Core Glossary

Core Glossary — Colossians (English → Indonesian)

How to Use This Glossary

Every term below carries a risk tier (Critical / High / Medium / Low) using the identical definitions from the Romans baseline doctrine_risk_registry.json.
Terms marked [reuse] already exist in the Romans translation_memory.json / bible_term_registry.json and MUST use the identical Indonesian rendering — no deviation permitted.
New terms are proposed for addition to translation memory and require theologian sign-off before Phase 2 processing if tagged Critical or High.
Table is organized by chapter of first occurrence; a term’s full doctrinal treatment appears in 07_semantic_analysis.md.

Section A — Critical & High Risk Quick-Reference (Priority Review List)

#	English Term	Indonesian Rendering	Risk	Doctrine	First Occurrence	Reuse Status
1	Image of God	gambar Allah	Critical	Supremacy of Christ / Deity of Christ	1:15	New
2	Firstborn of all creation	yang lahir lebih dahulu dari segala yang diciptakan	Critical	Supremacy of Christ over Creation	1:15	New
3	Firstborn from the dead	yang pertama bangkit dari antara orang mati	High	Resurrection of Christ	1:18	Extends [reuse: kebangkitan]
4	Fullness (of Christ/God)	kepenuhan	Critical	Fullness of Deity in Christ Bodily	1:19, 2:9	New
5	Fullness of Deity, bodily	kepenuhan ke-Allahan secara jasmani	Critical	Fullness of Deity in Christ Bodily	2:9	New
6	Reconciliation	memperdamaikan / pendamaian	Critical	Reconciliation through the Cross	1:20, 1:22	New
7	Blood of the cross	darah salib	Critical	Reconciliation through the Cross	1:20	New
8	Redemption	penebusan	Critical	Reconciliation through the Cross / Salvation	1:14	Extends [related: keselamatan, pembenaran]
9	Union with Christ (buried/raised with)	dikuburkan bersama Kristus / dibangkitkan bersama Kristus	Critical	Union with Christ	2:12, 3:1	New
10	Kingdom of the beloved Son	Kerajaan Anak yang dikasihi-Nya	Critical	Christ as Head of the Church / Sonship of Christ	1:13	Extends [reuse: Kerajaan Allah, son_of_god]
11	Head (of the church/cosmos)	kepala	High	Christ as Head of the Church	1:18, 2:10, 2:19	New
12	Elemental spirits of the world	roh-roh dunia	High	Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism	2:8, 2:20	New
13	Worship of angels	penyembahan malaikat	High	Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism	2:18	New
14	Self-made religion (asceticism)	ibadah yang dibuat-buat sendiri	High	Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism	2:23	New
15	Philosophy (false teaching)	filsafat	High	Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism	2:8	New
16	Mystery (of Christ)	rahasia (Kristus)	High	Fullness of Deity / Union with Christ	1:26-27, 2:2, 4:3	New
17	Circumcision (of Christ)	sunat	High	Union with Christ	2:11	New
18	Old self	manusia lama	High	Putting Off the Old Self	3:9	New
19	New self	manusia baru	High	Putting On the New	3:10	New
20	Wisdom	hikmat	High	Warning against False Teaching / Sufficiency of Christ	1:9, 2:3, 4:5	New
21	Knowledge (true, in Christ)	pengetahuan / pengenalan	High	Sufficiency of Christ	1:9-10, 2:2-3	New
22	Hope	pengharapan	High	Reconciliation / Assurance	1:5, 1:23, 1:27	New
23	Submit (wives)	tunduk	High	Household Codes	3:18	New
24	Slaves/bondservants	hamba	High	Household Codes	3:22	New
25	Wrath of God	murka Allah	High	Putting Off the Old Self	3:6	New
26	Dominions (kyriotētes)	kerajaan	High	Supremacy of Christ over Creation	1:16	New (collision risk with Kerajaan Allah)
27	Christ is all and in all	Kristus adalah semua dan di dalam segala sesuatu	High	Unity in Christ	3:11	Extends [reuse: unity_of_jews_and_gentiles]

Section B — Full Glossary by Chapter

Chapter 1

English Term	Indonesian	Risk	Category	Original (Translit.)	Passage(s)	Notes
apostle	rasul	Critical	Apostleship	ἀπόστολος (apostolos)	1:1	[reuse] — identical baseline entry and note apply
saints / holy ones	orang-orang kudus	Medium	Sainthood	ἅγιοι (hagioi)	1:2, 1:26	[reuse]
grace	anugerah	High	Grace	χάρις (charis)	1:2, 1:6	[reuse]
gospel	Injil	High	Gospel	εὐαγγέλιον (euangelion)	1:5, 1:23	[reuse]
faith	iman	High	Faith	πίστις (pistis)	1:4, 1:23	[reuse]
hope	pengharapan	High	Assurance / Reconciliation	ἐλπίς (elpis)	1:5, 1:23, 1:27	New. Distinguish from Islamic raja’ (hope amid uncertain deeds-weighing); grounded in a finished, guaranteed work.
love	kasih	Medium	Mutual Edification	ἀγάπη (agapē)	1:4, 1:8	New but low risk; standard shared vocabulary.
bear fruit	berbuah	Low	Gospel	καρποφορέω (karpophoreō)	1:6, 1:10	New, low risk, standard agricultural metaphor.
knowledge (full/true)	pengetahuan / pengenalan	High	Sufficiency of Christ	ἐπίγνωσις (epignōsis)	1:9-10	New. Anchor to Christ specifically; avoid resonance with Javanese kebatinan / esoteric “hidden knowledge” traditions.
wisdom	hikmat	High	Sufficiency of Christ	σοφία (sophia)	1:9, 1:28	New. Collision risk with Islamic hikmah and indigenous mystical wisdom traditions; anchor to Christ (2:3).
power of God	kuasa Allah	Medium	Power of God	δύναμις/κράτος (dynamis/kratos)	1:11, 1:29	[extends reuse] power_of_god baseline entry
endurance / patience	ketekunan / kesabaran	Low	—	ὑπομονή/μακροθυμία (hypomonē/makrothymia)	1:11	New, low risk
inheritance	warisan / bagian	Medium	Adoption	κληρονομία (klēronomia)	1:12	New. Link explicitly to adoption doctrine, not merit-based reward.
redemption	penebusan	Critical	Salvation	ἀπολύτρωσις (apolytrōsis, implied)	1:14	New. No Islamic equivalent (no ransom-payment soteriology); pairs with baseline salvation/justification framing.
forgiveness of sins	pengampunan dosa	High	Salvation	ἄφεσις τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν (aphesis tōn hamartiōn)	1:14	New; extends baseline dosa. Must retain grace-basis, not deeds-and-mercy framework.
kingdom of the beloved Son	Kerajaan Anak yang dikasihi-Nya	Critical	Sonship of Christ / Kingdom	βασιλεία τοῦ υἱοῦ τῆς ἀγάπης αὐτοῦ	1:13	New; extends baseline Kerajaan Allah + son_of_god. Requires theologian-reviewed note (eternal Sonship, not procreation).
image of God	gambar Allah	Critical	Deity of Christ	εἰκών τοῦ θεοῦ (eikōn tou theou)	1:15	New. Direct collision with Islamic aniconism and denial of divine embodiment/representation.
invisible	tidak kelihatan	Medium	Deity of Christ	ἀόρατος (aoratos)	1:15	New; pairs with “image” entry above.
firstborn of all creation	yang lahir lebih dahulu dari segala yang diciptakan	Critical	Supremacy over Creation	πρωτότοκος πάσης κτίσεως	1:15	New. Risk of Arian-adjacent misreading (Christ as created); requires mandatory framing note every occurrence.
creation / created	ciptaan / diciptakan	Medium	Supremacy over Creation	κτίσις/κτίζω (ktisis/ktizō)	1:15-16, 1:23	New, standard.
thrones	takhta	Medium	Supremacy over Creation	θρόνοι (thronoi)	1:16	New.
dominions	kerajaan	High	Supremacy over Creation	κυριότητες (kyriotētes)	1:16	New. Collision/confusion risk with baseline Kerajaan Allah; disambiguation note mandatory.
rulers	pemerintah	Medium	Supremacy over Creation	ἀρχαί (archai)	1:16, 2:10, 2:15	New.
authorities	penguasa	Medium	Supremacy over Creation	ἐξουσίαι (exousiai)	1:16, 2:10, 2:15	New. Also echoes baseline concern re: government/authority (Rom 13:1).
hold together / consist	ada bersatu padu di dalam Dia	Medium	Supremacy over Creation / Providence	συνέστηκεν (synestēken)	1:17	New; extends baseline pemeliharaan Allah concept, now Christ-centered.
head (of the body)	kepala	High	Christ as Head of the Church	κεφαλή (kephalē)	1:18, 2:10, 2:19	New. Must retain organic life-giving sense, not merely administrative authority.
body	tubuh	Medium	Christ as Head of the Church	σῶμα (sōma)	1:18, 1:24	New.
church	jemaat	Medium	Church as God’s People	ἐκκλησία (ekklēsia)	1:18, 1:24, 4:15-16	[reuse]
beginning	yang awal / permulaan	Low	Christ as Head of the Church	ἀρχή (archē)	1:18	New, low risk.
firstborn from the dead	yang pertama bangkit dari antara orang mati	High	Resurrection of Christ	πρωτότοκος ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν	1:18	New; extends baseline kebangkitan/resurrection_of_christ.
preeminent	yang terutama	Low-Medium	Christ as Head of the Church	πρωτεύων (prōteuōn)	1:18	New.
fullness	kepenuhan	Critical	Fullness of Deity	πλήρωμα (plērōma)	1:19, 2:9	New. Hinge term to 2:9; requires theologian-level review.
pleased / willed	berkenan	Medium	Fullness of Deity	εὐδοκέω (eudokeō)	1:19	New.
dwell	berdiam	Medium	Fullness of Deity / Incarnation	κατοικέω (katoikeō)	1:19	New; must convey permanent, not temporary, indwelling.
reconcile	memperdamaikan	Critical	Reconciliation through the Cross	ἀποκαταλλάσσω (apokatallassō)	1:20, 1:22	New. No Islamic soteriological equivalent; mandatory framing note.
making peace	mengadakan pendamaian	High	Reconciliation through the Cross	εἰρηνοποιέω (eirēnopoieō)	1:20	New.
blood	darah	Critical	Reconciliation through the Cross	αἷμα (haima)	1:20	New.
cross	salib	Critical	Reconciliation through the Cross	σταυρός (stauros)	1:20	New. Direct collision with Quran 4:157’s denial of the crucifixion.
alienated / estranged	terasing	Medium	Reconciliation through the Cross	ἀπηλλοτριωμένος (apēllotriōmenos)	1:21	New.
hostile in mind	seteru dalam pikiran	Medium	Reconciliation through the Cross	ἐχθρός τῇ διανοί�ᾳ	1:21	New.
holy, blameless, above reproach	kudus, tak bercacat, tak bercela	Medium	Sainthood / Sanctification	ἅγιος, ἄμωμος, ἀνέγκλητος	1:22	[kudus reuse]; others new, low-medium.
suffering / afflictions	penderitaan	Medium	Christ-Centered Ministry	πάθημα (pathēma)	1:24	New. Must not imply supplementing Christ’s atonement.
minister	pelayan	Medium	Church	διάκονος (diakonos)	1:23, 1:25	New.
stewardship	tugas kepengurusan	Medium	Christ-Centered Ministry	οἰκονομία (oikonomia)	1:25	New.
mystery	rahasia	High	Fullness of Deity / Union with Christ	μυστήριον (mystērion)	1:26-27, 2:2, 4:3	New. Must anchor to specific revealed content (Christ), avoid resonance with occult “hidden knowledge” (ilmu ghaib).
mature / perfect	sempurna / dewasa	Medium	Christ-Centered Ministry	τέλειος (teleios)	1:28	New. Must not imply self-achieved perfection.
struggle / toil	berjuang / berjerih lelah	Low	Christ-Centered Ministry	ἀγωνίζομαι (agōnizomai)	1:29, 2:1	New, low risk.

