, ਅਵਤਾਰ, ਸ਼ਕਤੀ, ਈਸਾ, ਬ੍ਰਹਮ) applies unchanged to this curriculum. This glossary adds three further forbidden substitutions specific to 1 Peter: ਪਰਕਾਸ਼ (never for ἀποκάλυψις/revelation — reserved for Sikh scripture-installation liturgy), ਪੁਰੋਹਿਤ (never for priesthood — Hindu Brahmanical caste-priest term), and ਦਰਸ਼ਣ (never for “day of visitation” — reserved for devotional beholding of the divine/Guru).
Critical Risk Terms
Righteousness
Approved rendering: ਧਾਰਮਿਕਤਾ
Transliteration: dharmikta
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ਧਰਮ, ਨਿਆਂ
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. NEVER ਧਰਮ. Foundational to ‘suffering for righteousness’ sake’ (1 Peter 2:24, 3:14) and to the ਧਰਮੀ/ਬੇਇਨਸਾਫ਼ pairing at 3:18, 4:18.
Salvation
Approved rendering: ਮੁਕਤੀ
Transliteration: mukti
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ਨਿਰਵਾਣ, ਮੋਖ, ਛੁਟਕਾਰਾ
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Mandatory Sikh/Christian mukti-distinction gloss required at every doctrinally load-bearing occurrence in 1 Peter (1:5, 1:9, 1:10, 2:2, 3:21, 4:18), using the same standing gloss wording as the baseline.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: ਪੁਨਰ-ਉਥਾਨ
Transliteration: punar-uthan
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ਪੁਨਰ-ਜਨਮ, ਆਵਾਗਵਣ
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Ground of the living hope and new birth in 1 Peter 1:3, 1:21, 3:21. Keep lexically distinct from the new term ਨਵਾਂ ਜਨਮ even though both are Critical and mutually reinforcing.
Lord
Approved rendering: ਪ੍ਰਭੂ
Transliteration: prabhu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ਮਾਲਕ, ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Used throughout 1 Peter of Jesus Christ; keep distinct register from the purely domestic ਮਾਲਕ (household master) at 2:18.
Messiah
Approved rendering: ਮਸੀਹ
Transliteration: Masih
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Foundation of the built-on term ਮਸੀਹੀ (Christian, 1 Peter 4:16).
Jesus
Approved rendering: ਯਿਸੂ
Transliteration: Yisu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ਈਸਾ
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged.
God
Approved rendering: ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ
Transliteration: Parmeshar
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ, ਭਗਵਾਨ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਆਤਮਾ
Transliteration: Pavittar Atma
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ਬ੍ਰਹਮ, ਜੋਤ
Original: Πνεῦμα Ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Must remain visually and contextually distinct from the plural, lower-case ਆਤਮੇ (‘spirits,’ 1 Peter 3:19) — never confused in any segment.
Father
Approved rendering: ਪਿਤਾ
Transliteration: Pita
Doctrine: Living Hope of the Resurrection
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. 1 Peter 1:3: ‘the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ,’ source of the new birth.
Spirits In Prison
Approved rendering: ਆਤਮੇ (ਕੈਦ ਵਿੱਚ)
Transliteration: atme (qaid vich)
Doctrine: Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits
Rejected alternatives: ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਆਤਮਾ (never)
Original: πνεύματα
Category: Christology
1 Peter 3:19. Likely disobedient spiritual beings, not the Holy Spirit. Never confused visually or contextually with ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਆਤਮਾ. Identity and timing genuinely disputed even among English-language theologians; route every occurrence to theologian review.
New Birth
Approved rendering: ਨਵਾਂ ਜਨਮ
Transliteration: navan janam
Doctrine: Regeneration / New Birth
Rejected alternatives: ਪੁਨਰ-ਜਨਮ, ਆਵਾਗਵਣ
Original: ἀναγεννάω
Category: Salvation
1 Peter 1:3, 1:23. Avoids the forbidden ਪੁਨਰ- root, but ‘birth again’ language sits close to popular Hindu/Sikh rebirth vocabulary. MANDATORY clarifying gloss required at every load-bearing occurrence, parallel to the ਮੁਕਤੀ convention: a single, decisive, Spirit-wrought new life through the risen Christ, not a repeated rebirth cycle.
Sufferings
Approved rendering: ਦੁੱਖ / ਦੁੱਖ ਭੋਗਣਾ
Transliteration: dukh / dukh bhogna
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Original: πάθημα / πάσχω
Category: Suffering
The letter’s controlling theme (1:11, 2:19-23, 3:14, 3:17-18, 4:1, 4:12-19, 5:1, 5:9-10). ਦੁੱਖ is also the central category of Hindu/Sikh/Buddhist religious anthropology (dukkha, escaped through detachment). 1 Peter’s suffering is meaningful, Christ-patterned, and refining, never karmic consequence. Every load-bearing occurrence requires explicit framing against a karmic/renunciate reading; route to theologian review.
Bore Our Sins
Approved rendering: ਆਪਣੇ ਉੱਤੇ ਚੁੱਕਣਾ
Transliteration: apne utte chukna
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Original: ἀναφέρω
Category: Christology
1 Peter 2:24. Strictly substitutionary, one-directional bearing of sin, with no parallel in Sikh or Hindu individual-karma frameworks. Must never read as reciprocal or shared suffering.
