Core Glossary
Core Glossary — Jude 1:1-25
This glossary consolidates every load-bearing term identified in 07_semantic_analysis.md, covering the entire book of Jude. Terms marked (baseline TM) are reused exactly from the Romans translation_memory.json per the hard rule that established renderings must not be altered. Terms marked (new) are proposed additions for this curriculum and require Step 2 confirmation/versioning into translation memory before Phase 2 processing begins. Risk tiers follow the baseline’s four-tier framework (Critical / High / Medium / Low).
Reused Baseline Terms (Confirmed Unchanged)
| English | Dogri | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine (Jude) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| God | परमेश्वर | Parmeshwar | Critical | Doxology; Judgment | baseline TM — reused exactly |
| Jesus | यीशु | Yishu | Critical | Doxology; throughout | baseline TM — reused exactly |
| Christ / Messiah | मसीह | Masih | Critical | Doxology; throughout | baseline TM — reused exactly |
| Lord | प्रभु | Prabhu | Critical | Lordship confession (v.4, v.21, v.25) | baseline TM — reused exactly; paired with new term हाकम for δεσπότης in v.4 |
| Father | पिता | Pita | Critical | v.1 | baseline TM — reused exactly |
| Holy Spirit | पवित्तर आत्मा | Pavittar Aatma | Critical | v.19, v.20 | baseline TM — reused exactly; never abbreviated |
| Holy | पवित्तर | Pavittar | High | v.14, v.20 | baseline TM — reused exactly |
| Saints | पवित्तर लोक | Pavittar Lok | High | v.3 | baseline TM — reused exactly |
| Faith | भरोसा | Bharosa | High/Critical | v.3, v.20 | baseline TM — reused; note contextual shift toward “the faith” as deposit of doctrine in v.3, requiring translator gloss |
| Grace | बिना कमाई दित्ती दया | Bina kamai ditti daya | Critical | v.4 | baseline TM — reused exactly; here misused as license for licentiousness |
| Salvation | उद्धार | Uddhar | Critical | v.3 (“common salvation”) | baseline TM — reused exactly |
| Glory | महिमा | Mahima | High | v.8 (“glorious ones”), v.24, v.25 | baseline TM — reused exactly |
| Apostle | भेजेआ होया | Bhejea hoya | Medium | v.17 | baseline TM — reused exactly |
| Prophet / Prophesy | नबी / भविष्यवाणी | Nabi / Bhavishyavani | Low | v.14 (Enoch prophesied) | baseline TM — reused exactly |
| Peace | शान्ति | Shanti | Medium | v.2 | baseline TM — reused exactly |
| Called / Calling | सद्देआ होया / सद्द | Saddea hoya / Sadd | High | v.1 | baseline TM — reused exactly |
| Sin | पाप | Paap | High | (root of “sinner,” v.15) | baseline TM — reused exactly |
| Power of God | परमेश्वर दी सामर्थ | Parmeshwar di samarth | High | (root sense in v.25’s dominion cluster, kept distinct from κράτος) | baseline TM — reused; κράτος rendered separately as बल to preserve nuance |
| David / Israel | दाऊद / इस्राएल | Daud / Israel | Low/Medium | v.5 (Israel implied) | baseline TM — reused; Israel supplied by translator gloss where Greek says only “a people” |
| Thanksgiving | धन्नवाद | Dhannvaad | Low | (register model for gratitude language, not directly in Jude text) | baseline TM — reused where applicable in derivative materials |
| Exhort | हौसला देना / बिनती करना | Hausla dena / Binti karna | Low | v.3 | baseline TM — reused, context-sensitive branch (beseeching) applied |
| Righteousness / Justification | धरमीपन / धर्मी ठहराए जाना | Dharmipan / Dharmi thehrae jana | Critical | (conceptual parallel to “blameless,” v.24) | baseline TM — reused as theological parallel, not a direct lexical match |
New Terms Required for Jude (Proposed for Translation Memory)
| English | Greek | Transliteration | Dogri | Transliteration | Risk | Doctrine | Rejected Alternatives / Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Contend for (the faith) | ἐπαγωνίζεσθαι | epagōnizesthai | डटकर लड़ना | datkar ladna | High | Contending for the Faith Once Delivered | Must convey active, effortful defense; avoid framing as literal combat |
| Once for all (delivered) | ἅπαξ παραδοθείσῃ | hapax paradotheisē | इक्को बारी सदा आस्तै सौंपी गेई | ikko baari sada aaste saumpi gei | Critical | Contending for the Faith Once Delivered | Must not read as repeatable/cyclical transmission |
| Sovereign / Master | δεσπότης | despotēs | हाकम | hakam | High | Lordship of Christ (extension) | Rejected: स्वामी (Hindu guru/ascetic-teacher honorific); महाराजा (already rejected in baseline for Lord) |
| Licentiousness | ἀσέλγεια | aselgeia | लुचपन | luchpan | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | Colloquial register preferred over Sanskritic abstraction |
| Ungodly / Ungodliness | ἀσεβής / ἀσέβεια | asebēs / asebeia | बेपरमेश्वर / बेपरमेश्वरपन | beparmeshwar / beparmeshwarpan | Critical | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | Rejected: अधर्मी/अधरमी — collides with Dogra Rajput caste/lineage-duty सense of धरम already flagged in baseline for “law” and “righteousness” |
| Angel | ἄγγελος | angelos | स्वर्गदूत | swargdoot | Medium | OT Warnings as Types (angels) | Rejected: देवता (Hindu deity/demigod); फरिश्ता (Islamic-register term) |
| Archangel | ἀρχάγγελος | archangelos | प्रधान स्वर्गदूत | pradhan swargdoot | Low | OT Warnings as Types | Descriptive compound on स्वर्गदूत |
| Devil | διάβολος | diabolos | शैतान | shaitan | Medium | OT Warnings as Types (v.9) | Must be kept distinct from generic folk-belief spirits (भूत-प्रेत) |
| Judgment | κρίσις / κρίμα | krisis / krima | न्याय / दण्ड | nyay / dand | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | Avoid framing as impersonal karmic accounting; personal, final divine verdict |
| Eternal | αἰώνιος | aiōnios | सदा दा | sada da | Critical | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers; Doxology | Rejected: अनन्त (Vedantic eternal-soul/cyclic-time association) |
| Eternal fire | πῦρ αἰώνιον | pyr aiōnion | सदा दी अग्ग | sada di agg | Critical | OT Warnings as Types (Sodom) | Rejected: नर्क as the fire itself — implies temporary, exitable karmic hell |