Chapter 2

English Term	Indonesian	Risk	Category	Original (Translit.)	Passage(s)	Notes
treasures of wisdom and knowledge	harta hikmat dan pengetahuan	High	Sufficiency of Christ	θησαυροὶ σοφίας καὶ γνώσεως	2:3	New; extends 1:9 entries.
persuasive speech	kata-kata yang meyakinkan	Low-Medium	Warning against False Teaching	πιθανολογία (pithanologia)	2:4	New.
walk (conduct one’s life)	hidup / berjalan	Low	Union with Christ	περιπατέω (peripateō)	2:6, 3:7, 4:5	New, recurring idiom; consistent rendering required.
rooted / built up	berakar / dibangun	Low	Union with Christ	ῥιζόω / ἐποικοδομέω	2:7	New, low risk.
philosophy	filsafat	High	Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism	φιλοσοφία (philosophia)	2:8	New. Must be qualified as the specific false teaching, not intellectual inquiry generally.
empty deceit	tipu daya yang kosong	Low	Warning against False Teaching	κενὴ ἀπάτη (kenē apatē)	2:8	New.
tradition of men	tradisi manusia	Medium	Warning against False Teaching	παράδοσις τῶν ἀνθρώπων	2:8	New.
elemental spirits of the world	roh-roh dunia	High	Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism	στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου	2:8, 2:20	New. Collision with Indonesian animistic/folk-spiritual worldview; teach as already-defeated, subordinate powers.
fullness of Deity, bodily	kepenuhan ke-Allahan secara jasmani	Critical	Fullness of Deity in Christ Bodily	πλήρωμα τῆς θεότητος σωματικῶς	2:9	New. Highest-risk phrase in the book; mandatory theologian-reviewed note every occurrence.
head of all rule and authority	kepala atas semua pemerintah dan penguasa	High	Christ as Head of the Church	κεφαλὴ πάσης ἀρχῆς καὶ ἐξουσίας	2:10	[extends 1:16/1:18 reuse]
circumcision	sunat	High	Union with Christ	περιτομή (peritomē)	2:11	New. Collision with Islamic khitan/sunat as identity marker; must specify “circumcision of Christ” is spiritual, not physical.
baptism	baptisan	Medium	Union with Christ	βάπτισμα (baptisma)	2:12	New, standard established term.
buried with / raised with (Christ)	dikuburkan bersama Kristus / dibangkitkan bersama Kristus	Critical	Union with Christ	συνθάπτω / συνεγείρω	2:12, 3:1	New. Core curriculum doctrine; no Islamic parallel.
dead in trespasses	mati dalam dosa-dosa	Medium	Sin	νεκρὸς ἐν τοῖς παραπτώμασιν	2:13	New; extends baseline dosa.
made alive together	dihidupkan bersama-sama dengan Dia	High	Union with Christ	συζωοποιέω (synezōopoiēsen)	2:13	New.
record of debt	surat hutang / catatan hutang	Medium	Reconciliation through the Cross	χειρόγραφον (cheirographon)	2:14	New. Legal metaphor for guilt cancelled by the cross.
disarmed rulers and authorities	melucuti pemerintah-pemerintah dan penguasa-penguasa	High	Supremacy of Christ	ἀπεκδύομαι τὰς ἀρχὰς καὶ τὰς ἐξουσίας	2:15	New; extends 1:16 entries.
triumphing over them	mengaraknya sebagai kemenangan	Low-Medium	Supremacy of Christ	θριαμβεύω (thriambeuō)	2:15	New. Requires cultural gloss (Roman “triumph” custom unfamiliar in Indonesia).
sabbath	sabat	Low-Medium	Warning against False Teaching	σάββατον (sabbaton)	2:16	New. Low Islamic-collision risk; teach as freedom from ceremonial law as righteousness-marker.
shadow	bayang-bayang	Low	Fulfillment of Prophecy	σκιά (skia)	2:17	New, low risk.
worship of angels	penyembahan malaikat	High	Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism	θρησκεία τῶν ἀγγέλων	2:18	New. Parallels baseline concern re: wali veneration; Christ alone is sufficient mediator.
self-abasement / (false) humility	merendahkan diri (semu)	Medium	Warning against False Teaching	ταπεινοφροσύνη (negative sense)	2:18, 2:23	New; context-sensitive (contrast with 3:12’s positive sense).
regulations	peraturan-peraturan	Low-Medium	Warning against False Teaching	δόγματα (dogmata)	2:14, 2:20	New.
self-made religion	ibadah yang dibuat-buat sendiri	High	Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism	ἐθελοθρησκία (ethelothrēskia)	2:23	New. Direct collision with central Islamic term ibadah; must be framed as critique of self-invented rule-keeping specifically, not devotion/worship as such.

