Log in

or use your email

Search the Library

Keyword search across Doctrine Analysis, Core Glossary, Comparative Theology, and Regional Analysis. Mention a language name for the best results — e.g. "remnant burmese" or "what glossary terms conflict for burmese."

Type at least 2 characters to search.

Work with us

Tell us a bit about how you'd like to work with tri-bible.ai.

Stay informed Get our weekly newsletter. Never sold or shared, unsubscribe anytime.

Let us serve you Church leaders and ministry networks seeking translated curriculum Join our team Volunteers interested in reviewing translations
Download Translation Skill

Core Glossary

Core Glossary — Revelation 1–22 (English → Dogri)

This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, spanning the core passage (Revelation 21:1-8) and every chapter of the book, first to last. It is organized in two parts:

Part A lists terms already established in the baseline Romans translation_memory.json that recur in Revelation — these renderings must be reused exactly, with no deviation, per the hard rule governing this Language Package.

Part B lists new Revelation-specific terms not present in the Romans baseline, grouped by category, each with proposed Dogri rendering, risk tier, doctrine linkage, chapter citations, and translation notes. These new entries are proposed for addition to translation_memory.json and bible_term_registry.json in the Phase 1 Step 2+ artifacts.


Part A — Baseline Terms Reused Exactly (from Romans translation_memory.json)

English TermDogri (reused exactly)TransliterationRisk (baseline)Key Revelation Chapters
Godपरमेश्वरParmeshwarCritical1, 4, 5, 7, 15, 19, 21, 22 (throughout)
Lordप्रभुprabhuCritical1, 4, 11, 17, 19, 22
JesusयीशुYishuCritical1, 19, 22
Messiah / ChristमसीहmasihCritical1, 11, 12, 20
Holy Spiritपवित्तर आत्माpavittar aatmaCritical1, 2–3 (letters), 14, 22
FatherपिताpitaCritical1, 14
Holyपवित्तरpavittarHigh3, 4, 6, 11, 21, 22
Saintsपवित्तर लोकpavittar lokHigh5, 8, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 20
ChurchकलीसियाkalisiyaMedium1, 2, 3, 22
Salvationउद्धारuddharCritical7, 12, 19
Resurrectionमुर्दघरा चा जिंदा होनाmurdaghara cha jinda honaCritical20
GloryमहिमाmahimaHigh1, 4, 5, 7, 11, 14, 15, 18, 19, 21
SinपापpaapHigh1, 18
CovenantनियमniyamHigh11
Prophet / Prophecyनबी / भविष्यवाणीnabi / bhavishyavaniLow1, 10, 11, 16, 19, 22
Power of Godपरमेश्वर दी सामर्थParmeshwar di samarthHigh1 (root for Almighty), 5, 7, 11, 12, 19
Graceबिना कमाई दित्ती दयाbina kamai ditti dayaCritical1, 22
FaithभरोसाbharosaHigh2, 13, 14, 21 (root for “faithful/faithless”)
Electionपरमेश्वर दी चोनParmeshwar di chonHigh17 (the elect implied), 20
Israelइस्राएलIsraelMedium2, 7, 21
DavidदाऊदDaudLow3, 5, 22
Kingdom of Godपरमेश्वर दा राज्यParmeshwar da rajyaMedium1, 11, 12
Apostleभेजेआ होयाbhejea hoyaMedium18, 21
Gentiles / Nationsगैर-यहूदी / राष्ट्रgair-yahudi / rashtraMedium5, 7, 11, 12, 14, 15, 18, 20, 21, 22
Amenआमीन (transliterated)AminLow1, 5, 7, 19, 22
FellowshipसंगतsangatLow1 (implied corporate worship)

(Full field detail for each reused term is documented in the Romans baseline package and is not repeated here; only Revelation-specific usage notes are added in 07_semantic_analysis.md where relevant.)


Part B — New Revelation-Specific Terms (Proposed Additions)

B.1 — Titles of God and Christ

English TermOriginal (Greek)TransliterationDogri RenderingRiskDoctrineChaptersNote
Almightyπαντοκράτωρpantokratōrसारी सामर्थ रखणहारCriticalSovereignty of God over History1, 4, 11, 15, 16, 19, 21Built on established सामर्थ root; NEVER शक्ति (Shakta goddess-power collision)
Alpha and Omegaτὸ ἄλφα καὶ τὸ ὦto alpha kai to ōअल्फा ते ओमेगा (+ gloss पैह्ला ते आखरी)MediumSovereignty of God over History1, 21, 22Requires explanatory gloss; transliteration alone insufficient
Beginning and Endἡ ἀρχὴ καὶ τὸ τέλοςhē archē kai to telosशुरू ते अंतMediumSovereignty of God over History21, 22Standard; low collision
Son of Manὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπουho huios tou anthrōpouमनुक्ख दा पुत्तरCriticalDeity of Christ; Sonship of Christ1, 14Built on मानखे root shared with baseline incarnation term
LambἀρνίονarnionलेलाCriticalWorship of the Lamb; Return and Reign of Christ5, 6, 7, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 19, 21, 22Distinct from Hindi मेमना; NEVER conflate with repeatable animal-sacrifice practice at Kali shrines
Faithful and Trueπιστὸς καὶ ἀληθινόςpistos kai alēthinosभरोसे जोग् ते सच्चाMediumAssurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil19, 21Built on भरोसा (faith) root
Word of God (title)ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦho logos tou theouपरमेश्वर दा वचनHighReturn and Reign of Christ19Distinct from generic “word”
King of kings and Lord of lordsβασιλεὺς βασιλέων καὶ κύριος κυρίωνbasileus basileōn kai kyrios kyriōnराजयां दा राजा ते प्रभुआं दा प्रभुCriticalReturn and Reign of Christ; Sovereignty of God over History17, 19Extends baseline’s महाराजा caution: supremacy over all earthly kings incl. historic Dogra Maharajas
Rider on the white horseὁ καθήμενος ἐπ’ αὐτὸν…ἵππος λευκόςho kathēmenos ep’ auton…hippos leukosचिट्टे घोड़े उप्पर सवारCriticalReturn and Reign of Christ6 (first horse), 19Highest-salience new risk in the book: must be distinguished explicitly from the Vaishnava Kalki-avatar expectation (white horse, sword, ending the evil age) tied to Raghunath Mandir devotion
The Throne (of God/the Lamb)θρόνοςthronosगद्दीHighSovereignty of God over Historythroughout (esp. 4, 5, 20, 21, 22)Avoid सिंहासन (lion-throne, Durga/Kali association); avoid dynastic-only reading
Great White Throneθρόνος λευκὸς μέγαςthronos leukos megasबड्डी चिट्टी गद्दीHighJudgment of the Wicked20Final judgment scene

B.2 — Salvation, Judgment, and Eschatology

English TermOriginal (Greek)TransliterationDogri RenderingRiskDoctrineChaptersNote
New (qualitatively)καινόςkainosनोआCriticalNew Heaven and New Earth21 (throughout), 5 (new song), 2-3 (new name)Linear once-for-all renewal, NOT a cyclical yuga/pralaya framework
New heaven and new earthοὐρανὸν καινὸν καὶ γῆν καινήνouranon kainon kai gēn kainēnनोआ अकाश ते नोई धरतीCriticalNew Heaven and New Earth21Core passage anchor term
No more seaἡ θάλασσα οὐκ ἔστιν ἔτιhē thalassa ouk estin etiसमुंदर होर नईंMediumSymbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation21Symbolic removal of chaos, not flat geography
Overcome / conquerνικάωnikaōजित्तना / जित्तनेआलाHighPerseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution2, 3, 5, 12, 15, 21Victory in and through Christ, not self-effort
Testimony / witnessμαρτυρία / μάρτυςmartyria / martysगवाही / गवाहHighPerseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution1, 2, 6, 11, 12, 17, 19, 20Costly, sometimes unto death
Tribulation / persecutionθλῖψιςthlipsisदुख ते सताह्MediumPerseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution1, 2, 7Standard
Repentμετανοέωmetanoeōमन फिरानाHighPerseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution2, 3, 9, 16Distinct from प्रायश्चित (ritual penance)
Inheritκληρονομέωklēronomeōविरसा लैनाHighNew Heaven and New Earth; Adoption (reused)21Resonant with Dogra Rajput lineage/inheritance instinct, now by grace
Second deathὁ θάνατος ὁ δεύτεροςho thanatos ho deuterosदूजी मौतCriticalJudgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints2, 20, 21NOT a rebirth stage; final, irreversible separation
Lake of fireἡ λίμνη τοῦ πυρόςhē limnē tou pyrosअग्गी (ते गंधक) दी झिलHighJudgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints19, 20, 21Eternal, not purgatorial/karmic
Book of Lifeβιβλίον τῆς ζωῆςbiblion tēs zōēsजिंदगी दी कताबCriticalJudgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints3, 13, 17, 20, 21Distinct from Chitragupta’s karmic deed-ledger; records the redeemed, not weighed deeds
First resurrectionἡ ἀνάστασις ἡ πρώτηhē anastasis hē prōtēपैह्ली मुर्दघरा चा जिंदा होनाCriticalJudgment of the Wicked; Return and Reign of Christ20”First” ≠ cyclical; contrast with general resurrection unto judgment
Death and HadesΘάνατος καὶ ὁ ἍιδηςThanatos kai ho Hadēsमौत ते मुर्दघरHighJudgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints6, 20मुर्दघर built on established resurrection root; avoid पताल (Puranic netherworld)
Millennium / thousand yearsχίλια ἔτηchilia etēहज़ार सालHighSymbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation; Return and Reign of Christ20Teach with interpretive humility across millennial views
Freely / without costδωρεάνdōreanबिना कीमत / मुफ्तCriticalSovereignty of God over History (grace, reused doctrine)21, 22Same word-family as Rom 3:24 (δωρεάν τῇ χάριτι); pair explicitly with बिना कमाई दित्ती दया
Curse (removed)κατάραkataraस्रापMediumNew Heaven and New Earth22Final removal of the Genesis 3 curse
Water of lifeὕδωρ τῆς ζωῆςhydōr tēs zōēsजिंदगी दा पानीHighNew Heaven and New Earth; Assurance of God’s Final Victory21, 22Distinct from meritorious sacred-bathing-tank practice
Tree of lifeξύλον τῆς ζωῆςxylon tēs zōēsजिंदगी दा दरखतMediumNew Heaven and New Earth2, 22Eden restored, not botanical curiosity
Healing of the nationsθεραπεία τῶν ἐθνῶνtherapeia tōn ethnōnराष्ट्रां दी शिफाLow-MediumNew Heaven and New Earth22Reuses राष्ट्र

