Core Glossary
Core Glossary — Revelation, English → Indonesian
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, spanning Revelation chapters 1–22. Terms already present in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked [BASELINE — reuse exactly] and are not to be re-decided; their baseline risk tier and notes stand unless a Revelation-specific extension is noted. All other terms are new entries proposed for this curriculum’s translation memory, pending Phase 1 Step 2+ finalization.
A. Baseline Terms Reused from Romans (Confirmed Applicable to Revelation)
| # | Term | Greek | Indonesian | Risk (baseline) | Chapters occurring | Revelation-specific note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | God | θεός | Allah | Critical | 1–22 (pervasive) | No change; central to every doctrine in this curriculum. |
| 2 | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Yesus | Critical | 1, 12, 14, 17, 19, 22 | Never Nabi Isa; reuse baseline forbidden-substitution rule. |
| 3 | Lord | κύριος | Tuhan | High/Critical (context) | 1, 4, 11, 15, 17, 19, 22 | Escalates to Critical in 19:16 “King of kings and Lord of lords.” |
| 4 | Holy Spirit | πνεῦμα ἅγιον / τὰ ἑπτὰ πνεύματα | Roh Kudus | Critical | 1, 3, 4, 5, 14, 22 | ”Seven Spirits” (4:5, 5:6) needs added note preventing plural-spirits misreading. |
| 5 | Father | πατήρ | Bapa | Critical | 1, 2, 3, 14 | Reuse baseline adoption/procreation caution. |
| 6 | Son of God / Son | υἱὸς θεοῦ / υἱός | Anak Allah / Anak | Critical | 1, 2, 21 | 21:7’s “he will be my son” extends this to believers’ adoptive sonship; keep distinct from Christ’s unique Sonship. |
| 7 | Messiah/Christ | Χριστός | Mesias / Kristus | Critical | 1, 11, 12, 20 | Reuse baseline Quranic Isa al-Masih distinction note. |
| 8 | Gospel | εὐαγγέλιον | Injil | High/Critical (context) | 14 | Escalates to Critical in 14:6 “eternal gospel” — see Doctrine Registry below. |
| 9 | Faith | πίστις / πιστός | iman / setia | High | 2, 13, 14, 17, 21 | Adjectival “faithful” (πιστός) reuse noted distinctly from forensic kebenaran. |
| 10 | Grace | χάρις | anugerah | High | 1, 22 | Reuse in opening/closing epistolary greeting; connects to dōrean (freely) at 21:6, 22:17. |
| 11 | Righteousness | δικαιοσύνη | kebenaran | Critical | 19, 22 | ”Righteous acts of the saints” (19:8) — fine linen imagery; reuse with care alongside pistoi kai alēthinoi. |
| 12 | Salvation | σωτηρία | keselamatan | Critical | 7, 12, 19 | Reuse baseline Islamic-soteriology distinguishing note at every occurrence. |
| 13 | Holy | ἅγιος | kudus | High | 3, 4, 6, 11, 21, 22 | Trisagion (4:8) and “holy city” (21:2, 22:19). |
| 14 | Saints | ἅγιοι | orang-orang kudus | High | 5, 8, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 | Very frequent in Revelation’s second half; never wali. |
| 15 | Apostle | ἀπόστολος | rasul | Critical | 18, 21 | 21:14’s “twelve apostles of the Lamb” — foundational-city image; reuse Critical framing. |
| 16 | Prophet | προφήτης | nabi | High | 10, 11, 16, 18, 22 | Contrasted throughout with pseudoprophētēs (false prophet), a new High-risk entry below. |
| 17 | Prophecy | προφητεία | nubuat | Low | 1, 19, 22 | ”Words of this prophecy” (22:18-19) ties to Inspiration of Scripture doctrine. |
| 18 | Glory | δόξα | kemuliaan | Medium/High | 1, 4, 5, 7, 15, 18, 19, 21 | Central to Worship of the Lamb doctrine throughout. |
| 19 | Kingdom of God | βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ | Kerajaan Allah | Medium/Critical (context) | 1, 5, 11, 12 | Escalates to Critical at 11:15’s climactic announcement. |
| 20 | Covenant | διαθήκη | perjanjian | High | 11 | ”Ark of the covenant” (11:19) — reuse. |
| 21 | David | Δαυίδ | Daud | Medium | 3, 5, 22 | ”Root/Key/Offspring of David” titles — reuse keturunan Daud. |
| 22 | Israel | Ἰσραήλ | Israel | Medium | 2, 7, 21 | Twelve tribes named on the city’s gates (21:12). |
| 23 | Sin | ἁμαρτία | dosa | Medium | 1, 18 | ”Freed us from our sins by his blood” (1:5); “her sins” of Babylon (18:5). |
| 24 | Gentiles/Nations | ἔθνη | bangsa-bangsa lain | Medium/High (context) | 2, 5, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 | Extremely frequent; in Rev, often “nations” broadly (not strictly non-Jew/Jew contrast as in Romans) — retain rendering but note the semantic breadth is wider here (all peoples, sometimes as objects of judgment, sometimes as ultimately-included worshipers, 21:24). |
| 25 | Resurrection | ἀνάστασις | kebangkitan | High/Critical (context) | 1, 20 | 20:5-6’s “first resurrection” is a new technical sub-entry — see below. |
| 26 | Incarnation (concept) | ὁ λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο (cf. Rev’s Λόγος title) | Firman yang menjadi manusia | Critical | 19 | 19:13’s “the Word of God” title directly invokes this baseline concept; see new entry “Word of God” below. |
| 27 | Obedience of Faith (concept family) | — | ketaatan iman | High | 12, 14 | ”Those who keep the commandments of God and hold to the testimony/faith of Jesus” (12:17, 14:12) echoes this doctrine. |
B. New Terms — Critical Risk
| Term | Greek | Transliteration | Indonesian | Doctrine | Primary chapters | Risk reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revelation (book title/genre) | ἀποκάλυψις | apokalypsis | Wahyu | Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation | 1 | Established Indonesian Bible book title, but wahyu is the core Islamic term for revelation transmitted to a prophet, culminating in the Qur’an to Muhammad. Must always be anchored to the specific unveiling of the risen Christ given to John — same structural risk as baseline’s Injil. |
| Lamb | ἀρνίον | arnion | Anak Domba | Return and Reign of Christ; Worship of the Lamb; Judgment of the Wicked | 5–7, 12–15, 17, 19, 21–22 | The dominant Christological title of the book (28x); must retain both sacrificial and sovereign senses together at every occurrence; parallel weight to baseline’s Anak Allah. |
| Testimony/Witness (martyrdom sense) | μαρτυρία, μάρτυς | martyria, martys | kesaksian, saksi (never syahid/mati syahid) | Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution | 1, 2, 6, 11, 12, 17, 20 | Direct collision with the Islamic doctrine of syahid (martyrdom, classically tied to dying in jihad with guaranteed paradise). Biblical martyrdom is nonviolent death for testimony to Christ, not death in armed struggle. |
| Devil/Satan | διάβολος, Σατανᾶς | diabolos, Satanas | Iblis, Setan | Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil | 2, 12, 20 | Iblis is the specific Quranic proper name and origin-narrative (a jinn) for Satan, distinct from the biblical fallen-angel account; requires distinguishing note even while affirming shared recognition of him as the ultimate adversary. |
| Beast | θηρίον | thērion | binatang itu | Judgment of the Wicked; Return and Reign of Christ | 11, 13, 14, 15–17, 19–20 | Primary antagonist symbol; high risk of over-literalization (date/identity speculation) or under-literalization (losing the real future referent). |
| Mark of the beast | χάραγμα | charagma | tanda [binatang itu] | Judgment of the Wicked; Perseverance under Persecution | 13–14, 16, 19–20 | Symbol of total allegiance; risk of speculative over-literalization common in popular apocalyptic teaching. |
| Worship (of the Lamb) | προσκυνέω | proskyneō | menyembah | Worship of the Lamb; Deity of Christ (baseline extension) | 4, 5, 7, 13–14, 19, 22 | Worship due to God alone is repeatedly and explicitly directed to the Lamb — one of the NT’s strongest deity-of-Christ assertions; direct tension with Islamic tawhid/prohibition on worship of any but Allah. |