| Example (set forth) | δεῖγμα | deigma | मिसाल | misal | Low | OT Warnings as Types | Standard term |
| Hidden reefs / blemishes | σπιλάδες | spilades | छुपे खतरे | chhupe khatre | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | Alternate sense “दाग़” (stains) flagged for reviewer selection |
| Wandering stars | ἀστέρες πλανῆται | asteres planētai | भटकदे तारे | bhatakde taare | Low | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | Descriptive |
| Enoch | Ἑνώχ | Henōch | हनोक | Hanok | Low | OT Warnings/Prophecy | Proper name; confirm against BSI Dogri Bible |
| Myriads | μυριάς | myrias | लाखां | lakhaan | Low | Doxology (angelic hosts) | Uses culturally natural “lakh” large-number idiom |
| Grumbler | γογγυστής | gongystēs | बड़बड़ करने वाला | badbad karne wala | Low | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | Onomatopoeic in both languages |
| Fault-finder | μεμψίμοιρος | mempsimoiros | कमियां कड्ढने वाला | kamiyaan kaddhne wala | Low | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | Descriptive |
| Desire / lust | ἐπιθυμία | epithymia | बुरी लालसा | buri lalsa | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | Rejected: वासना (karmic-desire technical term in Vedanta/Yoga) |
| Bombastic words | ὑπέρογκα | hyperogka | फूक्की गल्लां | phukki gallaan | Low | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | Colloquial idiom |
| Flattery | θαυμάζοντες πρόσωπα | thaumazontes prosōpa | चापलूसी | chaplusi | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | Standard regional term |
| Worldly / soulish | ψυχικός | psychikos | सांसारिक सुभाऽ वाले | sansarik subha wale | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | Deliberately avoids आत्मा (reserved for Holy Spirit) and जीव (Hindu/Jain karmic-soul concept) |
| Keep / preserve | τηρέω | tēreō | रक्खना / सुरक्षित रक्खना | rakkhna / surakshit rakkhna | Critical | Kept by God and Presented Blameless | Must not collapse into mannat-style negotiated protection (Vaishno Devi vow economy) |
| Guard (from stumbling) | φυλάσσω | phylassō | रक्षा करना | rakshaa karna | High | Kept by God and Presented Blameless | Distinct Greek root from τηρέω but same doctrinal domain |
| Without stumbling | ἄπταιστος | aptaistos | डिगणे थमां बचाइयै | digne thamaan bachaiyai | Medium | Kept by God and Presented Blameless | Descriptive |
| Present (make stand) | ἵστημι / στῆσαι | histēmi / stēsai | खड़ा करना | khadda karna | Low | Kept by God and Presented Blameless | Standard verb |
| Blameless | ἄμωμος | amōmos | निरदोष | nirdosh | High | Kept by God and Presented Blameless | Parallels baseline’s justification doctrine — a conferred, not self-achieved, status |
| Exultant joy | ἀγαλλίασις | agalliasis | बड़ी खुशी / उमंग | badi khushi / umang | Low | Doxology | Stronger than ordinary “joy” |
| Savior | Σωτήρ | Sōtēr | उद्धारकर्ता | uddharkarta | Critical | Doxology and God’s Preserving Power | Direct compound on baseline’s उद्धार (Critical); rejected मुक्तिदाता |
| Majesty | μεγαλωσύνη | megalōsynē | महानता | mahanta | Medium | Doxology | Standard |
| Dominion / might | κράτος | kratos | बल | bal | Medium | Doxology | Rejected: पराक्रम (Dogra Rajput warrior-valor connotation) |
| Lordship / authority | κυριότης | kyriotēs | प्रभुता | prabhuta | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers (v.8) | Built on established प्रभु root for consistency |
| Authority | ἐξουσία | exousia | अधिकार | adhikaar | Medium | Doxology | Standard |
| Age / eternity | αἰών | aiōn | हर समें / सदा-सदा | har samen / sada-sada | Critical | Doxology and God’s Preserving Power | Rejected: जुग/युग (Hindu cyclical-yuga cosmology and avatar-per-yuga collision) |
| Servant / bondservant | δοῦλος | doulos | दास | das | Medium | v.1 self-identification | Confirm against BSI Dogri Bible; note bhakti-devotee overlap is filled with distinctly Christian ownership-by-Christ content |
| Brother | ἀδελφός | adelphos | भाई | bhai | Low | v.1 | Standard |
| Beloved | ἀγαπητός | agapētos | प्यारे | pyare | Low | v.1, v.3, v.17, v.20 | Standard term of endearment |
| Love (general) | ἀγάπη | agapē | प्यार | pyaar | Low | v.2, v.21 | Standard |
| Love feast | ἀγάπη (technical) | agapē | प्यार दियां दावतां | pyaar diyaan daawataan | Medium | v.12 | Requires gloss distinguishing from temple prasad-sharing feasts |
| Build up (self) | ἐποικοδομέω | epoikodomeō | अपने आपै गी…बणाना | apne aapai gi…banana | Medium | v.20 | Architectural metaphor |
| Pray | προσεύχομαι | proseuchomai | प्रार्थना करना | prarthana karna | Low | v.20 | Standard |
| Mercy | ἔλεος / ἐλεέω | eleos / eleeō | दया / दया करनी | daya / daya karni | High | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering | Root shared with baseline’s grace-compound; distinct from mannat/boon logic |
| Wavering / doubting | διακρίνομαι | diakrinomai | डोलणे वाले | dolne wale | High | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering | Core term for the doctrine; everyday physical/mental unsteadiness verb |
| Snatch (from fire) | ἁρπάζω | harpazō | खींच के कड्ढना | khinch ke kaddhna | Medium | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering | Forceful, urgent rescue image |
| Fear (reverential) | φόβος | phobos | डर | dar | Medium | Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering | Context: caution against contamination while rescuing |
| Defile | μιαίνω | miainō | भ्रष्ट करना | bhrasht karna | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | Distinct from baseline’s rejected भिट्ट (ritual impurity) |
| Reject / set aside | ἀθετέω | atheteō | रद्द करना | radd karna | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | Standard |
| Blaspheme | βλασφημέω | blasphēmeō | निंदा करना | ninda karna | High | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | Contemptuous, irreverent speech, not mere disagreement |
