Core Glossary
Core Glossary — Hebrews (English → Indonesian)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, spanning Hebrews chapters 1–13. Terms already recorded in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked [BASELINE] and MUST be reused exactly as recorded there; this glossary does not alter their rendering or risk tier. New terms specific to Hebrews are proposed here for addition to the Language Package (pending Step 2/3 review and versioning of translation_memory.json).
Risk tiers follow the baseline convention: Critical (human theologian review, every occurrence) · High (human theologian review) · Medium (native speaker review) · Low (automated review sufficient).
Section 1 — Baseline Terms Reused Exactly (No Change)
| English term | Indonesian rendering | Risk | Doctrine | Hebrews chapters where it recurs | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | Allah | High | Deity of Christ | 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 | [BASELINE] |
| Jesus | Yesus | Critical | Lordship of Christ | 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 10, 12, 13 | [BASELINE] |
| Lord | Tuhan | High | Lordship of Christ | 1, 2, 7, 8, 13 | [BASELINE] |
| Son of God / Son | Anak Allah | Critical | Sonship of Christ | 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 | [BASELINE] |
| Holy Spirit | Roh Kudus | Critical | Sanctification | 2, 3, 6, 9, 10 | [BASELINE] |
| Father | Bapa | Critical | Adoption into God’s Family | 1, 12 | [BASELINE] |
| Faith | iman | High | Faith of the OT Saints; Perseverance | 3, 4, 6, 10, 11, 12, 13 | [BASELINE]; extended sense in 11:1 requires the added hypostasis/elenchos nuance below |
| Grace | anugerah | High | Grace | 2, 4, 10, 12, 13 | [BASELINE]; never substitute rahmat/pahala |
| Salvation | keselamatan | Critical | Salvation | 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10 | [BASELINE] |
| Sin | dosa | Medium | Universal Human Accountability | 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 | [BASELINE] |
| Covenant | perjanjian | High | New Covenant vs. Old | 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13 | [BASELINE]; wordplay with “will/testament” in 9:16-17 needs a footnote, not a substitute term |
| Law | Hukum Taurat | Medium | Superiority of Christ over Moses | 3, 7, 8, 9, 10 | [BASELINE]; never syariat |
| Called / Calling | yang dipanggil / panggilan | Medium/High | Divine Calling | 3, 5, 9, 11 | [BASELINE] |
| Holy / Saints | kudus / orang-orang kudus | Medium/High | Sanctification; Faith of OT Saints | 2, 3, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13 | [BASELINE]; never wali |
| Sanctification | pengudusan | High | Sanctification | 2, 9, 10, 12, 13 | [BASELINE] |
| Resurrection | kebangkitan | High | Faith of the OT Saints | 6, 11 | [BASELINE] |
| Apostle | rasul | Critical | (background; “apostle… of our confession,” 3:1) | 3 | [BASELINE]; requires theologian note re: closed Islamic prophetic line |
| Prophet | nabi | High | Inspiration of Scripture | 1, 11 | [BASELINE] |
| Israel | Israel | Medium | Faith of the OT Saints | 8, 11 | [BASELINE] |
| David | Daud | Medium | Faith of the OT Saints | 4, 11 | [BASELINE] |
| Moses | Musa | Medium | Superiority of Christ over Moses | 3, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12 | [BASELINE]; also a major Quranic prophet, see risk note in ch. 3 analysis |
| Abraham | Abraham | Medium | Faith of the OT Saints | 2, 6, 7, 11 | [BASELINE established proper-name form] |
| Kingdom of God | Kerajaan Allah | Medium | (background) | 1, 12 | [BASELINE] |
| Church | jemaat | Medium | Church as God’s People | 2, 12 | [BASELINE] |
| Glory | kemuliaan | High | Deity of Christ | 1, 2, 3 | [BASELINE] |
| Election / Providence | pemilihan / pemeliharaan Allah | High/Medium | (background, esp. ch. 9:27 “appointed”) | 9 | [BASELINE]; never takdir |
| Peace | damai sejahtera | Medium | (background, 13:20 “God of peace”) | 13 | [BASELINE] |
| Exhort | menasihati | Low | Perseverance and Assurance | 3, 10, 13 | [BASELINE] |
| Intercession | doa syafaat | Critical | Christ as the Great High Priest | 7, 9 | [BASELINE]; every occurrence needs the standard distinguishing note vs. Islamic shafa’a |
Section 2 — New Terms Specific to Hebrews (Proposed for Language Package Addition)
Critical Risk
| English term | Greek / transliteration | Indonesian rendering | Doctrine | Chapters | Risk reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High priest | ἀρχιερεύς / archiereus | Imam Besar | Christ as the Great High Priest | 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 (core), 10 | ”Imam” is the standing Indonesian/Islamic term for a prayer leader and, in Shi’a usage, the Imamah succession office. Every occurrence needs a note anchoring this to the specific OT mediatorial office Christ fulfills, not a congregational leadership role. |
| Angel | ἄγγελος / angelos | malaikat | Superiority of Christ over Angels | 1, 2, 13 | Belief in angels is one of the six pillars of Islamic iman. The doctrine must clarify this is not a denial of angels’ existence but a claim of Christ’s unique deity, superior to and worshiped by angels — a claim Islamic theology rejects for any creature. |
| Apostasy / falling away | παραπίπτω, ἑκουσίως ἁμαρτάνειν / parapiptō, hekousiōs hamartanein | murtad / jatuh dari iman / dengan sengaja berbuat dosa | The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages | 6, 10 | Murtad is the loaded, legally and socially consequential Indonesian term for religious apostasy (specifically leaving Islam). Requires the most careful pastoral framing of any term in this glossary: describes decisive abandonment of professed faith in Christ, not a change of official registered religious identity, and must never be used to intimidate believers weighing real social cost. |
| Once for all | ἅπαξ / ἐφάπαξ / hapax / ephapax | satu kali untuk selama-lamanya | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 9 (core), 10 | Doctrinal center of the atonement doctrine; must never be softened to imply repeatability, and needs a note distinguishing it from any repeated-ritual framework. |
| Propitiation / atonement | ἱλάσκομαι, ἱλασμός / hilaskomai, hilasmos | mengadakan pendamaian | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice; Christ as the Great High Priest | 2 | Islamic theology has no doctrine of a mediating sacrifice propitiating divine wrath; requires theologian review every occurrence. |
| Putting away of sin | ἀθέτησις ἁμαρτίας / athetēsis hamartias | penghapusan dosa | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 9 (core) | Decisive legal annulment of sin’s guilt, not mere covering or deferral; must contrast explicitly with a deeds-and-mercy judgment framework. |
| Shedding of blood (no forgiveness without) | αἱματεκχυσία / haimatekchysia | pencurahan darah | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 9 (core) | The clearest single statement of blood-atonement’s necessity in the epistle; requires maximal doctrinal precision and explanatory teaching notes. |
| To bear sins (substitutionary) | ἀνενεγκεῖν… ἁμαρτίας / anenegkein… hamartias | memikul dosa | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 9 (core) | Direct doctrinal contrast with Quran 6:164/17:15/35:18 (“no soul bears the burden of another”); requires theologian-reviewed note in every occurrence. |
| Exact representation (of God’s being) | χαρακτήρ / charaktēr | gambaran/cap yang tepat dari wujud Allah | Deity of Christ (background to core doctrines) | 1 | Deity-of-Christ claim on the same order as “Son of God”; requires theologian review. |
| Blood of the eternal covenant | αἷμα διαθήκης αἰωνίου / haima diathēkēs aiōniou | darah perjanjian yang kekal | New Covenant vs. Old; Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 9 (core), 13 | Compound climactic phrase combining three High/Critical terms; must render identically at 9:20, 10:29, 13:20. |
High Risk
| English term | Greek / transliteration | Indonesian rendering | Doctrine | Chapters | Risk reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Priest (general) | ἱερεύς / hiereus | imam | Christ as the Great High Priest | 5, 7, 8 | Same imam-collision risk as “high priest,” at lower doctrinal weight. |
| Priesthood | ἱερωσύνη / hierōsynē | keimaman | Christ as the Great High Priest | 7 | Collision risk as above; abstract-noun form. |
| Mediator | μεσίτης / mesitēs | pengantara | New Covenant vs. Old | 9 (core) | Must be distinguished from Islamic tawassul (intermediary intercession through prophets/saints); Christ is the sole, sufficient mediator. |
| Redemption | λύτρωσις, ἀπολύτρωσις / lytrōsis, apolytrōsis | penebusan | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 9 (core) | No Islamic doctrine of a price paid via a mediator’s blood to secure eternal release from sin’s guilt. |
| Blood (sacrificial/atoning) | αἷμα / haima | darah | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 9 (core), 10, 12, 13 | No Islamic doctrine of substitutionary atoning blood-sacrifice; requires framing every Critical/High-risk occurrence. |
