Core Glossary
Core Glossary — 1 Timothy (Punjabi)
This glossary registers every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, drawn from all six chapters of 1 Timothy. Terms marked [BASELINE] are already fixed in the Romans translation_memory.json and MUST be reused exactly with no deviation. Terms marked [NEW] are proposed additions for this curriculum’s translation memory, pending theologian sign-off per the Phase 1/Phase 2 workflow.
Section A — Reused Baseline Terms Appearing in 1 Timothy
| English Term | Punjabi | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine Link | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ | Parmeshar | Critical | One Mediator; multiple | [BASELINE] |
| Jesus | ਯਿਸੂ | Yisu | Critical | Christ as One Mediator | [BASELINE] |
| Christ / Messiah | ਮਸੀਹ | Masih | Critical | multiple | [BASELINE] |
| Lord | ਪ੍ਰਭੂ | Prabhu | Critical | Lordship of Christ (6:15) | [BASELINE] |
| Holy Spirit | ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਆਤਮਾ | Pavittar Atma | Critical | Deity of Christ (3:16) | [BASELINE] |
| Grace | ਕਿਰਪਾ | Kirpa | High | multiple (1:2, 1:14, 6:21) | [BASELINE] |
| Faith | ਨਿਹਚਾ | Nihcha | High | Sound Doctrine; multiple | [BASELINE] |
| Righteousness | ਧਾਰਮਿਕਤਾ | Dharmikta | Critical | Godliness virtue list (6:11) | [BASELINE] |
| Salvation | ਮੁਕਤੀ | Mukti | Critical | 2:15, 4:16 (mandatory gloss applies) | [BASELINE] |
| Church | ਮੰਡਲੀ | Mandli | Medium | Pillar of Truth (3:15) | [BASELINE] |
| Law | ਬਿਵਸਥਾ | Bivastha | High | Sound Doctrine (1:8-9) | [BASELINE] |
| Sin | ਪਾਪ | Pap | High | Church Leadership (5:20) | [BASELINE] |
| Glory | ਮਹਿਮਾ | Mahima | High | 1:11, 1:17, 3:16 | [BASELINE] |
| Holy | ਪਵਿੱਤਰ | Pavittar | Medium | 5:22 | [BASELINE] |
| Sanctification | ਪਵਿੱਤਰੀਕਰਨ | Pavittarikaran | High | (implicit background) | [BASELINE] |
| Gospel | ਖੁਸ਼ਖਬਰੀ | Khushkhabri | High | 1:11 | [BASELINE] |
| Prophecy | ਭਵਿੱਖਬਾਣੀ | Bhavikhbani | Low | 1:18, 4:14 | [BASELINE] |
| Gentiles / Nations | ਪਰਾਈਆਂ ਕੌਮਾਂ | Paraiyan kaumaan | Medium | 2:7, 3:16 | [BASELINE] |
| Intercession | ਵਿਚੋਲਗੀ | Vicholgi | Medium | 2:1 (root of new “mediator” term) | [BASELINE] |
| Thanksgiving | ਧੰਨਵਾਦ | Dhanvad | Low | 2:1 | [BASELINE] |
| Spiritual Gifts | ਆਤਮਿਕ ਦਾਤਾਂ | Atmik daatan | Medium | 4:14 | [BASELINE] |
| Mission | ਪਰਚਾਰ | Prachar | Medium | 3:16 | [BASELINE] |
| Called | ਸੱਦਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ | Saddiya hoya | High | 6:12 | [BASELINE] |
Section B — New Terms Introduced by 1 Timothy
| English Term | Greek | Punjabi | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Alternatives Rejected | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sound doctrine | ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία | ਖਰੀ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ | khari sikhya | High | Sound Doctrine vs. False Teaching | — | ਖਰਾ conveys genuineness/purity without religious loading; ਸਿੱਖਿਆ is the standard generic Punjabi word for “teaching/instruction” |
| Teaching / doctrine | διδασκαλία | ਸਿੱਖਿਆ | sikhya | Medium | Sound Doctrine vs. False Teaching | — | Shares an etymological root with “Sikh” (ਸਿੱਖ, “learner/disciple”); this is a linguistic curiosity for translator awareness, not a doctrinal collision — the word is standard, secular, and unavoidable everyday Punjabi vocabulary |
| Different/false doctrine | ἑτεροδιδασκαλέω | ਵੱਖਰੀ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ | vakhri sikhya | High | Sound Doctrine vs. False Teaching | ਝੂਠੀ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ (reserved for general “false teaching”) | 1:3; 6:3 |
| Myths (and genealogies) | μῦθοι | ਕਹਾਣੀਆਂ | kahaniyan | Medium | Sound Doctrine vs. False Teaching | ਮਿਥਿਹਾਸ | ਮਿਥਿਹਾਸ carries strong Hindu Puranic-mythology associations; avoided |
| Godliness | εὐσέβεια | ਭਗਤੀ | bhagti | High (mandatory gloss) | Godliness and Contentment | — | RETAINED WITH MANDATORY GLOSS, on the model of ਮੁਕਤੀ. Collides with Hindu bhakti devotionalism and the Sikh Bhagat tradition (poet-saints canonized in the Guru Granth Sahib). Christian ਭਗਤੀ is reverent, Christ-centered living from grace already received, not a devotional path or membership among the historic Bhagats. |
| Contentment | αὐτάρκεια | ਸਬਰ | sabar | High | Godliness and Contentment | ਸੰਤੋਖ | ਸੰਤੋਖ is one of the Sikh Panj Gun (Five Virtues: Sat, Santokh, Daya, Nimrata, Pyar), tightly bound to submission to Waheguru’s Hukam; ਸਬਰ is a religiously neutral loanword avoiding that specific framework |
| Love of money | φιλαργυρία | ਧਨ ਦਾ ਲੋਭ | dhan da lobh | High | Godliness and Contentment | ਮਾਇਆ ਦਾ ਲੋਭ | ਮਾਇਆ is the foundational Sikh/Hindu cosmological category of illusion/worldly attachment veiling the soul from God; using it would import an entire metaphysical framework into a straightforward ethical warning against greed |
| Wealth / money | (generic, e.g. 6:17) | ਧਨ | dhan | Medium | Godliness and Contentment | ਮਾਇਆ | Neutral term for material wealth; kept distinct from ਧੰਨ (“blessed”) and ਮਾਇਆ |
| Mercy | ἔλεος | ਰਹਮ | raham | High | (paired with Grace throughout) | ਦਯਾ | ਦਯਾ is one of the Sikh Panj Gun (Daya); ਰਹਮ is a neutral Perso-Arabic loanword |
| Mediator | μεσίτης | ਵਿਚੋਲਾ | vichola | Critical | Christ as the One Mediator | — | Must render “ਇੱਕੋ ਵਿਚੋਲਾ” (the one/only mediator) in every load-bearing occurrence (2:5); confronts Guru-mediated access structures and Sant/dera intercessory practice |
| One God | εἷς θεός | ਇੱਕੋ ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ | ikko Parmeshar | Critical | Christ as the One Mediator | — | OPPORTUNITY: resonates with Sikhism’s own Ik Onkar confession; must be paired with “ਇੱਕੋ ਵਿਚੋਲਾ” |
| Ransom | ἀντίλυτρον | ਰਿਹਾਈ ਦੀ ਕੀਮਤ | rihai di kimat | High | Christ as the One Mediator | ਛੁਟਕਾਰੇ ਦਾ ਮੁੱਲ | Distinct theological moment from ਮੁਕਤੀ itself (the price paid vs. the resulting state) |
| Savior (title) | σωτήρ | ਮੁਕਤੀਦਾਤਾ | muktidata | High (mandatory gloss inherited) | multiple (1:1, 2:3, 4:10) | — | Built on the ਮੁਕਤੀ root; inherits its mandatory Sikh/Christian mukti-distinction gloss whenever load-bearing |
| Knowledge of the truth | ἐπίγνωσις ἀληθείας | ਸੱਚ ਦਾ ਗਿਆਨ | sach da gyan | High | Sound Doctrine; Christ as One Mediator | — | Context-sensitive across the letter: positive, saving sense at 2:4 vs. deliberately negative “falsely called” sense at 6:20 (see below); ਗਿਆਨ is central to both Hindu jnana-marga and Gurbani gyan vocabulary — must never imply salvation attained through accumulated wisdom/meditation |