| Rebuke | ἐπιτιμάω | epitimaō | डाँटना | daantna | Low | v.9 | Standard |
| Destroy / corrupt | φθείρω | phtheirō | नाश करना | naash karna | Medium | Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | Standard |
| Way (course of life) | ὁδός | hodos | राह | raah | Low | v.11 (way of Cain) | Standard metaphor |
| Error / deception | πλάνη | planē | भुलेखा | bhulekha | Medium | v.11 (error of Balaam) | Root shared with “wandering stars” |
| Wage / hire | μισθός | misthos | मजूरी | majoori | Low | v.11 | Mercenary-motive charge |
| Rebellion | ἀντιλογία | antilogia | बगावत | bagawat | Medium | v.11 (rebellion of Korah) | Standard |
| Cause divisions | ἀποδιορίζω | apodiorizō | फूट पान वाले | foot paan wale | Medium | v.19 | Standard |
Doctrine-to-Term Cross-Reference Summary
| Curriculum Doctrine | Primary Load-Bearing Terms |
|---|---|
| Contending for the Faith Once Delivered | भरोसा (faith), डटकर लड़ना (contend), इक्को बारी सदा आस्तै सौंपी गेई (once for all delivered), पवित्तर लोक (saints) |
| Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers | बेपरमेश्वर/बेपरमेश्वरपन (ungodly/ungodliness), न्याय/दण्ड (judgment), लुचपन (licentiousness), निंदा करना (blaspheme), बुरी लालसा (desire), डोलणे वाले-adjacent terms |
| Old Testament Warnings as Types (Israel, Angels, Sodom) | नाश करना (destroy), स्वर्गदूत (angels), सदा दी अग्ग (eternal fire), सदा दा (eternal), राह/भुलेखा/बगावत (Cain/Balaam/Korah types) |
| Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering | दया/दया करनी (mercy), डोलणे वाले (wavering), खींच के कड्ढना (snatch from fire), डर (fear) |
| Kept by God and Presented Blameless | रक्खना/सुरक्षित रक्खना (keep/preserve), रक्षा करना (guard), निरदोष (blameless), खड़ा करना (present) |
| Doxology and God’s Preserving Power | उद्धारकर्ता (Savior), महानता (majesty), बल (dominion/might), अधिकार (authority), हर समें/सदा-सदा (age/eternity), महिमा (glory — baseline TM) |
Version Control Note
This glossary supplements, and must be read alongside, the baseline translation_memory.json (version 1) and bible_term_registry.json. All (new) entries above are proposed for formal addition to translation memory as version 2 in Phase 1 Step 2, with Critical- and High-risk new terms flagged for mandatory human theologian review before Phase 2 translation begins, per the escalation rules already established in 12_ai_translation_requirements.md.
Critical Risk Terms
God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर
Transliteration: Parmeshwar
Doctrine: Deity of Christ
Rejected alternatives: भगवान (broad Hindu deity usage, avoid for doctrinal precision)
Original: θεός
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Addressed as Father in Jude 1:1 and as sole object of praise in the closing doxology (1:25, ‘to the only God, our Savior’).
Jesus
Approved rendering: यीशु
Transliteration: Yishu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: ईसा (reserve for interfaith-dialogue framing only)
Original: Ἰησοῦς
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged.
Messiah
Approved rendering: मसीह
Transliteration: masih
Doctrine: Messianic Promise
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used throughout Jude as part of the full title ‘यीशु मसीह प्रभु,’ never as a stand-alone honorific detachable from Jesus.
Lord
Approved rendering: प्रभु
Transliteration: prabhu
Doctrine: Lordship of Christ
Rejected alternatives: महाराजा (the historic Dogra dynastic title, never use)
Original: κύριος
Category: Christology
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. In Jude 1:4 paired with the new term हाकम (despotēs) in the same clause to intensify the confession of Christ’s total ownership; both titles must be predicated of यीशु मसीह, never split across two referents (see Jehovah’s Witness NWT risk documented in 05_translation_landscape.md §3.1).
Father
Approved rendering: पिता
Transliteration: pita
Doctrine: Adoption into God’s Family
Original: πατήρ
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Jude 1:1: believers are ‘loved in God the Father.‘
Holy Spirit
Approved rendering: पवित्तर आत्मा
Transliteration: pavittar aatma
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: शक्ति (goddess-power, never use), परमात्मा alone (never use)
Original: πνεῦμα ἅγιον
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Never abbreviated. Jude 1:19 contrasts the ψυχικός/worldly with those who ‘have the Spirit’; Jude 1:20 exhorts praying ‘in the Holy Spirit.’ Must always appear in full even in the negative construction of 1:19.
Faith
Approved rendering: भरोसा
Transliteration: bharosa
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Rejected alternatives: श्रद्धा (generalized devotional reverence, too broad)
Original: πίστις
Category: Faith
Inherited rendering from Romans package (भरोसा), but risk tier ELEVATED to Critical for this curriculum. In Jude 1:3 and 1:20, πίστις shifts from personal trust (the Romans sense) to ‘the faith’ as a fixed, corporate body of revealed doctrine entrusted to the church once for all. A MANDATORY translator gloss distinguishing ‘trusting’ from ‘the deposit of truth entrusted and defended’ is required at every Jude occurrence, or the epistle’s central exhortation collapses into generic religious devotion with no Duggar cultural analogue to a closed doctrinal deposit.
Grace
Approved rendering: बिना कमाई दित्ती दया
Transliteration: bina kamai ditti daya
Doctrine: Grace Perverted into License
Rejected alternatives: मन्नत दा फल (never use), पुण्य (never use)
Original: χάρις
Category: Salvation
Inherited rendering from Romans package, unchanged. Jude 1:4 adds a THIRD wrong direction beyond the baseline’s merit and mannat-exchange guards: false teachers pervert grace into ἀσέλγεια (licentiousness, लुचपन), i.e. grace misused as license for immorality. Any Jude 1:4 segment must resist all three misreadings simultaneously: merit, vow-exchange, and licentious permission.