| Better sacrifices | κρείττοσι θυσίαις / kreittosi thysiais | korban-korban yang lebih baik | Superiority arguments throughout | 9 (core) | Comparative-superiority theme central to the book’s structure; must retain comparative force. |
| Dead works | νεκρὰ ἔργα / nekra erga | perbuatan yang mati | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice; Grace vs. works | 9 (core), 6 | Must not be misread as devaluing ethical living itself, only works attempted as a means of standing with God apart from Christ — sensitive given Islamic deeds-weighing soteriology. |
| Judgment | κρίσις / krisis | penghakiman | Warning Passages; Assurance | 9 (core), 10 | Must be distinguished from the Islamic deeds-weighing Day of Judgment; for Christ’s people this judgment is already resolved through his substitutionary work. |
| Appear a second time / second coming | ἐκ δευτέρου ὀφθήσεται / ek deuterou ophthēsetai | akan menampakkan diri untuk kedua kalinya | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice; Perseverance and Assurance | 9 (core) | Distinct from Islamic eschatology’s expectation of Isa’s return to affirm Islam; here Christ returns having already borne sin, to consummate salvation. |
| Without reference to sin / apart from sin | χωρὶς ἁμαρτίας / chōris hamartias | bukan lagi untuk menanggung dosa | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 9 (core) | Ambiguous Greek resolved toward “sin-bearing is finished” to preserve the once-for-all doctrine; flag as an ambiguity-resolution decision. |
| To appear in God’s presence (ongoing intercession) | ἐμφανισθῆναι τῷ προσώπῳ τοῦ Θεοῦ / emphanisthēnai tō prosōpō tou Theou | menghadap hadirat Allah | Access to God through Christ’s Blood; Christ as the Great High Priest | 9 (core) | Present, ongoing mediatorial ministry; must not be conflated with Islamic shafa’a’s future appeal for mercy. |
| Radiance / effulgence (of God’s glory) | ἀπαύγασμα / apaugasma | cahaya kemuliaan Allah | Deity of Christ | 1 | Asserts essential unity with God’s glory, not a created intermediary’s reflected light. |
| Firstborn | πρωτότοκος / prōtotokos | yang sulung | Deity of Christ; Superiority over Angels | 1, 12 | Denotes rank/inheritance, not origin/beginning; must not imply the Son had a beginning. |
| Founder / pioneer | ἀρχηγός / archēgos | Perintis | Christ as the Great High Priest; Faith of the OT Saints | 2, 12 | Distinctive Hebrews Christological title tightly bound to salvation doctrine; must not be read as merely a religious founder among others. |
| Founder and perfecter of faith | ἀρχηγὸς καὶ τελειωτής τῆς πίστεως / archēgos kai teleiōtēs tēs pisteōs | Perintis dan Penyempurna iman kita | Faith of the OT Saints | 12 | Christological capstone combining ch. 2’s title with a new term; requires theologian review. |
| Made perfect (of Christ, vocationally) | τελειόω / teleioō | disempurnakan/dilengkapi sepenuhnya | Christ as the Great High Priest | 5 | Must not imply prior moral imperfection in Christ; vocational/experiential qualification, not moral correction. |
| Assurance / substance (of faith) | ὑπόστασις / hypostasis | dasar yang pasti / wujud nyata | Faith of the OT Saints | 11 | Deepens baseline iman with an objective-ground nuance, preventing iman from being read as bare propositional assent. |
| Confidence / boldness (of access) | παρρησία / parrēsia | keyakinan penuh (untuk menghampiri Allah) | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | 4, 10 | Confidence grounded in a finished work, not the tentative hope of a deeds-weighing judgment. |
| Draw near | προσέρχομαι / proserchomai | menghampiri / mendekat | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | 4, 7, 10, 11, 12 | Load-bearing exhortation verb recurring across the epistle; must render consistently at every occurrence. |
| Willful/deliberate sin | ἑκουσίως ἁμαρτάνειν / hekousiōs hamartanein | dengan sengaja berbuat dosa | The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages | 10 | Same pastoral sensitivity as murtad; deliberate rejection after full knowledge, not casual sin. |
| Shrink back to destruction / preserve the soul | ὑποστολή / περιποίησις ψυχῆς | mengundurkan diri sehingga binasa / beroleh iman sehingga jiwanya diselamatkan | Warning Passages; Salvation | 10 | Connects apostasy-warning and salvation/assurance doctrines; Critical-adjacent given keselamatan. |
| Bearing Christ’s reproach | ὀνειδισμὸν αὐτοῦ φέρωμεν / oneidismon autou pherōmen | menanggung celaan-Nya | The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages | 13 | Pastoral-social sensitivity given real social cost of confessing Christ in Indonesia; handle per baseline evangelism-sensitivity guidance. |
| Guarantee (of the covenant) | ἔγγυος / engyos | penjamin | New Covenant vs. Old; Perseverance and Assurance | 7 | Christ’s own person/life backs the covenant, not a mere notarial guarantee. |
| Permanent / unchangeable priesthood | ἀπαράβατος / aparabatos | kekal, tidak beralih kepada orang lain | Christ as the Great High Priest | 7 | Central superiority argument vs. the repeatedly-vacated Levitical office. |
| Better covenant | κρείττων διαθήκη / kreittōn diathēkē | perjanjian yang lebih baik | New Covenant vs. Old | 8 | Structural thesis of chs. 8-10; must preserve comparative force consistently. |
| I will remember their sins no more | οὐ μὴ μνησθῶ ἔτι | Aku tidak akan mengingat dosa-dosa mereka lagi | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice; New Covenant vs. Old | 8, 10 | Grounds permanence of new-covenant forgiveness; render identically at both occurrences. |
| Laws written on hearts | νόμοι ἐπὶ καρδίας | menaruh hukum-Ku dalam akal budi mereka dan menuliskannya dalam hati mereka | New Covenant vs. Old | 8 | Must render identically to Jeremiah 31:33 OT citation; distinguish from Islamic shari’a external code-compliance. |
| Mercy seat | ἱλαστήριον / hilastērion | tutup pendamaian | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice (background) | 9 | The specific OT atonement-site anticipating the core passage; retain atonement-specific phrase, avoid drift toward rahmat. |
| Holy, innocent, unstained, separated from sinners (of Christ) | ἅγιος, ἄκακος, ἀμίαντος, κεχωρισμένος ἀπὸ τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν | kudus, tak bersalah, tak bercela, terpisah dari orang-orang berdosa | Christ as the Great High Priest | 7 | Foundational to sinlessness-of-Christ and Great-High-Priest doctrines. |
| Cloud of witnesses | νέφος μαρτύρων / nephos martyrōn | kumpulan saksi (yang mengelilingi kita) | Faith of the OT Saints | 12 | Must be distinguished from Sufi wali veneration or petitionary invocation of saints — these are witnesses to faith’s pattern, not intercessors. |
| Fatherly discipline | παιδεία / paideia | hajaran/didikan (sebagai anak) | Perseverance and Assurance; Adoption | 12 | Loving, formative correction connected to the Critical Father/adoption doctrine, not deeds-based punishment. |
| Altar (spiritual) | θυσιαστήριον / thysiastērion | mezbah | Access to God through Christ’s Blood; Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 13 | Metaphorical reference to Christ’s sacrifice; must not read as a literal ritual altar or Islamic qurban feast-altar. |
| Faith of the OT saints’ names as a class (Habel, Henokh, Nuh, Ibrahim/Abraham, Ishak, Yakub, Yusuf, Musa, etc.) | various | established Alkitab TB proper-name forms | Faith of the Old Testament Saints | 11 | These figures are simultaneously major Quranic prophets; every roll-call occurrence needs Christ-fulfillment framing (11:39-40) distinct from the Quranic prophetic-line portrayal. |
| Blood not his own | αἵματι ἀλλοτρίῳ / haimati allotriō | darah yang bukan miliknya sendiri | Christ as the Great High Priest | 9 (core) | Central to the comparative argument that Christ, unlike the Levitical high priest, offers his own life. |
| Sins of many (substitutionary scope) | ἁμαρτίας πολλῶν / hamartias pollōn | dosa banyak orang | The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 9 (core) | Scope language from Isaiah 53; preserve precisely without over/under-restricting relative to source. |
| Eagerly waiting (for Christ’s return) | ἀπεκδεχομένοις / apekdechomenois | yang menantikan Dia dengan penuh pengharapan | Perseverance and Assurance | 9 (core) | Confident hope, not anxious uncertainty about an undetermined deeds-weighing outcome. |
| Confession (of faith/hope) | ὁμολογία / homologia | pengakuan (iman/pengharapan) | The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages | 3, 4, 10 | Public affirmation under real social pressure; handle with baseline evangelism-sensitivity guidance. |
Medium Risk
| English term | Greek / transliteration | Indonesian rendering | Doctrine | Chapters | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tabernacle / tent | σκηνή / skēnē | kemah suci | Christ as the Great High Priest (background) | 8, 9 (core), 9 (context), 11, 13 | Distinguish earthly vs. heavenly referent by context. |
| Melchizedek | Μελχισέδεκ | Melkisedek | Christ as the Great High Priest | 5, 6, 7 | Unfamiliar figure; needs Genesis 14/Psalm 110 footnote. |