| Knowledge, falsely called | ψευδώνυμος γνῶσις | ਝੂਠਾ ਗਿਆਨ | jhootha gyan | High | Guarding the Deposit of Faith | — | Companion entry to 2:4’s ਗਿਆਨ; deliberately negative valence (6:20); glossary must record both senses |
| Overseer / Bishop | ἐπίσκοπος / ἐπισκοπή | ਨਿਗਾਹਬਾਨ / ਨਿਗਾਹਬਾਨੀ | nigahban / nigahbani | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | ਗੁਰੂ (forbidden) | 3:1-2; must never drift toward ਗੁਰੂ; introduce with a functional gloss |
| Deacon | διάκονος | ਸੇਵਕ | sevak | High (mandatory gloss) | Qualifications for Church Leadership | ਡੀਕਨ (transliteration, considered but not adopted) | Shares root with ਸੇਵਾ, the central Sikh concept of selfless communal service (langar, sevadars); requires a gloss distinguishing this examined, appointed office (3:10) from general devotional seva |
| Elder | πρεσβύτερος | ਬਜ਼ੁਰਗ | buzurg | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership; Care for Widows | — | Dual-sense word (generic “older person” in 5:1 vs. formal office in 5:17,19); disambiguate with explanatory phrasing where the office sense is intended |
| Council of elders | πρεσβυτέριον | ਬਜ਼ੁਰਗਾਂ ਦੀ ਸਭਾ | buzurgan di sabha | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 4:14 |
| Mystery | μυστήριον | ਭੇਤ | bhet | Medium | Sound Doctrine; Church as Pillar of Truth | — | Must be distinguished from esoteric gnosis reserved for initiates; this is publicly proclaimed revealed truth (3:9, 3:16) |
| Mystery of the faith | τὸ μυστήριον τῆς πίστεως | ਨਿਹਚਾ ਦਾ ਭੇਤ | nihcha da bhet | High | Sound Doctrine; Guarding the Deposit of Faith | — | 3:9 |
| Mystery of godliness | τὸ τῆς εὐσεβείας μυστήριον | ਭਗਤੀ ਦਾ ਭੇਤ | bhagti da bhet | High | Church as Pillar of Truth | — | 3:16, opens the creedal hymn |
| Household of God | οἶκος θεοῦ | ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਘਰ | Parmeshar da ghar | Medium | Church as Pillar of Truth; Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 3:15; deliberately shares root ਘਰ with the household-management qualification of 3:4-5 |
| Pillar | στῦλος | ਥੰਮ੍ਹ | thamh | Medium | Church as Pillar of Truth | — | 3:15 |
| Foundation / bulwark | ἑδραίωμα | ਨੀਂਹ | neenh | Medium | Church as Pillar of Truth | — | 3:15; reused for the “good foundation” of 6:19 |
| Truth | ἀλήθεια | ਸੱਚ | sach | Medium | Church as Pillar of Truth | — | 3:15; keep vocabulary family consistent with ਖਰੀ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ |
| Manifested in the flesh | ἐφανερώθη ἐν σαρκί | ਦੇਹ ਵਿੱਚ ਪਰਗਟ ਹੋਇਆ | deh vich pargat hoia | Critical | Incarnation (baseline doctrine, extended) | ਅਵਤਾਰ (forbidden) | 3:16; reuses ਦੇਹਧਾਰਨ concept and its mandatory Sikh/Hindu theological bridge |
| Vindicated in the Spirit | ἐδικαιώθη ἐν πνεύματι | ਆਤਮਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਹੀ ਠਹਿਰਾਇਆ ਗਿਆ | atma vich sahi thehraya gaya | Critical | Deity of Christ (baseline, extended) | — | 3:16; reuses justification-root vocabulary |
| Taken up in glory | ἀνελήμφθη ἐν δόξῃ | ਮਹਿਮਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਵਰਗ ਨੂੰ ਉੱਠਾਇਆ ਗਿਆ | mahima vich sawarg nu utthaiya gaya | Critical | Resurrection/Ascension (baseline, extended) | — | 3:16; must not be framed as a liberated soul’s ascent/merger with the divine |
| Widow | χήρα | ਵਿਧਵਾ | vidhva | Low | Care for Widows | — | ch. 5 throughout |
| Household of faith | οἰκεῖος τῆς πίστεως | ਨਿਹਚਾ ਦਾ ਪਰਿਵਾਰ | nihcha da parivar | Medium | Care for Widows and the Household of Faith | — | 5:8 |
| Deposit (entrusted) | παραθήκη | ਅਮਾਨਤ | amanat | High | Guarding the Deposit of Faith | ਸੌਂਪਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ ਖ਼ਜ਼ਾਨਾ | 6:20; Perso-Arabic loanword for a sacred trust to be guarded intact, low collision risk, high precision |
| Good confession | καλὴ ὁμολογία | ਚੰਗਾ ਇਕਰਾਰ | changa ikrar | Medium | Guarding the Deposit of Faith | — | 6:12-13 |
| Trustworthy saying (formula) | πιστὸς ὁ λόγος | ਇਹ ਬਚਨ ਭਰੋਸੇਯੋਗ ਹੈ | ih bachan bharosayog hai | Medium | Sound Doctrine (recurring formula) | — | 1:15; 3:1; 4:9 — render identically every occurrence |
| Hope | ἐλπίς | ਉਮੀਦ | umeed | Medium | (background to all doctrines) | — | 1:1; confident, Christ-grounded expectation, not fatalistic resignation |
| Conscience | συνείδησις | ਜ਼ਮੀਰ | zamir | Medium | Sound Doctrine; Qualifications for Church Leadership | ਅੰਤਹਕਰਣ | ਅੰਤਹਕਰਣ imports Vedantic/Samkhya inner-faculty psychology; ਜ਼ਮੀਰ is a neutral, widely used loanword |
| Conceit / puffed up | τυφωθείς | ਹੰਕਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਫੁੱਲ ਜਾਣਾ | hankar vich phull jana | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 3:6; genuine point of ethical overlap with Sikh teaching against haumai/hankar, though the remedy (grace, not self-effort) differs |
| Devil / Satan | διάβολος / Σατανᶐς | ਸ਼ੈਤਾਨ | Shaitan | Low-Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 1:20; 3:6-7; 5:15 — established loanword |
| Slanderers | διάβολοι (adj.) | ਨਿੰਦਿਆ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ | nindia karan valian | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 3:11; same root as “the devil,” different grammatical role |
| Faithful (character trait) | πιστός (of persons/character) | ਵਫ਼ਾਦਾਰ | wafadaar | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 3:11; deliberately distinct from ਨਿਹਚਾ (saving faith) |
| Boldness / confidence | παρρησία | ਦਲੇਰੀ | daleri | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership; Assurance | — | 3:13 |
| Modesty | αἰδώς | ਸ਼ਰਮ-ਹਯਾ | sharam-haya | Medium | Public Worship and Prayer | ਨਿਮਰਤਾ | ਨਿਮਰਤਾ is a distinct Sikh Panj Gun virtue (humility); not the specific decorum sense intended |
| Quietness (worship conduct) | ἡσυχία | ਖ਼ਾਮੋਸ਼ੀ | khamoshi | High | Public Worship and Prayer | ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ | ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ is already fixed for “peace” (εἰρήνη) in the baseline; a different Punjabi word is required here to avoid conflation |
| Submission | ὑποταγή | ਅਧੀਨਗੀ | adheenagi | Medium | Public Worship and Prayer | — | 2:11; primarily a pastoral-sensitivity flag rather than vocabulary collision |
| Teacher (generic) | διδάσκαλος | ਉਸਤਾਦ | ustaad | Medium | Public Worship and Prayer | ਗੁਰੂ (forbidden) | 2:7; distinct from ਰਸੂਲ (apostle, baseline) |
| Man of God | ἄνθρωπος τοῦ θεοῦ | ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਮਨੁੱਖ | Parmeshar da manukkh | Medium | Godliness and Contentment | — | 6:11; caution against Sant/Baba-honorific overtones |