Chapter 3

English Term	Indonesian	Risk	Category	Original (Translit.)	Passage(s)	Notes
set mind on things above	pikirkanlah perkara-perkara yang di atas	Low-Medium	Union with Christ	τὰ ἄνω φρονεῖτε	3:2	New.
hidden with Christ in God	tersembunyi bersama Kristus di dalam Allah	Medium	Union with Christ	κέκρυπται σὺν τῷ Χριστῷ ἐν τῷ θεῷ	3:3	New.
put to death (sin)	matikanlah	Medium	Putting Off the Old Self	νεκρόω (nekroō)	3:5	New.
sexual immorality	percabulan	Medium	Sin	πορνεία (porneia)	3:5	New, standard.
impurity	kecemaran	Low	Sin	ἀκαθαρσία (akatharsia)	3:5	New, low risk.
passion / evil desire	hawa nafsu / keinginan jahat	Low-Medium	Sin	πάθος / ἐπιθυμία κακή	3:5	New.
covetousness = idolatry	keserakahan = penyembahan berhala	Medium	Sin	πλεονεξία / εἰδωλολατρία	3:5	New. Broadly shared vocabulary across Indonesian religions; low direct collision but avoid reducing to generic moralism.
wrath of God	murka Allah	High	Universal Human Accountability	ὀργὴ τοῦ θεοῦ	3:6	New. Must remain personal/relational, not impersonal cosmic consequence.
put off (old self)	buangkanlah / tanggalkanlah	Medium	Putting Off the Old Self	ἀποτίθημι (apotithēmi)	3:8	New.
old self	manusia lama	High	Putting Off the Old Self	παλαιὸς ἄνθρωπος	3:9	New. Must be taught as a completed identity-change in union with Christ, not ongoing self-effort.
new self	manusia baru	High	Putting On the New	νέος/καινὸς ἄνθρωπος	3:10	New. Linked explicitly to Christ as the Image (1:15) being restored.
renewed in knowledge	dibarui dalam pengetahuan	Medium	Putting On the New	ἀνακαινούμενον εἰς ἐπίγνωσιν	3:10	New.
no distinction (Greek/Jew/etc.)	tidak ada lagi orang Yunani atau Yahudi…	High	Unity in Christ	Ἕλλην, Ἰουδαῖος, βάρβαρος, Σκύθης, δοῦλος, ἐλεύθερος	3:11	New; extends baseline bangsa-bangsa lain / unity_of_jews_and_gentiles. Preserve unsoftened, all-inclusive claim.
Christ is all and in all	Kristus adalah semua dan di dalam segala sesuatu	High	Unity in Christ / Supremacy of Christ	τὰ πάντα καὶ ἐν πᾶσιν Χριστός	3:11	New.
God’s chosen, holy and beloved	orang-orang pilihan Allah yang kudus dan yang dikasihi	High	Election / Sainthood	ἐκλεκτοὶ τοῦ θεοῦ, ἅγιοι, ἠγαπημένοι	3:12	[extends reuse] pemilihan + kudus.
put on (new self/virtues)	kenakanlah	Medium	Putting On the New	ἐνδύω (endyō)	3:12	New.
bond of perfection	pengikat yang mempersatukan dalam kesempurnaan	Low-Medium	Mutual Edification	σύνδεσμος τῆς τελειότητος	3:14	New.
peace of Christ	damai sejahtera Kristus	Medium	Peace with God	εἰρήνη τοῦ Χριστοῦ	3:15	[extends reuse] damai sejahtera.
word of Christ	firman Kristus	Medium	Inspiration of Scripture	λόγος τοῦ Χριστοῦ	3:16	New; keep consistent with “Firman” terminology used for Incarnation phrase.
psalms, hymns, spiritual songs	nyanyian mazmur, puji-pujian, nyanyian rohani	Low	Christian Fellowship	ψαλμοί, ὕμνοι, ᾠδαὶ πνευματικαί	3:16	New, low risk.
thanksgiving	ucapan syukur	Low	Thanksgiving	εὐχαριστία (eucharistia)	3:15, 3:17	[reuse]
submit (wives)	tunduk	High	Household Codes	ὑποτάσσομαι (hypotassomai)	3:18	New. Collision risk with Islamic taat framework; preserve “in the Lord” qualification and husband’s counter-command to love.
love (husbands)	kasihilah	Medium	Household Codes	ἀγαπάω (agapaō)	3:19	New.
obey (children)	taatilah	Medium	Household Codes	ὑπακούω (hypakouō)	3:20	New.
do not provoke	jangan menyakiti hati	Low	Household Codes	μὴ ἐρεθίζετε	3:21	New, low risk.
slaves / bondservants	hamba	High	Household Codes	δοῦλοι (douloi)	3:22	New. Requires historically honest framing, not timeless institutional endorsement.
fear of the Lord	takut akan Tuhan	Medium	Household Codes	φόβος τοῦ κυρίου	3:22	[extends reuse] Tuhan.

Chapter 4

English Term	Indonesian	Risk	Category	Original (Translit.)	Passage(s)	Notes
masters (human)	tuan	Medium	Household Codes	κύριοι (kyrioi)	4:1	New. Must be sharply disambiguated from Tuhan (baseline divine Lord title).
justice and fairness	keadilan dan kewajaran	Low	Household Codes	τὸ δίκαιον καὶ ἡ ἰσότης	4:1	New, low risk.
devote to prayer	bertekunlah dalam doa	Low	Prayer and Intercession	προσκαρτερέω τῇ προσευχῇ	4:2	New.
door for the word	pintu bagi firman	Low	Evangelism	θύρα τοῦ λόγου	4:3	New.
mystery of Christ	rahasia Kristus	High	Fullness of Deity / Union with Christ	μυστήριον τοῦ Χριστοῦ	4:3	[reuse from 1:26-27]
wisdom toward outsiders	hikmat terhadap orang luar	High	Evangelism	σοφία πρὸς τοὺς ἔξω	4:5	New; extends baseline evangelism sensitivity rule — witness/proclamation framing only, never inducement framing.
seasoned with salt	berbumbu dengan garam	Low	Evangelism	ἅλατι ἠρτυμένος	4:6	New, idiomatic; render for natural meaning.
fellow servant	rekan sehamba	Low	Christian Fellowship	σύνδουλος (syndoulos)	4:7	New, low risk.
fellow prisoner	rekan sepenjara	Low	Christian Fellowship	συναιχμάλωτος (synaichmalōtos)	4:10	New, low risk.

Chapter 4:7-18 (remainder): No further theological vocabulary beyond the two Low-risk terms above; the closing section consists of proper names rendered in their established Alkitab TB transliterated forms (Tikhikus, Onesimus, Aristarkhus, Markus, Yustus, Epafras, Lukas, Demas, Nimfa, Arkhipus) and personal greetings — reviewed and confirmed as introducing no new doctrinal risk.

Section C — Terms Reused Verbatim from the Romans Baseline (Confirmation List)

The following baseline terms occur in Colossians and MUST be rendered exactly as recorded in the Romans translation_memory.json; no new entries are created for them:

Term	Indonesian (baseline)	Risk (baseline)	Colossians Passages
gospel	Injil	High	1:5, 1:23, 1:28
grace	anugerah	High	1:2, 1:6, 3:16, 4:6, 4:18
faith	iman	High	1:4, 1:23, 2:5, 2:7, 2:12
holy	kudus	Medium	1:2, 1:22, 3:12
saints	orang-orang kudus	Medium	1:2, 1:4, 1:12, 1:26
church	jemaat	Medium	1:18, 1:24, 4:15-16
sin	dosa	Medium	1:14, 2:11, 2:13, 3:6-7
glory	kemuliaan	Medium	1:11, 1:27, 3:4
thanksgiving	ucapan syukur	Low	1:12, 2:7, 3:15-17, 4:2
resurrection	kebangkitan	High	(conceptually underlies 1:18, 2:12, 3:1)
lord	Tuhan	High	3:18, 3:20, 3:22-24, 4:1, 4:7, 4:17
father	Bapa	Critical	1:2, 1:3, 1:12, 3:17
election	pemilihan	Medium	3:12
power of God	kuasa Allah	Medium	1:11, 1:29
son of God (as doctrine, “beloved Son”)	Anak (yang dikasihi-Nya)	Critical	1:13
gentiles / unity of Jew and Gentile	bangsa-bangsa lain / kesatuan	High	3:11 (conceptually, via “Greek and Jew”)

This glossary must be merged into translation_memory.json (new terms added, version incremented) and bible_term_registry.json before any Phase 2 segment translation of Colossians begins, per the enforcement procedure in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.

Critical Risk Terms

Apostle

Approved rendering: rasul
Transliteration: rasul
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs Colossians 1:1 (Paul’s self-designation ‘by the will of God’). Requires the same theologian note distinguishing the NT office from the Islamic closed prophetic line culminating in Muhammad.

Son Of God

Approved rendering: Anak Allah
Transliteration: Anak Allah
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: υἱὸς / ὁ υἱὸς τῆς ἀγάπης αὐτοῦ
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. EXTENSION FOR COLOSSIANS: at 1:13 the Father’s kingdom is named the kingdom of ‘the Son he loves’ (‘Anak yang dikasihi-Nya’ — see kingdom_of_beloved_son entry); the same eternal, relational, non-procreative Sonship framing note is mandatory.

Incarnation

Approved rendering: Firman yang menjadi manusia
Transliteration: Firman yang menjadi manusia
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: inkarnasi

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Retained as the terminology anchor for teaching notes on Colossians 1:15-20 and 2:9, even though Colossians does not repeat John 1:14’s exact wording; keep ‘Firman’ consistent with 3:16’s ‘firman Kristus’ (word_of_christ entry).

Jesus

Approved rendering: Yesus
Transliteration: Yesus
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Nabi Isa
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Never Nabi Isa.

Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: Roh Kudus
Transliteration: Roh Kudus
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: πνεῦμα
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Implicit throughout Colossians in the language of spiritual wisdom/understanding (1:9) and the indwelling life of the new self. Never conflated with Ruh al-Qudus/Gabriel.

