Semantic Analysis — Titus (Koine Greek → Punjabi)

Governing Rule

Every term already established in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json / bible_term_registry.json is reused exactly as recorded there (script, word, risk tier). This document only performs fresh semantic analysis for terms that are new to the Titus curriculum, and re-flags baseline terms only where Titus introduces a new contextual nuance (e.g. σωτήρ “Savior” applied to both God the Father and Christ, intensifying the Lordship/Deity-of-Christ collision already documented for ਪ੍ਰਭੂ and ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਪੁੱਤਰ).

Baseline terms reused without modification in Titus: gospel/proclamation (ਖੁਸ਼ਖਬਰੀ / ਪਰਚਾਰ), grace (ਕਿਰਪਾ), faith (ਨਿਹਚਾ), righteousness (ਧਾਰਮਿਕਤਾ), justification (ਧਰਮੀ ਠਹਿਰਾਇਆ ਜਾਣਾ), salvation (ਮੁਕਤੀ), apostle (ਰਸੂਲ), holy (ਪਵਿੱਤਰ), Holy Spirit (ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਆਤਮਾ), election (ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦੀ ਚੋਣ), glory (ਮਹਿਮਾ), God (ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ), Jesus (ਯਿਸੂ), Messiah/Christ (ਮਸੀਹ), Lord (ਪ੍ਰਭੂ), law (ਬਿਵਸਥਾ), exhort (ਉਤਸ਼ਾਹਿਤ ਕਰਨਾ), sin (ਪਾਪ — implicit in Titus 3:3), church/assembly concept (ਮੰਡਲੀ — implicit), adoption/heir framework (ਦੱਤਕ ਪੁੱਤਰਤਾ — implicit in 3:7 heirship), sanctification (ਪਵਿੱਤਰੀਕਰਨ — implicit in the training-for-godliness theme).

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PART A — Core Passage: Titus 2:11–3:8 (Verse-by-Verse)

Titus 2:11

Greek: Ἐπεφάνη γὰρ ἡ χάρις τοῦ θεοῦ ἡ σωτήριος πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις

Term	ἐπεφάνη (epephanē)
Literal meaning	”appeared / was made visible / shone forth”
Semantic range	Epiphany-language for a decisive, historical self-disclosure; used elsewhere for royal/divine appearances
English variants	appeared, has appeared, was manifested, dawned
Contextual theological meaning	The Incarnation itself described as God’s grace becoming visible in history — a single, dated event, not a recurring manifestation
Destination-rendering risk	High. Render ਪਰਗਟ ਹੋਈ (pargat hoi). Must be anchored as a unique, once-for-all historical event (cf. baseline Incarnation notes forbidding ਅਵਤਾਰ) so Sikh-background readers do not hear a repeatable divine descent, and Hindu-background readers do not hear an avatar-appearance.

Term	χάρις (charis)
Punjabi	ਕਿਰਪਾ (baseline TM — reused exactly)
Contextual meaning	Grace itself is the subject that “appears” — grace is personified/embodied in the Christ-event, not an abstract quality
Risk	High (per baseline: keep source explicitly Christ-centered, not Guru-mediated)

Term	σωτήριος (sōtērios)
Literal meaning	”saving, bringing salvation” (adjective from σωτηρία)
Semantic range	Describes grace’s saving effect/function
Contextual theological meaning	Grace is not merely favorable disposition but effectively delivers salvation
Destination rendering	ਮੁਕਤੀਦਾਇਕ (mukti-daik, “salvation-bringing”), built on the established ਮੁਕਤੀ root
Risk	Critical — inherits the mandatory ਮੁਕਤੀ clarifying-gloss requirement from baseline

Term	πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις (pasin anthrōpois)
Literal meaning	”to all men/people”
Contextual theological meaning	Universal offer of salvation — no caste, qaum, or religious-community exception
Risk	High — connects to baseline’s “Universal Scope of the Gospel” doctrine; must not be softened

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Titus 2:12

Greek: παιδεύουσα ἡμᾶς ἵνα ἀρνησάμενοι τὴν ἀσέβειαν καὶ τὰς κοσμικὰς ἐπιθυμίας σωφρόνως καὶ δικαίως καὶ εὐσεβῶς ζήσωμεν ἐν τῷ νῦν αἰῶνι

Term	παιδεύουσα (paideuousa)
Literal meaning	”training/disciplining” (present participle of παιδεύω, root of “pedagogy”)
Semantic range	Can mean child-rearing discipline, instructive correction, or (harsher) punitive chastening
English variants	trains, teaches, disciplines, instructs
Contextual theological meaning	THE key verb for the curriculum doctrine “Grace That Trains for Godly Living”: grace is not passive pardon but an active, ongoing pedagogical force shaping conduct
Destination rendering	ਸਿਖਲਾਈ ਦੇ ਰਹੀ ਹੈ (sikhlai de rahi hai, “is training”)
Risk	High. Must not be read as grace imposing external religious duty (ਧਾਰਮਿਕ ਫ਼ਰਜ਼, already rejected for “obedience of faith” in baseline) or as merit-building self-discipline (ਸੰਜਮ/ਤਪ) practiced to earn standing; the training flows FROM a salvation already secured, reversing the usual South Asian order (discipline → merit → liberation).

Term	ἀσέβειαν (asebeian)
Literal meaning	”ungodliness, irreverence toward God”
Destination rendering	ਅਭਗਤੀ (abhagti) — new term, see glossary
Risk	Medium

Term	κοσμικὰς ἐπιθυμίας (kosmikas epithymias)
Literal meaning	”worldly desires/lusts”
Destination rendering	ਸੰਸਾਰਿਕ ਵਾਸਨਾਵਾਂ (sansarik vasnavan)
Risk	Low-Medium

Term	σωφρόνως, δικαίως, εὐσεβῶς (sōphronōs, dikaiōs, eusebōs)
Literal meaning	”self-controlledly, righteously/justly, godly” — an adverbial triad
Contextual theological meaning	δικαίως links directly to ਧਾਰਮਿਕਤਾ (righteousness, Critical baseline term) — righteous living as fruit, not root, of justification; εὐσεβῶς links to εὐσέβεια (godliness)
Destination rendering	ਸੰਜਮ ਨਾਲ, ਧਰਮ ਨਾਲ (adverbial form of ਧਾਰਮਿਕਤਾ — render “ਧਰਮੀ ਢੰਗ ਨਾਲ” carefully, NEVER the bare noun ਧਰਮ), ਭਗਤੀ ਨਾਲ
Risk	High — the adverbial form of righteousness must not collapse into ਧਰਮ; use a phrase built transparently on ਧਾਰਮਿਕਤਾ