Salvation
Approved rendering: उद्धार
Transliteration: uddhar
Doctrine: Salvation
Rejected alternatives: मुक्ति (never use), मनोकामना पूरी होना (never use)
Original: σωτηρία
Category: Salvation
Inherited rendering from Romans package, unchanged. Jude 1:3 modifies with κοινῆς (‘common/shared’) — see new entry ‘common_salvation’ below for the compound qualifier required in this specific verse.
Righteousness
Approved rendering: धरमीपन
Transliteration: dharmipan
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless (conceptual parallel)
Rejected alternatives: धरम (avoid Dogra Rajput lineage-duty associations)
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Not a direct lexical match in Jude, but retained as the doctrinal parallel-pattern for निरदोष (blameless, Jude 1:24): both must be taught as a status GIVEN by God, not achieved through personal effort, caste duty, or ritual purification.
Justification
Approved rendering: धर्मी ठहराए जाना
Transliteration: dharmi thehrae jana
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless (conceptual parallel)
Rejected alternatives: माफी मिलना (too narrow)
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Cross-referenced in this curriculum as the theological model for निरदोष (‘blameless,’ Jude 1:24): a forensic, conferred declaration, never a self-achieved moral record.
Once For All Delivered
Approved rendering: इक्को बारी सदा आस्तै सौंपी गेई
Transliteration: ikko baari sada aaste saumpi gei
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Rejected alternatives: abbreviated ‘given’/‘taught’ forms (never use; reopens a renewable-transmission reading)
Original: ἅπαξ παραδοθείσῃ
Category: Faith
New compound term. Jude 1:3, ἅπαξ παραδοθείσῃ. Must be kept UNCONTRACTED at every occurrence; must not be softened toward ‘from time to time’ or a guru-parampara-style ongoing/renewable transmission model.
Common Salvation
Approved rendering: सांझा उद्धार
Transliteration: saanjha uddhar
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Rejected alternatives: individual boon-style salvation framing (never use)
New compound on the baseline’s Critical उद्धार. Jude 1:3, κοινῆς σωτηρίας. The qualifier सांझा (‘shared/common’) must be retained so salvation is read as held jointly by the whole believing community, not as a personal boon secured through an individual shrine vow (mannat).
Ungodly Ungodliness
Approved rendering: बेपरमेश्वर / बेपरमेश्वरपन
Transliteration: beparmeshwar / beparmeshwarpan
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: अधर्मी / अधरमी (collides with Dogra Rajput caste/lineage-duty धरम connotations already flagged in baseline for ‘law’ and ‘righteousness’; never use)
Original: ἀσεβής / ἀσέβεια
Category: Judgment
New coined compound built on the established परमेश्वर root. Jude 1:4, 1:15, 1:18, ἀσεβής/ἀσέβεια. This is the epistle’s defining label for the false teachers; must be rendered identically at all three occurrences.
Eternal
Approved rendering: सदा दा
Transliteration: sada da
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers; Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Rejected alternatives: अनन्त (Vedantic eternal-ātman/cyclical-time association, never use)
Original: αἰώνιος
Category: Judgment
New term. Jude 1:6 (eternal chains), 1:7 (eternal fire), 1:13 (darkness reserved forever), 1:21 (eternal life). Plain, non-technical, non-Sanskritic rendering required so it is never heard as pertaining to cyclical cosmic time (kalpas/yugas) or an eternal, unchanging ātman. Must be rendered identically at every occurrence.
Eternal Fire
Approved rendering: सदा दी अग्ग
Transliteration: sada di agg
Doctrine: Old Testament Type: Sodom and Eternal Fire
Rejected alternatives: नर्क (never use for the fire itself; names a temporary, karmically exitable hell within samsara)
Original: πῦρ αἰώνιον
Category: Judgment
New compound term. Jude 1:7, πῦρ αἰώνιον. A permanent, non-cyclical punishment held forth publicly as an example (δεῖγμα); नर्क would import an exit-after-karma-is-paid framework foreign to the text.
Keep Preserve
Approved rendering: रक्खना / सुरक्षित रक्खना
Transliteration: rakkhna / surakshit rakkhna
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Rejected alternatives: mannat-style negotiated/conditional protection framing (never use)
Original: τηρέω
Category: Sanctification
New term, τηρέω — the single most theologically load-bearing recurring verb in Jude (vv.1, 6, 13, 21). Must be rendered IDENTICALLY at all four occurrences: God’s keeping of believers (v.1), angels’ failure to keep their position (v.6, ironic), darkness kept for wandering stars (v.13), believers commanded to keep themselves (v.21). Must never resemble the mannat vow-economy’s negotiated, conditional protection (e.g. safe-travel boons sought at Vaishno Devi); this is unconditional covenant faithfulness.
Savior
Approved rendering: उद्धारकर्ता
Transliteration: uddharkarta
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Rejected alternatives: मुक्तिदाता (a liberator from samsara, never use)
Original: Σωτήρ
Category: Doxology
New term, direct compound on the baseline’s Critical उद्धार. Jude 1:25, ‘the only God, our Savior.’ Must never suggest a boon-granting shrine deity.
Age Eternity
Approved rendering: हर समें / सदा-सदा
Transliteration: har samen / sada-sada
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Rejected alternatives: जुग / युग (never use; inseparable from Hindu cyclical yuga cosmology and Vishnu’s avatars appearing across successive yugas — the single highest-salience local collision risk already flagged in the baseline for incarnation)
Original: αἰών
Category: Doxology
New term, αἰών. Jude 1:25, the doxology’s closing formula, ‘before all time, and now, and unto all the ages.’ The letter’s final line; must never be rendered with cyclical-cosmology vocabulary.
High Risk Terms
Holy
Approved rendering: पवित्तर
Transliteration: pavittar
Doctrine: Sanctification
Rejected alternatives: शुद्ध (ritual purity, avoid)
Original: ἅγιος
Category: Sanctification
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used of the angelic ‘holy myriads’ (Jude 1:14) and believers’ ‘most holy faith’ (Jude 1:20).
Saints
Approved rendering: पवित्तर लोक
Transliteration: pavittar lok
Doctrine: Sainthood
Rejected alternatives: साधु (ascetic holy man, never use)
Original: ἅγιοι
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Jude 1:3: the faith was ‘once for all delivered to the saints’ — the corporate address must not narrow into an ascetic elite class.
