Core Glossary
Core Glossary: 2 Thessalonians — English → Punjabi
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, spanning all three chapters of 2 Thessalonians. Terms marked [TM] are reused exactly from the baseline Romans translation_memory.json per the non-negotiable reuse rule. Terms marked [NEW] are proposed additions specific to this curriculum, pending incorporation into an updated translation memory and doctrine risk registry in a later PRD step.
Reused Baseline Terms (Romans Translation Memory) Occurring in 2 Thessalonians
| Term | Punjabi | Risk | Chapters | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gospel | ਖੁਸ਼ਖਬਰੀ | High | 1, 2 | 1:8 “obey the gospel”; 2:14 “called through our gospel” |
| grace | ਕਿਰਪਾ | High | 1, 2, 3 | Greeting/benediction formula throughout |
| faith | ਨਿਹਚਾ | High | 1, 2, 3 | Growing faith (1:3); belief of truth (2:13); “not all have faith” (3:2) |
| called / calling | ਸੱਦਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ / ਸੱਦਾ | High | 1, 2 | 1:11 “worthy of his calling”; 2:14 “called through our gospel” |
| saints | ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਲੋਕ | High | 1 | 1:10 “glorified in his saints” |
| sanctification | ਪਵਿੱਤਰੀਕਰਨ | High | 2 | 2:13 “sanctification of the Spirit” |
| lord | ਪ੍ਰਭੂ | Critical | 1, 2, 3 | Throughout |
| peace | ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ | Medium | 1, 3 | 1:2 greeting; 3:16 “Lord of peace”; 3:12 everyday sense (distinct, flagged) |
| thanksgiving | ਧੰਨਵਾਦ | Low | 1, 2 | 1:3 “we ought always to give thanks”; 2:13 |
| church | ਮੰਡਲੀ | Medium | 1 | 1:1 “to the church of the Thessalonians” |
| kingdom_of_god | ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਰਾਜ | Medium | 1 | 1:5 “considered worthy of the kingdom of God” |
| glory | ਮਹਿਮਾ | High | 1, 2 | 1:9, 1:12; 2:14 “obtain the glory of our Lord” |
| power_of_god | ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦੀ ਸਮਰੱਥਾ | High | 1 | 1:11 “by his power”; deliberately contrasted with Satan’s ਤਾਕਤ in 2:9 |
| messiah / christ | ਮਸੀਹ | Critical | 1, 2, 3 | ”our Lord Jesus Christ” throughout |
| election | ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦੀ ਚੋਣ | High | 2 | 2:13 “God chose you as firstfruits” |
| jesus | ਯਿਸੂ | Critical | 1, 2, 3 | Throughout |
| god | ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ | Critical | 1, 2, 3 | Throughout |
| holy_spirit | ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਆਤਮਾ | Critical | 2 | 2:13 “sanctification of the [Holy] Spirit” — must be distinguished from the false “spirit” (claimed prophetic utterance) in 2:2 |
| father | ਪਿਤਾ | Critical | 1, 2 | 1:1, 1:2; 2:16 “God our Father” |
| exhort | ਉਤਸ਼ਾਹਿਤ ਕਰਨਾ | Low | 2, 3 | 2:17 comfort/establish; 3:12 exhortation to quiet work |
| salvation | ਮੁਕਤੀ | Critical | 2 | 2:10, 2:13; MANDATORY Sikh/Christian mukti gloss required on every load-bearing occurrence |
New Terms Proposed for 2 Thessalonians
| Term | Greek | Punjabi | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Chapters | Alternatives Rejected | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day of the Lord | ἡ ἡμέρα τοῦ κυρίου | ਪ੍ਰਭੂ ਦਾ ਦਿਨ | Prabhu da din | Critical | The Day of the Lord | 2 | — | Requires gloss distinguishing from folk ਕਿਆਮਤ (Islamic-idiom Judgment Day) and from Hindu cyclical pralaya/Kali Yuga expectation; this is Christ’s own personal, historical, bodily return. |
| Parousia / Coming | παρουσία | ਆਗਮਨ | Aagaman | Critical | The Day of the Lord | 2 | ਆਉਣਾ (too generic to carry the intentional echo across vv.1 and 9) | Same Punjabi word must render both Christ’s true coming (2:1) and the lawless one’s counterfeit coming (2:9) to preserve Paul’s deliberate mimicry. |
| Epiphaneia / Appearing | ἐπιφάνεια | ਪਰਗਟਾਵਾ | Pargatava | High | The Day of the Lord | 2 | — | Paired with ਆਗਮਨ in 2:8 (“the manifestation of his coming”). |
| Apostasy / Rebellion | ἀποστασία | ਨਿਹਚਾ ਤੋਂ ਭਟਕਾਅ | Nihcha ton bhatkaav | Critical | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | ਧਰਮ-ਤਿਆਗ (reintroduces forbidden ਧਰਮ root and Gita adharma/avatar framework); ਬਗਾਵਤ/ਵਿਦਰੋਹ (evokes Punjab’s political-insurgency associations) | Built on the established ਨਿਹਚਾ root to avoid both collisions while remaining transparent. |
| Lawlessness | ἀνομία | ਬੇਕਾਨੂੰਨੀ | Bekanuni | Critical | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | ਅਧਰਮ, ਕੁਧਰਮ (both invoke the Hindu dharma/adharma cosmic axis and the Gita’s avatar-arises-to-destroy-adharma doctrine) | Built on the neutral civil-legal loanword ਕਾਨੂੰਨ (“law”) rather than any dharma-root word. |
| Man of Lawlessness | ὁ ἄνθρωπος τῆς ἀνομίας | ਬੇਕਾਨੂੰਨੀ ਦਾ ਮਨੁੱਖ | Bekanuni da manukh | Critical | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | ਅਧਰਮ ਦਾ ਮਨੁੱਖ | See ਬੇਕਾਨੂੰਨੀ entry above. |
| Son of Destruction | ὁ υἱὸς τῆς ἀπωλείας | ਵਿਨਾਸ਼ ਦਾ ਪੁੱਤਰ | Vinash da puttar | High | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | — | Requires translator note on the Hebraic “son of ___” idiom (characterized-by, not literal parentage). |
| Restrainer (impersonal) | τὸ κατέχον | ਰੋਕਣ ਵਾਲੀ ਚੀਜ਼ | Rokan wali cheez | High | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | Any rendering pre-committing to a single identity (e.g., naming the Holy Spirit outright) | Preserve the Greek’s own studied ambiguity; do not resolve the historic interpretive debate through translation choice. |