Term	ἐν τῷ νῦν αἰῶνι (en tō nyn aiōni)
Literal meaning	”in the present age”
Contextual meaning	Contrasts this age with the age to come (v.13’s blessed hope) — a two-age eschatological frame, not a cyclical cosmic age (yuga)
Risk	Medium — avoid vocabulary suggesting a repeating cosmic cycle

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Titus 2:13

Greek: προσδεχόμενοι τὴν μακαρίαν ἐλπίδα καὶ ἐπιφάνειαν τῆς δόξης τοῦ μεγάλου θεοῦ καὶ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ

Term	μακαρίαν ἐλπίδα (makarian elpida)
Literal meaning	”blessed hope”
Destination rendering	ਧੰਨ ਆਸ (dhann aas) or ਮੁਬਾਰਕ ਆਸ
Risk	Medium — see ἐλπίς entry in glossary; must convey confident certainty, not wishful hoping

Term	ἐπιφάνειαν τῆς δόξης (epiphaneian tēs doxēs)
Literal meaning	”the appearing of the glory”
Contextual theological meaning	The Second Coming, Christ’s future visible return in glory — distinct from the epiphany of v.11 (his first coming); Titus deliberately pairs two “appearings” (2:11, 2:13) bracketing the whole present age
Destination rendering	ਮਹਿਮਾ ਦਾ ਪਰਗਟ ਹੋਣਾ, using baseline ਮਹਿਮਾ
Risk	High — the two ἐπιφάνεια instances must be kept theologically distinct (first coming = grace appearing in humility; second coming = glory appearing in power) so neither is confused with a repeatable avatar-cycle

Term	τοῦ μεγάλου θεοῦ καὶ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ (tou megalou theou kai sōtēros hēmōn Iēsou Christou)
Literal meaning	”of our great God and Savior, Jesus Christ”
Semantic range	Grammatically (Sharp’s rule pattern: single article governing both nouns) this is ONE person described by two titles — “great God” and “Savior” both refer to Jesus Christ
Contextual theological meaning	One of the most direct NT assertions of Christ’s full deity — Jesus is explicitly called θεός here, not merely God’s agent or a supremely realized human teacher
Destination rendering	ਸਾਡੇ ਮਹਾਨ ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਅਤੇ ਮੁਕਤੀਦਾਤਾ ਯਿਸੂ ਮਸੀਹ
Risk	CRITICAL. This is the single highest-stakes clause in Titus for Punjabi. It must not be softened into “God AND [a separate] Savior Jesus Christ” (which would read as two beings, diluting deity of Christ) nor let ਮੁਕਤੀਦਾਤਾ read as merely “a great teacher who brings liberation,” which is exactly how a Sikh-background reader might otherwise classify an exceptionally realized guru-figure. The grammatical unity (one person, two titles) must be preserved in translation notes even where Punjabi syntax makes the single-referent reading less immediately obvious than in Greek.

Term	σωτήρ (sōtēr)
Literal meaning	”Savior, deliverer, rescuer”
Semantic range	In the Greco-Roman world also an imperial/divine honorific (Caesar as sōtēr); in the LXX/NT applied to God and, distinctively, to Christ
Destination rendering	ਮੁਕਤੀਦਾਤਾ (mukti-data, “giver of ਮੁਕਤੀ”), built transparently on baseline’s retained ਮੁਕਤੀ
Risk	Critical (NEW term for this glossary, but structurally inherits the ਮੁਕਤੀ mandatory-gloss rule). Titus uses σωτήρ six times (1:3, 1:4, 2:10, 2:13, 3:4, 3:6) applying it to BOTH “God our Savior” and “Christ our Savior” — every occurrence is doctrinally load-bearing and must carry the same Christ-centered clarifying gloss required for ਮੁਕਤੀ itself.

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Titus 2:14

Greek: ὃς ἔδωκεν ἑαυτὸν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν, ἵνα λυτρώσηται ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ πάσης ἀνομίας καὶ καθαρίσῃ ἑαυτῷ λαὸν περιούσιον, ζηλωτὴν καλῶν ἔργων

Term	ἔδωκεν ἑαυτὸν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν (edōken heauton hyper hēmōn)
Literal meaning	”gave himself on behalf of/for us”
Contextual theological meaning	Substitutionary self-giving — Christ as both giver and gift; foundational atonement language
Destination rendering	ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਸਾਡੇ ਲਈ ਦੇ ਦਿੱਤਾ
Risk	Critical — atonement/substitution language per baseline escalation rules (Romans 3:25 parallel)

Term	λυτρώσηται (lytrōsētai)
Literal meaning	”might redeem/ransom”
Semantic range	Commercial root: paying a price to free a slave or captive
Destination rendering	ਨਿਸਤਾਰਾ ਦੇਵੇ / ਛੁਡਾਵੇ
Risk	High — new term, see glossary; must retain the “price paid” sense, not generic rescue

Term	ἀνομίας (anomias)
Literal meaning	”lawlessness”
Destination rendering	ਬਦੀ (badi) — chosen specifically to avoid any ਧਰਮ-root compound (e.g. ਅਧਰਮ) that would reintroduce the forbidden dharmic frame
Risk	Medium

Term	λαὸν περιούσιον (laon periousion)
Literal meaning	”a people for [his] own possession”
Semantic range	LXX echo of Exodus 19:5, Deuteronomy 14:2, 26:18 — Israel’s covenant identity language now applied to the Church
Destination rendering	ਆਪਣੀ ਨਿੱਜੀ ਪਰਜਾ
Risk	Medium — connects to baseline’s “Church as God’s People” doctrine; ensure it reads as a chosen relational identity, not an ethnic/qaum designation

Term	ζηλωτὴν καλῶν ἔργων (zēlōtēn kalōn ergōn)
Literal meaning	”zealous for good works”
Contextual theological meaning	Good works as the fruit and goal of redemption, never its cause — central to “Salvation by Grace not Works” held together with “Sound Doctrine and Good Works”
Destination rendering	ਭਲੇ ਕੰਮਾਂ ਲਈ ਉਤਸ਼ਾਹੀ
Risk	High — see ἔργον ἀγαθόν in glossary

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Titus 2:15

Greek: Ταῦτα λάλει καὶ παρακάλει καὶ ἔλεγχε μετὰ πάσης ἐπιταγῆς· μηδείς σου περιφρονείτω