Glory
Approved rendering: महिमा
Transliteration: mahima
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Original: δόξα
Category: God
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Used of ‘glorious ones’ (angelic dignitaries blasphemed by the false teachers, Jude 1:8) and of God’s own glory before whom believers are presented (Jude 1:24-25). Avoid metaphors conflating with aarti/temple-lighting ceremonial splendor.
Called
Approved rendering: सद्देआ होया
Transliteration: saddea hoya
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Rejected alternatives: सद्दा दित्ता (invited, too weak)
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Jude 1:1 addresses believers as ‘called ones’ (κλητοῖς), kept for Jesus Christ — this opening verse frames the whole letter’s keeping theme.
Calling
Approved rendering: सद्द
Transliteration: sadd
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged; noun form kept structurally parallel to सद्देआ होया.
Sin
Approved rendering: पाप
Transliteration: paap
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: भिट्ट (ritual impurity, avoid)
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Root sense underlying ‘sinner’-type language implicit in Jude 1:15’s condemnation of ungodly deeds and harsh words.
Power Of God
Approved rendering: परमेश्वर दी सामर्थ
Transliteration: Parmeshwar di samarth
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Rejected alternatives: शक्ति (goddess-power, e.g. Bahu Fort/Vaishno Devi, avoid)
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Kept lexically distinct from the new term बल (κράτος, dominion/might) in the closing doxology, Jude 1:25, so the two Greek roots are not conflated; both must avoid शक्ति.
Contend For
Approved rendering: डटकर लड़ना
Transliteration: datkar ladna
Doctrine: Contending for the Faith Once Delivered
Rejected alternatives: literal combat/vow-fulfillment imagery (avoid)
Original: ἐπαγωνίζεσθαι
Category: Faith
New term. Jude 1:3, ἐπαγωνίζεσθαι. Must convey active, effortful doctrinal defense, not literal combat or communal-violence connotation given regional communal sensitivities; gloss as ‘effortful defense of teaching.‘
Despotes Sovereign Master
Approved rendering: हाकम
Transliteration: hakam
Doctrine: Denial of Christ’s Lordship
Rejected alternatives: स्वामी (Hindu guru/ascetic-teacher honorific, never use), महाराजा (Dogra dynastic title, already excluded by baseline for ‘lord’, never use)
Original: δεσπότης
Category: Christology
New term. Jude 1:4, δεσπότης, paired with κύριος (प्रभु) in the same clause to intensify Christ’s total, exclusive ownership, which the false teachers deny. Both titles must be predicated of the ONE person, यीशु मसीह; never split across two referents (cf. NWT/Jehovah’s Witness rendering pattern flagged in 05_translation_landscape.md, which must not be echoed).
Judgment
Approved rendering: न्याय
Transliteration: nyay
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: karma-accounting framing (avoid)
Original: κρίσις
Category: Judgment
New term. Jude 1:6, 1:15, κρίσις. Must always be taught as a single, final, personal divine verdict, never an impersonal karmic mechanism operating automatically across lifetimes. Must be rendered identically at every occurrence so Enoch’s prophesied judgment (vv.14-15) reads as the same event anticipated throughout the letter.
Punishment Penalty
Approved rendering: दण्ड
Transliteration: dand
Doctrine: Old Testament Type: Sodom and Eternal Fire
Rejected alternatives: confusion with धर्मी-root vocabulary (never conflate with δικαιοσύνη/righteousness)
Original: δίκη
Category: Judgment
New term. Jude 1:7, δίκη. Kept as a separate, plain ‘punishment’ term; translators must not confuse this Greek root with δικαιοσύνη, already Critical in the baseline.
Perish Destroy
Approved rendering: नाश कर दित्ता
Transliteration: naash kar ditta
Doctrine: Old Testament Type: Israel’s Unbelief in the Wilderness
Rejected alternatives: milder ‘disciplined’/‘punished mildly’ framing (never use)
Original: ἀπόλλυμι
Category: Judgment
New term. Jude 1:5, ἀπόλλυμι, and Jude 1:11 (Korah). Must convey total ruin/perishing, establishing that even those once delivered can be destroyed through unbelief.
Blaspheme
Approved rendering: निंदा करना
Transliteration: ninda karna
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Rejected alternatives: mere disagreement/criticism framing (too weak)
Original: βλασφημέω
Category: Judgment
New term. Jude 1:8, 1:10, βλασφημέω. Must retain the sense of contemptuous, irreverent speech against beings that deserve honor.
Lordship Authority Kyriotes
Approved rendering: प्रभुता
Transliteration: prabhuta
Doctrine: Denial of Christ’s Lordship
Original: κυριότης
Category: Christology
New term built directly on the established प्रभु root for etymological visibility. Jude 1:8, κυριότης, the very authority the false teachers reject.
Worldly Soulish
Approved rendering: सांसारिक सुभाऽ वाले
Transliteration: sansarik subha wale
Doctrine: Apostolic Warning and the Last Days
Rejected alternatives: आत्मा (reserved for पवित्तर आत्मा, never use here), जीव (Hindu/Jain karmic-soul concept, never use here)
Original: ψυχικός
Category: Sanctification
New term. Jude 1:19, ψυχικός. Deliberately avoids both reserved candidate words so the crucial soul/Spirit distinction the verse itself makes (‘worldly… not having the Spirit’) is not blurred.
Guard From Stumbling
Approved rendering: रक्षा करना
Transliteration: rakshaa karna
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: φυλάσσω
Category: Sanctification
New term, φυλάσσω — distinct Greek verb from τηρέω but same doctrinal domain. Jude 1:24, God’s own unaided ability to guard believers from stumbling, closing the frame opened at v.1 and continued at v.21.
Blameless
Approved rendering: निरदोष
Transliteration: nirdosh
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Rejected alternatives: इज़्ज़त-आधारित निरदोषता / honor-record framing (never use; risks reading as an unblemished lineage/reputation record under Dogra Rajput izzat culture), पुण्य-based earned-purity framing (never use)
Original: ἄμωμος
Category: Sanctification
New term, ἄμωμος. Jude 1:24, the capstone term of ‘Kept by God and Presented Blameless.’ Must be explicitly glossed as a status CONFERRED by God’s finishing work, paralleling the baseline’s Critical justification doctrine (धर्मी ठहराए जाना), not moral perfection achieved by personal effort, ritual purification, or honor/lineage record.
