Core Glossary
Core Glossary — Ephesians (English ↔ Ukrainian)
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, drawn from every chapter of Ephesians (1-6). Terms already established in the baseline Romans/Galatians translation_memory.json are marked TM (reused) and their recorded Ukrainian rendering is repeated verbatim, per the hard rule that established renderings must never be altered. New terms introduced by Ephesians are marked NEW and given a proposed rendering, risk tier, and grounding for that risk consistent with the baseline’s Ukraine-specific risk framework.
Risk tiers follow the baseline’s doctrine_risk_registry.json definitions: Critical (human theologian review mandatory, every occurrence), High (human theologian review required), Medium (native speaker review recommended), Low (automated review sufficient).
Table 1 — Salvation by Grace through Faith (Core Passage Doctrine)
| English term | Ukrainian rendering | Transliteration | Greek original | Risk | TM status | Chapters | Risk grounding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| grace | благодать | blahodat’ | χάρις | Critical | TM (reused) | 2, 3 | Baseline’s three-tradition grace collision; Eph 2:5,8 is the curriculum’s most concentrated grace-works statement. |
| faith | віра | vira | πίστις | High | TM (reused) | 1, 2, 3, 6 | Confessional-identity drift risk per baseline; Eph 2:8 requires explicit “instrument, not source” framing. |
| salvation / saved | спасіння / спасенний | spasinnya / spasennyy | σωτηρία / σῴζω | Critical | TM (reused) | 2, 6 | Must anchor to the perfect-tense “already accomplished” force of Eph 2:5,8, not defaulted to any one tradition’s fuller system. |
| trespasses | провина | provyna | παράπτωμα | Low | NEW | 1, 2 | Established Ohienko rendering; low ambiguity. |
| sin | гріх | hrikh | ἁμαρτία | High | TM (reused) | 2 | Retain universal, personal category per baseline wartime caution. |
| dead (spiritually) | мертвий | mertvyy | νεκρός | Medium | NEW | 2 | Must not soften to “weak/sick”; total inability required for v.5’s contrast. |
| desires (of the flesh) | пожадливість / бажання | pozhadlyvist’ / bazhannya | ἐπιθυμία | Medium | NEW | 2 | Universalizing “we all” (2:3) must not be lost. |
| flesh (ethical) | тіло | tilo | σάρξ | Critical | TM (reused) | 2, 4, 5, 6 | Homograph with σῶμα (body/church); compounded across the whole letter’s Body-of-Christ ecclesiology — highest-density occurrence of this risk in the curriculum series to date. |
| wrath | гнів | hniv | ὀργή | High | NEW | 2 | Must not be conflated with wartime anger-at-aggressor discourse; God’s own holy judicial response to universal sin, including the reader. |
| nature (fallen) | природа | pryroda | φύσις | High | NEW | 2 | ”By nature children of wrath” requires explicit teaching against assuming Western inherited-guilt framing is shared ground with Eastern ancestral-sin categories. |
| mercy | милосердя / милість | myloserdya / mylist’ | ἔλεος | Medium | NEW | 2 | Keep distinct from благодать in exposition (mercy answers misery; grace answers unworthiness). |
| love | любов | lyubov | ἀγάπη | High | TM (reused) | 2, 5 | Here God’s initiating love; distinct sense from “faith working through love” already TM via Galatians. |
| made alive together / raised together / seated together | оживити разом / воскресив разом / посадив разом (з Христом) | ozhyvyty razom / voskresyv razom / posadyv razom [z Khrystom] | συζωοποιέω / συνεγείρω / συγκαθίζω | High | NEW | 2 | Three deliberate συν- compounds; “already” realized-eschatology statements requiring forensic/relational, not ontological-theosis, framing. |
| heavenly places | небесні місця / небесні сфери | nebesni mistsya / nebesni sfery | ἐπουράνιος | Medium | NEW | 1, 2, 3, 6 | Must render consistently across all five occurrences as one coherent spiritual location. |
| riches / rich / kindness | багатство / багатий / доброта | bahatstvo / bahatyy / dobrota | πλοῦτος / πλούσιος / χρηστότης | Low | NEW | 1, 2, 3 | Standard vocabulary, low ambiguity. |
| gift (of salvation) | дар | dar | δῶρον | High | NEW | 2 | Must be distinguished from δωρεά/χάρισμα (ministry gifts, ch.4) to avoid conflating two distinct doctrines. |
| works (unqualified negation) | діла | dila | ἔργα | Critical | NEW (extends Galatians’ діла закону) | 2 | Broader, unqualified negation than Galatians’ діла закону; requires exposition distinguishing the two so they are not read as contradictory. |
| boast | хвалитися | khvalytysya | καυχάομαι | Medium | NEW | 2 | Standard; echoes baseline’s слава caution (human boasting excluded so God alone receives glory). |
| workmanship / created | творіння / вироб Божий / створити | tvorinnya / vyrib Bozhyy / stvoryty | ποίημα / κτίζω | High | NEW | 2 | Distinguish from κτίσις (cosmic creation) and Galatians’ нове творіння; related but not identical concepts. |
| good works (result, not ground) | добрі діла | dobri dila | ἔργα ἀγαθά | Critical | NEW | 2 | Ordering (result, not cause, of salvation) is the passage’s climactic doctrinal resolution; must never be reversed in exposition. |
| prepared beforehand | наперед приготував | naperid pryhotuvav | προετοιμάζω | High | NEW | 2 | Connects to προορίζω (predestination); personal purposive planning, not fatalistic доля. |
| walk (conduct of life) | ходити | khodyty | περιπατέω | Medium | NEW | 2, 4, 5 | Recurring structural motif (6 occurrences); must render identically throughout to preserve the letter’s “walk” inclusio and thematic pattern. |
Table 2 — Election and Predestination in Christ
| English term | Ukrainian rendering | Transliteration | Greek original | Risk | TM status | Chapters | Risk grounding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chose / election | обрати / обрання | obraty / obrannya | ἐκλέγομαι / ἐκλογή | High | TM (reused, verb extends noun entry) | 1 | Never доля/фатум/приречення without qualification, per baseline election entry. |
| predestined | наперед призначив | naperid pryznachyv | προορίζω | Critical | NEW | 1 | Sharpest, most explicit predestination language in the curriculum; no developed Orthodox/Greek Catholic parallel; mandatory theologian review every occurrence. |
| purpose (of God) | задум / намір | zadum / namir | πρόθεσις | High | NEW | 1 | Must be kept distinct from доля (fate); personal purposive planning. |
| adoption | усиновлення | usynovlennya | υἱοθεσία | High | TM (reused) | 1 | Wartime-orphan emotional resonance already documented; here as the explicit goal of predestination. |
| inheritance | спадщина / спадок | spadshchyna / spadok | κληρονομία / κλῆρος | High | NEW | 1, 5 | Explicitly link to усиновлення in exposition; shares adoption’s acute emotional weight. |
| sealed | запечатати | zapechataty | σφραγίζω | Medium | NEW | 1, 4 | Distinguish from освячення’s everyday object-blessing sense; this seal is upon the person. |
| guarantee / pledge | запорука | zaporuka | ἀρραβών | Medium | NEW | 1 | Preferred over застава to avoid unwanted financial-collateral connotation. |
Table 3 — The Mystery of Christ Revealed
| English term | Ukrainian rendering | Transliteration | Greek original | Risk | TM status | Chapters | Risk grounding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mystery | таємниця (exposition) / тайна (Scripture citation) | tayemnytsya / tayna | μυστήριον | Critical | NEW | 1, 3, 5, 6 | Register split per baseline convention; must never read as an unsolvable riddle or esoteric secret-knowledge concept — it is a now-revealed, publicly proclaimed truth. |
| administration / stewardship (of grace) | Божий задум / устрій спасіння / Богом дане служіння благодаті | Bozhyy zadum / ustriy spasinnya / Bohom dane sluzhinnya blahodati | οἰκονομία (τῆς χάριτος) | Medium | NEW | 1, 3 | No settled single Ukrainian equivalent; requires explicit first-use definition. |
| unite / sum up | об’єднати (все) в Христі | ob’yednaty [vse] v Khrysti | ἀνακεφαλαιόω | Medium | NEW | 1 | Note literal “under one head” (κεφαλή root) to connect forward to Body-of-Christ headship language. |
| great mystery (marriage) | велика тайна/таємниця | velyka tayna/tayemnytsya | μυστήριον μέγα | High | NEW | 5 | Must not elevate marriage to a salvific sacrament displacing this curriculum’s forensic salvation doctrine; the point is typological, not sacramental-salvific. |
Table 4 — The Church as the Body of Christ
| English term | Ukrainian rendering | Transliteration | Greek original | Risk | TM status | Chapters | Risk grounding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| church | церква | tserkva | ἐκκλησία | Critical | TM (reused) | 1, 3, 5 | Baseline’s jurisdictional-neutrality caution (OCU/UOC/Greek Catholic) applies with full force throughout Ephesians’ ecclesiology. |