| Restrainer (personal) | ὁ κατέχων | ਰੋਕਣ ਵਾਲਾ | Rokan wala | High | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | Same as above | Preserve the neuter (v.6) → masculine (v.7) grammatical shift via translator note. |
| Mystery of Lawlessness | τὸ μυστήριον τῆς ἀνομίας | ਬੇਕਾਨੂੰਨੀ ਦਾ ਭੇਦ | Bekanuni da bhed | Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | — | ਭੇਦ is the standard Punjabi Bible word for revelatory “mystery.” |
| Temple of God | ναὸς τοῦ θεοῦ | ਹੈਕਲ | Haikal | Critical | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | ਮੰਦਰ (explicitly reserved by baseline for Hindu temple; already forbidden even for “church”) | Established Punjabi Bible technical term for the OT/NT sanctuary of God, distinct from ਮੰਦਰ and ਮੰਡਲੀ. |
| Satan | Σατανᾶς | ਸ਼ੈਤਾਨ / ਸਾਤਾਨ | Shaitan / Satan | Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | 2, 3 | — | Widely recognized Perso-Arabic-origin term across Punjabi religious communities. |
| Satan’s Power | δύναμις (of Satan) | ਤਾਕਤ | Taakat | High | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | ਸ਼ਕਤੀ (goddess-power association; also reserved as forbidden per baseline power_of_god entry) | Never the same word as ਸਮਰੱਥਾ (reserved for God’s power alone). |
| Working / Activity | ἐνέργεια | ਕਾਰਵਾਈ | Karvai | High | The Man of Lawlessness / God’s Righteous Judgment | 2 | — | Same Greek word used for Satan’s activity (2:9) and God’s own judicial action (2:11); flag the deliberate parallel — sovereignty over evil, not dualism. |
| Lying Signs and Wonders | σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα ψεύδους | ਝੂਠੇ ਨਿਸ਼ਾਨ ਅਤੇ ਅਚੰਭੇ | Jhoothe nishan ate achambhe | High | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | — | Culturally live risk: resonates with contemporary Punjabi godman/dera “chamatkar” miracle claims; handle pastorally. |
| Deceit | ἀπάτη | ਧੋਖਾ | Dhokha | Low-Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | — | Everyday, non-technical word. |
| Unrighteousness / Wickedness | ἀδικία | ਬਦੀ | Badi | High | God’s Righteous Judgment | 2 | ਅਧਰਮ (dharma-root collision, as above) | Conceptually (not lexically) linked to ਧਾਰਮਿਕਤਾ; flag the doctrinal connection in translator notes. |
| Love of the Truth | ἀγάπη τῆς ἀληθείας | ਸਚਾਈ ਦਾ ਪਿਆਰ | Sachai da pyar | High | The Man of Lawlessness / God’s Righteous Judgment | 2 | — | ਸਚਾਈ/ਸੱਚ resonates with the Sikh Mool Mantar’s “ਸਤਿ” (eternal Truth); must be glossed as the specific gospel truth about Christ, not an abstract cosmic principle. |
| Strong Delusion | ἐνέργεια πλάνης | ਪ੍ਰਬਲ ਭੁਲੇਖਾ | Prabal bhulekha | Critical | God’s Righteous Judgment | 2 | ਭਰਮ (major Sikh technical term for maya-like metaphysical illusion, dispelled through Guru’s grace/Naam-simran) | God’s specific judicial hardening of willful unbelievers, not the general human condition of spiritual ignorance addressed by Sikh soteriology. |
| The Lie | τὸ ψεῦδος | ਝੂਠ | Jhooth | Low-Medium | The Man of Lawlessness | 2 | — | Standard word for falsehood. |
| Condemned | κριθῶσιν | ਦੋਸ਼ੀ ਠਹਿਰਾਏ ਜਾਣ | Doshi thehraye jaan | High | God’s Righteous Judgment | 2 | ਸਜ਼ਾ ਮਿਲਣੀ (loses forensic-declaration dimension) | Deliberately mirrors baseline’s ਧਰਮੀ ਠਹਿਰਾਇਆ ਜਾਣਾ (justification) as its forensic opposite pole. |
| Tribulation / Affliction | θλῖψις | ਬਿਪਤਾ | Bipata | Low-Medium | Perseverance under Persecution | 1 | — | Standard Bible-translation term. |
| Persecution | διωγμός | ਸਤਾਹਟ | Sataahat | Low | Perseverance under Persecution | 1 | — | Standard term. |
| Endurance / Perseverance | ὑπομονή | ਧੀਰਜ | Dheeraj | High | Perseverance under Persecution | 1, 3 | — | Active, faith-fueled perseverance, not passive resignation; also used of “the steadfastness of Christ” (3:5). |
| Righteous Judgment | δίκαιος κρίσις | ਧਰਮੀ ਨਿਆਂ | Dharmi niaan | High | God’s Righteous Judgment | 1 | — | Built on baseline’s ਧਰਮੀ root (justification family) + neutral civic-legal ਨਿਆਂ. |
| Vengeance / Retribution | ἐκδίκησις | ਦੰਡ | Dand | High | God’s Righteous Judgment | 1 | ਬਦਲਾ (Punjab’s cultural vendetta/honor-feud associations) | Judicial punishment, categorically distinct from personal revenge. |
| Eternal Destruction | ὄλεθρος αἰώνιος | ਸਦੀਵੀ ਨਾਸ | Sadivi nas | High | God’s Righteous Judgment | 1 | — | Personal, permanent, irrevocable — not cyclical cosmic dissolution (pralaya). |
| From the Presence of the Lord | ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ κυρίου | ਪ੍ਰਭੂ ਦੀ ਹਜ਼ੂਰੀ ਤੋਂ | Prabhu di hazoori ton | Medium | God’s Righteous Judgment | 1 | — | ਹਜ਼ੂਰੀ carries respectful courtly register; low collision risk. |
| Angels | ἄγγελοι | ਦੂਤ | Doot | Low-Medium | The Day of the Lord | 1 | — | Reserved for actual angelic beings; never for human “apostle” (per baseline). |
| Love (general) | ἀγάπη | ਪਿਆਰ | Pyar | Low-Medium | Perseverance under Persecution | 1 | ਪ੍ਰੇਮ (acceptable but carries bhakti-devotional resonance) | Standard default Punjabi Christian word for love. |