B.3 — Worship, Church, and the Bride

English TermOriginal (Greek)TransliterationDogri RenderingRiskDoctrineChaptersNote
Worship (true, of God/the Lamb)προσκυνέωproskyneōउपासना (करना)CriticalWorship of the Lamb4, 5, 7, 11, 14, 15, 19, 22NEVER पूजा/आरती (temple ritual worship, darshan) for this sense
Worship (false, of the beast/idol)προσκυνέωproskyneō(same verb) उपासना करना — object is the beast, taught as falseCriticalWorship of the Lamb13Deliberately same root as true worship — preserves Revelation’s own rhetorical contrast
Idolaterεἰδωλολάτρηςeidōlolatrēsमूरती दी पूजा करनेआलाCriticalWorship of the Lamb21, 22Here पूजा is deliberately used — for the condemned worship of images only
Bride (of the Lamb/Church)νύμφηnymphēलाड़ीCriticalChurch as Bride of Christ19, 21, 22Not filtered through dowry/izzat marriage-custom framework
Wedding supper of the Lambγάμος τοῦ ἀρνίουgamos tou arniouलेले दे ब्याह दी दावतMediumChurch as Bride of Christ19Compound of already-Critical components
Elders (24)πρεσβύτεροιpresbyteroiपुरनियेMediumWorship of the Lamb4, 5, 7, 11, 14, 19Not to be confused with panchayat/caste-council elders
Living creaturesζῷαzōaजिंदे जानवरHighWorship of the Lamb4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 19Avoid जीव alone (Hindu philosophical “soul in samsara”)
Seven Spirits of Godτὰ ἑπτὰ πνεύματα τοῦ θεοῦta hepta pneumata tou theouपरमेश्वर दे सत्त आत्माHighSovereignty of God over History1, 3, 4, 5Symbolic fullness of the one Holy Spirit, not seven spirit-beings
Angelἄγγελοςangelosस्वर्गदूतHighSovereignty of God over HistorythroughoutNEVER देवता (implies minor deity)
Two witnessesδύο μάρτυρεςdyo martyresदो गवाहMedium-HighPerseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution11Witness unto death
Temple of God (heavenly/symbolic)ναόςnaosपरमेश्वर दा पवित्तर स्थानHighNew Heaven and New Earth11, 21 (contrast)Avoid bare मंदर to prevent local-temple association
No Temple (God/Lamb ARE the temple)ναὸν οὐκ εἶδον…ὁ…θεὸς…καὶ τὸ ἀρνίον ναὸς αὐτῆςnaon ouk eidon…ho theos…kai to arnion naos autēsमंदर नईं — परमेश्वर ते लेला अपै मंदर नCriticalNew Heaven and New Earth21Major apologetic point: supersedes all local temple/shrine/pilgrimage systems
Glory as light / lamp of the cityδόξα…ὁ λύχνος αὐτῆς τὸ ἀρνίονdoxa…ho lychnos autēs to arnionमहिमा दी लौ…लेला दीवा हैHighNew Heaven and New Earth; Worship of the Lamb21, 22”Lamp” ≠ ritual aarti-diya object
Ark of the Covenant (heavenly)κιβωτὸς τῆς διαθήκηςkibōtos tēs diathēkēsनियम दा सन्दूकMediumSovereignty of God over History11Reuses नियम
Scroll / bookβιβλίονbiblionकताबMediumSovereignty of God over History5, 6, 10Avoid पोथी (Sikh scripture association)

B.4 — The Adversary, Judgment Imagery, and Symbolic/Apocalyptic Terms

English TermOriginal (Greek)TransliterationDogri RenderingRiskDoctrineChaptersNote
Revelation (book title)ἀποκάλυψιςapokalypsisप्रकाशवाणीMediumSymbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation1Confirm against BSI Dogri Bible
BeastθηρίονthērionजानवरHighJudgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints6, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20Avoid animal-vehicle (vahana)/demon-defeat mythological framing
Dragon / ancient serpent (Satan)δράκωνdrakōnअजगरCriticalAssurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil12, 13, 20NEVER नाग (positively-venerated serpent-deity, esp. Śeṣa Nāga under Vishnu)
False prophetψευδοπροφήτηςpseudoprophētēsझूठा नबीMediumSymbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation16, 19, 20Reuses नबी (negated)
Accuserκατήγοροςkatēgorosदोष लाणहाराMediumAssurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil12Satan’s role, defeated
Mark of the beastχάραγμαcharagmaजानवर दा निशानHighJudgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints13, 14, 16, 19, 20Contrast with tilak/forehead-marking custom; allegiance-mark, not location-based
Seal (of God)σφραγίς / σφραγίζωsphragis / sphragizōमोहरMediumAssurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil5, 6, 7, 9, 20, 22Contrasts with mark of the beast
Wrath (of God/the Lamb)ὀργήorgēकहरHighJudgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints6, 14, 15, 16, 19Righteous/judicial, not an appeasable goddess-fury requiring offerings
TrumpetσάλπιγξsalpinxतुरहीLowSymbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation1, 8, 9, 11Divine announcement, not festival instrument
Bowl / plagueφιάληphialēकटोराLow-MediumJudgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints15, 16Standard
Babylon (symbolic)ΒαβυλώνBabylōnबाबलHighSymbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation14, 16, 17, 18Symbol for worldly/idolatrous power, not flat modern-nation prediction
The great prostitute/harlotπόρνηpornēकसबीCriticalSymbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation; Judgment of the Wicked17MUST be taught as corporate-symbolic only; severe honor/izzat-culture misapplication risk against real women — mandatory theologian review
ArmageddonἉρμαγεδώνHarmagedōnहरमगिद्दोनLow-MediumSymbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation16Symbolic gathering-site, not literal map-reading
Gog and MagogΓὼγ καὶ ΜαγώγGōg kai Magōgगोग ते मागोगLowSymbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation20Proper names
Sword from the mouthῥάβδος/ῥομφαία ἐκ τοῦ στόματοςrhabdos/rhomphaia ek tou stomatosमुंह चा तलवारMediumReturn and Reign of Christ1, 2, 19Symbolic judging power of Christ’s word
”It is done”γέγονανgegonanहोई गेआLowSovereignty of God over History16, 21Echoes “It is finished”
Number of the beast (666)ὁ ἀριθμὸς τοῦ θηρίουho arithmos tou thēriouजानवर दा नंबरMediumSymbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation13Guard against numerological speculation

B.5 — Sin/Vice List Terms (Rev 21:8; cf. 22:15)