| Eternal life | ζωὴ αἰώνιος | ਸਦੀਪਕ ਜੀਵਨ | sadeepak jivan | Medium | Guarding the Deposit of Faith; (Salvation) | — | 6:12, 19; not an inherent property of the soul |
| Appearing (of Christ) | ἐπιφάνεια | ਪਰਗਟ ਹੋਣਾ | pargat hona | Medium | Christ as the One Mediator | — | 6:14; shares root with “Prakash” (ceremonial revealing of Guru Granth Sahib) — note for translator awareness |
| Immortality | ἀθανασία | ਅਮਰਤਾ | amarta | Critical | Christ as the One Mediator (God’s unique nature) | — | 6:16; belongs to God alone, not shared with an inherently eternal soul |
| Unapproachable light | φῶς ἀπρόσιτον | ਅਪਹੁੰਚ ਚਾਨਣ | apahunch chanan | Critical | Christ as the One Mediator | ਜੋਤ (forbidden) | 6:16; NEVER ਜੋਤ, per the baseline’s existing caution under “glory” regarding the Sikh doctrine of the Guru-transmitted divine light |
| Good fight of faith | καλὸς ἀγὼν τῆς πίστεως | ਨਿਹਚਾ ਦੀ ਚੰਗੀ ਲੜਾਈ | nihcha di changi larhai | High | Guarding the Deposit of Faith | — | 1:18; 6:12; martial metaphor requires the same caution as ਧਾਰਮਿਕਤਾ’s ਧਰਮ ਯੁੱਧ note in the baseline |
| Sober-minded | νηφάλιος | ਸੰਜਮੀ | sanjami | Low | Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 3:2, 3:11 |
| Self-controlled | σώφρων | ਸਮਝਦਾਰ | samajhdaar | Low | Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 3:2 |
| Respectable | κόσμιος | ਸਲੀਕੇਦਾਰ | salikedaar | Low | Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 3:2 |
| Hospitable | φιλόξενος | ਪਰਾਹੁਣਚਾਰੀ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲਾ | parahunchari karan vala | Low (opportunity) | Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 3:2; positive cultural bridge term |
| Above reproach / blameless | ἀνεπίλημπτος / ἀνέγκλητος | ਨਿਰਦੋਸ਼ | nirdosh | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 3:2, 3:10 |
| Husband of one wife | μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα | ਇੱਕ ਪਤਨੀ ਦਾ ਪਤੀ | ikk patni da pati | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 3:2, 3:12; underlying interpretive range flagged for theologian review |
| Manage household well | οἴκου καλῶς προϊστάμενον | ਆਪਣੇ ਘਰ ਦੀ ਚੰਗੀ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੇਖ-ਭਾਲ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲਾ | apne ghar di changi tarhan dekh-bhal karan vala | High | Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 3:4-5, 3:12; preserves link to ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਘਰ (3:15) |
| Dignity | σεμνότης | ਗੰਭੀਰਤਾ | gambhirta | Low | Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 3:4, 3:8, 3:11; 2:2 |
| Recent convert | νεόφυτος | ਨਵਾਂ ਨਿਹਚਾਵਾਨ | nava nihchavan | Low | Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 3:6 |
| Double-tongued | δίλογος | ਦੂਹਰੀ ਜ਼ੁਬਾਨ ਵਾਲਾ | doohri zuban vala | Low | Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 3:8 |
| Testing / examination | δοκιμάζω | ਪਰਖਿਆ ਜਾਵੇ | parkhia jave | Low-Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 3:10 |
| Standing (good) | βαθμὸς καλός | ਚੰਗਾ ਦਰਜਾ | changa darja | Low-Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 3:13 |
| Doctrines of demons | διδασκαλίαι δαιμονίων | ਭੂਤਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਸਿੱਖਿਆਵਾਂ | bhootan diyan sikhyavan | High | Sound Doctrine vs. False Teaching | — | 4:1 |
| Training in godliness | γυμνάζω πρὸς εὐσέβειαν | ਭਗਤੀ ਲਈ ਅਭਿਆਸ ਕਰਨਾ | bhagti lai abhiyas karna | Medium | Godliness and Contentment | — | 4:7-8; ਅਭਿਆਸ parallels Naam-abhiyas vocabulary — bridge, not collision, if framed as flowing from grace already given |
| Example / pattern | τύπος | ਨਮੂਨਾ | namoona | Low | (Christ-Centered Ministry background) | — | 4:12 |
| Laying on of hands | ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν | ਹੱਥ ਰੱਖਣਾ | hath rakhna | Medium | Qualifications for Church Leadership | — | 4:14; 5:22 |
| Honor / double honor | τιμή / διπλῆ τιμή | ਆਦਰ / ਦੂਹਰਾ ਆਦਰ | aadar / doohra aadar | Low-Medium | Care for Widows | — | 5:3, 5:17 |
| Bondservant / slave | δοῦλος | ਗ਼ੁਲਾਮ | ghulam | Medium | (social ethics background) | — | 6:1; handle with caste-sensitivity caution |
Section C — Cross-Reference: Terms Requiring Mandatory Clarifying Gloss
Following the baseline’s precedent for ਮੁਕਤੀ, the following terms require a mandatory clarifying gloss on every doctrinally load-bearing occurrence:
| Term | Punjabi | Required Gloss Content |
|---|---|---|
| Salvation | ਮੁਕਤੀ | Distinguish decisive, once-for-all reconciliation with a personal God through Christ from Sikh release from ਆਵਾਗਵਣ through Guru-mediated grace and Naam-simran (per baseline). |
| Godliness | ਭਗਤੀ | Distinguish reverent, Christ-centered living flowing from grace already received from Hindu bhakti devotionalism and the Sikh Bhagat poet-saint tradition canonized in the Guru Granth Sahib. |
| Savior (as title) | ਮੁਕਤੀਦਾਤਾ | Inherits the ਮੁਕਤੀ gloss whenever used as a divine title in a load-bearing doctrinal statement. |
| Knowledge of the truth | ਗਿਆਨ (2:4 sense) | Distinguish relational recognition of gospel truth granted by grace from Hindu jnana-marga or Gurbani gyan attained through meditative/intellectual practice. |
Section D — Forbidden Substitutions Specific to 1 Timothy (in addition to baseline list)
| Concept | NEVER use | ALWAYS use instead | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|
| Contentment | ਸੰਤੋਖ | ਸਬਰ | Sikh Panj Gun (Five Virtues) collision |
| Love of money / wealth | ਮਾਇਆ | ਧਨ | Sikh/Hindu illusion-metaphysics collision |
| Mercy | ਦਯਾ | ਰਹਮ | Sikh Panj Gun (Five Virtues) collision |
| Modesty (worship conduct) | ਨਿਮਰਤਾ | ਸ਼ਰਮ-ਹਯਾ | Sikh Panj Gun (Five Virtues) collision (distinct virtue: humility) |
| Unapproachable light (6:16) | ਜੋਤ | ਚਾਨਣ | Sikh doctrine of Guru-transmitted divine light (per baseline’s “glory” note) |
| Overseer / teacher roles | ਗੁਰੂ | ਨਿਗਾਹਬਾਨ / ਉਸਤਾਦ | Reserved Sikh title for the Ten Gurus and Guru Granth Sahib (per baseline) |
| Quietness in worship (2:11-12) | ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ | ਖ਼ਾਮੋਸ਼ੀ | Already fixed for “peace” (εἰρήνη) in baseline; avoid conflation |
Critical Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ
Transliteration: Parmeshar
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator / God’s Sovereignty and Eternal Nature
Rejected alternatives: ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ, ਭਗਵਾਨ
Original: θεός / אֱלֹהִים / יהוה
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Central to 1 Timothy 2:5’s ‘one God’ (ਇੱਕੋ ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ) and 1:17/6:15-16’s sovereignty doxologies.
