Core Glossary
Core Glossary — English → Dogri | 1 John 1–5
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in analysis/07_semantic_analysis.md, drawn from the core passage (1 John 4:7–21) and every chapter of 1 John (1–5). Terms already present in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json are marked REUSE and carry their baseline rendering and risk tier unchanged, per the authority rule that established renderings must be reused exactly. New terms, first required by this curriculum, are marked NEW and are proposed here for entry into translation memory (pending Phase 1 Step 8/Phase 2 confirmation workflow).
Risk tiers follow the baseline’s doctrine_risk_registry.json definitions exactly:
- Critical — human theologian review required for every occurrence.
- High — human theologian review required.
- Medium — native speaker review recommended.
- Low — automated review sufficient.
Table 1 — Reused Baseline Terms (Critical/High Priority)
| Term | Greek | Dogri (reuse) | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine(s) | 1 John chapters | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | θεός | परमेश्वर | Parmeshwar | Critical | God is Light/Love; all | 1–5 | Reuse exactly; never भगवान. |
| Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | यीशु | Yishu | Critical | Incarnation; Antichrist | 1–5 | Reuse exactly. |
| Messiah/Christ | Χριστός | मसीह | Masih | Critical | Incarnation; Antichrist; Assurance | 2, 4, 5 | Reuse exactly; the confession “Jesus is the Christ” (5:1; cf. 2:22) is a Critical-tier escalation trigger. |
| Son of God | υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ | परमेश्वर दा पुत्तर | Parmeshwar da puttar | Critical | Sonship/Deity of Christ | 3, 4, 5 | Reuse exactly. |
| Incarnation (“come in the flesh”) | ἐν σαρκὶ ἐληλυθότα | मानखे दा रूप लैना | mankhe da roop laina | Critical | The Incarnation and Antichrist | 4 | Reuse exactly; NEVER अवतार. The 4:2 confession test is the doctrinal center of this curriculum’s Antichrist doctrine. |
| Father | πατήρ | पिता | pita | Critical | Fellowship; Sonship | 1, 2, 4 | Reuse exactly. |
| Holy Spirit | πνεῦμα (ἅγιον, contextual) | पवित्तर आत्मा | pavittar aatma | Critical | Fellowship; Assurance; Testing the Spirits (contrast term) | 3, 4, 5 | Reuse exactly; never शक्ति or bare परमात्मा. |
| Faith / believe | πίστις / πιστεύω | भरोसा | bharosa | High | Faith; Overcoming the World; Assurance | 4, 5 | Reuse exactly; object of faith (Jesus as the Christ, the Son of God) must always be specified. |
| Sin | ἁμαρτία | पाप | paap | High | Confession and Forgiveness of Sin | 1, 2, 3, 5 | Reuse exactly. |
| Righteousness | δικαιοσύνη | धरमीपन | dharmipan | Critical | Love/New Birth (practicing righteousness) | 2, 3 | Reuse exactly; never bare धरम. |
| Law | νόμος (implicit, ἀνομία) | व्यवस्था | vyavastha | Medium/High | Confession of Sin (lawlessness) | 3 | Reuse root exactly in अनोमिया’s negated construction. |
| Salvation | σωτηρία (implicit, σωτήρ) | उद्धार | uddhar | Critical | Assurance of Salvation | 4 | Reuse root exactly; उद्धारकर्ता (Savior) built on this root — see Table 2. |
| Prophet | προφήτης | नबी | nabi | Low/Medium | Testing the Spirits (false prophets) | 4 | Reuse exactly; negated as झूठा नबी. |
| Fellowship | κοινωνία | संगत | sangat | High (elevated from baseline’s Low) | Fellowship with God and One Another | 1 | Rendering reused exactly; risk tier elevated for this curriculum because 1 John makes fellowship a headline doctrine, requiring theologian-level review attention rather than automated-only review. |
| Intercession (pattern reused for Advocate) | ὑπερεντυγχάνει-type construction | बिचाल्ले होइयै [X] | bichalle hoiyai [X] | High | Confession/Forgiveness (Advocate) | 2 | Construction pattern reused exactly; extended to build नवां “Advocate” term (Table 2). |
Table 2 — New Critical-Risk Terms (require dedicated theologian review)
| Term | Greek | Dogri rendering | Transliteration | Doctrine | Chapters | Grounded reason for Critical tier | Alternatives rejected |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Love (noun/verb) | ἀγάπη / ἀγαπάω | प्रेम / प्रेम करना | prem / prem karna | God is Light and God is Love; Love for the Brethren | 2, 3, 4, 5 | प्रेम carries strong North Indian bhakti-devotional and folk-romance connotations (Radha-Krishna prem, Punjabi folk-romance ballad tradition); “God is love” (4:8,16) must not be read as validating any intense devotional or romantic feeling as itself divine encounter. | प्यार (too casual/romantic-register); स्नेह (too weak, merely familial affection) |
| Eternal life | ζωὴ αἰώνιος | अनन्त जीवन | anant jeevan | Assurance of Salvation and Eternal Life | 1, 5 | Must not be taught as the soul’s (ātman’s) inherent immortality awaiting liberation (moksha); it is a gift given only “in the Son” (5:11-12), received not innate. | मोक्ष (liberation, never use); शाश्वत आत्मा-सिद्धांत framing (never assume innate immortality) |
| Born of God / new birth | γεννάω ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ | परमेश्वर थमां नमां जनम | Parmeshwar thaman naman janam | Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth | 2, 3, 4, 5 | Direct collision risk with पुनर्जन्म (reincarnation/rebirth cycle), the dominant regional framework for “birth/rebirth” vocabulary; must be taught as a single, permanent, non-repeatable spiritual transformation, never a cycle. | पुनर्जन्म (NEVER — reincarnation); बार-बार जन्म (implies repeatability) |
| Propitiation / atoning sacrifice | ἱλασμός | पापां दी माफी आस्तै दित्ता बलिदान | paapan di maafi aastae ditta balidaan | Confession and Forgiveness of Sin | 2, 4 | बलिदान/बली carries strong association with animal sacrifice at the Bahu Fort Kali shrine, a repeatable, deity-appeasing ritual; Christ’s sacrifice must be taught as once-for-all, God-provided, and justice-satisfying, not appetite-appeasing. | प्रायश्चित (self-earned ritual expiation, reintroduces merit logic already rejected for “grace”) |
| Anointing (of the Spirit) | χρῖσμα | पवित्तर आत्मा दा दान | pavittar aatma da daan | Fellowship; Testing the Spirits | 2 | अभिषेक is the standard term for the major Hindu ritual of anointing a deity’s image/liṅgam with sacred substances; using it here risks recasting the Spirit’s gift as a ritual act performed on an image rather than a relational indwelling. | अभिषेक (NEVER — Hindu image-anointing ritual) |