Righteous Unrighteous
Approved rendering: ਧਰਮੀ / ਬੇਇਨਸਾਫ਼
Transliteration: dharmi / be-insaaf
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Rejected alternatives: ਅਧਰਮੀ (never)
Original: δίκαιος ὑπὲρ ἀδίκων
Category: Christology
1 Peter 3:18. ਧਰਮੀ reuses the ਧਰਮੀ ਠਹਿਰਾਇਆ ਜਾਣਾ family. ਬੇਇਨਸਾਫ਼ deliberately avoids the forbidden ਧਰਮ root — never ਅਧਰਮੀ. Conveys a strictly vicarious, one-directional exchange.
Proclaim To Spirits
Approved rendering: ਐਲਾਨ ਕਰਨਾ
Transliteration: elaan karna
Doctrine: Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits
Rejected alternatives: ਖੁਸ਼ਖਬਰੀ ਸੁਣਾਉਣਾ (never here)
Original: κηρύσσω
Category: Christology
1 Peter 3:19. Neutral herald-verb, deliberately distinct from the gospel-specific ਖੁਸ਼ਖਬਰੀ ਸੁਣਾਉਣਾ, to avoid over-specifying the disputed content of the proclamation. Route every occurrence to theologian review.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: ਖੁਸ਼ਖਬਰੀ
Transliteration: khushkhabri
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ੁਭ ਸਮਾਚਾਰ
Original: εὐαγγελίζω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. In 1 Peter the verb form ਖੁਸ਼ਖਬਰੀ ਸੁਣਾਉਣਾ (euangelizō) reuses this noun at 1:12, 1:25, 4:6.
Grace
Approved rendering: ਕਿਰਪਾ
Transliteration: kirpa
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: ਮੇਹਰ, ਕਰਮ ਦਾ ਫਲ
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Used at 1 Peter 1:2, 1:10, 1:13, 3:7, 4:10, 5:5, 5:10, 5:12; source of grace must remain explicitly Christ, not Guru-mediation or Naam-simran.
Faith
Approved rendering: ਨਿਹਚਾ
Transliteration: nihcha
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ਰਧਾ, ਸਿਦਕ
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Personal trust in the unseen but living Christ (1 Peter 1:5, 1:7-9, 1:21).
Apostle
Approved rendering: ਰਸੂਲ
Transliteration: rasul
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: ਗੁਰੂ, ਦੂਤ
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Peter’s self-identified office at 1 Peter 1:1. Never ਗੁਰੂ.
Called
Approved rendering: ਸੱਦਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ
Transliteration: saddiya hoya
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: ਬੁਲਾਇਆ ਹੋਇਆ
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. In 1 Peter used of the call to endure suffering (2:21), to bless rather than revile (3:9), and to eternal glory (5:10).
Calling
Approved rendering: ਸੱਦਾ
Transliteration: sadda
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: ਪਵਿੱਤਰੀਕਰਨ
Transliteration: pavittarikaran
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ੁੱਧੀਕਰਨ
Original: ἁγιασμός
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. 1 Peter 1:2: ‘sanctification of the Spirit,’ the means of the elect’s setting-apart.
Sin
Approved rendering: ਪਾਪ
Transliteration: pap
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: ਅਧਰਮ
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Used at 1 Peter 2:22, 2:24, 4:1, 4:8.
Glory
Approved rendering: ਮਹਿਮਾ
Transliteration: mahima
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ਜੋਤ
Original: δόξα
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Used at 1 Peter 1:7-8, 1:11, 1:21, 4:11, 4:13-14, 5:1, 5:4, 5:10-11. Never ਜੋਤ.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦੀ ਸਮਰੱਥਾ
Transliteration: Parmeshar di samratha
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ਕਤੀ
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Frame reused for the ਸਮਰੱਥਾ convention governing ‘authorities and powers’ (3:22) and ‘dominion’ (4:11, 5:11) in 1 Peter. Never ਸ਼ਕਤੀ (Hindu goddess-power/Shakti association).
Covenant
Approved rendering: ਨੇਮ
Transliteration: nem
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: ਸਮਝੌਤਾ
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Background term for the Sinai covenant-ratifying rite echoed in ‘sprinkling of blood’ (1 Peter 1:2) and for the ‘Baptism and New Covenant Initiation’ doctrine.
Election
Approved rendering: ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦੀ ਚੋਣ
Transliteration: Parmeshar di chon
Doctrine: Election and Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: ਕਿਸਮਤ
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Frame reused for the adjectival ਚੁਣੇ ਹੋਏ/ਚੁਣੀ ਹੋਈ at 1 Peter 1:1-2, 2:9. Never ਕਿਸਮਤ.
Providence
Approved rendering: ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਪ੍ਰਬੰਧ
Transliteration: Parmeshar da prabandh
Doctrine: Providence
Rejected alternatives: ਕਿਸਮਤ, ਹੁਕਮ
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Frame reused for foreknowledge (1:2), the patience of God (3:20), and the faithful Creator (4:19) in 1 Peter. Never ਕਿਸਮਤ; never substitute ਹੁਕਮ as the translation itself.
Soul
Approved rendering: ਜਾਨ
Transliteration: jaan
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection
Rejected alternatives: ਆਤਮਾ (reserved for Spirit)
Original: ψυχή
Category: Salvation
1 Peter 1:9, 1:22, 2:11, 2:25, 4:19. ψυχή rendered ਜਾਨ, distinct from ਆਤਮਾ, which is reserved for Spirit contexts; Punjabi does not cleanly separate soul/spirit as Greek does.