| Overcomer/the one who conquers | ὁ νικῶν | ho nikōn | yang menang | Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution | 2–3, 12, 21 | Risk of militaristic/triumphalist misreading (regional “victory/jihad” religious-political rhetoric); biblical overcoming is nonviolent faithfulness through Christ’s finished work. |
| Bride (of Christ) | νύμφη | nymphē | pengantin perempuan | The Church as Bride of Christ | 19, 21–22 | Corporate, covenantal marriage imagery for the whole church; must not be read as individual believers’ marital status nor as implying literal marriage undertaken by God. |
| Second death | ὁ θάνατος ὁ δεύτερος | ho thanatos ho deuteros | kematian yang kedua | Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints | 2, 20–21 | Technical Johannine term for final eschatological judgment beyond physical death; no ready Indonesian equivalent, requires explanatory note every occurrence. |
| Great White Throne (judgment) | θρόνος λευκὸς μέγας | thronos leukos megas | takhta putih yang besar | Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints | 20 | Must be distinguished from Islamic deeds-weighing judgment framework — entrance is by inclusion in the book of life through faith, not weight of deeds alone. |
| Kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ (climactic announcement) | ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ κόσμου… τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν καὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ | hē basileia… | Kerajaan Allah dan Kerajaan Kristus-Nya | Return and Reign of Christ; Sovereignty of God over History | 11 | Thesis-level climactic verse; require verbatim consistency across all curriculum documents, parallel to Romans 1:16-17/8:28/10:9-10 treatment. |
| Word of God (Christological title) | ὁ Λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ | ho Logos tou Theou | Firman Allah | Incarnation (baseline extension); Return and Reign of Christ | 19 | Same figure as baseline’s incarnate Logos (John 1:14), now shown returning in glorious judgment — requires explicit connection in teaching material. |
| Eternal gospel | εὐαγγέλιον αἰώνιον | euangelion aiōnion | Injil yang kekal | Universal Scope of the Gospel (baseline extension) | 14 | Compounds the baseline Injil/Qur’anic-collision risk with an “eternal” qualifier that could be misheard as competing with Quranic scripture-preservation claims. |
| Twelve apostles of the Lamb (foundational image) | οἱ δώδεκα ἀπόστολοι τοῦ ἀρνίου | hoi dōdeka apostoloi tou arniou | dua belas rasul Anak Domba | Apostleship (baseline extension); New Heaven and New Earth | 21 | Reuses baseline Critical rasul framing, now applied to the eternal city’s foundation stones. |
| Amen, come Lord Jesus (closing confession) | Ἀμήν, ἔρχου, Κύριε Ἰησοῦ | Amēn, erchou, Kyrie Iēsou | Amin, datanglah, Tuhan Yesus | Return and Reign of Christ; Assurance of God’s Final Victory | 22 | Curriculum-wide verbatim-consistency requirement, parallel to baseline’s thesis-verse consistency rules. |
C. New Terms — High Risk
| Term | Greek | Transliteration | Indonesian | Doctrine | Primary chapters | Risk reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Almighty | παντοκράτωρ | pantokratōr | Yang Mahakuasa | Sovereignty of God over History | 1, 4, 11, 15–16, 19, 21 | Standard shared vocabulary, but applied to the Triune God including Christ — a specifically Trinitarian sovereignty claim. |
| Son of Man | υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου | huios anthrōpou | Anak Manusia | Return and Reign of Christ; Humanity/Deity of Christ | 1, 14 | Must be kept visually/conceptually distinct from Anak Allah. |
| Firstborn of the dead | πρωτότοκος τῶν νεκρῶν | prōtotokos tōn nekrōn | yang pertama bangkit dari antara orang mati | Resurrection of Christ (baseline extension) | 1 | Extends baseline resurrection doctrine to Christ’s unique historical priority. |
| Alpha and Omega | Ἄλφα καὶ τὸ Ὦ | Alpha kai to Ō | Alfa dan Omega | Sovereignty of God over History; Deity of Christ | 1, 21, 22 | Applied to both God the Father and Christ — direct bearing on Deity of Christ when applied to Jesus (22:13). |
| Freely (as a gift) | δωρεάν | dōrean | dengan cuma-cuma / secara gratis | The Sovereignty of God’s Final Victory (Grace baseline extension) | 21, 22 | Reinforces Grace-vs-merit contrast at the book’s climax. |
| Tabernacle/dwell | σκηνή, σκηνόω | skēnē, skēnoō | kemah, berdiam | New Heaven and New Earth; Incarnation (baseline extension) | 7, 13, 15, 21 | Same verb as John 1:14’s “dwelt” — connects Incarnation to its eschatological completion. |
| People (of God) | λαός | laos | umat | Sovereignty of God over History; New Heaven and New Earth | 18, 21 | ”Umat” is also the generic Indonesian sociological term for any religious community’s adherents; must be anchored as God’s unique covenant people. |
| Faithful and true (title/description) | πιστὸς καὶ ἀληθινός | pistos kai alēthinos | setia dan benar | Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil | 3, 19, 21, 22 | Adjectival “benar” here must be distinguished from the Critical forensic sense of kebenaran (righteousness/justification). |
| Seven Spirits of God | ἑπτὰ πνεύματα τοῦ θεοῦ | hepta pneumata tou theou | tujuh Roh Allah | Sovereignty of God over History; Holy Spirit (baseline extension) | 1, 3, 4, 5 | Symbolic fullness of the one Spirit; risk of a polytheistic misreading if untaught. |
| Worthy | ἄξιος | axios | layak | Worship of the Lamb | 4, 5 | Establishes on what basis worship is due; restricted to God and the Lamb. |
| Root/Offspring/Key of David | ῥίζα, γένος, κλεῖς Δαυίδ | rhiza, genos, kleis Dauid | Tunas/keturunan/kunci Daud | Davidic Covenant (baseline extension) | 3, 5, 22 | Extends baseline Davidic covenant doctrine into Revelation’s messianic titles. |
| Purchased/redeemed | ἀγοράζω | agorazō | menebus | Judgment/Vindication; Universal Scope of the Gospel | 5, 14 | Price-paid redemption imagery; distinct from baseline’s justification/imputed_righteousness but closely related. |
| Slain (of the Lamb) | ἐσφαγμένος | esphagmenos | yang telah disembelih | Return and Reign of Christ; Worship of the Lamb | 5–6, 13 | The eternally-visible marks of sacrifice on the reigning, worshiped Lamb — a deliberate theological paradox. |
| 144,000 / sealed | σφραγίζω, ἑκατὸν τεσσεράκοντα τέσσαρες χιλιάδες | sphragizō, … | dimeteraikan, 144.000 | Sovereignty of God over History; Perseverance | 7, 14 | Strong apocalyptic-literalism risk if read as a literal numeric cap on the redeemed rather than symbolic completeness. |
| Wrath of the Lamb | ὀργὴ τοῦ ἀρνίου | orgē tou arniou | murka Anak Domba | Judgment of the Wicked | 6 | Paradoxical pairing of sacrificial Lamb-title with judicial wrath; must render orgē as righteous judicial anger, not capricious rage. |
| False prophet | ψευδοπροφήτης | pseudoprophētēs | nabi palsu | Judgment of the Wicked (Inspiration of Scripture baseline extension) | 13, 16, 19–20 | Direct counterfeit-contrast to true prophetic office; connects to and complicates baseline’s nabi entry. |
| The one who is coming quickly | ὁ ἐρχόμενος ταχύ | ho erchomenos tachy | Aku datang segera | Return and Reign of Christ | 22 | ”Soon” must be taught as certainty/nearness-in-God’s-perspective, not a falsifiable chronological claim. |
| The Spirit and the Bride say, Come | τὸ πνεῦμα καὶ ἡ νύμφη λέγουσιν, ἔρχου | to pneuma kai hē nymphē legousin, erchou | Roh dan pengantin itu berkata, “Marilah!” | Church as Bride of Christ; Holy Spirit | 22 | Synthesizes Bride and Spirit doctrines; must not be conflated with the Critical-risk doa syafaat intercession doctrine. |
| Do not add to / take away from the words | μὴ ἐπιθῇς / μὴ ἀφέλῃς | mē epithēs / mē aphelēs | jangan menambahkan / jangan mengurangi | Inspiration of Scripture (baseline extension) | 22 | Canon-integrity formula; keep focused on this book’s self-attestation, avoid turning into comparative-apologetics against other scriptures’ claimed preservation. |