Term	παρακάλει (parakalei)
Punjabi	ਉਤਸ਼ਾਹਿਤ ਕਰਨਾ / ਬੇਨਤੀ (baseline TM, context-sensitive)
Risk	Low, per baseline

Term	ἔλεγχε (elegche)
Literal meaning	”reprove, rebuke, expose wrongdoing”
Destination rendering	ਤਾੜਨਾ ਕਰ / ਦੋਸ਼ ਦਿਖਾ
Risk	Low-Medium

Term	ἐπιταγῆς (epitagēs)
Literal meaning	”command, authoritative order”
Destination rendering	ਆਦੇਸ਼ (adesh) — deliberately NOT ਹੁਕਮ, per system instruction to avoid unexplained Sikh liturgical vocabulary as a direct substitute for Christian doctrinal/authority terms
Risk	Medium

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Titus 3:1

Greek: Ὑπόμιμνησκε αὐτοὺς ἀρχαῖς ἐξουσίαις ὑποτάσσεσθαι, πειθαρχεῖν, πρὸς πᾶν ἔργον ἀγαθὸν ἑτοίμους εἶναι

Term	ἀρχαῖς ἐξουσίαις (archais exousiais)
Literal meaning	”rulers, authorities”
Destination rendering	ਹਾਕਮ ਅਤੇ ਅਧਿਕਾਰੀ
Risk	Medium — “Submission to Authority” doctrine; flag for native speaker review per baseline’s Romans 13 pattern

Term	ὑποτάσσεσθαι (hypotassesthai)
Literal meaning	”to be subject to, to submit under”
Semantic range	Military/ordered-rank metaphor: taking one’s proper place under authority, not coerced servility
Destination rendering	ਅਧੀਨ ਹੋਣਾ
Risk	High. Must be taught as voluntary, gospel-motivated submission within proper limits (never submission that requires disobeying God), and must not be conflated with submission within a Guru-disciple (ਗੁਰੂ-ਸਿੱਖ) hierarchy or a Sant-dera follower relationship.

Term	πειθαρχεῖν (peitharchein)
Literal meaning	”to obey rulers/authority”
Destination rendering	ਹੁਕਮ ਮਨਣਾ — NOTE: here ਹੁਕਮ is acceptable in its ordinary secular sense of “an official’s order,” unlike its liturgical use for Waheguru’s Divine Order; context (civil authority, not God) makes the distinction clear, but translators should still prefer ਆਦੇਸ਼ ਮਨਣਾ where possible to avoid any ambiguity
Risk	Medium

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Titus 3:2

Greek: μηδένα βλασφημεῖν, ἀμάχους εἶναι, ἐπιεικεῖς, πᾶσαν ἐνδεικνυμένους πραΰτητα πρὸς πάντας ἀνθρώπους

Term	πραΰτητα (prautēta)
Literal meaning	”gentleness, meekness”
Destination rendering	ਨਰਮਾਈ
Risk	Low

Term	ἐπιεικεῖς (epieikeis)
Literal meaning	”gentle, considerate, yielding”
Destination rendering	ਦਯਾਵਾਨ / ਨਰਮ-ਦਿਲ
Risk	Low

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Titus 3:3

Greek: Ἦμεν γάρ ποτε καὶ ἡμεῖς ἀνόητοι, ἀπειθεῖς, πλανώμενοι, δουλεύοντες ἐπιθυμίαις καὶ ἡδοναῖς ποικίλαις, ἐν κακίᾳ καὶ φθόνῳ διάγοντες, στυγητοί, μισοῦντες ἀλλήλους

Term	δουλεύοντες ἐπιθυμίαις (douleuontes epithymiais)
Literal meaning	”being enslaved to desires/passions”
Contextual theological meaning	Pre-conversion bondage — sets up the sharp “But when…” contrast of v.4, the rhetorical hinge of the whole core passage for “Salvation by Grace not Works” and “Regeneration by the Holy Spirit”
Destination rendering	ਵਾਸਨਾਵਾਂ ਦੇ ਗੁਲਾਮ
Risk	High — must preserve the totality of the “before” state so the grace of v.4-7 reads as sheer unmerited rescue, not moral self-improvement building toward eligibility

Term	πλανώμενοι (planōmenoi)
Literal meaning	”being led astray, deceived, wandering”
Destination rendering	ਭਟਕਦੇ ਹੋਏ
Risk	Low-Medium

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Titus 3:4

Greek: ὅτε δὲ ἡ χρηστότης καὶ ἡ φιλανθρωπία ἐπεφάνη τοῦ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν θεοῦ

Term	χρηστότης (chrēstotēs)
Literal meaning	”kindness, goodness”
Destination rendering	ਦਿਆਲਤਾ
Risk	Low

Term	φιλανθρωπία (philanthrōpia)
Literal meaning	”love for mankind” (φιλέω + ἄνθρωπος)
Destination rendering	ਮਨੁੱਖਾਂ ਲਈ ਪਿਆਰ
Risk	Low

Term	ἐπεφάνη … τοῦ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν θεοῦ (epephanē … tou sōtēros hēmōn theou)
Contextual theological meaning	Same ἐπιφάνεια root as 2:11 and 2:13, now explicitly attached to “God our Savior” — reinforcing across the passage that Father and Son share the title σωτήρ without division of essence
Risk	Critical — see 2:13 note

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Titus 3:5

Greek: οὐκ ἐξ ἔργων τῶν ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ ἃ ἐποιήσαμεν ἡμεῖς ἀλλὰ κατὰ τὸ αὐτοῦ ἔλεος ἔσωσεν ἡμᾶς διὰ λουτροῦ παλιγγενεσίας καὶ ἀνακαινώσεως πνεύματος ἁγίου

This is the single most theologically dense verse in the curriculum, directly grounding “Salvation by Grace not Works” and “Regeneration by the Holy Spirit.”

Term	οὐκ ἐξ ἔργων (ouk ex ergōn)
Literal meaning	”not from/by works”
Contextual theological meaning	Direct, emphatic exclusion of human merit as the ground of salvation
Destination rendering	ਕੰਮਾਂ ਦੇ ਕਾਰਨ ਨਹੀਂ
Risk	Critical. Must not be softened. Directly parallels Romans 3:20/4:4-5’s grace-versus-works contrast already flagged in the baseline’s escalation rules; this negation must remain absolute in translation.