Inheritance
Approved rendering: ਵਿਰਸਾ
Transliteration: virsa
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection
Original: κληρονομία
Category: Salvation
1 Peter 1:4. Culturally loaded (Punjab land-inheritance disputes); must be framed as a sheer gift secured by God’s own keeping, not human legal entitlement or family politics.
Imperishable
Approved rendering: ਅਵਿਨਾਸ਼ੀ
Transliteration: avinashi
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection
Original: ἄφθαρτος
Category: Salvation
1 Peter 1:4, 1:23. Gurbani term for God’s own eternal nature; anchor explicitly to ‘in Christ’ at every load-bearing occurrence.
Revelation Appearing
Approved rendering: ਪਰਗਟਾਵਾ / ਪਰਗਟ ਹੋਣਾ
Transliteration: pargatava / pargat hona
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection
Rejected alternatives: ਪਰਕਾਸ਼ (never)
Original: ἀποκάλυψις
Category: Eschatology
1 Peter 1:5, 1:7, 1:13, 4:13. NEVER ਪਰਕਾਸ਼ — the specific Sikh liturgical term for the daily ceremonial installation of the Guru Granth Sahib and Prakash Divas anniversaries.
Honor
Approved rendering: ਆਦਰ
Transliteration: adar
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Rejected alternatives: ਇੱਜ਼ਤ
Original: τιμή
Category: Suffering
1 Peter 1:7. Prefer ਆਦਰ over ਇੱਜ਼ਤ, which carries heavy honor/shame cultural freight in Punjab, including family-honor violence associations; also relevant to 4:14-16’s reframing of ‘Christian’ as no shame.
Elect Chosen
Approved rendering: ਚੁਣੇ ਹੋਏ / ਚੁਣੀ ਹੋਈ
Transliteration: chune hoe / chuni hoi
Doctrine: Election and Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: ਕਿਸਮਤ
Original: ἐκλεκτός
Category: Salvation
1 Peter 1:1-2, 2:9. Adjectival form of the baseline election frame; never ਕਿਸਮਤ (impersonal fate).
Foreknowledge
Approved rendering: ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦੀ ਪੂਰਵ-ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ
Transliteration: Parmeshar di purav-jaankari
Doctrine: Providence
Rejected alternatives: ਕਿਸਮਤ
Original: πρόγνωσις
Category: God
1 Peter 1:2. God the Father’s prior, personal knowledge and choice; never impersonal ਕਿਸਮਤ.
Sprinkling Of Blood
Approved rendering: ਲਹੂ ਦਾ ਛਿੜਕਾਅ
Transliteration: lahu da chhirkav
Doctrine: Redemption
Original: ῥαντισμός
Category: Covenant
1 Peter 1:2. OT covenant-ratifying image (Exodus 24:8). Distinguish explicitly from the Sikh Amrit Sanskar (Khande di Pahul) sprinkling rite via a comparative bridge note, not silent conflation: once-for-all atonement vs. repeatable initiation.
Sanctify
Approved rendering: ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਬਣਾਉਣਾ
Transliteration: pavittar banauna
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ੁੱਧ ਕਰਨਾ (for this verb sense)
Original: ἁγιάζω
Category: Sanctification
1 Peter 1:15-16. Verb form of ਪਵਿੱਤਰ. Never rendered ਸ਼ੁੱਧ ਕਰਨਾ when the sense is ‘set apart’ rather than ‘purified from a specific defilement.‘
Redeem Redemption
Approved rendering: ਛੁਡਾਇਆ ਜਾਣਾ
Transliteration: chhudaya jana
Doctrine: Redemption
Rejected alternatives: ਛੁਟਕਾਰਾ
Original: λυτρόω
Category: Salvation
1 Peter 1:18-19. Distinct Punjabi word form from ਛੁਟਕਾਰਾ (explicitly rejected in the baseline as a ‘salvation’ alternative) and from ਮੁਕਤੀ itself, to keep the ransom-price act lexically distinct from the resulting reconciled standing.
Lamb Of God
Approved rendering: ਲੇਲਾ
Transliteration: lela
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Original: ἀμνός
Category: Christology
1 Peter 1:19. Established Christian usage; sacrificial-lamb imagery has no ready Sikh equivalent (animal sacrifice explicitly rejected); requires a mandatory OT/Passover explanatory bridge note.
Word Of God
Approved rendering: ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਬਚਨ
Transliteration: Parmeshar da bachan
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture and the Living Word of God
Original: λόγος Θεοῦ ζῶντος καὶ μένοντος
Category: Covenant
1 Peter 1:23-25. ਬਚਨ is established Christian vocabulary but also used in Sikh devotional speech for the Guru’s utterance/Gurbani; context must make clear this is God’s own living word, inseparable from the gospel of the risen Christ.
Priesthood
Approved rendering: ਜਾਜਕਾਈ / ਸ਼ਾਹੀ ਜਾਜਕਾਈ
Transliteration: jajkai / shahi jajkai
Doctrine: The Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Rejected alternatives: ਪੁਰੋਹਿਤ
Original: ἱεράτευμα / βασίλειον
Category: Church
1 Peter 2:5, 2:9. NEVER ਪੁਰੋਹਿਤ (Hindu Brahmanical caste-priest term). Sikhism’s own rejection of a mediating priestly caste is a genuine positive point of contact, but the doctrine is a positive Christ-mediated claim (every believer IS a priest), not merely an anti-caste critique. ਸ਼ਾਹੀ must not be heard as political sovereignty.