| Seeing God (“no one has ever seen God”) | θεάομαι / ὁράω | किसी नै भी परमेश्वर गी कदी नईं डिट्ठा | kisi nai bhi Parmeshwar gi kadi nai dittha | Fellowship with God; Assurance | 3, 4 | Directly confronts darshan theology (visual beholding of a deity’s form/image), the central devotional technology at Vaishno Devi, Raghunath Mandir, and Bahu Fort; must be taught as redirecting the mode of relationship from visual beholding toward love as the visible evidence of God’s invisible presence. | Any rendering implying darshan is simply unavailable/denied without redirection to love as the alternative mode of assurance |
| Savior | σωτήρ | उद्धारकर्ता | uddharkarta | Assurance of Salvation | 4 | Built on उद्धार root (already Critical in baseline); must never shift toward मुक्ति-adjacent liberation-framing. | मुक्तिदाता (liberator from samsara, NEVER) |
| Idols | εἴδωλον | मूर्तियां (sing. मूर्ति) | murtiyan (murti) | The Incarnation and Antichrist (implicit); closing exhortation | 5 | मूर्ति is the precise, everyday word for the deity-images venerated at Raghunath Mandir, Bahu Fort, and household shrines; this is the single most direct textual confrontation with regional devotional practice in the whole book and must be translated boldly, without softening, per the baseline’s doctrinal preservation rule. | Any euphemistic softening (e.g., generic “false things”) that avoids naming image-worship directly |
Table 3 — New High-Risk Terms (require theologian review)
| Term | Greek | Dogri rendering | Transliteration | Doctrine | Chapters | Grounded reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| World (ethical/system sense) | κόσμος | दुनिया | duniya | Overcoming the World | 2, 4, 5 | Deliberately not संसार, the Hindu philosophical term for the illusory, transmigratory phenomenal world/rebirth cycle; “overcoming the world” must not be re-heard as achieving liberation from saṃsāra through ascetic effort or gnosis. |
| Word of Life | ὁ λόγος τῆς ζωῆς | जीवन दा वचन | jeevan da vachan | Assurance; Incarnation | 1 | वचन kept distinct from व्यवस्था (Law); this names the apostolic testimony to the incarnate Christ, the embodied message of life. |
| Cleanse | καθαρίζω | पापां थमां साफ करना / धोना | paapan thaman saaf karna / dhona | Confession and Forgiveness of Sin | 1 | Deliberately avoids शुद्ध (already rejected in the baseline for “holy,” due to ritual-purity/temple-preparation associations). |
| Confess | ὁμολογέω | मन्नना | mannana | Confession and Forgiveness of Sin; Incarnation (confession test) | 1, 2, 4 | Must be distinguished from ritual religious declarations/vows spoken at a shrine; this is a specific truth-claim (about sin, or about Jesus’s identity) made before God. |
| Advocate | παράκλητος | बिचाल्ले होइयै वकील | bichalle hoiyai vakeel | Confession and Forgiveness of Sin | 2 | Must be distinguished from human priestly intermediaries (pandit/purohit) or shrine-based intercessory figures; Christ alone holds this unique, continuous role. |
| Antichrist | ἀντίχριστος | मसीह-विरोधी | masih-virodhi | The Incarnation and Antichrist | 2, 4 | Must be defined by John’s own criterion (denial of the Father and Son, denial of Jesus as the Christ), not assimilated to generic villain-figures from regional epic storytelling (e.g., Ravana), which would trivialize the doctrine. |
| Abide/remain | μένω | टिके रौह्ना | tike rehna | Fellowship with God and One Another; Assurance | 1, 2, 3, 4 | High-frequency Johannine term (20+ occurrences across the book); must be taught as relational, covenantal indwelling, not pantheistic immanence (God-in-all) or a static ritual state. |
| Test the spirits | δοκιμάζετε τὰ πνεύματα | आत्मां दी परख करना | aatman di parakh karna | Testing the Spirits | 4 | Must be distinguished from divination, astrology, or consulting a medium/oracle regarding ancestral or local spirits — a live regional folk practice. |
| Spirit of truth / spirit of error | πνεῦμα τῆς ἀληθείας / τῆς πλάνης | सच्चाई दी आत्मा / भरम दी आत्मा | sachchai di aatma / bharam di aatma | Testing the Spirits | 4 | आत्मा must be understood here as personal spiritual influence/being (divine or demonic), not the Vedantic ātman (universal Self/soul). |
| Children of God | τέκνα θεοῦ | परमेश्वर दी औलाद | Parmeshwar di aulad | Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth | 3 | Complements but must not be confused with baseline’s adoption term (गोद लैने आह् पुत्तर बनाना); both should be taught together as present family identity plus formal legal son-status. |
| Brother (fellow believer) | ἀδελφός | भाईं | bhaeen | Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth | 2, 3, 4, 5 | Must be taught as the new covenant family formed in Christ, not the inherited kin/clan “brother” bound by Dogra Rajput lineage-honor (izzat) obligations. |
| Only/unique (of the Son) | μονογενής | इकलौता | iklauta | Incarnation; Sonship of Christ | 4 | Positively reinforces the baseline’s anti-avatar guard: exactly one unique Son sent once, not one avatar among several recognized avatars. |
| Owe/ought (obligation to love) | ὀφείλω | फर्ज़ बनना | farz banna | God is Light and God is Love | 4 | Debt/obligation language sits close to the mannat (vow) economy’s repayment logic already flagged Critical for “grace”; must be taught as grateful response to already-received love, not a repayment that earns or completes favor. |
| Confidence/boldness | παρρησία | निडर भरोसा | nidar bharosa | Assurance of Salvation | 3, 4, 5 | Distinct from generic भरोसा (trust/faith); this is specifically fearless standing before a judge/authority, especially at final judgment. |
| Day of judgment | ἡμέρα τῆς κρίσεως | न्याय दा दिन | nyaya da din | Assurance of Salvation | 4 | Must be taught as a single, personal, future divine tribunal, not assimilated to karma-phal (automatic ripening of deeds) or Yama’s cyclical post-mortem reckoning. |
| Perfect/perfected (of love) | τέλειος / τελειόω | पूरा / पूरा होना | poora / poora hona | God is Light and God is Love | 4 | Deliberately avoids सिद्ध/सिद्धि, the standard term for ascetic/yogic spiritual attainment through self-effort; love’s completion here is God’s relational work, not self-achieved perfection. |
| Overcome / victory | νικάω / νίκη | जीतना / जित | jeetna / jit | Overcoming the World | 4, 5 | Must be distinguished from martial/honor-code victory resonant with Dogra Rajput warrior-honor (izzat) culture, and from ascetic renunciation (tapasya) as a path to liberation from worldly attachment. |
