Core Glossary
Core Glossary — 1 Timothy
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md, organized by the eight curriculum doctrines, with a final reference section for terms reused exactly from the baseline Romans/Galatians translation_memory.json. Risk tiers follow the shared Critical/High/Medium/Low framework established in doctrine_risk_registry.json. Bold risk tiers of Critical or High require human theologian review per the Phase 2 escalation rules; Medium requires native speaker review; Low requires automated review only.
1. Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
| English Term | Ukrainian Rendering | Transliteration | Greek Original | Risk | Passages | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sound doctrine | вчення (exposition) / наука (Scripture citation) | vchennya / nauka | διδασκαλία (ὑγιαίνουσα) | High | 1:10; 4:6, 13, 16; 6:1, 3 | «Наука» collides with modern Ukrainian “science”; register split required, paralleling baseline свобода/воля convention. |
| to teach a different doctrine | навчати іншого вчення | navchaty inshoho vchennya | ἑτεροδιδασκαλέω | High | 1:3; 6:3 | Parallels baseline another_gospel (Gal. 1:6-7) pattern; must read as a real doctrinal rival, not stylistic variance. |
| myths / endless genealogies | байки / безкінечні родоводи | bayky / bezkintsevi rodovody | μῦθος / γενεαλογία ἀπέραντος | Low | 1:4 | Historical-background vocabulary; speculative teaching, not fiction generally. |
| conscience | совість | sovist’ | συνείδησις | Medium | 1:5, 19; 3:9; 4:2 | Standard native term (not a Russicism); consistency across all 4 occurrences required. |
| to make shipwreck [of faith] | зазнати краху (щодо віри) | zaznaty krakhu | ναυαγέω | Low | 1:19 | Vivid metaphor, low ambiguity. |
| charge / entrust | настанова / доручаю; передаю | nastanova / doruchayu; peredayu | παραγγελία / παρατίθεμαι | Medium | 1:18 | Verb «передаю» acceptable; noun «передання» FORBIDDEN — see Guarding the Deposit below. |
| doctrines of demons | вчення демонів | vchennya demoniv | διδασκαλίαι δαιμονίων | High | 4:1 | Must be distinguished from post-Soviet folk-occult vocabulary (baseline spiritual_gifts caution) — this is doctrinal error within the church, not fortune-telling. |
| deceiving spirits | духи-спокусники / духи омани | dukhy-spokusnyky / dukhy omany | πνεύματα πλάνα | High | 4:1 | πνεῦμα here is unambiguously evil-spiritual; must never be confused with Святий Дух. |
| false-named knowledge | лженайменне знання | lzhenaymenne znannya | ψευδώνυμος γνῶσις | Medium | 6:20 | Early Gnostic-adjacent background term; requires brief historical gloss. |
| profane babble | богопротивні пустослів’я | bohoprotyvni pustoslivya | βέβηλοι κενοφωνίαι | Low | 6:20 | Low ambiguity. |
2. Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
| English Term | Ukrainian Rendering | Transliteration | Greek Original | Risk | Passages | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| overseer / bishop | єпископ (citation) / наглядач (gloss) | yepyskop / nahlyadach | ἐπίσκοπος | CRITICAL | 3:1-2 | Collides with the diocesan-bishop office central to live OCU/UOC/UGCC jurisdictional contestation; 1 Tim’s referent is a local congregational leader, functionally = πρεσβύτερος. Mandatory theologian review every occurrence. |
| office of overseer | єпископство / служіння наглядача | yepyskopstvo | ἐπισκοπή | Critical | 3:1 | Same collision as ἐπίσκοπος. |
| deacon | диякон (citation) / служитель (gloss) | dyyakon / sluzhytel’ | διάκονος | CRITICAL | 3:8, 10, 12, 13 | Collides with the ordained sacramental diaconate of Holy Orders in Orthodox/Greek Catholic tradition vs. 1 Tim’s functional service office. Mandatory theologian review every occurrence. |
| elder (age sense) | старший / старша [жінка] | starshyy / starsha | πρεσβύτερος | High | 5:1-2 | Must be disambiguated from the office sense in the same chapter. Avoid «старець» (reserved for Orthodox monastic spiritual-father title). |
| elder (office sense) | пресвітер | presviter | πρεσβύτερος | High | 5:17, 19 | Functionally = ἐπίσκοπος; consistency with 3:1-2 required. |
| council of elders | пресвітерство / собор старших | presviterstvo | πρεσβυτέριον | Medium-High | 4:14 | Risk of sacramental-ordination overreading (хіротонія); describe as recognized commissioning, not resolve the sacramental question. |
| above reproach | незаплямований / без вад | nezaplyamovanyy | ἀνεπίλημπτος | Low | 3:2 | |
| husband of one wife | чоловік однієї дружини | cholovik odniyeyi druzhyny | μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα | CRITICAL | 3:2, 12; (mirrored 5:9) | Intersects live, differing clergy-marriage disciplines across Orthodox, Greek Catholic, Protestant traditions. Render literally; do not resolve the fidelity-vs-remarriage interpretive question. Mandatory theologian review. |
| sober-minded | тверезий | tverezyy | νηφάλιος | Low | 3:2, 11 | |
| self-controlled | розсудливий / стриманий | rozsudlyvyy | σώφρων | Low | 3:2 | Root shared with σωφροσύνη (2:9, 2:15). |
| respectable / orderly | поважний / упорядкований | povazhnyy | κόσμιος | Low | 3:2 | Root shared with κόσμος (2:9’s apparel). |
| hospitable | гостинний | hostynnyy | φιλόξενος | Low | 3:2 | Vivid current resonance: wartime displacement/refugee hospitality. |
| able to teach | здатний навчати | zdatnyy navchaty | διδακτικός | Medium | 3:2 | Link explicitly to sound-doctrine vocabulary in exposition. |
| not a drunkard / not violent | не пияк / не задерикуватий | ne pyyak / ne zaderykuvatyy | μὴ πάροινον / μὴ πλήκτην | Low | 3:3 | |
| gentle / peaceable | поблажливий / незадерикуватий | poblazhlyvyy | ἐπιεικής / ἄμαχος | Low | 3:3 | «Незадерикуватий» avoids мир-root to prevent political-peace confusion. |
| not a lover of money | не грошолюбний | ne hrosholiubnyy | ἀφιλάργυρος | High | 3:3 | Anticipates φιλαργυρία (6:10); church-finances sensitivity, wartime economic hardship. |
| manage / lead (household, deacons, elders) | управляти / керувати | upravlyaty / keruvaty | προΐστημι | Medium | 3:4, 5, 12; 5:17 | Consistency across all 4 occurrences required to preserve Paul’s deliberate word-link. |
| household | дім / домашні | dim | οἶκος | Medium | 3:4, 5, 12, 15 | Must track consistently with οἶκος θεοῦ (3:15). |
| church of God | церква Божа | tserkva Bozha | ἐκκλησία θεοῦ | Critical (inherited) | 3:5, 15 | Baseline church entry reused exactly; doubly sensitive in a leadership-qualifications context. |
| recent convert | новонавернений | novonavernenyy | νεόφυτος | Low | 3:6 | |
| the devil (proper) / slanderers (adjectival) | диявол / наклепниці | dyyavol / naklepnytsi | διάβολος | Medium | 3:6-7, 11 | Deliberate Greek wordplay across 3 verses; note in exposition. |
| good testimony | добре свідчення | dobre svidchennya | μαρτυρία καλή | Medium | 3:7 | Reputational, not divine glory; distinguish from слава. |
| snare | сітка / пастка | sitka / pastka | παγίς | Low | 3:7; 6:9 | Deliberate lexical link across letter. |
| dignified | поважний | povazhnyy | σεμνός / σεμνότης | Low | 3:4, 8, 11; 2:2 | |
| double-tongued | дволикий | dvolykyy | δίλογος | Low | 3:8 | |
| greedy for [shameful] gain | не жадібний до нечесної вигоди | ne zhadibnyy do nechesnoyi vyhody | αἰσχροκερδής | Medium | 3:8 | Church-finances sensitivity (see ἀφιλάργυρος). |
| mystery of the faith | таїна віри | tayina viry | μυστήριον τῆς πίστεως | CRITICAL | 3:9 | «Таїна» collides with «Таїнство» (Sacrament); Paul means revealed truth, not sacramental rite. Mandatory theologian review. |
| clear/pure conscience | чиста совість | chysta sovist’ | καθαρὰ συνείδησις | Medium | 3:9 | See conscience entry above. |
| let them be tested | нехай спершу будуть перевірені | nekhay budut’ perevireni | δοκιμάζω | Low | 3:10 | |
| blameless | безвинний / без нагани | bezvynnyy | ἀνέγκλητος | Low | 3:10 | |
| women [deacons’ wives or female deacons] | жінки | zhinky | γυναῖκας | High | 3:11 | Genuine ambiguity; do not silently resolve to «дружини» or «диякониси». Flag for theologian review. |
| good standing | добре становище / добре ім’я | dobre stanovyshche | βαθμὸς καλός | Low | 3:13 | |
| boldness / confidence | сміливість / відвага | smilyvist’ | παρρησία | Medium | 3:13 | Tie to baseline assurance_of_salvation sense. |
3. Christ as the One Mediator
| English Term | Ukrainian Rendering | Transliteration | Greek Original | Risk | Passages | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mediator | посередник | poserednyk | μεσίτης | CRITICAL | 2:5 | Collides with Orthodox/Greek Catholic saints’/Theotokos intercession devotion (заступництво); Paul’s exclusive claim about salvation’s ground must be stated in full force without appearing to adjudicate all intercessory-prayer practice. Mandatory theologian review. |
| the man Christ Jesus | людина Христос Ісус | lyudyna Khrystos Isus | ἄνθρωπος Χριστὸς Ἰησοῦς | Medium | 2:5 | Well-supported ground across all traditions (baseline humanity_of_christ). |
| ransom | викуп | vykup | ἀντίλυτρον | High | 2:6 | Full substitutionary force; universal scope (“for all”) preserved per baseline universality rule. |
| one God | один Бог | odyn Boh | εἷς θεός | Low | 2:5 | No native rival polytheism; baseline god reused. |
| Savior | Спаситель | Spasytel’ | σωτήρ | Medium | 1:1; 2:3; 4:10 | Standard, uncontested term. |
