Core Glossary
Core Glossary — Matthew
This glossary compiles every load-bearing theological term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, spanning Matthew 1-28 and the core passage (5:1-12). Terms already recorded in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked [BASELINE — REUSE EXACTLY] and carry their baseline-recorded Ukrainian rendering and risk tier unchanged; only Matthew-specific contextual notes are added. Terms new to this curriculum are marked [NEW] and are proposed for addition to the extended translation_memory.json prior to Phase 2 processing. All Critical and High risk terms require human theologian review per the baseline’s escalation rules; Medium risk terms require native speaker review; Low risk terms require automated review only, per the baseline’s doctrine_risk_registry.json conventions.
Baseline Terms Reused Exactly (no change)
| Term | Ukrainian | Risk | Doctrine | Matthew Locations | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | Бог | Critical | God | throughout | No change |
| Jesus | Ісус | Critical | Christology | throughout | Never Иисус |
| Christ / Messiah | Христос / Месія | High | Messianic Promise | 1:1, 16:16, 22:42 | Genealogical/evidentiary use in ch.1 |
| Son of God | Син Божий | Critical | Deity/Sonship of Christ | 3:17, 14:33, 16:16, 17:5, 27:40, 27:43, 27:54 | Cross-reference 16:16 and 27:54 for consistency |
| Lord | Господь | Critical | Lordship of Christ | 7:21-22, 12:8, 21:3, 22:44, 25:37 | 12:8 “Lord of the Sabbath” — strong implicit divine claim |
| Father | Отець | High | Adoption / God | 6:9, 6:26, 7:11, 11:27, 28:19 | Lord’s Prayer; Great Commission formula |
| Holy Spirit | Святий Дух | Critical | Sanctification/God | 1:18, 3:11, 3:16, 12:31-32, 28:19 | Never bare/lowercase “дух” |
| Faith | віра | High | Faith | 8:10, 8:26, 9:2, 9:22, 15:28, 17:20 | Includes new sub-term ὀλιγόπιστος |
| Righteousness | праведність | Critical | Righteousness Exceeding Pharisees | 5:6, 5:10, 5:20, 6:1, 6:33 | Matthew’s ethical-conduct nuance must be distinguished from Romans’ forensic nuance in exposition |
| Grace | благодать | Critical | (implicit throughout parables of mercy/reward) | — | Not a frequent explicit term in Matthew; grace-apart-from-works caution still applies to reward language (5:12, 20:1-16) |
| Church | церква | Critical | The Church and Church Discipline | 16:18, 18:17 | Founding NT usage at 16:18; entangled with papal-primacy debate |
| Apostle | апостол | Medium | Apostleship / The Twelve | 10:2 | Commissioning of the Twelve, distinct from Paul’s later contested claim |
| Covenant | завіт | Medium | Davidic Covenant / New Covenant | 26:28 | ”New covenant” names the NT canon itself |
| Resurrection | воскресіння | Medium | Resurrection | 28:6-7 | Culturally rooted via Великдень |
| Called / Calling | покликаний / покликання | High | Divine Calling / Election | 22:14 | Paired with “chosen” (обрання) |
| Election | обрання | High | Judgment; Effectual Calling | 22:14, 24:22, 24:24, 24:31 | Never доля/фатум/карма |
| Sin | гріх | High | Universal Accountability | 1:21, 26:28 | Connects to atonement escalation rule |
| Gentiles / Nations | погани (avoid) / народи (preferred) | High | Great Commission; Unity of Jews/Gentiles | 4:15, 28:19 | 28:19 MUST use народи, never погани |
| Love | любов | High | Greatest Commandment | 5:44, 22:37-39 | Crowded semantic neighborhood; wartime enemy-love sensitivity |
| Peace | мир | Critical | Peace with God (extended) | 10:34 | ”Not peace but a sword” — acute misreading risk in wartime context |
| David | Давид | Low | Davidic Covenant | 1:1, 1:6, 1:17 | Standard proper name |
| Israel | Ізраїль | Low | Unity of Jews and Gentiles | 2:6, 2:20-21, 8:10, 10:6, 15:24, 19:28 | Standard proper name |
| Prophet(s) | пророки | Low | Fulfillment of Prophecy | 5:12, 1:22, 2:5 etc. | Structural fulfillment-formula marker |
| Kingdom of God | Царство Боже | Critical | Kingdom of Heaven (shared referent) | 12:28, 19:24, 21:31, 21:43 | Same referent as Царство Небесне — teach explicitly |
| Intercession | клопотання | Medium | Prayer | 5:44 (“pray for those who persecute you”) | Not заступництво |
New Terms Introduced by Matthew (proposed for translation memory)
| Term (English) | Original (Greek) | Ukrainian | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Key Locations | Grounded Risk Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kingdom of Heaven | βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν | Царство Небесне | Tsarstvo Nebesne | Critical | The Kingdom of Heaven | 3:2, 4:17, 5:3, 5:10, 5:19-20, 13 (7x), 18:1-4, 19:14 | Risk of readers hearing two different realities (Небесне vs. baseline’s Царство Боже) and of “небесне” collapsing into afterlife-only sense, blunting the “already/not yet” force |
| Blessed | μακάριος | блаженний | blazhennyy | High | The Kingdom of Heaven | 5:3-11 | Liturgical over-familiarity (Beatitudes chanted in the Divine Liturgy) may flatten the personal, startling force of the pronouncement |
| Disciple | μαθητής | учень | uchen’ | Medium | Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus | throughout | Everyday “pupil/student” register risks losing costly, total-life allegiance sense |
| Meek | πραΰς | лагідний | lahidnyy | High | The Kingdom of Heaven (Beatitudes) | 5:5, 11:29, 21:5 | Risk of reading as passivity rather than restrained strength/non-self-vindication; acute wartime sensitivity around self-defense |
| Poor in spirit | πτωχὸς τῷ πνεύματι | вбогий духом | vbohyy dukhom | High | The Kingdom of Heaven | 5:3 | вбогий’s colloquial pejorative drift (“pathetic”) must be explicitly fenced |
| Peacemaker | εἰρηνοποιός | миротворець | myrotvorets’ | Critical | The Kingdom of Heaven (Beatitudes) | 5:9 | Live, contested wartime political term (peacekeeping/ceasefire discourse); theological referent must not collapse into political peace debate |
| Persecuted for righteousness | δεδιωγμένος ἕνεκεν δικαιοσύνης | переслідуваний за праведність | peresliduvanyy za pravednist’ | High | Discipleship / Kingdom of Heaven | 5:10-12 | Must be distinguished from general wartime suffering; specific referent is Christlike-conduct-caused persecution |
| Son of David | υἱὸς Δαυίδ | Син Давидів | Syn Davydiv | High | Jesus as Promised Messiah and Son of David | 1:1, 9:27, 12:23, 15:22, 20:30-31, 21:9, 22:42-45 | Requires explicit 2 Samuel 7 Davidic-covenant background |
| Virgin | παρθένος | діва | diva | Critical | Jesus as Promised Messiah (virgin conception) | 1:23 | Entangled with Marian dogmatic apparatus (Приснодіва, Богородиця) beyond the text’s own claim |
| Emmanuel | Ἐμμανουήλ | Еммануїл (“Бог з нами”) | Emmanuil | Medium | Incarnation | 1:23 | Retain Matthew’s own built-in gloss |
| Fulfillment formula | ἵνα πληρωθῇ | щоб сповнилося сказане | shchob spovnylosya skazane | Medium | Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy | 1:22, 2:15/17/23, 4:14, 8:17, 12:17, 13:35, 21:4, 26:56, 27:9 | Render identically at every occurrence per consistency rule |
| Magi / Wise Men | μάγοι | мудреці зі Сходу (exposition) / волхви (citation only) | mudretsi zi Skhodu / volkhvy | High | Fulfillment of Prophecy; Great Commission (Gentile inclusion) | 2:1-12 | волхви’s residual pagan-diviner/folk-occult association; must clarify not forbidden divination |
| Repentance | μετάνοια | покаяння | pokayannya | High | Kingdom of Heaven / Discipleship | 3:2, 3:8, 4:17 | Distinguish comprehensive life-reorientation from sacramental Confession alone |
| Baptism | βάπτισμα / βαπτίζω | хрещення / хрестити | khreshchennya / khrestyty | High | Great Commission | 3:6-16, 28:19 | Distinguish John’s preparatory rite from Trinitarian Great Commission baptism; sacramental-mode sensitivity |
| Temptation | πειρασμός | спокуса | spokusa | Medium | Discipleship | 4:1-11, 6:13 | Distinguish devil’s tempting-to-sin from God’s neutral testing |
| Fulfill (the Law) | πληρόω (of the Law) | сповнити (закон) | spovnyty (zakon) | High | The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching / Law and Grace | 5:17 | Must be read alongside, not flattened into, Galatians’ law/grace argument |
| Righteousness exceeding the Pharisees | δικαιοσύνη πλεῖον | праведність, що перевищує | pravednist’, shcho perevyshchuye | Critical | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | 5:20 | Inherits full Critical righteousness caution plus scribes/Pharisees historical-anchoring caution |
| Scribes and Pharisees | γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι | книжники та фарисеї | knyzhnyky ta faryseyi | High | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | 5:20, 15, 23 | Must be anchored as first-century intra-Jewish dispute; never generalized antisemitically, given Ukraine’s history of antisemitic violence |
| Perfect (mature/whole) | τέλειος | досконалий | doskonalyy | Medium | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | 5:48 | Avoid perfectionistic/anxiety-inducing reading; sense is wholehearted maturity |
| Authority | ἐξουσία | влада | vlada | High | The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching | 7:29, 8:9, 9:6, 9:8, 21:23-27, 28:18 | Live, contested political term (state authority) in wartime Ukraine; must not be read as political commentary |