Term	τῶν ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ (tōn en dikaiosynē)
Punjabi	ਧਾਰਮਿਕਤਾ (baseline TM — reused exactly)
Contextual meaning	”works done in righteousness” — i.e., even sincerely well-intentioned moral/ritual effort is excluded as a basis for salvation
Risk	Critical, per baseline

Term	ἔλεος (eleos)
Literal meaning	”mercy, compassion toward the miserable/needy”
Semantic range	Distinct from χάρις: mercy responds specifically to a condition of need or misery, while grace is the free, unmerited giving itself
Destination rendering	ਦਇਆ (daya)
Risk	Medium-High — new term. Sikh devotional vocabulary also pairs ਦਇਆ and ਕਿਰਪਾ as divine attributes; every occurrence should keep both terms anchored to the specific, historical Christ-event described in this verse, not to a general divine disposition accessed through Naam-simran.

Term	λουτροῦ (loutrou)
Literal meaning	”washing, bath”
Semantic range	Concrete cleansing image, widely taken as baptismal language, though the noun itself denotes the washing/cleansing act rather than the rite per se
Destination rendering	ਧੋਣਾ (dhona) — deliberately chosen over ਇਸ਼ਨਾਨ
Risk	High. ਇਸ਼ਨਾਨ (ritual bathing) is the term most readily associated with Sikh Amrit Sanchar initiation and with Hindu ritual purification bathing (e.g. sacred river bathing); using it here would strongly suggest a ritual work that itself accomplishes cleansing, exactly the false reading the verse’s opening clause forbids. ਧੋਣਾ keeps the image while resisting that specific ritual-merit collision, but still requires a translator note that this washing is Spirit-wrought, not self- or priest-administered.

Term	παλιγγενεσίας (paliggenesias)
Literal meaning	”again-birth, regeneration” (πάλιν “again” + γένεσις “birth/becoming”)
Semantic range	In Titus, a decisive, once-for-all spiritual new birth wrought by the Spirit; in wider Hellenistic usage could denote cosmic renewal
English variants	regeneration, new birth, rebirth
Contextual theological meaning	The doctrinal anchor for “Regeneration by the Holy Spirit” — a believer is not self-improved but supernaturally re-created
Destination rendering	ਨਵ-ਜਨਮ (nav-janam, “new birth”)
Risk	CRITICAL — the single most acute lexical collision risk in this curriculum. The baseline registry already forbids ਪੁਨਰ-ਜਨਮ and ਆਵਾਗਵਣ for “resurrection” precisely because they denote the Hindu/Sikh cycle of transmigration/rebirth. παλιγγενεσία’s own Greek root is literally “birth again” — the semantic overlap with reincarnation vocabulary is closer here than for resurrection, not further. ਪੁਨਰ-ਜਨਮ and ਆਵਾਗਵਣ remain absolutely forbidden. ਨਵ-ਜਨਮ is selected because it is the vernacular idiom already used in Punjabi evangelical preaching for “born again” (cf. John 3:3) rather than the Sanskritized technical term tied to the transmigration doctrine — but it still requires a MANDATORY clarifying gloss on every occurrence, structurally identical to the baseline’s ਮੁਕਤੀ gloss requirement: Christian ਨਵ-ਜਨਮ is a decisive, once-for-all spiritual re-creation by the Holy Spirit at a single moment in this present life, not one birth within a continuing cycle of many lives (ਆਵਾਗਵਣ) from which one is gradually released.

Term	ἀνακαινώσεως (anakainōseōs)
Literal meaning	”renewal, renovation”
Destination rendering	ਨਵੀਨੀਕਰਨ (naveenikaran)
Risk	Medium — pairs with ਨਵ-ਜਨਮ as the Spirit’s ongoing renewing work following the once-for-all new birth; keep distinct from ਪਵਿੱਤਰੀਕਰਨ (sanctification) which the two terms together anticipate

Term	πνεύματος ἁγίου (pneumatos hagiou)
Punjabi	ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਆਤਮਾ (baseline TM — reused exactly)
Risk	Critical, per baseline

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Titus 3:6

Greek: οὗ ἐξέχεεν ἐφ᾽ ἡμᾶς πλουσίως διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ σωτῆρος ἡμῶν

Term	ἐξέχεεν (execheen)
Literal meaning	”poured out”
Semantic range	Echoes OT/Pentecostal outpouring language (Joel 2, Acts 2)
Destination rendering	ਵਹਾ ਦਿੱਤਾ
Risk	Low-Medium

Term	πλουσίως (plousiōs)
Literal meaning	”richly, abundantly”
Destination rendering	ਭਰਪੂਰੀ ਨਾਲ
Risk	Low

Term	σωτῆρος (sōtēros)
Risk	Critical — third occurrence of σωτήρ in the core passage; see 2:13 note

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Titus 3:7

Greek: ἵνα δικαιωθέντες τῇ ἐκείνου χάριτι κληρονόμοι γενηθῶμεν κατ᾽ ἐλπίδα ζωῆς αἰωνίου

Term	δικαιωθέντες (dikaiōthentes)
Punjabi	ਧਰਮੀ ਠਹਿਰਾਇਆ ਜਾਣਾ (baseline TM — reused exactly, aorist passive participle form)
Risk	Critical, per baseline

Term	τῇ ἐκείνου χάριτι (tē ekeinou chariti)
Punjabi	ਕਿਰਪਾ (baseline TM)
Contextual meaning	”by HIS [Christ’s] grace” — the demonstrative ἐκείνου pins the grace explicitly to Christ, reinforcing the mandatory Christ-centered anchoring already required for ਕਿਰਪਾ
Risk	High

Term	κληρονόμοι (klēronomoi)
Literal meaning	”heirs”
Contextual theological meaning	Connects justification directly to the baseline’s Adoption doctrine (ਦੱਤਕ ਪੁੱਤਰਤਾ) — full inheritance rights follow from being declared righteous
Destination rendering	ਵਾਰਸ
Risk	Medium

Term	κατ᾽ ἐλπίδα ζωῆς αἰωνίου (kat’ elpida zōēs aiōniou)
Literal meaning	”according to the hope of eternal life”
Destination rendering	ਸਦੀਪਕ ਜੀਵਨ ਦੀ ਆਸ ਦੇ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ
Risk	Medium — see ζωὴ αἰώνιος in glossary; must be distinguished from moksha/mukti-as-merger-with-the-Absolute frameworks, consistent with baseline’s ਮੁਕਤੀ notes