Father
Approved rendering: ਪਿਤਾ
Transliteration: Pita
Doctrine: Grace and Mercy toward Sinners
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Timothy 1:2’s greeting: grace, mercy, peace from God the Father.
Jesus
Approved rendering: ਯਿਸੂ
Transliteration: Yisu
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Rejected alternatives: ਈਸਾ
Original: Ἰησοῦς / יֵשׁוּעַ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package.
Messiah
Approved rendering: ਮਸੀਹ
Transliteration: Masih
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package.
Lord
Approved rendering: ਪ੍ਰਭੂ
Transliteration: Prabhu
Doctrine: God’s Sovereignty and Eternal Nature
Rejected alternatives: ਮਾਲਕ, ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Timothy 6:15’s ‘Lord of lords’ (ਪ੍ਰਭੂਆਂ ਦਾ ਪ੍ਰਭੂ).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਆਤਮਾ
Transliteration: Pavittar Atma
Doctrine: Incarnation and Exaltation of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ਬ੍ਰਹਮ, ਜੋਤ
Original: πνεῦμα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Timothy 3:16 ‘vindicated in the Spirit’; 4:1 ‘the Spirit says’.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: ਧਾਰਮਿਕਤਾ
Transliteration: dharmikta
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Rejected alternatives: ਧਰਮ, ਨਿਆਂ
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Part of the 6:11 virtue list pursued alongside godliness; NEVER ਧਰਮ.
Salvation
Approved rendering: ਮੁਕਤੀ
Transliteration: mukti
Doctrine: The Universal Saving Will of God
Rejected alternatives: ਨਿਰਵਾਣ, ਮੋਖ, ਛੁਟਕਾਰਾ
Original: σωτηρία / σῴζω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Mandatory Sikh/Christian mukti-distinction gloss required at every doctrinally load-bearing occurrence, especially the disputed 2:15 ‘saved through childbearing’ and 4:16.
Mediator
Approved rendering: ਵਿਚੋਲਾ
Transliteration: vichola
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Original: μεσίτης
Category: Christology
2:5. MUST always render ‘ਇੱਕੋ ਵਿਚੋਲਾ’ (the one/only mediator) in every doctrinally load-bearing occurrence; never bare ਵਿਚੋਲਾ. Confronts Guru-mediated access to Waheguru and the multiplicity of intercessory Sants/Babas/deras. Also carries an everyday marriage-go-between sense — awareness only, not a substitute for doctrinal precision.
One God
Approved rendering: ਇੱਕੋ ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ
Transliteration: ikko Parmeshar
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Original: εἷς θεός
Category: God
2:5. OPPORTUNITY: resonates with Ik Onkar, but must always be paired with ‘ਇੱਕੋ ਵਿਚੋਲਾ’ so Christ’s unique mediatorship is never left implicit.
Manifested In Flesh
Approved rendering: ਦੇਹ ਵਿੱਚ ਪਰਗਟ ਹੋਇਆ
Transliteration: deh vich pargat hoia
Doctrine: Incarnation and Exaltation of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ਅਵਤਾਰ
Original: ἐφανερώθη ἐν σαρκί
Category: Christology
3:16. Extends the baseline Incarnation doctrine. NEVER ਅਵਤਾਰ. Double audience risk: Hindu-heritage avatar-descent import; Sikh-heritage rejection of embodiment as incompatible with ਨਿਰੰਕਾਰ. Requires the same theological bridge the baseline mandates.
Vindicated In Spirit
Approved rendering: ਆਤਮਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਹੀ ਠਹਿਰਾਇਆ ਗਿਆ
Transliteration: atma vich sahi thehraya gaya
Doctrine: Incarnation and Exaltation of Christ
Original: ἐδικαιώθη ἐν πνεύματι
Category: Christology
3:16. Extends the baseline’s forensic-declaration sense of justification, applied uniquely to Christ himself.
Taken Up In Glory
Approved rendering: ਮਹਿਮਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਵਰਗ ਨੂੰ ਉੱਠਾਇਆ ਗਿਆ
Transliteration: mahima vich sawarg nu utthaiya gaya
Doctrine: Incarnation and Exaltation of Christ
Original: ἀνελήμφθη ἐν δόξῃ
Category: Christology
3:16, climax of the hymn. Must not be framed through the lens of a liberated soul’s ascent/merger with the divine, a premise shared across South Asian traditions.
Immortality
Approved rendering: ਅਮਰਤਾ
Transliteration: amarta
Doctrine: God’s Sovereignty and Eternal Nature
Original: ἀθανασία
Category: God
6:16. Must be framed as belonging to God ALONE, not shared with an inherently eternal human soul, a premise common to Hindu and Sikh anthropology.
Unapproachable Light
Approved rendering: ਅਪਹੁੰਚ ਚਾਨਣ
Transliteration: apahunch chanan
Doctrine: God’s Sovereignty and Eternal Nature
Rejected alternatives: ਜੋਤ
Original: φῶς ἀπρόσιτον
Category: God
6:16. NEVER ਜੋਤ, per the baseline’s ‘glory’ caution regarding the Sikh doctrine of Guru-transmitted divine light. Use the neutral ਚਾਨਣ.
High Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: ਕਿਰਪਾ
Transliteration: kirpa
Doctrine: Grace and Mercy toward Sinners
Rejected alternatives: ਮੇਹਰ, ਕਰਮ ਦਾ ਫਲ
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Paired with ਰਹਮ (mercy) throughout 1 Timothy (1:2, 1:14, 6:21); source must remain explicitly Christ-centered, never Guru-mediated.
Faith
Approved rendering: ਨਿਹਚਾ
Transliteration: nihcha
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ਰਧਾ, ਸਿਦਕ
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Anchor term recurring across the letter (1:2, 1:5, 1:19, 3:9, 3:13, 4:1, 6:10, 6:12).
Law
Approved rendering: ਬਿਵਸਥਾ
Transliteration: bivastha
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: ਧਰਮ, ਸ਼ਰੀਅਤ
Original: νόμος
Category: Sound Doctrine
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Timothy 1:8-9’s discussion of the Law’s right use.