| First resurrection | ἡ ἀνάστασις ἡ πρώτη | hē anastasis hē prōtē | kebangkitan yang pertama | Resurrection of Christ (baseline extension); Return and Reign of Christ | 20 | Unique two-resurrection technical structure; risk of confusion with the single general resurrection expected in mainstream Christian and Islamic eschatology alike. |
| Marriage/wedding of the Lamb | ὁ γάμος τοῦ ἀρνίου | ho gamos tou arniou | perkawinan Anak Domba | Church as Bride of Christ | 19 | Climactic consummation image; same corporate/covenantal framing caution as nymphē. |
| King of kings and Lord of lords | Βασιλεὺς βασιλέων καὶ Κύριος κυρίων | Basileus basileōn kai Kyrios kyriōn | Raja segala raja dan Tuan di atas segala tuan | Lordship of Christ (baseline extension) | 19 | Superlative supremacy title; stylistic care needed rendering repeated “lord” register in Indonesian without losing rhetorical force. |
| Millennium/thousand years | χίλια ἔτη | chilia etē | seribu tahun | Return and Reign of Christ | 20 | Genuinely disputed among faithful interpretive traditions; teach the underlying shared doctrine without imposing one millennial view as exclusively orthodox. |
| Great harlot / Babylon the great | ἡ πόρνη ἡ μεγάλη, Βαβυλὼν ἡ μεγάλη | hē pornē hē megalē, Babylōn hē megalē | perempuan sundal besar itu, Babel yang besar itu | Judgment of the Wicked (contrast to Bride doctrine) | 17–18 | Deliberate negative counterpart to Bride imagery; teach as symbolic system-critique, not license for misogynistic reading. |
D. New Terms — Medium Risk
| Term | Greek | Transliteration | Indonesian | Doctrine | Primary chapters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New (qualitatively) | καινός | kainos | baru | New Heaven and New Earth | 21 |
| Heaven / sky | οὐρανός | ouranos | langit / surga (context-dependent) | New Heaven and New Earth; Sovereignty of God | 21 |
| Earth | γῆ | gē | bumi | New Heaven and New Earth | 21 |
| Sea (symbolic) | θάλασσα | thalassa | laut | New Heaven and New Earth (apocalyptic-literalism) | 21 |
| Holy city | πόλις ἁγία | polis hagia | kota kudus | New Heaven and New Earth | 21 |
| Throne | θρόνος | thronos | takhta | Sovereignty of God over History | 1, 4–5, 20–22 |
| Elders (twenty-four) | πρεσβύτεροι | presbyteroi | tua-tua | Worship of the Lamb (apocalyptic-literalism) | 4–5, 7, 11, 14, 19 |
| Living creatures | ζῷα | zōa | makhluk-makhluk hidup | Worship of the Lamb (apocalyptic-literalism) | 4–7, 14–15, 19 |
| Scroll, seal | βιβλίον, σφραγίς | biblion, sphragis | gulungan kitab, meterai | Sovereignty of God over History | 5–8 |
| New song | ᾠδὴ καινή | ōdē kainē | nyanyian baru | Worship of the Lamb | 5, 14–15 |
| Kingdom and priests | βασιλεία καὶ ἱερεῖς | basileia kai hiereis | kerajaan dan imam-imam | Kingdom Mission (baseline extension) | 1, 5 |
| Hades | ᾅδης | hadēs | dunia orang mati | Judgment of the Wicked (apocalyptic-literalism) | 1, 6, 20 |
| Prayers of the saints / incense | θυμίαμα, προσευχαὶ τῶν ἁγίων | thymiama, proseuchai tōn hagiōn | ukupan, doa orang-orang kudus | Sovereignty of God over History | 5, 8 |
| Abyss | ἄβυσσος | abyssos | jurang maut | Assurance of God’s Final Victory (apocalyptic-literalism) | 9, 11, 20 |
| Demon | δαιμόνιον | daimonion | roh jahat / setan-setan | Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil | 9, 16, 18 |
| Mystery | μυστήριον | mystērion | rahasia | Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation | 1, 10, 17 |
| Great city (symbolic) | ἡ πόλις ἡ μεγάλη | hē polis hē megalē | kota besar itu | Judgment of the Wicked (apocalyptic-literalism) | 11, 16–18 |
| Accuser | κατήγορος | katēgoros | pendakwa | Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil | 12 |
| A time, times, and half a time | καιρὸν καὶ καιρούς καὶ ἥμισυ καιροῦ | kairon kai kairous kai hēmisy kairou | satu masa, dua masa, dan setengah masa | Sovereignty of God over History (apocalyptic-literalism) | 12 |
| Armageddon | Ἁρμαγεδών | Harmagedōn | Harmagedon | Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil (apocalyptic-literalism) | 16 |
| Blaspheme | βλασφημέω | blasphēmeō | menghujat | Judgment of the Wicked | 13, 16 |
| Firstfruits | ἀπαρχή | aparchē | buah bungaran | Resurrection (baseline extension) | 14 |
| Winepress of God’s wrath | ληνὸς τοῦ θυμοῦ τῆς ὀργῆς τοῦ θεοῦ | lēnos tou thymou tēs orgēs tou theou | kilangan anggur kegeraman murka Allah | Judgment of the Wicked (apocalyptic-literalism) | 14 |
| Nations bring their glory | ἔθνη φέρουσιν τὴν δόξαν | ethnē pherousin tēn doxan | bangsa-bangsa membawa kemuliaan | Universal Scope of the Gospel; Unity of Jews/Gentiles | 21 |
| Temple/sanctuary | ναός | naos | Bait Suci / Bait Allah | New Heaven and New Earth | 11, 21 |
| River/tree of life | ποταμὸς/ξύλον τῆς ζωῆς | potamos/xylon tēs zōēs | sungai/pohon kehidupan | New Heaven and New Earth | 22 |
| Curse (reversal of) | κατάρα | katara | kutuk | New Heaven and New Earth | 22 |
| Cowardly | δειλός | deilos | penakut | Perseverance under Persecution (negative case) | 21 |
| Unbelieving/faithless | ἄπιστος | apistos | tidak percaya | Faith (baseline extension, negative case) | 21 |
| Second death (see Critical table also cross-listed) | ὁ θάνατος ὁ δεύτερος | ho thanatos ho deuteros | kematian yang kedua | Judgment of the Wicked | 2, 20–21 |
E. New Terms — Low Risk
| Term | Greek | Transliteration | Indonesian | Doctrine | Primary chapters |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blessed | μακάριος | makarios | berbahagia | Assurance / general blessing formula | 1, 14, 16, 19–20, 22 |
| Wipe away (tears) | ἐξαλείφω | exaleiphō | menghapus | New Heaven and New Earth | 21 |
| Mourning, crying, pain | πένθος, κραυγή, πόνος | penthos, kraugē, ponos | perkabungan, ratap tangis, rasa sakit | New Heaven and New Earth | 21 |
| Tribulation | θλῖψις | thlipsis | kesengsaraan | Perseverance under Persecution | 1–2, 7 |
| Patient endurance | ὑπομονή | hypomonē | ketekunan / kesabaran | Perseverance under Persecution | 1–3, 13–14 |
| Works/deeds | ἔργα | erga | perbuatan | Perseverance; Grace-works distinction (baseline extension) | 2–3, 14, 20, 22 |
| Silence | σιγή | sigē | sunyi senyap | Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation | 8 |
| Locust, sorcerer, murderer, liar, idolater (vice-list items) | ἀκρίς, φαρμάκος, φονεύς, ψευδής, εἰδωλολάτρης | akris, pharmakos, phoneus, pseudēs, eidōlolatrēs | belalang, tukang sihir, pembunuh, pendusta, penyembah berhala | Judgment of the Wicked | 9, 21 |
| Hallelujah | Ἀλληλουϊά | Allēlouia | Haleluya | Worship of the Lamb | 19 |
| Little scroll | βιβλαρίδιον | biblaridion | gulungan kitab kecil | Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation | 10 |
| Plagues | πληγαί | plēgai | bencana / wabah | Judgment of the Wicked | 8–9, 15–16, 21–22 |
F. Cross-Reference: Doctrines Introduced or Extended in Revelation Not Present in the Baseline Doctrine Risk Registry
The following doctrines from the curriculum parameters are new to this book and should receive full entries in the forthcoming doctrine_risk_registry.json extension (Phase 1 Step 2+), each anchored to the glossary terms above:
- The Return and Reign of Christ — anchor terms: ἀρνίον, Ἄλφα καὶ τὸ Ὦ, βασιλεία, χίλια ἔτη, ὁ ἐρχόμενος ταχύ.
- The Sovereignty of God over History — anchor terms: παντοκράτωρ, θρόνος, μυστήριον, καιρὸν καὶ καιρούς.
- Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution — anchor terms: μαρτυρία/μάρτυς, ὁ νικῶν, ὑπομονή, θλῖψις.
- Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints — anchor terms: θηρίον, χάραγμα, θρόνος λευκὸς μέγας, λίμνη τοῦ πυρός, ὁ θάνατος ὁ δεύτερος.