4. Public Worship and Prayer
| English Term | Ukrainian Rendering | Transliteration | Greek Original | Risk | Passages | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| intercession(s) | клопотання | klopotannya | ἔντευξις | High (inherited) | 2:1; 4:5 | Baseline intercession reused exactly; must not drift toward заступництво. |
| prayers / petitions / thanksgivings | молитви / прошення / подяки | molytvy / proshennya / podyaky | προσευχή / δέησις / εὐχαριστία | Low | 2:1 | подяки = baseline thanksgiving reused. |
| for all people / for kings | за всіх людей / за царів [володарів] | za vsikh lyudey / za tsariv | ὑπὲρ πάντων ἀνθρώπων / βασιλέων | High | 2:1-2 | Parallels baseline Romans 13 government/authority sensitivity; prayer for rulers ≠ endorsement, acute in wartime context. |
| a peaceful and quiet life | мирне й спокійне життя | myrne y spokiyne zhyttya | ἤρεμος καὶ ἡσύχιος βίος | High | 2:2 | Acute мир-resonance (baseline peace_with_god); civic-social sense, distinguish from theological peace. |
| respectable apparel / modesty / self-control | пристойний одяг / скромність / стриманість | prystoynyy odyah / skromnist’ | κόσμιος καταστολή / αἰδώς / σωφροσύνη | Medium | 2:9 | Addresses ancient wealth-display context, not timeless fashion code. |
| to teach / to exercise authority | навчати / владарювати [верховодити] | navchaty / vladaryuvaty | διδάσκειν / αὐθεντέω | High | 2:12 | Exegetically contested single word (αὐθεντέω); must not be silently resolved. Mandatory theologian review. |
| saved through childbearing | спасеться через дітородіння | spaset’sya cherez ditorodinnya | σωθήσεται διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας | CRITICAL | 2:15 | Must not imply salvation-by-works; acutely sensitive for readers unable to bear children. Mandatory theologian review. |
| godliness | благочестя | blahochestya | εὐσέβεια | High | 2:2; 3:16; 4:7-8; 6:3, 5-6, 11 | Risks narrowing to liturgical piety only; Paul’s sense is whole-life, practical devotion. Dominant term of the letter. |
5. The Church as Pillar of Truth
| English Term | Ukrainian Rendering | Transliteration | Greek Original | Risk | Passages | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| household of God | дім Божий | dim Bozhyy | οἶκος θεοῦ | Medium | 3:15 | Deliberate echo of ἴδιος οἶκος (3:4-5, 12); consistency required. |
| church of the living God | церква Бога живого | tserkva Boha zhyvoho | ἐκκλησία θεοῦ ζῶντος | Critical (inherited) | 3:15 | Baseline church reused exactly. |
| pillar and buttress of truth | стовп і опора правди | stovp i opora pravdy | στῦλος καὶ ἑδραίωμα τῆς ἀληθείας | CRITICAL | 3:15 | Risk of being invoked by a specific jurisdiction as unique truth-guardian claim; must be framed as the church universal, not any institution. Mandatory theologian review. |
| mystery of godliness | таїна благочестя | tayina blahochestya | μυστήριον τῆς εὐσεβείας | CRITICAL | 3:16 | Compounds μυστήριον/sacrament collision with благочестя’s liturgical-piety drift; introduces the Christ-hymn. Mandatory theologian review. |
| manifested in flesh / vindicated in Spirit / seen by angels / proclaimed among nations / believed on in the world / taken up in glory | з’явився в тілі / був виправданий Духом / був явлений ангелам / проповіданий між народами / у нього повірили в світі / був узятий у славі | — | ἐφανερώθη ἐν σαρκί κτλ. | CRITICAL | 3:16 | Highest term-density Critical passage in the book: тіло (incarnation), Дух (Spirit ambiguity), слава (glory) all compressed into one verse. Mandatory theologian review. |
6. Godliness and Contentment
| English Term | Ukrainian Rendering | Transliteration | Greek Original | Risk | Passages | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| godliness | благочестя | blahochestya | εὐσέβεια | High | (see above) | Cross-listed; dominant term. |
| contentment | вдоволення | vdovolennya | αὐτάρκεια | High | 6:6 | Reoriented from Stoic self-sufficiency to God-dependent contentment; acute wartime material-loss resonance. Avoid «самодостатність» (wrong Stoic-self-reliance connotation). |
| godliness as a means of gain | благочестя [вважають] засобом наживи | blahochestya zasobom nazhyvy | πορισμὸν εἶναι τὴν εὐσέβειαν | High | 6:5 | Live sensitivity: church financial-scandal concern across all sectors. |
| love of money | грошолюбство / любов до грошей | hrosholiubstvo | φιλαργυρία | High | 6:10 | ”Root of all evils”; sharpened by wartime economic hardship and fundraising scrutiny. |
| desire to be rich / snare | бажання збагатіти / пастка | bazhannya zbahatity / pastka | οἱ βουλόμενοι πλουτεῖν / παγίς | Low | 6:9 | |
| fight the good fight of faith | борися доброю боротьбою віри | borysya dobroyu borotboyu viry | ἀγωνίζου τὸν καλὸν ἀγῶνα τῆς πίστεως | CRITICAL | 6:12 | Combat vocabulary risks literalizing into actual war-conflation; prefer «боротьба» over «бій». Mandatory theologian review. |
| good confession | добре визнання | dobre vyznannya | ὁμολογία | Medium | 6:12-13 | Parallels baseline Romans 10:9 personal-confession theme. |
| King of kings and Lord of lords | Цар над царями і Господь над господами | Tsar nad tsaryamy i Hospod’ nad hospodamy | βασιλεὺς τῶν βασιλευόντων καὶ κύριος τῶν κυριευόντων | Medium | 6:15 | Царський-vocabulary carries baseline kingdom_of_god imperial-Russian resonance; doxological/transcendent use, distinguish from earthly polity. |
| the rich / good works / good foundation | багаті / добрі діла / добра основа | bahati / dobri dila | πλούσιοι / ἔργα καλά / θεμέλιον καλόν | Low | 6:17-19 | Teach in continuity with grace-works distinction (baseline Rom. 4:4-5, 11:5-6): fruit, not ground, of salvation. |
7. Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
| English Term | Ukrainian Rendering | Transliteration | Greek Original | Risk | Passages | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| widow / widow indeed | вдова / справжня вдова | vdova / spravzhnya vdova | χήρα / ὄντως χήρα | High | 5:3-16 | Acute, current wartime weight (war widows since 2022); parallels baseline adoption orphan-crisis sensitivity. Teach with full pastoral seriousness, preserve Paul’s specific instructions. |
| to show godliness to one’s own household | виявляти благочестя до своєї родини | vyyavlyaty blahochestya | εὐσεβεῖν τὸν ἴδιον οἶκον | Medium | 5:4 | Reuses εὐσέβεια + οἶκος; no new risk beyond those entries. |
| self-indulgent / dead while she lives | розкішна / мертва, хоч жива | roz kishna | σπαταλῶσα / τέθνηκεν ζῶσα | Low | 5:6 | Handle with non-moralistic pastoral framing given widow-doctrine sensitivity. |
| wife of one husband | дружина одного чоловіка | druzhyna odnoho cholovika | μιᾶς ἀνδρὸς γυνή | High | 5:9 | Mirrors μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἀνήρ (3:2, 12); same interpretive-range caution. |
| elders who lead well / double honor | пресвітери, які добре керують / подвійна честь | presvitery, podviyna chest’ | οἱ καλῶς προεστῶτες πρεσβύτεροι / διπλῆ τιμή | Medium | 5:17 | Material-compensation question intersects church-finances sensitivity; do not resolve silently toward purely honorific reading. |
| the worker deserves his wages | достойний робітник своєї плати | dostoynyy robitnyk svoyeyi platy | ἄξιος ὁ ἐργάτης τοῦ μισθοῦ | Low | 5:18 | Standard citation; correct Ukrainian OT/NT citation formatting required. |
| accusation on two or three witnesses | обвинувачення на свідченні двох чи трьох свідків | obvynuvachennya | κατηγορία ἐπὶ δύο ἢ τριῶν μαρτύρων | Medium | 5:19 | Formal elder-discipline procedure; keep focus on NT pattern, not any contemporary disciplinary body. |
| laying on of hands | покладання рук | pokladannya ruk | ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν | Medium-High | 4:14; 5:22 | Risk of sacramental-ordination (хіротонія) overreading. |
8. Guarding the Deposit of Faith
| English Term | Ukrainian Rendering | Transliteration | Greek Original | Risk | Passages | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| guard the deposit | стережи заклад / стережи те, що тобі довірено | berezhy zaklad | παραθήκη (φύλαξον) | CRITICAL | 6:20 | «Передання» is FORBIDDEN — collides with capital-T Holy Tradition (Передання) in Orthodox/Greek Catholic theology, contradicting the curriculum’s implicit sola scriptura framing already flagged in the baseline. Use «заклад» (financial-deposit metaphor, matching Greek’s own banking origin) or «довірене». Mandatory theologian review every occurrence. |
| this charge I entrust to you | цю настанову доручаю тобі | tsyu nastanovu doruchayu tobi | παραγγελία / παρατίθεμαι | Medium | 1:18 | Verb «доручаю/передаю» acceptable; never render the derived noun as «передання». Opening bracket of the deposit motif closed by 6:20. |
| false-named knowledge / profane babble | лженайменне знання / богопротивні пустослів’я | — | ψευδώνυμος γνῶσις / βέβηλοι κενοφωνίαι | Medium | 6:20 | See Sound Doctrine section above; cross-listed as the immediate threat to the guarded deposit. |
Reference Section: Terms Reused Exactly from the Baseline Romans/Galatians Translation Memory
The following terms occur in 1 Timothy and MUST use the baseline-established Ukrainian rendering exactly, with no deviation. Risk tiers are inherited from the baseline; only 1-Timothy-specific contextual notes are added here.