| Order (of priesthood) | τάξις / taxis | menurut peraturan/tata cara | Christ as the Great High Priest | 5, 6, 7 | Technical term needing contextual gloss. |
| Without genealogy | ἀγενεαλόγητος / agenealogētos | tanpa keturunan/asal usul (yang tercatat) | Christ as the Great High Priest | 7 | Genealogical-argument term. |
| Rest | κατάπαυσις / katapausis | perhentian | New Covenant vs. Old (background); Warning Passages | 3, 4 | Must not imply works-based “earning” of rest. |
| Sabbath rest | σαββατισμός / sabbatismos | perhentian hari Sabat / peristirahatan Sabat | (background) | 4 | Eschatological, not calendrical/legalistic. |
| Unbelief | ἀπιστία / apistia | ketidakpercayaan | The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages | 3 | Never use a kafir-root term; distinct from the Islamic “infidel” classification. |
| Hardening (of heart) | σκληρύνω / sklērynō | mengeraskan (hati) | Warning Passages | 3 | Standard idiom; low syncretism risk. |
| Living word of God | ζῶν ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ | firman Allah yang hidup | Inspiration of Scripture (background) | 4 | Distinguish from the baseline Critical “Firman yang menjadi manusia” (Incarnation) — different referent (Scripture vs. incarnate Son). |
| Sympathize (Christ with human weakness) | συμπαθέω / sympatheō | turut merasakan/berbelas kasihan | Christ as the Great High Priest | 4 | Grounds humanity-of-Christ doctrine. |
| Promise and oath (double guarantee) | ἐπαγγελία / ὅρκος | janji / sumpah | Perseverance and Assurance | 6 | Preserve the double-guarantee logic. |
| Anchor (of the soul) | ἄγκυρα / agkyra | sauh (bagi jiwa) | Perseverance and Assurance | 6 | Vivid metaphor; brief gloss for inland readers. |
| Curtain / veil | καταπέτασμα / katapetasma | tabir | Access to God through Christ’s Blood | 6, 9 (context), 10 | Barrier opened by Christ; central to Access doctrine. |
| At fault / faulty (of the first covenant’s inadequacy) | μεμπτός / memptos | kesalahan/kekurangan | New Covenant vs. Old | 8 | Must not impugn God’s own righteousness in giving the Law. |
| Tabernacle furnishings (lampstand, table, showbread, altar of incense, ark) | λυχνία, τράπεζα, ἄρτοι τῆς προθέσεως, θυμιατήριον, κιβωτός | kaki dian, meja, roti sajian, mezbah ukupan, tabut perjanjian | Christ as the Great High Priest (background) | 9 (context) | Standard OT-furniture vocabulary. |
| Shadow (of good things to come) | σκιά / skia | bayangan | New Covenant vs. Old | 10 | Not illusory; preparatory and provisional. |
| Vengeance | ἐκδίκησις / ekdikēsis | pembalasan | Warning Passages | 10 | God’s sole prerogative, not license for human retaliation. |
| Endurance | ὑπομονή / hypomonē | ketekunan/kesabaran | Perseverance and Assurance | 10 | Standard perseverance vocabulary. |
| Strangers and exiles | παρεπίδημος / ξένος | orang asing dan pendatang | Faith of the Old Testament Saints | 11 | May resonate with socially marginalized believers. |
| Better resurrection | κρείττων ἀνάστασις | kebangkitan yang lebih baik | Faith of the Old Testament Saints | 11 | Reuses baseline kebangkitan with comparative force. |
| Unshakeable kingdom | ἀσάλευτος βασιλεία | Kerajaan yang tidak tergoncangkan | (background) | 12 | Reuses baseline Kerajaan Allah. |
| Heavenly Jerusalem / assembly of the firstborn | Ἱερουσαλήμ ἐπουρανίῳ / ἐκκλησία πρωτοτόκων | Yerusalem sorgawi / jemaat anak-anak sulung | Church as God’s People (background) | 12 | Reuses baseline jemaat. |
| Great Shepherd of the sheep | ποιμὴν τῶν προβάτων ὁ μέγας | Gembala Besar (atas segala domba) | Christ as the Great High Priest (background) | 13 | Should not compete with local religious-leadership titles (imam, ustadz, kyai); Christ’s shepherding is unique. |
| Equip / well-pleasing | καταρτίζω / εὐάρεστον | melengkapi kamu / berkenan | Grace vs. works (background) | 13 | Read alongside baseline grace to avoid a merit-based reading. |
| Guarantee/inauguration terms (inaugurate/ratify a covenant) | ἐγκαινίζω | diresmikan/disahkan | New Covenant vs. Old | 9 (core) | Standard legal-ratification vocabulary. |
| Copy / pattern / antitype | ὑπόδειγμα, ἀντίτυπα, τῶν ἀληθινῶν | contoh/bayangan, tiruan, hal-hal yang sesungguhnya | New Covenant vs. Old | 9 (core) | Typological-fulfillment vocabulary; needs explanatory gloss. |
| Appointed (unto death/judgment) | ἀπόκειται / apokeitai | telah ditetapkan | Perseverance and Assurance (background) | 9 (core) | Avoid vocabulary resembling takdir (impersonal fate); this is personal divine appointment. |
Low Risk
| English term | Greek / transliteration | Indonesian rendering | Doctrine | Chapters | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unblemished / without blemish | ἄμωμος / amōmos | tak bercacat/tak bercela | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 9 (core) | Ties to Critical sinlessness claim but the word itself is low-risk descriptive vocabulary. |
| Conscience | συνείδησις / syneidēsis | hati nurani | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 9 (core) | Standard, well-understood term. |
| Purify / cleanse | καθαρίζω / katharizō | disucikan/dibersihkan | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 9 (core) | Distinguish from Islamic ritual purification (wudu) by context. |
| Forgiveness | ἄφεσις / aphesis | pengampunan | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 9 (core) | Established Christian term; add distinguishing note only in Critical-risk contexts. |
| Ashes of a heifer / scarlet wool / hyssop | σποδὸς δαμάλεως, ἔριον κόκκινον, ὕσσωπος | abu lembu betina, bulu domba merah tua, hisop | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice (background) | 9 (core) | Requires footnote referencing Numbers 19/Leviticus 14. |
| Sprinkle | ῥαντίζω / rhantizō | memercikkan | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 9 (core) | Standard ritual-descriptive term. |
| Vessels/implements of ministry | σκεύη τῆς λειτουργίας | perlengkapan ibadah | (background) | 9 (core) | Descriptive term. |
| Year by year | κατ’ ἐνιαυτόν | setiap tahun | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 9 (core) | Standard temporal phrase. |
| Foundation of the world | καταβολὴ κόσμου | sejak dunia dijadikan | (background) | 9 (core) | Standard cosmological phrase. |
| Has been manifested | πεφανέρωται / pephanerōtai | telah dinyatakan | Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice | 9 (core) | Standard perfect-tense theological vocabulary. |
| Throne | θρόνος / thronos | takhta | Deity of Christ (background) | 1 | Part of the deity-argument cluster but low-risk word itself. |
| Heir | κληρονόμος / klēronomos | waris/ahli waris | Adoption (background) | 1 | Ties to baseline adoption doctrine. |
| Temptation / tested | πειρασμός, πειράζω | pencobaan | Christ as the Great High Priest | 2 | Standard term shared broadly. |
| House (household of God) | οἶκος / oikos | rumah (Allah) | Superiority of Christ over Moses | 3 | Standard metaphor. |
| Brotherly love / hospitality / love of money | φιλαδελφία, φιλοξενία, φιλαργυρία | kasih persaudaraan, suka memberi tumpangan, cinta uang | (background ethics) | 13 | Standard NT ethical vocabulary. |
| Conviction / evidence | ἔλεγχος / elenchos | bukti | Faith of the Old Testament Saints | 11 | Companion term to hypostasis. |
| Inauguration (of the first covenant) | ἐγκαινίζω | diresmikan | New Covenant vs. Old | 9 (core) | Standard ratification vocabulary. |
| Camp (outside the) | παρεμβολή / parembolē | perkemahan | (background, pairs with High-risk “bear his reproach”) | 13 | Historical/geographic term itself is low risk. |
Section 3 — Cross-Reference Consistency Requirements
The following phrases must render identically at every occurrence across the whole curriculum, per the Theological Consistency Rules established in the baseline 12_ai_translation_requirements.md:
| Phrase | Occurrences | Required consistent rendering |
|---|---|---|
| ”Blood of the covenant” | Hebrews 9:20; 10:29; 13:20 (cf. Exodus 24:8; Matthew 26:28) | darah perjanjian |
| ”Once for all” | Hebrews 9:12, 26, 27, 28; 10:10 | satu kali untuk selama-lamanya |
| ”I will remember their sins no more” | Hebrews 8:12; 10:17 (quoting Jeremiah 31:34) | Aku tidak akan mengingat dosa-dosa mereka lagi |
| ”Laws on hearts” (Jeremiah 31:33 quotation) | Hebrews 8:10; 10:16 | menaruh hukum-Ku dalam akal budi mereka dan menuliskannya dalam hati mereka |
| ”Let us draw near” | Hebrews 4:16; 7:25; 10:1, 22; 11:6; 12:18, 22 | menghampiri / mendekat (consistent verb choice) |
| “Better [covenant/promises/sacrifices/resurrection]” comparative theme | Hebrews 1:4; 7:7, 19, 22; 8:6; 9:23; 10:34; 11:16, 35, 40; 12:24 | lebih baik (retain comparative force in every instance) |
Section 4 — Full-Book Coverage Confirmation
Load-bearing terms have been documented from every chapter of Hebrews: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 (context vv.1-10 and core passage vv.11-28), 10, 11, 12, and 13. No chapter contributed zero new vocabulary; each chapter’s distinctive contribution is represented in Sections 1–2 above, cross-referenced to 07_semantic_analysis.md for full field-by-field detail.