Mercy
Approved rendering: दया / दया करनी
Transliteration: daya / daya karni
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Rejected alternatives: mannat/boon-granting exchange framing (never use)
Original: ἔλεος / ἐλεέω
Category: Mercy
New term, ἔλεος/ἐλεέω, sharing its root with the baseline’s Critical grace-compound (बिना कमाई दित्ती दया). Jude 1:2, 1:21, 1:22-23. Must be distinguished from the Vaishno Devi mannat economy at every occurrence; mercy is God’s/the community’s initiative, not a boon a wavering person secures through a fresh vow.
Wavering Doubting
Approved rendering: डोलणे वाले
Transliteration: dolne wale
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Rejected alternatives: technical philosophical/apostasy vocabulary (avoid; would suggest settled apostasy rather than a recoverable condition)
Original: διακρίνομαι
Category: Mercy
New term, διακρίνομαι. Jude 1:22. Deliberately an everyday physical/mental unsteadiness verb, left theologically unmarked so it reads as a recoverable condition.
Medium Risk Terms
Apostle
Approved rendering: भेजेआ होया
Transliteration: bhejea hoya
Doctrine: Apostolic Warning and the Last Days
Rejected alternatives: दूत (generic messenger, too weak)
Original: ἀπόστολος
Category: Church
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Jude 1:17: believers are told to remember the words spoken beforehand ‘by the apostles.‘
Peace
Approved rendering: शान्ति
Transliteration: shanti
Doctrine: Salutation
Original: εἰρήνη
Category: Salvation
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Jude 1:2 greeting: ‘mercy, peace, and love be multiplied.‘
Israel
Approved rendering: इस्राएल
Transliteration: Israel
Doctrine: Old Testament Type: Israel’s Unbelief in the Wilderness
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Jude 1:5 names only ‘a people’ (λαός) delivered from Egypt; the Greek text does not use the proper name, so a translator’s gloss identifying them explicitly as इस्राएली लोक is REQUIRED, consistent with the ‘israel_implied’ entry in bible_term_registry.json.
Licentiousness
Approved rendering: लुचपन
Transliteration: luchpan
Doctrine: Grace Perverted into License
Rejected alternatives: Sanskritic literary abstraction (avoid; too formal for this letter’s blunt register)
Original: ἀσέλγεια
Category: Judgment
New term. Jude 1:4, ἀσέλγεια. Colloquial Dogri/Punjabi-register term preferred to preserve Jude’s own plain moral bluntness.
Angel
Approved rendering: स्वर्गदूत
Transliteration: swargdoot
Doctrine: Old Testament Type: Fallen Angels
Rejected alternatives: देवता (Hindu deity/demigod, never use), फरिश्ता (Islamic-register term, avoid)
Original: ἄγγελος
Category: Angelology
New term. Jude 1:6. Must remain a created being categorically distinct from परमेश्वर दा पुत्तर, and never framed as engaged in a contest between rival divine powers (guard against devata-rebellion/asura-deva folk-narrative assimilation, per 05_translation_landscape.md §1.2 v.6 row).
Devil
Approved rendering: शैतान
Transliteration: shaitan
Doctrine: Angelic Order and Restraint in Accusation
Rejected alternatives: भूत-प्रेत (generic folk-belief spirits, avoid; too impersonal)
Original: διάβολος
Category: Angelology
New term (established regional Christian usage). Jude 1:9. Must be kept distinct as the single personal adversary of God, not a diffuse malevolent force.
Gloom Darkness
Approved rendering: घोर न्हेरा
Transliteration: ghor nhera
Doctrine: Old Testament Type: Fallen Angels
Original: ζόφος
Category: Judgment
New term. Jude 1:6, 1:13, ζόφος. Plain description of thick, murky darkness; no specific cosmological hell-name imported.
Chains
Approved rendering: सदा दे सांगल
Transliteration: sada de saangal
Doctrine: Old Testament Type: Fallen Angels
Original: δεσμός
Category: Judgment
New term. Jude 1:6, δεσμός, describing the fallen angels’ eternal restraint pending judgment.
Destroy Corrupt
Approved rendering: नाश होई जांदे न
Transliteration: naash hoi jaande ne
Doctrine: Corruption of False Teachers Illustrated
Original: φθείρω
Category: Judgment
New term, distinct Greek root (φθείρω) from ἀπόλλυμι above but overlapping sense. Jude 1:10.
Reject Set Aside
Approved rendering: रद्द करना
Transliteration: radd karna
Doctrine: Judgment on Ungodly False Teachers
Original: ἀθετέω
Category: Judgment
New term. Jude 1:8, ἀθετέω, describing the false teachers’ rejection of authority/dominion.
Defile
Approved rendering: भ्रष्ट करना
Transliteration: bhrasht karna
Doctrine: Corruption of False Teachers Illustrated
Rejected alternatives: भिट्ट (baseline’s rejected term for ritual impurity, never use)
Original: μιαίνω
Category: Judgment
New term. Jude 1:8, μιαίνω. Moral self-corruption in dreaming/vision, not a ritual-purity state.
Desire Lust
Approved rendering: बुरी लालसा
Transliteration: buri lalsa
Doctrine: Apostolic Warning and the Last Days
Rejected alternatives: वासना (karmic-desire technical term in Vedanta/Yoga, avoid; would import a cross-lifetime karmic framework)
Original: ἐπιθυμία
Category: Judgment
New term. Jude 1:16, 1:18, ἐπιθυμία. Plain moral sense of wrongful craving in this life.
Without Stumbling
Approved rendering: डिगणे थमां बचाइयै
Transliteration: digne thamaan bachaiyai
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: ἄπταιστος
Category: Sanctification
New term. Jude 1:24, ἄπταιστος, describing the outcome of God’s guarding.
Snatch From Fire
Approved rendering: खींच के कड्ढना
Transliteration: khinch ke kaddhna
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Original: ἁρπάζω
Category: Mercy
New term, ἁρπάζω. Jude 1:23. Conveys urgent, forceful rescue, matching active intervention rather than passive hope.
Fear Reverential
Approved rendering: डर
Transliteration: dar
Doctrine: Mercy and Rescue of the Wavering
Original: φόβος
Category: Mercy
New term, φόβος. Jude 1:23. Must be glossed as caution against contamination while rescuing, not bare ‘being afraid’; must not be collapsed away in derivative teaching material, which would lose the passage’s warning against contamination while rescuing.