| Little faith | ὀλιγόπιστος | малої віри | maloyi viry | Medium-High | Faith / Discipleship | 6:30, 8:26, 14:31, 16:8 | Gentle correction within trust relationship, not condemnation |
| Son of Man | υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου | Син Людський | Syn Lyudskyy | High | Jesus as Promised Messiah; Judgment | 8:20, 9:6, 12:8, 16:13-28, 24-26 | Daniel 7 background required; complementary to, not competing with, Son of God |
| Not peace but a sword | οὐ…εἰρήνην ἀλλὰ μάχαιραν | не мир, а меч | ne myr, a mech | Critical | Discipleship | 10:34 | Acute wartime misreading risk; referent is familial/social division, not warfare |
| Lose/find one’s life | ἀπολέσει/εὑρήσει τὴν ψυχήν | втратить/знайде своє життя (душу) | vtratyt’/znayde svoye zhyttya | High | Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus | 10:39, 16:25 | ψυχή = whole-life sense; avoid narrowing to soul-only via душа |
| Easy yoke / rest | ζυγός μου / ἀνάπαυσις | ярмо Моє / спокій | yarmo moye / spokiy | Medium-High | Discipleship | 11:28-30 | Deliberate contrast with Galatians’ “yoke of slavery” — teaching opportunity, not to be flattened identically |
| Blasphemy against the Spirit | βλασφημία εἰς τὸ Πνεῦμα | хула на Духа | khula na Dukha | Critical | Judgment / Holy Spirit | 12:31-32 | Pastoral scrupulosity risk; teach as persistent willful rejection, not momentary doubt |
| Parable | παραβολή | притча | prytcha | Low | Kingdom of Heaven | ch. 13 | Standard, uncontested |
| Mysteries of the Kingdom | μυστήρια τῆς βασιλείας | таємниці Царства | tayemnytsi Tsarstva | Critical | Kingdom of Heaven | 13:11 | Risk of confusion with Тайна/Таїнство (Sacrament) terminology |
| End of the age | συντέλεια τοῦ αἰῶνος | кінець віку | kinets’ viku | High | Judgment and the End of the Age | 13:39-40, 49, 24:3, 28:20 | Distinguish from “end of the world” (cosmic annihilation); age is temporal, not physically total |
| Tradition of the elders | παράδοσις τῶν πρεσβυτέρων | людське передання старійшин | lyudske peredannya stariyshyn | Critical | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | 15:1-9 | Must not read as condemning Передання (Holy Tradition) as a category |
| Church founding statement | οἰκοδομήσω τὴν ἐκκλησίαν | збудую Церкву | zbuduyu Tserkvu | Critical | The Church and Church Discipline | 16:18 | Entangled with East-West papal-primacy debate live in Ukraine’s OCU/UOC/UGCC landscape |
| Keys of the Kingdom / bind and loose | κλεῖδας… δήσῃς… λύσῃς | ключі Царства / зв’язати… розв’язати | klyuchi Tsarstva / zvyazaty… rozvyazaty | Critical | The Church and Church Discipline | 16:19, 18:18 | Directly tied to sacramental-confession/authority claims across traditions |
| Cross (discipleship) | σταυρός (metaphorical) | хрест | khrest | High | Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus | 16:24 | Cultural ubiquity risks flattening into decorative/national symbol |
| Transfiguration | μετεμορφώθη | преобразився / Преображення | preobrazyvsya / Preobrazhennya | Critical | Jesus as Promised Messiah; Deity of Christ | 17:1-8 | Major shared liturgical feast; theosis/uncreated-light theology collision |
| Tell it to the church | εἰπὲ τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ | скажи церкві (громаді) | skazhy tserkvi (hromadi) | Critical | The Church and Church Discipline | 18:15-17 | Must not endorse any one jurisdiction’s disciplinary practice |
| Gathered in my name | συνηγμένοι εἰς τὸ ἐμὸν ὄνομα | зібрані в Моє ім’я | zibrani v Moye im”ya | Medium | The Church | 18:20 | Beloved verse; avoid over-literal small-gathering-only reading |
| Eternal life | ζωὴ αἰώνιος | життя вічне | zhyttya vichne | High | Judgment and the End of the Age | 19:16-29, 25:46 | Qualitative/relational, not merely unending duration |
| Ransom | λύτρον | викуп | vykup | High | Jesus’ Mission / Atonement | 20:28 | Substitutionary, costly sense; connects to baseline atonement escalation rule |
| Hosanna to the Son of David | Ὡσαννά τῷ υἱῷ Δαυίδ | Осанна Сину Давидовому | Osanna Synu Davydovomu | High | Jesus as Promised Messiah and Son of David | 21:9 | Public triumphal acclamation soon followed by rejection — teach the irony |
| Cornerstone | κεφαλὴ γωνίας | наріжний камінь | narizhnyy kamin’ | Medium | Fulfillment of Prophecy | 21:42 | Standard, low ambiguity |
| Many called, few chosen | πολλοὶ κλητοί, ὀλίγοι ἐκλεκτοί | багато покликаних, мало обраних | bahato poklykanykh, malo obranykh | High | Election / Judgment | 22:14 | Requires explicit definition; no developed Orthodox/Greek Catholic parallel |
| Hypocrites | ὑποκριταί | лицеміри | lytsemiry | High | Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees | ch. 23 (7x) | Historically anchor to first-century dispute; never anti-Jewish generalization |
| Abomination of desolation | τὸ βδέλυγμα τῆς ἐρημώσεως | гидота спустошення | hydota spustoshennya | Medium | Judgment and the End of the Age | 24:15 | Interpretive-timeline complexity; teach with humility across preterist/futurist views |
| Coming (Parousia) of the Son of Man | παρουσία τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου | прихід Сина Людського | prykhid Syna Lyudskoho | High | Judgment and the End of the Age | 24:27-39 | Never явлення (reserved-rejected term, avoid collision with incarnation); must be public/visible, not secret |
| This generation | ταύτη ἡ γενεά | цей рід / це покоління | tsey rid / tse pokolinnya | Medium | Judgment and the End of the Age | 24:34 | Interpretively humble exposition required |
| Talents (parable) | τάλαντα | таланти | talanty | Medium | Judgment; Discipleship | 25:14-30 | False-friend risk (natural ability vs. entrusted resources), echoes baseline’s rejected талан |
| Least of these my brothers | οἱ ἀδελφοί μου οἱ ἐλάχιστοι | найменші брати Мої | naymenshi braty Moyi | Medium-High | Judgment and the End of the Age | 25:40-45 | Strong wartime humanitarian-ministry resonance; retain judgment-context weight |
| Eternal punishment | κόλασις αἰώνιος | вічна кара | vichna kara | Critical | Judgment and the End of the Age | 25:46 | Grammatically parallel to “eternal life” — same permanence; do not soften |
| Gehenna | γέεννα | геєна | heyena | Critical | Judgment and the End of the Age | 5:22, 29-30, 10:28, 18:9, 23:15, 23:33 | Avoid пекло’s folk-devotional “Страшний Суд” imagery overlay |
| New covenant | καινὴ διαθήκη | новий завіт | novyy zavit | Critical | The Great Commission / Atonement | 26:28 | Eucharistic sacramental-theology sensitivity across all three traditions |
| Forgiveness of sins (institution) | εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν | на прощення гріхів | na proshchennya hrikhiv | High | Atonement | 26:28 | Connects to baseline atonement escalation rule |
| Cry of dereliction | Θεέ μου, Θεέ μου… | Боже Мій, Боже Мій, чому Ти Мене покинув? | Bozhe Miy, Bozhe Miy… | High | Jesus’ Passion | 27:46 | Must match Psalm 22 citation exactly; explain without implying Trinity was divided |
| Worship (proskyneō) | προσκυνέω | поклонятися | poklonyatysya | Medium-High | Deity of Christ; Resurrection | 2:11, 8:2, 28:9, 28:17 | Disambiguate respectful-obeisance sense from full divine-worship sense by context |
| All authority given | πᾶσα ἐξουσία | вся влада | vsya vlada | High | The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching | 28:18 | Climactic, universal-scope statement; connect explicitly to 7:29, 9:6 |
| Make disciples of all nations | μαθητεύσατε πάντα τὰ ἔθνη | зробіть учнями всі народи | zrobit’ uchnyamy vsi narody | Critical | The Great Commission | 28:19 | ἔθνη = народи, never погани; μαθητεύσατε = зробіть учнями, not a weaker “tell” |
| Trinitarian baptismal formula | εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Πατρὸς… | в ім’я Отця, і Сина, і Святого Духа | v im”ya Ottsya, i Syna, i Svyatoho Dukha | Critical | The Great Commission | 28:19 | Rare point of full cross-traditional doctrinal unity — name this explicitly in exposition |
| Teaching to observe all I commanded | διδάσκοντες…τηρεῖν | навчаючи виконувати | navchayuchy vykonuvaty | High | Great Commission / Obedience of Faith | 28:20 | Obedience flows from discipleship, not a return to legalistic checklist |
| I am with you always | ἐγὼ μεθ’ ὑμῶν εἰμι… | Я з вами повсякдень… | Ya z vamy povsyakden’… | High | The Great Commission | 28:20 | Warm, hope-affirming pastoral tone; closing bookend with “end of the age” |
Risk Tier Summary (Matthew-specific new terms)
| Risk Tier | Count | Review Routing |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | 15 | Human theologian (mandatory, every occurrence) |
| High | 20 | Human theologian |
| Medium | 9 | Native speaker review |
| Low | 1 | Automated review |
Cross-Reference Notes for Phase 2
- Kingdom of Heaven / Kingdom of God: teach explicitly, at first occurrence, that Царство Небесне (Matthew’s characteristic usage) and Царство Боже (baseline’s established Romans term, and Matthew’s own occasional usage at 12:28, 19:24, 21:31, 21:43) name the identical reality. Do not allow readers to infer two different doctrines from the two phrases.