| Sin unto death | ἁμαρτία πρὸς θάνατον | मौत तक्कर लई जाने वाला पाप | maut takkar lai jaane vala paap | Confession and Forgiveness of Sin | 5 | Requires pastoral framing distinguishing this from unforgivable-sin anxiety and from ritually fatal impurity (bhitt) or karmically fatal acts; relates to persistent, unrepentant rejection of Christ. |
| Born of God does not sin (settled state) | ὁ γεννηθεὶς ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ οὐχ ἁμαρτάνει | परमेश्वर थमां जन्म लैता होया मनुक्ख पाप च नईं रौंह्दा | Parmeshwar thaman janam laita hoya mankh paap ch nai rehnda | New Birth; Assurance | 5 | Requires explicit harmonizing note with 1:9 (ongoing confession of sin) to avoid either despair or complacency. |
| True (of God, vs. idols) | ἀληθινός | सच्चा | sachcha | Incarnation and Antichrist (implicit); closing exhortation | 5 | Sets up 5:21’s idol-polemic; must retain sharp true/false contrast without softening. |
| Blood (of Jesus) | αἷμα | लौह् | lahu | Confession and Forgiveness of Sin | 1, 5 | Must be distinguished from animal-blood offerings (bali) at regional shrines; this is Christ’s own blood, given once, not a repeated human offering. |
Table 4 — New Medium-Risk Terms (native speaker review recommended)
| Term | Greek | Dogri rendering | Transliteration | Doctrine | Chapters | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Light | φῶς | प्रकाश | prakash | God is Light and God is Love | 1 | Deliberately not ज्योति, given ज्योति’s strong association with sacred-flame ritual (aarti, diya, jyoti-worship) at regional shrines. (Note: assessed Critical in Part A/B above for the doctrinal centrality of “God is Light”; retained here for cross-reference — treat as Critical in practice.) |
| Darkness | σκοτία | अंधकार | andhkar | God is Light and God is Love | 1 | Some risk of assimilation to guṇa-philosophy’s tamas; ethical-relational dualism, not cosmic-substance dualism. |
| Commandment | ἐντολή | हुकम | hukam | Confession/Forgiveness; Love for Brethren | 2, 3, 4, 5 | Kept distinct from व्यवस्था (Law/Torah as a body); a specific, personal command from Christ. |
| Truth | ἀλήθεια | सच्चाई | sachchai | multiple | 1, 2, 3 | Standard, low ambiguity beyond consistency. |
| Unrighteousness | ἀδικία | अधरमीपन | adharmipan | Confession and Forgiveness of Sin | 1 | Deliberate parallel negation of baseline’s धरमीपन. |
| Purify oneself | ἁγνίζω | आपने आपगी पवित्तर बनाना | apne aap gi pavittar banana | New Birth; Assurance | 3 | Reflexive ethical response to hope, distinguished from pre-pilgrimage ritual purification. |
| Lawlessness | ἀνομία | व्यवस्था दा उलंघन | vyavastha da ulanghan | Confession and Forgiveness of Sin | 3 | Reuses baseline व्यवस्था exactly. |
| Devil | διάβολος | शैतान | shaitan | Incarnation and Antichrist (background) | 3, 5 | Distinguished from generic asura/villain figures and from folk bhoot-pret beliefs. |
| Seed (of God, in believer) | σπέρμα | बीज | beej | New Birth | 3 | Low collision risk alone; teach alongside “born of God” Critical note. |
| Laid down his life | τὴν ψυχὴν ἔθηκεν | आपणी जिंद देइ ती | apni jind dei ti | Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth | 3 | Must not be equated with the Baba Jitto folk-martyr narrative; Christ’s self-giving is uniquely atoning and salvific. |
| Compassion (bowels of) | σπλάγχνα | दिल दा तरस | dil da taras | Love for the Brethren | 3 | Idiomatic; low independent risk. |
| Lust/desire | ἐπιθυμία | लालसा | laalsa | Overcoming the World | 2 | Deliberately not वासना, the technical Hindu-yogic term for karmic desire-impressions. |
| Pride of life | ἀλαζονεία τοῦ βίου | जिंदगी दा हंकार | zindagi da hankar | Overcoming the World | 2 | Standard moral-vocabulary term. |
| Punishment/torment | κόλασις | सज़ा / दंड | saza / dand | God is Light and God is Love | 4 | Standard, low ambiguity. |
| Testimony/witness | μαρτυρία / μαρτυρέω | गवाही | gawahi | Assurance of Salvation | 4, 5 | Legal-forensic register; must retain a personal, God-given rather than ritually-mediated sense. |
| Water (as testimony) | ὕδωρ | पाणी | paani | Assurance of Salvation | 5 | Refers to Christ’s baptism/ministry testimony, not ritual purification; brief clarifying note recommended given regional river-bathing traditions. |
| Fear | φόβος | डर | dar | God is Light and God is Love | 4 | Distinguish from the positive sense of reverential “fear of God” found elsewhere in Scripture. |
| Overcome (first occurrence, false spirits) | νικάω (4:4) | जीत/जिक्करना | jit/jikkarna | Testing the Spirits; Overcoming the World | 4 | First occurrence of the overcoming-vocabulary; consistent with 5:4-5’s fuller development. |
Table 5 — New Low-Risk Terms (automated review sufficient)
| Term | Greek | Dogri rendering | Transliteration | Doctrine | Chapters | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beloved (vocative address) | ἀγαπητοί | प्यारेओ | piyareo | pastoral address, all doctrines | 2, 3, 4 | Standard warm vocative; no collision risk. |
| Liar / lie | ψεύστης / ψεῦδος | झूठा / झूठ | jhootha / jhooth | Confession and Forgiveness of Sin; Love for the Brethren | 1, 2, 4, 5 | Standard; directness of the accusation must be preserved, not softened. |
| Cain (proper name) | Κάϊν | काइन | Kain | Love for the Brethren (negative example) | 3 | Requires brief OT background explanation for low-narrative-literacy audience. |
| Murderer | ἀνθρωποκτόνος | खूनी / कातल | khooni / qatil | Love for the Brethren | 3 | Standard moral-legal term. |
| In deed and truth | ἐν ἔργῳ καὶ ἀληθείᾳ | कम्म ते सच्चाई च | kamm te sachchai ch | Love for the Brethren | 3 | Standard phrase, low ambiguity. |
Notes for Phase 2 Translation Memory Integration
- All Table 1 terms must be loaded from the existing baseline
translation_memory.jsonand enforced exactly; do not re-derive. - All Table 2 terms (Critical) must be added to translation memory with theologian sign-off before any Phase 2 segment translation begins, per the AI Translation Requirements’ “new term” workflow (
12_ai_translation_requirements.md, Translation Memory Load and Enforcement Instructions). - Tables 3–5 should be added to translation memory incrementally as encountered, following the same version-increment and flagging procedure.