Critical Risk Terms
Jesus
Approved rendering: Yesus
Transliteration: yesus
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: Nabi Isa
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. In Hebrews, Yesus tasted death for everyone (2:9), was made perfect through suffering (2:10), and entered heaven itself as forerunner (6:20) — historical events denied by mainstream Islamic teaching (Quran 4:157).
Son Of God
Approved rendering: Anak Allah
Transliteration: anak allah
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ / ὁ υἱός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 1:2-6, 5:5, 5:8, 7:3 build the epistle’s entire opening argument on this title; every occurrence needs the standard theologian-reviewed note distinguishing eternal relational Sonship from physical procreation, which the Quran explicitly denies of Allah (Surah Al-Ikhlas).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Roh Kudus
Transliteration: roh kudus
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον / τὸ Πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. In Hebrews the Spirit speaks through Scripture (3:7, 9:8, 10:15) and empowered Christ’s self-offering (9:14); every occurrence needs the standard note distinguishing this from the Islamic Ruh al-Qudus, generally identified with the angel Gabriel.
Father
Approved rendering: Bapa
Transliteration: bapa
Doctrine: Fatherly Discipline and the Sonship of Believers
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. In Hebrews 12:5-11 God’s fatherhood grounds his loving discipline of believers as sons; every occurrence needs the standard note that this is relational/adoptive language, not a claim about physical parentage.
Salvation
Approved rendering: keselamatan
Transliteration: keselamatan
Doctrine: Salvation
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 1:14, 2:3, 2:10, 5:9, 9:28 all require the standard note distinguishing keselamatan, secured once through Christ’s finished sacrifice, from Islamic soteriology’s deeds-and-mercy judgment framework.
Apostle
Approved rendering: Rasul
Transliteration: rasul
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package (baseline High risk); ELEVATED TO CRITICAL in this book. Hebrews 3:1 applies ‘Apostle’ directly to Christ himself, uniquely in the NT, intensifying the collision with the Islamic doctrine of a closed line of messenger-prophets culminating in Muhammad. Requires the most explicit theologian-reviewed note of the curriculum at 3:1.
Intercession
Approved rendering: doa syafaat
Transliteration: doa syafaat
Doctrine: Mediatorial Intercession of Christ
Original: ἐντυγχάνω (cf. Hebrews 7:25)
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package (baseline already Critical); reaffirmed Critical in this book. Hebrews 7:25 (‘he always lives to make intercession’) and 9:24 make Christ’s intercession a present, ongoing, finished-work-grounded ministry; requires the standard note distinguishing it from Islamic shafa’a (Muhammad’s future intercession) in every occurrence.
High Priest
Approved rendering: Imam Besar
Transliteration: imam besar
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Rejected alternatives: ustadz, kyai
Original: ἀρχιερεύς
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. The epistle’s central, most-repeated Christological title (2:17-3:1; 4:14-16; 5:1-10; 6:20; 7:26-28; 8:1; 9:11-25). ‘Imam’ collides with the Sunni congregational prayer-leader role and the Shi’a Imamah succession title; every occurrence must anchor to the specific OT/Levitical mediatorial office Christ fulfills and supersedes, never a congregational-leadership reading.
Angel
Approved rendering: malaikat
Transliteration: malaikat
Doctrine: The Superiority of Christ over Angels
Original: ἄγγελος
Category: Christology
New to Hebrews. Belief in malaikat is one of the six pillars of Islamic iman. Hebrews 1:4-14 argues the Son is worshiped by angels and shares God’s own throne — a full-deity claim Islamic theology categorically rejects for any creature. Must be taught as a claim about Christ’s uniqueness, not a denial of angels’ existence.
Apostasy
Approved rendering: murtad
Transliteration: murtad
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Original: παραπίπτω
Category: Warning Passages
New to Hebrews. Murtad carries severe real-world legal and social consequences specifically tied to leaving Islam (civil, family, inheritance law; blasphemy-adjacent statutes in some regions). Hebrews 6:4-6 and 10:26-31 describe internal, decisive abandonment of professed faith in Christ after full exposure — distinct from official agama registration change — and must never be applied punitively or used to intimidate believers weighing real social cost.
Once For All
Approved rendering: satu kali untuk selama-lamanya
Transliteration: satu kali untuk selama-lamanya
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Rejected alternatives: sekali lagi
Original: ἅπαξ / ἐφάπαξ
Category: Salvation
New to Hebrews. The defining doctrinal claim of 9:12, 26-28; 10:10. Must never be softened to imply repeatability; requires a translator note distinguishing this from any framework, popular-religious or otherwise, implying ongoing sacrificial repetition is needed.
Propitiation
Approved rendering: mengadakan pendamaian
Transliteration: mengadakan pendamaian
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: ἱλάσκομαι / ἱλασμός
Category: Salvation
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 2:17 introduces the priestly/atonement theme fully developed in chs. 9-10. Islamic theology has no doctrine of a mediating sacrifice that propitiates divine wrath; forgiveness flows directly from Allah’s rahmat without a sacrificial intermediary.
Putting Away Of Sin
Approved rendering: penghapusan dosa
Transliteration: penghapusan dosa
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Rejected alternatives: menutupi dosa
Original: ἀθέτησις [τῆς] ἁμαρτίας
Category: Salvation
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:26. Must not be rendered as merely ‘covering’ sin or reduced to a request for mercy; this is a decisive, forensic annulment accomplished once, requiring explicit contrast with a deeds-and-mercy judgment framework in teaching contexts.
Shedding Of Blood
Approved rendering: pencurahan darah
Transliteration: pencurahan darah
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: αἱματεκχυσία
Category: Salvation
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:22, ‘without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness of sins’ — the clearest single statement of blood-atonement’s necessity; requires an explanatory teaching note addressing why this differs categorically from Islamic soteriology’s mercy-plus-deeds framework.
Bear Sins
Approved rendering: memikul dosa
Transliteration: memikul dosa
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: ἀνενεγκεῖν… ἁμαρτίας
Category: Salvation
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:28, echoing Isaiah 53:12. Direct doctrinal contrast with Quran 6:164, 17:15, 35:18 (‘no soul bears the burden of another’); requires a theologian-reviewed note explaining this specific and deliberate point of contrast in every occurrence.
Exact Representation
Approved rendering: gambaran/cap yang tepat dari wujud Allah
Transliteration: gambaran/cap yang tepat dari wujud allah
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: karakter
Original: χαρακτήρ
Category: Christology
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 1:3, charaktēr. A deity-of-Christ claim on the same order as Anak Allah; asserts the Son perfectly and essentially represents God’s own being, directly colliding with tawhid and shirk. ‘Karakter’ is rejected as a false friend (means personality trait in ordinary Indonesian usage).