Spiritual Sacrifice
Approved rendering: ਆਤਮਿਕ ਬਲੀਦਾਨ
Transliteration: atmik balidan
Doctrine: The Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Original: θυσία πνευματική
Category: Church
1 Peter 2:5. ਬਲੀਦਾਨ evokes both Hindu yajna ritual sacrifice and Sikh martyrdom/shaheedi tradition; must be framed as praise and good works offered through Christ’s mediation, never literal ritual offering nor a call to martyrdom.
Chosen Race
Approved rendering: ਚੁਣੀ ਹੋਈ ਪੀੜ੍ਹੀ
Transliteration: chuni hoi peerhi
Doctrine: Unity and Identity of God’s People
Rejected alternatives: ਨਸਲ
Original: γένος ἐκλεκτόν
Category: Church
1 Peter 2:9. Avoid ਨਸਲ (race/lineage), which risks importing caste or ethnic-lineage overtones in Punjabi social context.
Holy Nation
Approved rendering: ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਕੌਮ
Transliteration: pavittar qaum
Doctrine: The Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Original: ἔθνος ἅγιον
Category: Church
1 Peter 2:9. ਕੌਮ is the specific term for Sikh peoplehood (the Sikh Qaum), central to Sikh political theology. Requires strong contextual framing: a spiritual, transnational people, not a rival ethnic-political nation.
Submit Be Subject
Approved rendering: ਅਧੀਨ ਹੋਣਾ
Transliteration: adhin hona
Doctrine: Submission to Authority and Christlike Endurance
Original: ὑποτάσσω
Category: Ethics
1 Peter 2:13, 2:18, 3:1, 5:5. Voluntary, Christ-modeled submission; never coerced servility or unqualified obedience. The text’s own qualifiers (‘for the Lord’s sake,’ ‘if it is God’s will’) must travel with every occurrence.
Endure
Approved rendering: ਧੀਰਜ ਨਾਲ ਸਹਿਣਾ
Transliteration: dheeraj naal sehna
Doctrine: Submission to Authority and Christlike Endurance
Original: ὑπομένω
Category: Suffering
1 Peter 2:19-20. Active, hope-filled endurance modeled directly on Christ (2:21-23); must not be read as stoic detachment or fatalistic resignation.
Fellow Heir
Approved rendering: ਵਿਰਸੇ ਦੇ ਸਾਂਝੀ
Transliteration: virse de saanjhi
Doctrine: Household and Marital Relationships
Original: συγκληρονόμος χάριτος ζωῆς
Category: Salvation
1 Peter 3:7. Husband and wife as co-heirs of the grace of life; asserts marital equality against strongly patriarchal Punjabi inheritance customs. Reuses the ਵਿਰਸਾ (inheritance) caution.
Once For All
Approved rendering: ਇੱਕੋ ਵਾਰ
Transliteration: ikko vaar
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Original: ἅπαξ
Category: Christology
1 Peter 3:18. Reinforces the non-repeatable, decisive pattern already established for ਪੁਨਰ-ਉਥਾਨ; guards against any cyclical reading of Christ’s suffering or of salvation generally.
Baptism Antitype
Approved rendering: ਬਪਤਿਸਮਾ / ਪ੍ਰਤੀਰੂਪ
Transliteration: baptisma / pratirup
Doctrine: Baptism and New Covenant Initiation
Original: βάπτισμα / ἀντίτυπος
Category: Church
1 Peter 3:21. The text’s own qualification (‘not the removal of dirt… but an appeal to God for a good conscience’) must be preserved intact. Structural resemblance to Sikh Amrit Sanskar is worth teaching comparatively, never collapsed into it.
Vice List
Approved rendering: ਬਦਚਲਣੀ, ਸ਼ਰਾਬਖੋਰੀ, ਰੰਗਰਲੀਆਂ, ਮੂਰਤੀ-ਪੂਜਾ
Transliteration: badchalni, sharabkhori, rangraliyan, murti-puja
Doctrine: Holiness Versus Former Pagan Conduct
Original: ἀσέλγεια, οἰνοφλυγία, κῶμος, εἰδωλολατρία
Category: Sin
1 Peter 4:3-4. ਮੂਰਤੀ-ਪੂਜਾ requires particular care: Sikhism itself rejects idol worship (positive resonance), but for Punjab’s Hindu-minority population this names a living devotional practice. Must be framed as historical description of first-century Gentile life, never present-day interfaith polemic.
Share Partake Sufferings
Approved rendering: ਦੁੱਖਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਾਂਝ ਪਾਉਣਾ
Transliteration: dukhaan vich saanjh pauna
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Original: κοινωνέω τοῖς παθήμασιν
Category: Suffering
1 Peter 4:13. Rejoicing in sharing Christ’s sufferings is a countercultural claim that must not be softened, set against any framework where suffering is simply to be escaped or transcended.