English TermOriginal (Greek)TransliterationDogri RenderingRiskDoctrineChaptersNote
CowardlyδειλόςdeilosडरपोकMediumPerseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution21Antithesis of “overcomer”
Faithless / unbelievingἄπιστοςapistosबे-भरोसाHighPerseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution21Negation of established भरोसा
DetestableἐβδελυγμένοςebdelygmenosघिनौनेMediumJudgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints21Standard
MurdererφονεύςphoneusकातलLowJudgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints21, 22Standard
Sexually immoralπόρνοςpornosव्यभिचारीMediumJudgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints21, 22Masc. counterpart of πόρνη (ch.17)
Sorcererφάρμακοςpharmakosजादू-टोणा करनेआलाHighJudgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints21, 22Relevant to regional tantric/occult folk practice
Idolaterεἰδωλολάτρηςeidōlolatrēsमूरती दी पूजा करनेआलाCriticalWorship of the Lamb; Judgment of the Wicked21, 22See B.3 above
LiarψευδήςpseudēsझूठाLowJudgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints21, 22Standard

Summary Notes for Phase 2 Preparation

  1. Highest-priority Critical terms requiring immediate theologian sign-off before Phase 2 begins: Lamb (लेला), Dragon/ancient serpent (अजगर), Rider on the white horse (चिट्टे घोड़े उप्पर सवार — Kalki-avatar collision), No Temple statement (मंदर नईं), Book of Life (जिंदगी दी कताब), the great prostitute/harlot (कसबी), King of kings and Lord of lords, worship/idolater contrast pair (उपासना vs. मूरती दी पूजा करनेआला), new heaven and new earth (नोआ अकाश ते नोई धरती), second death (दूजी मौत), Almighty (सारी सामर्थ रखणहार).
  2. Deliberate word-pairing strategy: Several Revelation terms are built directly on baseline Romans roots to preserve cross-curriculum consistency for learners: सामर्थ (Almighty), भरोसा (faithful/faithless, faithful and true), मानखे (Son of Man), मुर्दघरा (Death and Hades, first resurrection), मंदर (No Temple statement contrasts explicitly with baseline’s church-vs-मंदर rule).
  3. Deliberate contrast strategy: उपासना (true worship) vs. मूरती दी पूजा (condemned idol-worship), and परमेश्वर दी मोहर (God’s seal) vs. जानवर दा निशान (the beast’s mark), are intentionally engineered term-pairs that mirror Revelation’s own rhetorical strategy in Greek; do not substitute alternative vocabulary that would flatten these built-in contrasts.
  4. All new terms in this glossary are proposed additions pending confirmation against the BSI Dogri Bible and formal incorporation into an updated translation_memory.json (version increment) and bible_term_registry.json / doctrine_risk_registry.json, per the baseline’s Phase 2 enforcement protocol.

See 07_semantic_analysis.md for full verse-by-verse and chapter-by-chapter reasoning behind every entry in this glossary.


Critical Risk Terms

Grace

Approved rendering: बिना कमाई दित्ती दया
Transliteration: bina kamai ditti daya
Doctrine: Grace and the Free Gift of Life
Rejected alternatives: मन्नत दा फल (a vow-granted boon, never use), पुण्य (merit, never use)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Frames Revelation’s opening greeting (1:4) and closing benediction (22:21) — the curriculum closes exactly where the Romans package’s central caution began.


Righteousness

Approved rendering: धरमीपन
Transliteration: dharmipan
Doctrine: Return and Reign of Christ
Rejected alternatives: धरम (Dogra Rajput lineage/duty sense, never use)

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Rev 19:11, Christ ‘judges in righteousness’ at his return.


Salvation

Approved rendering: उद्धार
Transliteration: uddhar
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: मुक्ति (liberation from rebirth, never use), मनोकामना पूरी होना (a wish granted by vow, never use)
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Celebrated in the great multitude’s worship shouts (7:10, 12:10, 19:1); never मुक्ति, and never framed as a boon granted through a shrine vow, even where the worship register might otherwise pull toward more devotional-sounding vocabulary.


Resurrection

Approved rendering: मुर्दघरा चा जिंदा होना
Transliteration: murdaghara cha jinda hona
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Rejected alternatives: पुनर्जन्म (reincarnation, never use)
Original: ἀνάστασις
Category: Eschatology

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Specified in Revelation as ‘the first resurrection’ (20:5-6, see first_resurrection below); guard explicitly against पुनर्जन्म drift.


Lord

Approved rendering: प्रभु
Transliteration: prabhu
Doctrine: The Return and Reign of Christ
Rejected alternatives: महाराजा (historic Dogra dynastic title, avoid)
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Revelation intensifies the baseline’s caution: at 19:16 Christ is titled ‘Lord of lords,’ asserting supremacy over every earthly ruler, implicitly including the historic Dogra Maharajas’ own dynastic authority.


Son Of God

Approved rendering: परमेश्वर दा पुत्तर
Transliteration: Parmeshwar da puttar
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: अवतार (never use)

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Applied to Christ at Rev 2:18 (‘the Son of God’); must remain sharply distinct from the believer’s adoptive sonship (Rev 21:7) and never presented as one avatar-son among Vishnu’s recognized avatars.


Incarnation

Approved rendering: मानखे दा रूप लैना
Transliteration: mankhe da roop laina
Doctrine: Return and Reign of Christ
Rejected alternatives: अवतार (never use anywhere in the curriculum)

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Revelation extends this term’s governing prohibition (NEVER अवतार) directly into eschatology via the rider on the white horse (19:11-16) and the Son of Man title (1:13): the same eternal Son who was incarnate once returns once, not as a repeatable avatar-descent.


Messiah

Approved rendering: मसीह
Transliteration: masih
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Original: Χριστός
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly.


Jesus

Approved rendering: यीशु
Transliteration: Yishu
Doctrine: The Return and Reign of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ईसा (reserve for interfaith-dialogue framing only)
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Closing invocation ‘Come, Lord Jesus’ (22:20).


God

Approved rendering: परमेश्वर
Transliteration: Parmeshwar
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: भगवान (broad Hindu deity usage, avoid)
Original: θεός / אֱלֹהִים
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. The covenant formula ‘they will be his people, and God himself will be with them as their God’ (21:3) must retain the same personal, exclusive register established in Romans, not the ista-devata pattern of a chosen personal deity among many.


Holy Spirit

Approved rendering: पवित्तर आत्मा
Transliteration: pavittar aatma
Doctrine: Sanctification and Separation unto God’s Service
Rejected alternatives: शक्ति (goddess-power, never use), परमात्मा alone (never use)
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον / τὰ ἑπτὰ πνεύματα τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Also described symbolically in Revelation as the ‘seven Spirits of God’ (see seven_spirits_of_god below), a symbolic intensification of this one Spirit, never a plurality of spirit-beings.


Father

Approved rendering: पिता
Transliteration: pita
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ
Original: πατήρ
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Rev 1:6, 14:1.


Almighty

Approved rendering: सारी सामर्थ रखणहार
Transliteration: sari samarth rakhanhar
Doctrine: The Sovereignty of God over History
Rejected alternatives: सर्वशक्तिमान (शक्ति-rooted, never use)
Original: παντοκράτωρ
Category: God

New term. Built on the established baseline root सामर्थ, never शक्ति; recurs approximately 9 times across Revelation’s worship scenes (1:8, 4:8, 11:17, 15:3, 16:7, 16:14, 19:6, 19:15, 21:22) — the highest-frequency शक्ति-collision risk in the curriculum.


Son Of Man

Approved rendering: मनुक्ख दा पुत्तर
Transliteration: mankh da puttar
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
Category: Christology

New term. Built on the same मानखे root as the baseline’s incarnation term (मानखे दा रूप लैना) for cross-curriculum consistency (1:13, 14:14); ties directly to Deity of Christ and Sonship of Christ.


Lamb

Approved rendering: लेला
Transliteration: lela
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Rejected alternatives: मेमना (Hindi, avoid)
Original: ἀρνίον
Category: Christology

New term. Christ’s central sacrificial and enthroned title, used roughly 28 times. Deliberately uses Dogri’s own everyday pastoral word rather than Hindi मेमना, parallel to the baseline’s खरी खबर vs सुसमाचार pattern. Must be explicitly distinguished from repeatable animal-sacrifice practice historically associated with Shakta goddess worship at the Bahu Fort Kali shrine: the Lamb was slain once, sufficiently, for all.


Blood Of The Lamb

Approved rendering: लेले दा खून
Transliteration: lele da khoon
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Original: αἷμα τοῦ ἀρνίου
Category: Salvation

New term. Automatically routes to human theologian review per the baseline’s atonement/propitiation escalation rule (7:14, 12:11); complete and final, not renewable through further offering.