Majesty
Approved rendering: महानता
Transliteration: mahanta
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Original: μεγαλωσύνη
Category: Doxology
New term, μεγαλωσύνη. Jude 1:25. Must remain a distinct, separately-preserved term in the doxology’s stacking of four divine attributes (majesty, dominion, authority, glory), not compressed into a single generic ‘glory to God.‘
Dominion Might
Approved rendering: बल
Transliteration: bal
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Rejected alternatives: पराक्रम (Dogra Rajput warrior-valor connotation, never use; would frame divine dominion as martial glory)
Original: κράτος
Category: Doxology
New term, κράτος. Jude 1:25. Kept lexically distinct from परमेश्वर दी सामर्थ (power_of_god) to preserve the separate Greek root, and from पराक्रम to avoid warrior-heroism framing.
Authority
Approved rendering: अधिकार
Transliteration: adhikaar
Doctrine: Doxology and God’s Preserving Power
Original: ἐξουσία
Category: Doxology
New term, ἐξουσία. Jude 1:25.
Servant Bondservant
Approved rendering: दास
Transliteration: das
Doctrine: Salutation
Original: δοῦλος
Category: Church
New term (established regional Christian usage), δοῦλος. Jude 1:1, Jude’s self-designation. दास also functions as a bhakti devotee’s self-designation before a deity or guru; this is inherited devotional vocabulary now filled with distinctly Christian content (total ownership by Christ, not a guru-bhakti relationship). Confirm against BSI Dogri Bible.
Love Feast
Approved rendering: प्यार दियां दावतां
Transliteration: pyaar diyaan daawataan
Doctrine: Corruption of False Teachers Illustrated
Rejected alternatives: unglossed generic ‘fellowship meal’ (avoid; risks conflation with temple prasad-sharing feasts)
Original: ἀγάπη (technical)
Category: Church
New term, technical sense of ἀγάπη. Jude 1:12. Requires a MANDATORY translator gloss identifying this as the early church’s shared fellowship meal, distinct from any temple-offering/prasad-sharing feast framework prominent at Raghunath Mandir or during Vaishno Devi pilgrimage observances.
Build Up Self
Approved rendering: अपने आपै गी…बणाना
Transliteration: apne aapai gi…banana
Doctrine: Contrast: Building Up in the Spirit
Original: ἐποικοδομέω
Category: Church
New term, ἐποικοδομέω. Jude 1:20, architectural metaphor for believers building themselves up on their most holy faith.
Error Deception
Approved rendering: भुलेखा
Transliteration: bhulekha
Doctrine: Corruption of False Teachers Illustrated
Original: πλάνη
Category: Judgment
New term, πλάνη, root shared with ‘wandering stars.’ Jude 1:11, ‘the error of Balaam.‘
Rebellion
Approved rendering: बगावत
Transliteration: bagawat
Doctrine: Corruption of False Teachers Illustrated
Original: ἀντιλογία
Category: Judgment
New term, ἀντιλογία. Jude 1:11, ‘the rebellion of Korah.‘
Hidden Reefs Blemishes
Approved rendering: छुपे खतरे
Transliteration: chhupe khatre
Doctrine: Corruption of False Teachers Illustrated
Rejected alternatives: दाग़ (alternate ‘stains’ sense, flagged for reviewer selection rather than resolved by default)
Original: σπιλάδες
Category: Judgment
New term, σπιλάδες. Jude 1:12. Genuinely ambiguous in the Greek (nautical reef vs. stain/blemish); primary rendering favors the nautical sense given surrounding wave/storm imagery.
Shame
Approved rendering: शरम
Transliteration: sharam
Doctrine: Corruption of False Teachers Illustrated
Original: αἰσχύνη
Category: Judgment
New term, αἰσχύνη. Jude 1:13. Engages Dogra Rajput honor/shame (izzat) categories directly; must preserve the text’s own moral force without appearing to specifically mock local honor codes.
Flattery
Approved rendering: चापलूसी
Transliteration: chaplusi
Doctrine: Apostolic Warning and the Last Days
Original: θαυμάζοντες πρόσωπα
Category: Judgment
New term, θαυμάζοντες πρόσωπα (Hebraic idiom, ‘admiring faces’). Jude 1:16.
Cause Divisions
Approved rendering: फूट पान वाले
Transliteration: foot paan wale
Doctrine: Apostolic Warning and the Last Days
Original: ἀποδιορίζω
Category: Judgment
New term, ἀποδιορίζω. Jude 1:19.
Low Risk Terms
Prophet
Approved rendering: नबी
Transliteration: nabi
Doctrine: Enoch’s Prophecy of Judgment
Rejected alternatives: ज्योतषी (astrologer/fortune-teller, never use)
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged.
Prophecy
Approved rendering: भविष्यवाणी
Transliteration: bhavishyavani
Doctrine: Enoch’s Prophecy of Judgment
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Verb form भविष्यवाणी कीती used at Jude 1:14 for Enoch’s prophesying; the citation of 1 Enoch must be taught as authoritative within Jude’s own inspired argument without implying the wider apocryphal book carries equal canonical status.
David
Approved rendering: दाऊद
Transliteration: Daud
Doctrine: Covenant background (general)
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Not directly named in Jude’s text but retained for cross-curriculum proper-name consistency.
Exhort
Approved rendering: हौसला देना / बिनती करना
Transliteration: hausla dena / binti karna
Doctrine: Mutual Edification
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged, context-sensitive branch applied. Jude 1:3’s παρακαλῶν (‘appealing’) uses the beseeching sense, बिनती करना, not the building-up sense.
Thanksgiving
Approved rendering: धन्नवाद
Transliteration: dhannvaad
Doctrine: Register model (gratitude language)
Inherited from Romans package, unchanged. Not directly present in Jude’s text but retained for cross-curriculum register consistency in any derivative teaching material.
Archangel
Approved rendering: प्रधान स्वर्गदूत
Transliteration: pradhan swargdoot
Doctrine: Angelic Order and Restraint in Accusation
Original: ἀρχάγγελος
Category: Angelology
New term, descriptive compound on स्वर्गदूत. Jude 1:9, title for Michael.