Elder
Approved rendering: ਬਜ਼ੁਰਗ
Transliteration: buzurg
Doctrine: Elders and Humility
Original: πρεσβύτερος
Category: Church
1 Peter 5:1-4. ਬਜ਼ੁਰਗ in everyday Punjabi usage means simply ‘an elderly, respected person,’ not automatically a formal pastoral office. Every load-bearing occurrence needs contextual clarification (e.g., ‘ਮੰਡਲੀ ਦੇ ਬਜ਼ੁਰਗ’) distinguishing the office from mere seniority and from a Sant or Granthi role.
Lord It Over Dominate
Approved rendering: ਦਬਾ ਕੇ ਹਕੂਮਤ ਕਰਨਾ
Transliteration: daba ke hukumat karna
Doctrine: Elders and Humility
Original: κατακυριεύω
Category: Church
1 Peter 5:3. The explicit negative model elders must avoid; directly relevant given real institutional authority some Sant-led deras exercise in contemporary Punjab. Contrast biblical eldership with coercive religious-authority patterns without naming any specific group.
Medium Risk Terms
Holy
Approved rendering: ਪਵਿੱਤਰ
Transliteration: pavittar
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ੁੱਧ
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Central to 1 Peter 1:15-16 (quoting Leviticus 11:44) and the ‘Holiness in Conduct’ doctrine. Never ਸ਼ੁੱਧ for this adjective.
Peace
Approved rendering: ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ
Transliteration: shanti
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: ਸਹਿਜ
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Opening and closing greeting of 1 Peter (1:2, 5:14). Never ਸਹਿਜ.
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: ਆਤਮਿਕ ਦਾਤਾਂ
Transliteration: atmik daatan
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts
Rejected alternatives: ਵਰ
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Frame reused for the singular ਆਤਮਿਕ ਦਾਤ at 1 Peter 4:10.
Church
Approved rendering: ਮੰਡਲੀ
Transliteration: mandli
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ, ਮੰਦਰ
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Relevant background term for ‘the household of God’ (οἶκος τοῦ Θεοῦ, 4:17) and the priesthood/peoplehood ecclesiology of 1 Peter 2:4-10.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: ਪਰਾਈਆਂ ਕੌਮਾਂ
Transliteration: paraiyan kaumaan
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: ਵਿਦੇਸ਼ੀ
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Used generically at 1 Peter 2:12 (ἔθνη); ensure ਕੌਮਾਂ is read as ‘nations/peoples,’ not a reference to a specific qaum-identity group.
Living Hope
Approved rendering: ਜੀਉਂਦੀ ਆਸ
Transliteration: jeondi asha
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection
Original: ἐλπὶς ζῶσα
Category: Salvation
1 Peter 1:3, 1:21, 3:15. Base term ਆਸ alone reads as ordinary optimism; always pair with ‘ਮਸੀਹ ਦੇ ਪੁਨਰ-ਉਥਾਨ ਦੁਆਰਾ’ at load-bearing occurrences.
Mercy
Approved rendering: ਰਹਮ
Transliteration: rahm
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Salvation
1 Peter 1:3, 2:10. God’s comprehensive covenant compassion, not casual human pity.
Undefiled
Approved rendering: ਨਿਰਮਲ
Transliteration: nirmal
Doctrine: Holiness in Conduct
Original: ἀμίαντος
Category: Sanctification
1 Peter 1:4. Positive Gurbani-overlap purity term, like ਪਵਿੱਤਰ; anchor to God’s gift, not meditative attainment.
Guarded Kept
Approved rendering: ਰਾਖੀ ਕੀਤੀ ਜਾਣੀ
Transliteration: rakhi kiti jani
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection
Original: φρουρέω
Category: Salvation
1 Peter 1:5. Active, garrison-like guarding by God, not a passive ‘kept in storage’ reading.
Testing Proving
Approved rendering: ਪਰਖ
Transliteration: parakh
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Original: δοκίμιον
Category: Faith
1 Peter 1:7, cf. 4:12. Purifying, faith-strengthening refinement, not punishment or karmic consequence.
Trial Temptation
Approved rendering: ਭਾਂਤ-ਭਾਂਤ ਦੇ ਪਰਤਾਵੇ
Transliteration: bhaant-bhaant de partave
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Original: πειρασμός
Category: Suffering
1 Peter 1:6. Established Lord’s-Prayer vocabulary (ਪਰਤਾਵਾ); context determines external hardship vs. internal temptation.
Rejoice Exult
Approved rendering: ਬਹੁਤ ਅਨੰਦ ਮਨਾਉਣਾ
Transliteration: bahut anand manauna
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection
Original: ἀγαλλιάω
Category: Faith
1 Peter 1:6, 4:13. ਅਨੰਦ carries positive Sikh devotional resonance (Anand Sahib); anchor joy to the resurrection hope of 1:3-5, not a meditative bliss-state.
Sojourner Exile
Approved rendering: ਪਰਦੇਸੀ
Transliteration: pardesi
Doctrine: Holiness in Conduct
Original: παρεπίδημος / πάροικος
Category: Church
1 Peter 1:1, 2:11. Positive Punjabi diaspora-culture bridge term (παρεπίδημος/πάροικος); must be anchored to the letter’s specific heavenly-homeland sense, not mere economic migration.
Conduct Manner Of Life
Approved rendering: ਚਾਲ-ਚਲਣ
Transliteration: chaal-chalan
Doctrine: Holiness in Conduct
Original: ἀναστροφή
Category: Sanctification
Recurring keyword: 1 Peter 1:15, 1:18, 2:12, 3:1-2, 3:16. Observable, everyday behavior, not private ritual purity. Render consistently across every occurrence.