- The following terms require a forbidden-substitution addition to the Phase 2 system prompt’s Critical Forbidden Substitutions list, extending the baseline’s existing list:
- Born of God / new birth: NEVER पुनर्जन्म
- Idols: use मूर्ति directly and boldly — do NOT soften or euphemize
- Anointing (of the Spirit): NEVER अभिषेक
- Propitiation: NEVER प्रायश्चित; avoid standalone बलिदान without the full “for the forgiveness of sins” qualifying phrase
- Love (God is Love doctrine): flag every occurrence of प्रेम in a “God is love” or “God’s love” context for theologian review, given bhakti/romantic-devotional collision risk
- World (Overcoming the World doctrine): NEVER संसार — always दुनिया
- Perfect/perfected (of love): NEVER सिद्ध/सिद्धि
- Cross-document consistency (per baseline rule) is required for: the “God is love” predication (4:8, 4:16 — verbatim identical), the “born of God” phrase (2:29; 3:9; 4:7; 5:1,4,18 — verbatim identical), and the 4:2-3 incarnation-confession test (verbatim identical wherever quoted or referenced in derivative lesson materials).
Critical Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर
Transliteration: Parmeshwar
Doctrine: Deity of Christ; God is Light and God is Love
Rejected alternatives: भगवान (broad Hindu deity usage, avoid for doctrinal precision)
Original: θεός
Category: God
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE exactly; no change. In 1 John, God is defined by two core predications: ‘God is light’ (1:5) and ‘God is love’ (4:8,16). Never भगवान, which could evoke Rama at Raghunath Mandir, Kali/Bawe Wali Mata at Bahu Fort, or the goddess at Vaishno Devi.
Jesus
Approved rendering: यीशु
Transliteration: Yishu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ; The Incarnation and Antichrist
Rejected alternatives: ईसा (used in Muslim/Urdu-influenced contexts; reserve for interfaith-dialogue framing only)
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE exactly; no change.
Messiah
Approved rendering: मसीह
Transliteration: Masih
Doctrine: Messianic Promise; The Incarnation and Antichrist
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE exactly. In 1 John, confessing ‘Jesus is the Christ’ (2:22; 5:1) is the confessional test distinguishing genuine faith and new birth from antichrist teaching; this confession is an escalation trigger requiring theologian review at every occurrence.
Son Of God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर दा पुत्तर
Transliteration: Parmeshwar da puttar
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ; The Incarnation and Antichrist
Rejected alternatives: अवतार (an incarnate deity-descent, e.g. Rama as Vishnu’s avatar at Raghunath Mandir, an explicit downgrade and rejected)
Original: υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Christology
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE exactly. Confessed at 1 John 4:15 as the ground of mutual abiding; denial of the Son is the diagnostic mark of antichrist teaching (2:22-23).
Incarnation
Approved rendering: मानखे दा रूप लैना
Transliteration: mankhe da roop laina
Doctrine: The Incarnation and Antichrist
Rejected alternatives: अवतार (NEVER use)
Original: ἐν σαρκὶ ἐληλυθότα
Category: Christology
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE exactly. This is the doctrinal center of 1 John’s Antichrist teaching (4:2-3): ‘confesses Jesus Christ has come in the flesh.’ NEVER अवतार, given Raghunath Mandir’s Rama-avatar devotion.
Father
Approved rendering: पिता
Transliteration: pita
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family; Fellowship with God and One Another
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE exactly. God as personal Father whose family believers enter through new birth (1 John 1:3; 2:1,15-16,22-24; 3:1; 4:14).
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: पवित्तर आत्मा
Transliteration: pavittar aatma
Doctrine: Testing the Spirits; Fellowship with God and One Another
Rejected alternatives: शक्ति (goddess-power, e.g. as embodied at Vaishno Devi and Bahu Fort, NEVER use), परमात्मा alone (Hindu universal Self, NEVER use)
Original: πνεῦμα (ἅγιον, contextual)
Category: God
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE exactly. Given to believers as the concrete ground of assurance and mutual indwelling (3:24; 4:13). Always use in full, never bare आत्मा, given the collision risk with this book’s spirit_of_truth_and_error and anointing terms.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: धरमीपन
Transliteration: dharmipan
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Rejected alternatives: धरम (avoid the bare sense of caste/social duty tied to Dogra Rajput lineage-honor expectations)
Original: δικαιοσύνη
Category: Sanctification
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE exactly. Practiced righteousness (2:29; 3:7,10) is taught as observable evidence of new birth; never bare धरम.
Salvation
Approved rendering: उद्धार
Transliteration: uddhar
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Eternal Life
Rejected alternatives: मुक्ति (liberation from the rebirth cycle, NEVER use), मनोकामना पूरी होना (a wish/boon granted through a vow, NEVER use)
Original: σωτηρία (implicit, cf. σωτήρ 4:14)
Category: Salvation
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE exactly. Root of उद्धारकर्ता (Savior, 1 John 4:14); never मुक्ति.
Love
Approved rendering: प्रेम
Transliteration: prem
Doctrine: God is Light and God is Love
Rejected alternatives: प्यार (too casual/romantic-register), स्नेह (too weak, merely familial affection)
Original: ἀγάπη / ἀγαπάω
Category: Love
NEW term. प्रेम is the closest natural Dogri/Hindi-cognate but carries strong North Indian bhakti-devotional and Punjabi folk-romance connotations (Radha-Krishna prem, Heer-Ranjha-type balladry). ‘God is love’ (4:8,16) must never be read as validating any intense devotional or romantic feeling as itself divine encounter; God’s own character defines what love truly is (4:10), never the reverse. Flag every occurrence in a ‘God is love’/‘God’s love’ context for theologian review.