| Tradition(s) | παράδοσις | ਪਰੰਪਰਾ | Parampara | Critical — retained with mandatory gloss | Standing Firm in the Traditions | 2, 3 | (No viable substitute found; retained per ਮੁਕਤੀ-style precedent) | Collides with the Sikh Guru Parampara (open, ongoing succession of authoritative teachers). Every doctrinally load-bearing occurrence (2:15; 3:6) MUST carry a clarifying gloss: apostolic ਪਰੰਪਰਾ is a closed, complete body of teaching (Scripture), not an ongoing chain of new revelation through successive teachers. |
| Stand Firm and Hold Fast | στήκετε καὶ κρατεῖτε | ਖੜ੍ਹੇ ਰਹੋ ਅਤੇ ਫੜੀ ਰੱਖੋ | Kharhe raho ate fharhi rakho | Medium-High | Standing Firm in the Traditions | 2 | — | Paired imperative directly following ਪਰੰਪਰਾ. |
| Word of the Lord | λόγος τοῦ κυρίου | ਪ੍ਰਭੂ ਦਾ ਬਚਨ | Prabhu da bachan | Critical | Standing Firm in the Traditions | 2, 3 | ਸ਼ਬਦ (the Sikh “Shabad Guru,” the divine Word embodied in Guru Granth Sahib — an exclusive, reserved Sikh doctrinal term) | Applies to every occurrence of λόγος as “word of God/word of the Lord” in this curriculum. |
| A Spiritual Utterance (false) | πνεῦμα (2:2) | ਆਤਮਿਕ ਵਾਕ | Atmik vaak | High | Standing Firm in the Traditions | 2 | Unqualified ਆਤਮਾ (risks confusion with ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਆਤਮਾ) | A claimed prophetic utterance falsely invoked to unsettle the church — not the Holy Spirit himself. |
| Faithful (of God) | πιστός | ਵਫ਼ਾਦਾਰ | Wafadar | Medium | Standing Firm in the Traditions | 3 | — | Describes God’s own reliability; distinct from ਨਿਹਚਾ (human trust), though same Greek root family. |
| Apostolic Command | παραγγέλλω | ਆਗਿਆ ਦੇਣਾ | Agya dena | High | Standing Firm in the Traditions | 3 | ਹੁਕਮ ਦੇਣਾ (too liturgically specific; risks equating apostolic letters with Waheguru’s Hukam / Akal Takht Hukamnama) | Built on the same root as baseline’s ਨਿਹਚਾ ਦੀ ਆਗਿਆਕਾਰੀ. |
| Disorderly Conduct / Idleness | ἀτάκτως | ਬੇਤਰਤੀਬ ਚਾਲ | Betartib chaal | Medium | Standing Firm in the Traditions | 3 | — | Straightforward; low collision risk. |
| Honest Work | ἐργάζεσθαι | ਕੰਮ ਕਰਨਾ | Kaam karna | Low — OPPORTUNITY | Standing Firm in the Traditions | 3 | — | Positive resonance with the Sikh ethical pillar of ਕਿਰਤ ਕਰਨੀ (honest labor); usable as a natural cultural bridge. |
| Quietness (everyday) | ἡσυχία | ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ (distinct sense) | Shanti | Medium | Standing Firm in the Traditions | 3 | — | Reuses TM word for “peace” but in an everyday, non-salvific sense; requires disambiguating note. |
| Authenticating Sign/Mark | σημεῖον | ਨਿਸ਼ਾਨ | Nishan | Low-Medium | Standing Firm in the Traditions | 3 | — | Minor secondary association with Sikh Nishan Sahib flag; low collision risk in this everyday sense. |
Coverage Note
All three chapters of 2 Thessalonians have been analyzed: Chapter 1 (greeting, thanksgiving, righteous judgment, perseverance under persecution), Chapter 2 (Day of the Lord, Man of Lawlessness — core passage 2:1–12 — and the Standing Firm in the Traditions doctrine in 2:13–17), and Chapter 3 (prayer, apostolic command, tradition regarding work, church discipline, closing authentication). No chapter introduced zero new load-bearing vocabulary; each chapter’s distinctive terms are recorded above.
Critical Risk Terms
Lord
Approved rendering: ਪ੍ਰਭੂ
Transliteration: prabhu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ਮਾਲਕ, ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ. Occurs throughout 2 Thessalonians (1:1-2, 1:7-9, 1:12, 2:1, 2:8, 2:13-16, 3:1, 3:3-5, 3:16, 3:18).
Messiah
Approved rendering: ਮਸੀਹ
Transliteration: Masih
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Inherited from Romans package. Used throughout as “our Lord Jesus Christ.”
Jesus
Approved rendering: ਯਿਸੂ
Transliteration: Yisu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ਈਸਾ
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER ਈਸਾ. Occurs throughout.
God
Approved rendering: ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ
Transliteration: Parmeshar
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ, ਭਗਵਾਨ
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ or ਭਗਵਾਨ. Occurs throughout, and is central to the sharp contrast against the lawless one’s self-deification claim in 2:4 (see self_deification).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਆਤਮਾ
Transliteration: Pavittar Atma
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ਬ੍ਰਹਮ, ਜੋਤ
Inherited from Romans package. Used at 2:13 (“sanctification of the Spirit”). Must be sharply distinguished from the false, unqualified claimed prophetic “spirit” at 2:2 — see spiritual_utterance_false.
Father
Approved rendering: ਪਿਤਾ
Transliteration: Pita
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Inherited from Romans package. Used at 1:1, 1:2, 2:16 (“God our Father”).
Salvation
Approved rendering: ਮੁਕਤੀ
Transliteration: mukti
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ਨਿਰਵਾਣ, ਮੋਖ, ਛੁਟਕਾਰਾ
Inherited from Romans package. MANDATORY clarifying gloss required on every doctrinally load-bearing occurrence, distinguishing Christian ਮੁਕਤੀ (decisive reconciliation with a personal God through Christ) from Sikh ਮੁਕਤੀ (release from ਆਵਾਗਵਣ through Guru-mediated grace and Naam-simran). Used at 2:10 (“refused to love the truth and so be saved”) and 2:13 (“God chose you… to be saved”).