Blood Of Eternal Covenant
Approved rendering: darah perjanjian yang kekal
Transliteration: darah perjanjian yang kekal
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: αἷμα διαθήκης αἰωνίου
Category: Covenant
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 13:20, echoed at 9:20 and 10:29. A compound climactic phrase combining darah (High), perjanjian (High), and kekal into the epistle’s theological thesis; must render identically at every occurrence.
Blood Of Covenant
Approved rendering: darah perjanjian
Transliteration: darah perjanjian
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
New to Hebrews. Cross-reference phrase occurring at 9:20, 10:29, 13:20 (cf. Exodus 24:8; Matthew 26:28); must render identically at every occurrence per the epistle’s theological-consistency requirements.
High Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: Allah
Transliteration: allah
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. In Hebrews, God has spoken finally through the Son (1:1-2) and before whom Christ ministers as Great High Priest; the risk lies in surrounding vocabulary (rasul, nabi, imam, syafaat), not in Allah itself.
Lord
Approved rendering: Tuhan
Transliteration: tuhan
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Applied to Christ at Hebrews 1:10, 2:3, 7:14, 13:20; context must retain exclusive divine Lordship, not a generic honorific.
Faith
Approved rendering: iman
Transliteration: iman
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 11’s programmatic definition (hypostasis/elenchos, 11:1) and the warning passages (3:12-19; 4:2) extend this term; must anchor iman to personal, sustained trust in God’s specific promise, not bare propositional assent shared with the Islamic six pillars.
Grace
Approved rendering: anugerah
Transliteration: anugerah
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: rahmat, pahala
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 4:16 (‘throne of grace’) and 12:15 both require anugerah, never rahmat or pahala, preserving the gift-apart-from-merit sense against the epistle’s dead-works/grace contrast.
Covenant
Approved rendering: perjanjian
Transliteration: perjanjian
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Central structural term of Hebrews 7-10, 12-13; the wordplay with ‘will/testament’ in 9:16-17 cannot be reproduced directly (perjanjian vs. wasiat) and requires an explanatory footnote rather than a substitute term.
Calling
Approved rendering: panggilan
Transliteration: panggilan
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Background to Hebrews’ calling/election language (3:1, ‘heavenly calling’).
Sanctification
Approved rendering: pengudusan
Transliteration: pengudusan
Doctrine: Sanctification
Original: ἁγιασμός / ἁγιάζω
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 9:13-14 contrasts the old system’s merely ceremonial ‘sanctifying’ with 10:10, 10:14’s fuller moral sanctification accomplished once by Christ’s offering; context must clarify which sense is active.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: kebangkitan
Transliteration: kebangkitan
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and of Believers
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 6:2, 11:35, 13:20; must never be rendered with reincarnation/rebirth vocabulary and must distinguish Christ’s specific historical resurrection from Islam’s denial of the crucifixion (Quran 4:157).
Prophet
Approved rendering: nabi
Transliteration: nabi
Doctrine: Inspiration and Living Authority of Scripture
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 1:1 (‘God spoke to our fathers by the prophets’) and 11:32; the 1:1-2 contrast (prophets, then finally the Son) must be anchored to this specific redemptive-historical progression, not read as competing with or extending the Islamic prophetic line.
Glory
Approved rendering: kemuliaan
Transliteration: kemuliaan
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 1:3 (‘radiance of the glory of God’) and 2:9-10 (Christ ‘crowned with glory and honor’); part of the deity-of-Christ argument cluster.
Election
Approved rendering: pemilihan
Transliteration: pemilihan
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: takdir
Original: ἐκλογή (concept; cf. κεκλημένοι, 9:15)
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Background to Hebrews 9:15’s ‘those who are called’; never rendered with takdir.
Abba
Approved rendering: Abba
Transliteration: abba
Doctrine: Fatherly Discipline and the Sonship of Believers
Inherited from Romans package. Retained transliteration alongside Bapa to convey filial closeness, relevant to Hebrews 12’s discussion of believers’ sonship and God’s fatherly discipline.
Priest
Approved rendering: imam
Transliteration: imam
Doctrine: The Superiority of Christ over the Levitical Priesthood
Original: ἱερεύς
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 5:6, 7:1-3, 7:14-15, 8:4. Same imam-collision risk as high_priest at lower doctrinal weight; requires contextual anchoring to the OT sacrificial office, not a generic religious-leader title.
Priesthood
Approved rendering: keimaman
Transliteration: keimaman
Doctrine: The Superiority of Christ over the Levitical Priesthood
Original: ἱερωσύνη
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 7:11-12, 7:24. Abstract-noun form of the same imam-root collision risk; central to the argument for a change of priestly order.
Mediator
Approved rendering: pengantara
Transliteration: pengantara
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Rejected alternatives: penghubung
Original: μεσίτης
Category: Covenant
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 8:6, 9:15, 12:24. Must be distinguished from Islamic tawassul (seeking intermediary intercession through prophets or saints); Christ is not one intercessor among several but the sole, sufficient mediator whose death itself effects the covenant.
Redemption
Approved rendering: penebusan
Transliteration: penebusan
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: λύτρωσις / ἀπολύτρωσις
Category: Salvation
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:12, 9:15. No Islamic doctrine of a price paid via a mediator’s blood to secure eternal release from sin’s guilt; requires explicit framing in every occurrence.
Blood
Approved rendering: darah
Transliteration: darah
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: αἷμα
Category: Salvation
New to Hebrews. Central vocabulary of Hebrews 9-10, 12-13. Islamic theology has no doctrine of substitutionary atoning blood-sacrifice; every occurrence needs framing that Christ’s blood accomplishes actual removal of sin’s guilt, not ritual commemoration.
Better Sacrifices
Approved rendering: korban-korban yang lebih baik
Transliteration: korban-korban yang lebih baik
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: κρείττοσι θυσίαις
Category: Salvation
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:23. Part of the comparative-superiority theme structuring the whole epistle; must retain comparative force (‘better than’), not merely ‘good.‘
Dead Works
Approved rendering: perbuatan yang mati
Transliteration: perbuatan yang mati
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: νεκρὰ ἔργα
Category: Salvation
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 6:1, 9:14. Must be distinguished from a general critique of good deeds, since Islamic soteriology weighs deeds (amal) at judgment; this phrase targets works attempted as a means of standing with God apart from Christ, not ethical living itself.
Judgment
Approved rendering: penghakiman
Transliteration: penghakiman
Doctrine: Judgment and Eschatological Hope
Original: κρίσις
Category: Eschatology
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:27, 10:27. Must be distinguished from the Islamic Yaum al-Din (deeds-weighing Day of Judgment); for those trusting Christ, judgment for sin is already resolved through his substitutionary work.
Second Coming
Approved rendering: akan menampakkan diri untuk kedua kalinya
Transliteration: akan menampakkan diri untuk kedua kalinya
Doctrine: Judgment and Eschatological Hope
Original: ἐκ δευτέρου… ὀφθήσεται
Category: Eschatology
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:28. Distinct from mainstream Islamic eschatology’s expectation of Isa’s return to affirm Islam and defeat the Antichrist; here Christ returns having already borne sin, to consummate salvation, not to settle an outstanding matter.
Without Reference To Sin
Approved rendering: bukan lagi untuk menanggung dosa
Transliteration: bukan lagi untuk menanggung dosa
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: χωρὶς ἁμαρτίας
Category: Salvation
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:28. Ambiguous Greek resolved toward ‘sin-bearing is finished’ to preserve the once-for-all doctrine; flagged as an ambiguity-resolution decision requiring review.
Appear In Gods Presence
Approved rendering: menghadap hadirat Allah
Transliteration: menghadap hadirat allah
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Original: ἐμφανισθῆναι τῷ προσώπῳ τοῦ Θεοῦ
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:24. Must not be conflated with the Islamic doctrine of shafa’a, a future appeal for mercy at judgment; Christ’s appearing ‘on our behalf’ is a present, ongoing ministry grounded in a finished sacrifice.
Radiance Of Glory
Approved rendering: cahaya kemuliaan Allah
Transliteration: cahaya kemuliaan allah
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: ἀπαύγασμα
Category: Christology
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 1:3, apaugasma. Asserts the Son’s essential unity with the Father’s glory — he does not merely reflect God’s glory but is its very outshining; must not be softened into a created-intermediary’s reflected light.
Firstborn
Approved rendering: yang sulung
Transliteration: yang sulung
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: πρωτότοκος
Category: Christology
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 1:6, 12:23. Requires a contextual note that ‘firstborn’ denotes rank and inheritance, not the beginning of the Son’s existence, so the clarification itself does not reinforce rather than answer the Quranic denial of divine sonship.
Founder Pioneer
Approved rendering: Perintis
Transliteration: perintis
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Rejected alternatives: pendiri, pelopor
Original: ἀρχηγός
Category: Christology
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 2:10, 12:2. A distinctive Hebrews Christological title tightly bound to the Critical salvation doctrine; must not be read as merely a founder/leader among other religious founders.