| English Term | Ukrainian Rendering | Baseline Risk | 1 Timothy Passages | 1-Timothy-Specific Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gospel | Євангеліє | High | 1:11 | No new risk. |
| grace | благодать | Critical | 1:2, 14 | No new risk. |
| faith | віра | High | throughout (1:2, 4-5, 14, 19; 2:7, 15; 3:9, 13; 4:1, 6, 12; 5:8, 12; 6:10-12, 21) | Dominant letter-wide term; must retain personal-trust sense, not confessional identity, per baseline caution. |
| righteousness | праведність | Critical | 6:11 | No new risk. |
| salvation / to save | спасіння / спасти | Critical | 1:15; 2:4, 15; 4:16 | Must anchor to Christ’s death/resurrection per baseline; especially sensitive at 2:15 and 4:16 (see above). |
| apostle | апостол | Medium | 1:1; 2:7 | No new risk. |
| called / calling | покликаний / покликання | Medium | — | Not directly used in 1 Timothy; retained for cross-reference only. |
| holy | святий | Medium | 2:8 (ὁσίους, near-synonym) | Low incremental risk. |
| sanctification | освячення | Critical | 4:5 | New sense-usage (food sanctified through prayer); must be distinguished from both moral-transformation and folk ritual-blessing senses — see full note above. |
| resurrection | воскресіння | Medium | — | Not directly thematized in 1 Timothy; retained for cross-reference. |
| lord | Господь | High | 1:2, 12, 14; 6:3, 14-15 | No new risk. |
| son of God | Син Божий | Medium | — | Not directly used; retained for cross-reference. |
| incarnation | втілення | Medium | 3:16 (via σάρξ) | Reinforced by the Christ-hymn; see full note above. |
| peace | мир | High | 1:2; 2:2 (via ἤρεμος/ἡσύχιος) | Heightened wartime resonance at 2:2; see above. |
| spiritual gifts | духовні дари | Medium | 4:14 (χάρισμα, singular) | Distinct singular/ordination-specific usage; see note above. |
| thanksgiving | подяка | Low | 2:1; 4:3-4 | No new risk. |
| fellowship | спілкування | Low | — | Not directly used; retained for cross-reference. |
| church | церква | Critical | 3:5, 15; 5:16 | Doubly sensitive in leadership-qualifications and pillar-of-truth contexts; see above. |
| kingdom of God | Царство Боже | High | — | Not directly used (cf. βασιλεύς doxological titles, distinct entries above). |
| law | закон | Medium | 1:7-9 | No new risk. |
| sin | гріх | High | 1:9, 15; 5:20, 22, 24 | No new risk. |
| gentiles / nations | погани / народи | High | 2:7; 3:16 | Use «народи» (mission-scope convention) at both occurrences. |
| glory | слава | Medium | 1:17; 3:16; 6:16 | Must remain unambiguously divine, distinct from patriotic «Слава Україні» resonance; see 3:16 note above. |
| election | обрання | High | — | Not directly used; retained for cross-reference. |
| intercession | клопотання | Medium | 2:1; 4:5 | See Public Worship section above. |
| providence | провидіння Боже | High | — | Not directly used; retained for cross-reference. |
| mission | місія / благовістя | High | 2:7 (implicit) | No new risk. |
| jesus | Ісус | Medium | 1:1-2, 12, 15; 6:3, 13-14 | Never the Russian spelling Иисус. |
| god | Бог | Medium | throughout | No new risk. |
| holy spirit | Святий Дух | Medium | 3:16 (via πνεῦμα, contested) | Genuine ambiguity at 3:16; see full note above — capitalize and gloss if the Holy Spirit sense is adopted. |
| father | Отець | Medium | 1:2 | No new risk. |
| exhort | закликати | Low | 4:13 (παράκλησις) | No new risk. |
| promise | обітниця | High | 4:8 | No new risk. |
| freedom / yoke of slavery | свобода/воля; ярмо рабства | Critical / High | 6:1 (δοῦλος/δεσπότης, adjacent) | Distinct historical context (household slavery ethics) from Galatians’ Law/grace metaphor; must not be conflated with either the Galatians theological argument or Ukraine’s political-freedom resonance. See full note above. |
| flesh | тіло | Critical | 3:16 | See Christ-hymn note above; disambiguate from σῶμα sense. |
| love | любов | High | 1:5, 14; 2:15; 4:12; 6:10-11 | No new risk. |
This glossary must be loaded alongside the baseline translation_memory.json, bible_term_registry.json, and doctrine_risk_registry.json for all Phase 2 translation of 1 Timothy. New terms identified above (marked Critical/High) require the same theologian-review escalation and forbidden-substitution enforcement already established for the Romans and Galatians language packages; see analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md for full grounding of every risk determination.
Critical Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: благодать
Transliteration: blahodat’
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: милість, талан, щастя
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Occurs at 1:2, 1:14 (the source of Paul’s own calling and ministry) and in the closing benediction (6:21). No new risk beyond the baseline’s three-traditions caution (Orthodox uncreated-energies / Greek Catholic infused / Protestant unmerited-favor readings).
Righteousness
Approved rendering: праведність
Transliteration: pravednist’
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: справедливість, чесність
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Occurs at 6:11 among the virtues Timothy is to pursue. No new risk in 1 Timothy.
Salvation
Approved rendering: спасіння / спасти
Transliteration: spasinnya / spasty
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: визволення, рятування (too generic, ‘rescue’)
Inherited exactly from the Romans package (спасіння). σῴζω is used of Paul (1:15), of God’s universal saving will (2:4), of the acutely sensitive childbearing phrase (2:15, see saved_through_childbearing), and of Timothy’s own perseverance in ministry (4:16, see save_through_perseverance). Both new applications require explicit theologian framing anchoring salvation to Christ’s death/resurrection, never to a work performed.
Sanctification
Approved rendering: освячення
Transliteration: osvyachennya
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: обоження (reserve for explicit theosis discussion only), очищення
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. 1 Timothy 4:5 (“ἁγιάζεται διὰ λόγου θεοῦ καὶ ἐντεύξεως,” food sanctified through the word of God and prayer) is a distinct sense-usage the baseline does not directly cover: unusually, this everyday-food application sits CLOSER to the folk ritual-blessing sense (свячення паски) the baseline warns against than most other Pauline sanctification texts. Exposition must distinguish this general principle (receiving God’s good gifts with gratitude and prayer) from both the moral-transformation sense elsewhere and the specific liturgical rite of blessing objects, with positive nuance rather than a one-size-fits-all caution.
Church
Approved rendering: церква
Transliteration: tserkva
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Rejected alternatives: храм, громада (acceptable for local congregation emphasis)
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Occurs at 3:5, 3:15, and 5:16. Doubly sensitive in 1 Timothy because it appears repeatedly in passages about qualifications for leadership OVER the church (3:5) and the church’s identity as truth’s pillar (3:15) — precisely the domains where the OCU/UOC/UGCC jurisdictional question is most acutely felt. Use «громада» as a jurisdiction-neutral synonym wherever the local-congregation sense needs foregrounding.
Freedom
Approved rendering: свобода (exposition) / воля (Scripture citation)
Transliteration: svoboda / volya
Doctrine: Household and Family Order (including Slaves and Masters)
Inherited exactly from the Galatians package. Not used as this exact term in 1 Timothy, but the letter’s slave/master material (6:1-2) sits in the same lexical neighborhood as the Galatians package’s Critical freedom/bondage vocabulary; retained here to flag that translators must not conflate 1 Timothy’s historically situated household-slavery ethics with either the Galatians Law/grace metaphor or Ukraine’s own political-freedom resonance. See slave_and_master below.
Flesh
Approved rendering: тіло
Transliteration: tilo
Doctrine: The Mystery of Godliness and the Christ Hymn
Rejected alternatives: плоть (acceptable only in more elevated/poetic register contexts, not as the default expository term)
Inherited exactly from the Galatians package. Occurs at 3:16 (ἐφανερώθη ἐν σαρκί, “manifested in flesh”) in its neutral incarnational sense, distinct from the ethical σάρξ-versus-Spirit sense of Galatians 5. Must be disambiguated from σῶμα (“body”) on first occurrence per the baseline’s existing caution.
Spirit Bare Pneuma
Approved rendering: Дух
Transliteration: Dukh
Doctrine: The Mystery of Godliness and the Christ Hymn
Rejected alternatives: дух (never use lowercase/unqualified for the Holy Spirit)
Inherited exactly from the Galatians package. 3:16’s bare πνεῦμα (ἐδικαιώθη ἐν πνεύματι) is genuinely ambiguous between Christ’s own vindicated human spirit and the Holy Spirit’s vindicating action, compounding the baseline’s existing caution against lowercase дух defaulting to secular wartime idiom (“бойовий дух”). If the Holy Spirit reading is adopted, capitalize and gloss explicitly; do not let the term default to either the secular idiom or a silently resolved exegetical choice.