- Son of David / Son of Man / Son of God: three distinct, complementary (not competing) Christological titles; each requires its own background (Davidic covenant; Daniel 7; Nicene sonship) and must not be flattened into synonyms nor treated as contradictory claims about Jesus’ nature.
- Righteousness (Matthew’s ethical sense vs. Romans’ forensic sense): both true and complementary; Matthew’s δικαιοσύνη в exposition should note the lived/ethical emphasis without contradicting or replacing the baseline’s Critical forensic/imputed-righteousness treatment of the same underlying Greek word in Romans.
- All ecclesiology-adjacent Critical terms (church, keys/bind-loose, tell it to the church, tradition of the elders, transfiguration, new covenant): route to human theologian review with explicit instruction to maintain jurisdictional neutrality among OCU, UOC, and UGCC, per the baseline’s existing “church_as_gods_people” doctrine entry.
- All wartime-adjacent High/Critical terms (peacemakers, not-peace-but-a-sword, authority, least of these my brothers, Gehenna vs. пекло, eternal punishment): route to human theologian review with explicit instruction to distinguish the text’s theological referent from the live political/military discourse of the same vocabulary in contemporary Ukraine, following the pattern the baseline already establishes for мир, влада (via Romans 13), and усиновлення.
This glossary extends, and must be loaded alongside, the baseline translation_memory.json, bible_term_registry.json, and doctrine_risk_registry.json. All new terms above are proposed for formal addition to translation_memory.json prior to Phase 2 Step 16 segment translation, per the escalation and versioning procedure in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
Critical Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: благодать
Transliteration: blahodat’
Doctrine: Grace
Rejected alternatives: милість, талан, щастя
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. The explicit noun is rare in Matthew, but the grace-apart-from-works pattern underlies 5:3’s ‘poor in spirit’ and the Laborers in the Vineyard (20:1-16); the three-tradition grace tension applies wherever wage/reward (μισθός) language could be misheard as earned merit.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: праведність
Transliteration: pravednist’
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Rejected alternatives: справедливість, чесність
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package (translation/transliteration unchanged); risk tier elevated from the Romans TM’s ‘High’ to ‘Critical’ for this curriculum, matching assets/bible_term_registry.json and the doctrine_risk_registry.json’s Critical tier for ‘Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees.’ Matthew carries a distinctive ethical-conduct emphasis (5:6, 5:10, 5:20, 6:1, 6:33) alongside Romans’ forensic/imputed sense; must be taught as two complementary facets of one Ukrainian word (declared righteousness → lived righteousness), never as contradictory senses.
Salvation
Approved rendering: спасіння
Transliteration: spasinnya
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: визволення, рятування (too generic, ‘rescue’)
Original: σῴζω / σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. ‘He will save his people from their sins’ (1:21) ties salvation to Jesus’ own name-etymology; also used of physical rescue (8:25, 14:30) and ‘who then can be saved?’ (19:25) — must not collapse into this-worldly danger-rescue alone for wartime readers whose first association may be physical safety.
Lord
Approved rendering: Господь
Transliteration: Hospod’
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: хазяїн, владика (reserve for liturgical/poetic register only)
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. ‘Lord of the Sabbath’ (12:8) and the repeated ‘Lord, Lord’ address (7:21-22, where verbal confession without obedience is explicitly rejected) sharpen the baseline’s caution that Господь can sound like a recited liturgical formula rather than genuine allegiance.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: Син Божий
Transliteration: Syn Bozhyy
Doctrine: Deity of Christ / Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: божественний посланець
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Confessed at the baptism (3:17), Peter’s confession (16:16), the Transfiguration (17:5), and the centurion at the cross (27:54) — four structurally paired occurrences requiring exact rendering consistency across the whole book.
Peace
Approved rendering: мир
Transliteration: myr
Doctrine: Peace with God / Peace, Division, and the Cost of Allegiance to Christ
Rejected alternatives: спокій, затишшя
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. ‘I have not come to bring peace, but a sword’ (10:34) inverts the expected sense; read against the already-Critical wartime мир sensitivity, this risks being misheard as endorsing conflict, when the actual referent is familial division caused by allegiance to Christ, not warfare. See not_peace_but_sword below.
Church
Approved rendering: церква
Transliteration: tserkva
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline
Rejected alternatives: храм, громада (acceptable for local congregation emphasis)
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 16:18 is the New Testament’s first application of this word to the Christian community, directly entangled with the East-West papal-primacy debate running through Ukraine’s OCU/UOC/UGCC landscape; 18:17-20 supplies the discipline process. Use громада to sidestep jurisdictional questions where useful.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: Царство Боже
Transliteration: Tsarstvo Bozhe
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven
Rejected alternatives: держава Божа
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package (translation/transliteration unchanged); risk tier elevated from the Romans TM’s ‘High’ to ‘Critical’ for this curriculum, matching assets/bible_term_registry.json. Matthew uses this shorter form at 12:28, 19:24, 21:31, 21:43 alongside his usual circumlocution Царство Небесне (see kingdom_of_heaven below); the two phrases MUST be taught as the identical reality at first occurrence, or readers may infer two distinct doctrines.
Jesus
Approved rendering: Ісус
Transliteration: Isus
Doctrine: Christology
Rejected alternatives: Иисус (Russian spelling, never use)
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Never Иисус; always Ісус, per the baseline’s forbidden-substitution rule.
God
Approved rendering: Бог
Transliteration: Boh
Doctrine: God
Rejected alternatives: Всевишній (acceptable poetic synonym only)
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package (translation/transliteration unchanged); risk tier set to ‘Critical’ for consistency with assets/bible_term_registry.json (both Romans and Matthew) even though the Romans TM alone had recorded ‘Medium.’ No change to rendering.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Святий Дух
Transliteration: Svyatyy Dukh
Doctrine: Sanctification / Blasphemy Against the Holy Spirit
Rejected alternatives: дух (never use alone), енергія
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Appears at 1:18, 20 (virgin conception), 3:11, 16 (baptism), 12:31-32 (unforgivable blasphemy), and 28:19 (baptismal formula) — the highest-density cluster of this term across any book yet documented in this Language Package. Never bare/lowercase дух.
Works Of The Law
Approved rendering: діла закону
Transliteration: dila zakonu
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Rejected alternatives: добрі справи (too broad, would read as morality generally)
Inherited from the Galatians extension of the Romans package, unchanged. Relevant as cross-reference background for Matthew’s own ‘fulfill the law’ (5:17) and ‘tradition of the elders’ (15:1-9) material; the same fencing against colliding with обряд-positive Orthodox/Greek Catholic piety applies here.