Day Of The Lord
Approved rendering: ਪ੍ਰਭੂ ਦਾ ਦਿਨ
Transliteration: Prabhu da din
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Rejected alternatives: ਕਿਆਮਤ
Original: ἡ ἡμέρα τοῦ κυρίου
Category: Eschatology
NEW. Constructed compositionally from TM ਪ੍ਰਭੂ rather than borrowing ਕਿਆਮਤ (the colloquial Perso-Arabic Islamic-idiom Judgment Day term used across all Punjabi religious communities) or invoking Hindu cyclical pralaya/Kali Yuga expectation. Mandatory gloss required at every load-bearing occurrence (2:2): this is Christ’s own personal, bodily, historical, once-for-all return, not a cyclical cosmic event or generic reckoning day.
Parousia
Approved rendering: ਆਗਮਨ
Transliteration: Aagaman
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Rejected alternatives: ਆਉਣਾ
Original: παρουσία
Category: Eschatology
NEW. Established Punjabi Christian liturgical term (cf. Advent = ਆਗਮਨ ਕਾਲ), elevated here to technical status. MUST be rendered identically for both Christ’s true coming (2:1) and the lawless one’s counterfeit coming (2:9) to preserve Paul’s deliberate mimicry. ਆਉਣਾ is too generic to carry this echo.
Apostasy
Approved rendering: ਨਿਹਚਾ ਤੋਂ ਭਟਕਾਅ
Transliteration: Nihcha ton bhatkaav
Doctrine: The Apostasy (Falling Away)
Rejected alternatives: ਧਰਮ-ਤਿਆਗ, ਬਗਾਵਤ, ਵਿਦਰੋਹ
Original: ἀποστασία
Category: Eschatology
NEW. ਧਰਮ-ਤਿਆਗ rejected: reintroduces the forbidden ਧਰਮ root and evokes the Bhagavad Gita’s dharma/adharma cosmic-cycle framework (avatar appears when adharma rises, Gita 4:7-8). ਬਗਾਵਤ/ਵਿਦਰੋਹ rejected: carry strong contemporary/historical political-insurgency associations in Punjab. Built instead on the established ਨਿਹਚਾ root. Used at 2:3.
Lawlessness
Approved rendering: ਬੇਕਾਨੂੰਨੀ
Transliteration: Bekanuni
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Rejected alternatives: ਅਧਰਮ, ਕੁਧਰਮ
Original: ἀνομία
Category: Eschatology
NEW. ਅਧਰਮ/ਕੁਧਰਮ explicitly rejected: both sit on the Hindu dharma/adharma cosmic axis underlying the Gita’s avatar doctrine, which would wrongly frame this figure as part of a recurring adharma-rise/avatar-response cycle rather than a unique, once-for-all figure. Built on the neutral civil/legal loanword ਕਾਨੂੰਨ instead. Used at 2:3, 2:7 (“mystery of lawlessness”).
Man Of Lawlessness
Approved rendering: ਬੇਕਾਨੂੰਨੀ ਦਾ ਮਨੁੱਖ
Transliteration: Bekanuni da manukh
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Rejected alternatives: ਅਧਰਮ ਦਾ ਮਨੁੱਖ
Original: ὁ ἄνθρωπος τῆς ἀνομίας
Category: Eschatology
NEW. Built consistently on the ਬੇਕਾਨੂੰਨੀ root; see lawlessness entry for full rationale. The shortened title “the lawless one” (2:8) must use the same root family: ਬੇਕਾਨੂੰਨੀ ਵਾਲਾ. Used at 2:3.
Self Deification
Approved rendering: ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਹੋਣ ਦਾ ਦਿਖਾਵਾ ਕਰਨਾ
Transliteration: Aapne aap nu Parmeshar hon da dikhava karna
Doctrine: Self-Deification and Usurpation of God’s Temple
Original: ἀποδεικνύντα ἑαυτὸν ὅτι ἔστιν θεός
Category: Christology
NEW. Uses TM ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ (unambiguous) but requires an explanatory note contrasting this false, self-proclaimed god with the true and only ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ and with Christ’s own true, eternal ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਪੁੱਤਰ status — the sharpest possible contrast between counterfeit and genuine divine claim. Used at 2:4.
Temple Of God
Approved rendering: ਹੈਕਲ
Transliteration: Haikal
Doctrine: Self-Deification and Usurpation of God’s Temple
Rejected alternatives: ਮੰਦਰ
Original: ναὸς τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Eschatology
NEW. ਮੰਦਰ explicitly forbidden — the baseline glossary already reserves it exclusively for a Hindu temple and forbids it even for “church.” Using ਮੰਦਰ here would cause a Punjabi reader to picture a literal Hindu temple being occupied. The established Punjabi Bible technical term ਹੈਕਲ (Hebrew loanword for Solomon’s/Herod’s Temple) is required instead. Used at 2:4.
Strong Delusion
Approved rendering: ਪ੍ਰਬਲ ਭੁਲੇਖਾ
Transliteration: Prabal bhulekha
Doctrine: Strong Delusion / Judicial Hardening
Rejected alternatives: ਭਰਮ
Original: ἐνέργειαν πλάνης
Category: Sin
NEW. ਭਰਮ explicitly rejected: a major, technical term in Sikh theology for the metaphysical illusion/doubt veiling the soul from Waheguru, closely paired with maya, dispelled only through the Guru’s grace and Naam-simran. Using ਭਰਮ would wrongly equate God’s specific judicial hardening of willful unbelievers with the general human condition of spiritual ignorance addressed by Sikh soteriology. ਭੁਲੇਖਾ + ਪ੍ਰਬਲ used instead. Used at 2:11.
Tradition
Approved rendering: ਪਰੰਪਰਾ
Transliteration: Parampara
Doctrine: Standing Firm in the Traditions
Original: παράδοσις
Category: Covenant
NEW — SPECIAL HANDLING, retained with mandatory gloss (ਮੁਕਤੀ-style precedent). ਪਰੰਪਰਾ is lexically accurate but is also the exact technical term for the Sikh Guru Parampara (the succession of the Ten Gurus, culminating in the Guru Granth Sahib as the eternal, living Guru) and the broader guru-shishya parampara. A Sikh-background reader could hear “traditions” as an open, ongoing succession of authoritative teachers — the opposite of Paul’s meaning. MANDATORY clarifying gloss required on every load-bearing occurrence (2:15; 3:6): apostolic ਪਰੰਪਰਾ is a fixed, closed, already-complete body of teaching (Scripture), not an ongoing chain of new revelation.