Overseer Office
Approved rendering: єпископство / служіння наглядача
Transliteration: yepyskopstvo
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ἐπισκοπή
Category: Church Leadership
New term (ἐπισκοπή, 3:1). Shares the exact grounded risk as overseer below: the abstract noun for the office carries the same weight in contemporary Ukrainian religious vocabulary as the office-holder term. Human theologian review mandatory.
Overseer
Approved rendering: єпископ (Scripture citation) / наглядач (expository gloss)
Transliteration: yepyskop / nahlyadach
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ἐπίσκοπος
Category: Church Leadership
New term (ἐπίσκοπος, 3:1-2). CRITICAL: contemporary Ukrainian «єпископ» denotes, almost without exception, the diocesan bishop within the hierarchical structure of the OCU, UOC, or UGCC — an office invested with regional jurisdictional authority and, since 2022, acute political and legal scrutiny (property disputes, canonical status, loyalty questions). 1 Timothy 3’s ἐπίσκοπος is a local congregational leader with no diocesan or monarchical authority implied, functionally overlapping with πρεσβύτερος. Never use «єпископ» unglossed in exposition; always pair with «наглядач». Human theologian review mandatory for every occurrence.
Husband Of One Wife
Approved rendering: чоловік однієї дружини
Transliteration: cholovik odniyeyi druzhyny
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: одруженим лише раз (resolves the interpretive question prematurely; do not use), вірний своїй дружині (resolves toward fidelity-only reading prematurely; do not use as the primary rendering)
Original: μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα
Category: Church Leadership
New term (μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα, 3:2, 3:12; mirrored 5:9). CRITICAL: intersects directly with the actual, differing clergy-marriage disciplines of Ukraine’s major traditions — Orthodox/Greek Catholic canon law permits ordaining a married man but forbids remarriage after widowhood or clergy divorce, while Protestant bodies typically read the phrase as marital fidelity. Render literally; leave the interpretive range explicit rather than resolved. Human theologian review mandatory for every occurrence.
Church Of God
Approved rendering: церква Божа
Transliteration: tserkva Bozha
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ἐκκλησία θεοῦ
Category: Church
New compound term (ἐκκλησία θεοῦ, 3:5), built on the inherited church baseline entry. Doubly sensitive because the verse concerns qualifications for leadership OVER the church — precisely the domain where the OCU/UOC/UGCC jurisdictional question is most acutely felt. Exposition must keep focus on Paul’s local-congregation referent, not any institutional hierarchy.
Deacon
Approved rendering: диякон (Scripture citation) / служитель (expository gloss)
Transliteration: dyyakon / sluzhytel’
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: διάκονος
Category: Church Leadership
New term (διάκονος, 3:8, 10, 12, 13). CRITICAL: Ukrainian «диякон» carries the full weight of the ordained sacramental diaconate within Holy Orders in Orthodox and Greek Catholic tradition. 1 Timothy’s διάκονος is a local, functional, congregationally-recognized service role with no necessary sacramental ordination theology attached. Never use «диякон» unglossed in exposition; always pair with «служитель». Human theologian review mandatory for every occurrence.
Mystery Of The Faith
Approved rendering: таїна віри
Transliteration: tayina viry
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: μυστήριον τῆς πίστεως
Category: Church Leadership
New term (μυστήριον τῆς πίστεως, 3:9). CRITICAL: Ukrainian «таїна» shares its root with «Таїнство» (Sacrament) in Orthodox/Greek Catholic sacramental theology. Rendering μυστήριον as «таїна» risks a reader hearing “the sacrament of the faith” rather than Paul’s sense of a formerly hidden, now-revealed gospel truth. This exact collision recurs at 3:16 (mystery_of_godliness) with even higher stakes. Human theologian review mandatory for both occurrences.
Mediator
Approved rendering: посередник
Transliteration: poserednyk
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Rejected alternatives: заступник (too close to заступництво, saints’/Theotokos intercession; do not use)
Original: μεσίτης
Category: Christ as Mediator
New term (μεσίτης, 2:5). CRITICAL: collides with the extensive Orthodox/Greek Catholic devotional practice of appeal to the intercession (заступництво) of the Theotokos and the saints. Paul’s exclusive claim concerns the ground of salvation, not a verdict on intercessory prayer practice generally. Must be stated in full, unqualified force without appearing to adjudicate every question of intercessory prayer practice. Human theologian review mandatory for every occurrence.
Saved Through Childbearing
Approved rendering: спасеться через дітородіння
Transliteration: spaset’sya cherez ditorodinnya
Doctrine: Women’s Role in Public Worship and Teaching
Original: σωθήσεται διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας
Category: Public Worship and Prayer
New term (σωθήσεται διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας, 2:15). Must never be rendered or taught in a way that implies salvation is earned or secured by a work, and is acutely sensitive for any woman unable to bear children given wartime disruption to family life. Human theologian review mandatory.
Church Of The Living God
Approved rendering: церква Бога живого
Transliteration: tserkva Boha zhyvoho
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: ἐκκλησία θεοῦ ζῶντος
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
New compound term (ἐκκλησία θεοῦ ζῶντος, 3:15), built on the inherited church baseline entry (Critical). Same jurisdictional-neutrality framing required as elsewhere in the letter.
Pillar And Foundation Of Truth
Approved rendering: стовп і опора правди
Transliteration: stovp i opora pravdy
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: στῦλος καὶ ἑδραίωμα τῆς ἀληθείας
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
New term (στῦλος καὶ ἑδραίωμα τῆς ἀληθείας, 3:15). CRITICAL: precisely the kind of proof-text historically invoked by a specific institutional body to claim itself uniquely as truth’s guardian against rival Ukrainian church bodies or Protestant congregations. Exposition must state explicitly that Paul’s referent is the church universal, using «громада» as a clarifying synonym where useful. Human theologian review mandatory for every occurrence.
Mystery Of Godliness
Approved rendering: таїна благочестя
Transliteration: tayina blahochestya
Doctrine: The Mystery of Godliness and the Christ Hymn
Original: μυστήριον τῆς εὐσεβείας
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
New term (μυστήριον τῆς εὐσεβείας, 3:16). Compounds two flagged risks — the μυστήριον/Таїнство collision already noted at 3:9, and godliness’s liturgical-piety-only drift. Introduces the six-line Christ hymn; must not be taught as naming a seventh sacramental rite. Human theologian review mandatory.
Christ Hymn Manifested In Flesh
Approved rendering: з’явився в тілі, був виправданий Духом, був явлений ангелам, проповіданий між народами, у нього повірили в світі, був узятий у славі
Transliteration: z’yavyvsya v tili, buv vypravdanyy Dukhom, buv yavlenyy anhelam, propovidanyy mizh narodamy, u n’oho poviryly v sviti, buv uzyatyy u slavi
Doctrine: The Mystery of Godliness and the Christ Hymn
Original: ἐφανερώθη ἐν σαρκί, ἐδικαιώθη ἐν πνεύματι, ὤφθη ἀγγέλοις, ἐκηρύχθη ἐν ἔθνεσιν, ἐπιστεύθη ἐν κόσμῳ, ἀνελήμφθη ἐν δόξῃ
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
New term (the six-fold Christ hymn, 3:16b). Compresses тіло (incarnation), genuinely ambiguous Дух (Christ’s own spirit vs. the Holy Spirit), народи (nations), and слава (glory) into one verse — the highest term-density Critical passage in the whole book. Human theologian review mandatory.
Fight The Good Fight
Approved rendering: борися доброю боротьбою віри
Transliteration: borysya dobroyu borotboyu viry
Doctrine: Perseverance: The Good Fight of Faith
Rejected alternatives: борися добрим боєм віри (avoid; «бій» risks direct military conflation), воюй доброю війною віри (FORBIDDEN; would inappropriately literalize the metaphor into endorsement of armed conflict)
Original: ἀγωνίζου τὸν καλὸν ἀγῶνα τῆς πίστεως
Category: Godliness and Contentment
New term (ἀγωνίζου τὸν καλὸν ἀγῶνα τῆς πίστεως, 6:12). Given the literal, ongoing war since 2022, combat vocabulary risks either literalizing into endorsement of military struggle or trivializing readers’ lived experience. «Боротьба» is required over «бій»/«воювати», though the resonance with Ukraine’s own «боротьба за незалежність» tradition cannot be fully eliminated and must be acknowledged pastorally. Human theologian review mandatory for every occurrence.
Guard The Deposit
Approved rendering: стережи заклад / стережи те, що тобі довірено
Transliteration: berezhy zaklad / berezhy te, shcho tobi doviereno
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Rejected alternatives: передання (PERMANENTLY FORBIDDEN — collides with capital-T Holy Tradition (Передання) in Orthodox/Greek Catholic theology)
Original: τὴν παραθήκην φύλαξον
Category: Guarding the Deposit
New term (τὴν παραθήκην φύλαξον, 6:20). The single most consequential lexical decision for this doctrine and one of the most consequential in the whole book. «Передання» would make Paul appear to command guarding capital-T Holy Tradition in the specific technical sense, contradicting the curriculum’s implicit sola scriptura framing already flagged in the baseline’s inspiration_of_scripture entry. «Заклад» (matching the Greek’s own banking-metaphor origin) or «довірене» are the required renderings. Human theologian review mandatory for every occurrence.