King Of Kings Lord Of Lords

Approved rendering: राजयां दा राजा ते प्रभुआं दा प्रभु
Transliteration: rajeyan da raja te prabhuan da prabhu
Doctrine: The Return and Reign of Christ
Rejected alternatives: महाराजा (never use, in the title or its gloss)
Original: βασιλεὺς βασιλέων καὶ κύριος κυρίων
Category: Christology

New term. Extends the baseline’s महाराजा caution to its logical conclusion (17:14, 19:16): asserts Christ’s supremacy over every earthly king, including implicitly the historic Dogra Maharajas whose royal seat and temple patronage (Raghunath Mandir, Bahu Fort) remain regionally prestigious.


Rider On White Horse

Approved rendering: चिट्टे घोड़े उप्पर सवार
Transliteration: chitte ghore uppar savar
Doctrine: The Return and Reign of Christ
Rejected alternatives: अवतार (never use), any framing as a Kalki-avatar descent
Original: ὁ καθήμενος ἐπ’ αὐτὸν…ἵππος λευκός
Category: Christology

New term. The single highest-salience new collision risk in the curriculum (6:2, 19:11-16): Vaishnava eschatology, anchored locally at the Dogra-royal-patronized Raghunath Mandir, anticipates Kalki, the tenth and final avatar of Vishnu, descending on a white horse with a sword to end the present age. Must be taught explicitly as the unique, final return of the same eternal Son incarnate once, never a repeatable avatar-descent. Mandatory theologian review every occurrence.


New Qualitative

Approved rendering: नोआ
Transliteration: noaa
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Rejected alternatives: नया (generic time-sequence ‘new’, insufficient)
Original: καινός
Category: Eschatology

New term. Used of heaven, earth, Jerusalem, name, and song (2:17, 3:12, 5:9, 21:1-2, 21:5). Duggar cosmology inherited through Dogra-patronized Vaishnavism (Raghunath Mandir) includes cyclical yuga ages and periodic cosmic dissolution/re-creation (pralaya) under Brahma; नोआ must be taught as linear, final, once-for-all re-creation, never one more turn of an eternally repeating wheel. Requires a standing teaching-note at every eschatological occurrence, since no single Dogri word can carry this distinction unaided.


New Heaven New Earth

Approved rendering: नोआ अकाश ते नोई धरती
Transliteration: noaa akaash te noi dharti
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: οὐρανὸν καινὸν καὶ γῆν καινήν
Category: Eschatology

New term. Core-passage anchor term (21:1); must remain textually identical every occurrence per the Theological Consistency Rules.


Second Death

Approved rendering: दूजी मौत
Transliteration: dooji maut
Doctrine: Second Death and Eternal Punishment
Rejected alternatives: any पुनर्जन्म-adjacent ‘next life’ framing
Original: ὁ θάνατος ὁ δεύτερος
Category: Judgment

New term. Final, eternal separation from God (2:11, 20:6, 20:14, 21:8); must never resonate with पुनर्जन्म or be heard as a stage en route to another life — it is the theological opposite of a rebirth cycle.


Book Of Life

Approved rendering: जिंदगी दी कताब
Transliteration: jindagi di kitab
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Rejected alternatives: any framing as a weighed-deeds karmic ledger
Original: βιβλίον τῆς ζωῆς
Category: Judgment

New term. Records those redeemed and named through the Lamb (3:5, 13:8, 17:8, 20:12-15, 21:27). Strong local collision risk with the popularly understood Hindu folk-devotional figure Chitragupta, who keeps a ledger of deeds consulted at death to determine rebirth — this is NOT a weighed-deeds ledger; mandatory theologian review every occurrence.


First Resurrection

Approved rendering: पैह्ली मुर्दघरा चा जिंदा होना
Transliteration: pehli murdaghara cha jinda hona
Doctrine: Millennial Reign of Christ
Rejected alternatives: पुनर्जन्म (never use)
Original: ἡ ἀνάστασις ἡ πρώτη
Category: Eschatology

New term. Believers’ resurrection unto life, distinguished in order/privilege from the general resurrection unto judgment (20:5-6, 20:12-13); ‘first’ does NOT imply a repeatable resurrection/rebirth cycle.


Freely Without Cost

Approved rendering: बिना कीमत / मुफ्त
Transliteration: bina keemat / muft
Doctrine: Grace and the Free Gift of Life
Rejected alternatives: any मन्नत-style vow-exchange framing
Original: δωρεάν
Category: Salvation

New term. Same word-family (δωρεάν) used in Romans 3:24 for grace given freely (21:6, 22:17); must carry forward the exact guarding established for बिना कमाई दित्ती दया — emphatically NOT a mannat-style boon exchanged for a vow or pilgrimage offering. Recommend explicit pairing with the established grace phrase in teaching notes.


Worship

Approved rendering: उपासना (करना)
Transliteration: upasana (karna)
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Rejected alternatives: पूजा (reserved exclusively for condemned idol-worship), आरती (temple lamp-ritual, never use)
Original: προσκυνέω
Category: Worship

New term. Reverent homage rightly directed to God/the Lamb (4:10, 5:14, 7:11, 11:16, 14:7, 15:4, 19:4, 19:10, 22:9) or wrongly directed to the beast/idols (9:20, 13:4-15, 14:9-11, 20:4). This single verb must be used consistently for BOTH the true and the (narratively) false worship, mirroring Revelation’s own rhetorical strategy — never diversified into a separate ‘smoother’ word for the false-worship occurrences.


Idolater

Approved rendering: मूरती दी पूजा करनेआला
Transliteration: moorti di puja karnewala
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Original: εἰδωλολάτρης
Category: Worship

New term. One who renders condemned worship/service to an image (21:8, 22:15). Deliberately uses पूजा — normally avoided as a default Christian-worship term — precisely because Revelation needs a term for the condemned worship of images (murtis), establishing an explicit contrast against उपासना (true worship), given the centrality of murti-darshan practice at Raghunath Mandir, Bahu Fort, and Vaishno Devi.


Bride

Approved rendering: लाड़ी
Transliteration: laadi
Doctrine: The Church as Bride of Christ
Original: νύμφη
Category: Church

New term. The corporate people of God as Christ’s bride, prepared and adorned (19:7, 21:2, 21:9, 22:17); must not be filtered through local dowry/dahej marriage-custom or izzat-based alliance calculus, nor through the mannat-vow economy — her readiness (19:8, ‘it was given her to clothe herself’) is a gift of grace.


No Temple Statement

Approved rendering: मंदर नईं — परमेश्वर ते लेला अपै मंदर न
Transliteration: mandar nain — Parmeshwar te lela apai mandar hain
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: ναὸν οὐκ εἶδον…ὁ θεὸς καὶ τὸ ἀρνίον ναὸς αὐτῆς
Category: Eschatology

New term. God and the Lamb’s direct, unmediated presence entirely replacing the need for any temple building (21:22). One of the most theologically and culturally significant statements in the book for a Duggar audience: it explicitly supersedes all local temple-pilgrimage-and-shrine systems (Raghunath Mandir, Bahu Fort, Vaishno Devi). Mandatory theologian review.


Dragon Serpent

Approved rendering: अजगर
Transliteration: ajgar
Doctrine: Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil
Rejected alternatives: नाग (never use)
Original: δράκων
Category: Adversary

New term. Satan, ‘that ancient serpent…the devil and Satan’ (12:9; chapters 12, 13, 20); deliberately avoid नाग, the standard word for a revered serpent-deity regionally (Nag Devta worship, and especially Śeṣa Nāga, the cosmic serpent on which Vishnu reclines — directly resonant with Raghunath Mandir’s Vaishnava devotion). This is the single most urgent word-level fence in the curriculum given नाग’s positively-venerated regional valence.


Great Prostitute

Approved rendering: कसबी
Transliteration: kasbi
Doctrine: The Great Prostitute — Symbolic Caution
Rejected alternatives: any literal application to a real woman’s conduct or honor
Original: πόρνη
Category: Symbolic-Apocalyptic

New term. A symbolic personification of a corrupt religious-political system (17:1-18, 19:2); this term carries an unusually serious pastoral-cultural risk in Dogra Rajput izzat culture, where accusations of sexual immorality carry severe, disproportionate weight against women. Must be taught with explicit, repeated corporate-symbolic framing; mandatory theologian review whenever this chapter is translated or taught.


Worthy

Approved rendering: जोग् (सिफतां दे जोग् if the fuller acclamation form is needed)
Transliteration: jog (siftan de jog)
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Rejected alternatives: any merit-earned framing detached from the Lamb’s redemptive death

Newly proposed term (Phase 1 Step 8 gap analysis). The central worship-acclamation word of Revelation 5 (‘Worthy is the Lamb,’ 5:9, 12; cf. 4:11, 5:2, 4). No dedicated standalone gloss previously existed. Mandatory theologian and native-speaker review before Phase 2 given its structural centrality to Revelation’s primary worship scene; must remain grounded in the Lamb’s redemptive death, never drift toward a merit-earned framework.