- The New Heaven and New Earth — anchor terms: καινὸς οὐρανὸς καὶ καινή γῆ, σκηνόω, ξύλον/ποταμὸς τῆς ζωῆς, κατάρα.
- The Church as Bride of Christ — anchor terms: νύμφη, ὁ γάμος τοῦ ἀρνίου.
- Worship of the Lamb — anchor terms: ἀρνίον, προσκυνέω, ἄξιος, ᾠδὴ καινή.
- Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation — anchor terms: ἀποκάλυψις, all numeric/symbolic figures flagged “apocalyptic-literalism risk” throughout.
- Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil — anchor terms: δράκων/διάβολος/Σατανᾶς, ἄβυσσος, πιστοὶ καὶ ἀληθινοί, Ἁρμαγεδών.
Critical Risk Terms
Jesus
Approved rendering: Yesus
Transliteration: Yesus
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Nabi Isa
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Never Nabi Isa. Occurs throughout, climactically at 22:20-21’s ‘Amin, datanglah, Tuhan Yesus!’ Reject also any insider-movement substitution of ‘Isa’ for ‘Yesus’ in curriculum material (see 05 Translation Landscape §4.2).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Roh Kudus
Transliteration: Roh Kudus
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Occurs 1:4,10; 2-3 (sevenfold refrain ‘what the Spirit says to the churches’); 4:5; 22:17. See new entry seven_spirits_of_god for the symbolic-plural form unique to Revelation, which must never be read as seven separate divine beings.
Father
Approved rendering: Bapa
Transliteration: Bapa
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Occurs 1:6; 2:28; 3:5,21; 14:1. Reuse baseline adoption/procreation caution; never soften or omit per baseline doctrinal-preservation rule.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: Anak Allah
Transliteration: Anak Allah
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Applied to Christ at 2:18. Revelation 21:7 extends filial language (‘he will be my son’) to overcoming believers built on the foundation of Christ’s own unique Sonship — see new entry adoption_sonship; the two must never be collapsed into one doctrine.
Messiah
Approved rendering: Mesias
Transliteration: Mesias
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Occurs 1:1-2; 11:15; 12:10; 20:4,6 (as Kristus). Reuse baseline note distinguishing the crucified, risen, divine Messiah from the Qur’anic Isa al-Masih, a great prophet who is neither crucified nor divine.
Salvation
Approved rendering: keselamatan
Transliteration: keselamatan
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). ‘Salvation belongs to our God’ (7:10) is doxological: God’s sole achievement through the Lamb’s blood, never a deeds-and-mercy verdict. Same distinguishing note required at every occurrence (7:10; 12:10-11; 19:1).
Apostle
Approved rendering: rasul
Transliteration: rasul
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Occurs 18:20. See new entry twelve_apostles_of_the_lamb for 21:14’s foundational-city image, which requires the same theologian-reviewed distinguishing note from Islam’s closed prophetic line ending in Muhammad.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: Firman yang menjadi manusia
Transliteration: Firman yang menjadi manusia
Doctrine: Incarnation
Rejected alternatives: inkarnasi
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Directly invoked at 19:13’s Christological title ‘the Word of God’ (ho Logos tou Theou) — see new entry word_of_god_title — and at 21:3’s eschatological tabernacling — see new entry tabernacle_dwell.
Eternal Gospel
Approved rendering: Injil yang kekal
Transliteration: euangelion aionion
Doctrine: Gospel
Original: εὐαγγέλιον αἰώνιον
Category: Salvation
New term introduced in Revelation (14:6). Compounds the baseline Injil/Quranic-collision risk with an ‘eternal’ qualifier that could be misheard as a claim about an eternally-existing, uncorrupted scripture rivaling Quranic claims about the Injil given to Isa. ‘Eternal’ must be anchored to the message’s unchanging content, never to a claim about an eternal physical text. Requires theologian review at every occurrence.
Lamb
Approved rendering: Anak Domba
Transliteration: arnion
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Original: ἀρνίον
Category: Christology
New term introduced in Revelation. The dominant Christological title of the book (28 occurrences: chs. 5-7, 12-15, 17, 19, 21-22). Must retain both the sacrificial (‘slain’) and sovereign (‘worthy of worship,’ enthroned, judging) senses together at every occurrence; parallel theological weight to baseline’s Anak Allah. Requires theologian review at every occurrence.
Word Of God Title
Approved rendering: Firman Allah
Transliteration: ho Logos tou Theou
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: ὁ Λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ
Category: Christology
New term introduced in Revelation (19:13). Same Christological title as John 1:1,14’s ‘the Word,’ identifying the returning rider on the white horse. Must be explicitly connected in teaching to the baseline’s incarnation term (Firman yang menjadi manusia): the same eternal Logos who became flesh in humility now returns in glory and judgment.
Worship
Approved rendering: menyembah
Transliteration: proskyneo
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Rejected alternatives: menghormati (as a softening substitute)
Original: προσκυνέω
Category: Christology
New term introduced in Revelation. Physical prostration expressing total submission and adoration. Every instance directed at the Lamb, not only at God on the throne (5:8-14; 7:9-12; 15:4), must be flagged for theologian review, since Islamic theology categorically restricts worship (ibadah) to Allah alone — one of the New Testament’s strongest deity-of-Christ claims and must never be softened into mere honor or respect. The single highest-stakes ambiguity in the whole book (see 06 Linguistic Gap Analysis §E.1).
King Of Kings Lord Of Lords
Approved rendering: Raja segala raja dan Tuan di atas segala tuan
Transliteration: Basileus basileon kai Kyrios kyrion
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Tuhan di atas segala tuan (stacking Tuhan against itself, stylistically awkward)
Original: Βασιλεὺς βασιλέων καὶ Κύριος κυρίων
Category: Christology
New term introduced in Revelation (17:14; 19:16). Superlative supremacy title, the book’s definitive apocalyptic expression of Christ’s exclusive Lordship. Use established Bible-translation practice distinguishing ‘Raja’ (king)/‘raja’ (kings) from capitalized ‘Tuan’ (Lord)/lowercase ‘tuan’ (lords) to preserve rhetorical structure. Flag for joint theologian and native-speaker review.
Twelve Apostles Of The Lamb
Approved rendering: dua belas rasul Anak Domba
Transliteration: hoi dodeka apostoloi tou arniou
Doctrine: Apostleship
Original: οἱ δώδεκα ἀπόστολοι τοῦ ἀρνίου
Category: Church
New term introduced in Revelation (21:14). The New Jerusalem’s foundation stones, named for the Twelve. Reuses baseline Critical rasul framing, distinguishing the NT church-founding office from the Islamic doctrine of a closed prophetic line culminating in Muhammad.
Testimony Witness
Approved rendering: kesaksian / saksi
Transliteration: martyria / martys
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Rejected alternatives: syahid, mati syahid
Original: μαρτυρία / μάρτυς
Category: Church
New term introduced in Revelation (1:2,9; 2:13; 6:9; 11:3-7; 12:11,17; 17:6; 20:4). The semantic drift toward ‘martyr’ (one killed for testimony) must NEVER use syahid/mati syahid, the specific Islamic doctrine tied to dying in armed jihad with guaranteed paradise. Use martir (loanword) or ‘yang mati karena kesaksiannya tentang Yesus.’ 12:11 is the doctrinal keystone verse.
Revelation Book Title
Approved rendering: Wahyu
Transliteration: apokalypsis
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Original: ἀποκάλυψις
Category: Apocalyptic Symbolism
New term introduced in Revelation (1:1, book title ‘Wahyu kepada Yohanes’). Wahyu is the core Islamic term for revelation transmitted to a prophet, culminating and closing in the Qur’an to Muhammad. Every reference must be anchored explicitly to the specific unveiling of the risen, reigning, returning Jesus Christ given to John — never a generic label competing with the Qur’an’s status as wahyu.
Beast
Approved rendering: binatang itu
Transliteration: therion
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: θηρίον
Category: Judgment
New term introduced in Revelation (11, 13-17, 19-20). Primary antagonist power. Strong apocalyptic-literalism risk in both directions — must be taught as symbolic of anti-Christian political/religious power across history while affirming a real future culmination, never resolved into a single confident historical or contemporary identification (see 05 Translation Landscape §2.6 on Rev 17:9-11).
Mark Of The Beast
Approved rendering: tanda binatang itu
Transliteration: charagma
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: χάραγμα
Category: Judgment
New term introduced in Revelation (13-14, 16, 19-20). Symbol of total economic/social allegiance to the beast’s system, contrasted with the seal of God (7:3, 14:1). Resist both over-literalized technological speculation and under-literalized dismissal.