| body (of Christ, ecclesial) | тіло (Христове) | tilo (Khrystove) | σῶμα | Critical | NEW | 1, 2, 4, 5 | Same homograph risk as flesh (Table 1); must be explicitly distinguished from both ethical σάρξ and neutral physical σῶμα on first occurrence. |
| head | голова | holova | κεφαλή | High | NEW | 1, 4, 5 | Dual application (Christ/church; husband/wife) requires care; self-sacrificial model (5:25) must be foregrounded, not bare authority. |
| fullness | повнота | povnota | πλήρωμα | High | NEW | 1, 3, 4 | Four recurring occurrences (1:23; 3:19; 4:13; cf. 4:10) form one structural concept; must not be confused with Gnostic “pleroma” or New Age wellness “fullness” usage. |
| cornerstone / foundation | наріжний камінь / основа/фундамент | narizhnyy kamin’ / osnova/fundament | ἀκρογωνιαῖος (λίθος) / θεμέλιος | Medium | NEW | 2 | Established Ukrainian Bible idiom; retain specifically Christological referent. |
| temple | храм | khram | ναός | High | NEW | 2 | Baseline rejects храм for церква generally, but here it correctly renders ναός itself; exposition must clarify the referent is the people, not a building. |
| dwelling place | житло / оселя (Божа) | zhytlo / oselya (Bozha) | κατοικητήριον | Low | NEW | 2 | Standard; reinforces ναός imagery. |
| fellow heirs / fellow members of the body / fellow partakers | співспадкоємець / співчлен тіла / співучасник | spivspadkoyemets’ / spivchlen tila / spivuchasnyk | συγκληρονόμος / σύσσωμος / συμμέτοχος | High | NEW | 3 | Rare triple compound; expound as three angles on full equality, not mere inclusion. |
| grieve the [Holy] Spirit | засмучувати Святого Духа | zasmuchuvaty Svyatoho Dukha | λυπέω τὸ Πνεῦμα | High | NEW | 4 | Must retain Святий per baseline’s mandatory holy_spirit caution; presents the Spirit as a grievable person. |
Table 5 — Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
| English term | Ukrainian rendering | Transliteration | Greek original | Risk | TM status | Chapters | Risk grounding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| circumcision / uncircumcision | обрізання / необрізання | obrizannya / neobrizannya | περιτομή / ἀκροβυστία | High | TM (reused for circumcision) | 2 | Baseline notes apply; необрізання is a transparent, low-risk negation. |
| gentiles / nations | погани / народи | pohany / narody | ἔθνη | High | TM (reused) | — (implicit throughout) | Народи preferred in mission-scope contexts per baseline’s derogatory-drift caution. |
| strangers / aliens | чужі / чужинці / приходьки | chuzhi / chuzhyntsi / prykhod’ky | ξένος / πάροικος | Medium | NEW | 2 | Distinct Greek word from gentiles/погани; keep the two baseline cautions from blurring in exposition. |
| covenants of promise | завіти обітниці | zavity obitnytsi | διαθῆκαι τῆς ἐπαγγελίας | Medium | TM-extending | 2 | Reuses завіт/обітниця exactly; plural завіти may need a footnote gloss. |
| hostility / enmity | ворожість / неприязнь | vorozhist’ / nepryyazn’ | ἔχθρα | Critical | NEW | 2 | Shares root with ворог (enemy); acute wartime resonance; mandatory theologian review, parallel to baseline’s мир caution. |
| dividing wall | розділяюча стіна / перегородка | rozdilyayucha stina / perehorodka | μεσότοιχον τοῦ φραγμοῦ | Medium | NEW | 2 | Benefits from Temple-background explanation. |
| reconcile | примирити | prymyryty | ἀποκαταλλάσσω | High | NEW | 2 | Decisive, cross-accomplished reconciliation, not ongoing negotiation; distinguish from generic “make peace.” |
| access | доступ | dostup | προσαγωγή | Low | NEW | 2 | Standard, clear. |
| fellow citizens | співгромадянин | spivhromadyanyn | συμπολίτης | High | NEW | 2 | Громадянин’s wartime civic-national resonance must not compete with or replace heavenly citizenship’s referent. |
| new humanity (corporate) / new self (individual) | нова людина | nova lyudyna | καινὸς ἄνθρωπος / νέος ἄνθρωπος | Critical | NEW | 2, 4 | Identical Ukrainian phrasing for two distinct doctrinal claims (corporate one-new-humanity vs. individual renewed self); explicit disambiguation required every occurrence. |
| Israel of God / Jewish-Gentile unity (general) | — | — | — | High | TM (reused doctrine framing) | 2 | Apply the baseline’s antisemitism-history caution (Babyn Yar) to all Eph 2 exposition of Jew-Gentile unity. |
Table 6 — Gifts for Building Up the Church
| English term | Ukrainian rendering | Transliteration | Greek original | Risk | TM status | Chapters | Risk grounding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| calling | покликання | poklykannya | κλῆσις | Medium | TM (reused) | 4 | Standard baseline caution against доля/фатум and generic career-vocation drift. |
| unity of the Spirit / bond of peace | єдність Духа / зв’язок миру | yednist’ Dukha / zv’yazok myru | ἑνότης τοῦ πνεύματος / σύνδεσμος τῆς εἰρήνης | High | NEW | 4 | Must not read as institutional/jurisdictional unity; мир carries baseline’s wartime resonance caution. |
| gift (ministry-enablement) | обдарування / дар(и) | obdaruvannya / dar(y) | δωρεά / δόμα | Medium | NEW | 4 | Distinguish from δῶρον (2:8, salvation itself) to prevent doctrinal conflation. |
| apostle / prophet / evangelist / pastor / teacher | апостол / пророк / євангелист / пастир / учитель | apostol / prorok / yevanhelyst / pastyr / uchytel’ | ἀπόστολος / προφήτης / εὐαγγελιστής / ποιμήν / διδάσκαλος | High (пастир) / Medium (others) | apostle, prophet TM (reused); others NEW | 4 | Пастир risks conflation with denominationally specific пастор title; present as functional gift, jurisdiction-neutral, per church doctrine’s baseline principle. |
| equipping | приготування / спорядження | pryhotuvannya / sporyadzhennya | καταρτισμός | Medium | NEW | 4 | Frame as equipping the whole congregation, not concentrating ministry in clergy alone. |
| building up / edification | збудування / зростання | zbuduvannya / zrostannya | οἰκοδομή | Low-Medium | NEW (extends TM mutual_edification doctrine) | 4 | Render consistently across 4:12, 4:16, 4:29. |
| fruit of light | плід світла | plid svitla | καρπὸς τοῦ φωτός | Low-Medium | NEW (parallels TM плід Духа) | 5 | Keep singular form per Galatians baseline’s established caution. |
| filled with the Spirit | наповнюватися Духом | napovnyuvatysya Dukhom | πληρόω ἐν Πνεύματι | High | NEW | 5 | Retain capitalized Святим Духом; ongoing present-tense force; distinguish from any specific tradition’s sacramental “filling” rite. |
Table 7 — Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
| English term | Ukrainian rendering | Transliteration | Greek original | Risk | TM status | Chapters | Risk grounding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| submit / be subject to | підкорятися / коритися | pidkoryatysya / korytysya | ὑποτάσσω | Critical | NEW | 5 | Most contemporarily sensitive term in the letter; mutual-submission frame (5:21), Christ-centered voluntary self-giving, and current Ukrainian wartime gender-role context all require explicit pastoral handling; mandatory theologian review every occurrence. |
| head (of wife/husband) | голова | holova | κεφαλή | Critical | NEW | 5 | Must foreground self-sacrificial model (5:25), continuous with — not divorced from — its ecclesial sense (ch.1, 4). |
| Savior (title) | Спаситель | Spasytel’ | σωτήρ | Low-Medium | NEW | 5 | Standard, uncontested title across all three living traditions. |
| obey / honor (children/parents) | слухатися / шанувати | slukhatysya / shanuvaty | ὑπακούω / τιμάω | Medium | NEW | 6 | Must not be confused with, or substitute for, TM’s послух віри (obedience of faith), a distinct soteriological term. |
| slave / master (household) | раб / пан, слуга / господар | rab / pan, sluha / hospodar | δοῦλος / κύριος | High | NEW | 6 | Evokes Ukraine’s own historical memory of кріпацтво (serfdom) and Soviet forced labor; must distinguish the ancient institution addressed from later distinct Ukrainian historical experience; foreground 6:9’s radical hierarchy-relativizing point. |
| eye-service | показне служіння / служіння на показ | pokazne sluzhinnya / sluzhinnya na pokaz | ὀφθαλμοδουλία | Low | NEW | 6 | Vivid, transparent compound. |
Table 8 — Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
| English term | Ukrainian rendering | Transliteration | Greek original | Risk | TM status | Chapters | Risk grounding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ruler (Satan’s title) | князь | knyaz’ | ἄρχων | High | NEW | 2 | Historically dignified Ukrainian word (Kyivan Rus’ princes); must be clearly marked as Paul’s title for Satan, not accidental positive historical resonance. |