High Risk Terms

Gospel

Approved rendering: खरी खबर
Transliteration: khari khabar
Doctrine: Gospel
Rejected alternatives: सुसमाचार (Hindi Christian loanword; avoid as default)

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Appears in Revelation at 14:6, ‘the eternal gospel to proclaim.’ Must never default to सुसमाचार.


Faith

Approved rendering: भरोसा
Transliteration: bharosa
Doctrine: Faith
Rejected alternatives: श्रद्धा (generalized devotional reverence, too broad)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Root for Revelation’s derived terms ‘faithful and true’ (भरोसे जोग् ते सच्चा) and ‘faithless’ (बे-भरोसा), preserving the book’s own positive/negative word-play.


Called

Approved rendering: सद्देआ होया
Transliteration: saddea hoya
Doctrine: Effectual Calling

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Rev 17:14, ‘called and chosen and faithful.‘


Calling

Approved rendering: सद्द
Transliteration: sadd
Doctrine: Effectual Calling

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly.


Holy

Approved rendering: पवित्तर
Transliteration: pavittar
Doctrine: Sanctification and Separation unto God’s Service
Rejected alternatives: शुद्ध (ritual purity, avoid as substitute)
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Threefold ‘Holy, holy, holy’ (4:8) intensifies rather than triples the referent; teach as Trinitarian-consonant, not tritheistic.


Saints

Approved rendering: पवित्तर लोक
Transliteration: pavittar lok
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: साधु (ascetic holy man, never use)
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Revelation’s frequent martyrdom context (5:8, 8:3-4, 11:18, 13:7, 13:10, 14:12, 16:6, 17:6, 18:24, 19:8, 20:9) makes it especially important this still names the whole suffering church, not an ascetic elite.


Sanctification

Approved rendering: पवित्तरता
Transliteration: pavittarta
Doctrine: Sanctification and Separation unto God’s Service
Rejected alternatives: शुद्धिकरण (ritual purification rites, avoid as substitute)

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Underlies the granted (not self-attained) purity of the white-robe imagery (6:11, 7:9, 7:13-14, 19:8).


Adoption

Approved rendering: गोद लैने आह् पुत्तर बनाना
Transliteration: god laine aah puttar banana
Doctrine: Sonship of Christ

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Resonant with the believer’s promised sonship in Rev 21:7 (‘he will be my son’); must be kept sharply distinct from Christ’s own unique, eternal Sonship (Critical, unchanged).


Sin

Approved rendering: पाप
Transliteration: paap
Doctrine: Universal Human Accountability
Rejected alternatives: भिट्ट (ritual impurity, avoid as substitute)
Original: ἁμαρτία
Category: Sin

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Babylon’s sins are ‘heaped high’ (18:5); kept distinct from भिट्ट, ritual impurity.


Glory

Approved rendering: महिमा
Transliteration: mahima
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Original: δόξα
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. At Rev 21:23 (‘its lamp is the Lamb’) must not be conflated with ceremonial aarti lamp-lighting rites; see glory_as_lamp below.


Power Of God

Approved rendering: परमेश्वर दी सामर्थ
Transliteration: Parmeshwar di samarth
Doctrine: The Sovereignty of God over History
Rejected alternatives: शक्ति (goddess-power, never use)
Original: δύναμις
Category: God

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Root of the Almighty title (see almighty below); never शक्ति, given the Shakta goddess-power association with the Bahu Fort Kali shrine and Vaishno Devi — a caution intensified in Revelation by sheer frequency.


Covenant

Approved rendering: नियम
Transliteration: niyam
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Rejected alternatives: समझौता (negotiated contract, too transactional)
Original: διαθήκη
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Pictured in the heavenly ark of the covenant (11:19; see ark_of_covenant_heavenly below).


Election

Approved rendering: परमेश्वर दी चोन
Transliteration: Parmeshwar di chon
Doctrine: Effectual Calling
Rejected alternatives: किस्मत (fate, never use), मन्नत दा नतीजा (a boon-outcome, never use)
Original: ἐκλογή
Category: Salvation

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Implicit in those ‘written in the book of life…from the foundation of the world’ (13:8, 17:8) and ‘called and chosen and faithful’ (17:14).


Providence

Approved rendering: परमेश्वर दा प्रबन्ध
Transliteration: Parmeshwar da prabandh
Doctrine: The Sovereignty of God over History
Rejected alternatives: किस्मत (fate, never use)

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Underlies the Sovereignty of God over History doctrine; never किस्मत, especially given Revelation’s cosmic-scale judgment narrative, which is unusually exposed to being re-heard as impersonal destiny.


Seed Of David

Approved rendering: दाऊद दे वंश चा
Transliteration: Daud de vansh cha
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Extended in Revelation via the related titles ‘Root and offspring/seed of David’ (5:5, 22:16) and ‘key of David’ (3:7, see key_of_david below); requires explicit OT covenant background so as not to be heard merely as a genealogical honor claim resonant with Dogra Rajput lineage-consciousness.


Word Of God Title

Approved rendering: परमेश्वर दा वचन
Transliteration: Parmeshwar da vachan
Doctrine: The Return and Reign of Christ
Original: ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: Christology

New term. A personal title of the returning Christ (19:13), distinct from the generic sense of ‘a word.‘


Throne

Approved rendering: गद्दी
Transliteration: gaddi
Doctrine: The Sovereignty of God over History
Rejected alternatives: सिंहासन (Durga/Kali lion-throne iconography, avoid)
Original: θρόνος
Category: God

New term. God’s/the Lamb’s royal seat, recurring approximately 40 times. गद्दी is also the historic word for the Dogra dynasty’s own royal seat at Jammu — must be taught as sovereignty over all history, not a historically bounded dynastic seat.


Great White Throne

Approved rendering: बड्डी चिट्टी गद्दी
Transliteration: baddi chitti gaddi
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: θρόνος λευκὸς μέγας
Category: Judgment

New term. Final judgment seat (20:11-15); built on the established गद्दी root, taught as final and singular, not a recurring judgment cycle.


New Jerusalem

Approved rendering: नोई यरूशलेम
Transliteration: noi Yarushalem
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Rejected alternatives: नोआ यरूशलेम (gender-agreement inconsistency, avoid)

New term (proposed, added at Step 8 gap analysis). Standing compound for the proper-noun city-title (21:2, 10); confirm feminine gender agreement against BSI Dogri Bible convention before wide deployment. Must be taught as the consummated reality the earthly Jerusalem always pointed toward, not a second literal city, and not analogous to a heavenly abode-by-devotion such as Vaikuntha or Kailash.


Overcome

Approved rendering: जित्तना / जित्तनेआला
Transliteration: jittna / jittnewala
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Rejected alternatives: self-effort merit accumulation framing (पुण्य-style, avoid)
Original: νικάω
Category: Perseverance

New term. Victorious perseverance promised to each of the seven churches (2:7, 2:11, 2:17, 2:26, 3:5, 3:12, 3:21) and celebrated throughout (5:5, 12:11, 15:2, 21:7); must be taught as victory in and through Christ (12:11, ‘by the blood of the Lamb’), never self-effort merit accumulation.


Testimony Witness

Approved rendering: गवाही / गवाह
Transliteration: gawahi / gawah
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Original: μαρτυρία / μάρτυς
Category: Perseverance

New term. Costly, faithful testimony, sometimes unto death (1:2, 1:9, 2:13, 6:9, 11:7, 12:11, 17:6, 19:10, 20:4); must be explicitly distinguished from the genuinely local folk-martyr cult of Baba Jitto and Bua Kauri (Aghar Jitto shrine, Jitto Da Mela) — real, honorable regional memory, but not equated with Christian martyrdom’s basis in Christ’s unique atonement.


Repent

Approved rendering: मन फिराना
Transliteration: man phiraana
Doctrine: Repentance (Call to the Churches)
Rejected alternatives: प्रायश्चित (ritual atonement/austerity-based penance, never use)
Original: μετανοέω
Category: Perseverance

New term. Fundamental heart-turning called for repeatedly (2:5, 2:16, 2:21-22, 3:3, 3:19, 9:20-21, 16:9, 16:11); must be distinguished from प्रायश्चित, which would recast repentance as merit-earning self-discipline.


Inherit

Approved rendering: विरसा लैना
Transliteration: virsa laina
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: κληρονομέω
Category: Eschatology

New term. Receiving the new creation by right of sonship (21:7); resonant with Dogra Rajput culture’s strong lineage-and-inheritance consciousness (izzat, birthright) — teach as consistent with, not a diminishment of, that instinct, now granted by grace rather than blood-lineage.