Devil Satan
Approved rendering: Iblis, Setan
Transliteration: diabolos, Satanas
Doctrine: Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil
Original: διάβολος, Σατανᾶς (with δράκων, ὁ ὄφις ὁ ἀρχαῖος)
Category: Judgment
New term introduced in Revelation, with ‘naga’ (dragon) and ‘ular tua’ (ancient serpent) in the four-fold identification chain (12:9; 20:2). Iblis is the specific Islamic proper name and jinn-refusal-to-prostrate origin-narrative, distinct from the biblical fallen-angel account; fence every identification-chain occurrence with a note on the differing backstories, while affirming shared recognition of him as the ultimate defeated adversary.
Second Death
Approved rendering: kematian yang kedua
Transliteration: ho thanatos ho deuteros
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: ὁ θάνατος ὁ δεύτερος
Category: Eschatology
New term introduced in Revelation (2:11; 20:6,14; 21:8, within the core passage). Technical Johannine term for final eschatological judgment distinct from ordinary physical death; no ready Indonesian equivalent. Requires a mandatory explanatory gloss at every occurrence; never paraphrase away as merely ‘punishment’ or bare repetition of ordinary death.
Great White Throne
Approved rendering: takhta putih yang besar
Transliteration: thronos leukos megas
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: θρόνος λευκὸς μέγας
Category: Eschatology
New term introduced in Revelation (20:11-15). Every occurrence must carry a note distinguishing this judgment scene (deeds revealed/confirmed, but final standing determined by inclusion in the book of life through faith) from an Islamic framework where deeds are weighed against mercy (mizan) to determine the verdict itself. See also new entry book_of_life.
Second Coming Of Christ
Approved rendering: kedatangan Kristus yang kedua
Transliteration: n/a (theological compound, cf. parousia)
Doctrine: The Return and Reign of Christ
Rejected alternatives: kedatangan (bare, unmarked — risks conflation with the incarnation)
New locked compound phrase (06 Linguistic Gap Analysis §A) covering 1:7, 19:11-16, 22:7,12,20. Never render as bare ‘kedatangan’; always the full compound to distinguish this event from Christ’s first coming (incarnation). Every occurrence must block conflation with the Islamic end-times expectation of a subordinate-prophet Isa returning under Allah’s authority to defeat al-Dajjal and later die a natural death — Revelation’s Christ returns as co-equal reigning Sovereign, not a returning created messenger.
Kingdom Climactic Announcement
Approved rendering: Kerajaan Allah dan Kerajaan Kristus-Nya
Transliteration: he basileia tou kosmou…tou kyriou hemon kai tou Christou autou
Doctrine: The Return and Reign of Christ
Original: ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ κόσμου…τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν καὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ αὐτοῦ
Category: Kingdom
New locked term for Revelation 11:15’s definitive seventh-trumpet announcement. Requires verbatim consistency across all curriculum documents, parallel to the baseline’s Romans 1:16-17/8:28/10:9-10 treatment. Must never be read as a subordinate-kingdom arrangement; asserts total, co-equal divine triumph.
Amen Come Lord Jesus
Approved rendering: Amin, datanglah, Tuhan Yesus!
Transliteration: Amen, erchou, Kyrie Iesou
Doctrine: The Return and Reign of Christ
Original: Ἀμήν, ἔρχου, Κύριε Ἰησοῦ
Category: Christology
New locked term for Revelation 22:20-21’s closing confession. Flag for identical, verbatim rendering across every curriculum document, on the same footing as the baseline’s Romans 1:16-17/8:28/10:9-10 thesis-verse consistency rules.
Book Of Life
Approved rendering: kitab kehidupan
Transliteration: biblos tes zoes
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
New term introduced in Revelation (3:5; 13:8; 17:8; 20:12,15; 21:27). Adequate literal Indonesian rendering exists, but requires a mandatory contrastive gloss at every Critical-risk judgment-scene occurrence: final standing is determined by inclusion in this book through faith in the Lamb, never by weighing deeds against divine mercy (Islamic mizan).
High Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: Allah
Transliteration: Allah
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Central across all 22 chapters of Revelation. Revelation intensifies the underlying risk by applying titles reserved for God alone (Pantokrator, Alpha and Omega, proskyneo) to Christ throughout the book — see new entries almighty, alpha_and_omega, worship.
Lord
Approved rendering: Tuhan
Transliteration: Tuhan
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: κύριος
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Escalates to Critical specifically in the compound title Revelation 19:16 ‘King of kings and Lord of lords’ — see new entry king_of_kings_lord_of_lords. Elsewhere (1:5, 17:14, 22:20-21) retains baseline High risk.
Gospel
Approved rendering: Injil
Transliteration: injil
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: kabar baik
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Escalates to Critical specifically at 14:6’s ‘eternal gospel’ — see new entry eternal_gospel. Elsewhere retains baseline High risk and Quranic-collision caution.
Faith
Approved rendering: iman
Transliteration: iman
Doctrine: Faith
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Occurs 2:13,19; 13:10; 14:12; 21:8 (negated as apistos, see new entry unbelieving). Object of iman must remain recoverable as Christ specifically, tested here under persecution pressure.
Grace
Approved rendering: anugerah
Transliteration: anugerah
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: rahmat, pahala
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Occurs in the epistolary greeting (1:4). Reinforced by dorean (‘freely,’ 21:6, 22:17) at the book’s climax — see new entry freely_as_a_gift.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: kebenaran
Transliteration: kebenaran
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). At 19:8 ‘the righteous acts of the saints’ (fine linen) must be taught as fruit of grace-given standing, never merit accumulated toward acceptance. Distinct from the adjectival ‘benar’ in pistos kai alethinos — see new entry faithful_and_true.
Prophet
Approved rendering: nabi
Transliteration: nabi
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Original: προφήτης
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Occurs 10:7; 11:10,18; 16:6; 18:20,24; 22:6,9. Contrasted throughout with the false prophet — see new entry false_prophet.
Covenant
Approved rendering: perjanjian
Transliteration: perjanjian
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). ‘Ark of the covenant’ appears at 11:19.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: kebangkitan
Transliteration: kebangkitan
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Occurs in Christ’s own resurrection titles (ch. 1) and the two-resurrection structure of ch. 20 — see new entry first_resurrection.
Obedience Of Faith
Approved rendering: ketaatan iman
Transliteration: ketaatan iman
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith
Rejected alternatives: ketaatan syariat
Original: τηρέω τὰς ἐντολὰς…καὶ τὴν πίστιν/μαρτυρίαν Ἰησοῦ
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Echoed at 12:17 and 14:12’s formula ‘keep the commandments of God and hold to the testimony/faith of Jesus.’ Never ketaatan syariat.
Adoption
Approved rendering: pengangkatan sebagai anak
Transliteration: pengangkatan sebagai anak
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Underlies 21:7’s ‘he will be my son’ — see new entry adoption_sonship for the specific Revelation rendering of the noun huios in that verse.
Faithful And True
Approved rendering: setia dan benar
Transliteration: pistos kai alethinos
Doctrine: Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil
Original: πιστὸς καὶ ἀληθινός
Category: Faith
New term introduced in Revelation (3:14; 19:11; 21:5; 22:6). The adjectival ‘benar’ (truthful reliability) must be kept distinct from the Critical forensic sense of kebenaran (righteousness/justification) already established in the baseline.
Redeemed Purchased
Approved rendering: menebus
Transliteration: agorazo
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: menyelamatkan (as a flattening substitute)
Original: ἀγοράζω
Category: Salvation
New term introduced in Revelation (5:9; 14:3-4). Price-paid redemption imagery by the Lamb’s blood; must not flatten into generic ‘menyelamatkan,’ which loses the ransom-price sense central to Worship of the Lamb doctrine.
Adoption Sonship
Approved rendering: anak
Transliteration: huios
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: υἱός
Category: Salvation
New term introduced in Revelation (21:7, ‘he will be my son’). Full filial, inheritance-bearing son-status conferred on the overcomer by grace, echoing 2 Samuel 7:14. Must be taught alongside baseline pengangkatan sebagai anak framing as relational/legal, never physical procreation, and kept distinct from Christ’s own unique, eternal Sonship (son_of_god).