Founder And Perfecter Of Faith
Approved rendering: Perintis dan Penyempurna iman kita
Transliteration: perintis dan penyempurna iman kita
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Original: ἀρχηγὸς καὶ τελειωτής τῆς πίστεως
Category: Faith
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 12:2. Christological capstone of the Faith of the OT Saints doctrine, combining archēgos with teleiōtēs and the baseline High-risk term iman; requires theologian review.
Made Perfect
Approved rendering: disempurnakan/dilengkapi sepenuhnya
Transliteration: disempurnakan/dilengkapi sepenuhnya
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Original: τελειόω
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 5:9, 2:10. Must be carefully framed to avoid implying Christ’s prior moral imperfection; vocational/experiential completion for his priestly office, not moral correction.
Assurance Substance
Approved rendering: dasar yang pasti/wujud nyata
Transliteration: dasar yang pasti/wujud nyata
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Original: ὑπόστασις
Category: Faith
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 11:1, hypostasis. Deepens the baseline High-risk iman with an objective-ground nuance, preventing iman from being read as bare propositional assent.
Confidence Boldness
Approved rendering: keyakinan penuh (untuk menghampiri Allah)
Transliteration: keyakinan penuh (untuk menghampiri allah)
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: παρρησία
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 4:16, 10:19, 10:35. Central to the Access doctrine; must convey confidence grounded in a finished, accomplished work, not the tentative hope proper to a deeds-weighing judgment.
Draw Near
Approved rendering: menghampiri / mendekat
Transliteration: menghampiri / mendekat
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: προσέρχομαι
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Load-bearing exhortation verb at 4:16, 7:25, 10:1, 10:22, 11:6, 12:18, 12:22; must render consistently at every occurrence per the Access doctrine.
Willful Sin
Approved rendering: dengan sengaja berbuat dosa
Transliteration: dengan sengaja berbuat dosa
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Original: ἑκουσίως ἁμαρτάνειν
Category: Warning Passages
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 10:26. Requires the same careful pastoral framing as murtad — deliberate, willful rejection of Christ after full knowledge, not casual or occasional sin.
Shrink Back Preserve Soul
Approved rendering: mengundurkan diri sehingga binasa / beroleh iman sehingga jiwanya diselamatkan
Transliteration: mengundurkan diri sehingga binasa / beroleh iman sehingga jiwanya diselamatkan
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Original: ὑποστολή / περιποίησις ψυχῆς
Category: Warning Passages
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 10:39. Connects the apostasy-warning doctrine directly to salvation/assurance; Critical-adjacent given the presence of keselamatan.
Bearing Reproach
Approved rendering: menanggung celaan-Nya
Transliteration: menanggung celaan-nya
Doctrine: Bearing Christ’s Reproach
Original: ὀνειδισμὸν αὐτοῦ φέρωμεν
Category: Warning Passages
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 13:13. Pastoral-social sensitivity given the real legal/social cost of conversion in Indonesia; handle per baseline evangelism-sensitivity guidance, never framing conversion as inducement.
Guarantee Covenant
Approved rendering: penjamin
Transliteration: penjamin
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: ἔγγυος
Category: Covenant
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 7:22. Christ’s own person and life back the covenant’s reliability, not a merely notarial/contractual guarantee; ties to the Assurance doctrine.
Permanent Priesthood
Approved rendering: kekal, tidak beralih kepada orang lain
Transliteration: kekal, tidak beralih kepada orang lain
Doctrine: The Superiority of Christ over the Levitical Priesthood
Original: ἀπαράβατος
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 7:24. Because Christ lives forever, his priesthood is permanent and non-transferable, unlike the repeatedly vacated Levitical office.
Better Covenant
Approved rendering: perjanjian yang lebih baik
Transliteration: perjanjian yang lebih baik
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: κρείττων διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 8:6. Structural thesis of chapters 8-10; must preserve the comparative-superiority force consistently across all ‘better’ language in the epistle.
Remember Sins No More
Approved rendering: Aku tidak akan mengingat dosa-dosa mereka lagi
Transliteration: aku tidak akan mengingat dosa-dosa mereka lagi
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: οὐ μὴ μνησθῶ ἔτι
Category: Covenant
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 8:12, 10:17, quoting Jeremiah 31:34. Must render identically at both occurrences for cross-reference consistency.
Laws On Hearts
Approved rendering: menaruh hukum-Ku dalam akal budi mereka dan menuliskannya dalam hati mereka
Transliteration: menaruh hukum-ku dalam akal budi mereka dan menuliskannya dalam hati mereka
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: νόμοι ἐπὶ καρδίας
Category: Covenant
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 8:10, 10:16. Must render identically to the established Jeremiah 31:33 OT citation, and must be distinguished from Islamic shari’a (external legal-code compliance).
Mercy Seat
Approved rendering: tutup pendamaian
Transliteration: tutup pendamaian
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Rejected alternatives: tempat rahmat
Original: ἱλαστήριον
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:5. Directly anticipates the core passage’s atonement doctrine; retain the atonement-specific phrase rather than a generic ‘place of rahmat.‘
Holy Innocent Unstained
Approved rendering: kudus, tak bersalah, tak bercela, terpisah dari orang-orang berdosa
Transliteration: kudus, tak bersalah, tak bercela, terpisah dari orang-orang berdosa
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Original: ἅγιος, ἄκακος, ἀμίαντος, κεχωρισμένος ἀπὸ τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 7:26. Foundational to both the sinlessness-of-Christ and Great-High-Priest doctrines; requires theologian review.
Cloud Of Witnesses
Approved rendering: kumpulan saksi (yang mengelilingi kita)
Transliteration: kumpulan saksi (yang mengelilingi kita)
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Rejected alternatives: wali
Original: νέφος μαρτύρων
Category: Church
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 12:1. Requires a clarifying note distinguishing this from Sufi wali veneration or petitionary invocation of departed saints; these are witnesses to faith’s pattern, not intercessors.
Fatherly Discipline
Approved rendering: hajaran/didikan (sebagai anak)
Transliteration: hajaran/didikan (sebagai anak)
Doctrine: Fatherly Discipline and the Sonship of Believers
Original: παιδεία
Category: God
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 12:5-11. Applies parent-child language to God’s relationship with ordinary believers; must be framed as loving, formative, adoptive discipline, not physical parentage.
Altar
Approved rendering: mezbah
Transliteration: mezbah
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: θυσιαστήριον
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 13:10. Metaphorical reference to Christ’s sacrifice; must not read as a literal ritual altar or the Islamic qurban sacrificial feast.
Faith Of Ot Saints Names
Approved rendering: established Alkitab TB proper-name forms (Habel, Henokh, Nuh, Abraham, Ishak, Yakub, Yusuf, Musa, dll.)
Transliteration: habel, henokh, nuh, abraham, ishak, yakub, yusuf, musa
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Original: Ἄβελ, Ἐνώχ, Νῶε, Ἀβραάμ, Ἰσαάκ, Ἰακώβ, Ἰωσήφ, Μωϋσῆς, κ.τ.λ.
Category: Faith
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 11:1-40, esp. 11:39-40. Nuh, Ibrahim, Ishak, Yakub, Yusuf, and Musa are simultaneously major Quranic prophetic figures; every occurrence needs Christ-fulfillment framing distinct from the Quranic prophetic-line portrayal.
Blood Not His Own
Approved rendering: darah yang bukan miliknya sendiri
Transliteration: darah yang bukan miliknya sendiri
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Original: αἵματι ἀλλοτρίῳ
Category: Salvation
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:25. Central to the comparative argument that Christ, unlike the Levitical high priest, offers his own life rather than a substitute’s.
Sins Of Many
Approved rendering: dosa banyak orang
Transliteration: dosa banyak orang
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: ἁμαρτίας πολλῶν
Category: Salvation
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:28. Scope language from Isaiah 53; preserve precisely without over- or under-restricting relative to the source.
Eagerly Waiting
Approved rendering: yang menantikan Dia dengan penuh pengharapan
Transliteration: yang menantikan dia dengan penuh pengharapan
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: ἀπεκδεχομένοις
Category: Eschatology
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:28. Must carry confident hope, not anxious uncertainty about a still-undetermined, deeds-weighing outcome.
Confession
Approved rendering: pengakuan (iman/pengharapan)
Transliteration: pengakuan (iman/pengharapan)
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Original: ὁμολογία
Category: Warning Passages
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 3:1, 4:14, 10:23. Public affirmation of faith under real social pressure; handle with baseline evangelism-sensitivity guidance.