Death

Approved rendering: मौत
Transliteration: maut
Doctrine: Second Death and Eternal Punishment
Original: θάνατος
Category: Judgment

New term. Physical death, personified as a defeated power (6:8, 20:14) and finally abolished (21:4); kept sharply distinct from a rebirth-cycle worldview.


Lake Of Fire

Approved rendering: अग्गी (ते गंधक) दी झिल
Transliteration: aggi (te gandhak) di jhil
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: ἡ λίμνη τοῦ πυρός
Category: Judgment

New term. Final, conscious punishment (19:20, 20:10, 20:14-15, 21:8); not a temporary purgatorial burning-off of karmic residue comparable to naraka within the rebirth cycle.


Death And Hades

Approved rendering: मौत ते मुर्दघर
Transliteration: maut te murdaghar
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Rejected alternatives: पताल (Puranic netherworld, avoid)
Original: Θάνατος καὶ ὁ Ἅιδης
Category: Judgment

New term. Personified powers permitted limited, temporary authority under God’s sovereign control (6:8, 20:13-14); built on मुर्दघरा (the established resurrection root) rather than पताल, the Puranic netherworld realm of nagas and asuras.


Millennium

Approved rendering: हज़ार साल
Transliteration: hazaar saal
Doctrine: Millennial Reign of Christ
Original: χίλια ἔτη
Category: Eschatology

New term. The thousand years of Christ’s reign and Satan’s binding (20:1-6); teach with interpretive humility across recognized millennial views, affirming Satan’s decisive restraint without asserting a single chronological framework as the only orthodox reading.


Water Of Life

Approved rendering: जिंदगी दा पानी
Transliteration: jindagi da paani
Doctrine: Grace and the Free Gift of Life
Original: ὕδωρ τῆς ζωῆς
Category: Salvation

New term. The Spirit-given, eternal, satisfying life God gives freely (21:6, 22:1, 22:17); must be explicitly distinguished from a shrine’s sacred bathing tank or spring believed to confer merit or purification, a live practice at several sites near Vaishno Devi.


Living Creatures

Approved rendering: जिंदे जानवर
Transliteration: jinde janwar
Doctrine: Angelic and Heavenly Worship Assembly
Rejected alternatives: जीव alone (avoid; Hindu philosophical soul-in-samsara)
Original: ζῷα
Category: Worship

New term. Worship-leading heavenly beings echoing Ezekiel 1/Isaiah 6 (4:6-9, 5:6-14, 6:1-8, 7:11, 14:3, 15:7, 19:4); deliberately avoid जीव alone, which in Hindu philosophical usage denotes the embodied soul bound within samsara.


Seven Spirits Of God

Approved rendering: परमेश्वर दे सत्त आत्मा
Transliteration: Parmeshwar de satt aatma
Doctrine: Angelic and Heavenly Worship Assembly
Original: τὰ ἑπτὰ πνεύματα τοῦ θεοῦ
Category: God

New term. The fullness/sevenfold perfection of the one Holy Spirit, echoing Isaiah 11:2 (1:4, 3:1, 4:5, 5:6); explicit note required that this is symbolic intensification of the one पवित्तर आत्मा, not a plurality of spirit-beings, given the regional backdrop of numerous named local deities and ancestral/local spirits (bhoot-pret).


Angel

Approved rendering: स्वर्गदूत
Transliteration: swargdoot
Doctrine: Angelic and Heavenly Worship Assembly
Rejected alternatives: देवता (implies minor deity, never use)
Original: ἄγγελος
Category: God

New term. A created, personal, non-divine servant of God (throughout); must never be rendered देवता, which would imply a minor deity in a polytheistic hierarchy.


Two Witnesses

Approved rendering: दो गवाह
Transliteration: do gawah
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Original: δύο μάρτυρες
Category: Perseverance

New term. Two prophetic figures who testify and are martyred, then vindicated (11:1-13); ties directly to Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution.


Temple Of God Heavenly

Approved rendering: परमेश्वर दा पवित्तर स्थान
Transliteration: Parmeshwar da pavittar sthaan
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Rejected alternatives: bare मंदर (avoid to prevent local-temple association)
Original: ναός
Category: God

New term. A symbolic/heavenly sanctuary in apocalyptic vision (11:1-2, 11:19, 15:5-8); recommended over a bare मंदर rendering to avoid triggering local temple associations (Raghunath Mandir, Bahu Fort), in continuity with the baseline’s church-vs-मंदर distinction.


Glory As Lamp

Approved rendering: महिमा दी लौ…लेला दीवा है
Transliteration: mahima di lau…lela deeva hai
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: δόξα…ὁ λύχνος αὐτῆς τὸ ἀρνίον
Category: God

New term. The Lamb as the source of the new Jerusalem’s light (21:23, 22:5); ‘lamp’ (दीवा) is a source of illumination, not a ritual lamp-object as in aarti ceremonies.


Beast

Approved rendering: जानवर
Transliteration: janwar
Doctrine: Counterfeit Worship and Authority
Original: θηρίον
Category: Adversary

New term. A monstrous, symbolic anti-God political/religious power (chapters 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20); guard against conflating with animal-headed/animal-vehicle (vahana) imagery associated with Hindu deities, or with a defeated-demon mythological trope (e.g. the buffalo-demon Mahishasura defeated by Durga, resonant through Bahu Fort’s Kali/Durga devotion).


Mark Of Beast

Approved rendering: जानवर दा निशान
Transliteration: janwar da nishan
Doctrine: Mark of the Beast and Seal of God
Rejected alternatives: treating tilak/sindoor as equivalent
Original: χάραγμα
Category: Adversary

New term. A forced or willingly-received sign of allegiance to anti-God power, on the hand or forehead (13:16-18, 14:9-11, 16:2, 19:20, 20:4); requires an explicit contrastive note against tilak, sindoor, and other forehead/hand devotional markings — the beast’s mark signifies allegiance, not a location-based equivalence with devotional custom.


Wrath

Approved rendering: कहर
Transliteration: kahar
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Rejected alternatives: any goddess-fury/propitiation framing
Original: ὀργή
Category: Judgment

New term. God’s/the Lamb’s righteous, judicial response to persistent evil (6:16-17, 11:18, 14:10, 14:19, 15:1, 15:7, 16:1, 16:19, 19:15); must be taught as righteous and judicial, never the capricious or appeasable divine fury associated locally with a wrathful goddess figure requiring propitiation (Kali’s fierce aspect, or vows offered at Vaishno Devi to avert misfortune). Resolved only through the Lamb’s atoning blood already shed, never through further offerings.


Babylon Symbolic

Approved rendering: बाबल
Transliteration: Baabal
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Original: Βαβυλών
Category: Symbolic-Apocalyptic

New term. A symbol for worldly, idolatrous imperial power (14:8, 16:19, 17:5, 18:2-24); teach explicitly as an apocalyptic symbol, not a flat prediction about a literal modern nation, while not stripped of its rootedness in real historical empire.


Faithless Unbelieving

Approved rendering: बे-भरोसा
Transliteration: be-bharosa
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Original: ἄπιστος
Category: Sin

New term. Unbelieving, excluded from the new creation (21:8); direct negative of the established भरोसा root, deliberately built to preserve the positive/negative pairing across the curriculum.


Sorcerer

Approved rendering: जादू-टोणा करनेआला
Transliteration: jadu-tona karnewala
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: φάρμακος
Category: Sin

New term. Occult manipulation of spiritual power set against trust in God alone (9:21, 18:23, 21:8, 22:15); directly relevant to regional folk-religious practice (tantric practitioners, ओझा exorcist-healers, tona-totka consultation), which remains a live category in Duggar folk religion.


Key Of David

Approved rendering: दाऊद दी कुंजी
Transliteration: Daud di kunji
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: κλεὶς Δαυίδ
Category: Covenant

New term. Messianic authority to open and shut access to God’s kingdom (3:7); ties to the reused Davidic Covenant doctrine.


White Robe

Approved rendering: चिट्टे कपड़े
Transliteration: chitte kapde
Doctrine: Sanctification and Separation unto God’s Service
Rejected alternatives: शुद्ध (ritual purity, avoid as substitute for granted purity)
Original: λευκὴ στολή
Category: Sanctification

New term. Purity, victory, and festal dress granted, not self-attained (3:5, 3:18, 6:11, 7:9, 7:13-14, 19:8); must be explicitly distinguished from शुद्ध, ritual purity attained through preparatory rites before temple worship/pilgrimage darshan.


Dwelling Place Of God

Approved rendering: रौह्णे दी जागा
Transliteration: rehne di jaaga
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: σκηνή / σκηνόω
Category: God

New term. God’s own presence tabernacling permanently and unmediated among his people (7:15, 21:3); must not be read as God requiring a shrine/residence needing ritual maintenance (daily puja, aarti, offerings).