Father

Approved rendering: Bapa
Transliteration: Bapa
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs Colossians 1:2, 1:3, 1:12, 3:17. Relational/adoptive, never physical procreation. Must never be replaced by an insider-movement honorific substitution (see 12_ai_translation_requirements.md forbidden list).

Image Of God

Approved rendering: gambar Allah
Transliteration: gambar Allah
Doctrine: The Deity of Christ as the Image of God
Rejected alternatives: gambaran fisik Allah, lukisan Allah, wajah Allah
Original: εἰκὼν τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ ἀοράτου
Category: Christology

Colossians 1:15. Direct collision with Islamic aniconism and the absolute denial that Allah can be depicted or take visible form. Mandatory theologian-reviewed note every occurrence: not an idol or created likeness, but the eternal Son’s own perfect ontological disclosure of the invisible God.

Firstborn Of All Creation

Approved rendering: yang lahir lebih dahulu dari segala yang diciptakan
Transliteration: yang lahir lebih dahulu dari segala yang diciptakan
Doctrine: The Supremacy of Christ over Creation
Rejected alternatives: yang pertama diciptakan, makhluk pertama, ciptaan yang paling utama
Original: πρωτότοκος πάσης κτίσεως
Category: Christology

Colossians 1:15. Literal phrasing risks ‘the first thing created’ — an Arian-adjacent misreading that would agree with the Islamic view of Jesus as a created prophet. Mandatory framing note every occurrence: denotes rank/heirship (cf. Psalm 89:27), not chronological/created origin; reinforced by v.16-17. NEVER insert ‘yang lain’ (other) adjacent to ‘segala yang diciptakan/segala sesuatu’ anywhere in 1:15-17 — this is the specific Jehovah’s Witness New World Translation technique that must never be echoed.

Fullness

Approved rendering: kepenuhan
Transliteration: kepenuhan
Doctrine: The Fullness of Deity in Christ, Bodily
Original: πλήρωμα
Category: Christology

Colossians 1:19, 2:9 (plērōma). Hinge term connecting 1:19 to the explicit Critical phrase in 2:9; MUST be rendered identically at both occurrences to preserve Paul’s deliberate verbal echo. Same theologian-reviewed note tier as son_of_god/incarnation: a direct affirmation of full deity in a single human person, in categorical tension with tawhid.

Fullness Of Deity Bodily

Approved rendering: kepenuhan ke-Allahan secara jasmani
Transliteration: kepenuhan ke-Allahan secara jasmani
Doctrine: The Fullness of Deity in Christ, Bodily
Rejected alternatives: roh Allah yang tinggal sementara pada-Nya, kuasa Allah yang turun atas-Nya
Original: πλήρωμα τῆς θεότητος σωματικῶς
Category: Christology

Colossians 2:9 (plērōma tēs theotētos sōmatikōs). The single highest-risk phrase in this curriculum: a categorical negation of tawhid and tanzih simultaneously. Mandatory theologian-reviewed teaching note at EVERY occurrence, distinguishing this from a spirit/angel resting temporarily on a prophet — never a routine translation-memory lookup.

Kingdom Of Beloved Son

Approved rendering: Kerajaan Anak yang dikasihi-Nya
Transliteration: Kerajaan Anak yang dikasihi-Nya
Doctrine: The Son’s Kingdom and Sonship
Rejected alternatives: Kerajaan Utusan Allah yang terkasih, Kerajaan hamba Allah yang dikasihi
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ υἱοῦ τῆς ἀγάπης αὐτοῦ
Category: Kingdom

Colossians 1:13. Identifies the Father’s kingdom as the Son’s own kingdom — direct assertion of co-regency, contradicted by Surah Al-Ikhlas. Requires the same note as son_of_god: eternal, relational Sonship and shared divine rule, never physical procreation or an insider-movement ‘beloved Messenger’ substitution.

Reconcile

Approved rendering: memperdamaikan
Transliteration: memperdamaikan
Doctrine: Reconciliation through the Cross
Rejected alternatives: berdamai secara umum, berbaikan
Original: ἀποκαταλλάσσω
Category: Salvation

Colossians 1:20, 1:21-22 (apokatallassō). Islamic theology has no category for God reconciling himself to sinners through a mediator’s substitutionary death. Indonesian ‘damai/berdamai’ assumes symmetrical disputing parties; mandatory note every occurrence distinguishing this unilateral, God-initiated restoration from ordinary reconciliation between equals.

Blood

Approved rendering: darah
Transliteration: darah
Doctrine: Reconciliation through the Cross
Original: αἷμα
Category: Salvation

Colossians 1:20 (haima). Paired with ‘salib’; must never be softened into a symbolic or purely spiritual transaction. Direct collision with mainstream Sunni teaching that denies the crucifixion (Quran 4:157).

Cross

Approved rendering: salib
Transliteration: salib
Doctrine: Reconciliation through the Cross
Rejected alternatives: penderitaan-Nya (as a substitute avoiding the specific event)
Original: σταυρός
Category: Salvation

Colossians 1:20 (stauros). Direct collision with Quran 4:157’s denial of the crucifixion, a specific, frequently-taught apologetic point in Indonesian Islamic religious education (‘Isa diselamatkan, bukan disalibkan’). Never softened, generalized, or omitted.

Redemption

Approved rendering: penebusan
Transliteration: penebusan
Doctrine: Redemption and Forgiveness of Sins
Rejected alternatives: pengampunan tanpa syarat, pahala yang membebaskan
Original: ἀπολύτρωσις
Category: Salvation

Colossians 1:14 (apolytrōsis, implied). Deliverance secured at a cost (the cross, made explicit in 1:20); no substitutionary ransom-payment framework exists in Islamic soteriology. Mandatory distinguishing note from deeds-and-mercy judgment frameworks every occurrence.

Buried Raised With Christ

Approved rendering: dikuburkan bersama Kristus / dibangkitkan bersama Kristus
Transliteration: dikuburkan bersama Kristus / dibangkitkan bersama Kristus
Doctrine: Union with Christ: Died and Raised With Him
Rejected alternatives: perubahan batin melalui usaha sendiri
Original: συνθάπτω / συνεγείρω
Category: Union with Christ

Colossians 2:12, 3:1 (synthaptō/synegeirō). Core anchor doctrine of the curriculum’s Union with Christ theme; no Islamic soteriological parallel exists. Always anchor explicitly to Christ’s actual death and resurrection, never generalized into an inward change achieved by religious effort.

High Risk Terms

Gospel

Approved rendering: Injil
Transliteration: injil
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: kabar baik
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. In Colossians (1:5, 1:23, 1:28) the gospel’s content must be anchored specifically to Christ’s supremacy, reconciling death, and bodily fullness of deity taught in 1:15-20 and 2:9, not left as a generic label for a scripture given to Isa.

Grace

Approved rendering: anugerah
Transliteration: anugerah
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: rahmat, pahala
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs Colossians 1:2, 1:6, 3:16, 4:6, 4:18. Never rahmat or pahala; the 3:16-17 worship context makes the grace/merit contrast especially relevant.

Faith

Approved rendering: iman
Transliteration: iman
Doctrine: Faith
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs Colossians 1:4, 1:23, 2:5, 2:7, 2:12; at 2:12 faith is the ground of union with Christ in baptism and must anchor to Christ specifically.

Resurrection

Approved rendering: kebangkitan
Transliteration: kebangkitan
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Underlies Colossians 1:18 (‘firstborn from the dead’), 2:12, 3:1. Christ’s specific, historical, first resurrection is the emphasis, since Islam denies the crucifixion occurred at all (Quran 4:157).

Lord

Approved rendering: Tuhan
Transliteration: Tuhan
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs Colossians 3:18, 3:20, 3:22-24, 4:1, 4:7, 4:17. EXTENSION FOR COLOSSIANS: the same Greek root (kyrios) is also used of ordinary human household masters (kyrioi, 4:1); render human masters as ‘tuan’ (see masters_human entry below) and never allow ‘tuan’ and ‘Tuhan’ to be confused in script, footnote, or spoken teaching.

God

Approved rendering: Allah
Transliteration: Allah
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. The term itself is not the risk; risk lies in surrounding vocabulary (gambar Allah, kepenuhan ke-Allahan, rasul, penyembahan malaikat).

Dominions

Approved rendering: kerajaan
Transliteration: kerajaan
Doctrine: The Supremacy of Christ over Creation
Original: κυριότητες
Category: Creation

Colossians 1:16 (kyriotētes). MANDATORY DISAMBIGUATION: direct lexical collision with the baseline term Kerajaan Allah (Kingdom of God). Every occurrence requires a note that this names a class of created, subordinate spiritual powers, never God’s own kingdom or Christ’s kingdom (1:13).

Head

Approved rendering: kepala
Transliteration: kepala
Doctrine: Christ as Head of the Church
Rejected alternatives: pemimpin, ketua
Original: κεφαλή
Category: Church

Colossians 1:18, 2:10, 2:19. Must retain organic, life-giving body-head unity; never flattened to purely administrative-authority sense, nor mapped onto the ulama/kyai teaching-authority frame familiar from Indonesian pesantren culture.