Flesh
Approved rendering: тіло
Transliteration: tilo
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Rejected alternatives: плоть (acceptable only in elevated/poetic register)
Inherited from the Galatians extension of the Romans package, unchanged. Matthew’s own usage (‘the spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak,’ 26:41) is the neutral/weakness sense rather than the Galatians ethical sense; retain the baseline’s mandatory σῶμα/σάρξ disambiguation discipline regardless of which sense is active.
Kingdom Of Heaven
Approved rendering: Царство Небесне
Transliteration: Tsarstvo Nebesne
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven
Rejected alternatives: небесна держава, рай (never use — collapses the present/coming reign into a purely afterlife destination)
Original: βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν
Category: Kingdom
NEW TERM. Matthew’s characteristic circumlocution for God’s sovereign reign (c. 32 occurrences: 3:2; 4:17; 5:3-10; 13; 18:1-4; 19:14; 25). Distinct in wording but identical in referent to kingdom_of_god above; MUST be taught as the same reality at first occurrence (5:3), or Ukrainian readers moving between Romans and Matthew materials in this curriculum may infer two doctrines. ‘Небесне’ carries strong exclusively-future/afterlife connotations in ordinary Ukrainian religious speech, risking a purely future-only reading that blunts Matthew’s repeated ‘already breaking in’ emphasis (4:17; 12:28). Human theologian review mandatory for every occurrence in Sermon on the Mount and parable material.
Peacemaker
Approved rendering: миротворець
Transliteration: myrotvorets’
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven (Beatitudes) / Peace, Division, and the Cost of Allegiance to Christ
Rejected alternatives: той, хто примирює (acceptable descriptive gloss only)
Original: εἰρηνοποιός
Category: Kingdom
NEW TERM (core passage, 5:9). Live, contested wartime political term since 2022 (international peacekeeping forces, ceasefire negotiations, public suspicion toward voices urging negotiated ‘peace’ perceived as premature capitulation). Jesus’ beatitude — active, interpersonal, relational reconciliation flowing from peace with God — must not be read as, nor allowed to be co-opted as, commentary on the wartime political peace-versus-resistance debate. Human theologian review MANDATORY for every occurrence.
Virgin
Approved rendering: діва
Transliteration: diva
Doctrine: Incarnation and the Virgin Conception
Rejected alternatives: непорочна (imprecise gloss, avoid as a stand-alone substitute)
Original: παρθένος
Category: Christology
NEW TERM (1:23, citing Isaiah 7:14). Lexically unambiguous, but entangled with the elaborated Marian dogmatic apparatus shared by the Orthodox and Greek Catholic traditions (Приснодіва/Ever-Virgin, Богородиця/Theotokos, intercessory devotion) beyond what Matthew 1:23 itself asserts. Must state Matthew’s own precise claim (historical, prophecy-fulfilling miracle establishing Christ’s unique origin) without either flattening Mary’s significance or silently importing the fuller dogmatic framework. Human theologian review MANDATORY for every occurrence in Matthew 1 material.
Righteousness Exceeding Pharisees Phrase
Approved rendering: праведність, що перевищує [книжників і фарисеїв]
Transliteration: pravednist’, shcho perevyshchuye
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Original: δικαιοσύνη ὑμῶν πλεῖον τῶν γραμματέων καὶ Φαρισαίων
Category: Salvation
NEW TERM naming the curriculum’s doctrine directly (5:20). Inherits the full Critical caution of righteousness above plus the historical-anchoring caution required for scribes_and_pharisees below. Human theologian review mandatory.
Not Peace But Sword
Approved rendering: не мир, а меч
Transliteration: ne myr, a mech
Doctrine: Peace, Division, and the Cost of Allegiance to Christ
Original: οὐκ ἦλθον βαλεῖν εἰρήνην ἀλλὰ μάχαιραν
Category: Salvation
NEW TERM (10:34). Read against the already-Critical wartime мир sensitivity, this saying risks being badly misheard as endorsing armed conflict or opposing peace-seeking as such. The actual referent is the social/familial division discipleship to Christ can provoke (10:35-37), not a statement about warfare or the current war. Human theologian review MANDATORY.
Blasphemy Against Spirit
Approved rendering: хула на Духа
Transliteration: khula na Dukha
Doctrine: Blasphemy Against the Holy Spirit
Original: βλασφημία εἰς τὸ Πνεῦμα
Category: Sin
NEW TERM (12:31-32). One of the most pastorally sensitive statements in the Gospel; must be taught as persistent, willful rejection of the Spirit’s witness to Christ, not a single blasphemous utterance or momentary doubt, to prevent readers with scrupulous conscience — a risk intensified by acute wartime anxiety and moral distress — from wrongly fearing they have committed this specific sin. Human theologian review MANDATORY.
Mysteries Of The Kingdom
Approved rendering: таємниці Царства
Transliteration: tayemnytsi Tsarstva
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven / Teaching the Kingdom through Parables
Original: μυστήρια τῆς βασιλείας
Category: Kingdom
NEW TERM (13:11). The cognate Тайна/Таїнство is the standard Orthodox/Greek Catholic word for ‘Sacrament’ (the Seven Holy Mysteries); a reader from either tradition could easily, and wrongly, hear this as sacramental rites rather than Jesus’ own sense of previously-hidden revealed truth. Must be explicitly fenced in exposition. Human theologian review MANDATORY.
Tradition Of The Elders
Approved rendering: людське передання старійшин
Transliteration: lyudske peredannya stariyshyn
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Rejected alternatives: Передання (bare, unqualified — never use, risks condemning Holy Tradition as a category)
Original: παράδοσις τῶν πρεσβυτέρων
Category: Covenant
NEW TERM (15:1-9). Передання (Holy Tradition) is a core, positively-regarded category for both the Orthodox and Greek Catholic traditions. A careless rendering risks Jesus being heard as condemning Holy Tradition itself, rather than his actual, narrower target: specific human legal rulings (e.g. korban vow-traditions, 15:5-6) circumventing God’s commandment. Use the expanded, qualified phrase to keep the target visibly narrow. Human theologian review MANDATORY for every occurrence in ch.15 and the parallel material in ch.23.
Church Founding Statement
Approved rendering: збудую Церкву
Transliteration: zbuduyu Tserkvu
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline
Original: οἰκοδομήσω τὴν ἐκκλησίαν
Category: Church
NEW TERM (16:18). The New Testament’s very first application of ἐκκλησία to the Christian community; a primary proof-text in the East-West papal-primacy debate running directly through Ukraine’s OCU/UOC/UGCC landscape. Must present the verse’s plain sense (Christ himself builds and secures his church) without adjudicating or appearing to adjudicate the historical papal-primacy debate. Human theologian review MANDATORY.
Keys And Binding Loosing
Approved rendering: ключі Царства Небесного / зв’яжеш… розв’яжеш
Transliteration: klyuchi Tsarstva / zvyazaty… rozvyazaty
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline
Original: κλεῖδας τῆς βασιλείας… δήσῃς… λύσῃς
Category: Church
NEW TERM (16:19; 18:18). Directly and unavoidably entangled with the papal-primacy question above — the historical biblical warrant for claims about Petrine and episcopal authority to forgive sins, exercised sacramentally in Confession across both the Orthodox and Greek Catholic traditions. The plural form at 18:18 broadens the referent to the gathered community without resolving, or being taught to resolve, the ch.16 question. Human theologian review MANDATORY for every occurrence.
Transfiguration Term
Approved rendering: преобразився / Преображення
Transliteration: preobrazyvsya / Preobrazhennya
Doctrine: The Transfiguration
Original: μετεμορφώθη
Category: Christology
NEW TERM (17:1-8). Names one of the Twelve Great Feasts of the liturgical year (Преображення Господнє), deeply tied to Palamite uncreated-light theology (the ‘Tabor light’), already flagged as the source of sensitive Orthodox-specific vocabulary around divine ‘energies.’ This rich devotional association is a genuine cultural asset but must not import a fuller theosis-based interpretive framework beyond what Matthew’s own narrative claims: a temporary revelatory disclosure to three witnesses confirming Jesus’ identity before the Passion. Human theologian review MANDATORY.
Tell It To The Church
Approved rendering: скажи церкві (громаді)
Transliteration: skazhy tserkvi (hromadi)
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline
Original: εἰπὲ τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ
Category: Church
NEW TERM (18:15-17). Together with church_founding_statement above, the founding textual basis for this doctrine. Must be framed as local congregational/церква practice applicable within any faithful local церква or громада, never as an implicit endorsement of any one Ukrainian ecclesial jurisdiction’s formal disciplinary or excommunication procedures, paralleling the baseline’s existing anathema caution. Human theologian review MANDATORY.
Eternal Punishment
Approved rendering: вічна кара
Transliteration: vichna kara
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Rejected alternatives: вічне покарання (acceptable synonym, keep register consistent with вічна кара once chosen)
Original: κόλασιν αἰώνιον
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM (25:46). This verse is the Gospel’s starkest final-judgment statement, deliberately pairing eternal punishment against eternal life using the identical Greek adjective αἰώνιος for both — a signal that both states share the same permanence, often lost if the Ukrainian renderings drift apart in register or intensity. Warrants the same mandatory theologian review the baseline requires for atonement and election language.