Sin
Approved rendering: ਪਾਪ
Transliteration: pap
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: ਅਧਰਮ
Original: ἁμαρτία / ἁμαρτάνω
Category: Sound Doctrine
Inherited from Romans package. Applied to Paul himself (1:15) and to persisting elders (5:20).
Glory
Approved rendering: ਮਹਿਮਾ
Transliteration: mahima
Doctrine: Incarnation and Exaltation of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ਜੋਤ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. 1:11, 1:17, and 3:16’s ‘taken up in glory’; NEVER ਜੋਤ.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: ਪਵਿੱਤਰੀਕਰਨ
Transliteration: pavittarikaran
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ੁੱਧੀਕਰਨ
Original: ἁγιασμός (implicit background)
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Background to the letter’s ethical instruction.
Gospel
Approved rendering: ਖੁਸ਼ਖਬਰੀ
Transliteration: khushkhabri
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ੁਭ ਸਮਾਚਾਰ
Inherited from Romans package. 1:11’s ‘the glorious gospel of the blessed God’.
Called
Approved rendering: ਸੱਦਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ
Transliteration: saddiya hoya
Doctrine: Perseverance in the Faith
Rejected alternatives: ਬੁਲਾਇਆ ਹੋਇਆ
Original: κλῆσις / καλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. 6:12’s effectual calling confirmed in the ‘good confession’.
Sound Doctrine
Approved rendering: ਖਰੀ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ
Transliteration: khari sikhya
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: ὑγιαίνουσα διδασκαλία
Category: Sound Doctrine
1:10, 6:3. Coined compound; anchoring term distinguishing apostolic teaching from ਵੱਖਰੀ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ amid Punjab’s many competing authoritative teaching traditions.
Different Doctrine
Approved rendering: ਵੱਖਰੀ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ
Transliteration: vakhri sikhya
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: ਝੂਠੀ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ
Original: ἑτεροδιδασκαλέω
Category: Sound Doctrine
1:3, 6:3. Reserved strictly for the technical heterodidaskaleō sense (outright departure from apostolic teaching), never denominational variety; ਝੂਠੀ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ reserved for general false-teaching references elsewhere.
Doctrines Of Demons
Approved rendering: ਭੂਤਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਸਿੱਖਿਆਵਾਂ
Transliteration: bhootan diyan sikhyavan
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: διδασκαλίαι δαιμονίων
Category: Sound Doctrine
4:1. The gravest category of false teaching named in the letter; must retain the strong supernatural warning, never softened to generic ‘bad ideas.‘
Godliness
Approved rendering: ਭਗਤੀ
Transliteration: bhagti
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: εὐσέβεια
Category: Godliness and Contentment
RETAINED WITH MANDATORY GLOSS, on the model of ਮੁਕਤੀ. Collides with Hindu bhakti devotionalism and the Sikh Bhagat poet-saint tradition canonized in the Guru Granth Sahib. Christian ਭਗਤੀ is reverent, Christ-centered living flowing from grace already received, not a devotional path or Bhagat-lineage membership. Occurs 2:2, 3:16, 4:7-8, 6:3, 6:5, 6:6, 6:11 — every occurrence requires the gloss.
Contentment
Approved rendering: ਸਬਰ
Transliteration: sabar
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Rejected alternatives: ਸੰਤੋਖ
Original: αὐτάρκεια
Category: Godliness and Contentment
6:6. NEVER ਸੰਤੋਖ, one of the Sikh Panj Gun (Five Virtues), tightly bound to submission to Waheguru’s Hukam. ਸਬਰ is a religiously neutral Perso-Arabic loanword.
Love Of Money
Approved rendering: ਧਨ ਦਾ ਲੋਭ
Transliteration: dhan da lobh
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Rejected alternatives: ਮਾਇਆ ਦਾ ਲੋਭ
Original: φιλαργυρία / ἀφιλάργυρος
Category: Godliness and Contentment
6:10; cf. 3:3’s ਅਫਿਲਾਰਗੁਰੋਸ. NEVER ਮਾਇਆ, the Sikh/Hindu cosmological illusion category; use the neutral ਧਨ.
Mercy
Approved rendering: ਰਹਮ
Transliteration: raham
Doctrine: Grace and Mercy toward Sinners
Rejected alternatives: ਦਯਾ
Original: ἔλεος
Category: Salvation
1:2, 1:13, 1:16. NEVER ਦਯਾ, one of the Sikh Panj Gun (Five Virtues). ਰਹਮ is a neutral Perso-Arabic loanword paired consistently with ਕਿਰਪਾ.
Ransom
Approved rendering: ਰਿਹਾਈ ਦੀ ਕੀਮਤ
Transliteration: rihai di kimat
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Rejected alternatives: ਛੁਟਕਾਰੇ ਦਾ ਮੁੱਲ
Original: ἀντίλυτρον
Category: Christology
2:6. Distinct theological moment from ਮੁਕਤੀ itself (the price paid vs. the resulting state).
Savior Title
Approved rendering: ਮੁਕਤੀਦਾਤਾ
Transliteration: muktidata
Doctrine: The Universal Saving Will of God
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Salvation
1:1, 2:3, 4:10. Built on the ਮੁਕਤੀ root; inherits its mandatory Sikh/Christian mukti-distinction gloss whenever load-bearing.
Knowledge Of Truth
Approved rendering: ਸੱਚ ਦਾ ਗਿਆਨ
Transliteration: sach da gyan
Doctrine: The Universal Saving Will of God
Original: ἐπίγνωσις ἀληθείας
Category: Salvation
2:4. ਗਿਆਨ is central to Hindu jnana-marga and Gurbani gyan vocabulary attained through meditative/intellectual practice; must be framed as relational recognition of gospel truth granted by grace. Context-sensitive against the deliberately negative 6:20 sense — see false_knowledge.
False Knowledge
Approved rendering: ਝੂਠਾ ਗਿਆਨ
Transliteration: jhootha gyan
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: ψευδώνυμος γνῶσις
Category: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
6:20. Deliberate opposite-valence companion to knowledge_of_truth (2:4); the negating ‘ਝੂਠਾ’ qualifier must never be dropped or paraphrased away.
Overseer
Approved rendering: ਨਿਗਾਹਬਾਨ
Transliteration: nigahban
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: ਗੁਰੂ, ਬਿਸ਼ਪ
Original: ἐπίσκοπος / ἐπισκοπή
Category: Church Leadership
3:1-2 (noun office form ਨਿਗਾਹਬਾਨੀ at 3:1). NEVER ਗੁਰੂ. ਬਿਸ਼ਪ (transliteration) rejected as importing hierarchical-denominational assumptions foreign to this letter’s local-congregation office. Requires mandatory functional gloss on first use: ‘ਕਲੀਸਿਯਾ ਦੀ ਦੇਖ-ਭਾਲ ਲਈ ਨਿਯੁਕਤ ਕੀਤਾ ਗਿਆ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ.‘
Deacon
Approved rendering: ਸੇਵਕ
Transliteration: sevak
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: ਡੀਕਨ
Original: διάκονος
Category: Church Leadership
3:8-13. RETAINED WITH MANDATORY GLOSS. Shares its root with ਸੇਵਾ, the central Sikh concept of selfless communal service (langar, sevadars). Requires a gloss distinguishing this examined, appointed office (3:10) from general devotional seva. ਡੀਕਨ (transliteration) rejected as opaque at the target reading level.