Firstborn From The Dead

Approved rendering: yang pertama bangkit dari antara orang mati
Transliteration: yang pertama bangkit dari antara orang mati
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ as Firstfruits
Original: πρωτότοκος ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν
Category: Eschatology

Colossians 1:18. Unlike 1:15’s rank-genitive, here a partitive/source genitive: actual chronological/causal priority in resurrection. Extends baseline kebangkitan/resurrection_of_christ. Islam denies the crucifixion occurred (Quran 4:157); Christ’s specific, historical, first resurrection must be the emphasis.

Making Peace

Approved rendering: mengadakan pendamaian
Transliteration: mengadakan pendamaian
Doctrine: Reconciliation through the Cross
Original: εἰρηνοποιέω
Category: Salvation

Colossians 1:20 (eirēnopoieō). Peace achieved by a specific, completed historical act, not gradually attained or merely wished for.

Forgiveness Of Sins

Approved rendering: pengampunan dosa
Transliteration: pengampunan dosa
Doctrine: Redemption and Forgiveness of Sins
Original: ἄφεσις τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν
Category: Salvation

Colossians 1:14 (aphesis tōn hamartiōn). Must retain grace-basis, not a deeds-and-mercy framework; extends baseline dosa.

Inheritance

Approved rendering: warisan / bagian
Transliteration: warisan / bagian
Doctrine: Inheritance in Christ
Original: κληρονομία
Category: Salvation

Colossians 1:12 (klēronomia). Must be explicitly linked to the baseline adoption doctrine to avoid a merit-based ‘reward for service’ misreading.

Hope

Approved rendering: pengharapan
Transliteration: pengharapan
Doctrine: Hope and Assurance in Christ
Original: ἐλπίς
Category: Faith

Colossians 1:5, 1:23, 1:27 (elpis). A certain future reality already secured, not ordinary hope-as-wish. Distinguish from Islamic raja’ (hope amid uncertain deeds-weighing outcome).

Mystery Of Christ

Approved rendering: rahasia (Kristus)
Transliteration: rahasia (Kristus)
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Now Revealed
Rejected alternatives: misteri, ilmu ghaib
Original: μυστήριον (τοῦ Χριστοῦ)
Category: Mystery

Colossians 1:26-27, 2:2, 4:3 (mystērion). Given Indonesia’s kebatinan/ilmu ghaib esoteric traditions, must always be anchored to specific, now-openly-proclaimed content (Christ himself), never left as an ongoing hidden or attainable secret.

Wisdom

Approved rendering: hikmat
Transliteration: hikmat
Doctrine: The Sufficiency of Christ: Wisdom and Knowledge
Original: σοφία
Category: Faith

Colossians 1:9, 1:28, 4:5 (sophia). Shares vocabulary with Arabic-derived Islamic hikmah (often Sufi mystical insight) and Javanese wisdom traditions; anchor to Christ alone (2:3), never a generic spiritual attainment.

Knowledge

Approved rendering: pengetahuan / pengenalan
Transliteration: pengetahuan / pengenalan
Doctrine: The Sufficiency of Christ: Wisdom and Knowledge
Rejected alternatives: ilmu ghaib
Original: ἐπίγνωσις
Category: Faith

Colossians 1:9-10, 2:2-3 (epignōsis). Anchor firmly to knowledge of Christ specifically; Indonesia’s kebatinan/ilmu ghaib traditions make ‘hidden/higher knowledge’ language religiously loaded.

Treasures Of Wisdom And Knowledge

Approved rendering: harta hikmat dan pengetahuan
Transliteration: harta hikmat dan pengetahuan
Doctrine: The Sufficiency of Christ: Wisdom and Knowledge
Original: θησαυροὶ σοφίας καὶ γνώσεως
Category: Faith

Colossians 2:3. All true wisdom/knowledge located exclusively in Christ, directly countering the false teachers’ claim to esoteric insight.

Philosophy

Approved rendering: filsafat
Transliteration: filsafat
Doctrine: Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism
Original: φιλοσοφία
Category: False Teaching and Syncretism

Colossians 2:8 (philosophia). Must always carry the qualifier ‘yang kosong dan menyesatkan’ (cf. 2:8’s own ‘empty deceit… tradition of men’) so it is heard as a critique of the specific syncretistic system, not reasoned thought generally.

Elemental Spirits

Approved rendering: roh-roh dunia
Transliteration: roh-roh dunia
Doctrine: Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism
Original: στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου
Category: False Teaching and Syncretism

Colossians 2:8, 2:20 (stoicheia tou kosmou). Live pastoral flashpoint given Indonesia’s pervasive folk-spiritual worldview (jin, roh leluhur, territorial spirits); must be taught as already-defeated, subordinate, created powers, never as forces requiring ritual appeasement.

Worship Of Angels

Approved rendering: penyembahan malaikat
Transliteration: penyembahan malaikat
Doctrine: The Sufficiency of Christ against Angel Worship and Self-Made Asceticism
Original: θρησκεία τῶν ἀγγέλων
Category: False Teaching and Syncretism

Colossians 2:18 (thrēskeia tōn aggelōn). Parallels the baseline’s flagged concern re: wali veneration and Indonesian devotion to intermediary spiritual beings; teach without direct polemical naming of any specific contemporary practice, framing Christ as sole sufficient mediator.

Self Made Religion

Approved rendering: ibadah yang dibuat-buat sendiri
Transliteration: ibadah yang dibuat-buat sendiri
Doctrine: The Sufficiency of Christ against Angel Worship and Self-Made Asceticism
Rejected alternatives: ibadah (unqualified, standalone)
Original: ἐθελοθρησκία
Category: False Teaching and Syncretism

Colossians 2:23 (ethelothrēskia). HIGHEST social/pastoral sensitivity risk in the letter: direct collision with ‘ibadah,’ the central Islamic and broadly Indonesian religious term for worship. The qualifying clause ‘yang dibuat-buat sendiri’ is not optional decoration — it is the entire doctrinal payload. Never permit ‘ibadah’ to stand alone in this polemical context.

Circumcision

Approved rendering: sunat
Transliteration: sunat
Doctrine: Union with Christ: Died and Raised With Him
Original: περιτομή
Category: Union with Christ

Colossians 2:11 (peritomē). No fencing word choice possible — sunat/khitan is a near-universal Islamic and cultural identity marker in Indonesia. Mandatory explicit note every occurrence: this is spiritual, not physical, circumcision.

Made Alive Together

Approved rendering: dihidupkan bersama-sama dengan Dia
Transliteration: dihidupkan bersama-sama dengan Dia
Doctrine: Union with Christ: Died and Raised With Him
Original: συζωοποιέω
Category: Union with Christ

Colossians 2:13 (synezōopoiēsen). A completed, gracious divine act, not gradual or merit-conditioned.

Disarmed Rulers

Approved rendering: melucuti pemerintah-pemerintah dan penguasa-penguasa
Transliteration: melucuti pemerintah-pemerintah dan penguasa-penguasa
Doctrine: Christ’s Victory over Spiritual Powers
Original: ἀπεκδύομαι τὰς ἀρχὰς καὶ τὰς ἐξουσίας
Category: Christology

Colossians 2:15. A live pastoral concern given Indonesia’s animistic substrate of territorial/ancestral spirit belief; teach as already, decisively defeated by the cross, never as forces still to be feared or appeased.

Wrath Of God

Approved rendering: murka Allah
Transliteration: murka Allah
Doctrine: Sin and the Wrath of God
Original: ὀργὴ τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: God

Colossians 3:6 (orgē tou theou). Must be preserved as a personal, holy, judicial response of a personal God, not softened into an impersonal cosmic consequence resembling karma.

Old Self

Approved rendering: manusia lama
Transliteration: manusia lama
Doctrine: Putting Off the Old Self and Putting On the New
Original: παλαιὸς ἄνθρωπος
Category: Sanctification

Colossians 3:9 (palaios anthrōpos). Must be taught as a definite, completed act of identity-change in union with Christ’s death (2:12; 3:1), not an ongoing self-improvement project achieved independently, which would drift toward deeds-based self-attained righteousness.

New Self

Approved rendering: manusia baru
Transliteration: manusia baru
Doctrine: Putting Off the Old Self and Putting On the New
Original: νέος / καινὸς ἄνθρωπος
Category: Sanctification

Colossians 3:10 (neos/kainos anthrōpos). Must be linked explicitly to Christ as the Image (1:15/gambar Allah) being restored in the believer, not a self-generated moral upgrade.