Holy Spirit Flesh
Approved rendering: Дух / тіло
Transliteration: Dukh / tilo
Doctrine: The Mystery of Godliness and the Christ Hymn
Original: πνεῦμα (ἐδικαιώθη ἐν πνεύματι) / σάρξ
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
Compound cross-reference entry for the genuinely ambiguous Spirit/spirit and the flesh in the Christ hymn (3:16). Inherited from the baseline’s Critical spirit_bare_pneuma and flesh entries; requires the same mandatory capitalization-and-glossing discipline and σῶμα-disambiguation as those baseline entries.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: Євангеліє
Transliteration: Yevanheliye
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: добра звістка (acceptable as an explanatory gloss only)
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Gospel
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Occurs at 1:11 (“the glorious gospel of the blessed God”). No new 1 Timothy-specific risk beyond the baseline’s book-title-flattening caution.
Faith
Approved rendering: віра
Transliteration: vira
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: довіра, переконання
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. 1 Timothy uses πίστις both for personal trust (1:14; 2:15; 3:13) and, with new emphasis relative to Romans/Galatians, for the objective body of received Christian belief (“the faith,” 1:19; 3:9; 4:1, 6; 6:10, 12, 21). This second sense must not be confused with the baseline’s confessional-identity drift caution; it names the guarded apostolic deposit, not institutional affiliation.
Lord
Approved rendering: Господь
Transliteration: Hospod’
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: хазяїн, владика (reserve for liturgical/poetic register only)
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Occurs at 1:2, 12, 14 and 6:3, 14-15. No new risk.
Peace
Approved rendering: мир
Transliteration: myr
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Rejected alternatives: спокій, затишшя
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Occurs at 1:2 (greeting) and, with heightened wartime resonance, at 2:2 via ἤρεμον καὶ ἡσύχιον βίον (“peaceful and quiet life”) — see peaceful_and_quiet_life below for the dedicated new-term treatment of that civic-social sense, which must be kept visibly distinct from Romans 5:1’s relational peace-with-God.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: Царство Боже
Transliteration: Tsarstvo Bozhe
Doctrine: Perseverance: The Good Fight of Faith
Rejected alternatives: держава Божа
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Not directly used as this exact phrase in 1 Timothy, but the letter’s doxological κύριος/βασιλεύς titles (1:17; 6:15-16) draw on the same «Царство»/«Цар» word-family carrying loaded imperial-Russian resonance; see king_of_the_ages and king_of_kings_lord_of_lords below.
Sin
Approved rendering: гріх
Transliteration: hrikh
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: помилка, провина
Original: ἁμαρτία / ἁμαρτωλός
Category: Sin
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Occurs at 1:9, 1:15 (Paul as “foremost of sinners”) and 5:20, 22, 24 (public sin among elders). No new risk.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: погани
Transliteration: pohany
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Rejected alternatives: чужинці
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Must use «народи» (mission-scope convention) at both 1 Timothy occurrences — 2:7 (Paul’s commission) and 3:16 (proclaimed among the nations) — to avoid «погани»‘s modern derogatory drift.
Election
Approved rendering: обрання
Transliteration: obrannya
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: доля, фатум, приречення (use only with careful qualification)
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Not directly used in 1 Timothy; retained for cross-reference only.
Intercession
Approved rendering: клопотання
Transliteration: klopotannya
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Rejected alternatives: заступництво (reserve for saints’/Theotokos intercession contexts)
Original: ἔντευξις
Category: Public Worship and Prayer
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Occurs at 2:1 (ἔντευξις, part of the fourfold prayer cluster) and 4:5 (the sanctifying role of prayer). Must not drift toward «заступництво», the term reserved almost exclusively in Orthodox and Greek Catholic devotion for the intercession of the saints and the Theotokos — a collision sharpened here by the letter’s own μεσίτης/mediator doctrine at 2:5.
Providence
Approved rendering: провидіння Боже
Transliteration: providinnya Bozhe
Doctrine: Providence
Rejected alternatives: доля, випадок, карма (never use)
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Not directly used in 1 Timothy; retained for cross-reference only.
Mission
Approved rendering: місія / благовістя
Transliteration: misiya / blahovistya
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Rejected alternatives: пропаганда (never use)
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Implicit in Paul’s commission as “preacher, apostle, and teacher of the nations” (2:7). No new risk beyond the baseline’s wartime chaplaincy sensitivity.
Promise
Approved rendering: обітниця
Transliteration: obitnytsya
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Inherited exactly from the Galatians package. Occurs at 4:8 (“promise of life,” ἐπαγγελία ζωῆς), attached to godliness rather than to the Abrahamic covenant context of its Galatians usage. No new risk beyond ensuring readers do not lose the covenantal weight the term carries elsewhere in the curriculum.
Yoke Of Slavery
Approved rendering: ярмо рабства
Transliteration: yarmo rabstva
Doctrine: Household and Family Order (including Slaves and Masters)
Inherited exactly from the Galatians package. Not used as this exact term in 1 Timothy; retained for cross-reference given the letter’s own δοῦλος/δεσπότης material (6:1-2), which must be kept doctrinally and historically distinct from this Galatians metaphor.
Love
Approved rendering: любов
Transliteration: lyubov
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Godliness and Contentment
Inherited exactly from the Galatians package. Occurs repeatedly as a character-goal throughout 1 Timothy (1:5, 14; 2:15; 4:12; 6:10-11). No new risk beyond the baseline’s caution about любов’s crowded semantic neighborhood (romantic/familial/patriotic/neighbor-love).
Not Lover Of Money
Approved rendering: не грошолюбний
Transliteration: ne hrosholiubnyy
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ἀφιλάργυρος
Category: Church Leadership
New term (ἀφιλάργυρος, 3:3). Anticipates φιλαργυρία (6:10, love_of_money) and shares the greedy_for_dishonest_gain (3:8) family. Church financial integrity is a live, sensitive topic across all Ukrainian traditions, compounded by wartime economic hardship and heightened scrutiny of humanitarian/military-adjacent church fundraising. Must be taught with full seriousness, not softened into generic modesty.
Women In Deacon Role
Approved rendering: жінки
Transliteration: zhinky
Doctrine: Women’s Role in Public Worship and Teaching
Rejected alternatives: дружини (narrows the referent to “wives”; do not use as a silent resolution), диякониси (a loaded institutional term with its own history in a now-largely-defunct historical Orthodox female diaconate; do not use as a silent resolution)
Original: γυναῖκας
Category: Church Leadership
New term (γυναῖκας, 3:11). Genuinely ambiguous between deacons’ wives and a distinct order of women serving in a deacon-like capacity. Preserve, rather than resolve, the Greek’s own ambiguity. Human theologian review mandatory.
Sound Doctrine
Approved rendering: вчення (exposition) / наука (Scripture citation)
Transliteration: vchennya / nauka
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: διδασκαλία (ὑγιαίνουσα)
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term (διδασκαλία ὑγιαίνουσα, 1:10; 4:6, 13, 16; 6:1, 3). Modern Ukrainian «наука» overwhelmingly means “science” in ordinary usage. Register split required: «вчення» in exposition, «наука» reserved for Scripture citation matching Ohienko, glossed explicitly on first occurrence — parallels the baseline’s свобода/воля register-split convention.
Teach Different Doctrine
Approved rendering: навчати іншого вчення
Transliteration: navchaty inshoho vchennya
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: ἑτεροδιδασκαλέω
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term (ἑτεροδιδασκαλέω, 1:3; 6:3). Parallel in force to the Galatians package’s another_gospel («інше євангеліє», Critical). Must read as a real doctrinal rival, not stylistic variance.
Pray For Rulers
Approved rendering: за всіх людей… за царів [володарів]
Transliteration: za vsikh lyudey… za tsariv [volodariv]
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: ὑπὲρ πάντων ἀνθρώπων / βασιλέων
Category: Public Worship and Prayer
New term (ὑπὲρ πάντων ἀνθρώπων / βασιλέων, 2:1-2). Directly parallels the baseline’s Romans 13 government/authority sensitivity, sharpened by wartime governance and an actively hostile foreign aggressor state. Exposition must state clearly this instruction does not equate to endorsing any government’s actions. Consider «володарі» as the primary civic-register term to reduce imperial «царів» echo where the Ohienko citation allows the variant.
Peaceful And Quiet Life
Approved rendering: мирне й спокійне життя
Transliteration: myrne y spokiyne zhyttya
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: ἤρεμον καὶ ἡσύχιον βίον
Category: Public Worship and Prayer
New term (ἤρεμον καὶ ἡσύχιον βίον, 2:2). Invokes the acute wartime мир-resonance already Critical/High in the baseline’s peace_with_god entry; here the sense is civic-social tranquility, distinct from the theological peace-with-God sense of Romans 5:1. The two senses must be kept visibly distinct in teaching material.
Godliness
Approved rendering: благочестя
Transliteration: blahochestya
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Rejected alternatives: релігійність (too weak, purely descriptive), святість (would collapse into the sanctification/holiness word-family, losing εὐσέβεια’s distinct practical-devotion sense)
Original: εὐσέβεια
Category: Godliness and Contentment
New term (εὐσέβεια, 2:2; 3:16; 4:7-8; 5:4; 6:3, 5-6, 11). The letter’s most frequent positive character-goal term. «Благочестя» carries strong pre-existing devotional resonance across Orthodox and Greek Catholic tradition, often associated primarily with liturgical piety and reverent religious demeanor. Paul’s usage is broader — whole-life, practical devotion including contentment and household relationships. Requires explicit re-definition at every occurrence, not a single first-occurrence gloss, given its frequency.