Gehenna
Approved rendering: геєна
Transliteration: heyena
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Rejected alternatives: пекло (never use as the primary rendering — imports dense, partly extra-biblical folk-devotional ‘Страшний Суд’ imagery)
Original: γέεννα
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM (5:22,29-30; 10:28; 18:9; 23:15,33). The established Ohienko transliteration is preferred over пекло, which carries extremely vivid folk-devotional iconographic imagery (the Last Judgment tradition found in many village churches, drawn substantially from post-biblical folk tradition and Dante-influenced imagery rather than γέεννα’s own historically-rooted sense). Human theologian review MANDATORY for every occurrence.
New Covenant
Approved rendering: новий завіт
Transliteration: novyy zavit
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper and the New Covenant
Original: καινὴ διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
NEW compound term (26:28, echoing Jeremiah 31:31). The direct scriptural origin of the name of the entire New Testament canon in Ukrainian (Новий Завіт) — a significant asset for cultural rooting. Simultaneously the Eucharistic institution narrative; each of Ukraine’s traditions holds a distinct sacramental theology of the Eucharist. State the text’s own words plainly without adjudicating the wider sacramental-theology debate the text does not itself resolve. Human theologian review MANDATORY.
Make Disciples Of All Nations
Approved rendering: зробіть учнями всі народи
Transliteration: zrobit’ uchnyamy vsi narody
Doctrine: The Great Commission
Rejected alternatives: навчіть усі народи (too weak — understates the comprehensive, ongoing μαθητεύω sense)
Original: μαθητεύσατε πάντα τὰ ἔθνη
Category: Church
NEW TERM (28:19), closing the entire Gospel and founding the doctrine of The Great Commission. Render ἔθνη as народи, never погани, per the baseline’s explicit instruction; render μαθητεύσατε as зробіть учнями (comprehensive, ongoing formational process), connecting explicitly back to disciple above so the Great Commission and Discipleship are taught as one reality, not two. Human theologian review MANDATORY, extending the baseline’s existing mission doctrine escalation rule to this, its founding text.
Trinitarian Baptismal Formula
Approved rendering: в ім’я Отця, і Сина, і Святого Духа
Transliteration: v im”ya Ottsya, i Syna, i Svyatoho Dukha
Doctrine: The Great Commission / Baptism
Original: εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Πατρὸς καὶ τοῦ Υἱοῦ καὶ τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος
Category: God
NEW TERM (28:19), combining Father/Son/Holy Spirit baseline risks with the baptism entry above. By contrast with the sacramental-mode debates flagged elsewhere, this formula is genuinely shared, uncontested common ground across Orthodox, Greek Catholic, and Protestant traditions alike — worth naming explicitly as such in exposition, in deliberate contrast to the mode-and-timing debates noted at ch.3.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: Євангеліє
Transliteration: Yevanheliye
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: добра звістка (acceptable as an explanatory gloss only)
Original: εὐαγγέλιον
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Matthew-specific: appears as ‘gospel of the kingdom’ (4:23; 9:35; 24:14) and ‘this gospel’ (26:13), directly binding the term to the Kingdom of Heaven doctrine’s proclamation dimension, not merely a book title.
Faith
Approved rendering: віра
Transliteration: vira
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: довіра, переконання
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Commended in the centurion (8:10) and the Canaanite woman (15:28); gently corrected in the Matthew-unique compound ὀλιγόπιστος (‘little faith’), see little_faith below. The baseline’s confessional-identity risk (віра as denominational affiliation) applies equally in narrative settings.
Called
Approved rendering: покликаний
Transliteration: poklykanyy
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: запрошений
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Paired with ‘chosen’ (обраний) at 22:14 — ‘many are called, but few are chosen’ — intensifying the baseline’s caution that Reformed-adjacent election categories require explicit definition, since no developed parallel exists in Orthodox/Greek Catholic soteriology.
Calling
Approved rendering: покликання
Transliteration: poklykannya
Doctrine: Divine Calling
Rejected alternatives: призначення
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. No significant Matthew-specific addition beyond the ‘called’ entry’s context above.
Holy
Approved rendering: святий
Transliteration: svyatyy
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: чистий, непорочний
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used of the ‘holy city’ (4:5; 27:53), ‘holy things’ (7:6), and centrally in Святий Дух; the underlying set-apart sense must not collapse into ritual purity alone, given Jesus’ own inner/outer distinction (15:1-20; 23:25-26).
Law
Approved rendering: закон
Transliteration: zakon
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Prophecy / The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Rejected alternatives: правило, заповідь (reserve for individual commandments)
Original: νόμος
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package (translation/transliteration unchanged); risk tier elevated from the Romans TM’s ‘Medium’ to ‘High’ for this curriculum, matching assets/bible_term_registry.json. 5:17-19 (‘I have not come to abolish the Law… but to fulfill it’) and 22:36-40 (the Law summarized in love) require careful handling alongside the Galatians extension’s Critical Law-and-Grace doctrine, without flattening either book’s distinct emphasis.
Sin
Approved rendering: гріх
Transliteration: hrikh
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: помилка, провина
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 1:21 ties Jesus’ name/mission to saving ‘his people from their sins’; 26:28’s Eucharistic ‘forgiveness of sins’ directly connects to the baseline’s atonement escalation rule.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: погани (уникати) / народи (перевага)
Transliteration: pohany / narody
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles / The Great Commission
Rejected alternatives: чужинці
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. The Great Commission’s climactic ‘all nations’ (28:19) MUST use народи, never погани, given the latter’s derogatory colloquial drift (‘bad/wicked people’).
Election
Approved rendering: обрання
Transliteration: obrannya
Doctrine: Election: Many Called, Few Chosen
Rejected alternatives: доля, фатум, приречення (use only with careful qualification)
Original: ἐκλεκτός / ἐκλογή
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Paired with ‘called’ at 22:14 and repeated three times in the Olivet Discourse regarding ‘the elect’ (24:22, 24, 31); never доля/фатум/карма, per the baseline’s existing forbidden-substitution rule.
Mission
Approved rendering: місія / благовістя
Transliteration: misiya / blahovistya
Doctrine: The Great Commission
Rejected alternatives: пропаганда (never use)
Original: ἀποστολή / πέμπω / μαθητεύω
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. The Great Commission (28:18-20) is this doctrine’s founding New Testament text; the baseline’s wartime chaplaincy sensitivity applies with full force.
Father
Approved rendering: Отець
Transliteration: Otets’
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family / God
Rejected alternatives: батюшка (never use for God the Father)
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Central to the Lord’s Prayer (6:9) and the Great Commission’s baptismal formula (28:19); ‘call no man your father’ (23:9) targets religious status-seeking specifically, not filial or pastoral address as such — must not be read as a blanket prohibition.
Obedience Of Faith
Approved rendering: послух віри
Transliteration: poslukh viry
Doctrine: Obedience of Faith / The Great Commission
Rejected alternatives: релігійний обов’язок, дотримання обрядів
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Extends into the Great Commission’s closing charge (‘teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you,’ 28:20; see teaching_to_observe below) — obedience flowing from and following discipleship/baptism, not a separate meritorious system.
Promise
Approved rendering: обітниця
Transliteration: obitnytsya
Doctrine: The Abrahamic and Davidic Covenants
Inherited from the Galatians extension of the Romans package, unchanged. Underlies Matthew’s Davidic-covenant argument (1:1-17; 22:41-45) and the messianic-fulfillment framework generally; requires the same OT covenant-chronology background the baseline already flags as often missing for liturgical-excerpt-formed readers.
Yoke Of Slavery
Approved rendering: ярмо рабства
Transliteration: yarmo rabstva
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Inherited from the Galatians extension of the Romans package, unchanged. Deliberately contrasted with Matthew’s ‘my yoke is easy’ (11:28-30, see easy_yoke below); translators must not use identical phrasing for both yokes, or Scripture’s own deliberate contrast is erased.
Love
Approved rendering: любов
Transliteration: lyubov
Doctrine: The Greatest Commandment
Inherited from the Galatians extension of the Romans package, unchanged. Matthew 5:44 (love your enemies) and 22:37-39 (the Greatest Commandment) both require explicit definition as committed active good, not sentiment; 5:44’s enemy-love command carries acute, live pastoral weight amid the current war and must not be either weaponized or flattened.
Blessed
Approved rendering: блаженний
Transliteration: blazhennyy
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven (Beatitudes)
Rejected alternatives: щасливий (too shallow — ‘happy/lucky’)
Original: μακάριος
Category: Kingdom
NEW TERM (core passage, 5:3-11). Matches the Ohienko rendering and is chanted liturgically in both the OCU/UOC and UGCC Divine Liturgy’s Beatitudes antiphon. This over-familiarity is simultaneously an asset (instant recognition) and a risk: readers may hear a memorized liturgical formula rather than Jesus’ own startling, personal pronouncement of favored status under the in-breaking kingdom. Human theologian review recommended given the doctrine’s programmatic weight.