Blessed

Approved rendering: धन्न (pending native-speaker review against alternative परमेश्वर दी अशीष पांदा)
Transliteration: dhann
Doctrine: Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil
Rejected alternatives: a bare folk-luck reading of धन्न, if review finds this risk unmanageable

Newly proposed term (Phase 1 Step 8 gap analysis). The seven beatitudes forming a literary spine for the book’s assurance-and-victory theme (1:3; 14:13; 16:15; 19:9; 20:6; 22:7, 14). Native-speaker review required to settle between धन्न and the fuller परमेश्वर दी अशीष पांदा before Phase 2; once settled, apply identically across all seven occurrences per the Theological Consistency Rules.


Patient Endurance

Approved rendering: धीरज कन्नै टिके रौह्णा
Transliteration: dheeraj kannai tike rehna
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Rejected alternatives: passive fatalistic waiting (किस्मत-adjacent), merit-earning endurance

Newly proposed term (Phase 1 Step 8 gap analysis). Fills a genuine vocabulary gap for hypomone, ‘patient endurance’ (1:9; 2:2-3, 19; 3:10; 13:10; 14:12), structurally distinct from both ‘overcome’ and ‘tribulation.’ Route for theologian review before Phase 2.


Avenge Vindicate

Approved rendering: इंसाफ दिलाना
Transliteration: insaaf dilaana
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Rejected alternatives: बदला (revenge, avoid as primary rendering)

Newly proposed term (Phase 1 Step 8 gap analysis). Fills a gap for divine vindication of the martyrs’ blood (6:10; 19:2). बदला is rejected because it invites a personal-vengeance reading incompatible with the reused Romans 12:19 prohibition on private vengeance.


Sign Apocalyptic

Approved rendering: निशानी
Transliteration: nishani
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Rejected alternatives: any unframed use that invites astrological omen-reading

Newly proposed term (Phase 1 Step 8 gap analysis). Fills a gap for the great heavenly ‘signs’ of apocalyptic vision (12:1, 3; 13:13-14; 15:1; 16:14; 19:20). Requires mandatory framing distinguishing God-given apocalyptic disclosure from locally live astrological omen-reading (ज्योतिष).


Medium Risk Terms

Peace

Approved rendering: शान्ति
Transliteration: shanti
Doctrine: Peace with God

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Part of Revelation’s opening greeting formula, ‘grace and peace to you’ (1:4).


Church

Approved rendering: कलीसिया
Transliteration: kalisiya
Doctrine: Church as God’s People
Rejected alternatives: मंदर (temple, never use)
Original: ἐκκλησία
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. The church/मंदर distinction becomes doctrinally load-bearing at Rev 21:22, where God and the Lamb themselves replace any temple.


Kingdom Of God

Approved rendering: परमेश्वर दा राज्य
Transliteration: Parmeshwar da rajya
Doctrine: Kingdom Mission
Original: βασιλεία
Category: Kingdom

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Declared fully arrived at the seventh trumpet (11:15) and shared with the redeemed (1:6, 5:10, 20:6); distinguish from the historic, now-ended Dogra princely-state kingdom.


Gentiles

Approved rendering: गैर-यहूदी
Transliteration: gair-yahudi
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Rejected alternatives: विदेशी (foreigner, too broad)
Original: ἔθνη
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Revelation’s mission/worship contexts more often call for the companion baseline rendering राष्ट्र (‘nations’), used in paired usage (5:9, 7:9).


Israel

Approved rendering: इस्राएल
Transliteration: Israel
Doctrine: Unity of Jews and Gentiles
Original: יִשְׂרָאֵל
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Named in the twelve tribes sealed (7:4-8) and the twelve gates of the new Jerusalem (21:12).


Alpha And Omega

Approved rendering: अल्फा ते ओमेगा (पैह्ला ते आखरी)
Transliteration: alpha te omega (pehla te aakhri)
Doctrine: The Sovereignty of God over History
Rejected alternatives: transliteration left unglossed
Original: τὸ ἄλφα καὶ τὸ ὦ
Category: God

New term. Dogri readers do not use the Greek alphabet; transliteration must always be paired with the explanatory gloss ‘the first and the last’ — never left unglossed (1:8, 21:6, 22:13).


Beginning And End

Approved rendering: शुरू ते अंत
Transliteration: shuru te ant
Doctrine: The Sovereignty of God over History
Original: ἡ ἀρχὴ καὶ τὸ τέλος
Category: God

New term. अंत must convey purposeful fulfillment, not mere cessation (21:6, 22:13).


Faithful And True

Approved rendering: भरोसे जोग् ते सच्चा
Transliteration: bharose jog te sachcha
Doctrine: The Return and Reign of Christ
Original: πιστὸς καὶ ἀληθινός
Category: Christology

New term. Title of Christ at his return (19:11) and of God’s own words (21:5, 22:6); built on the established भरोसा root.


No More Sea

Approved rendering: समुंदर होर नईं
Transliteration: samundar hor nain
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Original: ἡ θάλασσα οὐκ ἔστιν ἔτι
Category: Symbolic-Apocalyptic

New term. The final removal of the sea as a symbol of chaos and threat (21:1; cf. 13:1, the beast rising from the sea); requires an apocalyptic-genre note so learners do not treat this as a flat geographical prediction.


Tribulation

Approved rendering: दुख ते सताह्
Transliteration: dukh te sataah
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Original: θλῖψις
Category: Perseverance

New term. Suffering endured for Christ’s sake (1:9, 2:9-10, 7:14); standard descriptive term.


Curse Removed

Approved rendering: स्राप
Transliteration: sraap
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: κατάρα
Category: Eschatology

New term. The final, complete lifting of the Genesis 3 curse (22:3); theological point is completeness, not partial mitigation.


Tree Of Life

Approved rendering: जिंदगी दा दरखत
Transliteration: jindagi da darakht
Doctrine: The New Heaven and New Earth
Original: ξύλον τῆς ζωῆς
Category: Eschatology

New term. Eden’s restored blessing, bearing fruit for healing (2:7, 22:2, 22:14); the consummation of God’s original creational intent, not a literal botanical curiosity.


Healing Of Nations

Approved rendering: राष्ट्रां दी शिफा
Transliteration: rashtran di shifa
Doctrine: Universal Scope of the Gospel and Worship
Original: θεραπεία τῶν ἐθνῶν
Category: Eschatology

New term. The tree of life’s leaves healing the nations (22:2); reuses राष्ट्र, ties New Heaven and New Earth to the Universal Scope of the Gospel doctrine reused from Romans.


Wedding Supper Of Lamb

Approved rendering: लेले दे ब्याह दी दावत
Transliteration: lele de byaah di daawat
Doctrine: The Church as Bride of Christ
Original: γάμος τοῦ ἀρνίου
Category: Church

New term. The consummation feast celebrating Christ’s union with his redeemed people (19:7-9); compound of already-Critical components (Lamb, bride), treated with the same care as each individually.


Elders 24

Approved rendering: पुरनिये
Transliteration: purniye
Doctrine: Angelic and Heavenly Worship Assembly
Original: πρεσβύτεροι
Category: Worship

New term. Representative, honored figures surrounding God’s throne (4:4, 4:10, 5:8, 7:11, 11:16, 14:3, 19:4); should be distinguished from local village/caste-council elder connotations (panchayat elders) — a worship-choir/representative-assembly image, not a governing social council.


Ark Of Covenant Heavenly

Approved rendering: नियम दा सन्दूक
Transliteration: niyam da sanduk
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: κιβωτὸς τῆς διαθήκης
Category: Covenant

New term. The heavenly ark revealed in the temple vision (11:19); reuses नियम.


Scroll Book

Approved rendering: कताब
Transliteration: kitab
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Rejected alternatives: पोथी (Sikh scripture association, avoid)
Original: βιβλίον
Category: Symbolic-Apocalyptic

New term. The sealed scroll opened by the Lamb (5:1-9) and other written scrolls (6:14, 10:2-10); avoid पोथी, which carries specific Sikh-scripture associations (the Adi Granth was originally titled Pothi Sahib) — a live collision risk given Dogri’s proximity to Punjab.


Revelation Book Title

Approved rendering: प्रकाशवाणी
Transliteration: Prakashvani
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Original: ἀποκάλυψις
Category: Symbolic-Apocalyptic

New term. Divine unveiling of hidden realities, the book’s own genre-title (1:1); confirm against the BSI Dogri Bible before finalizing, per the same caution pattern the baseline applied to ‘gospel.’ Must be taught as divine disclosure, not human esoteric-knowledge attainment comparable to yogic/tantric mystical insight traditions.


False Prophet

Approved rendering: झूठा नबी
Transliteration: jhootha nabi
Doctrine: Counterfeit Worship and Authority
Original: ψευδοπροφήτης
Category: Adversary

New term. The beast’s counterfeit-prophetic ally (16:13, 19:20, 20:10); reuses नबी (negated).