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Titus 3:8

Greek: Πιστὸς ὁ λόγος, καὶ περὶ τούτων βούλομαί σε διαβεβαιοῦσθαι, ἵνα φροντίζωσιν καλῶν ἔργων προΐστασθαι οἱ πεπιστευκότες θεῷ. ταῦτα ἐστὶν καλὰ καὶ ὠφέλιμα τοῖς ἀνθρώποις

Term	Πιστὸς ὁ λόγος (Pistos ho logos)
Literal meaning	”faithful/trustworthy is the word/saying”
Semantic range	A fixed formula in the Pastoral Epistles marking a summary of settled doctrine as fully reliable
Destination rendering	ਇਹ ਬਚਨ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸਯੋਗ ਹੈ
Risk	Low — but functionally significant, as it seals 2:11-3:7 as core, non-negotiable doctrine

Term	καλῶν ἔργων προΐστασθαι (kalōn ergōn proistasthai)
Literal meaning	”to devote themselves to / take the lead in good works”
Contextual theological meaning	The immediate, necessary FRUIT of the salvation just described in 3:4-7 — good works follow regeneration, they do not produce it. This is the hinge verse holding “Salvation by Grace not Works” and “Sound Doctrine and Good Works” together without contradiction.
Destination rendering	ਭਲੇ ਕੰਮਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਅੱਗੇ ਰਹਿਣ
Risk	High — the sequence (grace/regeneration THEN good works) must be unmistakable in translation; reversing or blurring the order recreates exactly the merit-based reading 3:5 rules out

Term	οἱ πεπιστευκότες θεῷ (hoi pepisteukotes theō)
Punjabi	ਨਿਹਚਾ (baseline TM, perfect participle “those who have believed/trusted God”)
Risk	High, per baseline

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PART B — Chapter-by-Chapter Study of the Whole Book

Chapter 1 (Titus 1:1–16)

1:1–4 — Salutation

Term	δοῦλος θεοῦ (doulos theou)
Literal meaning	”slave/servant of God”
Destination rendering	ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਦਾਸ
Risk	Medium — Paul’s self-designation of total ownership by God, a positive identity marker, not degrading servitude

Term	ἀπόστολος (apostolos)
Punjabi	ਰਸੂਲ (baseline TM — reused exactly)
Risk	High, per baseline; doctrine “Apostleship”

Term	κατὰ πίστιν ἐκλεκτῶν θεοῦ (kata pistin eklektōn theou)
Punjabi	ਨਿਹਚਾ + ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦੀ ਚੋਣ (baseline TM terms combined)
Risk	High, per baseline

Term	ἐπίγνωσις ἀληθείας (epignōsis alētheias)
Literal meaning	”full/precise knowledge of the truth”
Destination rendering	ਸੱਚਾਈ ਦੀ ਪੂਰੀ ਪਛਾਣ
Risk	Medium — “truth” (ਸੱਚਾਈ) here is propositional, revealed truth about God in Christ, not one truth-path among several

Term	εὐσέβεια (eusebeia)
Literal meaning	”godliness, piety, reverence toward God expressed in conduct”
Semantic range	Common Hellenistic virtue-term for proper religious devotion; in the Pastorals it becomes a technical term for Christian godly living
English variants	godliness, piety, devotion
Contextual theological meaning	The visible, conduct-shaping fruit of sound doctrine; central to “Grace That Trains for Godly Living”
Destination rendering	ਭਗਤੀ (bhagti)
Risk	High — new term. ਭਗਤੀ is the standard Punjabi word for devotional piety across Hindu bhakti traditions and the Bhagat/Sant strand embedded within the Guru Granth Sahib itself. It must always be qualified as ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦੀ ਭਗਤੀ / ਮਸੀਹ ਵਿੱਚ ਭਗਤੀ (devotion specifically to the God revealed in Christ) so it is not heard as a generic devotional path interchangeable with bhakti-marga or Naam-simran practice.

Term	ἐλπὶς ζωῆς αἰωνίου (elpis zōēs aiōniou)
Risk	Medium — see glossary entries for ἐλπίς and ζωὴ αἰώνιος

Term	ἀψευδὴς θεός (apseudēs theos)
Literal meaning	”the God who does not lie”
Destination rendering	ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਜੋ ਝੂਠ ਨਹੀਂ ਬੋਲਦਾ
Risk	Low-Medium — grounds the reliability of the promise of eternal life “before time began,” a linear, historical frame

Term	κήρυγμα (kērygma)
Punjabi	ਪਰਚਾਰ (baseline TM term for “mission,” reused for “proclamation”)
Risk	Medium

Term	σωτήρ (sōtēr) [first occurrence, 1:3]
Risk	Critical — see core passage 2:13 note; first of six occurrences in Titus

Term	κοινὴν πίστιν (koinēn pistin)
Literal meaning	”a common/shared faith”
Destination rendering	ਸਾਂਝੀ ਨਿਹਚਾ
Risk	Low — describes Titus and Paul’s shared standing in the one faith, not interfaith commonality

Term	χάρις καὶ εἰρήνη (charis kai eirēnē)
Punjabi	ਕਿਰਪਾ ਅਤੇ ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ (baseline TM terms)
Risk	High/Medium, per baseline

1:5–9 — Qualifications for Elders

Term	πρεσβύτερος (presbyteros)
Literal meaning	”elder, older man” (used here as a church office)
Semantic range	Age-term extended to a formal leadership office; overlaps functionally with ἐπίσκοπος in this passage (vv.5 and 7 treat them as the same office)
English variants	elder, presbyter
Contextual theological meaning	Anchors the “Qualifications for Elders” doctrine: character-based, household-tested church leadership
Destination rendering	ਬਜ਼ੁਰਗ (bazurg)
Risk	High. ਬਜ਼ੁਰਗ risks being read as merely “an elderly/respected person” without the specific office sense; must always appear with ਮੰਡਲੀ (church) context to signal the formal role. NEVER render as ਗ੍ਰੰਥੀ (the Sikh Gurdwara scripture-reader/officiant) — this is the same class of category error the baseline flags for ਗੁਰੂ/apostle: a Christian elder holds a pastoral-teaching office within a local ਮੰਡਲੀ, not a liturgical-custodial role over a scripture recognized as a living Guru.

Term	ἐπίσκοπος (episkopos)
Literal meaning	”overseer, one who watches over”
Destination rendering	ਨਿਗਾਹਬਾਨ (nigahban)
Risk	High — must be read as a functionally accountable shepherding role within the congregation, not an independent charismatic authority figure comparable to a Sant or Baba with a personal following/dera.