| authority / power (spiritual/cosmic) | влада | vlada | ἐξουσία | High | NEW | 2, 6 | Acutely live political word in current Ukrainian civic discourse; must be framed as spiritual, never earthly-political, authority. |
| at work / operating (verb) | діяти / бути дійовим | diyaty / buty diyovym | ἐνεργέω | Critical | NEW | 2, 3 | Never nominalize as “енергія”; direct collision with Orthodox Palamite technical theology (uncreated divine energies) shared by OCU and UOC. |
| devil | диявол | dyyavol | διάβολος | Medium | NEW | 4, 6 | Standard, uncontested across all traditions. |
| whole armor of God | повна Божа зброя / повний обладунок Божий | povna Bozha zbroya / povnyy obladunok Bozhyy | πανοπλία τοῦ θεοῦ | High | NEW | 6 | Heavy, immediate current resonance for wartime readership; must be grounded repeatedly in 6:12’s own “not against flesh and blood” clarification. |
| struggle / wrestling | боротьба | borot’ba | πάλη | Critical | NEW | 6 | Politically/emotionally loaded current Ukrainian term (боротьба за незалежність); must not silently convert spiritual combat into commentary on the literal war; mandatory theologian review for 6:10-20. |
| rulers, authorities, cosmic powers of darkness, spiritual forces of evil | начала, власті, володарі темряви цього світу, духи злоби | nachala, vlasti, volodari temryavy tsʹoho svitu, dukhy zloby | ἀρχαί, ἐξουσίαι, κοσμοκράτορες τοῦ σκότους, πνευματικὰ τῆς πονηρίας | High | NEW | 6 | Must be unmistakably cosmic-spiritual, with zero reference to any earthly government or the current invading state. |
| belt of truth / breastplate of righteousness / shoes of gospel-readiness / shield of faith / helmet of salvation / sword of the Spirit | пояс правди / нагрудник праведності / взуття готовності Євангелія / щит віри / шолом спасіння / меч Духа | poyas pravdy / nahrudnyk pravednosti / vzuttya hotovnosti Yevanheliya / shchyt viry / sholom spasinnya / mech Dukha | (six compound phrases, 6:14-17) | High (cumulative) | Embedded nouns TM (reused): праведність, віра, спасіння, Дух | 6 | Each embedded doctrinal noun must exactly match its established baseline rendering; vivid military vocabulary is a comprehension asset but must remain anchored to the spiritual, non-literal referent. |
| word of God | слово Боже | slovo Bozhe | ῥῆμα θεοῦ | Low-Medium | NEW | 6 | Standard; minor ῥῆμα/λόγος nuance, no major doctrinal weight. |
| prayer / supplication | молитва / благання | molytva / blahannya | προσευχή / δέησις | Low | NEW | 6 | Standard vocabulary. |
| ambassador in chains | посол у кайданах / посланець у ланцюгах | posol u kaydanakh / poslanets’ u lantsyuhakh | πρεσβεύω ἐν ἁλύσει | Medium-High | NEW | 6 | Immediate pastoral resonance given current Ukrainian POWs and detained civilians; introduce with pastoral sensitivity. |
Table 9 — Walking in Newness of Life (Cross-Cutting Ethical Doctrine)
| English term | Ukrainian rendering | Transliteration | Greek original | Risk | TM status | Chapters | Risk grounding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| walk (ethical conduct) | ходити | khodyty | περιπατέω | Medium | NEW | 2, 4, 5 | Recurring six times across the letter; render identically to preserve the structuring motif and the 2:2/2:10 inclusio. |
| old self / new self (individual) | стара людина / нова людина | stara lyudyna / nova lyudyna | παλαιὸς ἄνθρωπος / νέος (καινὸς) ἄνθρωπος | Critical | NEW | 4 | Cross-reference Table 5’s corporate “new humanity” entry; identical phrasing, distinct referent — disambiguate every occurrence. |
| renewed | оновити / обновити | onovyty / obnovyty | ἀνακαινόω | Medium | NEW | 4 | Ongoing-process force must be preserved, paralleling освячення’s baseline caution. |
| imitators (of God) | подобитель / наслідувач | podobytel’ / nasliduvach | μιμητής | Low | NEW | 5 | Наслідувач preferred for modern register. |
| offering and sacrifice | приношення і жертва | prynoshennya i zhertva | προσφορὰ καὶ θυσία | Medium | NEW | 5 | Brief OT sacrificial-system background recommended. |
| sexual immorality / impurity / greed | розпуста / нечистота / зажерливість | rozpusta / nechystota / zazherlyvist’ | πορνεία / ἀκαθαρσία / πλεονεξία | Medium | NEW | 5 | Standard vice-list vocabulary; connect to Царство Боже (TM) inheritance-exclusion warning (5:5). |
| children of light | діти світла | dity svitla | τέκνα φωτός | Low-Medium | NEW | 5 | Straightforward; part of the light/darkness ethical contrast running through ch.5. |
| forgiving (one another) | прощати | proshchaty | χαρίζομαι | Medium | NEW | 4 | High teaching value: shares Greek root with χάρις (grace); worth an explicit exposition note despite no shared Ukrainian root. |
Cross-Reference Notes for Phase 2
- Highest-priority Critical terms requiring mandatory theologian review at every occurrence: ἐνέργεια/ἐνεργέω (never “енергія”), σῶμα/σάρξ via тіло, καινὸς/νέος ἄνθρωπος (corporate vs. individual), ὑποτάσσω, ἔχθρα, πάλη, προορίζω, μυστήριον, ἔργα (unqualified negation, 2:9), ἔργα ἀγαθά ordering (2:10).
- All Romans/Galatians baseline TM entries used in Ephesians (church, grace, faith, salvation, righteousness, sin, love, adoption, election, calling, holy_spirit, gentiles, peace, glory, power_of_god, covenant, promise, circumcision) are reused verbatim with zero deviation, per the hard rule.
- New terms proposed here (all others in this glossary) require Phase 2 Step 16 translation-memory registration and version increment before segment translation begins, per the Galatians-established workflow in
12_ai_translation_requirements.md. - Register-split terms (μυστήριον: тайна/таємниця) follow the precedent already established for свобода/воля in the Galatians package.
This glossary must be loaded alongside the baseline translation_memory.json for all Phase 2 Ephesians segment translation. New entries above are proposed for addition to translation memory, pending Phase 1 Steps 2-8 confirmation and human theologian review of all Critical-tier items.
Critical Risk Terms
Grace
Approved rendering: благодать
Transliteration: blahodat’
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Rejected alternatives: милість, талан, щастя
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL across all three living traditions per baseline (Orthodox uncreated energies, Greek Catholic infused grace, Protestant unmerited favor). Ephesians 2:5,8 is this curriculum’s single most concentrated grace-works statement, exceeding even Romans 4:4-5/11:5-6 and Galatians 2:16 in explicitness; the ‘apart from works’ contrast must be stated explicitly at maximum force here.
Salvation
Approved rendering: спасіння / спасенний
Transliteration: spasinnya / spasennyy
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Rejected alternatives: визволення, рятування (too generic, ‘rescue’)
Original: σωτηρία / σῴζω
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Must anchor to Christ’s death and resurrection as a decisive, received event, not left to default into any one tradition’s fuller system. Ephesians 2:5,8 uses a perfect passive periphrastic (ἐστε σεσωσμένοι) requiring the ‘already accomplished, abiding result’ nuance to be preserved in exposition (ви вже спасенні, not будете спасенні).
Sanctification
Approved rendering: освячення
Transliteration: osvyachennya
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holy Living
Rejected alternatives: обоження (reserve for explicit theosis discussion only), очищення
Inherited from Romans package. Must not collapse into the everyday свячення паски (Easter-basket blessing) sense. Ephesians 4-5’s extended ethical section is the letter’s largest single deployment of this doctrine outside Romans; the ongoing, repeated force of 5:18’s ‘being filled with the Spirit’ extends this same caution.
Church
Approved rendering: церква
Transliteration: tserkva
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Rejected alternatives: храм (except where the word itself specifically renders ναός, Eph 2:21), громада (acceptable for local-assembly emphasis)
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. CRITICAL, acutely live jurisdictional word (OCU/UOC/UGCC). Ephesians develops ecclesiology more extensively than Romans or Galatians (1:22-23; 2:19-22; 3:10, 21; 5:23-32), so this caution applies across a far larger portion of the book than either baseline curriculum; громада remains a useful jurisdiction-neutral synonym.