Eternal Life
Approved rendering: अनन्त जीवन
Transliteration: anant jeevan
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Eternal Life
Rejected alternatives: मोक्ष (liberation, NEVER use), assuming innate soul-immortality framing (never)
Original: ζωὴ αἰώνιος
Category: Assurance
NEW term. Unending life given by God only in the Son (1:2; 5:11-13,20), not the soul’s (ātman’s) inherent immortality awaiting moksha. Must be taught as received, not innate.
Born Of God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर थमां नमां जनम
Transliteration: Parmeshwar thaman naman janam
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Rejected alternatives: पुनर्जन्म (NEVER — reincarnation/rebirth cycle), बार-बार जन्म (implies repeatability, avoid)
Original: γεννάω ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: New Birth
NEW term. Repeated at 2:29; 3:9; 4:7; 5:1,4,18 — must render identically at every occurrence per cross-document consistency rule. Direct collision risk with पुनर्जन्म, the dominant regional word for reincarnation within the karma-governed samsara cycle, distinct from the baseline’s separate guard on ἀνάστασις/resurrection against the same word. Must be taught as a single, permanent, non-repeatable spiritual transformation into God’s family, received rather than accumulated across lifetimes through merit.
Propitiation
Approved rendering: पापां दी माफी आस्तै दित्ता बलिदान
Transliteration: paapan di maafi aastae ditta balidaan
Doctrine: Confession and Forgiveness of Sin
Rejected alternatives: प्रायश्चित (self-earned ritual expiation, reintroduces merit logic already rejected for grace), बलिदान/बली alone (NEVER — evokes Bahu Fort Kali-shrine animal sacrifice)
Original: ἱλασμός
Category: Confession and Forgiveness
NEW term (1 John 2:2; 4:10). No baseline entry exists (Romans 3:25’s ἱλαστήριον was left uncovered there). बलिदान/बली carries strong local association with animal sacrifice (bali) at the Bahu Fort Kali shrine, offered to appease a deity — a repeatable, transactional ritual. Christ’s propitiation must be taught as once-for-all, God-provided (not human-offered to placate him), and justice-satisfying, never appetite-appeasing. Never use बलिदान standalone without the full qualifying phrase.
Anointing
Approved rendering: पवित्तर आत्मा दा दान
Transliteration: pavittar aatma da daan
Doctrine: Testing the Spirits
Rejected alternatives: अभिषेक (NEVER — the standard Hindu ritual of anointing a deity’s image/liṅgam)
Original: χρῖσμα
Category: Testing the Spirits
NEW term (1 John 2:20,27). The Holy Spirit given to every believer, teaching all truth. अभिषेक would recast the Spirit’s gift as a ritual act performed on an image rather than a relational, indwelling gift. Reuses पवित्तर आत्मा exactly.
Seeing God
Approved rendering: किसी नै भी परमेश्वर गी कदी नईं डिट्ठा
Transliteration: kisi nai bhi Parmeshwar gi kadi nai dittha
Doctrine: Fellowship with God and One Another
Rejected alternatives: Any single verb for ‘behold/see’ a deity, all of which carry darshan associations
Original: θεάομαι / ὁράω
Category: Fellowship
NEW term (1 John 4:12; cf. 3:2). Directly confronts darshan theology — the visual beholding of a deity’s image/presence, the central devotional technology at Vaishno Devi, Raghunath Mandir, and Bahu Fort. Must redirect the mode of assurance from visual beholding toward love as visible evidence of God’s invisible indwelling, not merely deny that God can be seen. Distinguish from 3:2’s future eschatological seeing (‘we shall see him as he is’).
Savior
Approved rendering: उद्धारकर्ता
Transliteration: uddharkarta
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Eternal Life
Rejected alternatives: मुक्तिदाता (liberator from samsara, NEVER use)
Original: σωτήρ
Category: Assurance
NEW term (1 John 4:14, ‘Savior of the world’). Built on the baseline’s उद्धार root; must never drift toward मुक्ति-adjacent liberation-framing. Universal scope (‘of the world’) connects to the baseline’s universal_scope_of_gospel doctrine.
Idols
Approved rendering: मूर्तियां
Transliteration: murtiyan
Doctrine: Guarding Against Idolatry
Rejected alternatives: Any euphemistic softening (e.g. generic ‘false things’) that avoids naming image-worship directly
Original: εἴδωλον
Category: Idolatry
NEW term (1 John 5:21; singular मूर्ति). The letter’s closing exhortation and the single most direct textual confrontation with regional devotional practice in the whole book. मूर्ति is the precise, everyday word for the deity-images venerated at Raghunath Mandir, Bahu Fort, household shrines, and implicated in the Vaishno Devi pilgrimage. Must be translated boldly and without softening, per the doctrinal-preservation rule; pastoral framing belongs in teaching notes, never in the translated text itself.
Light
Approved rendering: प्रकाश
Transliteration: prakash
Doctrine: God is Light and God is Love
Rejected alternatives: ज्योति (NEVER use — sacred-flame ritual imagery: aarti, diya-lighting, Jwala-associated flame worship near the Vaishno Devi pilgrimage circuit)
Original: φῶς
Category: God is Light
NEW term (1 John 1:5,7). God’s own moral, revelatory nature — purity, truth, self-disclosure — paired with ‘God is love’ as the letter’s other core divine-nature predication. Must not be conflated with the ceremonial splendor of shrine lighting rites.
High Risk Terms
Faith
Approved rendering: भरोसा
Transliteration: bharosa
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Eternal Life; Overcoming the World
Rejected alternatives: श्रद्धा (generalized devotional reverence, too broad)
Original: πίστις / πιστεύω
Category: Faith
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE exactly. Object of faith (Jesus as the Christ, the Son of God) must always be specified (4:15-16; 5:1,4-5,10-13) to prevent a generalized-devotion reading.
Sin
Approved rendering: पाप
Transliteration: paap
Doctrine: Confession and Forgiveness of Sin
Rejected alternatives: भिट्ट (ritual impurity/pollution, avoid as a substitute)
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE exactly. Confessed and cleansed through Christ’s blood throughout 1 John (1:7-2:2; 3:4-9; 5:16-18).
Law
Approved rendering: व्यवस्था
Transliteration: vyavastha
Doctrine: Confession and Forgiveness of Sin
Rejected alternatives: धरम (avoid Dogra Rajput lineage-duty associations)
Original: νόμος (implicit in ἀνομία)
Category: Sin
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE exactly. Serves as the root of ‘lawlessness’ (ἀνομία, 3:4), sin’s definition as rebellion against God’s revealed will.