Unblemished Spotless
Approved rendering: ਨਿਰਦੋਸ਼ ਅਤੇ ਬੇਦਾਗ਼
Transliteration: nirdosh te bedaagh
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Original: ἄμωμος καὶ ἄσπιλος
Category: Christology
1 Peter 1:19. Christ’s sinless perfection as the sacrificial lamb.
Brotherly Love
Approved rendering: ਭਾਈਚਾਰਕ ਪਿਆਰ
Transliteration: bhaicharak pyar
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Original: φιλαδελφία
Category: Church
1 Peter 1:22. Positive-fit Punjabi social term; ensure the cross-tribal, cross-caste scope is clear, distinct from clan-family or Khalsa-brotherhood-specific readings.
Purify
Approved rendering: ਸ਼ੁੱਧ ਕਰਨਾ
Transliteration: shudh karna
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἁγνίζω
Category: Sanctification
1 Peter 1:22. Acceptable here (unlike for the adjective ‘holy’) because the verb denotes purifying action explicitly attributed to ‘obedience to the truth’; never read as ritual ablution.
Living Stone
Approved rendering: ਜੀਉਂਦਾ ਪੱਥਰ
Transliteration: jeonda patthar
Doctrine: The Church as a Holy and Royal Priesthood
Original: λίθος ζῶν
Category: Church
1 Peter 2:4-5. Echoes the ‘living’ motif of 1:3 (ਜੀਉਂदੀ ਆਸ) and 1:23 (living word); render with the same ਜੀਉਂਦਾ root consistently.
People Of God
Approved rendering: ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦੀ ਪਰਜਾ
Transliteration: Parmeshar di praja
Doctrine: Unity and Identity of God’s People
Original: λαὸς Θεοῦ
Category: Church
1 Peter 2:9-10. Safer alternative to ਕੌਮ-based phrasing since ਪਰਜਾ (subjects under a sovereign) carries no qaum/nation political freight; prefer this term in teaching contexts where the source text allows.
King Governor
Approved rendering: ਰਾਜਾ / ਹਾਕਮ
Transliteration: raja / hakam
Doctrine: Submission to Authority and Christlike Endurance
Original: βασιλεύς / ἡγεμών
Category: Ethics
1 Peter 2:13-14. ਹਾਕਮ (ruler/governor) is visually/phonetically close to but distinct from ਹੁਕਮ (Sikh Divine Order doctrine); translators must be alert to this near-miss.
Servant Slave Of God
Approved rendering: ਦਾਸ
Transliteration: das
Doctrine: Submission to Authority and Christlike Endurance
Original: δοῦλος Θεοῦ
Category: Ethics
1 Peter 2:16. Common element in Sikh personal names historically applied to devotees of the Guru; context must show servanthood to God/Christ directly, not attachment to a human guru-figure. Always anchor to ‘ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਦਾਸ,’ not a bare noun.
Freedom
Approved rendering: ਅਜ਼ਾਦੀ
Transliteration: azadi
Doctrine: Submission to Authority and Christlike Endurance
Original: ἐλευθερία
Category: Ethics
1 Peter 2:16. Carries strong political-sovereignty resonance in Punjab’s modern history, including separatist movements; frame explicitly as freedom from sin’s bondage, never political liberty, in the same sentence it is introduced.
Tree Cross
Approved rendering: ਰੁੱਖ
Transliteration: rukkh
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Rejected alternatives: ਸਲੀਬ (not a direct substitute here)
Original: ξύλον
Category: Christology
1 Peter 2:24. Preserves the deliberate Deuteronomy 21:23 allusion; distinct from the more common ਸਲੀਬ, which may appear only in parallel explanatory notes.
Wound Heal
Approved rendering: ਜ਼ਖ਼ਮ / ਚੰਗਾ ਕਰਨਾ
Transliteration: zakham / changa karna
Doctrine: Christ’s Substitutionary Suffering
Original: μώλωψ / ἰάομαι
Category: Christology
1 Peter 2:24. Isaiah 53 allusion; primarily spiritual/moral healing from sin, not a general physical-healing promise.
Shepherd Overseer
Approved rendering: ਆਜੜੀ ਅਤੇ ਨਿਗਾਹਬਾਨ
Transliteration: ajhri te nigahban
Doctrine: Elders and Humility
Original: ποιμήν καὶ ἐπίσκοπος τῶν ψυχῶν
Category: Church
1 Peter 2:25. Christ as shepherd/overseer of souls; ψυχή rendered ਜਾਨ to keep it distinct from ਆਤਮਾ (Spirit).
Gentle Quiet Spirit
Approved rendering: ਨਰਮ ਅਤੇ ਸ਼ਾਂਤ ਆਤਮਾ
Transliteration: naram te shant atma
Doctrine: Holiness in Conduct
Original: πραΰς καὶ ἡσύχιος
Category: Sanctification
1 Peter 3:3-4. Genuine point of contact with broader South Asian virtue teaching on inner character; must remain anchored to hope ‘in God’ (3:5), not generic self-cultivation.