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: Святий Дух
Transliteration: Svyatyy Dukh
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holy Living
Rejected alternatives: дух (never use alone), енергія
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians uses both the full title (1:13; 4:30) and several bare-πνεῦμα occurrences requiring mandatory capitalized Дух with first-occurrence glossing (2:18; 2:22; 3:16; 4:3-4; 5:18; 6:18) — the highest concentration of bare-pneuma occurrences in the curriculum series to date; дух alone must never stand in for the Holy Spirit given wartime idioms like ‘бойовий дух.‘
Flesh
Approved rendering: тіло
Transliteration: tilo
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Rejected alternatives: плоть (acceptable only in elevated/poetic register, not the default expository term)
Original: σάρξ
Category: Sin
Inherited from Galatians extension of the baseline. Ephesians compounds this structural homograph risk far beyond Galatians: тіло here renders ethical σάρξ (2:3) AND — extensively — σῶμα as neutral physical body and as σῶμα Χριστοῦ, the church as Christ’s own Body (see body_of_christ_ecclesial). This is the single highest-density occurrence of this Critical risk pattern in the curriculum series; mandatory first-occurrence disambiguation in every chapter it recurs (2, 4, 5, 6), re-fenced per chapter, not once per book.
Works Unqualified
Approved rendering: діла
Transliteration: dila
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Rejected alternatives: діла закону (this is the Galatians-specific compound and must not be conflated with this broader, unqualified term)
Original: ἔργα
Category: Salvation
New term. Ephesians 2:9. Unlike Galatians’ діла закону (Torah-boundary markers specifically), this is Paul’s own deliberately unqualified, general negation: no human achievement whatsoever contributes to salvation. Exposition must clarify both are true and non-contradictory so this entry is never read as reversing or conflicting with the Galatians glossary entry.
Good Works
Approved rendering: добрі діла
Transliteration: dobri dila
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: ἔργα ἀγαθά
Category: Salvation
New term. Ephesians 2:10. The ordering (result, not ground, of salvation) is the passage’s climactic doctrinal resolution and must never be reversed in exposition; the doctrinal hinge connecting Salvation by Grace through Faith to Walking in Newness of Life.
Predestined
Approved rendering: наперед призначив
Transliteration: naperid pryznachyv
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Rejected alternatives: доля (never use), фатум (never use), карма (never use)
Original: προορίζω
Category: Salvation
New term. Ephesians 1:5, 1:11 (προορίζω). The sharpest, most explicit predestination language in the curriculum series; no developed Orthodox/Greek Catholic parallel exists (both emphasize synergy, συνέργεια). Mandatory theologian review at every occurrence, with accompanying exposition, not lexical substitution alone.
Mystery
Approved rendering: таємниця (exposition) / тайна (Scripture citation)
Transliteration: tayemnytsya / tayna
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
Original: μυστήριον
Category: Mystery
New term. Ephesians 1:9; 3:3-9; 5:32; 6:19 (μυστήριον). Register split follows the свобода/воля precedent. Must never read as an unsolvable riddle or esoteric/gnostic secret-knowledge concept — it names a now-revealed, publicly proclaimed truth, the opposite semantic vector from Ukrainian’s thriving occult/esoteric ‘still-hidden secret’ vocabulary. Mandatory fencing phrase at every recurrence: ‘не прихована, а вже відкрита.‘
Body Of Christ Ecclesial
Approved rendering: тіло (Христове)
Transliteration: tilo (Khrystove)
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: σῶμα (ecclesial)
Category: Church
New term. Ephesians 1:23; 2:16; 4:4, 12, 16; 5:23, 30 (ecclesial σῶμα). The central named ecclesiological metaphor of the letter; shares the тіло homograph with ethical σάρξ (see flesh entry) — must be explicitly distinguished on first occurrence in every chapter, with its positive, dignified force preserved consistently with the traditions’ shared positive body-theology.
Hostility Enmity
Approved rendering: ворожість / неприязнь
Transliteration: vorozhist’ / nepryyazn’
Doctrine: Reconciliation and Peace in Christ
Original: ἔχθρα
Category: Church
New term. Ephesians 2:14, 2:16 (ἔχθρα). ворожість shares its root with ворог (enemy), maximal charge in wartime Ukraine. Christ’s abolition of ἔχθρα must be taught with explicit care that this is not a political peace-treaty metaphor nor a call to reconcile with a literal wartime aggressor, while allowing the passage’s authentic pastoral power to register. Mandatory theologian review.
New Humanity Corporate
Approved rendering: нова людина
Transliteration: nova lyudyna
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: καινὸς ἄνθρωπος (corporate)
Category: Church
New term. Ephesians 2:15 (καινὸς ἄνθρωπος, corporate sense). Identical Ukrainian phrasing to old_self_new_self_individual’s 4:24 usage; mandatory explicit disambiguation tag every occurrence — (корпоративно: усі разом) vs. (особисто: кожен вірянин) — since Ukrainian has no morphological device to keep the two senses apart.
Old Self New Self Individual
Approved rendering: стара людина / нова людина
Transliteration: stara lyudyna / nova lyudyna
Doctrine: New Self and Renewal of Mind
Original: παλαιὸς ἄνθρωπος / νέος ἄνθρωπος
Category: Sanctification
New term. Ephesians 4:22-24 (παλαιὸς ἄνθρωπος / νέος ἄνθρωπος, individual sense). Uses identical phrasing to new_humanity_corporate (2:15); mandatory explicit disambiguation every occurrence to prevent conflating ‘God has made Jews and Gentiles into one new humanity’ (corporate) with ‘I have put off my old sinful self’ (individual).
Submit
Approved rendering: підкорятися / коритися
Transliteration: pidkoryatysya / korytysya
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Rejected alternatives: coining a new term (rejected as more likely to appear evasive than clarifying)
Original: ὑποτάσσω
Category: Household Relationships
New term. Ephesians 5:21-6:9 (ὑποτάσσω). The single most contemporarily sensitive term in the letter. Requires explicit attention to 5:21’s mutual submission as the interpretive frame, the Christ-centered voluntary self-giving sense (not coerced inferiority), and current Ukrainian wartime gender-role context. Mandatory theologian review every occurrence; 5:21 must be translated and taught before, and as the controlling frame for, 5:22-33 in every lesson sequence.
At Work Operating
Approved rendering: діяти / бути дійовим
Transliteration: diyaty / buty diyovym
Doctrine: Prayer for Spiritual Strength
Rejected alternatives: енергія (never use as a noun rendering under any circumstance)
Original: ἐνέργεια / ἐνεργέω
Category: God
New term. Ephesians 2:2; 3:20 (ἐνέργεια / ἐνεργέω). ἐνέργεια is a precise technical term in Orthodox Palamite theology (uncreated divine energies), taught at seminary level by both OCU and UOC. Must never be nominalized as ‘енергія’ — always rendered as a verb of active operation. The single most sensitive lexical choice in Ephesians for Ukrainian; mandatory theologian review at every occurrence.
Struggle Wrestling
Approved rendering: боротьба
Transliteration: borot’ba
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: πάλη
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New term. Ephesians 6:12 (πάλη). One of the most politically and emotionally loaded words in current Ukrainian public discourse (боротьба за незалежність, боротьба з агресором). Paul’s own corrective (‘not against flesh and blood’) must be foregrounded explicitly and repeatedly; mandatory theologian review for the entire 6:10-20 unit.
High Risk Terms
Gospel
Approved rendering: Євангеліє
Transliteration: Yevanheliye
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: добра звістка (acceptable as an explanatory gloss only)
Inherited from Romans package. Established term across all Ukrainian Christian traditions (Orthodox, Greek Catholic, and Protestant) and the Ohienko translation; wartime religious revival may carry more felt devotional weight than a flattened, book-title-only reading. Ephesians occurrences: 1:13; 3:6; 6:15; 6:19 — 6:19’s ‘mystery of the gospel’ ties this term directly to the letter’s central mystery doctrine.
Faith
Approved rendering: віра
Transliteration: vira
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Rejected alternatives: довіра, переконання
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited from Romans package. Confessional-identity drift risk (OCU/UOC/UGCC/Protestant) per baseline. Ephesians 2:8 requires explicit ‘instrument, not source’ framing: grace is the source of salvation, faith the channel — not the ground.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: праведність
Transliteration: pravednist’
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Rejected alternatives: справедливість, чесність
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. справедливість (justice/fairness) remains a rejected false friend. Ephesians 6:14 embeds this exact term in the armor-of-God compound ‘нагрудник праведності’ (breastplate of righteousness); the embedded noun must match this established rendering exactly.
Saints
Approved rendering: святі
Transliteration: svyati
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Rejected alternatives: праведники
Inherited from Romans package. Must read as unmistakably corporate and inclusive of every believer, not a venerated minority. Ephesians uses this term with unusual density (1:1, 1:15, 1:18, 3:8, 3:18, 4:12, 5:3, 6:18).
Adoption
Approved rendering: усиновлення
Transliteration: usynovlennya
Doctrine: Adoption and Inheritance in Christ
Rejected alternatives: прийняття в сім’ю
Original: υἱοθεσία
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Acute wartime-orphans emotional resonance. Ephesians 1:5 names adoption as the explicit goal of predestination, tying this resonance directly to the letter’s election language.