Fellowship
Approved rendering: संगत
Transliteration: sangat
Doctrine: Fellowship with God and One Another
Rejected alternatives: यारी-दोस्ती (casual friendship, too weak)
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Fellowship
Rendering INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE exactly (संगत), but risk tier ELEVATED from the baseline’s Low to High for this curriculum: 1 John states fellowship with the Father and Son as its own explicit purpose (1:3-4), making it a headline doctrine rather than incidental vocabulary. Must be taught as shared participation in the Triune God’s own life, not izzat-based clan solidarity.
World
Approved rendering: दुनिया
Transliteration: duniya
Doctrine: Overcoming the World
Rejected alternatives: संसार (NEVER use — the Hindu philosophical term for the illusory, transmigratory phenomenal world/rebirth cycle)
Original: κόσμος
Category: Overcoming the World
NEW term (1 John 2:15-17; 4:4; 5:4-5). The created order organized in rebellion against God. ‘Overcoming the world’ must not be re-heard as achieving liberation from saṃsāra through gnosis or ascetic effort, but as present, faith-grounded victory over a rebellious moral-spiritual system.
Word Of Life
Approved rendering: जीवन दा वचन
Transliteration: jeevan da vachan
Doctrine: Apostolic Testimony to the Word of Life
Original: ὁ λόγος τῆς ζωῆς
Category: Apostolic Testimony
NEW term (1 John 1:1). वचन (word/message) kept distinct from व्यवस्था (Law); names the apostolic testimony to the incarnate Christ, heard, seen, and touched.
Cleanse
Approved rendering: पापां थमां साफ करना / धोना
Transliteration: paapan thaman saaf karna / dhona
Doctrine: Confession and Forgiveness of Sin
Rejected alternatives: शुद्ध (ritual purity, already rejected in baseline for ‘holy’; avoid as substitute)
Original: καθαρίζω
Category: Confession and Forgiveness
NEW term (1 John 1:7,9). Moral/relational cleansing from sin’s guilt through Christ’s blood and confession, deliberately avoiding शुद्ध’s ritual-purity/pre-darshan preparation associations.
Confess
Approved rendering: मन्नना
Transliteration: mannana
Doctrine: Confession and Forgiveness of Sin; The Incarnation and Antichrist
Original: ὁμολογέω
Category: Confession and Forgiveness
NEW term (1 John 1:9; 4:2-3,15). Honest, verbal acknowledgment of sin to God, or public acknowledgment of Jesus as the Son of God. Must be distinguished from a ritual vow (mannat) spoken at a shrine such as Vaishno Devi; this is a specific truth-claim before God, not a devotional pledge.
Advocate
Approved rendering: बिचाल्ले होइयै वकील
Transliteration: bichalle hoiyai vakeel
Doctrine: Confession and Forgiveness of Sin
Original: παράκλητος
Category: Confession and Forgiveness
NEW term (1 John 2:1). Deliberately echoes the baseline’s बिचाल्ले होइयै बिनती (intercession) construction for consistency. Must be distinguished from any human priestly intermediary (pandit/purohit) or shrine-based intercessory figure; Christ alone holds this role, uniquely and continuously.
Antichrist
Approved rendering: मसीह-विरोधी
Transliteration: masih-virodhi
Doctrine: The Incarnation and Antichrist
Original: ἀντίχριστος
Category: Incarnation and Antichrist
NEW term (1 John 2:18,22; 4:3). Must be defined precisely by John’s own criterion (denying Jesus is the Christ, denying the Father and Son together), not assimilated to a generic cosmic-villain narrative figure (e.g. Ravana, Kansa) from regional epic/devotional storytelling, which would trivialize the doctrine into folklore.
Abide
Approved rendering: टिके रौह्ना
Transliteration: tike rehna
Doctrine: Fellowship with God and One Another
Original: μένω
Category: Fellowship
NEW term. High-frequency Johannine term (20+ occurrences: 2:6,10,14,17,19,24,27,28; 3:6,9,17,24; 4:12,13,15,16). Must be taught as relational, covenantal indwelling, not pantheistic immanence (God-in-all) or guru-devotee/Vedantic ātman-Brahman merger imagery found in some syncretistic regional Christian tracts.
Test The Spirits
Approved rendering: आत्मां दी परख करना
Transliteration: aatman di parakh karna
Doctrine: Testing the Spirits
Original: δοκιμάζετε τὰ πνεύματα
Category: Testing the Spirits
NEW term (1 John 4:1). Must be distinguished from divination, astrology, or the folk practice of consulting a medium/oracle regarding ancestral or local spirits — a live regional practice this doctrine confronts directly.
Spirit Of Truth And Error
Approved rendering: सच्चाई दी आत्मा / भरम दी आत्मा
Transliteration: sachchai di aatma / bharam di aatma
Doctrine: Testing the Spirits
Original: πνεῦμα τῆς ἀληθείας / τῆς πλάνης
Category: Testing the Spirits
NEW term (1 John 4:6). आत्मा here must be understood as personal spiritual influence/being (divine or demonic), not the Vedantic ātman (universal Self/soul) — the same caution already applied to पवित्तर आत्मा, now extended to this contrasting pair.
Children Of God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर दी औलाद
Transliteration: Parmeshwar di aulad
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Original: τέκνα θεοῦ
Category: New Birth
NEW term (1 John 3:1,2,10). Present, secure family identity. Complements, but must not be confused with, the baseline’s adoption term (गोद लैने आह् पुत्तर बनाना), which emphasizes formal legal son-status/inheritance; this term emphasizes present given family identity and likeness. Both should be taught together, not as competing renderings.
Brother
Approved rendering: भाईं
Transliteration: bhaeen
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Original: ἀδελφός
Category: Love for the Brethren
NEW term (1 John 2:9-11; 3:10-17; 4:20-21). Must be taught explicitly as the new covenant family formed in Christ, not the inherited kin/clan ‘brother’ bound by Dogra Rajput lineage-honor (izzat) obligations. Touches the baseline’s Unity of Jews and Gentiles / Christian Identity in Christ doctrines, here applied to caste/clan rather than ethnicity.