Term	ἀνέγκλητος (anegklētos)
Literal meaning	”blameless, beyond accusation”
Destination rendering	ਬੇਦੋਸ਼ / ਦੋਸ਼ ਰਹਿਤ
Risk	Low-Medium

Term	μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἀνήρ (mias gynaikos anēr)
Literal meaning	”a one-woman man” (idiom for marital faithfulness)
Destination rendering	ਇੱਕ ਪਤਨੀ ਦਾ ਪਤੀ
Risk	Medium — idiom must be rendered for its faithfulness sense, not translated as a bare marital-status requirement

Term	ἀνυπότακτα (anypotakta)
Literal meaning	”insubordinate, unruly, not submissive”
Destination rendering	ਅਣਆਗਿਆਕਾਰ
Risk	Medium — links to “Submission to Authority” doctrine as its negative case

Term	οἰκονόμος θεοῦ (oikonomos theou)
Literal meaning	”steward/manager of God[‘s household]“
Destination rendering	ਪਰਮੇਸ਼ੁਰ ਦਾ ਭੰਡਾਰੀ
Risk	Medium — reinforces that eldership is a delegated stewardship, not personal ownership of authority

Term	αὐθάδη, ὀργίλον, πάροινον, πλήκτην, αἰσχροκερδῆ (authadē, orgilon, paroinon, plēktēn, aischrokerdē)
Literal meaning	”self-willed, quick-tempered, given to wine, violent, greedy for [shameful] gain” — a vice-list
Destination rendering	ਹਠੀ, ਗੁੱਸੇਖੋਰ, ਸ਼ਰਾਬੀ, ਹਿੰਸਕ, ਲਾਲਚੀ
Risk	Low-Medium each — standard disqualifying vices; low doctrinal ambiguity

Term	φιλόξενον, φιλάγαθον, σώφρονα, δίκαιον, ὅσιον, ἐγκρατῆ (philoxenon, philagathon, sōphrona, dikaion, hosion, egkratē)
Literal meaning	”hospitable, lover of good, self-controlled, just, holy/devout, disciplined” — a virtue-list
Destination rendering	ਪਰਾਏ-ਦੋਸਤ (ਸੇਵਾਭਾਵੀ), ਭਲਾਈ-ਪਸੰਦ, ਸੰਜਮੀ, ਧਾਰਮਿਕ (from ਧਾਰਮਿਕਤਾ — NEVER ਧਰਮੀ ਭਾਵ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਹਰ ਜਾ ਕੇ ਧਰਮ ਦੇ ਅਰਥ ਵਿੱਚ), ਪਵਿੱਤਰ (baseline TM), ਸੰਜਮੀ/ਆਪੇ ‘ਤੇ ਕਾਬੂ ਰੱਖਣ ਵਾਲਾ
Risk	δίκαιον is High specifically because its adjectival form must stay visibly tied to ਧਾਰਮਿਕਤਾ and never drift toward the bare noun ਧਰਮ; ὅσιον/ἐγκρατῆ are Low-Medium

Term	ἀντεχόμενον τοῦ πιστοῦ λόγου (antechomenon tou pistou logou)
Literal meaning	”holding firmly to the trustworthy word/message”
Destination rendering	ਭਰੋਸੇਯੋਗ ਬਚਨ ਨੂੰ ਪਕੜ ਕੇ ਰੱਖਣ ਵਾਲਾ
Risk	Medium

Term	διδασκαλία ὑγιαίνουσα (didaskalia hygiainousa)
Literal meaning	”healthy/sound teaching” (ὑγιαίνω, “to be healthy,” gives the metaphor its force: doctrine that produces spiritual health versus disease)
Semantic range	A signature Pastoral-Epistles phrase (also 1 Tim, 2 Tim)
English variants	sound doctrine, healthy teaching, wholesome teaching
Contextual theological meaning	The doctrinal anchor of “Sound Doctrine and Good Works” — teaching is evaluated by its life-giving versus corrupting effect, echoed structurally in 2:1 and 2:8
Destination rendering	ਖਰੀ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ (khari sikkhia, “sound/true teaching”)
Risk	High — must be distinguished from any suggestion of “one valid teaching path among several” (a live risk in a religiously plural Punjab where multiple scriptural traditions each claim internal soundness); “ਖਰੀ” (genuine, unadulterated) should be reinforced with explicit reference to apostolic teaching as its exclusive standard.

Term	ἀντιλέγοντας ἐλέγχειν (antilegontas elegchein)
Literal meaning	”to refute those who contradict/oppose”
Destination rendering	ਵਿਰੋਧ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਜਵਾਬ ਦੇਣਾ
Risk	Low-Medium

1:10–16 — False Teachers and the Circumcision Party

Term	ματαιολόγοι, φρεναπάται (mataiologoi, phrenapatai)
Literal meaning	”empty talkers, deceivers of the mind”
Destination rendering	ਵਿਅਰਥ ਬੋਲਣ ਵਾਲੇ, ਧੋਖੇਬਾਜ਼
Risk	Low

Term	οἱ ἐκ περιτομῆς (hoi ek peritomēs)
Literal meaning	”those of the circumcision [party]“
Destination rendering	ਸੁੰਨਤੀ ਧੜਾ
Risk	Low-Medium — historical Jewish-Christian faction; low risk of misreading in Punjab given minimal contemporary resonance, but flag for context note (Old Covenant background)

Term	αἰσχροῦ κέρδους (aischrou kerdous)
Literal meaning	”shameful/dishonest gain”
Destination rendering	ਸ਼ਰਮਨਾਕ ਲਾਲਚ
Risk	Low

Term	Ἰουδαϊκοῖς μύθοις (Ioudaikois mythois)
Literal meaning	”Jewish myths/fables”
Destination rendering	ਯਹੂਦੀ ਕਹਾਣੀਆਂ
Risk	Low-Medium — feeds directly into “Avoiding Divisive Controversies”; ensure this reads as a specific historical polemic (speculative legalistic elaborations), not a blanket dismissal of the Old Testament itself

Term	ἐντολαῖς ἀνθρώπων (entolais anthrōpōn)
Literal meaning	”commandments of men”
Destination rendering	ਮਨੁੱਖਾਂ ਦੇ ਹੁਕਮ — note: here ਹੁਕਮ is safe because it is explicitly attributed to ἄνθρωπος (mere human beings), the opposite of divine ਹੁਕਮ, so no confusion with Sikh liturgical usage arises
Risk	Low-Medium