Almighty
Approved rendering: Yang Mahakuasa
Transliteration: pantokrator
Doctrine: The Sovereignty of God over History
Original: παντοκράτωρ
Category: God
New term introduced in Revelation (1:8; 4:8; 11:17; 15:3; 16:7,14; 19:6,15; 21:22). Standard shared vocabulary compatible with Islamic Al-Qadir as an attribute; risk is that this title is applied to the Triune God including Christ (1:8, cf. 1:17-18), asserting specifically Trinitarian sovereignty. Teaching notes must make the referent explicit at each occurrence.
Alpha And Omega
Approved rendering: Alfa dan Omega
Transliteration: Alpha kai to O
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: τὸ Ἄλφα καὶ τὸ Ὦ
Category: God
New term introduced in Revelation (1:8; 21:6; 22:13). Applied to both God the Father and to Christ; when applied to Jesus (22:13), flag for theologian review as asserting the same eternal, uncreated status as when applied to the Father, directly bearing on Deity of Christ. Never adopt Jehovah’s Witness/NWT-style readings that soften this into a lesser, created-being claim (see 05 Translation Landscape §4.1).
Son Of Man
Approved rendering: Anak Manusia
Transliteration: huios anthropou
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου
Category: Christology
New term introduced in Revelation (1:13; 14:14). Danielic/messianic self-designation affirming Christ’s full humanity together with glorified divine authority. Must be kept visually and conceptually distinct from Anak Allah so the two titles are never confused or collapsed.
Firstborn Of The Dead
Approved rendering: yang pertama bangkit dari antara orang mati
Transliteration: prototokos ton nekron
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: πρωτότοκος τῶν νεκρῶν
Category: Christology
New term introduced in Revelation (1:5). Extends the baseline resurrection doctrine to Christ’s unique historical priority and paradigm for believers’ own resurrection.
Slain Lamb
Approved rendering: yang telah disembelih
Transliteration: esphagmenos
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Original: ἐσφαγμένος
Category: Christology
New term introduced in Revelation (5:6,12; 13:8). Perfect participle denoting the Lamb’s completed, past sacrificial death with ongoing, visible significance. Must retain the ongoing, present-tense visibility of the slain-yet-living, reigning Lamb — a deliberate theological paradox, never smoothed away.
Root Offspring Key Of David
Approved rendering: Tunas dan keturunan Daud / kunci Daud
Transliteration: rhiza, genos, kleis Dauid
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: ῥίζα, γένος, κλεῖς Δαυίδ
Category: Christology
New term introduced in Revelation (3:7; 5:5; 22:16). Messianic-Davidic titles (Genesis 49:9-10; Isaiah 11:1,10) asserting Christ’s fulfillment of the Davidic covenant; requires explicit OT covenant-promise background teaching.
Worthy
Approved rendering: layak
Transliteration: axios
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Original: ἄξιος
Category: Christology
New term introduced in Revelation (4:11; 5:2,4,9,12). The worship-refrain of Revelation; worthiness is granted uniquely to God the Creator and the slain Lamb, never extended to any other figure, angel, or elder (cf. 22:8-9’s angel-refusal contrast).
Wrath Of The Lamb
Approved rendering: murka Anak Domba
Transliteration: orge tou arniou
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: ὀργὴ τοῦ ἀρνίου
Category: Christology
New term introduced in Revelation (6:16-17). Paradoxical pairing of the sacrificial ‘Lamb’ title with divine judicial wrath. Orge must be rendered consistently as righteous judicial anger, never capricious rage. Do not smooth the deliberate jarring quality of pairing ‘Lamb’ with ‘wrath.‘
Church Bride
Approved rendering: pengantin perempuan
Transliteration: nymphe
Doctrine: The Church as Bride of Christ
Rejected alternatives: mempelai (less standard in Bible-translation tradition)
Original: νύμφη
Category: Church
New term introduced in Revelation (19:7; 21:2,9; 22:17). Corporate, covenantal, consummated union imagery for the whole believing community. Never a claim about individual believers’ marital status, nor about God the Father taking a literal spouse.
Marriage Of The Lamb
Approved rendering: perkawinan Anak Domba
Transliteration: ho gamos tou arniou
Doctrine: The Church as Bride of Christ
Original: ὁ γάμος τοῦ ἀρνίου
Category: Church
New term introduced in Revelation (19:6-9). The consummation of the Bride imagery. Requires the same corporate/covenantal framing note as church_bride.
Spirit And Bride Say Come
Approved rendering: Roh dan pengantin itu berkata, “Marilah!”
Transliteration: to pneuma kai he nymphe legousin, erchou
Doctrine: The Church as Bride of Christ
Original: τὸ πνεῦμα καὶ ἡ νύμφη λέγουσιν, ἔρχου
Category: Church
New term introduced in Revelation (22:17). The church’s Spirit-prompted longing for Christ’s return. Distinct from and must never be conflated with the Critical-risk baseline doa syafaat intercession doctrine — this is longing/petition, not mediatorial intercession.
Overcomer
Approved rendering: yang menang
Transliteration: ho nikon
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Original: ὁ νικῶν
Category: Church
New term introduced in Revelation. Present participle of nikao, closing refrain of each of the seven letters (chs. 2-3) and climactically at 21:7. Risks being heard through regional triumphalist religious-political victory/jihad rhetoric; every occurrence needs a note clarifying nonviolent faithfulness secured by Christ’s finished work (12:11), not victory achieved by the believer’s own strength or struggle.
False Prophet
Approved rendering: nabi palsu
Transliteration: pseudoprophetes
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: ψευδοπροφήτης
Category: Church
New term introduced in Revelation (13:11-17; 16:13; 19:20; 20:10). Every occurrence should be taught alongside baseline nabi/Inspiration of Scripture doctrine, distinguishing Revelation’s internal true-vs-false-prophet contrast from the Islamic doctrine of a closed prophetic line ending with Muhammad.
The 144000 Sealed
Approved rendering: dimeteraikan, 144.000
Transliteration: sphragizo, hekaton tesserakonta tessares chiliades
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Original: σφραγίζω, ἑκατὸν τεσσεράκοντα τέσσαρες χιλιάδες
Category: Apocalyptic Symbolism
New term introduced in Revelation (7:4; 14:1,3). Symbolic number (12x12x1,000) for the complete, protected people of God, not a literal census cap — a very common and consequential over-literalist misreading in popular apocalyptic teaching.
Millennium
Approved rendering: seribu tahun
Transliteration: chilia ete
Doctrine: The Return and Reign of Christ
Original: χίλια ἔτη
Category: Apocalyptic Symbolism
New term introduced in Revelation (20:1-7). Genuinely disputed among faithful interpretive traditions (premillennial, amillennial, postmillennial). Teach the shared core doctrine (Christ’s certain return and reign; a first resurrection distinct from the general resurrection) without presenting one millennial view as the only orthodox option.
Great Harlot Babylon
Approved rendering: perempuan sundal besar itu, Babel yang besar itu
Transliteration: he porne he megale, Babylon he megale
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: ἡ πόρνη ἡ μεγάλη, Βαβυλὼν ἡ μεγάλη
Category: Judgment
New term introduced in Revelation (17-18). Deliberate negative counterpart to the Bride of Christ imagery in chs. 19, 21; teach as symbolic system-critique, never license for misogynistic reading or literal-city identification (see beast entry).
Lake Of Fire
Approved rendering: lautan api
Transliteration: limne tou pyros
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: λίμνη τοῦ πυρός
Category: Eschatology
New term introduced in Revelation (19:20; 20:10,14-15; 21:8). Must not be softened into a metaphor for mere non-existence, nor sensationalized independent of the passage’s pastoral purpose (assurance for the overcomer, warning for the unrepentant).
First Resurrection
Approved rendering: kebangkitan yang pertama
Transliteration: he anastasis he prote
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: ἡ ἀνάστασις ἡ πρώτη
Category: Eschatology
New term introduced in Revelation (20:5-6). Resurrection unto reigning with Christ, contrasted with a ‘second’ resurrection unto judgment. Unique two-resurrection structure requires its own explanatory note; easily confused with the single general resurrection expected in both mainstream Christian and Islamic eschatology.
Coming Soon
Approved rendering: Aku datang segera
Transliteration: ho erchomenos tachy
Doctrine: The Return and Reign of Christ
Original: ὁ ἐρχόμενος ταχύ
Category: Eschatology
New term introduced in Revelation (22:7,12,20). Should be taught as certainty and nearness-in-God’s-perspective, not a falsifiable chronological prediction, given nearly two millennia since these words were written — an important pastoral-apologetic note.