Meek
Approved rendering: лагідний
Transliteration: lahidnyy
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven (Beatitudes)
Rejected alternatives: смиренний (false friend — leans toward ‘humbled/submissive,’ closer to ταπεινός)
Original: πραΰς
Category: Kingdom
NEW TERM (core passage, 5:5; also 11:29; 21:5). Risk of reading as a merely soft, passive personality trait rather than Matthew’s sense of restrained strength and deliberate non-self-vindication; carries acute, live weight for a wartime readership weighing questions of self-defense and vindication. Human theologian review recommended.
Poor In Spirit
Approved rendering: вбогий духом
Transliteration: vbohyy dukhom
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven (Beatitudes)
Rejected alternatives: бідний духом (less established than Ohienko’s вбогий)
Original: πτωχὸς τῷ πνεύματι
Category: Kingdom
NEW TERM (core passage, 5:3). Ohienko’s own established phrase; вбогий carries a colloquial pejorative drift (‘pathetic/wretched’) unrelated to the text’s sense of recognized spiritual dependence on God, not literal or figurative inferiority. Must be explicitly glossed.
Persecuted For Righteousness
Approved rendering: переслідуваний за праведність
Transliteration: peresliduvanyy za pravednist’
Doctrine: The Kingdom of Heaven (Beatitudes) / Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: δεδιωγμένος ἕνεκεν δικαιοσύνης
Category: Kingdom
NEW TERM (core passage, 5:10-12). Readers under active wartime persecution, displacement, and loss may rightly apply this verse to present suffering, but the specific referent is suffering caused by righteous/Christlike conduct and allegiance to Jesus, not suffering in general (including from war or injustice as such). Human theologian review recommended.
Son Of David
Approved rendering: Син Давидів
Transliteration: Syn Davydiv
Doctrine: Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David
Original: υἱὸς Δαυίδ
Category: Christology
NEW TERM, extending seed_of_david above (1:1; 9:27; 12:23; 15:22; 20:30-31; 21:9; 22:41-45). Requires explicit 2 Samuel 7 Davidic-covenant background for readers formed primarily by liturgical excerpts. Native speaker review recommended; theologian review where the title functions as a direct messianic confession (e.g. 21:9’s ‘Hosanna to the Son of David’, see hosanna_son_of_david below).
Magi
Approved rendering: мудреці зі Сходу (exposition) / волхви (citation only)
Transliteration: mudretsi zi Skhodu / volkhvy
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in Matthew
Original: μάγοι
Category: Church
NEW TERM (2:1-12). The traditional liturgical rendering волхви carries a grounded risk: волхви were the actual pre-Christian pagan priest-diviners of Kyivan Rus’, and post-Soviet folk-psychic culture (ворожбити, екстрасенси, already flagged in the baseline) could color волхви with residual occult associations. Use мудреці зі Сходу for exposition; reserve волхви for direct Scripture-citation register only, with explicit clarification that these were not practitioners of forbidden divination. Native speaker review required.
Repentance
Approved rendering: покаяння
Transliteration: pokayannya
Doctrine: Repentance and the Call of the Kingdom
Original: μετάνοια
Category: Kingdom
NEW TERM (3:2, 3:8, 4:17). Deeply established across all three living Ukrainian traditions, but in Orthodox and Greek Catholic sacramental theology it names specifically the Sacrament of Confession (Таїнство покаяння), a discrete ritual act. John’s and Jesus’ call is a comprehensive, ongoing reorientation of life, not only a sacramental transaction — must be explicitly distinguished, paralleling the baseline’s discipline for освячення’s collision with ritual object-blessing. Human theologian review recommended.
Baptism
Approved rendering: хрещення / хрестити
Transliteration: khreshchennya / khrestyty
Doctrine: Baptism: John’s Rite and the Great Commission’s Rite
Original: βάπτισμα / βαπτίζω
Category: Church
NEW TERM (3:6-16; 28:19). Carries heavy sacramental freight (infant baptism and sacramental regeneration in Orthodox/Greek Catholic practice versus believer’s baptism in Protestant/Evangelical practice). John’s preparatory, repentance-signifying rite and the Great Commission’s Trinitarian incorporation-rite must be distinguished from each other without either passage’s meaning being flattened into the other, nor the mode/timing debate silently resolved by translation choice. Human theologian review recommended for both occurrences.
Fulfill The Law
Approved rendering: сповнити (закон)
Transliteration: spovnyty (zakon)
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Original: πληρῶσαι (of the Law)
Category: Covenant
NEW TERM (5:17, sense distinct from the ch.1-2 fulfillment formula). Must be read alongside, not flattened into, the Galatians extension’s Critical Law-and-Grace doctrine: Matthew’s emphasis is the Law’s abiding moral substance fulfilled and intensified in Jesus’ teaching; Galatians’ emphasis is that the Law’s boundary-marking works are not the basis of justification. Human theologian review recommended to keep these distinct emphases from being harmonized simplistically in either direction.
Scribes And Pharisees
Approved rendering: книжники та фарисеї
Transliteration: knyzhnyky ta faryseyi
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Original: γραμματεῖς καὶ Φαρισαῖοι
Category: Church
NEW TERM (5:20; ch.15; ch.23). Lexically clear, but given Ukraine’s history of antisemitic violence (pogroms, Babyn Yar, already flagged Critical/High in the baseline’s Unity of Jews and Gentiles doctrine), Jesus’ polemic against these specific first-century figures must be explicitly anchored as an intra-Jewish dispute, never generalized into an anti-Jewish trope. Human theologian review MANDATORY for all ‘woes’ material (ch. 23) and all Pharisee-conflict material throughout the Gospel.
Authority
Approved rendering: влада
Transliteration: vlada
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: Christology
NEW TERM naming the curriculum’s doctrine directly (7:28-29; 8:9; 9:6,8; 21:23-27; 28:18). влада is also the ordinary Ukrainian word for ‘the authorities/the government’ — an intensely live, contested term in current wartime governance and martial-law discourse. Jesus’ self-authenticating teaching authority and universal authority (28:18) must not be read as commentary on contemporary state authority, extending the baseline’s existing Romans 13 caution. Human theologian review recommended.
Son Of Man
Approved rendering: Син Людський
Transliteration: Syn Lyudskyy
Doctrine: Deity of Christ and the Complementary Titles Son of God / Son of Man
Rejected alternatives: людський посланець (too weak, loses the Daniel 7 exaltation claim)
Original: υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
Category: Christology
NEW TERM (8:20; 9:6; 12:8; 16:13-28; ch.24-26). The Ohienko rendering risks being heard as a merely humble, self-effacing title (‘a human being’) by readers unaware of the Daniel 7:13-14 background, thereby losing the title’s simultaneous claim to divine authority and eschatological glory. Must be explicitly distinguished from, yet held complementary to, Son of God. Human theologian review recommended at first occurrence and at ch. 24-26 usages.
Lose Find Life
Approved rendering: втратить/знайде своє життя (душу)
Transliteration: vtratyt’/znayde svoye zhyttya
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: ἀπολέσει τὴν ψυχὴν… εὑρήσει αὐτήν
Category: Church
NEW TERM (10:39; 16:25). ψυχή here means one’s whole life/self, not narrowly the immaterial soul; Ukrainian душа’s strong association with the soul distinct from the body (reinforced by icon theology’s body/soul framework) risks narrowing this holistic saying into a purely spiritual-soul transaction. Render ‘своє життя (душу)’ pairing both terms, with exposition clarifying the holistic sense.
Easy Yoke
Approved rendering: ярмо Моє / спокій
Transliteration: yarmo moye / spokiy
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: ζυγός μου / ἀνάπαυσις
Category: Church
NEW TERM (11:28-30). Deliberately contrasts with yoke_of_slavery (ярмо рабства) above; translators must not use identical phrasing for both yokes, or Scripture’s own deliberate contrast is erased — a genuine teaching opportunity, not merely a risk to manage.
End Of The Age
Approved rendering: кінець віку
Transliteration: kinets’ viku
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Rejected alternatives: кінець світу (never use — suggests cosmic annihilation)
Original: συντέλεια τοῦ αἰῶνος
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM (13:39-40, 49; 24:3; 28:20). Should be preferred over any rendering using світ (‘world’), which suggests cosmic destruction; exposition should clarify this names the transition between the present age and the age to come, which Scripture elsewhere describes as renewed rather than destroyed.