Lord
Approved rendering: Господь
Transliteration: Hospod’
Doctrine: Christ’s Headship and Supremacy
Rejected alternatives: хазяїн, владика (reserve for liturgical/poetic register only)
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians reuses κύριος both of Christ (1:2-3, 15; 6:23-24) and, distinctly, of earthly household masters (6:5, 9) — exposition must keep these two applications clearly distinct so the household code’s human κύριος is never confused with Господь as a divine title.
Peace
Approved rendering: мир
Transliteration: myr
Doctrine: Reconciliation and Peace in Christ
Rejected alternatives: спокій, затишшя
Inherited from Romans package. Since 2022, мир carries exceptionally heavy immediate weight as the opposite of the ongoing war. Ephesians 2:14-17’s ‘he himself is our peace’ and ‘bond of peace’ (4:3) must be carefully distinguished from both the political ceasefire sense and generic calm.
Kingdom Of God
Approved rendering: Царство Боже
Transliteration: Tsarstvo Bozhe
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Rejected alternatives: держава Божа
Original: βασιλεία τοῦ Χριστοῦ καὶ θεοῦ
Category: Kingdom
Inherited from Romans package. Loaded imperial/царський resonance must be distinguished from God’s sovereign spiritual reign. Ephesians 5:5 pairs this term with κληρονομία (inheritance) in a vice-exclusion warning: ‘no inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and God.‘
Sin
Approved rendering: гріх
Transliteration: hrikh
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Rejected alternatives: помилка, провина (reserve for παράπτωμα, a distinct new term)
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 2:1-3’s universal diagnosis (‘among whom we all once lived’) must retain the personally-applicable, universal category per the baseline’s wartime caution against narrowing гріх to mean only atrocity by an external aggressor.
Gentiles
Approved rendering: погани / народи
Transliteration: pohany / narody
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Rejected alternatives: чужинці (reserve for ξένος, a distinct new term)
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. народи required in mission-scope and comparative contexts per baseline’s derogatory-drift caution. Ephesians 2:11; 3:1, 6, 8 use this term at the heart of the Jew-Gentile unity argument; народи is strongly preferred throughout 2:11-22’s descriptive ethnic contrast to minimize the derogatory-drift risk.
Messiah
Approved rendering: Месія / Христос
Transliteration: Mesiya / Khrystos
Doctrine: Christ’s Headship and Supremacy
Rejected alternatives: рятівник світу (as a stand-alone substitute)
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Христос functions as Jesus’ effective surname in everyday Ukrainian, flattening its titular sense. Ephesians 1:10, 12, 20; 2:12-13; 3:6, 8; 5:32 use Христос with unusual density; re-surface the title’s Jewish messianic-fulfillment meaning explicitly.
Election
Approved rendering: обрання / обрати
Transliteration: obrannya / obraty
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Rejected alternatives: доля, фатум, приречення (use only with careful qualification)
Original: ἐκλογή / ἐκλέγομαι
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, extended here to the verb form used in Ephesians 1:4 (‘he chose us in him before the foundation of the world’). Never render with доля/фатум/приречення without explicit qualification.
Father
Approved rendering: Отець
Transliteration: Otets’
Doctrine: Adoption and Inheritance in Christ
Rejected alternatives: батюшка (reserve exclusively for addressing an Orthodox priest, itself an increasingly avoided Russicism)
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 1:2-3, 17; 2:18; 3:14-15; 4:6; 6:23 use this title extensively; батюшка must never substitute.
Love
Approved rendering: любов
Transliteration: lyubov
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Faith
Inherited from Galatians extension of the baseline. Ephesians 2:4 uses ἀγάπη of God’s own initiating love (‘because of the great love with which he loved us’) — distinct from the baseline’s ‘faith working through love’ (human responsive love); this sense recurs at 5:2, 5:25 (husband’s love for wife) and must be kept distinguishable in exposition.
Circumcision
Approved rendering: обрізання / необрізання
Transliteration: obrizannya / neobrizannya
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: περιτομή / ἀκροβυστία
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Galatians extension of the baseline (обрізання); необрізання is a new, transparent, low-risk negation. Unlike Galatians, Ephesians 2:11 uses these terms descriptively of former identity, not as a live legal controversy — exposition should note this distinction so readers do not import Galatians’ circumcision-controversy weight where Ephesians’ point is a now-abolished division, not an active demand.
Promise
Approved rendering: обітниця
Transliteration: obitnytsya
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: ἐπαγγελία
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Galatians extension of the baseline. Ephesians 2:12; 3:6 (‘fellow partakers of the promise in Christ Jesus’); 6:2 (the fifth commandment ‘with a promise’) all reuse this term; the covenant-chronology background gap already flagged in the baseline applies equally to readers of Ephesians 2:12.
Wrath
Approved rendering: гнів
Transliteration: hniv
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: ὀργή
Category: Sin
New term. Ephesians 2:3 (‘children of wrath by nature’). гнів carries strong currency in wartime moral/political discourse (righteous anger at an aggressor); must be presented as God’s own holy judicial response to universal sin, including the reader personally, never conflated with contemporary anger-at-the-enemy discourse.
Nature Fallen
Approved rendering: природа
Transliteration: pryroda
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: φύσις
Category: Sin
New term. Ephesians 2:3. ‘By nature children of wrath’ — the Western/Augustinian inherited-guilt framing must be explicitly taught rather than assumed self-evident, since it differs from the Orthodox/Greek Catholic ‘ancestral sin as inherited mortality/corruption, not personal guilt’ framework.
Made Alive Raised Seated With Christ
Approved rendering: оживити разом / воскресив разом / посадив разом (з Христом)
Transliteration: ozhyvyty razom / voskresyv razom / posadyv razom (z Khrystom)
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: συζωοποιέω / συνεγείρω / συγκαθίζω
Category: Salvation
New term. Ephesians 2:5-6, three deliberate συν- compounds (συζωοποιέω, συνεγείρω, συγκαθίζω). The ‘together with Christ’ force must be preserved consistently across all three verbs; an ‘already’ (realized) statement that must not be softened into a merely future hope, nor over-realized into a claim of present divinization (обоження) — a legal/positional statement of standing ‘in Christ.‘
Gift Of Salvation
Approved rendering: дар
Transliteration: dar
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: δῶρον
Category: Salvation
New term. Ephesians 2:8. Names the single gift of salvation itself; must be distinguished from δωρεά/δόμα (ministry-enablement gifts, ch.4, see ministry_gift) to prevent conflating ‘Salvation by Grace through Faith’ with ‘Gifts for Building Up the Church.’ Reserve дар (singular, unqualified) strictly for this soteriological sense.
Workmanship
Approved rendering: творіння / вироб Божий
Transliteration: tvorinnya / vyrib Bozhyy
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: ποίημα / κτίζω
Category: Salvation
New term. Ephesians 2:10 (ποίημα/κτίζω). Must be distinguished in exposition from the same word used for God’s original cosmic creation (κτίσις) and from the Galatians baseline’s нове творіння (new creation, Gal 6:15) — related but not identical concepts.
Prepared Beforehand
Approved rendering: наперед приготував
Transliteration: naperid pryhotuvav
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: προετοιμάζω
Category: Salvation
New term. Ephesians 2:10 (προετοιμάζω). Connects directly to προορίζω (predestine, 1:5, 1:11); personal, purposive divine planning, not fatalistic доля.
Purpose Of God
Approved rendering: задум / намір
Transliteration: zadum / namir
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Original: πρόθεσις
Category: God
New term. Ephesians 1:11 (πρόθεσις). Must be kept distinct from доля (fate) exactly as the baseline requires for провидіння Боже (providence) — personal, purposive planning, not impersonal destiny.
Inheritance
Approved rendering: спадщина / спадок
Transliteration: spadshchyna / spadok
Doctrine: Adoption and Inheritance in Christ
Original: κληρονομία / κλῆρος
Category: Salvation
New term. Ephesians 1:11, 1:14, 1:18; 5:5 (κληρονομία/κλῆρος). Must be explicitly linked to усиновлення (adoption) in exposition — the inheritance is the content of what full adoption secures; shares adoption’s acute wartime-orphans emotional weight.
Great Mystery Marriage
Approved rendering: велика тайна / таємниця
Transliteration: velyka tayna / tayemnytsya
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
Original: μυστήριον μέγα
Category: Mystery
New term. Ephesians 5:32 (μυστήριον μέγα). Must not be read as elevating marriage to a salvific sacrament displacing this curriculum’s forensic salvation doctrine — a live contrast with Orthodox/Greek Catholic sacramental theology (marriage as one of the seven Mysteries/Таїнства); Paul’s point is typological, not sacramental-salvific.