Tabernacle Dwell
Approved rendering: akan berdiam bersama-sama / kemah
Transliteration: skene / skenoo
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: σκηνή / σκηνόω
Category: Eschatology
New term introduced in Revelation (7:15; 12:12; 13:6; 21:3, within the core passage). Same verb as John 1:14’s ‘the Word became flesh and dwelt among us.’ Requires a mandatory teaching note explicitly drawing the John 1:14 connection: God’s tabernacling presence, begun in the incarnate Christ, becomes the permanent condition of the new creation — the same theological pressure point as baseline Incarnation, applied eschatologically.
People Of God
Approved rendering: umat
Transliteration: laos
Doctrine: The Sovereignty of God over History
Original: λαός
Category: Covenant
New term introduced in Revelation (18:4; 21:3, within the core passage). ‘Umat’ is also the generic Indonesian sociological term for any religious community’s adherents (umat Islam, umat Kristen); must be anchored as God’s own unique covenant people (echoing Leviticus 26:12, Jeremiah 31:33), never one umat among several parallel, socially-registered religious communities.
Do Not Add Take Away
Approved rendering: jangan menambahkan / jangan mengurangi
Transliteration: me epithes / me apheles
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Original: μὴ ἐπιθῇς / μὴ ἀφέλῃς
Category: Church
New term introduced in Revelation (22:18-19). Covenant-document integrity formula echoing Deuteronomy 4:2, self-referential to this book’s own text. Must remain scoped to Revelation’s own self-attestation and never be turned into comparative apologetics against other scriptures’ claimed preservation (e.g. the Qur’an’s tahrif doctrine regarding the Injil).
Medium Risk Terms
Holy
Approved rendering: kudus
Transliteration: kudus
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: suci
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Trisagion ‘Holy, holy, holy’ (4:8) and ‘holy city’ (21:2, 22:19); never suci.
Saints
Approved rendering: orang-orang kudus
Transliteration: orang-orang kudus
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: wali
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Very frequent in Revelation’s second half (5, 8, 11, 13-14, 16-20). Never wali (Sufi saints venerated at Indonesian pilgrimage sites).
Glory
Approved rendering: kemuliaan
Transliteration: kemuliaan
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Central to Worship of the Lamb doctrine throughout (1, 4-5, 7, 15, 18-19, 21).
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: Kerajaan Allah
Transliteration: Kerajaan Allah
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Escalates to Critical specifically at 11:15’s climactic double announcement — see new entry kingdom_climactic_announcement. Must never stand as unqualified political-kingdom language; always paired with Allah/Kristus/Anak Domba as subject.
David
Approved rendering: Daud
Transliteration: Daud
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Occurs 3:7; 5:5; 22:16 in the Root/Offspring/Key of David titles — see new entry root_offspring_key_of_david.
Israel
Approved rendering: Israel
Transliteration: Israel
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Twelve tribes named on the New Jerusalem’s gates (21:12); occurs also 2:14, 7:4.
Sin
Approved rendering: dosa
Transliteration: dosa
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). ‘[He] freed us from our sins by his blood’ (1:5, following the modern critical text’s lysanti reading — see 05 Translation Landscape §2.1, never the older lousanti ‘washed’ variant unless explicitly footnoted); ‘her sins’ of Babylon (18:5).
Gentiles
Approved rendering: bangsa-bangsa lain
Transliteration: bangsa-bangsa lain
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: orang kafir
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Extremely frequent (2, 5, 7, 10-15, 17-22); semantic range is broader here than Romans’ strict Jew/Gentile contrast — often ‘the nations’ generally, sometimes judged, sometimes ultimately included (21:24, see new entry nations_bring_glory). Never orang kafir.
Church
Approved rendering: jemaat
Transliteration: jemaat
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: gereja
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Used for the seven local congregations addressed in chapters 1-3 (ekklesia). Distinct from the corporate/universal Bride imagery of chs. 19, 21-22 — see new entry church_bride; do not conflate the two usages.
Seed Of David
Approved rendering: keturunan Daud
Transliteration: keturunan Daud
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Underlies the Root/Offspring of David titles at 5:5 and 22:16 — see new entry root_offspring_key_of_david.
Unbelieving
Approved rendering: tidak percaya
Transliteration: apistos
Doctrine: Faith
Original: ἄπιστος
Category: Faith
New term introduced in Revelation. Negative counterpart of the faith that justifies; part of the vice-list of the judged in the core passage (21:8).
Throne
Approved rendering: takhta
Transliteration: thronos
Doctrine: The Sovereignty of God over History
Original: θρόνος
Category: God
New term introduced in Revelation (1, 4-5, 20-22). Reserved for God’s/the Lamb’s throne; distinguished from any earthly kerajaan throne.
Mystery
Approved rendering: rahasia
Transliteration: mysterion
Doctrine: The Sovereignty of God over History
Original: μυστήριον
Category: God
New term introduced in Revelation (1:20; 10:7; 17:5,7). Should not suggest esoteric/gnostic secret knowledge available only to initiates.
Kingdom And Priests
Approved rendering: kerajaan dan imam-imam
Transliteration: basileia kai hiereis
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία καὶ ἱερεῖς
Category: Church
New term introduced in Revelation (1:6; 5:10). Corporate identity conferred on the redeemed (echoing Exodus 19:6); no equivalent lay-priesthood concept in Islam, where religious authority is mediated through scholars (ulama) — may need explicit unpacking.
Elders Twenty Four
Approved rendering: tua-tua
Transliteration: presbyteroi (eikosi tessares)
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Original: πρεσβύτεροι (εἴκοσι τέσσαρες)
Category: Apocalyptic Symbolism
New term introduced in Revelation (4-5, 7, 11, 14, 19). Representative heavenly figures, symbolic of the whole people of God, not a literal census of individuals.
Living Creatures
Approved rendering: makhluk-makhluk hidup
Transliteration: zoa
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Original: ζῷα
Category: Apocalyptic Symbolism
New term introduced in Revelation (4-7, 14-15, 19). Four symbolic beings (cf. Ezekiel 1, Isaiah 6) representing the fullness of created life joining worship of the Creator.
Scroll And Seal
Approved rendering: gulungan kitab, meterai
Transliteration: biblion, sphragis
Doctrine: The Sovereignty of God over History
Original: βιβλίον, σφραγίς
Category: Apocalyptic Symbolism
New term introduced in Revelation (5-8). Represents God’s sovereign plan for history, opened only by the worthy Lamb.
Time Times Half Time
Approved rendering: satu masa, dua masa, dan setengah masa
Transliteration: kairon kai kairous kai hemisy kairou
Doctrine: The Sovereignty of God over History
Rejected alternatives: three and a half years (falsely precise calendrical smoothing)
Original: καιρὸν καὶ καιρούς καὶ ἥμισυ καιροῦ
Category: Apocalyptic Symbolism
New term introduced in Revelation (12:14; cf. 11:2-3, 12:6, 13:5). Symbolic period (half of seven = limitation); strong caution against date-setting or literal calendrical calculation.
Armageddon
Approved rendering: Harmagedon
Transliteration: Harmagedon
Doctrine: Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil
Original: Ἁρμαγεδών
Category: Apocalyptic Symbolism
New term introduced in Revelation (16:16). Symbolic place-name for the final gathering of hostile powers against God; not necessarily a literal single battlefield requiring geopolitical speculation.
Great City Symbolic
Approved rendering: kota besar itu
Transliteration: he polis he megale
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: ἡ πόλις ἡ μεγάλη
Category: Apocalyptic Symbolism
New term introduced in Revelation (11:8; 16-18). Symbolic designation for the world-system opposed to God (identified with Sodom, Egypt, Babylon at different points), not a claim about one literal city’s permanent identity.
New Song
Approved rendering: nyanyian baru
Transliteration: ode kaine
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Original: ᾠδὴ καινή
Category: Apocalyptic Symbolism
New term introduced in Revelation (5:9; 14:3). Worship response to the Lamb’s redemptive achievement.
Accuser
Approved rendering: pendakwa
Transliteration: kategoros
Doctrine: Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil
Original: κατήγορος
Category: Judgment
New term introduced in Revelation (12:10). Names Satan’s characteristic activity, decisively overcome.
Abyss
Approved rendering: jurang maut
Transliteration: abyssos
Doctrine: Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil
Original: ἄβυσσος
Category: Judgment
New term introduced in Revelation (9, 11, 20). Confining prison-realm of demonic powers; demonic power operates only within God-sovereignly-permitted limits.
Demon
Approved rendering: roh jahat / setan-setan
Transliteration: daimonion
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and Demonology
Original: δαιμόνιον
Category: Judgment
New term introduced in Revelation (9, 16, 18). Indonesia’s folk cosmology (jin, hantu, roh halus) has extensive ritual practice of appeasement/consultation via dukun; teaching materials must make clear Revelation’s demons are to be resisted under Christ’s authority alone, never consulted, placated, or treated as neutral local spirits.