Accuser

Approved rendering: दोष लाणहारा
Transliteration: dosh laanhaara
Doctrine: Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil
Original: κατήγορος
Category: Adversary

New term. Satan’s defeated role of accusation before God (12:10); theological point is that the accuser has been overthrown.


Seal Of God

Approved rendering: मोहर
Transliteration: mohar
Doctrine: Mark of the Beast and Seal of God
Original: σφραγίς / σφραγίζω
Category: Assurance

New term. God’s mark of ownership and protection (5:1, 6:3, 7:2-8, 9:4, 20:3, 22:4 implied); the deliberate counter-image to the mark of the beast.


Bowl Plague

Approved rendering: कटोरा
Transliteration: katora
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: φιάλη
Category: Judgment

New term. Vessels of God’s final judgments poured out (15:7, 16:1-21); judicial outpouring, not a ritual offering vessel.


Armageddon

Approved rendering: हरमगिद्दोन
Transliteration: Harmagedon
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Original: Ἁρμαγεδών
Category: Symbolic-Apocalyptic

New term. The symbolic gathering-place for the final cosmic confrontation (16:16); teach as symbolic, resisting speculative geopolitical map-reading.


Sword From Mouth

Approved rendering: मुंह चा तलवार
Transliteration: munh cha talwar
Doctrine: The Return and Reign of Christ
Original: ῥάβδος/ῥομφαία ἐκ τοῦ στόματος
Category: Christology

New term. The judging, authoritative power of Christ’s spoken word (1:16, 2:12, 2:16, 19:15, 19:21); symbolic, not a literal weapon.


Number Of Beast

Approved rendering: जानवर दा नंबर
Transliteration: janwar da number
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Original: ὁ ἀριθμὸς τοῦ θηρίου
Category: Symbolic-Apocalyptic

New term. The symbolic number 666 (13:18), marking the beast’s counterfeit, incomplete claim to deity; guard firmly against numerological speculation displacing the text’s central point.


Cowardly

Approved rendering: डरपोक
Transliteration: darpok
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution
Original: δειλός
Category: Sin

New term. Failure of nerve under pressure, the antithesis of the overcomer (21:8).


Detestable

Approved rendering: घिनौने
Transliteration: ghinaune
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: ἐβδελυγμένος
Category: Sin

New term. Moral revulsion and defilement (21:8).


Sexually Immoral

Approved rendering: व्यभिचारी
Transliteration: vyabhichari
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: πόρνος
Category: Sin

New term. Sexual immorality generally, and symbolically elsewhere spiritual unfaithfulness/idolatry (21:8, 22:15); masculine counterpart of the great prostitute (chapter 17) — keep the literal vice-list sense distinct from that corporate-symbolic sense.


Lukewarm

Approved rendering: न ठंडा न गरम
Transliteration: na thanda na garam
Doctrine: Repentance (Call to the Churches)
Original: χλιαρός
Category: Perseverance

New term. Half-hearted, compromised faith provoking God’s rejection (3:16); requires clear teaching that lukewarmness is worse than open opposition.


New Song

Approved rendering: नोआ गीत
Transliteration: noaa geet
Doctrine: Worship of the Lamb
Original: ᾨδὴ καινή
Category: Worship

New term. Fresh praise appropriate to the Lamb’s unprecedented redemptive act (5:9, 14:3); built on the established नोआ root.


Manna Hidden

Approved rendering: गुप्त मन्ना
Transliteration: gupt manna
Doctrine: Perseverance and Faithful Witness under Persecution

Newly proposed term (Phase 1 Step 8 gap analysis). ‘Hidden manna’ promised to the overcomer at Pergamum (2:17); retain the transliterated core noun मन्ना with the descriptive गुप्त (‘hidden’); Old Testament background term, low collision risk.


Morning Star

Approved rendering: सवेर दा तारा
Transliteration: saver da taara
Doctrine: The Return and Reign of Christ
Rejected alternatives: any astrological-omen framing

Newly proposed term (Phase 1 Step 8 gap analysis). Messianic self-title (2:28, 22:16); must not be confused with astrological star-reading given regional ज्योतिष practice — teach as a title of Christ, not a celestial-omen reference.


Michael

Approved rendering: मीकाईल
Transliteration: Mikaeel
Doctrine: Assurance of God’s Final Victory over Evil
Rejected alternatives: identification of Michael with Christ (Watchtower Christology, never adopt)

Newly proposed term (Phase 1 Step 8 gap analysis). The archangel who fights the dragon (12:7); confirm transliteration against the BSI Dogri Bible. Must never be identified with Christ — Michael is a created angel (स्वर्गदूत), categorically distinct from the Son.


Low Risk Terms

Thanksgiving

Approved rendering: धन्नवाद
Transliteration: dhannvaad
Doctrine: Thanksgiving and Praise before the Throne

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Doxological refrain before the throne (4:9, 7:12, 11:17).


Fellowship

Approved rendering: संगत
Transliteration: sangat
Doctrine: Christian Fellowship
Rejected alternatives: यारी-दोस्ती (casual friendship, too weak)
Original: κοινωνία
Category: Church

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Implicit in John’s self-description as a partner ‘in the tribulation and the kingdom and the patient endurance’ (1:9).


Prophet

Approved rendering: नबी
Transliteration: nabi
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Rejected alternatives: ज्योतषी (astrologer/fortune-teller, never use)
Original: προφήτης
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Applied to John himself (22:9), the two witnesses (11:10), and the OT prophets/saints (18:24); root of the new derived term ‘false prophet’ (झूठा नबी).


Prophecy

Approved rendering: भविष्यवाणी
Transliteration: bhavishyavani
Doctrine: Inspiration of Scripture
Original: προφητεία
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly. Explicitly what the whole book of Revelation is (1:3, 22:7, 22:10, 22:18-19).


David

Approved rendering: दाऊद
Transliteration: Daud
Doctrine: Davidic Covenant
Original: דָּוִד
Category: Covenant

Inherited from Romans package; reused exactly.


Amen

Approved rendering: आमीन
Transliteration: Amin
Doctrine: Thanksgiving and Praise before the Throne
Original: ἀμήν
Category: Worship

New term for this curriculum. Transliterated liturgical affirmation closing doxologies (1:6-7, 5:14, 7:12, 19:4, 22:20-21), following established regional Christian usage.


Hallelujah

Approved rendering: हलेलूयाह
Transliteration: Haleluyaah
Doctrine: Thanksgiving and Praise before the Throne
Original: ἁλληλουϊά
Category: Worship

New term. Transliterated praise exclamation sung at Babylon’s fall and the Lamb’s wedding (19:1, 19:3-4, 19:6).


Trumpet

Approved rendering: तुरही
Transliteration: turahi
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Original: σάλπιγξ
Category: Symbolic-Apocalyptic

New term. Instrument signaling divine announcement of impending judgment (1:10, 8:2-13, 9:1-14, 11:15); not a celebratory temple or festival instrument.


Gog And Magog

Approved rendering: गोग ते मागोग
Transliteration: Gog te Magog
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Original: Γὼγ καὶ Μαγώγ
Category: Symbolic-Apocalyptic

New term. Symbolic nations gathered by Satan in final rebellion (20:8); proper names. Note: shares its name with Islamic eschatology’s Yajuj-Majuj — do not conflate in any interfaith-aware teaching material.


It Is Done

Approved rendering: होई गेआ
Transliteration: hoi geya
Doctrine: The Sovereignty of God over History
Original: γέγοναν
Category: Judgment

New term. Declaration of accomplished, final judgment/new creation (16:17, 21:6); echoes ‘It is finished’ (John 19:30).


Murderer

Approved rendering: कातल
Transliteration: qatal
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: φονεύς
Category: Sin

New term. One who takes life unjustly (21:8, 22:15).


Liar

Approved rendering: झूठा
Transliteration: jhootha
Doctrine: Judgment of the Wicked and Vindication of the Saints
Original: ψευδής
Category: Sin

New term. Falsehood, excluded from the new creation (21:8, 21:27, 22:15).


Abaddon Apollyon

Approved rendering: अबद्दोन / अपुल्लयोन
Transliteration: Abaddon / Apollyon
Doctrine: Symbolic and Apocalyptic Interpretation
Rejected alternatives: conflation with any local demon-figure name

Newly proposed term (Phase 1 Step 8 gap analysis). Both a Hebrew and a Greek name for the same figure appear in the same verse (9:11); transliterate both, in that order, with a brief in-text gloss (‘the Destroyer’).

Library content is free and openly licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 — share and adapt it for non-commercial use, with attribution to tri-bible.ai.

Give feedback

How would you rate this page?

0 / 500 words