Head Headship
Approved rendering: голова
Transliteration: holova
Doctrine: Christ’s Headship and Supremacy
Original: κεφαλή
Category: Christology
New term. Ephesians 1:22; 4:15; 5:23 (κεφαλή). Dual application (Christ/church, chapters 1 and 4; husband/wife, chapter 5) requires the self-sacrificial model (5:25, Christ’s own self-giving love) to be foregrounded over any reading that isolates ‘head’ as bare authority/hierarchy.
Fullness
Approved rendering: повнота
Transliteration: povnota
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: πλήρωμα
Category: Church
New term. Ephesians 1:23; 3:19; 4:13 (πλήρωμα). Must be tracked consistently across all occurrences as one unified concept; must not be confused with Gnostic ‘pleroma’ concepts nor New Age ‘fullness/wholeness’ wellness usage. 3:19’s ‘filled with all the fullness of God’ requires theosis-adjacent care — relational/moral filling, not ontological absorption.
Temple
Approved rendering: храм
Transliteration: khram
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: ναός
Category: Church
New term. Ephesians 2:21 (ναός). The baseline rejects храм as a substitute for церква generally, but here храм correctly renders ναός itself; exposition must make unmistakably clear the referent is the people, not a physical building, resolving rather than reproducing the confusion the baseline warns against elsewhere.
Fellow Heirs Partakers
Approved rendering: співспадкоємець / співчлен тіла / співучасник
Transliteration: spivspadkoyemets’ / spivchlen tila / spivuchasnyk
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: συγκληρονόμος / σύσσωμος / συμμέτοχος
Category: Church
New term. Ephesians 3:6 (συγκληρονόμος / σύσσωμος / συμμέτοχος). Rare triple Pauline compound; expound as three angles on one claim — full equality, not mere inclusion. Explicit note required that the repetition itself is Paul’s rhetorical emphasis, since triple near-synonym compounding is otherwise unusual Ukrainian style.
Grieve The Spirit
Approved rendering: засмучувати Святого Духа
Transliteration: zasmuchuvaty Svyatoho Dukha
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: λυπέω τὸ Πνεῦμα
Category: God
New term. Ephesians 4:30 (λυπέω τὸ Πνεῦμα). Must retain Святий per the baseline’s mandatory caution against bare ‘дух’; presents the Spirit as a grievable person, not an impersonal force merely ‘disrupted.‘
Reconcile
Approved rendering: примирити
Transliteration: prymyryty
Doctrine: Reconciliation and Peace in Christ
Rejected alternatives: миритися (too generic, ‘make peace’)
Original: ἀποκαταλλάσσω
Category: Church
New term. Ephesians 2:16 (ἀποκαταλλάσσω). Decisive, cross-accomplished reconciliation, not ongoing negotiation or diplomatic process, a distinction worth making given мир’s live political resonance.
Fellow Citizens
Approved rendering: співгромадянин
Transliteration: spivhromadyanyn
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: συμπολίτης
Category: Church
New term. Ephesians 2:19 (συμπολίτης). громадянин carries strong contemporary civic-national resonance in wartime Ukraine (conscription eligibility, national belonging); this heavenly citizenship metaphor should be taught so its dignity is felt without competing with the reader’s earthly Ukrainian civic identity.
Unity Of Spirit Bond Of Peace
Approved rendering: єдність Духа / зв’язок миру
Transliteration: yednist’ Dukha / zv’yazok myru
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: ἑνότης τοῦ πνεύματος / σύνδεσμος τῆς εἰρήνης
Category: Church
New term. Ephesians 4:3 (ἑνότης τοῦ πνεύματος / σύνδεσμος τῆς εἰρήνης). Must not be heard as institutional/jurisdictional unity (an implicit comment on OCU/UOC/UGCC relations); this is Spirit-given unity among all true believers regardless of church body. мир here carries the baseline’s wartime resonance caution.
Ministry Offices
Approved rendering: апостол / пророк / євангелист / пастир / учитель
Transliteration: apostol / prorok / yevanhelyst / pastyr / uchytel’
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: ἀπόστολος / προφήτης / εὐαγγελιστής / ποιμήν / διδάσκαλος
Category: Church
New term (apostle/prophet inherited, evangelist/pastor/teacher new). Ephesians 4:11. пастир risks conflation with denominationally specific Protestant ‘пастор’ titling, while Orthodox/Greek Catholic readers hear priestly/episcopal categories (панотець, владика); present as a functional gift, jurisdiction-neutral.
Filled With Spirit
Approved rendering: наповнюватися Духом
Transliteration: napovnyuvatysya Dukhom
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holy Living
Original: πληρόω ἐν Πνεύματι
Category: Sanctification
New term. Ephesians 5:18 (πληρόω ἐν Πνεύματι). Must retain capitalized Святим Духом per the baseline’s mandatory caution; the present-tense, ongoing force must be preserved and distinguished from any tradition’s specific sacramental ‘filling’ rite (e.g. chrismation).
Slave Master
Approved rendering: раб / пан, слуга / господар
Transliteration: rab / pan, sluha / hospodar
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Original: δοῦλος / κύριος (household)
Category: Household Relationships
New term. Ephesians 6:5-9 (δοῦλος / κύριος, household sense). раб inevitably evokes Ukraine’s own historical memory of кріпацтво (serfdom, abolished 1861) and Soviet-era forced labor; exposition must clearly distinguish the ancient institution Paul addresses from these later, distinct Ukrainian historical experiences, and foreground 6:9’s radical hierarchy-relativizing point (shared heavenly Master, no partiality).
Ruler Satan
Approved rendering: князь
Transliteration: knyaz’
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: ἄρχων
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New term. Ephesians 2:2 (ἄρχων). князь is a historically resonant, dignified Ukrainian word (medieval Kyivan Rus’ princes, a source of national pride) and must be clearly marked in context as Paul’s title for Satan, with explicit first-occurrence glossing, to prevent any positive historical association bleeding through.
Authority Power Spiritual
Approved rendering: влада
Transliteration: vlada
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New term. Ephesians 2:2; 6:12 (ἐξουσία). влада is an acutely live political word in current Ukrainian civic discourse; requires an explicit adjectival fence every occurrence (‘духовна влада’ / ‘космічна влада темряви’), never bare влада in these passages, plus an explicit exposition sentence disclaiming any earthly-political referent.
Whole Armor Of God
Approved rendering: повна Божа зброя / повний обладунок Божий
Transliteration: povna Bozha zbroya / povnyy obladunok Bozhyy
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Rejected alternatives: панопліє (never use — unattested neologism)
Original: πανοπλία τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New term. Ephesians 6:10-17 (πανοπλία τοῦ θεοῦ). Given the literal, immediate reality of military equipment in current Ukrainian daily life, requires explicit, repeated grounding in the text’s own clarification (6:12, ‘not against flesh and blood’) so the passage is not misheard as endorsing or spiritually validating a literal war effort.
Cosmic Powers Of Darkness
Approved rendering: начала, власті, володарі темряви цього світу, духи злоби
Transliteration: nachala, vlasti, volodari temryavy tsʹoho svitu, dukhy zloby
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: ἀρχαί, ἐξουσίαι, κοσμοκράτορες τοῦ σκότους, πνευματικὰ τῆς πονηρίας
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New term. Ephesians 6:12 (ἀρχαί, ἐξουσίαι, κοσμοκράτορες τοῦ σκότους, πνευματικὰ τῆς πονηρίας). Must be unmistakably cosmic-spiritual, with zero reference to any earthly government, political authority, or the current invading state.
Armor Pieces
Approved rendering: пояс правди / нагрудник праведності / взуття готовності Євангелія (миру) / щит віри / шолом спасіння / меч Духа
Transliteration: poyas pravdy / nahrudnyk pravednosti / vzuttya hotovnosti Yevanheliya (myru) / shchyt viry / sholom spasinnya / mech Dukha
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: ζώνη τῆς ἀληθείας / θώραξ τῆς δικαιοσύνης / ὑπόδημα ἑτοιμασίας τοῦ εὐαγγελίου / θυρεὸς τῆς πίστεως / περικεφαλαία τοῦ σωτηρίου / μάχαιρα τοῦ Πνεύματος
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New term. Ephesians 6:14-17. Each compound must reuse the exact established rendering for its embedded doctrinal noun (праведність, віра, спасіння, Дух — all Critical/High). Vivid military vocabulary is a comprehension asset but must remain anchored to the spiritual, non-literal referent.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: апостол
Transliteration: apostol
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Rejected alternatives: посланець, проповідник
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Shared, uncontested term across all Ukrainian Christian traditions. Ephesians 2:20 (foundation of apostles and prophets) and 4:11 (ministry office) both apply.
Called
Approved rendering: покликаний
Transliteration: poklykanyy
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Rejected alternatives: запрошений
Inherited from Romans package. запрошений (invited) too weak, must not be used. Ephesians 4:1 (‘the calling with which you have been called’) applies this adjectival sense.
Calling
Approved rendering: покликання
Transliteration: poklykannya
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Rejected alternatives: призначення
Original: κλῆσις
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package. Modern secular sense (‘career vocation’) is a helpful bridge but must be anchored to God’s initiative. Ephesians 4:1, 4:4 open the letter’s ethical section as flowing from, not earning, this calling.