Only Begotten
Approved rendering: इकलौता
Transliteration: iklauta
Doctrine: The Incarnation and Antichrist
Original: μονογενής
Category: Incarnation and Antichrist
NEW term (1 John 4:9, modifying Son). Positively reinforces the baseline’s anti-avatar guard: exactly one unique Son sent once, not one avatar among Vishnu’s traditionally recognized avatars.
Obligation To Love
Approved rendering: फर्ज़ बनना
Transliteration: farz banna
Doctrine: God is Light and God is Love
Original: ὀφείλω
Category: God is Light and God is Love
NEW term (1 John 4:11, ὀφείλω). Debt/obligation language sits close to the mannat (vow) economy’s repayment logic already flagged Critical for grace in the baseline. Must be taught as grateful overflow of already-received, unearned love, not a debt whose repayment purchases or maintains God’s favor.
Confidence
Approved rendering: निडर भरोसा
Transliteration: nidar bharosa
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Eternal Life
Original: παρρησία
Category: Assurance
NEW term (1 John 3:21; 4:17; 5:14). Distinct from generic भरोसा (trust/faith); specifically fearless, confident standing before God at final judgment and in prayer.
Day Of Judgment
Approved rendering: न्याय दा दिन
Transliteration: nyaya da din
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Eternal Life
Original: ἡμέρα τῆς κρίσεως
Category: Assurance
NEW term (1 John 4:17). Must be taught as a single, personal, future divine tribunal, not assimilated to karma-phal (automatic ripening of deeds) or Yama’s cyclical post-mortem reckoning across the rebirth cycle.
Perfected Love
Approved rendering: पूरा / पूरा होना
Transliteration: poora / poora hona
Doctrine: God is Light and God is Love
Rejected alternatives: सिद्ध / सिद्धि (NEVER use — ascetic/yogic spiritual attainment through self-effort)
Original: τέλειος / τελειόω
Category: God is Light and God is Love
NEW term (1 John 4:12,17-18). Love reaching its intended, mature, God-given goal, visibly completed through believers loving one another — God’s relational work, not self-achieved spiritual attainment.
Overcome
Approved rendering: जीतना / जित
Transliteration: jeetna / jit
Doctrine: Overcoming the World
Original: νικάω / νίκη
Category: Overcoming the World
NEW term (1 John 4:4; 5:4-5). Must be distinguished from martial/honor-code victory resonant with Dogra Rajput warrior-honor (izzat) culture, and from ascetic renunciation (tapasya) as a path to liberation from worldly attachment; victory here is through faith in Christ’s finished work alone.
Sin Unto Death
Approved rendering: मौत तक्कर लई जाने वाला पाप
Transliteration: maut takkar lai jaane vala paap
Doctrine: Confession and Forgiveness of Sin
Original: ἁμαρτία πρὸς θάνατον
Category: Confession and Forgiveness
NEW term (1 John 5:16-17). Requires pastoral handling distinguishing this from (a) an unforgivable-sin anxiety-trigger and (b) any notion of ritually fatal impurity (bhitt) or karma so severe it cannot be addressed by grace.
Abiding Sinlessness
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर थमां जन्म लैता होया मनुक्ख पाप च नईं रौंह्दा
Transliteration: Parmeshwar thaman janam laita hoya mankh paap ch nai rehnda
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Original: ὁ γεννηθεὶς ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ οὐχ ἁμαρτάνει
Category: New Birth
NEW term (1 John 5:18; cf. 3:9). Requires an explicit harmonizing teaching note against 1:9’s confession-of-ongoing-sin teaching, to avoid either despair (if read as demanding sinlessness) or complacency (if read as license).
True God
Approved rendering: सच्चा
Transliteration: sachcha
Doctrine: Guarding Against Idolatry
Original: ἀληθινός
Category: Idolatry
NEW term (1 John 5:20). Sets up the closing idol-polemic (5:21); must retain a sharp true/false contrast without softening.
Blood Of Jesus
Approved rendering: यीशु दा लौह्
Transliteration: Yishu da lahu
Doctrine: Confession and Forgiveness of Sin
Original: αἷμα Ἰησοῦ
Category: Confession and Forgiveness
NEW term (1 John 1:7; 5:6-8). Must be distinguished from animal-blood offerings (bali) at regional shrines (e.g. Bahu Fort Kali shrine); this is Christ’s own blood, given once, not a repeated human offering.
Medium Risk Terms
Darkness
Approved rendering: अंधकार
Transliteration: andhkar
Doctrine: God is Light and God is Love
Original: σκοτία
Category: God is Light
NEW term (1 John 1:5,6; 2:9,11). Some risk of assimilation to the guṇa-philosophy concept of tamas (a quality of matter in Hindu thought), but the ethical dualism here (light vs. darkness as moral/relational states) is distinct enough that Medium risk suffices with a brief teaching note.
Commandment
Approved rendering: हुकम
Transliteration: hukam
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Original: ἐντολή
Category: Love for the Brethren
NEW term (1 John 2:3-8; 3:22-24; 4:21; 5:3). Kept distinct from the baseline’s व्यवस्था (Law/Torah as a whole body); a specific, personal command from Christ, chiefly to love, not inherited social/ritual custom (rīt-rivāj).
Truth
Approved rendering: सच्चाई
Transliteration: sachchai
Doctrine: Confession and Forgiveness of Sin
Original: ἀλήθεια
Category: Confession and Forgiveness
NEW term (1 John 2:4,21; 3:18-19; 4:6). Standard term; low ambiguity beyond consistency of rendering across occurrences.
Unrighteousness
Approved rendering: अधरमीपन
Transliteration: adharmipan
Doctrine: Confession and Forgiveness of Sin
Original: ἀδικία
Category: Confession and Forgiveness
NEW term (1 John 1:9). Deliberate parallel negation of the baseline’s धरमीपन (righteousness).
Purify Oneself
Approved rendering: आपने आपगी पवित्तर बनाना
Transliteration: apne aap gi pavittar banana
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Eternal Life
Original: ἁγνίζω
Category: New Birth
NEW term (1 John 3:3). Reflexive ethical response to the hope of seeing Christ, distinguished from ritual self-purification undertaken before a shrine visit (e.g. before Vaishno Devi darshan).
Lawlessness
Approved rendering: व्यवस्था दा उलंघन
Transliteration: vyavastha da ulanghan
Doctrine: Confession and Forgiveness of Sin
Original: ἀνομία
Category: Confession and Forgiveness
NEW term (1 John 3:4). Reuses the baseline’s व्यवस्था exactly; sin’s character is defined relationally against God’s law, not ritually.