Ransom
Approved rendering: викуп за всіх
Transliteration: vykup za vsikh
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Original: ἀντίλυτρον
Category: Christ as Mediator
New term (ἀντίλυτρον ὑπὲρ πάντων, 2:6). Must retain full substitutionary, transactional force and preserve its universal scope (“for all”) per the baseline’s universality-claim rule (Romans 3:23; 10:12-13).
Exercise Authority
Approved rendering: владарювати / верховодити
Transliteration: vladaryuvaty / verkhovodyty
Doctrine: Women’s Role in Public Worship and Teaching
Original: αὐθεντέω
Category: Public Worship and Prayer
New term (αὐθεντέω, 2:12). One of the most exegetically contested single words in the Pauline corpus; the translation choice materially affects whether the verse reads as blanket restriction or a correction of a specific abuse. Must be flagged for human theologian review with the semantic range stated explicitly rather than silently resolved.
Depart From The Faith
Approved rendering: декотрі відступлять від віри
Transliteration: dekotri vidstuplyat’ vid viry
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: ἀποστήσονταί τινες τῆς πίστεως
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term (ἀποστήσονταί τινες τῆς πίστεως, 4:1). Given the live OCU/UOC/UGCC institutional split, apostasy language here could be misheard as commentary on institutional church division; Paul’s referent is individual doctrinal apostasy, not jurisdictional schism.
Deceiving Spirits
Approved rendering: духи-спокусники / духи омани
Transliteration: dukhy-spokusnyky / dukhy omany
Doctrine: False Asceticism and the Goodness of Creation
Original: πνεύματα πλάνα
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term (πνεύματα πλάνα, 4:1). This πνεῦμα is unambiguously evil-spiritual, never to be confused with Святий Дух; must also be distinguished from the persistent post-Soviet folk-occult vocabulary category already flagged in the baseline’s spiritual_gifts entry.
Doctrines Of Demons
Approved rendering: вчення демонів
Transliteration: vchennya demoniv
Doctrine: False Asceticism and the Goodness of Creation
Original: διδασκαλίαι δαιμονίων
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term (διδασκαλίαι δαιμονίων, 4:1). Must not accidentally suggest a warning against fortune-telling rather than false teaching within the church.
Sanctified Through Word And Prayer
Approved rendering: освячується словом Божим і молитвою
Transliteration: osvyachuyet’sya slovom Bozhym i molytvoyu
Doctrine: False Asceticism and the Goodness of Creation
Original: ἁγιάζεται διὰ λόγου θεοῦ καὶ ἐντεύξεως
Category: Godliness and Contentment
New term (ἁγιάζεται διὰ λόγου θεοῦ καὶ ἐντεύξεως, 4:5), applied to food rather than to the moral transformation of the believer. Unusually overlaps with the everyday folk sense of освячення (blessing of objects/food); teach with positive nuance distinguishing this general gratitude-and-prayer principle from both the moral-transformation sense and the specific liturgical blessing rite.
Elder Age Sense
Approved rendering: старший / старша [жінка]
Transliteration: starshyy / starsha
Doctrine: Household and Family Order (including Slaves and Masters)
Rejected alternatives: старець (FORBIDDEN — reserved for the revered Orthodox monastic spiritual-father title)
Original: πρεσβύτερος (age sense)
Category: Church Leadership
New term (πρεσβύτερος, age sense, 5:1-2). Must be disambiguated from the formal office sense sixteen verses later (5:17, 19) within the same chapter.
Elder Office Sense
Approved rendering: пресвітер
Transliteration: presviter
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: πρεσβύτερος (office sense)
Category: Church Leadership
New term (πρεσβύτερος, office sense, 5:17, 19). Functionally identical in referent to ἐπίσκοπος (chapter 3, overseer); must be rendered consistently with that entry and distinctly from the age-sense of the same chapter (5:1-2).
Widow
Approved rendering: вдова / справжня вдова
Transliteration: vdova / spravzhnya vdova
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
Original: χήρα / ὄντως χήρα
Category: Care for Widows
New term (χήρα / ὄντως χήρα, 5:3-16). Carries acute, grounded, current weight given the substantial and growing population of war widows since 2022. Teach with full pastoral seriousness while preserving Paul’s specific instructions about family responsibility and formal enrollment qualifications (5:9-10).
Wife Of One Husband
Approved rendering: дружина одного чоловіка
Transliteration: druzhyna odnoho cholovika
Doctrine: Care for Widows and the Household of Faith
Original: μιᾶς ἀνδρὸς γυνή
Category: Care for Widows
New term (μιᾶς ἀνδρὸς γυνή, 5:9), the direct grammatical mirror of husband_of_one_wife (3:2, 3:12). Same interpretive-range caution applies, here concerning a widow’s own marital history.
Slave And Master
Approved rendering: раб / пан
Transliteration: rab / pan
Doctrine: Household and Family Order (including Slaves and Masters)
Original: δοῦλος / δεσπότης
Category: Household and Family Order
New term (δοῦλος / δεσπότης, 6:1-2). Historically and doctrinally distinct from the Galatians package’s yoke_of_slavery and freedom Critical entries. Must not be conflated with either the Galatians Law/grace metaphor or Ukraine’s own political-freedom resonance; must not be read as endorsing slavery or as coded commentary on wartime captivity. Human theologian review recommended.
Godliness As Means Of Gain
Approved rendering: вважають благочестя засобом наживи
Transliteration: vvazhayut’ blahochestya zasobom nazhyvy
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: νομιζόντων πορισμὸν εἶναι τὴν εὐσέβειαν
Category: Godliness and Contentment
New term (νομιζόντων πορισμὸν εἶναι τὴν εὐσέβειαν, 6:5). Directly critiques treating godliness as a business model — a live, sensitive charge for any religious landscape where church-related financial scandal is a public concern.
Contentment
Approved rendering: вдоволення
Transliteration: vdovolennya
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Rejected alternatives: самодостатність (wrongly suggests the Stoic self-reliant sense Paul is reworking; do not use)
Original: αὐτάρκεια
Category: Godliness and Contentment
New term (αὐτάρκεια, 6:6). Carries acute grounded weight for wartime Ukraine: contentment amid severe material loss and displacement is not an abstract ideal but a demanding, immediate pastoral challenge. Exposition must neither trivialize genuine hardship nor lose Paul’s theological point (contentment rooted in God’s sufficiency, 6:7-8).
Love Of Money
Approved rendering: грошолюбство / любов до грошей
Transliteration: hrosholiubstvo / lyubov do hroshey
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: φιλαργυρία
Category: Godliness and Contentment
New term (φιλαργυρία, 6:10), “a root of all evils.” Grounded in the same church-finances sensitivity flagged across chapters 3, 5, and 6, sharpened by wartime economic hardship and heightened scrutiny of church fundraising. Teach with full rhetorical force intact.
Gentiles Nations
Approved rendering: народи
Transliteration: narody
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Rejected alternatives: погани (avoid at 2:7 and 3:16; carries modern derogatory drift)
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Christ as Mediator
Extends the inherited gentiles baseline entry. Must use «народи» (mission-scope convention) at both 1 Timothy occurrences (2:7, 3:16).
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: апостол
Transliteration: apostol
Doctrine: Apostolic Authority and Paul’s Charge to Timothy
Rejected alternatives: посланець, проповідник
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Occurs at 1:1 and 2:7. Readers may reflexively hear Paul’s apostolic self-designation through the lens of the live OCU/UOC/UGCC apostolic-succession legitimacy question; keep Paul’s personal, historical commissioning distinct from that unrelated modern controversy, per the Galatians baseline’s pauls_apostleship caution.
Holy
Approved rendering: святий
Transliteration: svyatyy
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: чистий, непорочний
Original: ὅσιος (near-synonym of ἅγιος)
Category: Sanctification
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. ὅσιος (near-synonym of ἅγιος) is used at 2:8 of “holy hands” lifted in prayer; low incremental risk given the narrower liturgical-gesture context.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: воскресіння
Transliteration: voskresinnya
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: оживлення, реінкарнація
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Not directly thematized as a standalone term in 1 Timothy; retained for cross-reference and consistency should the doctrine be invoked in teaching material alongside the Christ hymn (3:16).
Son Of God
Approved rendering: Син Божий
Transliteration: Syn Bozhyy
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: божественний посланець
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Not directly used as a title in 1 Timothy (Christ’s sonship is assumed, not named with this exact phrase); retained for cross-reference.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: втілення
Transliteration: vtilennya
Doctrine: The Mystery of Godliness and the Christ Hymn
Rejected alternatives: аватар (never use), явлення
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Reinforced directly by the Christ hymn’s opening line (3:16, ἐφανερώθη ἐν σαρκί, “manifested in flesh”) — the exact doctrine the baseline entry gestures toward via Romans 1:3’s “according to the flesh,” now given a full six-line hymnic treatment. See christ_hymn_manifested_in_flesh below.
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: духовні дари
Transliteration: dukhovni dary
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and Ordination to Ministry
Rejected alternatives: екстрасенсорні здібності (never use), таланти
Inherited exactly from the Romans package (plural χαρίσματα). 1 Timothy 4:14 uses the singular χάρισμα for Timothy’s own specific ordination-gift, a distinct sense-usage — see spiritual_gift_ordination below for the dedicated treatment.
Law
Approved rendering: закон
Transliteration: zakon
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: правило, заповідь (reserve for individual commandments)
Original: νόμος
Category: Sound Doctrine
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Occurs at 1:7-9 discussing the Law’s proper, lawful use. No new Ukraine-specific risk beyond the baseline’s existing High-risk profile.