Holy
Approved rendering: святий
Transliteration: svyatyy
Doctrine: Sanctification and Holy Living
Rejected alternatives: чистий, непорочний
Inherited from Romans package. Strong association with canonized saints/icons requires clarifying that all believers are called holy. Ephesians 1:4 (‘holy and blameless’) and 5:27 apply.
Resurrection
Approved rendering: воскресіння
Transliteration: voskresinnya
Doctrine: Christ’s Headship and Supremacy
Rejected alternatives: оживлення, реінкарнація
Original: ἀνάστασις (cf. συνεγείρω, Eph 2:6)
Category: Eschatology
Inherited from Romans package. Cultural centrality (Великдень) is reinforced by Ephesians 2:6’s συνεγείρω compound (‘raised us up with him’), which must retain the ‘together with Christ’ force per the made_alive_raised_seated_with_christ entry.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: Син Божий
Transliteration: Syn Bozhyy
Doctrine: Christ’s Headship and Supremacy
Rejected alternatives: божественний посланець
Original: υἱὸς θεοῦ
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Settled Nicene-heritage term shared across all traditions. Ephesians 4:13 references ‘the knowledge of the Son of God’ as the church’s corporate maturity-goal.
Spiritual Gifts
Approved rendering: духовні дари
Transliteration: dukhovni dary
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Rejected alternatives: екстрасенсорні здібності (never use), таланти
Original: χαρίσματα (cf. δωρεά/δόμα, Eph 4:7-8)
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians itself uses δωρεά/δόμα (see ministry_gift) rather than χάρισμα, but names the same underlying reality; the offices of 4:11 are this doctrine’s concrete expression.
Law
Approved rendering: закон
Transliteration: zakon
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Rejected alternatives: правило, заповідь (reserve for individual commandments)
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 2:15 (‘abolishing the law of commandments and ordinances’) uses this term as the abolished ethnic-boundary law that formerly divided Jew and Gentile; 6:2’s citation of the fifth commandment (‘with a promise’) is a distinct positive use — keep these two applications clear in exposition.
Glory
Approved rendering: слава
Transliteration: slava
Doctrine: Christ’s Headship and Supremacy
Rejected alternatives: шана, велич
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. ‘Слава Україні’ patriotic resonance must be kept clear from God’s own glory. Ephesians 1:6, 12, 14, 17, 18; 3:13, 16, 21 use слава with unusual frequency, structuring the whole opening doxology; always pair with an explicit divine referent (‘слава Божа’ / ‘Його слава’), never bare слава.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: сила Божа
Transliteration: syla Bozha
Doctrine: Prayer for Spiritual Strength
Rejected alternatives: енергія
Original: δύναμις θεοῦ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. енергія must be avoided given its Palamite technical resonance. Ephesians 1:19 and 3:20 use this term in immediate proximity to ἐνέργεια/ἐνεργέω (see at_work_operating), doubling this caution’s force.
Covenant
Approved rendering: завіт(и)
Transliteration: zavit(y)
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Rejected alternatives: договір, угода
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 2:12 uses the plural διαθῆκαι τῆς ἐπαγγελίας (‘covenants of the promise’); the Ukrainian plural завіти is grammatically unusual and may require a footnote gloss, but the singular rendering itself must not be altered.
Jesus
Approved rendering: Ісус
Transliteration: Isus
Doctrine: Christ’s Headship and Supremacy
Rejected alternatives: Иисус (Russian spelling, never use)
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package. Always Ісус, never the Russian spelling Иисус.
God
Approved rendering: Бог
Transliteration: Boh
Doctrine: Election and Predestination in Christ
Rejected alternatives: Всевишній (acceptable poetic synonym only)
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package. No deviation warranted for Ephesians.
Dead Spiritually
Approved rendering: мертвий
Transliteration: mertvyy
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Rejected alternatives: слабкий (never soften to ‘weak’), хворий (never soften to ‘sick’)
Original: νεκρός
Category: Sin
New term. Ephesians 2:1, 5. Must not be softened to ‘weak’ or ‘sick’ — Ephesians 2:5’s contrast (‘made us alive’) depends on total, not partial, prior inability.
Desires Of Flesh
Approved rendering: пожадливість / бажання
Transliteration: pozhadlyvist’ / bazhannya
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: ἐπιθυμία
Category: Sin
New term. Ephesians 2:3, following Ohienko’s phrasing (‘пожадливості тіла нашого’). The universalizing ‘we all’ (καὶ ἡμεῖς πάντες, including Paul and Jewish believers) must not be lost — not a Gentile-specific vice list.
Mercy
Approved rendering: милосердя / милість
Transliteration: myloserdya / mylist’
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: ἔλεος
Category: God
New term. Ephesians 2:4. Must be kept distinct in exposition from благодать: mercy answers our misery (2:1’s deadness), grace answers our unworthiness (2:5,8); conflating the two flattens Paul’s rhetorical build toward v.8’s climactic χάριτί.
Heavenly Places
Approved rendering: небесні місця / небесні сфери
Transliteration: nebesni mistsya / nebesni sfery
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: ἐπουράνιος
Category: Eschatology
New term. Ephesians 1:3, 1:20, 2:6, 3:10, 6:12. Must be rendered consistently across all five occurrences so readers perceive one coherent spiritual location, not five unrelated idioms.
Boast
Approved rendering: хвалитися
Transliteration: khvalytysya
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: καυχάομαι
Category: Salvation
New term. Ephesians 2:9. Echoes the baseline’s слава caution — human boasting is precisely what is excluded so that God alone receives glory.
Walk
Approved rendering: ходити
Transliteration: khodyty
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Rejected alternatives: жити, поводитися, чинити (all rejected as inconsistency-inducing synonyms)
Original: περιπατέω
Category: Sanctification
New term. Ephesians’s signature ethical-life metaphor, recurring at 2:2, 2:10, 4:1, 4:17, 5:2, 5:8, 5:15. Must render identically (ходити) across all six occurrences to preserve the letter’s structuring ‘walk’ motif and the deliberate 2:2/2:10 before-after inclusio; a workflow/consistency rule, not merely a lexical choice.
Sealed
Approved rendering: запечатати
Transliteration: zapechataty
Doctrine: Sealing and Guarantee of the Spirit
Original: σφραγίζω
Category: Salvation
New term. Ephesians 1:13; 4:30 (σφραγίζω). Must not be confused with освячення’s everyday ‘blessing of objects’ sense (свячення паски); this seal is upon the person, marking secure ownership, not a ritual object-blessing.
Guarantee Pledge
Approved rendering: запорука
Transliteration: zaporuka
Doctrine: Sealing and Guarantee of the Spirit
Rejected alternatives: застава (rejected — unwanted loan-collateral/pawn-shop connotation)
Original: ἀρραβών
Category: Salvation
New term. Ephesians 1:14 (ἀρραβών). запорука conveys ‘guarantee/pledge’ without unwanted financial-collateral connotation; benefits from brief first-occurrence explanation (‘як завдаток, що гарантує повне спадкове право’).
Administration Of Grace
Approved rendering: Божий задум / устрій спасіння / Богом дане служіння благодаті
Transliteration: Bozhyy zadum / ustriy spasinnya / Bohom dane sluzhinnya blahodati
Doctrine: The Mystery of Christ Revealed
Original: οἰκονομία (τῆς χάριτος)
Category: Mystery
New term. Ephesians 3:2, 3:9 (οἰκονομία τῆς χάριτος). No single settled Ukrainian equivalent exists; must be defined explicitly on first use, kept distinct from πρόθεσις (purpose) and провидіння Боже (providence) despite semantic overlap.
Unite Sum Up
Approved rendering: об’єднати (все) в Христі
Transliteration: ob’yednaty (vse) v Khrysti
Doctrine: Christ’s Headship and Supremacy
Original: ἀνακεφαλαιόω
Category: Church
New term. Ephesians 1:10 (ἀνακεφαλαιόω). Loses the κεφαλή (head) root pun invisibly in translation; must supply an explicit exposition note linking 1:10 forward to голова/headship theology (4:15, 5:23).
Cornerstone Foundation
Approved rendering: наріжний камінь / основа / фундамент
Transliteration: narizhnyy kamin’ / osnova / fundament
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: θεμέλιος / ἀκρογωνιαῖος (λίθος)
Category: Church
New term. Ephesians 2:20 (θεμέλιος / ἀκρογωνιαῖος λίθος). наріжний камінь is an established, recognizable Ukrainian Bible idiom; ensure the specifically Christological referent (Christ himself) is retained, not merely ‘an important founding principle.‘
Strangers Aliens
Approved rendering: чужі / чужинці / приходьки
Transliteration: chuzhi / chuzhyntsi / prykhod’ky
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: ξένος / πάροικος
Category: Covenant
New term. Ephesians 2:12, 2:19 (ξένος / πάροικος). чужинці is a rejected alternative specifically for погани (gentiles) in the baseline TM; here it renders a different Greek word describing covenant-status, not ethnic identity — translators must ensure exposition does not blur the two distinct cautions.