Hades
Approved rendering: dunia orang mati
Transliteration: hades
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: ᾅδης
Category: Judgment
New term introduced in Revelation (1:18; 6:8; 20:13-14). Realm/power of death, personified alongside Death itself; distinct from the final lake of fire. Should not be conflated with any specific local-religious underworld concept.
Blaspheme
Approved rendering: menghujat
Transliteration: blasphemeo
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: βλασφημέω
Category: Judgment
New term introduced in Revelation (13:6; 16:9,11,21). Names the unrepentant world’s active hostility toward God, not mere ignorance.
Winepress Of Wrath
Approved rendering: kilangan anggur kegeraman murka Allah
Transliteration: lenos tou thymou tes orges tou theou
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: ληνὸς τοῦ θυμοῦ τῆς ὀργῆς τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Judgment
New term introduced in Revelation (14:19-20). Judgment imagery drawing on Isaiah 63 and Joel 3.
New Qualitatively
Approved rendering: baru
Transliteration: kainos
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Rejected alternatives: lain (a different/other one — loses the qualitative-renewal sense)
Original: καινός
Category: Eschatology
New term introduced in Revelation (21:1,5). Must signal qualitative renewal (kainos), not mere replacement, repair, or another instance in a series (neos).
Sea Symbolic
Approved rendering: laut
Transliteration: thalassa
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: θάλασσα
Category: Eschatology
New term introduced in Revelation (21:1, ‘no more sea’). In apocalyptic idiom the sea is the origin of chaos/the beast (13:1); ‘no more sea’ symbolically removes the primeval source of chaos, not a mundane geographic/hydrological claim.
Holy City
Approved rendering: kota kudus
Transliteration: polis hagia
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: πόλις ἁγία
Category: Eschatology
New term introduced in Revelation (21:2; 22:19). The consummated, corporate people of God, not a private paradise for isolated individuals.
Temple Sanctuary
Approved rendering: Bait Suci / Bait Allah
Transliteration: naos
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: ναός
Category: Eschatology
New term introduced in Revelation (11:1-2,19; 21:22). ‘I saw no temple in the city, for the Lord God the Almighty and the Lamb are its temple’ (21:22) — connect explicitly to the tabernacle_dwell theme: direct access to God’s presence, not ongoing ritual mediation.
Tree River Of Life
Approved rendering: sungai air kehidupan, pohon kehidupan
Transliteration: potamos hydatos zoes, xylon zoes
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: ποταμὸς ὕδατος ζωῆς, ξύλον ζωῆς
Category: Eschatology
New term introduced in Revelation (22:1-2). Edenic imagery (Genesis 2:9-10) restored and intensified; reuse living_water_of_life from 21:6.
Curse Reversal
Approved rendering: kutuk
Transliteration: katara
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: κατάρα
Category: Eschatology
New term introduced in Revelation (22:3). The Genesis 3 curse on creation, definitively reversed; connect explicitly to Genesis 3 in teaching materials.
Living Water Of Life
Approved rendering: air kehidupan
Transliteration: pege tou hydatos tes zoes
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: air hidup/segar (generic, loses the theological sense)
Original: πηγὴ τοῦ ὕδατος τῆς ζωῆς
Category: Eschatology
New term introduced in Revelation (21:6; 22:1,17, within/adjacent to the core passage). Spiritual thirst answered by an inexhaustible divine source (echoes John 4:14, 7:37-38; Isaiah 55:1); must be kept distinct from generic refreshing water.
Nations Bring Glory
Approved rendering: bangsa-bangsa membawa kemuliaan
Transliteration: ethne pherousin ten doxan
Doctrine: Universal Scope of the Gospel
Original: ἔθνη φέρουσιν τὴν δόξαν
Category: Church
New term introduced in Revelation (21:24-26). Positive, inclusive eschatological climax of Gentile inclusion; teach alongside baseline’s Romans 15:8-12 treatment.
Firstfruits
Approved rendering: buah bungaran
Transliteration: aparche
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Original: ἀπαρχή
Category: Eschatology
New term introduced in Revelation (14:4). Connects to the baseline’s Resurrection doctrine’s firstfruits language (cf. 1 Corinthians 15:20).
Cowardly
Approved rendering: penakut
Transliteration: deilos
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Original: δειλός
Category: Faith
New term introduced in Revelation (21:8, within the core passage). Names apostasy under persecution-pressure as judgment-worthy unfaithfulness — negative case of the Perseverance doctrine.
Low Risk Terms
Prophecy
Approved rendering: nubuat
Transliteration: nubuat
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy
Original: προφητεία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). ‘Words of this prophecy’ (22:18-19) ties to the Inspiration of Scripture doctrine and the canon-integrity formula — see new entry do_not_add_take_away.
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: ucapan syukur
Transliteration: ucapan syukur
Doctrine: Thanksgiving and Praise
Inherited from Romans package (copied exactly). Doxological refrains at 4:9; 7:12; 11:17; 19:1-6; addressee (God and the Lamb together) must remain clear in context.
Little Scroll
Approved rendering: gulungan kitab kecil
Transliteration: biblaridion
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Original: βιβλαρίδιον
Category: Apocalyptic Symbolism
New term introduced in Revelation (10:9-10). Symbolizes the mixed sweetness and bitterness of the prophetic task.
Silence
Approved rendering: sunyi senyap
Transliteration: sige
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Original: σιγή
Category: Apocalyptic Symbolism
New term introduced in Revelation (8:1). Dramatic pause heightening the solemnity of God’s coming judgment.
Plagues
Approved rendering: bencana / wabah
Transliteration: plegai
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: πληγαί
Category: Apocalyptic Symbolism
New term introduced in Revelation (8-9, 15-16, 21-22). Standard vocabulary for divinely-sent judgments.
Vice List
Approved rendering: tukang sihir, pembunuh, pendusta, penyembah berhala
Transliteration: pharmakos, phoneus, pseudes, eidololatres, akris
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: φαρμάκος, φονεύς, ψευδής, εἰδωλολάτρης, ἀκρίς
Category: Judgment
New term introduced in Revelation (9:3-11; 21:8; 22:15). Concrete moral/occult categories in the vice-lists of the judged; pharmakos should be taught as occult/spiritist practice generally, never targeting a specific ethnic or folk-tradition group.
Blessed
Approved rendering: berbahagia
Transliteration: makarios
Doctrine: Beatitudes and Blessing
Original: μακάριος
Category: Faith
New term introduced in Revelation (1:3; 14:13; 16:15; 19:9; 20:6; 22:7,14). Introduces the book’s seven ‘blessed’ sayings, framing Revelation as meant to bless its hearers, not merely alarm them.
Wipe Away Tears
Approved rendering: menghapus
Transliteration: exaleipho
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: ἐξαλείφω
Category: Eschatology
New term introduced in Revelation (21:4, within the core passage). God’s own tender action removing all sorrow; warm register appropriate.
Mourning Crying Pain
Approved rendering: perkabungan, ratap tangis, rasa sakit
Transliteration: penthos, kraugē, ponos
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: πένθος, κραυγή, πόνος
Category: Eschatology
New term introduced in Revelation (21:4, within the core passage). Grief-language triad deliberately reversing Genesis 3’s curse-language; draw the connection explicitly in teaching.
Tribulation
Approved rendering: kesengsaraan
Transliteration: thlipsis
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Original: θλῖψις
Category: Faith
New term introduced in Revelation (1:9; 2:9-10; 7:14). Real, present suffering of the churches under persecution.
Patient Endurance
Approved rendering: ketekunan / kesabaran
Transliteration: hypomone
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Faith
New term introduced in Revelation (1-3, 13-14). Steadfastness under trial, not passive resignation; positive counterpart to ‘overcoming.‘
Works Deeds
Approved rendering: perbuatan
Transliteration: erga
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Original: ἔργα
Category: Faith
New term introduced in Revelation (2-3, 14, 20, 22:12). Observable conduct evaluated by Christ; every occurrence should be taught alongside baseline Grace/Faith doctrines to prevent a deeds-based reading of final acceptance — deeds are fruit and evidence, never the ground, of salvation.
Hallelujah
Approved rendering: Haleluya
Transliteration: Allelouia
Doctrine: Thanksgiving and Praise
Original: Ἀλληλουϊά
Category: Church
New term introduced in Revelation (19:1-6). Established transliteration; already noted as compatible in the baseline.
Referenced passages