Glory
Approved rendering: слава
Transliteration: slava
Doctrine: The Mystery of Godliness and the Christ Hymn
Rejected alternatives: шана, велич
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Occurs in the opening doxology (1:17), the Christ hymn’s climax (3:16, «був узятий у славі»), and the closing doxology (6:16). Must remain unambiguously divine, distinct from the patriotic «Слава Україні» resonance, with particular care at 3:16.
Jesus
Approved rendering: Ісус
Transliteration: Isus
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Rejected alternatives: Иисус (Russian spelling, never use)
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christ as Mediator
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Occurs throughout (1:1-2, 12, 15; 6:3, 13-14). Never the Russian spelling Иисус — always Ісус.
God
Approved rendering: Бог
Transliteration: Boh
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Rejected alternatives: Всевишній (acceptable poetic synonym only)
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Occurs throughout the letter. No new risk.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Святий Дух
Transliteration: Svyatyy Dukh
Doctrine: The Mystery of Godliness and the Christ Hymn
Rejected alternatives: дух (never use alone), енергія
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. The Christ hymn’s «ἐδικαιώθη ἐν πνεύματι» (3:16) is genuinely ambiguous between Christ’s own vindicated human spirit and the Holy Spirit’s vindicating action; if the Holy Spirit sense is adopted, mandatory capitalization and first-occurrence glossing apply exactly as in the baseline’s Galatians spirit_bare_pneuma entry. See holy_spirit_flesh below for the compound treatment.
Father
Approved rendering: Отець
Transliteration: Otets’
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Rejected alternatives: батюшка (reserve exclusively for addressing an Orthodox priest, and is itself a Russicism increasingly avoided)
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Occurs at 1:2 (opening greeting). No new risk.
Faithful Saying
Approved rendering: Вірне це слово
Transliteration: Virne tse slovo
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Rejected alternatives: Це правдиве твердження (too flat; loses the formula’s citation-marking force)
Original: πιστὸς ὁ λόγος
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term. A fixed formulaic refrain used five times across the Pastoral Epistles (1 Tim 1:15; 3:1; 4:9; 2 Tim 2:11; Titus 3:8) to mark settled, authoritative apostolic teaching. Must retain formulaic, citation-marking force in every occurrence; render identically each time per the Theological Consistency Rules.
Able To Teach
Approved rendering: здатний навчати
Transliteration: zdatnyy navchaty
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: διδακτικός
Category: Church Leadership
New term (διδακτικός, 3:2). Should be explicitly linked in exposition to the letter’s sound_doctrine vocabulary so the connection between leadership qualification and doctrinal competence is not lost.
Household
Approved rendering: дім
Transliteration: dim
Doctrine: Household and Family Order (including Slaves and Masters)
Original: οἶκος
Category: Church Leadership
New term (οἶκος, 3:4-5, 3:12, 3:15). Must be rendered consistently across all occurrences, including household_of_god (3:15), so readers see Paul’s deliberate word-link between managing one’s own household and being fit to serve God’s household.
Manage Lead
Approved rendering: управляти / керувати
Transliteration: upravlyaty / keruvaty
Doctrine: Household and Family Order (including Slaves and Masters)
Original: προΐστημι
Category: Church Leadership
New term (προΐστημι, 3:4, 3:5 compound form, 3:12; also 5:17 of elders who “lead well”). Must be translated consistently across all four occurrences or the reader loses Paul’s deliberate connection between household management, deacon service, and eldership.
Slanderer Devil
Approved rendering: диявол (proper title) / наклепниці (adjectival)
Transliteration: dyyavol / naklepnytsi
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: διάβολος
Category: Church Leadership
New term (διάβολος, 3:6-7 proper title, 3:11 adjectival “slanderers”). The deliberate Greek wordplay across these verses cannot be reproduced with a single Ukrainian root as neatly as in Greek; surface it explicitly in exposition. Keep the proper title and the adjectival human-vice sense visibly distinct.
Good Testimony
Approved rendering: добре свідчення
Transliteration: dobre svidchennya
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: μαρτυρία καλή
Category: Church Leadership
New term (μαρτυρία καλή, 3:7). The reputational sense here must be kept visibly distinct from the theological «слава» (divine glory).
Greedy For Dishonest Gain
Approved rendering: не жадібний до нечесної вигоди
Transliteration: ne zhadibnyy do nechesnoyi vyhody
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: αἰσχροκερδής
Category: Church Leadership
New term (αἰσχροκερδής, 3:8). Shares the church-finances sensitivity flagged High for ἀφιλάργυρος (3:3, not_lover_of_money); financial integrity remains a live, closely watched concern across all Ukrainian traditions.
Clear Conscience
Approved rendering: чиста совість
Transliteration: chysta sovist’
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: καθαρὰ συνείδησις
Category: Church Leadership
New term (καθαρὰ συνείδησις, 3:9). «Совість» is standard, well-attested Ukrainian vocabulary (not a Russicism); must be rendered consistently across all four occurrences of the conscience motif in the letter (1:5, 1:19, 3:9, 4:2, see conscience below).
Boldness
Approved rendering: сміливість / відвага
Transliteration: smilyvist’ / vidvaha
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: παρρησία
Category: Church Leadership
New term (παρρησία, 3:13). Should be tied in exposition to the same confident-access sense used elsewhere in Pauline theology (cf. baseline assurance_of_salvation), not reduced to mere social self-assurance.
Conscience
Approved rendering: совість
Transliteration: sovist’
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: συνείδησις
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term (συνείδησις, 1:5, 1:19, 3:9, 4:2). Standard native vocabulary (not a Russicism); consistency across all four occurrences is the main requirement.
Entrusted Charge
Approved rendering: настанову… доручаю тобі
Transliteration: nastanovu… doruchayu tobi
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Rejected alternatives: передання (FORBIDDEN as the noun-rendering; see guard_the_deposit)
Original: παραγγελία / παρατίθεμαι
Category: Guarding the Deposit
New term (παραγγελία / παρατίθεμαι, 1:18). The verb «передаю»/«доручаю» is acceptable, but the derived noun «передання» must NEVER be used to name this entrusted charge, to avoid collision with capital-T Holy Tradition — the same forbidden substitution flagged Critical for παραθήκη (6:20).
King Of The Ages
Approved rendering: Цар віків
Transliteration: Tsar vikiv
Doctrine: Perseverance: The Good Fight of Faith
Original: βασιλεὺς τῶν αἰώνων
Category: God
New term (βασιλεὺς τῶν αἰώνων, 1:17). «Цар» carries the loaded imperial-Russian resonance already flagged Critical/High in the baseline’s kingdom_of_god entry; here doxological, applied to God’s eternal sovereignty, but exposition should still make the distinction explicit.
Savior
Approved rendering: Спаситель
Transliteration: Spasytel’
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Original: σωτήρ
Category: God
New term (σωτήρ, 1:1; 2:3; 4:10). Standard, uncontested term. 2:3-4’s universal scope (“who desires all people to be saved”) should be read alongside the baseline’s universal_scope_of_gospel entry.
Man Christ Jesus
Approved rendering: людина Христос Ісус
Transliteration: lyudyna Khrystos Isus
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Original: ἄνθρωπος Χριστὸς Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christ as Mediator
New term (ἄνθρωπος Χριστὸς Ἰησοῦς, 2:5). Well-supported common ground across all Ukrainian traditions (baseline humanity_of_christ doctrine); low drift risk.
Modesty In Worship
Approved rendering: пристойний одяг / скромність / стриманість
Transliteration: prystoynyy odyah / skromnist’ / strymanist’
Doctrine: Women’s Role in Public Worship and Teaching
Original: κόσμιος καταστολή / αἰδώς / σωφροσύνη
Category: Public Worship and Prayer
New term (κόσμιος καταστολή / αἰδώς / σωφροσύνη, 2:9). Addresses ancient wealth/status display in worship, not a timeless fashion code; exposition should note this to avoid legalistic over-application and dismissive under-application alike.
Household Of God
Approved rendering: дім Божий
Transliteration: dim Bozhyy
Doctrine: The Church as Pillar of Truth
Original: οἶκος θεοῦ
Category: Church as Pillar of Truth
New term (οἶκος θεοῦ, 3:15), deliberately echoing ἴδιος οἶκος (“one’s own household,” 3:4-5, 3:12). Must track consistently with household above so readers see Paul’s deliberate word-link.
Forbid Marriage Abstain Foods
Approved rendering: забороняють одружуватися / [наказують] стримуватися від їжі
Transliteration: zaboronyayut’ odruzhuvatysya / strymuvatysya vid yizhi
Doctrine: False Asceticism and the Goodness of Creation
Original: κωλυόντων γαμεῖν, ἀπέχεσθαι βρωμάτων
Category: Godliness and Contentment
New term (κωλυόντων γαμεῖν, ἀπέχεσθαι βρωμάτων, 4:3). Both majority Ukrainian traditions maintain positive theologies of fasting (пости); exposition must clarify Paul condemns a specific false teaching treating God-given goods as inherently defiling, not fasting or celibacy as such.
Train For Godliness
Approved rendering: тренуй себе для благочестя
Transliteration: trenuy sebe dlya blahochestya
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: γύμναζε σεαυτὸν πρὸς εὐσέβειαν
Category: Godliness and Contentment
New term (γύμναζε σεαυτὸν πρὸς εὐσέβειαν, 4:7). The athletic-training metaphor itself is low-risk and vivid; godliness carries its own dedicated High-risk profile.