Elder
Approved rendering: ਬਜ਼ੁਰਗ
Transliteration: buzurg
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: πρεσβύτερος
Category: Church Leadership
Dual-sense: generic ‘older man/woman’ (5:1-2) vs. formal office (5:17, 19). Disambiguate the office sense with the fixed phrase ‘ਕਲੀਸਿਯਾ ਦੇ ਬਜ਼ੁਰਗ’ (elders of the congregation).
Council Of Elders
Approved rendering: ਬਜ਼ੁਰਗਾਂ ਦੀ ਸਭਾ
Transliteration: buzurgan di sabha
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: πρεσβυτέριον
Category: Church Leadership
4:14. Corporate authority behind Timothy’s commissioning; must not be confused with a Sant-led dera council or a village panchayat.
Mystery Of Faith
Approved rendering: ਨਿਹਚਾ ਦਾ ਭੇਤ
Transliteration: nihcha da bhet
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: τὸ μυστήριον τῆς πίστεως
Category: Sound Doctrine
3:9. Core phrase tying Sound Doctrine to Guarding the Deposit of Faith; render consistently across every curriculum document.
Mystery Of Godliness
Approved rendering: ਭਗਤੀ ਦਾ ਭੇਤ
Transliteration: bhagti da bhet
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: τὸ τῆς εὐσεβείας μυστήριον
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
3:16, opens the creedal hymn. Inherits both ਭੇਤ and ਭਗਤੀ mandatory-gloss ratings.
Deposit
Approved rendering: ਅਮਾਨਤ
Transliteration: amanat
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Rejected alternatives: ਸੌਂਪਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ ਖ਼ਜ਼ਾਨਾ
Original: παραθήκη
Category: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
6:20. Perso-Arabic loanword for ‘something entrusted for safekeeping’; low collision risk, high precision; no gloss required.
Good Fight Of Faith
Approved rendering: ਨਿਹਚਾ ਦੀ ਚੰਗੀ ਲੜਾਈ
Transliteration: nihcha di changi larhai
Doctrine: Perseverance in the Faith
Original: καλὸς ἀγὼν τῆς πίστεως / καλὴ στρατεία
Category: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
1:18 (as ਚੰਗੀ ਲੜਾਈ), 6:12. Martial imagery requires the same caution the baseline flags for ਧਰਮ ਯੁੱਧ; must be framed as spiritual perseverance, never physical or political struggle.
Quietness
Approved rendering: ਖ਼ਾਮੋਸ਼ੀ
Transliteration: khamoshi
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ
Original: ἡσυχία
Category: Public Worship and Prayer
2:11-12. NEVER ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ, already fixed for ‘peace’ (εἰρήνη). Also a pastorally sensitive gender-role passage requiring consistent teaching framing.
King Of The Ages
Approved rendering: ਸਦਾ ਦਾ ਰਾਜਾ, ਅਵਿਨਾਸ਼ੀ, ਅਦਿੱਖ
Transliteration: sada da raja, avinashi, adikkh
Doctrine: God’s Sovereignty and Eternal Nature
Original: βασιλεὺς τῶν αἰώνων, ἄφθαρτος, ἀόρατος
Category: God
1:17. ਅਵਿਨਾਸ਼ੀ (‘imperishable/immortal’) is also used of the human soul’s presumed eternality in Hindu/Sikh thought; frame as God’s unique, uncreated eternality, not a property shared with created souls.
Manage Household
Approved rendering: ਆਪਣੇ ਘਰ ਦੀ ਚੰਗੀ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੇਖ-ਭਾਲ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲਾ
Transliteration: apne ghar di changi tarhan dekh-bhal karan vala
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: οἴκου καλῶς προϊστάμενον
Category: Church Leadership
3:4-5, 3:12. Must preserve the shared ਘਰ root linking to ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਘਰ (3:15); losing this link severs a key structural argument.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: ਰਸੂਲ
Transliteration: rasul
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: ਗੁਰੂ, ਦੂਤ
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church Leadership
Inherited from Romans package. Paul’s self-designation (1:1, 2:7); never conflate with ਰਸੂਲ vs. the newly coined overseer/elder/deacon office titles, which are distinct offices.
Church
Approved rendering: ਮੰਡਲੀ
Transliteration: mandli
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Rejected alternatives: ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ, ਮੰਦਰ
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. 1 Timothy 3:5, 3:15 names the church ‘God’s household’ (ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਘਰ).
Holy
Approved rendering: ਪਵਿੱਤਰ
Transliteration: pavittar
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: ਸ਼ੁੱਧ
Original: ἅγιος / ἁγνός
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. 2:8 ‘holy hands’; 5:22 ‘keep yourself pure’.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: ਪਰਾਈਆਂ ਕੌਮਾਂ
Transliteration: paraiyan kaumaan
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Rejected alternatives: ਵਿਦੇਸ਼ੀ
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. 2:7’s ‘teacher of the Gentiles’; 3:16’s ‘proclaimed among the nations’.
Intercession
Approved rendering: ਵਿਚੋਲਗੀ
Transliteration: vicholgi
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: ἔντευξις
Category: Public Worship and Prayer
Inherited from Romans package. One of the four prayer-modes in 2:1; shares its root with the newly coined ਵਿਚੋਲਾ (mediator) — teach the semantic connection deliberately.
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: ਆਤਮਿਕ ਦਾਤਾਂ
Transliteration: atmik daatan
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: ਵਰ
Original: χάρισμα
Category: Church Leadership
Inherited from Romans package. 4:14’s charisma given through prophecy and the laying on of hands.
Mission
Approved rendering: ਪਰਚਾਰ
Transliteration: prachar
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: ἐκηρύχθη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. 3:16’s ‘proclaimed among the nations’ (ਪਰਚਾਰ ਕੀਤਾ ਗਿਆ).
Peace
Approved rendering: ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ
Transliteration: shanti
Doctrine: Grace and Mercy toward Sinners
Rejected alternatives: ਸਹਿਜ
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. 1:2’s greeting. FENCE: must never be reused for ਖ਼ਾਮੋਸ਼ੀ (quietness, 2:11-12), a distinct new term in this book.
Teaching Doctrine
Approved rendering: ਸਿੱਖਿਆ
Transliteration: sikhya
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: διδασκαλία
Category: Sound Doctrine
Generic ‘teaching/instruction’ used throughout. Shares an etymological root with ‘Sikh’ (ਸਿੱਖ, ‘learner’); a linguistic curiosity, not a doctrinal collision, since the word is standard secular vocabulary.
Myths
Approved rendering: ਕਹਾਣੀਆਂ
Transliteration: kahaniyan
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: ਮਿਥਿਹਾਸ
Original: μῦθοι καὶ γενεαλογίαι
Category: Sound Doctrine
1:4. Avoid ਮਿਥਿਹਾਸ, which carries strong Puranic-mythology associations for Hindu-background readers.
Trustworthy Saying
Approved rendering: ਇਹ ਬਚਨ ਭਰੋਸੇਯੋਗ ਹੈ
Transliteration: ih bachan bharosayog hai
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: πιστὸς ὁ λόγος
Category: Sound Doctrine
Fixed recurring formula (1:15, 3:1, 4:9); must render identically at every occurrence, per the consistency rule established for Romans 1:16-17.
Wealth
Approved rendering: ਧਨ
Transliteration: dhan
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Rejected alternatives: ਮਾਇਆ
Original: πλοῦτος / πλούσιος
Category: Godliness and Contentment
6:17-19. Neutral term for material wealth, kept distinct from ਧੰਨ (‘blessed’) and from the forbidden ਮਾਇਆ.