Defense Account
Approved rendering: ਜਵਾਬ / ਸਫ਼ਾਈ
Transliteration: javab / safai
Doctrine: Evangelism and Reasoned Witness
Original: ἀπολογία
Category: Faith
1 Peter 3:15. A reasoned, respectful account of hope, not confrontational argument, given Punjab’s religiously plural Sikh-majority, Hindu-minority context.
Ark Brought Safely Through
Approved rendering: ਕਿਸ਼ਤੀ / ਬਚਾ ਲਿਆ ਗਿਆ
Transliteration: kishti / bacha lia gaya
Doctrine: Baptism and New Covenant Initiation
Rejected alternatives: ਮੁਕਤੀ (never for this verb)
Original: κιβωτός / διασώζω
Category: Salvation
1 Peter 3:20. διασώζω denotes a narrower physical rescue than full soteriological ਮੁਕਤੀ; do not use ਮੁਕਤੀ here, to preserve the mandatory-gloss term’s precision.
Authorities And Powers
Approved rendering: ਅਧਿਕਾਰ ਅਤੇ ਸਮਰੱਥਾਵਾਂ
Transliteration: adhikar te samrathavan
Doctrine: Christ’s Authority Over Spiritual Powers
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ਕਤੀ (never)
Original: ἐξουσίαι καὶ δυνάμεις
Category: Christology
1 Peter 3:22. δύναμις-family rendered ਸਮਰੱਥਾ, never ਸ਼ਕਤੀ, per the baseline power-of-God caution, even though the referent here is spiritual powers rather than God’s own power.
Love Covers Sin
Approved rendering: ਪਿਆਰ ਢੱਕ ਲੈਂਦਾ ਹੈ
Transliteration: pyar dhak lainda hai
Doctrine: Mutual Edification and Covering Love
Original: ἀγάπη καλύπτει πλῆθος ἁμαρτιῶν
Category: Church
1 Peter 4:8. Relational covering among believers, not atonement before God, which remains exclusively Christ’s substitutionary work.
Spiritual Gift Steward
Approved rendering: ਆਤਮਿਕ ਦਾਤ / ਭੰਡਾਰੀ
Transliteration: atmik daat / bhandari
Doctrine: Stewardship of Spiritual Gifts
Original: χάρισμα / οἰκονόμος
Category: Church
1 Peter 4:10-11. Reuses the baseline ਆਤਮਿਕ ਦਾਤਾਂ frame; gifts are entrusted stewardship, not merit-earned powers or personal possession.
Fiery Trial
Approved rendering: ਅੱਗ ਦੀ ਪਰਖ
Transliteration: agg di parakh
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Original: πύρωσις
Category: Suffering
1 Peter 4:12. Deliberately echoes 1:7’s refining-gold image; render consistently to preserve Peter’s own internal cross-reference.
House Of God Judgment
Approved rendering: ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਘਰ / ਨਿਆਂ
Transliteration: Parmeshar da ghar / niaan
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability and Final Judgment
Original: οἶκος τοῦ Θεοῦ / κρίμα
Category: Church
1 Peter 4:17. ਨਿਆਂ is safe here (the baseline forbids ਧਰਮ-derived alternatives only for ‘righteousness,’ not general ‘judgment’).
Ungodly Sinner
Approved rendering: ਬੇਦੀਨ / ਪਾਪੀ
Transliteration: bedin / papi
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability and Final Judgment
Rejected alternatives: ਅਧਰਮੀ (never)
Original: ἀσεβής / ἁμαρτωλός
Category: Sin
1 Peter 4:18. ਬੇਦੀਨ (‘without religion/faith’) deliberately avoids any ਧਰਮ-root word, consistent with the baseline’s ਧਰਮ-avoidance rule.
Shepherd Flock Chief Shepherd
Approved rendering: ਆਜੜੀ ਬਣ ਕੇ ਸੇਵਾ ਕਰਨਾ / ਇੱਜੜ / ਪ੍ਰਧਾਨ ਆਜੜੀ
Transliteration: ajhri ban ke seva karna / ijhar / pradhan ajhri
Doctrine: Elders and Humility
Original: ποιμαίνω / ποίμνιον / ἀρχιποίμην
Category: Church
1 Peter 5:2-4. ਸੇਵਾ carries positive overlap with the Sikh ideal of selfless service, but must remain accountable to Christ as ਪ੍ਰਧਾਨ ਆਜੜੀ (Chief Shepherd), never a generic virtue detached from that accountability.
Humility
Approved rendering: ਨਿਮਰਤਾ
Transliteration: nimarta
Doctrine: Elders and Humility
Original: ταπεινοφροσύνη
Category: Church
1 Peter 5:5. Positive overlap with Sikh nimrata ideal (Guru Nanak’s own virtue); must remain explicitly grounded in this passage’s Christ-and-grace framework, not a free-floating ethical ideal.
Adversary Devil
Approved rendering: ਵਿਰੋਧੀ / ਸ਼ੈਤਾਨ
Transliteration: virodhi / shaitan
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Adversary
Original: ἀντίδικος / διάβολος
Category: Spiritual Warfare
1 Peter 5:8-9. ਸ਼ੈਤਾਨ is a broadly shared Perso-Arabic loanword across Punjabi religious traditions; frame as a personal, resistible spiritual agent, not an impersonal cosmic evil force.