Word Of The Lord
Approved rendering: ਪ੍ਰਭੂ ਦਾ ਬਚਨ
Transliteration: Prabhu da bachan
Doctrine: The Word of the Lord and Its Advance
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ਬਦ
Original: λόγος τοῦ κυρίου
Category: Covenant
NEW. ਸ਼ਬਦ (Shabad) explicitly forbidden for any occurrence of λόγος as “word of God/word of the Lord” in this curriculum. In Sikh theology ਸ਼ਬਦ (“Shabad Guru”) is the technical term for the divine Word embodied in the Guru Granth Sahib, the eternal living Guru itself — an extremely load-bearing, exclusive doctrinal term. ਬਚਨ is required instead, applied consistently at every occurrence (2:2, 2:15, 3:1).
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: ਖੁਸ਼ਖਬਰੀ
Transliteration: khushkhabri
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ੁਭ ਸਮਾਚਾਰ
Inherited from Romans package. Established Punjabi Christian term, “good news.” Distinguish from any generic positive announcement; the gospel is the specific proclamation of salvation through Christ crucified and risen. In 2 Thessalonians: 1:8 “obey the gospel”; 2:14 “called through our gospel.”
Grace
Approved rendering: ਕਿਰਪਾ
Transliteration: kirpa
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: ਮੇਹਰ, ਕਰਮ ਦਾ ਫਲ
Inherited from Romans package. Sikh theology already has a developed grace vocabulary (ਕਿਰਪਾ/ਨਦਰ) that is genuinely gift-like but is received through the Guru’s mediation and Naam-simran, not through faith in Christ’s atoning work alone. Occurs in every greeting/benediction formula throughout 2 Thessalonians (1:2, 1:12, 2:16, 3:18).
Faith
Approved rendering: ਨਿਹਚਾ
Transliteration: nihcha
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ਰਧਾ, ਸਿਦਕ
Inherited from Romans package. Personal trust in Christ. Occurs at 1:3 (growing faith), 2:13 (belief of truth), 3:2 (“not all have faith”). Root also used for new compound ਨਿਹਚਾ ਤੋਂ ਭਟਕਾਅ (apostasy) in this curriculum.
Called
Approved rendering: ਸੱਦਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ
Transliteration: saddiya hoya
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: ਬੁਲਾਇਆ ਹੋਇਆ
Inherited from Romans package. In 2 Thessalonians: 1:11 “worthy of his calling”; 2:14 “called through our gospel.”
Calling
Approved rendering: ਸੱਦਾ
Transliteration: sadda
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Inherited from Romans package. Noun form; used at 1:11.
Saints
Approved rendering: ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਲੋਕ
Transliteration: pavittar lok
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: ਸੰਤ
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER ਸੰਤ (living Sant-tradition category in Punjab). Used at 1:10 “glorified in his saints.”
Sanctification
Approved rendering: ਪਵਿੱਤਰੀਕਰਨ
Transliteration: pavittarikaran
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ੁੱਧੀਕਰਨ
Inherited from Romans package. Used at 2:13 “sanctification of the Spirit”; must be distinguished from the false unqualified “spirit” (ਆਤਮਿਕ ਵਾਕ) of 2:2.
Glory
Approved rendering: ਮਹਿਮਾ
Transliteration: mahima
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ਜੋਤ
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER ਜੋਤ. Used at 1:9, 1:12, 2:14 (“obtain the glory of our Lord”).
Power Of God
Approved rendering: ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦੀ ਸਮਰੱਥਾ
Transliteration: Parmeshar di samratha
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ਕਤੀ
Inherited from Romans package. NEVER ਸ਼ਕਤੀ. Used at 1:11. Must be kept lexically distinct from Satan’s power (2:9), which uses the new term ਤਾਕਤ (satans_power) — never the same word for both, preserving Paul’s deliberate contrast.
Election
Approved rendering: ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦੀ ਚੋਣ
Transliteration: Parmeshar di chon
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: ਕਿਸਮਤ
Inherited from Romans package. Used at 2:13 (“God chose you as the firstfruits to be saved”). NEVER ਕਿਸਮਤ.
Epiphaneia
Approved rendering: ਪਰਗਟਾਵਾ
Transliteration: Pargatava
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Original: ἐπιφάνεια
Category: Eschatology
NEW. Must be paired consistently with ਆਗਮਨ (parousia) as “ਆਪਣੇ ਆਗਮਨ ਦੇ ਪਰਗਟਾਵੇ ਨਾਲ” (2:8) to preserve Paul’s doubled emphasis on Christ’s visible, unmistakable manifestation, in contrast to the lawless one’s hidden operations.
Son Of Destruction
Approved rendering: ਵਿਨਾਸ਼ ਦਾ ਪੁੱਤਰ
Transliteration: Vinash da puttar
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: ὁ υἱὸς τῆς ἀπωλείας
Category: Eschatology
NEW. Hebraic “son of ___” idiom (characterized-by, not literal parentage), same title given to Judas in John 17:12. Requires mandatory translator note explaining the idiom to prevent a literal-parentage misreading. Used at 2:3.
Restrainer Impersonal
Approved rendering: ਰੋਕਣ ਵਾਲੀ ਚੀਜ਼
Transliteration: Rokan wali cheez
Doctrine: The Restraining of Lawlessness
Rejected alternatives: ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਆਤਮਾ (as an outright pre-committed identification)
Original: τὸ κατέχον
Category: Eschatology
NEW. The risk is interpretive, not lexical: preserve the Greek’s own studied ambiguity (neuter participle) rather than resolving the historic identity debate (Holy Spirit, Roman state, God’s sovereign timing, gospel preaching) through translation choice. Used at 2:6.
Restrainer Personal
Approved rendering: ਰੋਕਣ ਵਾਲਾ
Transliteration: Rokan wala
Doctrine: The Restraining of Lawlessness
Original: ὁ κατέχων
Category: Eschatology
NEW. Masculine participle, a grammatical shift from v.6’s impersonal “restraining thing.” Punjabi grammar does not mark this neuter-to-masculine shift as sharply as Greek; a translator note must flag this debated interpretive clue. Used at 2:7.