Cross Discipleship
Approved rendering: хрест
Transliteration: khrest
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: σταυρόν αὐτοῦ / ἀπαρνησάσθω ἑαυτόν
Category: Church
NEW TERM (16:24-26, metaphorical use; literal at ch.27). One of the most visually and culturally omnipresent Christian symbols in Ukraine (jewelry, church architecture, roadside shrines, a national as well as religious symbol); risk that this ubiquity flattens ‘take up your cross’ into a decorative or merely national-cultural symbol rather than Jesus’ call to costly, potentially life-threatening self-denying discipleship. Native speaker/theologian review recommended.
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: життя вічне
Transliteration: zhyttya vichne
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM (19:16, 29; 25:46). Standard and clear; ensure ‘вічне’ is not heard as merely endless duration divorced from the qualitative, relational, kingdom-inaugurated sense, and note the direct connection to Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus (19:27-29’s ‘what then shall we have?’).
Ransom
Approved rendering: викуп
Transliteration: vykup
Doctrine: Jesus’ Atoning Mission: Ransom for Many
Original: λύτρον
Category: Salvation
NEW TERM (20:28). Standard and lexically clear; directly relevant to the baseline’s existing atonement/propitiation escalation rule (originally flagged at Romans 3:25). Risk is doctrinal-completeness: the substitutionary, costly nature of the ransom (‘for many,’ ἀντὶ πολλῶν) must not be flattened into a vague, general ‘sacrifice’ or ‘help.’ Human theologian review recommended.
Hosanna Son Of David
Approved rendering: Осанна Сину Давидовому
Transliteration: Osanna Synu Davydovomu
Doctrine: Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David
Original: Ὡσαννά τῷ υἱῷ Δαυίδ
Category: Christology
NEW TERM (21:9). Осанна is transliterated, already familiar liturgically. This is the messianic title’s most public, crowd-acclaimed occurrence in the Gospel; should be exposited with its full triumphal-yet-soon-rejected irony, since the same crowd’s acclamation is followed within days by the crucifixion crowd’s rejection.
Many Called Few Chosen
Approved rendering: багато покликаних, мало обраних
Transliteration: bahato poklykanykh, malo obranykh
Doctrine: Election: Many Called, Few Chosen
Original: πολλοὶ κλητοί, ὀλίγοι δὲ ἐκλεκτοί
Category: Salvation
NEW TERM (22:14), combining called and election within one verse. Intensifies the baseline’s existing caution that Reformed predestination-adjacent categories have no developed parallel in Orthodox or Greek Catholic soteriology and must be introduced with explicit definition. Human theologian review recommended.
Hypocrites
Approved rendering: лицеміри
Transliteration: lytsemiry
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Original: ὑποκριταί
Category: Sin
NEW TERM, repeated seven times in ch.23’s structuring ‘woes,’ climaxing the Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees doctrine. Must be taught as Jesus’ specific, historically-anchored critique of a described first-century failure pattern, never generalized into a timeless anti-Jewish trope. Human theologian review MANDATORY, extending the scribes_and_pharisees caution.
Parousia
Approved rendering: прихід Сина Людського
Transliteration: prykhid Syna Lyudskoho
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Rejected alternatives: явлення (never use — already rejected by the baseline as a substitute for ‘incarnation’; would create term-collision between two distinct Christological/eschatological events)
Original: παρουσία τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM (24:27, 30, 37, 39). Christ’s visible, glorious, universally-witnessed second coming, distinct from any hidden, secret, or merely spiritual ‘coming.’ Exposition should clarify this is a public, visible, cosmic event, given some contemporary sectarian movements’ history of claiming secret/localized fulfillments.
Least Of These
Approved rendering: найменші брати Мої
Transliteration: naymenshi braty Moyi
Doctrine: Mercy and Christ’s Identification with the Least of These
Original: οἱ ἀδελφοί μου οἱ ἐλάχιστοι
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM (25:40, 45). Carries acute, immediate, positive pastoral resonance in wartime Ukraine’s active culture of humanitarian church ministry to the displaced, wounded, and bereaved (справи милосердя) — a genuine teaching asset, provided exposition also retains the passage’s own judgment-context weight and does not flatten it into humanitarian ethics alone, detached from its Christological and eschatological claims.
Forgiveness Of Sins Institution
Approved rendering: на прощення гріхів
Transliteration: na proshchennya hrikhiv
Doctrine: The Lord’s Supper and the New Covenant
Original: εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν
Category: Salvation
NEW TERM (26:28). Direct connection to the baseline’s atonement/propitiation escalation rule, now textually anchored here as well as at 20:28’s ransom saying. Human theologian review recommended.
Cry Of Dereliction
Approved rendering: Боже Мій, Боже Мій, чому Ти Мене покинув?
Transliteration: Bozhe Miy, Bozhe Miy, chomu Ty Mene pokynuv?
Doctrine: The Cry of Dereliction and the Passion
Original: Θεέ μου, Θεέ μου, ἱνατί με ἐγκατέλιπες;
Category: Christology
NEW TERM (27:46, citing Psalm 22:1). Must match the Psalm 22 citation exactly per the cross-curriculum quotation-consistency rule already established for the Galatians extension. One of the most theologically weighty and pastorally acute statements in the passion narrative; exposition should address its meaning (Christ bearing the judicial and relational consequence of sin, not a claim the Trinity was actually divided) with care, given the acute resonance of felt divine absence for readers experiencing wartime suffering, loss, and grief. Human theologian review MANDATORY.
Worship Proskyneo
Approved rendering: поклонятися
Transliteration: poklonyatysya
Doctrine: Worship of the Risen Christ / Deity of Christ
Original: προσκυνέω
Category: Christology
NEW TERM (2:11; 8:2; 9:18; 28:9, 17). Ranges in Greek usage from respectful obeisance toward a superior to full religious worship due to deity alone; earlier Matthean occurrences may carry the weaker sense, while the final post-resurrection occurrences (28:9, 17) clearly signal full divine worship, confirming the Resurrection and Deity/Sonship of Christ doctrines together. Exposition should note this distinction by context rather than assume a uniform sense. Human theologian review recommended at the climactic ch.28 occurrences.
All Authority Given
Approved rendering: вся влада
Transliteration: vsya vlada
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Original: πᾶσα ἐξουσία
Category: Christology
NEW TERM (28:18), extending authority above to its fullest, unqualified, universal scope, directly grounding the Great Commission that follows. Exposition should make the direct connection to 7:29 and 9:6 explicit as the doctrine’s culmination.
Teaching To Observe
Approved rendering: навчаючи виконувати
Transliteration: navchayuchy vykonuvaty
Doctrine: The Great Commission
Original: διδάσκοντες αὐτοὺς τηρεῖν πάντα ὅσα ἐνετειλάμην ὑμῖν
Category: Faith
NEW TERM (28:20), extending obedience_of_faith above into the Great Commission’s closing charge. Ensure this is not taught as a return to a legalistic checklist-observance model, echoing the same caution the Galatians extension gives regarding діла закону.
I Am With You Always
Approved rendering: Я з вами повсякдень, до кінця віку
Transliteration: Ya z vamy povsyakden’, do kintsya viku
Doctrine: The Great Commission
Original: ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ μεθ’ ὑμῶν εἰμι πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας ἕως τῆς συντελείας τοῦ αἰῶνος
Category: Christology
NEW TERM (28:20), the Gospel’s final structural bookend with end_of_the_age above. Should be rendered with the same warm, hope-affirming pastoral tone this Language Package requires for Romans 8’s assurance language, given its acute resonance for a readership living through ongoing uncertainty and war.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: апостол
Transliteration: apostol
Doctrine: Apostleship
Rejected alternatives: посланець, проповідник
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. The Twelve are named and commissioned at 10:2-4, the founding narrative underlying the term; distinct from, though foundational to, Paul’s later contested apostolic claim discussed in the Galatians extension.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: воскресіння
Transliteration: voskresinnya
Doctrine: Resurrection of Christ
Rejected alternatives: оживлення, реінкарнація
Original: ἀνάστασις / ἐγείρω
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Narrated historically at 28:1-10 with eyewitness/guard-report material (28:11-15) absent from Romans’ more didactic treatment; culturally rooted via Великдень as the baseline already notes.
Incarnation
Approved rendering: втілення
Transliteration: vtilennya
Doctrine: Incarnation and the Virgin Conception
Rejected alternatives: аватар (never use), явлення
Original: ὁ λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο (theological category)
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Matthew 1:18-23 is the Gospel’s own primary textual basis, explicitly self-glossed via Emmanuel (‘God with us,’ 1:23) — a rare case where the source text supplies its own explanation, which should be retained rather than assumed already known.
Glory
Approved rendering: слава
Transliteration: slava
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: шана, велич
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. ‘The Son of Man coming in his glory’ (16:27; 24:30; 25:31) is exclusively eschatological/divine in Matthew; the baseline’s caution about слава’s patriotic ‘Слава Україні’ resonance applies with equal force, and specifically must not collide with Преображення (Transfiguration) exposition.