No Distinction Unity

Approved rendering: tidak ada lagi orang Yunani atau Yahudi, yang bersunat atau tidak bersunat, orang barbar, orang Skit, hamba atau orang merdeka
Transliteration: tidak ada lagi orang Yunani atau Yahudi, yang bersunat atau tidak bersunat, orang barbar, orang Skit, hamba atau orang merdeka
Doctrine: Unity in Christ
Rejected alternatives: segala macam orang (over-generalized compression)
Original: Ἕλλην καὶ Ἰουδαῖος, περιτομὴ καὶ ἀκροβυστία, βάρβαρος, Σκύθης, δοῦλος, ἐλεύθερος
Category: Church

Colossians 3:11. Extends baseline bangsa-bangsa lain/unity_of_jews_and_gentiles. In Indonesia’s civil-identity system organized around registered agama categories, this erasure of boundary markers ‘in Christ’ needs unsoftened preservation, matching the baseline’s Romans 3:29-30/10:12 rule; avoid over-compressing the itemized list for readability.

Christ Is All In All

Approved rendering: Kristus adalah semua dan di dalam segala sesuatu
Transliteration: Kristus adalah semua dan di dalam segala sesuatu
Doctrine: Unity in Christ
Original: τὰ πάντα καὶ ἐν πᾶσιν Χριστός
Category: Christology

Colossians 3:11. Climactic, unqualified, all-encompassing claim; must not be softened.

Chosen Holy Beloved

Approved rendering: orang-orang pilihan Allah, yang kudus dan yang dikasihi
Transliteration: orang-orang pilihan Allah, yang kudus dan yang dikasihi
Doctrine: Election and Sainthood in Christ
Original: ἐκλεκτοὶ τοῦ θεοῦ, ἅγιοι καὶ ἠγαπημένοι
Category: Salvation

Colossians 3:12 (eklektoi tou theou, hagioi kai ēgapēmenoi). Extends baseline pemilihan (election) and kudus (holy); never any hint of takdir (impersonal decree).

Submit Wives

Approved rendering: tunduk
Transliteration: tunduk
Doctrine: Household Codes: Wives, Husbands, Children, Parents
Rejected alternatives: taat (unqualified, standalone), saling menghormati (as a softening substitution)
Original: ὑποτάσσομαι
Category: Household

Colossians 3:18 (hypotassomai). Collision with the Islamic taat kepada suami framework (asymmetric religious duty). The qualifiers ‘as is fitting in the Lord’ and the husband’s counter-command to sacrificial love (3:19) must be preserved and taught together, never flattened into an unqualified hierarchy.

Slaves Bondservants

Approved rendering: hamba
Transliteration: hamba
Doctrine: Slavery and Servant Ethics under Christ’s Lordship
Rejected alternatives: pembantu, pekerja
Original: δοῦλοι
Category: Household

Colossians 3:22 (douloi). Requires historically honest framing distinguishing first-century household slavery (and Paul’s radical relativizing of it under Christ’s shared lordship) from modern labor relations, so it is not misread as timeless institutional endorsement.

Wisdom Toward Outsiders

Approved rendering: hikmat terhadap orang luar
Transliteration: hikmat terhadap orang luar
Doctrine: Prayer and Wisdom toward Outsiders
Original: σοφία πρὸς τοὺς ἔξω
Category: Fellowship

Colossians 4:5 (sophia pros tous exō). Given Indonesia’s legal/social sensitivity around interfaith relations and conversion, extends the baseline evangelism-sensitivity rule: witness/proclamation framing only, never language readable as manipulative persuasion or inducement.

Medium Risk Terms

Called

Approved rendering: yang dipanggil
Transliteration: yang dipanggil
Doctrine: Divine Calling

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs Colossians 3:15 (‘to which indeed you were called in one body’); a sovereign summons, never takdir (impersonal fate/decree).

Holy

Approved rendering: kudus
Transliteration: kudus
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: suci
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs Colossians 1:2, 1:22, 3:12. Moral/relational set-apartness, not ritual purity (suci).

Saints

Approved rendering: orang-orang kudus
Transliteration: orang-orang kudus
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: wali
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs Colossians 1:2, 1:4, 1:12, 1:26. Every believer, never wali (venerated Sufi saints).

Peace

Approved rendering: damai sejahtera
Transliteration: damai sejahtera
Doctrine: Peace with God
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Extended at Colossians 3:15 as ‘damai sejahtera Kristus’ (see peace_of_christ entry).

Church

Approved rendering: jemaat
Transliteration: jemaat
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: gereja
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs Colossians 1:18, 1:24, 4:15-16. The gathered congregation, here explicitly Christ’s body under his headship (see head entry).

Kingdom Of God

Approved rendering: Kerajaan Allah
Transliteration: Kerajaan Allah
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία
Category: Kingdom

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. EXTENSION FOR COLOSSIANS: at 1:13 identified specifically as the kingdom of ‘the Son he loves.’ MANDATORY DISAMBIGUATION: never confuse with ‘kerajaan’ used for the created power-class kyriotētes/dominions (1:16) — see dominions entry.

Sin

Approved rendering: dosa
Transliteration: dosa
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: ἁμαρτία / παράπτωμα
Category: Sin

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs Colossians 1:14, 2:11, 2:13, 3:6-7.

Gentiles

Approved rendering: bangsa-bangsa lain
Transliteration: bangsa-bangsa lain
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: orang kafir
Original: ἔθνη / Ἕλλην
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Underlies Colossians 3:11’s ‘Greek and Jew’ list (see no_distinction_unity entry). Never orang kafir.

Glory

Approved rendering: kemuliaan
Transliteration: kemuliaan
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs Colossians 1:11, 1:27 (‘Christ in you, the hope of glory’), 3:4.

Power Of God

Approved rendering: kuasa Allah
Transliteration: kuasa Allah
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Original: δύναμις / κράτος
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs Colossians 1:11 (dynamis/kratos), 1:29.

Election

Approved rendering: pemilihan
Transliteration: pemilihan
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: takdir
Original: ἐκλεκτοί
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Abstract doctrinal noun; the concrete phrase ‘God’s chosen’ at Colossians 3:12 is rendered as ‘orang-orang pilihan Allah’ (see chosen_holy_beloved entry). Never takdir.

Invisible

Approved rendering: tidak kelihatan
Transliteration: tidak kelihatan
Doctrine: The Deity of Christ as the Image of God
Original: ἀόρατος
Category: God

Colossians 1:15. Islam fully affirms God’s invisibility (tanzih); risk is entirely in pairing with gambar Allah — note must clarify God’s invisibility is disclosed, not compromised, in Christ.

Creation

Approved rendering: ciptaan / diciptakan
Transliteration: ciptaan / diciptakan
Doctrine: The Supremacy of Christ over Creation
Original: κτίσις / κτίζω
Category: Creation

Colossians 1:15-16, 1:23. Doctrinally load-bearing precisely because it excludes Christ from the category it names.

Thrones

Approved rendering: takhta
Transliteration: takhta
Doctrine: The Supremacy of Christ over Creation
Original: θρόνοι
Category: Creation

Colossians 1:16. A ranked class of created spiritual powers, subordinate to Christ.

Rulers

Approved rendering: pemerintah
Transliteration: pemerintah
Doctrine: The Supremacy of Christ over Creation
Original: ἀρχαί
Category: Creation

Colossians 1:16, 2:10, 2:15 (archai). Created, subordinate spiritual powers, sometimes hostile.

Authorities

Approved rendering: penguasa
Transliteration: penguasa
Doctrine: The Supremacy of Christ over Creation
Original: ἐξουσίαι
Category: Creation

Colossians 1:16, 2:10, 2:15 (exousiai). Given Indonesia’s folk-spiritual substrate, teach as subordinate created beings, never powers to fear, appease, or venerate.

Hold Together

Approved rendering: ada bersatu padu di dalam Dia
Transliteration: ada bersatu padu di dalam Dia
Doctrine: The Supremacy of Christ over Creation
Original: συνέστηκεν (συνίστημι)
Category: God

Colossians 1:17 (synestēken). Christ’s ongoing, personal sustaining of the universe’s coherence; extends baseline pemeliharaan Allah, now Christ-centered. Must not be flattened into a deist ‘runs on its own’ sense.

Body

Approved rendering: tubuh
Transliteration: tubuh
Doctrine: Christ as Head of the Church
Original: σῶμα
Category: Church

Colossians 1:18, 1:24. The church as a living organism deriving life from its Head, not a voluntary association.

Pleased Willed

Approved rendering: berkenan
Transliteration: berkenan
Doctrine: The Fullness of Deity in Christ, Bodily

Colossians 1:19 (eudokēsen). A sovereign, glad, deliberate decision, not an accident or a lesser being’s usurpation.

Dwell

Approved rendering: berdiam
Transliteration: berdiam
Doctrine: The Fullness of Deity in Christ, Bodily
Original: κατοικέω
Category: Christology

Colossians 1:19 (katoikeō). Must not be softened to a temporary ‘resting upon’ sense closer to the Islamic model of prophetic inspiration than to permanent incarnate deity.

Alienated

Approved rendering: terasing
Transliteration: terasing
Doctrine: Reconciliation through the Cross
Original: ἀπηλλοτριωμένος
Category: Salvation

Colossians 1:21 (apēllotriōmenos). Real relational estrangement, not mere ignorance.