Establish Strengthen Cluster
Approved rendering: ਪੂਰਾ/ਸਥਿਰ/ਬਲ/ਨੀਂਹ ਪੱਕੀ ਕਰਨਾ
Transliteration: pura/sathir/bal/neenh pakki karna
Doctrine: Assurance and God’s Establishing Grace
Original: καταρτίζω, στηρίζω, σθενόω, θεμελιόω
Category: Faith
1 Peter 5:10. God’s own promised restoring action after suffering; render with warm, confident, formal-register vocabulary, not a fatalistic or uncertain outcome.
Dominion Might
Approved rendering: ਅਧਿਕਾਰ ਅਤੇ ਸਮਰੱਥਾ
Transliteration: adhikar te samratha
Doctrine: Doxology and the Power of God
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ਕਤੀ (never)
Original: κράτος
Category: God
1 Peter 4:11, 5:11. κράτος-family dominion/might; never ਸ਼ਕਤੀ.
Low Risk Terms
Fellowship
Approved rendering: ਸੰਗਤ
Transliteration: sangat
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: ਦੋਸਤੀ
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. Positive bridge term underlying the ‘Christian Fellowship and Brotherly Love’ doctrine in 1 Peter; related to κοινωνέω (‘share/partake,’ 4:13).
Prophet
Approved rendering: ਨਬੀ
Transliteration: nabi
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package; unchanged. 1 Peter 1:10-12: the prophets who searched out and foretold the salvation now announced.
Unfading
Approved rendering: ਨਾ ਮੁਰਝਾਉਣ ਵਾਲਾ
Transliteration: na murjhaun vala
Doctrine: The Living Hope of the Resurrection
Original: ἀμάραντος
Category: Salvation
1 Peter 1:4, cf. 1:24. Transparent botanical image; no collision risk.
Love
Approved rendering: ਪਿਆਰ
Transliteration: pyar
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: ਪ੍ਰੇਮ
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Church
1 Peter 1:8, 1:22, 4:8. Standard, well-established term; avoid ਪ੍ਰੇਮ’s Krishna-bhakti devotional resonance.
Household Servant Master
Approved rendering: ਨੌਕਰ / ਮਾਲਕ
Transliteration: naukar / malik
Doctrine: Submission to Authority and Christlike Endurance
Original: οἰκέτης / δεσπότης
Category: Ethics
1 Peter 2:18. ਮਾਲਕ here is a purely human, domestic-authority term, distinct from ਪ੍ਰਭੂ (Kyrios); keep register clearly domestic.
Blessed
Approved rendering: ਧੰਨ
Transliteration: dhan
Doctrine: Suffering for Righteousness’ Sake
Original: μακάριος
Category: Suffering
1 Peter 3:14. Established Punjabi Christian usage, parallel to the Beatitudes.
Prison
Approved rendering: ਕੈਦ
Transliteration: qaid
Doctrine: Christ’s Proclamation to the Spirits
Original: φυλακή
Category: Christology
1 Peter 3:19. Low risk alone; sensitive mainly in combination with ‘spirits.‘
Patience Of God
Approved rendering: ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਸਬਰ
Transliteration: Parmeshar da sabar
Doctrine: Providence
Original: μακροθυμία Θεοῦ
Category: God
1 Peter 3:20. God’s patient forbearance in Noah’s day; standard vocabulary.
Hospitable
Approved rendering: ਪਰਾਹੁਣਚਾਰੀ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲਾ
Transliteration: parahunchari karan vala
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Original: φιλόξενος
Category: Church
1 Peter 4:9. Positive-fit Punjabi cultural value; natural point of contact without doctrinal collision.
Christian
Approved rendering: ਮਸੀਹੀ
Transliteration: masihi
Doctrine: Christian Identity in Suffering
Original: Χριστιανός
Category: Church
1 Peter 4:16. Established, unambiguous self-identifier built on the fixed ਮਸੀਹ. Reframed by the text as an occasion for glorifying God, not shame.
Creator
Approved rendering: ਸਿਰਜਣਹਾਰ
Transliteration: sirjanhar
Doctrine: Providence
Original: κτίστης
Category: God
1 Peter 4:19. Positive cross-tradition overlap term; anchor to ‘faithful’ (personal, trustworthy character), not an impersonal cosmic force.
Proud Humble
Approved rendering: ਹੰਕਾਰੀ / ਨਿਮਰ
Transliteration: hankari / nimar
Doctrine: Elders and Humility
Original: ὑπερήφανος / ταπεινός
Category: Church
1 Peter 5:5, quoting Proverbs 3:34.
Anxiety Care
Approved rendering: ਚਿੰਤਾ / ਫ਼ਿਕਰ
Transliteration: chinta / fikar
Doctrine: Prayer and Freedom from Anxiety
Original: μέριμνα
Category: Faith
1 Peter 5:7. Warm, everyday pastoral vocabulary; low doctrinal collision risk.
Babylon
Approved rendering: ਬਾਬਲ
Transliteration: Babal
Doctrine: —
Original: Βαβυλών
Category: Covenant
1 Peter 5:13. Coded reference to Rome; established Punjabi Bible form. Requires a brief historical-background note for reader comprehension.
Kiss Of Love
Approved rendering: ਪਿਆਰ ਦਾ ਚੁੰਮਣ
Transliteration: pyar da chumman
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Original: φίλημα ἀγάπης
Category: Church
1 Peter 5:14. Culturally specific first-century greeting custom; may need a cultural-equivalence note for Punjabi Christian greeting custom, not literal instruction.
Referenced passages