Satans Power
Approved rendering: ਤਾਕਤ
Transliteration: Taakat
Doctrine: Satanic Deception and False Signs and Wonders
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ਕਤੀ, ਸਮਰੱਥਾ
Original: δύναμις (of Satan, 2:9)
Category: Sin
NEW. ਸ਼ਕਤੀ rejected (extending baseline’s power_of_god rationale): using the Hindu goddess-associated word even for Satan’s power risks a Shakti-like rival-deity reading. ਸਮਰੱਥਾ is reserved exclusively for God’s own power (TM power_of_god); ਤਾਕਤ, a neutral everyday word, denotes this derivative, subordinate power and must never be interchanged with ਸਮਰੱਥਾ. Used at 2:9.
Activity Energeia
Approved rendering: ਕਾਰਵਾਈ
Transliteration: Karvai
Doctrine: Satanic Deception and False Signs and Wonders
Original: ἐνέργεια
Category: Sin
NEW. Paul reuses this Greek word for both Satan’s activity (2:9) and God’s own judicial “sending” of delusion (2:11). Translator notes must flag the deliberate parallel: Satan’s ਕਾਰਵਾਈ operates only within the bounds of God’s own permitting ਕਾਰਵਾਈ — sovereignty over evil, not dualism.
Lying Signs And Wonders
Approved rendering: ਝੂਠੇ ਨਿਸ਼ਾਨ ਅਤੇ ਅਚੰਭੇ
Transliteration: Jhoothe nishan ate achambhe
Doctrine: Satanic Deception and False Signs and Wonders
Original: σημεῖα καὶ τέρατα ψεύδους
Category: Sin
NEW. Culturally live risk: contemporary Punjab has an active phenomenon of self-proclaimed godmen and dera leaders performing claimed miracles (ਕਰਾਮਾਤ/ਚਮਤਕਾਰ) to authenticate spiritual authority. Requires pastoral handling, not merely literal translation. Used at 2:9.
Unrighteousness
Approved rendering: ਬਦੀ
Transliteration: Badi
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Rejected alternatives: ਅਧਰਮ
Original: ἀδικία
Category: Sin
NEW. No natural Punjabi antonym preserves the δικ- root the way English “un-righteousness” does. ਬਦੀ is the standard Punjabi Christian word for moral wrongdoing; translator notes must flag the conceptual (not lexical) link to TM ਧਾਰਮਿਕਤਾ and to ਧਰਮੀ ਨਿਆਂ. ਅਧਰਮ rejected for the same dharma/adharma reasons as ἀνομία. Used at 2:10, 2:12 (“delighted in unrighteousness”).
Love Of The Truth
Approved rendering: ਸਚਾਈ ਦਾ ਪਿਆਰ
Transliteration: Sachai da pyar
Doctrine: Love of the Truth Leading to Salvation
Original: ἡ ἀγάπη τῆς ἀληθείας
Category: Faith
NEW. ਸੱਚ/ਸਚਾਈ strongly resonates with the Sikh Mool Mantar’s foundational description of God as ਸਤਿ (Sat, eternal Truth/Reality). Translator notes must clarify this “truth” is the specific, historical gospel message about Christ, not an abstract cosmic principle realized through meditation. Used at 2:10, 2:12-13.
Condemned
Approved rendering: ਦੋਸ਼ੀ ਠਹਿਰਾਏ ਜਾਣ
Transliteration: Doshi thehraye jaan
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Rejected alternatives: ਸਜ਼ਾ ਮਿਲਣੀ
Original: κριθῶσιν
Category: Judgment
NEW. Deliberately mirrors the grammatical structure of the baseline’s ਧਰਮੀ ਠਹਿਰਾਇਆ ਜਾਣਾ (justification) as its forensic opposite pole. This structural parallel must be preserved consistently across the curriculum. Used at 2:12.
Endurance
Approved rendering: ਧੀਰਜ
Transliteration: Dheeraj
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution
Rejected alternatives: ਸਹਿਜ, ਸਬਰ
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Suffering
NEW. Standard Punjabi Christian word for patient endurance; must be presented as active, faith-fueled perseverance, distinguished from ਸਹਿਜ (Sikh meditative equipoise) and ਸਬਰ (Sufi/Islamic-idiom passive submission-to-fate). Also used of Christ’s own steadfastness at 3:5, and echoed at 3:13 (“do not grow weary in doing good”).
Righteous Judgment
Approved rendering: ਧਰਮੀ ਨਿਆਂ
Transliteration: Dharmi niaan
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Rejected alternatives: ਕਰਮ ਦਾ ਫਲ
Original: δίκαιος κρίσις
Category: Judgment
NEW. Built deliberately on the baseline’s ਧਰਮੀ root (from ਧਰਮੀ ਠਹਿਰਾਇਆ ਜਾਣਾ) rather than on the forbidden ਧਰਮ or on karma-vocabulary, preserving the doctrinal family resemblance to justification while adding ਨਿਆਂ for the judicial sense. Used at 1:5.
Vengeance
Approved rendering: ਦੰਡ
Transliteration: Dand
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Rejected alternatives: ਬਦਲਾ
Original: ἐκδίκησις
Category: Judgment
NEW. ਬਦਲਾ (“revenge”) explicitly rejected: Punjab has a strong cultural tradition of personal and family vendetta (“badla culture,” tied to honor and feud); rendering God’s righteous judicial retribution with this word risks reducing it to a human-style vendetta. ਦੰਡ, the standard judicial/legal punishment word, preserves the forensic character. Used at 1:8.
Eternal Destruction
Approved rendering: ਸਦੀਵੀ ਨਾਸ
Transliteration: Sadivi nas
Doctrine: Eternal Destruction
Original: ὄλεθρος αἰώνιος
Category: Judgment
NEW. Must be distinguished by translator note from the Hindu cyclical-dissolution concept of pralaya. A personal, once-for-all, permanent judgment on individuals, not a recurring cosmic phase. Used at 1:9.