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: ਸਦੀਪਕ ਜੀਵਨ
Transliteration: sadeepak jivan
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Salvation
6:12, 6:19. Must not be conflated with South Asian doctrines of the soul’s inherent, uncreated eternality; a relational gift, not an innate property.
Mystery
Approved rendering: ਭੇਤ
Transliteration: bhet
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Sound Doctrine
3:9, 3:16. Must be distinguished from esoteric gnosis reserved for initiates; this is publicly proclaimed revealed truth, not concealed secret-keeping. Requires an explanatory frame at first load-bearing use per document.
Household Of God
Approved rendering: ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਘਰ
Transliteration: Parmeshar da ghar
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: οἶκος θεοῦ
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
3:15. Deliberately shares the ਘਰ root with the household-management qualification of 3:4-5, 3:12; preserve this literary link without exception.
Pillar
Approved rendering: ਥੰਮ੍ਹ
Transliteration: thamh
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: στῦλος
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
3:15. Standard architectural metaphor.
Foundation
Approved rendering: ਨੀਂਹ
Transliteration: neenh
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: ἑδραίωμα
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
3:15; reused identically for the ‘good foundation’ of 6:19 to preserve Paul’s deliberate thematic echo.
Truth
Approved rendering: ਸੱਚ
Transliteration: sach
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: ἀλήθεια
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
2:4, 3:15, 4:3, 6:5. Doctrinally load-bearing; keep vocabulary family consistent with ਖਰੀ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ.
Household Of Faith
Approved rendering: ਨਿਹਚਾ ਦਾ ਪਰਿਵਾਰ
Transliteration: nihcha da parivar
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
Original: οἰκεῖος τῆς πίστεως
Category: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
5:8. Teach as fulfilling, not replacing, existing Punjabi joint-family/biradari obligation toward widows.
Good Confession
Approved rendering: ਚੰਗਾ ਇਕਰਾਰ
Transliteration: changa ikrar
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: καλὴ ὁμολογία
Category: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
6:12-13. A public, decisive testimony of faith, patterned on Christ’s confession before Pilate.
Hope
Approved rendering: ਉਮੀਦ
Transliteration: umeed
Doctrine: Grace and Mercy toward Sinners
Original: ἐλπίς
Category: Faith
1:1, where Christ himself is named ‘our hope.’ Ensure confident, Christ-grounded expectation, not fatalistic resignation.
Conscience
Approved rendering: ਜ਼ਮੀਰ
Transliteration: zamir
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: ਅੰਤਹਕਰਣ
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Sound Doctrine
1:5, 1:19, 3:9, 4:2. NEVER ਅੰਤਹਕਰਣ, which imports Vedantic/Samkhya layered inner-faculty psychology; ਜ਼ਮੀਰ is a neutral, widely used loanword.
Conceit
Approved rendering: ਹੰਕਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਫੁੱਲ ਜਾਣਾ
Transliteration: hankar vich phull jana
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: τυφωθείς
Category: Church Leadership
3:6, 6:4. Genuine point of ethical overlap with Sikh teaching against haumai/hankar (one of the Panj Chor); the remedy is grace and Christ-given identity, not self-effort.
Devil Satan
Approved rendering: ਸ਼ੈਤਾਨ
Transliteration: Shaitan
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: διάβολος / Σατανᾶς
Category: Church Leadership
1:20, 3:6-7, 5:15. Established loanword shared across Punjabi Christian and Islamic usage; comparatively low collision risk.
Slanderers
Approved rendering: ਨਿੰਦਿਆ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ
Transliteration: nindia karan valian
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: διάβολοι (adjectival)
Category: Church Leadership
3:11. Shares its Greek root with ‘the devil’ (1:20, 3:6-7) but functions grammatically as a common adjective here; render according to grammatical role.
Faithful Character
Approved rendering: ਵਫ਼ਾਦਾਰ
Transliteration: wafadaar
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: πιστός (of character)
Category: Church Leadership
3:11. Deliberately distinct from ਨਿਹਚਾ (saving faith); preserves the distinction between reliable character and saving trust.
Boldness
Approved rendering: ਦਲੇਰੀ
Transliteration: daleri
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: παρρησία
Category: Church Leadership
3:13. Connects to the baseline’s Assurance of Salvation doctrine; ensure grounding ‘in the faith that is in Christ Jesus’ is retained.
Modesty
Approved rendering: ਸ਼ਰਮ-ਹਯਾ
Transliteration: sharam-haya
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Rejected alternatives: ਨਿਮਰਤਾ
Original: αἰδώς
Category: Public Worship and Prayer
2:9. NEVER ਨਿਮਰਤਾ, a distinct Sikh Panj Gun virtue (humility, not decorum).
Submission
Approved rendering: ਅਧੀਨਗੀ
Transliteration: adheenagi
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: ὑποταγή
Category: Public Worship and Prayer
2:11. Primarily a pastoral-hermeneutical sensitivity, not a vocabulary-collision risk.
Teacher Generic
Approved rendering: ਉਸਤਾਦ
Transliteration: ustaad
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Rejected alternatives: ਗੁਰੂ
Original: διδάσκαλος
Category: Public Worship and Prayer
2:7’s ‘teacher of the Gentiles.’ Never ਗੁਰੂ; distinct from ਰਸੂਲ (apostle, a separate office).
Man Of God
Approved rendering: ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਮਨੁੱਖ
Transliteration: Parmeshar da manukkh
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: ἄνθρωπος τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Godliness and Contentment
6:11. Could be heard as parallel to the Sant/Baba honorific; teach as devoted service, never conferring elevated guru-like status, per the baseline’s ਸੰਤ caution.
Appearing Of Christ
Approved rendering: ਪਰਗਟ ਹੋਣਾ
Transliteration: pargat hona
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Original: ἐπιφάνεια
Category: Christology
6:14. Shares a root with ‘Prakash,’ the ceremonial daily revealing of the Guru Granth Sahib; also standard secular vocabulary. Note for translator awareness only.
Above Reproach
Approved rendering: ਨਿਰਦੋਸ਼
Transliteration: nirdosh
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ἀνεπίλημπτος / ἀνέγκλητος
Category: Church Leadership
3:2, 3:10 (ἀνεπίλημπτος / ἀνέγκλητος collapse to one term). A high but attainable standard of tested character, not unreachable perfectionism.
Husband Of One Wife
Approved rendering: ਇੱਕ ਪਤਨੀ ਦਾ ਪਤੀ
Transliteration: ikk patni da pati
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα
Category: Church Leadership
3:2, 3:12. Genuine interpretive range (numerical monogamy / marital fidelity / non-remarriage after widowhood) flagged for theologian sign-off; apply one stance consistently across all curriculum documents.
Testing Examination
Approved rendering: ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਪਰਖਿਆ ਜਾਵੇ
Transliteration: pehlan parkhia jave
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: δοκιμαζέσθωσαν
Category: Church Leadership
3:10. A deliberate vetting process, contrasting with hereditary or charismatic-succession appointment models.
Laying On Of Hands
Approved rendering: ਹੱਥ ਰੱਖਣਾ
Transliteration: hath rakhna
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν
Category: Church Leadership
4:14, 5:22. No direct Sikh liturgical parallel; distinguish the ordination context from any healing-touch practice.
Bondservant
Approved rendering: ਗ਼ੁਲਾਮ
Transliteration: ghulam
Doctrine: Christian Ethics in Household and Social Relationships
Original: δοῦλος ὑπὸ ζυγόν
Category: Godliness and Contentment
6:1. Handle with the same caution the baseline applies to caste-sensitive Romans passages; not endorsing any parallel servitude or caste structure.