Rebuke
Approved rendering: डाँटना
Transliteration: daantna
Doctrine: Angelic Order and Restraint in Accusation
Original: ἐπιτιμάω
Category: Judgment
New term. Jude 1:9, ἐπιτιμάω, quoting Zechariah 3:2: ‘The Lord rebuke you.‘
Present Make Stand
Approved rendering: खड़ा करना
Transliteration: khadda karna
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: ἵστημι / στῆσαι
Category: Sanctification
New term. Jude 1:24, ἵστημι/στῆσαι.
Exultant Joy
Approved rendering: बड़ी खुशी / उमंग
Transliteration: badi khushi / umang
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: ἀγαλλίασις
Category: Doxology
New term, ἀγαλλίασις — stronger than ordinary joy. Jude 1:24.
Beloved
Approved rendering: प्यारे
Transliteration: pyare
Doctrine: Salutation
Original: ἀγαπητοί
Category: Church
New term, ἀγαπητοί. Jude 1:1, 1:3, 1:17, 1:20.
Love General
Approved rendering: प्यार
Transliteration: pyaar
Doctrine: Kept by God and Presented Blameless
Original: ἀγάπη
Category: Church
New term, general sense of ἀγάπη. Jude 1:2, 1:21 (‘keep yourselves in the love of God’).
Pray
Approved rendering: प्रार्थना करना
Transliteration: prarthana karna
Doctrine: Contrast: Building Up in the Spirit
Original: προσεύχομαι
Category: Church
New term, προσεύχομαι. Jude 1:20.
Brother
Approved rendering: भाई
Transliteration: bhai
Doctrine: Salutation
Original: ἀδελφός
Category: Church
New term, ἀδελφός. Jude 1:1, ‘brother of James.‘
Example
Approved rendering: मिसाल
Transliteration: misal
Doctrine: Old Testament Type: Sodom and Eternal Fire
Original: δεῖγμα
Category: Covenant
New term, δεῖγμα. Jude 1:7.
Myriads
Approved rendering: लाखां
Transliteration: lakhaan
Doctrine: Enoch’s Prophecy of Judgment
Rejected alternatives: literal ‘ten-thousands’ calque (avoid; less natural)
Original: μυριάς
Category: Covenant
New term, μυριάς. Jude 1:14, using the culturally natural Indian large-number idiom ‘lakh.‘
Way Course Of Life
Approved rendering: राह
Transliteration: raah
Doctrine: Corruption of False Teachers Illustrated
Original: ὁδός
Category: Judgment
New term, ὁδός. Jude 1:11, ‘the way of Cain.‘
Wage Hire
Approved rendering: मजूरी
Transliteration: majoori
Doctrine: Corruption of False Teachers Illustrated
Original: μισθός
Category: Judgment
New term, μισθός. Jude 1:11, conveying the false teachers’ mercenary motive.
Wandering Stars
Approved rendering: भटकदे तारे
Transliteration: bhatakde taare
Doctrine: Corruption of False Teachers Illustrated
Original: ἀστέρες πλανῆται
Category: Judgment
New term, ἀστέρες πλανῆται, sharing the πλάνη root with ‘error.’ Jude 1:13.
Grumbler
Approved rendering: बड़बड़ करने वाला
Transliteration: badbad karne wala
Doctrine: Apostolic Warning and the Last Days
Original: γογγυστής
Category: Judgment
New term, γογγυστής, onomatopoeic in both languages. Jude 1:16.
Fault Finder
Approved rendering: कमियां कड्ढने वाला
Transliteration: kamiyaan kaddhne wala
Doctrine: Apostolic Warning and the Last Days
Original: μεμψίμοιρος
Category: Judgment
New term, μεμψίμοιρος. Jude 1:16.
Bombastic Words
Approved rendering: फूक्की गल्लां
Transliteration: phukki gallaan
Doctrine: Apostolic Warning and the Last Days
Original: ὑπέρογκα
Category: Judgment
New term, ὑπέρογκα. Jude 1:16.
Enoch
Approved rendering: हनोक
Transliteration: Hanok
Doctrine: Enoch’s Prophecy of Judgment
Original: Ἑνώχ
Category: Proper Name
New proper name, standard regional Christian transliteration. Jude 1:14. Confirm against BSI Dogri Bible.
Cain
Approved rendering: कैन
Transliteration: Kain
Doctrine: Corruption of False Teachers Illustrated
Original: Κάϊν
Category: Proper Name
New proper name, standard transliteration. Jude 1:11.
Balaam
Approved rendering: बलआम
Transliteration: Balaam
Doctrine: Corruption of False Teachers Illustrated
Original: Βαλαάμ
Category: Proper Name
New proper name, standard transliteration. Jude 1:11.
Korah
Approved rendering: कोरह
Transliteration: Korah
Doctrine: Corruption of False Teachers Illustrated
Original: Κόρε
Category: Proper Name
New proper name, standard transliteration. Jude 1:11.
Sodom And Gomorrah
Approved rendering: सदोम ते अमोरा
Transliteration: Sadom te Amora
Doctrine: Old Testament Type: Sodom and Eternal Fire
Original: Σόδομα καὶ Γόμορρα
Category: Proper Name
New proper name, standard transliteration. Jude 1:7. Confirm against BSI Dogri Bible.
Michael
Approved rendering: मीकाईल
Transliteration: Mikail
Doctrine: Angelic Order and Restraint in Accusation
Original: Μιχαήλ
Category: Proper Name
New proper name, standard transliteration. Jude 1:9. Must never be identified with Christ in any translator note or cross-reference (guard against Jehovah’s Witness Michael=Christ doctrine; see 05_translation_landscape.md §3.2).
Moses
Approved rendering: मूसा
Transliteration: Musa
Doctrine: Angelic Order and Restraint in Accusation
Original: Μωυσῆς
Category: Proper Name
New proper name, standard regional transliteration. Jude 1:9.
Jude Author
Approved rendering: यूदा
Transliteration: Yuda
Doctrine: Salutation
New proper name, standard regional transliteration for the epistle’s author. Jude 1:1. Distinguished in context from Judas Iscariot. Also used as the destination-language book name in citations.
James
Approved rendering: याकूब
Transliteration: Yakub
Doctrine: Salutation
Original: Ἰάκωβος
Category: Proper Name
New proper name, standard regional transliteration. Jude 1:1, ‘brother of James.’
Referenced passages