Hostile In Mind

Approved rendering: seteru dalam pikiran
Transliteration: seteru dalam pikiran
Doctrine: Reconciliation through the Cross
Original: ἐχθρὸς τῇ διανοίᾳ
Category: Sin

Colossians 1:21 (echthros tē dianoia). Sin rooted in hostile disposition, not just wrong action.

Suffering

Approved rendering: penderitaan
Transliteration: penderitaan
Doctrine: Christ-Centered Ministry and Suffering
Original: πάθημα
Category: Church

Colossians 1:24, 1:29, 2:1 (pathēma). Must never be read as supplementing Christ’s once-for-all atoning work; guards especially against the Catholic-edition marginal-note risk of a co-redemptive/meritorious-suffering reading of 1:24.

Minister

Approved rendering: pelayan
Transliteration: pelayan
Doctrine: Christ-Centered Ministry and Suffering
Original: διάκονος
Category: Church

Colossians 1:23, 1:25 (diakonos). An official ministry office, not a generic helper.

Stewardship

Approved rendering: tugas kepengurusan
Transliteration: tugas kepengurusan
Doctrine: Christ-Centered Ministry and Suffering
Original: οἰκονομία
Category: Church

Colossians 1:25 (oikonomia). Paul’s God-given assignment to make the gospel fully known.

Mature Perfect

Approved rendering: sempurna / dewasa (dalam Kristus)
Transliteration: sempurna / dewasa (dalam Kristus)
Doctrine: Christ-Centered Ministry and Suffering
Original: τέλειος
Category: Church

Colossians 1:28 (teleios). Maturity in union with Christ; must not collapse into deeds-based, self-achieved perfectionism.

Love

Approved rendering: kasih
Transliteration: kasih
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship in Gospel Labor
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Faith

Colossians 1:4, 1:8, 3:14 (agapē). Distinctively self-giving love; standard, low-collision term.

Tradition Of Men

Approved rendering: tradisi manusia
Transliteration: tradisi manusia
Doctrine: Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism
Original: παράδοσις τῶν ἀνθρώπων
Category: False Teaching and Syncretism

Colossians 2:8 (paradosis tōn anthrōpōn). Merely human-originated teaching contrasted with Christ.

Persuasive Speech

Approved rendering: kata-kata yang meyakinkan
Transliteration: kata-kata yang meyakinkan
Doctrine: Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism
Original: πιθανολογία
Category: False Teaching and Syncretism

Colossians 2:4 (pithanologia). Superficially convincing argument used to talk believers out of the truth.

Self Abasement False Humility

Approved rendering: merendahkan diri (secara semu)
Transliteration: merendahkan diri (secara semu)
Doctrine: The Sufficiency of Christ against Angel Worship and Self-Made Asceticism
Original: ταπεινοφροσύνη (negative sense)
Category: False Teaching and Syncretism

Colossians 2:18, 2:23 (tapeinophrosynē, negative sense). Context-sensitive, like baseline ‘called’ — contrast with the positive sense of the same word at 3:12.

Regulations

Approved rendering: peraturan-peraturan
Transliteration: peraturan-peraturan
Doctrine: The Sufficiency of Christ against Angel Worship and Self-Made Asceticism
Original: δόγματα
Category: False Teaching and Syncretism

Colossians 2:14, 2:20 (dogmata). Human-imposed prohibitions mistaken for spirituality.

Baptism

Approved rendering: baptisan
Transliteration: baptisan
Doctrine: Union with Christ: Died and Raised With Him
Original: βάπτισμα
Category: Union with Christ

Colossians 2:12 (baptisma). Distinguish from ritual washing (e.g., wudhu) as purification-by-works rather than a sign of union with Christ’s finished work.

Dead In Trespasses

Approved rendering: mati dalam dosa-dosa
Transliteration: mati dalam dosa-dosa
Doctrine: Union with Christ: Died and Raised With Him
Original: νεκρὸς ἐν τοῖς παραπτώμασιν
Category: Sin

Colossians 2:13 (nekros en tois paraptōmasin). Humanity’s condition apart from Christ; extends baseline dosa.

Record Of Debt

Approved rendering: surat hutang
Transliteration: surat hutang
Doctrine: Christ’s Victory over Spiritual Powers
Original: χειρόγραφον
Category: Salvation

Colossians 2:14 (cheirographon). Legal-financial metaphor for guilt cancelled by the cross, not a literal financial document; connects to the Critical-risk cross/atonement cluster.

Triumphing

Approved rendering: mengaraknya sebagai kemenangan yang nyata
Transliteration: mengaraknya sebagai kemenangan yang nyata
Doctrine: Christ’s Victory over Spiritual Powers
Original: θριαμβεύω
Category: Christology

Colossians 2:15 (thriambeuō). The Roman military-triumph custom has no Indonesian cultural parallel; requires a brief explanatory gloss, not a lexical substitute.

Set Mind On Things Above

Approved rendering: pikirkanlah perkara-perkara yang di atas
Transliteration: pikirkanlah perkara-perkara yang di atas
Doctrine: Union with Christ: Died and Raised With Him
Original: τὰ ἄνω φρονεῖτε
Category: Union with Christ

Colossians 3:2 (ta anō phroneite). Reoriented pattern of thought/desire, not a call to otherworldly withdrawal.

Hidden With Christ

Approved rendering: tersembunyi bersama Kristus di dalam Allah
Transliteration: tersembunyi bersama Kristus di dalam Allah
Doctrine: Union with Christ: Died and Raised With Him
Original: κέκρυπται σὺν τῷ Χριστῷ ἐν τῷ θεῷ
Category: Union with Christ

Colossians 3:3. Believers’ true life presently hidden with Christ, to be revealed at his appearing.

Put To Death Sin

Approved rendering: matikanlah
Transliteration: matikanlah
Doctrine: Sin and the Wrath of God
Original: νεκρόω
Category: Sin

Colossians 3:5 (nekroō). A decisive, violent verb — not gradual suppression but a killing-off grounded in the believer’s already-accomplished death with Christ.

Sexual Immorality

Approved rendering: percabulan
Transliteration: percabulan
Doctrine: Sin and the Wrath of God
Original: πορνεία
Category: Sin

Colossians 3:5 (porneia). Standard vice-list term.

Passion Evil Desire

Approved rendering: hawa nafsu / keinginan jahat
Transliteration: hawa nafsu / keinginan jahat
Doctrine: Sin and the Wrath of God
Original: πάθος / ἐπιθυμία κακή
Category: Sin

Colossians 3:5 (pathos/epithymia kakē). Disordered inner desire, source of outward vices.

Covetousness Idolatry

Approved rendering: keserakahan, yang sama dengan penyembahan berhala
Transliteration: keserakahan, yang sama dengan penyembahan berhala
Doctrine: Sin and the Wrath of God
Original: πλεονεξία, ἥτις ἐστὶν εἰδωλολατρία
Category: Sin

Colossians 3:5 (pleonexia… eidōlolatria). Idolatry-vocabulary is broadly shared across Indonesian religions (low direct collision), but care is needed not to reduce to generic moralism about greed.

Put Off Old Self

Approved rendering: buangkanlah / tanggalkanlah
Transliteration: buangkanlah / tanggalkanlah
Doctrine: Putting Off the Old Self and Putting On the New
Original: ἀποτίθημι
Category: Sanctification

Colossians 3:8 (apotithēmi). Clothing metaphor for decisive rejection of the old sinful pattern of life.

Renewed In Knowledge

Approved rendering: dibarui dalam pengetahuan
Transliteration: dibarui dalam pengetahuan
Doctrine: Putting Off the Old Self and Putting On the New
Original: ἀνακαινούμενον εἰς ἐπίγνωσιν
Category: Sanctification

Colossians 3:10 (anakainoumenon eis epignōsin). Connects to the knowledge/epignōsis entry.

Put On New Self

Approved rendering: kenakanlah
Transliteration: kenakanlah
Doctrine: Putting Off the Old Self and Putting On the New
Original: ἐνδύω
Category: Sanctification

Colossians 3:12 (endyō). Deliberately assuming Christlike character as one puts on a garment.

Bond Of Perfection

Approved rendering: pengikat yang mempersatukan dalam kesempurnaan
Transliteration: pengikat yang mempersatukan dalam kesempurnaan
Doctrine: Corporate Worship and the Word of Christ
Original: σύνδεσμος τῆς τελειότητος
Category: Church

Colossians 3:14 (syndesmos tēs teleiotētos). Love as the unifying bond holding all other virtues together.

Peace Of Christ

Approved rendering: damai sejahtera Kristus
Transliteration: damai sejahtera Kristus
Doctrine: Corporate Worship and the Word of Christ
Original: εἰρήνη τοῦ Χριστοῦ
Category: Church

Colossians 3:15 (eirēnē tou Christou). Extends baseline damai sejahtera; Christ’s own peace, to ‘rule’ the congregation’s common life, not merely calm feelings.