Spiritual Utterance False
Approved rendering: ਆਤਮਿਕ ਵਾਕ
Transliteration: Atmik vaak
Doctrine: The Word of the Lord and Its Advance
Rejected alternatives: ਆਤਮਾ (unqualified)
Original: πνεῦμα (2:2)
Category: Covenant
NEW. A claimed prophetic/spiritual utterance falsely asserting the Day of the Lord had already arrived — NOT the Holy Spirit himself. Must be sharply distinguished by translator note from TM ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਆਤਮਾ. Used at 2:2.
Apostolic Command
Approved rendering: ਆਗਿਆ ਦੇਣਾ
Transliteration: Agya dena
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Authentication of Teaching
Rejected alternatives: ਹੁਕਮ ਦੇਣਾ
Original: παραγγέλλω
Category: Covenant
NEW. ਹੁਕਮ ਦੇਣਾ rejected: the baseline already flags ਹੁਕਮ as too liturgically specific even for God’s own providence; applying it to Paul’s own commands would risk equating apostolic letters with Waheguru’s Hukam or an Akal Takht Hukamnama. ਆਗਿਆ ਦੇਣਾ, built on the same root as TM ਨਿਹਚਾ ਦੀ ਆਗਿਆਕਾਰੀ, preserves apostolic authority without this collision. Used at 3:4, 3:6, 3:10, 3:12.
Medium Risk Terms
Peace
Approved rendering: ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ
Transliteration: shanti
Doctrine: Peace with God
Rejected alternatives: ਸਹਿਜ
Inherited from Romans package. Used relationally at 1:2 (greeting) and 3:16 (“Lord of peace”); ALSO reused in an everyday, non-salvific sense at 3:12 (quiet, settled living) — see new term quietness_everyday for the disambiguating note required at that occurrence. NEVER ਸਹਿਜ (Sikh meditative equipoise).
Church
Approved rendering: ਮੰਡਲੀ
Transliteration: mandli
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ, ਮੰਦਰ
Inherited from Romans package. Used at 1:1 (“to the church of the Thessalonians”). NEVER ਮੰਦਰ or ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ. This curriculum extends the ਮੰਦਰ prohibition specifically to “temple of God” (2:4) as well — see temple_of_god.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਰਾਜ
Transliteration: Parmeshar da Raj
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Inherited from Romans package. Used at 1:5 (“considered worthy of the kingdom of God”).
Gathering Together
Approved rendering: ਇਕੱਠੇ ਹੋਣਾ
Transliteration: Ikkathe hona
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Original: ἐπισυναγωγή
Category: Eschatology
NEW. Descriptive phrase for the believers’ once-for-all eschatological gathering to Christ at his return (2:1). Must not be confused with the ordinary weekly ਸੰਗਤ (fellowship gathering, per baseline).
Revealed Unveiled
Approved rendering: ਪਰਗਟ ਹੋਣਾ
Transliteration: Pargat hona
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: ἀποκαλυφθῇ / ἀποκαλύπτω
Category: Eschatology
NEW. Must be used consistently at every occurrence (2:3, 2:6, 2:8) so the reader recognizes one repeated verbal motif — the unveiling of an already-latent figure — rather than three unrelated ideas.
Opposes And Exalts Self
Approved rendering: ਵਿਰੋਧੀ ਅਤੇ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਉੱਚਾ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲਾ
Transliteration: Virodhi ate aapne aap nu ucha karan wala
Doctrine: Self-Deification and Usurpation of God’s Temple
Original: ἀντικείμενος καὶ ὑπεραιρόμενος
Category: Eschatology
NEW. Descriptive phrasing with low collision risk, but the self-deifying pride must be kept sharp, not softened to mere arrogance. Used at 2:4.
Object Of Worship
Approved rendering: ਪੂਜਾ ਦੀ ਵਸਤੂ
Transliteration: Pooja di vastu
Doctrine: Self-Deification and Usurpation of God’s Temple
Original: σέβασμα
Category: Sin
NEW. Uses the generic South Asian worship-word ਪੂਜਾ, contextually apt here since Paul describes rival illegitimate objects of worship — a case where the generic devotional term correctly denotes idolatrous veneration. Used at 2:4.
Mystery Of Lawlessness
Approved rendering: ਬੇਕਾਨੂੰਨੀ ਦਾ ਭੇਦ
Transliteration: Bekanuni da bhed
Doctrine: The Restraining of Lawlessness
Original: τὸ μυστήριον τῆς ἀνομίας
Category: Eschatology
NEW. ਭੇਦ is the standard Punjabi Bible word for a revelatory theological “mystery” (paralleling “mystery of godliness/Christ”). Used at 2:7.
Satan
Approved rendering: ਸ਼ੈਤਾਨ
Transliteration: Shaitan
Doctrine: Satanic Deception and False Signs and Wonders
Original: Σατανᾶς
Category: Sin
NEW. Widely recognized Perso-Arabic-origin term across Punjabi Islamic, Christian, and folk usage for the adversary; established, low collision risk in Christian usage. Used at 2:9, 3:3 (“the evil one”).
Misdirected Belief
Approved rendering: ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸ ਕਰਨਾ
Transliteration: Vishvas karna
Doctrine: Love of the Truth Leading to Salvation
Rejected alternatives: ਨਿਹਚਾ (as the verb here)
Original: πιστεῦσαι τῷ ψεύδει
Category: Faith
NEW. Uses the verb ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸ ਕਰਨਾ rather than the TM noun ਨਿਹਚਾ, to keep belief directed at a lie (2:11) distinct from saving faith. Translator note required clarifying this is not ਨਿਹਚਾ in the saving sense.
From Presence Of The Lord
Approved rendering: ਪ੍ਰਭੂ ਦੀ ਹਜ਼ੂਰੀ ਤੋਂ
Transliteration: Prabhu di hazoori ton
Doctrine: God’s Righteous Judgment
Original: ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ κυρίου
Category: Judgment
NEW. ਹਜ਼ੂਰੀ carries respectful courtly/devotional register (also used in some Sikh contexts, e.g. Hazur Sahib); low collision risk since the theological point (exclusion from it) is unambiguous. Used at 1:9.
Stand Firm Hold Fast
Approved rendering: ਖੜ੍ਹੇ ਰਹੋ ਅਤੇ ਫੜੀ ਰੱਖੋ
Transliteration: Kharhe raho ate fharhi rakho
Doctrine: Standing Firm in the Traditions
Original: στήκετε καὶ κρατεῖτε
Category: Covenant
NEW. Directly paired imperative following ਪਰੰਪਰਾ; the decisive, resolute command force must be preserved, not softened into passive habit. Used at 2:15.