Covenant
Approved rendering: завіт
Transliteration: zavit
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant / The Lord’s Supper and the New Covenant
Rejected alternatives: договір, угода
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 26:28’s ‘blood of the covenant’ and ‘new covenant’ (see new_covenant below) together form the direct scriptural origin of the Ukrainian name of the entire New Testament canon (Новий Завіт).
Intercession
Approved rendering: клопотання
Transliteration: klopotannya
Doctrine: Prayer and Intercession
Rejected alternatives: заступництво (reserve for saints’/Theotokos intercession contexts)
Original: προσεύχεσθε ὑπὲρ (conceptual)
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. ‘Pray for those who persecute you’ (5:44) is Matthew’s primary intercessory-prayer text; must not be rendered заступництво, per the baseline’s caution reserving that term for saints’/Theotokos intercession.
Seed Of David
Approved rendering: з насіння Давидового
Transliteration: z nasinnya Davydovoho
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: нащадок Давида (acceptable modern-register gloss)
Original: σπέρμα Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Underlies but is textually distinct from the specific title ‘Son of David’ (see son_of_david below); Matthew ch.1’s genealogy is Matthew’s own extended demonstration of this descent.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: сила Божа
Transliteration: syla Bozha
Doctrine: Power of God for Salvation
Rejected alternatives: енергія
Original: δύναμις
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. ‘The Son of Man coming… with power and great glory’ (24:30) and ‘seated at the right hand of Power’ (26:64, a reverent circumlocution for God); avoid енергія per the baseline’s existing caution against Palamite-technical resonance.
Jews
Approved rendering: юдеї
Transliteration: yudeyi
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Inherited from the Galatians extension of the Romans package, unchanged. Must not blur with погани’s derogatory colloquial drift in any Matthew passage pairing Jewish and Gentile figures (2:1-12; 8:5-13; 15:21-28; 27:54).
Abraham
Approved rendering: Авраам
Transliteration: Avraam
Doctrine: Jesus as the Promised Messiah and Son of David
Inherited from the Galatians extension of the Romans package, unchanged. Matthew 1:1 opens with ‘the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham,’ anchoring Jesus in both covenant lines from the Gospel’s very first verse.
Disciple
Approved rendering: учень
Transliteration: uchen’
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Rejected alternatives: послідовник (acceptable exposition-only gloss for emphasis)
Original: μαθητής
Category: Church
NEW TERM (5:1 and throughout). учень’s everyday schoolchild/pupil register risks flattening Matthew’s sense of committed, total-life allegiance (8:19-22; 10:37-39; 16:24) into mere information-reception. Gloss explicitly at first occurrence. Connects directly to make_disciples_of_all_nations at 28:19 — the Great Commission and Discipleship doctrines are one reality, not two.
Emmanuel
Approved rendering: Еммануїл (“Бог з нами”)
Transliteration: Emmanuil
Doctrine: Incarnation and the Virgin Conception
Original: Ἐμμανουήλ
Category: Christology
NEW TERM (1:23). Matthew supplies his own gloss (‘which means, God with us’) — this self-glossing feature should be retained exactly as Matthew’s own text supplies it rather than assumed already known to readers.
Fulfillment Formula
Approved rendering: щоб сповнилося сказане [пророком]
Transliteration: shchob spovnylosya skazane
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy
Original: ἵνα πληρωθῇ τὸ ῥηθὲν
Category: Covenant
NEW TERM (structural device). Recurs at least twelve times (1:22; 2:15,17,23; 4:14; 8:17; 12:17; 13:35; 21:4; 26:56; 27:9). Must be rendered identically at every occurrence per the baseline’s cross-document consistency rules, given its function as a recurring structural marker readers should learn to recognize.
Temptation
Approved rendering: спокуса
Transliteration: spokusa
Doctrine: Discipleship and the Cost of Following Jesus
Original: πειρασμός / πειράζω
Category: Sin
NEW TERM (4:1-11; 6:13). Standard for the devil’s sinful-temptation sense; exposition should note the distinct neutral ‘testing’ sense exists elsewhere to avoid implying God tempts to sin (cf. James 1:13).
Perfect
Approved rendering: досконалий
Transliteration: doskonalyy
Doctrine: Righteousness Exceeding the Pharisees
Original: τέλειος
Category: Sanctification
NEW TERM (5:48, ‘be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect’). Risks a perfectionistic, anxiety-inducing reading if not glossed; exposition should clarify wholehearted maturity/completeness matching God’s own character, not sinless flawlessness, especially important given this verse’s climactic placement.
Little Faith
Approved rendering: малої віри
Transliteration: maloyi viry
Doctrine: Faith and Gentle Correction of Little Faith
Original: ὀλιγόπιστος
Category: Faith
NEW TERM (ὀλιγόπιστος, unique to Matthew’s vocabulary: 6:30; 8:26; 14:31; 16:8). Ukrainian has no single-word equivalent; the descriptive phrase requires exposition clarifying this is gentle correction within an already-trusting relationship, not condemnation of unbelief. Native speaker review recommended.
Gathered In My Name
Approved rendering: зібрані в Моє ім’я
Transliteration: zibrani v Moye im”ya
Doctrine: The Church and Church Discipline
Original: συνηγμένοι εἰς τὸ ἐμὸν ὄνομα
Category: Church
NEW TERM (18:20). A beloved, frequently-quoted pastoral verse across all traditions; ensure it is not read as promising Christ’s presence only in small gatherings rather than his general promise of presence to his gathered people regardless of numbers.
Cornerstone
Approved rendering: наріжний камінь
Transliteration: narizhnyy kamin’
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy
Original: κεφαλὴ γωνίας
Category: Christology
NEW TERM (21:42, citing Psalm 118:22). Standard architectural metaphor for Christ’s rejected-yet-foundational role; low ambiguity risk, well-attested in hymnody across all traditions.
Abomination Of Desolation
Approved rendering: гидота спустошення
Transliteration: hydota spustoshennya
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: τὸ βδέλυγμα τῆς ἐρημώσεως
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM (24:15, quoting Daniel). Ohienko’s established phrasing; primary risk is interpretive-timeline complexity (preterist vs. futurist readings), not lexical ambiguity — requires careful, non-dogmatic exposition given the range of faithful evangelical interpretive views.
This Generation
Approved rendering: цей рід / це покоління
Transliteration: tsey rid / tse pokolinnya
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: ταύτη ἡ γενεά
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM (24:34). A well-known interpretive difficulty regarding the referent of ‘this generation’; flag for non-dogmatic, interpretively humble exposition given the range of faithful scholarly views, avoiding overconfident claims about a specific fulfillment timeline.
Talents Parable
Approved rendering: таланти
Transliteration: talanty
Doctrine: Judgment and the End of the Age
Original: τάλαντα
Category: Eschatology
NEW TERM (25:14-30). Carries the same false-friend risk as English (талант in modern Ukrainian primarily means natural ability/gift, echoing the baseline’s already-rejected талан for ‘grace’). Exposition must clarify the parable’s referent is entrusted resources/responsibility broadly, not narrowly natural talents.
Sabbath
Approved rendering: субота
Transliteration: subota
Doctrine: The Authority of Jesus’ Teaching
Original: σάββατον
Category: Covenant
NEW TERM (12:1-14). Standard and lexically clear; minor risk that readers may import contemporary Sabbath-versus-Sunday worship-day debates (a live but minor denominational question across traditions) into the text’s own point about the Sabbath’s purpose and Christ’s lordship over it.
Low Risk Terms
David
Approved rendering: Давид
Transliteration: Davyd
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Appears 1:1, 1:6, 1:17 and repeatedly within the ‘Son of David’ title (see son_of_david below).
Israel
Approved rendering: Ізраїль
Transliteration: Izrayil’
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: Ἰσραήλ
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. ‘The lost sheep of the house of Israel’ (10:6; 15:24) requires the same care the baseline gives regarding the modern state-name homograph.
Prophet
Approved rendering: пророк
Transliteration: prorok
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture / Fulfillment of Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: ворожбит, екстрасенс
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. 5:12 ties the disciples’ coming persecution to the whole prophetic line; the recurring fulfillment-formula citations (see fulfillment_formula below) repeatedly name specific prophets by name.
Prophecy
Approved rendering: пророцтво
Transliteration: prorotstvo
Doctrine: Fulfillment of Old Testament Prophecy
Rejected alternatives: ворожіння, гороскоп
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. The doctrine built on this term (Fulfillment of OT Prophecy) is Medium risk at the doctrine level given Matthew’s far higher structural frequency of citation than Romans; the term itself remains Low.
Parable
Approved rendering: притча
Transliteration: prytcha
Doctrine: Teaching the Kingdom through Parables
Original: παραβολή
Category: Kingdom
NEW TERM (ch.13). Standard and uncontested across all Ukrainian Christian traditions.
Referenced passages