Dividing Wall
Approved rendering: розділяюча стіна / перегородка
Transliteration: rozdilyayucha stina / perehorodka
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles in One New Humanity
Original: μεσότοιχον τοῦ φραγμοῦ
Category: Church
New term. Ephesians 2:14 (μεσότοιχον τοῦ φραγμοῦ). Benefits from brief Temple-background explanation for readers without continuous Second Temple exposure.
Ministry Gift
Approved rendering: обдарування / дар(и)
Transliteration: obdaruvannya / dar(y)
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: δωρεά / δόμα
Category: Church
New term. Ephesians 4:7-8, 4:11 (δωρεά / δόμα). Distinct from δῶρον (2:8, salvation itself, see gift_of_salvation). Use обдарування or дари (plural, qualified with ‘служіння’/‘для Церкви’) for this ministry sense; require a one-time cross-reference note the first time both senses appear in the same lesson.
Equipping
Approved rendering: приготування / спорядження
Transliteration: pryhotuvannya / sporyadzhennya
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: καταρτισμός
Category: Church
New term. Ephesians 4:12 (καταρτισμός). Should be explicitly framed as equipping the whole congregation for ministry, not concentrating ministry solely in ordained clergy.
Obey Honor
Approved rendering: слухатися / шанувати
Transliteration: slukhatysya / shanuvaty
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Original: ὑπακούω / τιμάω
Category: Household Relationships
New term. Ephesians 6:1-3 (ὑπακούω / τιμάω). слухатися names ordinary filial obedience and must not be confused with, or substitute for, послух віри (obedience of faith), the baseline’s distinct soteriological term.
Devil
Approved rendering: диявол
Transliteration: dyyavol
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: διάβολος
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New term. Ephesians 4:27; 6:11 (διάβολος). Standard, established, uncontested term across all Ukrainian Christian traditions.
Ambassador In Chains
Approved rendering: посол у кайданах / посланець у ланцюгах
Transliteration: posol u kaydanakh / poslanets’ u lantsyuhakh
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: πρεσβεύω ἐν ἁλύσει
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New term. Ephesians 6:20 (πρεσβεύω ἐν ἁλύσει). Given the current prominence of Ukrainian POWs and detained civilians, this image carries genuine immediate resonance; introduce with pastoral sensitivity, not as a merely historical detail.
Renewed
Approved rendering: оновити / обновити
Transliteration: onovyty / obnovyty
Doctrine: New Self and Renewal of Mind
Original: ἀνακαινόω
Category: Sanctification
New term. Ephesians 4:23 (ἀνακαινόω). The present-tense, ongoing force (‘being renewed’) must be preserved against a one-time-event misreading, paralleling освячення’s ongoing-process caution.
Offering And Sacrifice
Approved rendering: приношення і жертва
Transliteration: prynoshennya i zhertva
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: προσφορὰ καὶ θυσία
Category: Christology
New term. Ephesians 5:2 (προσφορὰ καὶ θυσία). Benefits from brief OT sacrificial-system background for readers without continuous Levitical exposure.
Vice List
Approved rendering: розпуста / нечистота / зажерливість
Transliteration: rozpusta / nechystota / zazherlyvist’
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: πορνεία / ἀκαθαρσία / πλεονεξία
Category: Sanctification
New term. Ephesians 5:3-5 (πορνεία / ἀκαθαρσία / πλεονεξία). Standard vocabulary; connects to Царство Боже’s established caution against imperial/царський resonance (5:5’s ‘kingdom of Christ and God’).
Children Of Light
Approved rendering: діти світла
Transliteration: dity svitla
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: τέκνα φωτός
Category: Sanctification
New term. Ephesians 5:8 (τέκνα φωτός). Straightforward; part of the light/darkness ethical contrast running through chapter 5.
Forgiving
Approved rendering: прощати
Transliteration: proshchaty
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: χαρίζομαι
Category: Sanctification
New term. Ephesians 4:32 (χαρίζομαι). High teaching value: shares its Greek root with χάρις (grace) though not the Ukrainian root; worth an explicit exposition note that the same grace that saves (2:8) patterns interpersonal forgiveness.
Low Risk Terms
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: подяка
Transliteration: podyaka
Doctrine: Thanksgiving
Inherited from Romans package. Standard term across all traditions. Ephesians 1:16 (‘I do not cease to give thanks for you’) and 5:20 apply.
Fellowship
Approved rendering: спілкування
Transliteration: spilkuvannya
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: дружба, колектив (avoid Soviet-collective connotation)
Inherited from Romans package. колектив must be avoided. Low-frequency in Ephesians relative to Romans, but the same caution applies wherever shared church life is described.
Prophet
Approved rendering: пророк
Transliteration: prorok
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ворожбит, екстрасенс
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant
Inherited from Romans package. Ephesians 2:20 and 3:5 apply this term to the New Testament foundational-revelatory office alongside apostles; 4:11 applies it to the ongoing ministry gift.
Trespasses
Approved rendering: провина
Transliteration: provyna
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: παράπτωμα
Category: Sin
New term. Follows Ohienko’s established Ephesians 2:1 phrasing (‘через ваші провини й гріхи’). Low ambiguity; reuse verbatim across all Ephesians occurrences (1:7, 2:1, 2:5).
Riches
Approved rendering: багатство / багатий / доброта
Transliteration: bahatstvo / bahatyy / dobrota
Doctrine: Salvation by Grace through Faith
Original: πλοῦτος / πλούσιος / χρηστότης
Category: Salvation
New term. Ephesians 1:7, 1:18, 2:4, 2:7, 3:8, 3:16 — a favorite Ephesians thematic cluster (πλοῦτος/πλούσιος/χρηστότης). Standard vocabulary; track consistency across occurrences.
Dwelling Place
Approved rendering: житло / оселя (Божа)
Transliteration: zhytlo / oselya (Bozha)
Doctrine: The Church as the Body of Christ
Original: κατοικητήριον
Category: Church
New term. Ephesians 2:22 (κατοικητήριον). Standard; reinforces ναός/temple imagery of 2:21.
Access
Approved rendering: доступ
Transliteration: dostup
Doctrine: Reconciliation and Peace in Christ
Original: προσαγωγή
Category: Church
New term. Ephesians 2:18 (προσαγωγή). Standard, clear.
Building Up
Approved rendering: збудування / зростання
Transliteration: zbuduvannya / zrostannya
Doctrine: Gifts for Building Up the Church
Original: οἰκοδομή
Category: Church
New term. Ephesians 4:12, 4:16, 4:29 (οἰκοδομή). Extends the baseline’s Low-risk mutual_edification doctrine; ensure consistent rendering across all three occurrences.
Fruit Of Light
Approved rendering: плід світла
Transliteration: plid svitla
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Rejected alternatives: плоди світла (never pluralize)
Original: καρπὸς τοῦ φωτός
Category: Sanctification
New term. Ephesians 5:9 (καρπὸς τοῦ φωτός, cf. manuscript variant πνεύματος). Keep the singular ‘fruit’ form per the Galatians baseline’s established caution against pluralizing плід.
Savior Title
Approved rendering: Спаситель
Transliteration: Spasytel’
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Christology
New term. Ephesians 5:23 (σωτήρ, title, distinct from the abstract noun σωτηρία/спасіння). Standard, uncontested title across all three living traditions.
Eye Service
Approved rendering: показне служіння / служіння на показ
Transliteration: pokazne sluzhinnya / sluzhinnya na pokaz
Doctrine: Household Codes and Christ-Centered Relationships
Original: ὀφθαλμοδουλία
Category: Household Relationships
New term. Ephesians 6:6 (ὀφθαλμοδουλία). Vivid, transparent compound, low ambiguity.
Word Of God Rhema
Approved rendering: слово Боже
Transliteration: slovo Bozhe
Doctrine: Spiritual Warfare and the Armor of God
Original: ῥῆμα θεοῦ
Category: Spiritual Warfare
New term. Ephesians 6:17 (ῥῆμα θεοῦ). Standard; ῥῆμα’s narrower ‘spoken utterance’ nuance versus λόγος carries no major doctrinal weight for this curriculum.
Prayer Supplication
Approved rendering: молитва / благання
Transliteration: molytva / blahannya
Doctrine: Prayer for Spiritual Strength
Original: προσευχή / δέησις
Category: Faith
New term. Ephesians 6:18 (προσευχή / δέησις); extends into Paul’s prayers of 1:15-23 and 3:14-21. Standard vocabulary.
Imitators
Approved rendering: подобитель / наслідувач
Transliteration: podobytel’ / nasliduvach
Doctrine: Walking in Newness of Life
Original: μιμητής
Category: Sanctification
New term. Ephesians 5:1 (μιμητής). наслідувач preferred for modern register.
Referenced passages