Word Of Christ

Approved rendering: firman Kristus
Transliteration: firman Kristus
Doctrine: Corporate Worship and the Word of Christ
Original: λόγος τοῦ Χριστοῦ
Category: Faith

Colossians 3:16 (logos tou Christou). Keep ‘Firman’ terminology consistent with the baseline’s Firman yang menjadi manusia incarnation phrase.

Love Husbands

Approved rendering: kasihilah
Transliteration: kasihilah
Doctrine: Household Codes: Wives, Husbands, Children, Parents
Original: ἀγαπάω
Category: Household

Colossians 3:19 (agapaō). The husband’s counterpart command, using the same self-giving agapē used of Christ.

Obey Children

Approved rendering: taatilah
Transliteration: taatilah
Doctrine: Household Codes: Wives, Husbands, Children, Parents
Original: ὑπακούω
Category: Household

Colossians 3:20 (hypakouō). Framed within the same Lord-centered household ethic.

Fear Of The Lord

Approved rendering: takut akan Tuhan
Transliteration: takut akan Tuhan
Doctrine: Slavery and Servant Ethics under Christ’s Lordship
Original: φόβος τοῦ κυρίου
Category: Household

Colossians 3:22 (phobos tou kyriou). Extends baseline Tuhan; must not be confused with the human-master ‘tuan’ used in the same passage.

Masters Human

Approved rendering: tuan
Transliteration: tuan
Doctrine: Slavery and Servant Ethics under Christ’s Lordship
Original: κύριοι
Category: Household

Colossians 4:1 (kyrioi). The same Greek root (kyrios) used of Christ’s exclusive Lordship elsewhere is here applied to human household masters. Strict, consistent typographic/contextual disambiguation from ‘Tuhan’ is mandatory.

Low Risk Terms

Thanksgiving

Approved rendering: ucapan syukur
Transliteration: ucapan syukur
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Original: εὐχαριστία
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs Colossians 1:3-4, 1:12, 2:7, 3:15-17, 4:2.

Fellowship

Approved rendering: persekutuan
Transliteration: persekutuan
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Original: κοινωνία / σύνδουλος
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Occurs conceptually Colossians 1:7-8, 4:7-18 (fellow servants/prisoners).

Beginning

Approved rendering: yang awal / permulaan
Transliteration: yang awal / permulaan
Doctrine: Christ as Head of the Church
Original: ἀρχή
Category: Christology

Colossians 1:18 (archē). Christ as originating source of the church’s new-creation life.

Preeminent

Approved rendering: yang terutama dalam segala sesuatu
Transliteration: yang terutama dalam segala sesuatu
Doctrine: Christ as Head of the Church
Original: πρωτεύων
Category: Christology

Colossians 1:18 (prōteuōn). Purpose clause: God intends Christ’s supremacy over literally everything.

Struggle Toil

Approved rendering: berjuang / berjerih lelah
Transliteration: berjuang / berjerih lelah
Doctrine: Christ-Centered Ministry and Suffering
Original: ἀγωνίζομαι
Category: Church

Colossians 1:29, 2:1 (agōnizomai). Paul’s intense, Spirit-empowered labor.

Bear Fruit

Approved rendering: berbuah
Transliteration: berbuah
Doctrine: Gospel
Original: καρποφορέω
Category: Church

Colossians 1:6, 1:10 (karpophoreō). Standard agricultural metaphor for the gospel’s observable growth.

Endurance Patience

Approved rendering: ketekunan / kesabaran
Transliteration: ketekunan / kesabaran
Doctrine: Christ-Centered Ministry and Suffering
Original: ὑπομονή / μακροθυμία
Category: Church

Colossians 1:11 (hypomonē/makrothymia). Fruit of Spirit-given strength, not stoic self-effort.

Empty Deceit

Approved rendering: tipu daya yang kosong
Transliteration: tipu daya yang kosong
Doctrine: Warning against False Teaching and Syncretism
Original: κενὴ ἀπάτη
Category: False Teaching and Syncretism

Colossians 2:8 (kenē apatē).

Sabbath

Approved rendering: sabat
Transliteration: sabat
Doctrine: The Sufficiency of Christ against Angel Worship and Self-Made Asceticism
Original: σάββατον
Category: False Teaching and Syncretism

Colossians 2:16 (sabbaton). Low Islamic-collision risk; teach as freedom from ceremonial law as a righteousness-marker, not merely ‘sabbath doesn’t matter.‘

Shadow

Approved rendering: bayang-bayang
Transliteration: bayang-bayang
Doctrine: The Sufficiency of Christ against Angel Worship and Self-Made Asceticism
Original: σκιά
Category: False Teaching and Syncretism

Colossians 2:17 (skia). The OT ceremonial system as prefiguring shadow, now fulfilled in Christ.

Walk

Approved rendering: hidup / berjalan
Transliteration: hidup / berjalan
Doctrine: Union with Christ: Died and Raised With Him
Original: περιπατέω
Category: Ethics

Colossians 2:6, 3:7, 4:5 (peripateō). Recurring ethical metaphor; consistent rendering required across occurrences.

Rooted Built Up

Approved rendering: berakar / dibangun
Transliteration: berakar / dibangun
Doctrine: Union with Christ: Died and Raised With Him
Original: ῥιζόω / ἐποικοδομέω
Category: Union with Christ

Colossians 2:7 (rhizoō/epoikodomeō). Agricultural/architectural metaphors for stability of faith.

Impurity

Approved rendering: kecemaran
Transliteration: kecemaran
Doctrine: Sin and the Wrath of God
Original: ἀκαθαρσία
Category: Sin

Colossians 3:5 (akatharsia). Moral, not primarily ritual, impurity.

Psalms Hymns Songs

Approved rendering: nyanyian mazmur, puji-pujian, dan nyanyian rohani
Transliteration: nyanyian mazmur, puji-pujian, dan nyanyian rohani
Doctrine: Corporate Worship and the Word of Christ
Original: ψαλμοί, ὕμνοι, ᾠδαὶ πνευματικαί
Category: Church

Colossians 3:16 (psalmoi, hymnoi, ōdai pneumatikai). Corporate worship expressing the indwelling word of Christ.

Do Not Provoke

Approved rendering: jangan menyakiti hati
Transliteration: jangan menyakiti hati
Doctrine: Household Codes: Wives, Husbands, Children, Parents
Original: μὴ ἐρεθίζετε
Category: Household

Colossians 3:21 (mē erethizete). Fathers restrained from harsh authority.

Justice Fairness

Approved rendering: keadilan dan kewajaran
Transliteration: keadilan dan kewajaran
Doctrine: Slavery and Servant Ethics under Christ’s Lordship
Original: τὸ δίκαιον καὶ ἡ ἰσότης
Category: Household

Colossians 4:1 (to dikaion kai hē isotēs). Masters owe fair and just treatment, accountable to their own heavenly Master.

Devote To Prayer

Approved rendering: bertekunlah dalam doa
Transliteration: bertekunlah dalam doa
Doctrine: Prayer and Wisdom toward Outsiders
Original: προσκαρτερέω τῇ προσευχῇ
Category: Fellowship

Colossians 4:2 (proskartereō tē proseuchē). Persistent, watchful prayer.

Door For The Word

Approved rendering: pintu bagi firman
Transliteration: pintu bagi firman
Doctrine: Prayer and Wisdom toward Outsiders
Original: θύρα τοῦ λόγου
Category: Fellowship

Colossians 4:3 (thyra tou logou). A God-given opportunity for gospel proclamation.

Seasoned With Salt

Approved rendering: berbumbu dengan garam
Transliteration: berbumbu dengan garam
Doctrine: Prayer and Wisdom toward Outsiders
Original: ἅλατι ἠρτυμένος
Category: Fellowship

Colossians 4:6 (halati ērtymenos). Idiom for winsome, discerning speech; render for natural meaning, not literally.

Fellow Servant

Approved rendering: rekan sehamba
Transliteration: rekan sehamba
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship in Gospel Labor
Original: σύνδουλος
Category: Fellowship

Colossians 4:7 (syndoulos). Co-laborers in self-humbling servant terms.

Fellow Prisoner

Approved rendering: rekan sepenjara
Transliteration: rekan sepenjara
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship in Gospel Labor
Original: συναιχμάλωτος
Category: Fellowship

Colossians 4:10 (synaichmalōtos). Paul’s companions sharing his imprisonment for the gospel.

Christ

Approved rendering: Kristus
Transliteration: Kristus
Doctrine: Christology
Rejected alternatives: Isa al-Masih (as a substitute implying the Quranic figure)

Established Indonesian Bible proper-name/title form, used throughout Colossians (e.g., 1:1, 1:3, 1:24, 1:27, 3:1, 3:11, 3:16-17, 4:3). Low risk as a bare transliteration; all Christological doctrinal weight is carried by the Critical/High-risk terms it co-occurs with (image_of_god, fullness_of_deity_bodily, kingdom_of_beloved_son, reconcile, buried_raised_with_christ).

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