Devil
Approved rendering: शैतान
Transliteration: shaitan
Doctrine: The Incarnation and Antichrist
Original: διάβολος
Category: Incarnation and Antichrist
NEW term (1 John 3:8,10; 5:18-19). Must be distinguished from generic mythological demon/asura figures (e.g. Ravana) in regional epic storytelling, and from ancestral or local malevolent-spirit beliefs (bhoot-pret) in Dogra folk religion — this is a specific, singular personal being.
Seed Of God
Approved rendering: बीज
Transliteration: beej
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Original: σπέρμα
Category: New Birth
NEW term (1 John 3:9). The new, God-given nature implanted permanently in the believer at new birth. Low collision risk alone as a metaphor, but must be taught alongside the Critical ‘born of God’ note to avoid an accumulative-merit or karmic reading.
Laid Down Life
Approved rendering: आपणी जिंद देइ ती
Transliteration: apni jind dei ti
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Original: τὴν ψυχὴν ἔθηκεν
Category: Love for the Brethren
NEW term (1 John 3:16). Must not be equated with the Baba Jitto folk-martyr narrative (self-sacrifice in protest against an exploitative landlord, venerated at the Aghar Jitto shrine); Christ’s self-giving is uniquely atoning and salvific, the ground and pattern of love, not a parallel local folk-martyrdom.
Compassion
Approved rendering: दिल दा तरस
Transliteration: dil da taras
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Original: σπλάγχνα
Category: Love for the Brethren
NEW term (1 John 3:17). Idiomatic rendering; low independent collision risk.
Lust Of Flesh And Eyes
Approved rendering: लालसा
Transliteration: laalsa
Doctrine: Overcoming the World
Rejected alternatives: वासना (technical Hindu-yogic term for subconscious karmic desire-impressions, avoid)
Original: ἐπιθυμία τῆς σαρκός / τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν
Category: Overcoming the World
NEW term (1 John 2:16). Deliberately avoids वासना, which would import an unwanted karma-theory framework.
Pride Of Life
Approved rendering: जिंदगी दा हंकार
Transliteration: zindagi da hankar
Doctrine: Overcoming the World
Original: ἀλαζονεία τοῦ βίου
Category: Overcoming the World
NEW term (1 John 2:16). Standard moral-vocabulary term; low independent collision risk.
Punishment
Approved rendering: सज़ा / दंड
Transliteration: saza / dand
Doctrine: God is Light and God is Love
Original: κόλασις
Category: God is Light and God is Love
NEW term (1 John 4:18). The specific penal consequence dreaded by fear, which perfected love casts out. Standard term, low ambiguity.
Testimony
Approved rendering: गवाही
Transliteration: gawahi
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Eternal Life
Original: μαρτυρία / μαρτυρέω
Category: Assurance
NEW term (1 John 1:2; 4:14; 5:6-11). Legal-forensic witness borne by the apostles, the Spirit, and God himself concerning the Son. Must retain a personal, God-given sense rather than a ritually-mediated one, not comparable to a vow-fulfillment testimony given at a shrine.
Water Testimony
Approved rendering: पाणी
Transliteration: paani
Doctrine: Assurance of Salvation and Eternal Life
Original: ὕδωρ
Category: Assurance
NEW term (1 John 5:6-8). Refers to Christ’s baptism/ministry testimony, not a ritual purification rite; a brief clarifying note is recommended given the region’s strong association of water with ritual bathing/purification traditions.
Fear
Approved rendering: डर
Transliteration: dar
Doctrine: God is Light and God is Love
Original: φόβος
Category: God is Light and God is Love
NEW term (1 John 4:18). Anxious, tormenting dread of punishment, expelled rather than intensified by mature love. Must be distinguished contextually from reverential ‘fear of God,’ a distinct positive category found elsewhere in Scripture.
Manifested
Approved rendering: जाहर होई
Transliteration: jaahar hoi
Doctrine: The Incarnation and Antichrist
Original: φανερόω
Category: Incarnation and Antichrist
NEW term (1 John 1:2; 4:9). A hidden reality made publicly, historically visible — God’s love and eternal life shown in the sending of the Son. Should be taught as historical, once-for-all disclosure, not a repeatable divine appearance.
Knows God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर गी जानना
Transliteration: Parmeshwar gi janna
Doctrine: Fellowship with God and One Another
Original: γινώσκει τὸν θεόν
Category: Fellowship
NEW term (1 John 4:7-8). Experiential, relational knowledge of God, inseparable from loving him and the brethren. Must always be rendered with a personal/relational sense, not abstract cognitive knowledge or generalized religious awareness.
Low Risk Terms
Prophet
Approved rendering: नबी
Transliteration: nabi
Doctrine: Testing the Spirits
Rejected alternatives: ज्योतषी (astrologer/fortune-teller, NEVER use)
Original: προφήτης
Category: Testing the Spirits
INHERITED FROM ROMANS PACKAGE exactly. Negated as झूठा नबी for ‘false prophet’ (4:1).
Beloved
Approved rendering: प्यारेओ
Transliteration: piyareo
Doctrine: Pastoral Address
Original: ἀγαπητοί
Category: Pastoral Address
NEW term (1 John 2:7; 3:2,21; 4:1,7,11). John’s pastoral term of endearment for the church, grounding his commands in relationship. Standard warm vocative; no collision risk.
Liar
Approved rendering: झूठा / झूठ
Transliteration: jhootha / jhooth
Doctrine: Confession and Forgiveness of Sin
Original: ψεύστης / ψεῦδος
Category: Confession and Forgiveness
NEW term (1 John 1:10; 2:4,22; 4:20). Standard term; directness of the accusation must be preserved, not softened, per the doctrinal-preservation rule.
Cain
Approved rendering: काइन
Transliteration: Kain
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Original: Κάϊν
Category: Love for the Brethren
NEW term (1 John 3:12). Proper name; requires brief Old Testament background explanation given the assumed low narrative literacy of the audience.
Murderer
Approved rendering: खूनी / कातल
Transliteration: khooni / qatil
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Original: ἀνθρωποκτόνος
Category: Love for the Brethren
NEW term (1 John 3:15). Standard moral-legal term.
Deed And Truth
Approved rendering: कम्म ते सच्चाई च
Transliteration: kamm te sachchai ch
Doctrine: Love for the Brethren as Evidence of New Birth
Original: ἐν ἔργῳ καὶ ἀληθείᾳ
Category: Love for the Brethren
NEW term (1 John 3:18). Love demonstrated concretely in action, not merely spoken. Standard phrase; low ambiguity.
Referenced passages