Spiritual Gift Ordination
Approved rendering: дар [благодаті] / пророцтво / покладання рук пресвітерства
Transliteration: dar / prorotstvo / pokladannya ruk presviterstva
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and Ordination to Ministry
Rejected alternatives: хіротонія (avoid as an unqualified equivalent)
Original: χάρισμα, προφητεία, ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν τοῦ πρεσβυτερίου
Category: Church Leadership
New term cluster (χάρισμα, προφητεία, ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν τοῦ πρεσβυτερίου, 4:14). Related to but distinct from the baseline’s plural spiritual_gifts entry. Risks being read through the lens of formal sacramental ordination (хіротонія); describe as a recognized, Spirit-accompanied commissioning without resolving the sacramental-theology question either way.
Double Honor
Approved rendering: подвійна честь
Transliteration: podviyna chest’
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: διπλῆ τιμή
Category: Care for Widows
New term (διπλῆ τιμή, 5:17). The material-compensation reading intersects the church-finances sensitivity already flagged for not_lover_of_money/greedy_for_dishonest_gain; address the compensation question directly rather than resolving it silently toward a purely honorific reading.
Laying On Of Hands
Approved rendering: покладання рук
Transliteration: pokladannya ruk
Doctrine: Spiritual Gifts and Ordination to Ministry
Rejected alternatives: хіротонія (avoid as an unqualified equivalent)
Original: ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν
Category: Church Leadership
New term (ἐπίθεσις τῶν χειρῶν, 4:14; 5:22). Risk of sacramental-ordination overreading; describe as a recognized commissioning act rather than resolving the developed sacramental question.
Good Confession
Approved rendering: добре визнання
Transliteration: dobre vyznannya
Doctrine: Perseverance: The Good Fight of Faith
Original: ὁμολογία (καλή)
Category: Godliness and Contentment
New term (ὁμολογία, 6:12-13). Should be read alongside the baseline’s Romans 10:9 lordship_of_christ entry — both describe a personal, public confessional act, not a private inward sentiment.
King Of Kings Lord Of Lords
Approved rendering: Цар над царями і Господь над господами
Transliteration: Tsar nad tsaryamy i Hospod’ nad hospodamy
Doctrine: Perseverance: The Good Fight of Faith
Original: βασιλεὺς τῶν βασιλευόντων καὶ κύριος τῶν κυριευόντων
Category: God
New term (βασιλεὺς τῶν βασιλευόντων καὶ κύριος τῶν κυριευόντων, 6:15-16). Царський vocabulary carries the baseline’s kingdom_of_god imperial-Russian resonance; doxological/transcendent use here, must be distinguished from any earthly or ecclesial-institutional application.
False Named Knowledge
Approved rendering: лженайменне знання / богопротивні пустослів’я
Transliteration: lzhenaymenne znannya / bohoprotyvni pustoslivya
Doctrine: Guarding the Deposit of Faith
Original: ψευδώνυμος γνῶσις / βέβηλοι κενοφωνίαι
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term (ψευδώνυμος γνῶσις / βέβηλοι κενοφωνίαι, 6:20). Likely referring to nascent Gnostic-influenced teaching; requires a brief historical gloss. No significant contemporary-Ukraine-specific collision beyond the general false-teaching vocabulary treated in Chapter 1.
Low Risk Terms
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: подяка
Transliteration: podyaka
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Occurs at 2:1 (εὐχαριστία, part of the fourfold prayer cluster) and 4:3-4 (receiving food with thanksgiving). No new risk.
Fellowship
Approved rendering: спілкування
Transliteration: spilkuvannya
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: дружба, колектив (avoid Soviet-collective connotation)
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. Not directly used in 1 Timothy; retained for cross-reference and consistency should it be invoked in teaching material on the household of faith.
Exhort
Approved rendering: закликати
Transliteration: zaklykaty
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: παράκλησις
Category: Sound Doctrine
Inherited exactly from the Romans package. παράκλησις occurs at 4:13 (public reading, exhortation, teaching). No new risk.
Sober Minded
Approved rendering: тверезий
Transliteration: tverezyy
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: νηφάλιος
Category: Church Leadership
New term (νηφάλιος, 3:2, 3:11). Standard, unambiguous vocabulary.
Self Controlled
Approved rendering: розсудливий / стриманий
Transliteration: rozsudlyvyy / strymanyy
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: σώφρων
Category: Church Leadership
New term (σώφρων, 3:2). Root shared with σωφροσύνη at 2:9, 2:15; track consistently in exposition.
Respectable Orderly
Approved rendering: поважний / упорядкований
Transliteration: povazhnyy / uporyadkovanyy
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: κόσμιος
Category: Church Leadership
New term (κόσμιος, 3:2). Root shared with κόσμος-derived vocabulary at 2:9.
Hospitable
Approved rendering: гостинний
Transliteration: hostynnyy
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: φιλόξενος
Category: Church Leadership
New term (φιλόξενος, 3:2). Given Ukraine’s massive internal and cross-border displacement since 2022, carries unusually vivid, currently lived resonance — a pastoral teaching opportunity, not a translation risk.
Not Given To Wine
Approved rendering: не пияк
Transliteration: ne pyyak
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: πάροινος
Category: Church Leadership
New term (πάροινος, 3:3). Standard vocabulary, low ambiguity.
Not Violent
Approved rendering: не задерикуватий
Transliteration: ne zaderykuvatyy
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: πλήκτης
Category: Church Leadership
New term (πλήκτης, 3:3). Standard vocabulary, low ambiguity.
Gentle Peaceable
Approved rendering: поблажливий / незадерикуватий
Transliteration: poblazhlyvyy / nezaderykuvatyy
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Rejected alternatives: мирний (avoid for ἄμαχος specifically; risks importing the acute wartime political sense of мир into a purely interpersonal-character qualification)
Original: ἐπιεικής / ἄμαχος
Category: Church Leadership
New term (ἐπιεικής / ἄμαχος, 3:3). «Незадерикуватий» is preferred over a мир-rooted rendering to prevent readers hearing the political sense of «мирний».
Submission
Approved rendering: слухняність
Transliteration: slukhnyanist’
Doctrine: Household and Family Order (including Slaves and Masters)
Original: ὑποταγή
Category: Church Leadership
New term (ὑποταγή, 3:4). Applied narrowly to children’s household obedience, not a general doctrine of authority.
Dignity
Approved rendering: гідність / поважний
Transliteration: hidnist’ / povazhnyy
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: σεμνότης / σεμνός
Category: Church Leadership
New term (σεμνότης / σεμνός, 3:4, 3:8, 3:11; also 2:2). Standard vocabulary, consistent across occurrences.
Recent Convert
Approved rendering: новонавернений
Transliteration: novonavernenyy
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: νεόφυτος
Category: Church Leadership
New term (νεόφυτος, 3:6). Standard vocabulary; source of the English loanword “neophyte.”
Snare
Approved rendering: сітка / пастка
Transliteration: sitka / pastka
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: παγίς
Category: Church Leadership
New term (παγίς, 3:7; reused deliberately at 6:9 for the snare of the desire to be rich). Track the lexical link between 3:7 and 6:9 consistently.
Double Tongued
Approved rendering: дволикий
Transliteration: dvolykyy
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: δίλογος
Category: Church Leadership
New term (δίλογος, 3:8). Standard vocabulary, low ambiguity.
Blameless
Approved rendering: безвинний / без нагани
Transliteration: bezvynnyy / bez nahany
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: ἀνέγκλητος
Category: Church Leadership
New term (ἀνέγκλητος, 3:10). Functionally synonymous with ἀνεπίλημπτος (3:2, above_reproach).
Good Standing
Approved rendering: добре становище / добре ім’я
Transliteration: dobre stanovyshche
Doctrine: Qualifications for Church Leadership (Elders and Deacons)
Original: βαθμὸς καλός
Category: Church Leadership
New term (βαθμὸς καλός, 3:13). Echoes μαρτυρία καλή of 3:7 (good_testimony).
Myths And Genealogies
Approved rendering: байки / безкінечні родоводи
Transliteration: bayky / bezkintsevi rodovody
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: μῦθος / γενεαλογία ἀπέραντος
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term (μῦθος / γενεαλογία ἀπέραντος, 1:4). Historical-background vocabulary, low ambiguity.
Shipwreck Of Faith
Approved rendering: зазнати краху (щодо віри)
Transliteration: zaznaty krakhu
Doctrine: Sound Doctrine versus False Teaching
Original: ναυαγέω
Category: Sound Doctrine
New term (ναυαγέω, 1:19). Vivid metaphor, low ambiguity.
Mercy
Approved rendering: милість
Transliteration: mylist’
Doctrine: Christ as the One Mediator
Original: ἔλεος
Category: God
New term (ἔλεος, 1:2). Standard, uncontested term across all Ukrainian traditions.
Prayers Petitions Intercessions Thanksgivings
Approved rendering: молитви / прошення / подяки
Transliteration: molytvy / proshennya / podyaky
Doctrine: Public Worship and Prayer
Original: προσευχή / δέησις / εὐχαριστία
Category: Public Worship and Prayer
New term cluster (προσευχή / δέησις / εὐχαριστία, 2:1). εὐχαριστία reuses the baseline thanksgiving term exactly; the other two are standard, low-ambiguity vocabulary.
Creature Of God
Approved rendering: Боже створіння
Transliteration: Bozhe stvorinnya
Doctrine: False Asceticism and the Goodness of Creation
Original: κτίσμα θεοῦ
Category: Godliness and Contentment
New term (κτίσμα θεοῦ, 4:4). Standard vocabulary, low ambiguity.
Promise Of Life
Approved rendering: обітниця життя
Transliteration: obitnytsya zhyttya
Doctrine: Godliness and Contentment
Original: ἐπαγγελία ζωῆς
Category: Godliness and Contentment
New term (ἐπαγγελία ζωῆς, 4:8), built on the inherited promise baseline entry. Low-risk, standard vocabulary.
Referenced passages