Moses
Approved rendering: Musa
Transliteration: musa
Doctrine: The Superiority of Christ over Angels, Moses, and the Levitical Priesthood
Original: Μωϋσῆς
Category: Covenant
New to Hebrews (not present in baseline Romans TM). Musa is a major Quranic prophet (Nabi Musa); the Hebrews 3 and 8-9 argument for Christ’s superiority as covenant mediator (faithful servant vs. faithful Son over the house) needs explicit anchoring to this specific textual comparison, never left to be read as ranking within the Islamic prophetic line.
Medium Risk Terms
Sin
Approved rendering: dosa
Transliteration: dosa
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. Pervasive throughout Hebrews 2-13; must be anchored to relational offense against a personal God, addressed decisively by Christ’s sacrifice, not a purely legal infraction weighed against merit.
Law
Approved rendering: Hukum Taurat
Transliteration: hukum taurat
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Rejected alternatives: syariat
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 7-10 repeatedly contrasts the Law’s shadow with Christ’s substance; never render as syariat, which names Islamic religious law specifically.
Called
Approved rendering: yang dipanggil
Transliteration: yang dipanggil
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Original: κλητός / κεκλημένοι
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 9:15 (‘those who are called’) identifies recipients of the eternal inheritance under the new covenant.
Holy
Approved rendering: kudus
Transliteration: kudus
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: suci
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 7:26 describes Christ himself as holy; 12:14 exhorts believers toward holiness without which no one will see the Lord.
Saints
Approved rendering: orang-orang kudus
Transliteration: orang-orang kudus
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Rejected alternatives: wali
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Relevant to Hebrews 11’s roll call and 12’s ‘cloud of witnesses’ — exemplars of faith, not a venerated intercessory elite comparable to wali.
Israel
Approved rendering: Israel
Transliteration: israel
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 8:8-10 (Jeremiah 31 quotation) and 11:22.
David
Approved rendering: Daud
Transliteration: daud
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 4:7 (Psalm quotation), 11:32.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: Kerajaan Allah
Transliteration: kerajaan allah
Doctrine: The Unshakeable Kingdom
Original: βασιλεία
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 1:8 (the Son’s throne/kingdom) and 12:28 (‘a kingdom that cannot be shaken’); distinguish from a political, territorial kingdom.
Church
Approved rendering: jemaat
Transliteration: jemaat
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: gereja
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 2:12 (quoting Psalm 22) and 12:23 (‘assembly of the firstborn’); distinguish from a building or one more registered religious organization.
Providence
Approved rendering: pemeliharaan Allah
Transliteration: pemeliharaan allah
Doctrine: Judgment and Eschatological Hope
Rejected alternatives: takdir
Original: πρόνοια (concept; cf. ἀπόκειται, 9:27)
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 9:27’s ‘it is appointed for man to die once’ must avoid vocabulary resembling takdir; this is a personal God’s fixed, sovereign ordering.
Peace
Approved rendering: damai sejahtera
Transliteration: damai sejahtera
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 13:20 (‘God of peace’) closes the epistle’s benediction.
Priestly Order
Approved rendering: menurut peraturan/tata cara (Melkisedek)
Transliteration: menurut peraturan/tata cara (melkisedek)
Doctrine: The Priesthood of Melchizedek
Original: τάξις
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 5:6, 5:10, 7:11, 7:17. Technical term requiring contextual explanation.
Without Genealogy
Approved rendering: tanpa keturunan/asal usul (yang tercatat)
Transliteration: tanpa keturunan/asal usul (yang tercatat)
Doctrine: The Priesthood of Melchizedek
Original: ἀγενεαλόγητος
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 7:3. Technical genealogical-argument term requiring a footnote for clarity; this is an argument from silence in the genealogical record, not a claim about ontological origin.
Abraham
Approved rendering: Abraham
Transliteration: abraham
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Original: Ἀβραάμ
Category: Covenant
New to Hebrews (not present in baseline Romans TM). Central to Hebrews 6:13-15 (promise and oath), 7:1-10 (Melchizedek), 11:8-19 (faith); Ibrahim is a major Quranic prophetic figure, so the fulfillment-in-Christ framing of ch. 11 needs explicit teaching support.
Tabernacle
Approved rendering: kemah suci
Transliteration: kemah suci
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Original: σκηνή
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 8:2, 9:1-11, 9:21, 11:9, 13:10. Distinguish the earthly Mosaic tabernacle from the ‘greater and more perfect’ heavenly tabernacle by context.
Melchizedek
Approved rendering: Melkisedek
Transliteration: melkisedek
Doctrine: The Priesthood of Melchizedek
Original: Μελχισέδεκ
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 5:6, 5:10, 6:20, 7:1-22. Unfamiliar figure requiring an explanatory footnote (Genesis 14; Psalm 110); low direct Islamic-collision risk, though the priest-king ‘without genealogy’ concept needs clear teaching support.
Rest
Approved rendering: perhentian
Transliteration: perhentian
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Original: κατάπαυσις
Category: Warning Passages
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 3:11, 3:18, 4:1-11. Must not imply a legalistic, works-based notion of ‘earning’ rest.
Sabbath Rest
Approved rendering: perhentian hari Sabat
Transliteration: perhentian hari sabat
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Original: σαββατισμός
Category: Warning Passages
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 4:9. Eschatological, not calendrical; distinguish from legalistic Jewish Sabbath-observance and from the Islamic weekly-worship-day framework (Friday communal prayer).
Unbelief
Approved rendering: ketidakpercayaan
Transliteration: ketidakpercayaan
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Rejected alternatives: kafir
Original: ἀπιστία
Category: Warning Passages
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 3:12, 3:19. Must be rendered from the baseline iman/percaya family and must NOT use any kafir-root term; a believer’s failure of ongoing trust is a different category from the Islamic classification of ‘infidel.‘
Hardening Of Heart
Approved rendering: mengeraskan (hati)
Transliteration: mengeraskan (hati)
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Original: σκληρύνω
Category: Warning Passages
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 3:8, 3:13, 3:15. Standard idiomatic phrase in Indonesian; low syncretism risk.
Living Word Of God
Approved rendering: firman Allah yang hidup
Transliteration: firman allah yang hidup
Doctrine: Inspiration and Living Authority of Scripture
Original: ζῶν ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ
Category: Covenant
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 4:12. Must not be conflated with the baseline Critical term ‘Firman yang menjadi manusia’ (Incarnation); here the referent is Scripture’s active power, not the incarnate Son.
Sympathize
Approved rendering: turut merasakan/berbelas kasihan
Transliteration: turut merasakan/berbelas kasihan
Doctrine: Humanity of Christ
Original: συμπαθέω
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 4:15. Grounds the humanity-of-Christ doctrine — the great high priest genuinely shares in human weakness.
Promise And Oath
Approved rendering: janji / sumpah
Transliteration: janji / sumpah
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: ἐπαγγελία / ὅρκος
Category: Covenant
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 6:13-17. Must preserve the double-guarantee logic (promise plus oath), grounding the Perseverance and Assurance doctrine.
Anchor
Approved rendering: sauh (bagi jiwa)
Transliteration: sauh (bagi jiwa)
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: ἄγκυρα
Category: Warning Passages
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 6:19. Vivid metaphor with minimal syncretism risk; may need a brief gloss for inland/non-coastal Indonesian readers.
Curtain Veil
Approved rendering: tabir
Transliteration: tabir
Doctrine: Access to God through Christ’s Blood
Original: καταπέτασμα
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 6:19, 9:3, 10:20. Barrier opened by Christ; central to the Access doctrine.
Covenant Fault
Approved rendering: kesalahan/kekurangan
Transliteration: kesalahan/kekurangan
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: μεμπτός
Category: Covenant
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 8:8. Must not be misread as impugning God’s own righteousness in giving the Mosaic Law; the fault lies in the people’s failure and the covenant’s inability to change hearts.
Tabernacle Furnishings
Approved rendering: kaki dian, meja, roti sajian, mezbah pembakaran ukupan, tabut perjanjian
Transliteration: kaki dian, meja, roti sajian, mezbah pembakaran ukupan, tabut perjanjian
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Original: λυχνία, τράπεζα, ἄρτοι τῆς προθέσεως, θυμιατήριον, κιβωτός
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:2-5. Standard OT-furniture vocabulary establishing the reality of the type Christ’s heavenly ministry fulfills and surpasses.
Shadow
Approved rendering: bayangan
Transliteration: bayangan
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: σκιά
Category: Covenant
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 10:1. Must not be read as implying the Mosaic Law was illusory or worthless, only preparatory and provisional.
Vengeance
Approved rendering: pembalasan
Transliteration: pembalasan
Doctrine: The Danger of Apostasy and Warning Passages
Original: ἐκδίκησις
Category: Warning Passages
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 10:30. Must be clearly attributed to God’s own prerogative, not license for human retaliation — pastorally important in interfaith contexts.