Civil Authorities
Approved rendering: ਰਾਜੇ ਅਤੇ ਸਾਰੇ ਉੱਚ ਅਧਿਕਾਰੀ
Transliteration: raje ate sare uch adhikari
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: βασιλεῖς καὶ πάντες οἱ ἐν ὑπεροχῇ
Category: Public Worship and Prayer
2:2. Prayer for civic peace, not political endorsement; connects to the baseline’s caution on government/authority passages.
Love Agape
Approved rendering: ਪਿਆਰ
Transliteration: pyar
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Faith
1:5; part of the 6:11 virtue list. Also appears as Pyar in the Sikh Panj Gun; near-universal relational term with minimal exclusive doctrinal loading, but teach as flowing from God’s own character revealed in Christ, not self-cultivated as one of five virtues.
Training In Godliness
Approved rendering: ਭਗਤੀ ਲਈ ਅਭਿਆਸ ਕਰਨਾ
Transliteration: bhagti lai abhiyas karna
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: γυμνάζω πρὸς εὐσέβειαν
Category: Godliness and Contentment
4:7-8. ਅਭਿਆਸ parallels Naam-abhiyas vocabulary; a genuine point of contact, but must be framed as training that flows from grace already given, never a practice that attains or earns divine favor.
Good Reputation Outsiders
Approved rendering: ਬਾਹਰਲਿਆਂ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਚੰਗੀ ਗਵਾਹੀ
Transliteration: baharlian dwara changi gavahi
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
3:7. Relevant to interfaith public witness in a religiously plural Punjab; a church leader’s conduct is constantly observed by Sikh- and Hindu-majority neighbors.
Low Risk Terms
Prophecy
Approved rendering: ਭਵਿੱਖਬਾਣੀ
Transliteration: bhavikhbani
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Inherited from Romans package. 1:18, 4:14’s commissioning by prophecy.
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: ਧੰਨਵਾਦ
Transliteration: dhanvad
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Public Worship and Prayer
Inherited from Romans package. 2:1’s prayer modes; also 4:3-4’s thanksgiving over food.
Widow
Approved rendering: ਵਿਧਵਾ
Transliteration: vidhva
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
Original: χήρα
Category: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
5:3-16 throughout. Anchors this doctrine.
Honor
Approved rendering: ਆਦਰ / ਦੂਹਰਾ ਆਦਰ
Transliteration: aadar / doohra aadar
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
Original: τιμή / διπλῆ τιμή
Category: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
5:3, 5:17. Material and relational esteem, including financial support.
Sober Minded
Approved rendering: ਸੰਜਮੀ
Transliteration: sanjami
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: νηφάλιος
Category: Church Leadership
3:2, 3:11. Kept distinct from ਸਮਝਦਾਰ to preserve the Greek near-synonym pair.
Self Controlled
Approved rendering: ਸਮਝਦਾਰ
Transliteration: samajhdaar
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: σώφρων
Category: Church Leadership
3:2. Deliberately distinct rendering from ਸੰਜਮੀ.
Respectable
Approved rendering: ਸਲੀਕੇਦਾਰ
Transliteration: salikedaar
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: κόσμιος
Category: Church Leadership
3:2.
Hospitable
Approved rendering: ਪਰਾਹੁਣਚਾਰੀ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲਾ
Transliteration: parahunchari karan vala
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: φιλόξενος
Category: Church Leadership
3:2. OPPORTUNITY: a genuine bridge to the existing Punjabi cultural virtue of mehmaan-nawazi (hospitality).
Dignity
Approved rendering: ਗੰਭੀਰਤਾ
Transliteration: gambhirta
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: σεμνότης
Category: Church Leadership
2:2, 3:4, 3:8, 3:11. A weighty, respect-commanding demeanor; not stiffness but earned respectability.
Recent Convert
Approved rendering: ਨਵਾਂ ਨਿਹਚਾਵਾਨ
Transliteration: nava nihchavan
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: νεόφυτος
Category: Church Leadership
3:6. Built on the baseline ਨਿਹਚਾ root.
Double Tongued
Approved rendering: ਦੂਹਰੀ ਜ਼ੁਬਾਨ ਵਾਲਾ
Transliteration: doohri zuban vala
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: δίλογος
Category: Church Leadership
3:8. Natural Punjabi idiom exists for this concept.
Good Standing
Approved rendering: ਚੰਗਾ ਦਰਜਾ
Transliteration: changa darja
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: βαθμὸς καλός
Category: Church Leadership
3:13. A position of honor gained through faithful diaconal service.
Two Or Three Witnesses
Approved rendering: ਦੋ ਜਾਂ ਤਿੰਨ ਗਵਾਹ
Transliteration: do jaan tinn gavah
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: δύο ἢ τριῶν μαρτύρων
Category: Church Leadership
5:19. A legal-evidentiary standard protecting elders from unsubstantiated accusation.
Petition
Approved rendering: ਬੇਨਤੀ
Transliteration: benti
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
2:1, one of the four near-synonym prayer modes.
Prayer
Approved rendering: ਪ੍ਰਾਰਥਨਾ
Transliteration: prarthna
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
2:1, one of the four near-synonym prayer modes.
Example Pattern
Approved rendering: ਨਮੂਨਾ
Transliteration: namoona
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: τύπος
Category: Church Leadership
4:12. A model or pattern others may follow.
Blessed
Approved rendering: ਧੰਨ
Transliteration: dhann
Doctrine: Grace and Mercy toward Sinners
1:11’s ‘the blessed God’; 6:15’s ‘the blessed and only Sovereign.’ Keep distinct from ਧਨ (wealth).
Patience
Approved rendering: ਸਹਿਣਸ਼ੀਲਤਾ
Transliteration: sahinshilta
Doctrine: Grace and Mercy toward Sinners
1:16’s God’s patience toward Paul, modeling patience toward all who believe.
Testimony
Approved rendering: ਗਵਾਹੀ
Transliteration: gavahi
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
2:6, 3:7, 5:19. Standard term; not to be confused with courtroom-only usage.
Disgrace
Approved rendering: ਬਦਨਾਮੀ
Transliteration: badnaami
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
3:7.
Snare Of Devil
Approved rendering: ਸ਼ੈਤਾਨ ਦਾ ਜਾਲ
Transliteration: Shaitan da jaal
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
3:7.
Good Works
Approved rendering: ਭਲੇ ਕੰਮ
Transliteration: bhale kamm
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
5:10; recurs 6:18. Evidence, not the ground, of genuine faith.
Noble Task
Approved rendering: ਚੰਗਾ ਕੰਮ
Transliteration: changa kamm
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
3:1. Church oversight is dignified service, not a burden or a status symbol.
Aspiration To Office
Approved rendering: ਇੱਛਾ ਰੱਖਣਾ
Transliteration: ichha rakhna
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
3:1. Church leadership is rightly aspired to, not inherited by lineage.
Uncertainty Of Riches
Approved rendering: ਧਨ ਦੀ ਅਨਿਸ਼ਚਿਤਤਾ
Transliteration: dhan di anishchitata
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
6:17. Contrast between hope in wealth and hope in God.
Corrupted Mind
Approved rendering: ਮਨ ਦੇ ਭ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟ
Transliteration: man de bhrisht
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
6:5. Describes false teachers who peddle religion as commerce.
Progress
Approved rendering: ਤਰੱਕੀ
Transliteration: tarakki
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
4:15. Timothy’s growth to be publicly evident.
Transgression
Approved rendering: ਉਲੰਘਣਾ
Transliteration: ullanghana
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
2:14. Describes Eve’s deception and transgression.
Referenced passages