Term	ἀποστρεφομένων τὴν ἀλήθειαν (apostrephomenōn tēn alētheian)
Literal meaning	”turning away from the truth”
Destination rendering	ਸੱਚਾਈ ਤੋਂ ਮੁੜਨ ਵਾਲੇ
Risk	Medium

Term	πάντα καθαρὰ τοῖς καθαροῖς … μεμιαμμένοις καὶ ἀπίστοις οὐδὲν καθαρόν (panta kathara tois katharois … memiammenois kai apistois ouden katharon)
Literal meaning	”all things are pure/clean to the pure … to the defiled and unbelieving nothing is pure/clean”
Contextual theological meaning	Purity is a matter of inner moral-spiritual condition (linked to faith), not ritual food/purity codes — directly relevant given Punjab’s strong ritual-purity traditions (jhatka/kutha food distinctions, Hindu purity codes)
Destination rendering	ਪਵਿੱਤਰਾਂ ਲਈ ਸਭ ਕੁਝ ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਹੈ … ਭ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟ ਅਤੇ ਅਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸੀਆਂ ਲਈ ਕੁਝ ਵੀ ਪਵਿੱਤਰ ਨਹੀਂ
Risk	High — a genuine flashpoint if read as endorsing or denying specific dietary purity rules rather than the intended point about inward moral condition; requires a translator note

Term	νοῦς καὶ συνείδησις μεμιασμένη (nous kai syneidēsis memiasmenē)
Literal meaning	”mind and conscience defiled”
Destination rendering	ਮਨ ਅਤੇ ਅੰਤਹਕਰਣ ਭ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟ
Risk	Medium

Term	θεὸν ὁμολογοῦσιν εἰδέναι, τοῖς δὲ ἔργοις ἀρνοῦνται (theon homologousin eidenai, tois de ergois arnountai)
Literal meaning	”they profess to know God but deny [him] by their works/deeds”
Contextual theological meaning	The negative counterpart to “good works” as evidence of true faith — deeds exposing false profession, distinct from the positive good-works fruit of 2:14/3:8
Risk	High — good works vocabulary appears here in its accusing, negative sense; translators must not blur it with the positive “good works” doctrine elsewhere

Term	πρὸς πᾶν ἔργον ἀγαθὸν ἀδόκιμοι (pros pan ergon agathon adokimoi)
Literal meaning	”disqualified/unfit for every good work”
Risk	High — same note as above; ἔργον ἀγαθόν is the recurring “good works” term, see glossary

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Chapter 2:1–10 (non-core portion; 2:11–15 treated above in the Core Passage)

Term	διδασκαλία τῇ ὑγιαινούσῃ (didaskalia tē hygiainousē)
Risk	High — reuse of 1:9’s “sound doctrine” term; opens the household-code section under the same banner

Term	πρεσβύτας / πρεσβύτιδας (presbytas / presbytidas)
Literal meaning	”older men / older women”
Destination rendering	ਬਿਰਧ ਮਰਦ / ਬਿਰਧ ਤੀਵੀਆਂ
Risk	Low — here a natural age-category, NOT the office term ਬਜ਼ੁਰਗ used for 1:5’s πρεσβύτερος; keep the two carefully distinct in Punjabi so lay older members are not confused with the ordained eldership role

Term	νηφαλίους, σεμνούς, σώφρονας (nēphalious, semnous, sōphronas)
Literal meaning	”sober/temperate, dignified, self-controlled”
Destination rendering	ਹੋਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਰਹਿਣ ਵਾਲੇ, ਗੰਭੀਰ, ਸੰਜਮੀ
Risk	Low

Term	ὑγιαίνοντας τῇ πίστει, τῇ ἀγάπῃ, τῇ ὑπομονῇ (hygiainontas tē pistei, tē agapē, tē hypomonē)
Literal meaning	”sound in faith, love, endurance”
Risk	Medium — extends the “sound/healthy” metaphor from doctrine to character; keep ਨਿਹਚਾ (baseline) consistent

Term	ἱεροπρεπεῖς (hieroprepeis)
Literal meaning	”reverent, behaving as befits sacred things”
Destination rendering	ਪਵਿੱਤਰਤਾ ਦੇ ਯੋਗ ਵਿਵਹਾਰ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ
Risk	Medium — built on ਪਵਿੱਤਰ (baseline); avoid suggesting a priestly/ritual-caste class, since this describes ordinary older women’s demeanor

Term	μὴ διαβόλους, μὴ οἴνῳ πολλῷ δεδουλωμένας, καλοδιδασκάλους (mē diabolous, mē oinō pollō dedoulōmenas, kalodidaskalous)
Literal meaning	”not slanderers, not enslaved to much wine, teachers of what is good”
Destination rendering	ਨਿੰਦਿਆ ਨਾ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ, ਸ਼ਰਾਬ ਦੀਆਂ ਗੁਲਾਮ ਨਾ, ਭਲਾਈ ਦੀਆਂ ਸਿੱਖਿਅਕ
Risk	Low

Term	σωφρονίζωσιν τὰς νέας, φιλάνδρους, φιλοτέκνους (sōphronizōsin tas neas, philandrous, philoteknous)
Literal meaning	”train the young women [to be] husband-loving, child-loving”
Destination rendering	ਜਵਾਨ ਤੀਵੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਿਖਾਉਣ, ਪਤੀ-ਪਿਆਰੀਆਂ, ਬਾਲ-ਪਿਆਰੀਆਂ
Risk	Medium — apply carefully to keep the tone as household-order instruction rather than devaluing women’s broader calling; consistent with baseline’s caution on gender-language conventions

Term	ὑποτασσομένας τοῖς ἰδίοις ἀνδράσιν (hypotassomenas tois idiois andrasin)
Punjabi	ਆਪੋ-ਆਪਣੇ ਪਤੀਆਂ ਦੇ ਅਧੀਨ ਹੋਣ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ
Risk	High — same ὑποτάσσω verb as 3:1’s civil-authority submission; “Submission to Authority” doctrine’s household application, requiring the same voluntary-not-coerced framing

Term	μὴ βλασφημῆται ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ (mē blasphēmētai ho logos tou theou)
Literal meaning	”so that the word of God may not be blasphemed/slandered”
Risk	Medium — ties household conduct to gospel witness credibility, a strong honor/shame-sensitive motivation in Punjabi culture