Endurance
Approved rendering: ketekunan/kesabaran
Transliteration: ketekunan/kesabaran
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: ὑπομονή
Category: Warning Passages
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 10:36. Standard perseverance vocabulary, developed further in ch. 12.
Strangers And Exiles
Approved rendering: orang asing dan pendatang
Transliteration: orang asing dan pendatang
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Original: παρεπίδημος / ξένος
Category: Faith
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 11:13. May resonate pastorally with believers who experience social marginalization for their faith in an Indonesian context.
Better Resurrection
Approved rendering: kebangkitan yang lebih baik
Transliteration: kebangkitan yang lebih baik
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Original: κρείττων ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 11:35. Reuses the baseline High-risk kebangkitan with the epistle’s comparative-superiority framing.
Unshakeable Kingdom
Approved rendering: Kerajaan yang tidak tergoncangkan
Transliteration: kerajaan yang tidak tergoncangkan
Doctrine: The Unshakeable Kingdom
Original: ἀσάλευτος βασιλεία
Category: Kingdom
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 12:28. Reuses baseline Kerajaan Allah rendering; contrasts the terrifying, temporary Sinai theophany with the permanent kingdom believers are receiving.
Heavenly Jerusalem
Approved rendering: Yerusalem sorgawi / jemaat anak-anak sulung
Transliteration: yerusalem sorgawi / jemaat anak-anak sulung
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Original: Ἱερουσαλὴμ ἐπουρανίῳ / ἐκκλησία πρωτοτόκων
Category: Church
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 12:22-23. Reuses baseline jemaat rendering; the joyful, festal gathering of the new covenant community, contrasted with Sinai’s terror.
Great Shepherd
Approved rendering: Gembala Besar (atas segala domba)
Transliteration: gembala besar (atas segala domba)
Doctrine: The Resurrection of Christ and of Believers
Rejected alternatives: imam, ustadz, kyai
Original: ποιμὴν τῶν προβάτων ὁ μέγας
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 13:20. Warm pastoral image; should not be presented as competing with local titles of religious authority (imam, ustadz, kyai) — Christ’s shepherding is unique and personal.
Equip Well Pleasing
Approved rendering: melengkapi kamu / berkenan (di hadapan-Nya)
Transliteration: melengkapi kamu / berkenan (di hadapan-nya)
Doctrine: Grace
Original: καταρτίζω / εὐάρεστον
Category: Salvation
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 13:21. Should be read alongside the baseline grace doctrine to avoid a merit-based reading of good works in this closing benediction.
Inauguration
Approved rendering: diresmikan/disahkan
Transliteration: diresmikan/disahkan
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: ἐγκαινίζω
Category: Covenant
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:18. Even the first covenant required blood ratification, foreshadowing the necessity of Christ’s blood for the new.
Copy Pattern Antitype
Approved rendering: contoh/bayangan, tiruan, hal-hal yang sesungguhnya
Transliteration: contoh/bayangan, tiruan, hal-hal yang sesungguhnya
Doctrine: The New Covenant versus the Old
Original: ὑπόδειγμα / ἀντίτυπα / τῶν ἀληθινῶν
Category: Covenant
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:23-24. Part of the doctrine of typological fulfillment; must not be read as implying the OT system was meaningless rather than genuinely instructive and provisional.
Appointed
Approved rendering: telah ditetapkan
Transliteration: telah ditetapkan
Doctrine: Judgment and Eschatological Hope
Rejected alternatives: takdir
Original: ἀπόκειται
Category: God
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:27. Must not be rendered with vocabulary resembling takdir (impersonal fate); this is personal divine appointment under a personal God’s sovereign ordering.
Low Risk Terms
Exhort
Approved rendering: menasihati
Transliteration: menasihati
Doctrine: Perseverance and Assurance
Original: παρακαλέω
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Hebrews 3:13, 10:25, 13:22 all use this exhortation vocabulary for mutual encouragement toward perseverance.
Unblemished
Approved rendering: tak bercacat/tak bercela
Transliteration: tak bercacat/tak bercela
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: ἄμωμος
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:14. Ties to the Critical sinlessness-of-Christ claim, though the descriptive word itself is low-risk vocabulary.
Conscience
Approved rendering: hati nurani
Transliteration: hati nurani
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Salvation
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:14, 10:22. Standard, well-understood Indonesian term with minimal syncretism risk.
Purify Cleanse
Approved rendering: disucikan/dibersihkan
Transliteration: disucikan/dibersihkan
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: καθαρίζω
Category: Salvation
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:22-23. Must be distinguished contextually from Islamic ritual purification practices (wudu, tayammum), which address ceremonial rather than moral/spiritual impurity.
Forgiveness
Approved rendering: pengampunan
Transliteration: pengampunan
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: ἄφεσις
Category: Salvation
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:22, 10:18. Established Christian term; add the standard distinguishing note versus Islamic maghfirah only in Critical-risk contexts.
Ashes Of Heifer
Approved rendering: abu lembu betina, bulu domba merah tua, hisop
Transliteration: abu lembu betina, bulu domba merah tua, hisop
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: σποδὸς δαμάλεως, ἔριον κόκκινον, ὕσσωπος
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:13, 9:19. Requires a footnote referencing Numbers 19/Leviticus 14 for readers unfamiliar with the ritual.
Sprinkle
Approved rendering: memercikkan
Transliteration: memercikkan
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: ῥαντίζω
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:13, 9:19, 9:21. Standard ritual-descriptive term.
Vessels Of Ministry
Approved rendering: perlengkapan ibadah
Transliteration: perlengkapan ibadah
Doctrine: Christ as the Great High Priest
Original: σκεύη τῆς λειτουργίας
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:21. Descriptive term extending the ratification-by-blood principle to every object of worship.
Year By Year
Approved rendering: setiap tahun
Transliteration: setiap tahun
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: κατ’ ἐνιαυτόν
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:25, 10:1, 10:3. Highlights the repetitive, insufficient nature of the Levitical system contrasted with Christ’s single offering.
Foundation Of World
Approved rendering: sejak dunia dijadikan
Transliteration: sejak dunia dijadikan
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: καταβολὴ κόσμου
Category: Eschatology
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:26. Rhetorical extreme used for contrast — Christ would have had to suffer since creation itself if his sacrifice needed repetition.
Has Been Manifested
Approved rendering: telah dinyatakan
Transliteration: telah dinyatakan
Doctrine: The Once-for-All Atoning Sacrifice
Original: πεφανέρωται
Category: Salvation
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 9:26. Standard perfect-tense theological vocabulary describing Christ’s once-for-all appearing.
Throne
Approved rendering: takhta
Transliteration: takhta
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: θρόνος
Category: Christology
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 1:8, 4:16, 8:1, 12:2. Part of the deity-argument cluster but the word itself is low-risk vocabulary.
Heir
Approved rendering: waris/ahli waris
Transliteration: waris/ahli waris
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: κληρονόμος
Category: Christology
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 1:2, 6:17, 11:7. Ties to the baseline adoption doctrine’s inheritance theme.
Temptation
Approved rendering: pencobaan
Transliteration: pencobaan
Doctrine: Humanity of Christ
Original: πειρασμός / πειράζω
Category: Priesthood
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 2:18, 4:15. Standard term shared broadly, low syncretism risk, doctrinally tied to the Critical humanity-of-Christ claim.
House Household
Approved rendering: rumah (Allah)
Transliteration: rumah (allah)
Doctrine: The Superiority of Christ over Angels, Moses, and the Levitical Priesthood
Original: οἶκος
Category: Covenant
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 3:2-6, 10:21. Standard metaphor in the Christ-superior-to-Moses argument.
Brotherly Love Hospitality Love Of Money
Approved rendering: kasih persaudaraan / suka memberi tumpangan / cinta uang
Transliteration: kasih persaudaraan / suka memberi tumpangan / cinta uang
Doctrine: Ethical Community Life
Original: φιλαδελφία / φιλοξενία / φιλαργυρία
Category: Church
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 13:1-2, 13:5. Standard NT ethical vocabulary, minimal syncretism concern.
Conviction Evidence
Approved rendering: bukti (dari apa yang tidak kita lihat)
Transliteration: bukti (dari apa yang tidak kita lihat)
Doctrine: Faith of the Old Testament Saints
Original: ἔλεγχος
Category: Faith
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 11:1. Companion term to hypostasis in the epistle’s programmatic definition of faith.
Camp
Approved rendering: perkemahan
Transliteration: perkemahan
Doctrine: Bearing Christ’s Reproach
Original: παρεμβολή
Category: Warning Passages
New to Hebrews. Hebrews 13:11, 13:13. Historical/geographic term itself is low risk; pairs with the High-risk bearing_reproach.
Referenced passages