Faithful Of God
Approved rendering: ਵਫ਼ਾਦਾਰ
Transliteration: Wafadar
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Authentication of Teaching
Original: πιστός (ὁ κύριος)
Category: God
NEW. Describes God’s own reliability (“the Lord is faithful,” 3:3); distinct from TM ਨਿਹਚਾ (human trust), though both trace to the same Greek πιστ- root family — flag this relationship in translator notes even though renderings differ.
The Evil One
Approved rendering: ਦੁਸ਼ਟ / ਸ਼ੈਤਾਨ
Transliteration: Dusht / Shaitan
Doctrine: Satanic Deception and False Signs and Wonders
Original: ὁ πονηρός
Category: Sin
NEW. Context determines whether “the evil one” (Satan) or evil people generically is meant (3:3); translator note should specify which sense applies.
Disorderly Conduct
Approved rendering: ਬੇਤਰਤੀਬ ਚਾਲ
Transliteration: Betartib chaal
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Community Order
Original: ἀτάκτως / ἀταξία
Category: Ethics
NEW. Disorderly, undisciplined conduct — idleness/refusal to work and living off others’ labor while meddling in others’ affairs. Used at 3:6-7, 3:11.
Quietness Everyday
Approved rendering: ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ
Transliteration: Shanti
Doctrine: Honest Labor and Community Order
Original: ἡσυχία
Category: Ethics
NEW (distinct sense reuse of TM ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ). Everyday, settled, orderly living (3:12), not the salvific relational peace of 1:2/3:16. Translator note required to prevent readers from importing the weightier theological sense into this everyday-ethics context.
Low Risk Terms
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: ਧੰਨਵਾਦ
Transliteration: dhanvad
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Inherited from Romans package. Used at 1:3 and 2:13.
Exhort
Approved rendering: ਉਤਸ਼ਾਹਿਤ ਕਰਨਾ
Transliteration: utshahit karna
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Inherited from Romans package. Used at 2:17 (comfort/establish) and thematically at 3:12.
Deceit
Approved rendering: ਧੋਖਾ
Transliteration: Dhokha
Doctrine: Satanic Deception and False Signs and Wonders
Original: ἀπάτη
Category: Sin
NEW. Everyday, non-technical word for deceit; safe. Used at 2:10.
The Lie
Approved rendering: ਝੂਠ
Transliteration: Jhooth
Doctrine: The Man of Lawlessness
Original: τὸ ψεῦδος
Category: Sin
NEW. Standard, unambiguous word for the specific falsehood at the heart of the deception (the lawless one’s self-deification claim). Used at 2:11.
Tribulation
Approved rendering: ਬਿਪਤਾ
Transliteration: Bipata
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution
Original: θλῖψις
Category: Suffering
NEW. Standard Bible-translation word for affliction/tribulation. Used at 1:4, 1:6.
Persecution
Approved rendering: ਸਤਾਹਟ
Transliteration: Sataahat
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution
Original: διωγμός
Category: Suffering
NEW. Standard term for hostile pursuit/harassment on account of faith. Used at 1:4.
Angels
Approved rendering: ਦੂਤ
Transliteration: Doot
Doctrine: The Day of the Lord
Original: ἄγγελοι
Category: Eschatology
NEW. Reserved for actual angelic beings only, never applied loosely to human messengers (baseline reserves ਰਸੂਲ for apostle, never ਦੂਤ). Used at 1:7.
Love General
Approved rendering: ਪਿਆਰ
Transliteration: Pyar
Doctrine: Perseverance under Persecution
Rejected alternatives: ਪ੍ਰੇਮ
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Faith
NEW. Standard default Punjabi Christian word for love; ਪ੍ਰੇਮ carries stronger bhakti/Krishna-devotional resonance and is not preferred. Used at 1:3.
Letter Epistole
Approved rendering: ਪੱਤਰ
Transliteration: Patar
Doctrine: The Word of the Lord and Its Advance
Original: ἐπιστολή
Category: Covenant
NEW. Standard, unambiguous word for a written letter; in 2:2 a forged/misattributed letter claiming Pauline authority, directly relevant to Standing Firm in the Traditions (cf. 3:17).
Authenticating Sign
Approved rendering: ਨਿਸ਼ਾਨ
Transliteration: Nishan
Doctrine: The Word of the Lord and Its Advance
Original: σημεῖον (ἐν πάσῃ ἐπιστολῇ)
Category: Covenant
NEW. Paul’s own handwriting as the authenticating mark of a genuine letter (3:17), guarding against the counterfeit letters warned of in 2:2. Carries a minor secondary association with the Sikh Nishan Sahib flag, but in this everyday “authenticating mark” sense the collision risk is low.
Meddling Busybody
Approved rendering: ਦੂਜਿਆਂ ਦੇ ਕੰਮਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਦਖਲ ਦੇਣ ਵਾਲੇ
Transliteration: Doojiyan de kammaan vich dakhal den wale
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Community Order
Original: περιεργαζομένους
Category: Ethics
NEW. Greek wordplay (ἐργαζομένους/περιεργαζομένους, “working”/“meddling”) cannot be reproduced in Punjabi; flag as a lost literary feature, not a doctrinal loss. Used at 3:11.
Honest Work
Approved rendering: ਕੰਮ ਕਰਨਾ
Transliteration: Kaam karna
Doctrine: Honest Labor and Community Order
Original: ἐργάζεσθαι
Category: Ethics
NEW — OPPORTUNITY. Resonates positively with the Sikh ethical pillar of ਕਿਰਤ ਕਰਨੀ (kirat karni, honest labor), one of the Three Pillars of Sikh practice. Genuine shared moral ground, usable as a natural cultural bridge similar to ਸੰਗਤ in the baseline. Used at 3:8, 3:10, 3:12.
Church Admonishment
Approved rendering: ਸਮਝਾਉਣਾ
Transliteration: Samjhauna
Doctrine: Church Discipline and Community Order
Original: νουθετεῖτε
Category: Church
NEW. Corrective, relational instruction — discipline of the disorderly believer as a brother (3:14-15), not exclusion as an enemy.
Referenced passages