Term	τύπον παρεχόμενος καλῶν ἔργων, ἀφθορίαν, σεμνότητα, λόγον ὑγιῆ ἀκατάγνωστον (typon parechomenos kalōn ergōn, aphthorian, semnotēta, logon hygiē akatagnōston)
Literal meaning	”showing yourself a pattern of good works, integrity, dignity, sound speech beyond reproach”
Risk	High — reuses both “good works” and “sound” (ὑγιής) vocabulary; keep consistent with 1:9’s and 2:14/3:8’s terms

Term	δούλους ἰδίοις δεσπόταις ὑποτάσσεσθαι (doulous idiois despotais hypotassesthai)
Literal meaning	”slaves [to] submit to their own masters”
Destination rendering	ਦਾਸ ਆਪੋ-ਆਪਣੇ ਮਾਲਕਾਂ ਦੇ ਅਧੀਨ ਹੋਣ
Risk	Medium-High — third occurrence of ὑποτάσσω in the household code; requires a contextual note that this addresses conduct within an existing 1st-century social structure with gospel ethics, not an endorsement of slavery as an institution

Term	εὐαρέστους, μὴ ἀντιλέγοντας, μὴ νοσφιζομένους, πίστιν πᾶσαν ἐνδεικνυμένους ἀγαθήν (euarestous, mē antilegontas, mē nosphizomenous, pistin pasan endeiknymenous agathēn)
Literal meaning	”well-pleasing, not talking back, not pilfering, showing all good faith/faithfulness”
Risk	Low-Medium

Term	κοσμῶσιν τὴν διδασκαλίαν (kosmōsin tēn didaskalian)
Literal meaning	”[so that] they may adorn the teaching/doctrine”
Contextual theological meaning	Life as ornament that makes sound doctrine’s beauty visible and credible — closes the household-code unit by returning to διδασκαλία (doctrine), leading directly into v.11’s grace
Risk	High — reinforces “Sound Doctrine and Good Works” as the section’s thesis before the core passage begins

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Chapter 3:9–15 (non-core portion; 3:1–8 treated above in the Core Passage)

Term	μωρὰς ζητήσεις (mōras zētēseis)
Literal meaning	”foolish controversies/investigations”
Destination rendering	ਮੂਰਖਤਾ ਭਰੀਆਂ ਬਹਿਸਾਂ
Risk	Low — anchors “Avoiding Divisive Controversies” doctrine

Term	γενεαλογίας (genealogias)
Literal meaning	”genealogies”
Destination rendering	ਕੁਲਪੱਤਰੀਆਂ
Risk	Low

Term	ἔρεις καὶ μάχας νομικάς (ereis kai machas nomikas)
Literal meaning	”strifes and fights about the law”
Destination rendering	ਝਗੜੇ ਅਤੇ ਬਿਵਸਥਾ ਸੰਬੰਧੀ ਲੜਾਈਆਂ
Risk	Medium — ਬਿਵਸਥਾ (baseline TM) reused; νομικός here signals disputes ABOUT the Mosaic law’s fine points, a historically Jewish-Christian controversy, requiring a brief contextual note for readers unfamiliar with that background

Term	περιίστασο (periistaso)
Literal meaning	”avoid, keep away from, stand apart from”
Destination rendering	ਦੂਰ ਰਹੋ
Risk	Low

Term	ἀνωφελεῖς καὶ μάταιοι (anōpheleis kai mataioi)
Literal meaning	”unprofitable and worthless/empty”
Destination rendering	ਬੇਫ਼ਾਇਦਾ ਅਤੇ ਵਿਅਰਥ
Risk	Low

Term	αἱρετικὸν ἄνθρωπον (hairetikon anthrōpon)
Literal meaning	”a divisive/factious person” (root of English “heretic,” though here closer to “one who causes party-strife” than a fixed doctrinal-heresy category)
Destination rendering	ਫੁੱਟ ਪਾਉਣ ਵਾਲਾ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ
Risk	Medium — the direct anchor term for “Avoiding Divisive Controversies”; must be read as describing someone who persistently sows division after being warned, not merely someone who disagrees once

Term	παραιτοῦ (paraitou)
Literal meaning	”reject, have nothing further to do with”
Destination rendering	ਤਿਆਗ ਦਿਓ / ਨਾਲ ਸੰਬੰਧ ਨਾ ਰੱਖੋ
Risk	Low-Medium

Term	ἐξέστραπται, αὐτοκατάκριτος (exestraptai, autokatakritos)
Literal meaning	”is warped/perverted, self-condemned”
Destination rendering	ਟੇਢਾ ਹੋ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ, ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਦੋਸ਼ੀ ਠਹਿਰਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ
Risk	Low-Medium

Term	ἄκαρποι (akarpoi)
Literal meaning	”unfruitful”
Contextual theological meaning	Negative counterpart to the “good works” fruit theme closing the letter (3:14)
Destination rendering	ਬੇਫਲ
Risk	Medium — links back to καλῶν ἔργων vocabulary

Term	χάρις μετὰ πάντων ὑμῶν (charis meta pantōn hymōn)
Punjabi	ਕਿਰਪਾ ਤੁਹਾਡੇ ਸਾਰਿਆਂ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਹੋਵੇ (baseline TM ਕਿਰਪਾ reused)
Risk	High, per baseline — closing benediction, consistency with all other Pauline closings required

Proper names in 3:12–13 (Ἀρτεμᾶς, Τυχικός, Ζηνᾶς, Ἀπολλῶς — Artemas, Tychicus, Zenas, Apollos) and νομικόν (nomikon, “lawyer”) carry no theological risk; transliterate per established Punjabi Bible proper-name conventions.

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Summary of New-to-Titus Critical/High-Risk Terms Requiring Registry Entries

1. σωτήρ (Savior) — Critical
2. ἐπιφάνεια/ἐπεφάνη (appearing/epiphany) — High
3. παλιγγενεσία (regeneration) — Critical
4. λουτρόν (washing) — High
5. εὐσέβεια (godliness) — High
6. διδασκαλία ὑγιαίνουσα (sound doctrine) — High
7. πρεσβύτερος (elder) — High
8. ἐπίσκοπος (overseer) — High
9. ἔργον ἀγαθόν/καλόν (good works) — High
10. ὑποτάσσεσθαι (submit/be subject) — High
11. ἀνομία (lawlessness) — Medium (flagged for careful non-ਧਰਮ handling)
12. ἔλεος (mercy) — Medium-High
13. λύτρωσις (redemption) — High
14. αἱρετικὸς ἄνθρωπος (divisive person) — Medium

See 08_core_glossary.md for the full consolidated glossary table.